Author: The Tim Ferriss Show

  • #764: Edward Norton and Martha Beck

    AI transcript
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    0:02:31 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I
    0:02:37 try to access something, say a show on Amazon or elsewhere, and it says not available in
    0:02:41 your current location, something like that, or creepier still if you’re at home and this
    0:02:42 is happening to me.
    0:02:49 I search for something or I type in a URL incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops
    0:02:52 up and it says you might be searching for this.
    0:02:53 How about that?
    0:02:57 And it suggests an alternative and I think to myself, wait a second, my internet service
    0:03:02 provider is tracking my searches and what I’m typing into the browser.
    0:03:04 Yeah, I don’t love it.
    0:03:07 And a lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously.
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    0:03:29 And no, you’re not safe simply using incognito mode in your browser.
    0:03:31 This was something that I got wrong for a long time.
    0:03:35 Your activity might still be visible, as in the example I gave to your internet service
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    0:03:39 Incognito mode also does not hide your IP address.
    0:03:43 Also with the example that I gave, if you can’t access this kind of that content, wherever
    0:03:46 you happen to be, then you just set your server to a country where you can see it.
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    0:05:33 Boys and girls, ladies and germs, this is Tim Ferriss.
    0:05:36 Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show, where it is my job to sit down with
    0:05:41 world-class performers from every field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite
    0:05:46 books, and so on that you can apply and test in your own lives.
    0:05:50 This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its tenth
    0:05:56 year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and past one billion downloads.
    0:05:59 To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best.
    0:06:05 Some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over the last decade, I could not be more
    0:06:10 excited to give you these super combo episodes, and internally we’ve been calling these the
    0:06:14 super combo episodes, because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household
    0:06:20 names, the super famous folks, but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider
    0:06:21 stars.
    0:06:26 These are people who have transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many
    0:06:27 of you.
    0:06:31 Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode, just trust
    0:06:36 me on this one, we went to great pains to put these pairings together.
    0:06:44 And for the bios of all guests, you can find that and more at tim.blog/combo, and now without
    0:06:49 further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening.
    0:06:55 First up, Edward Norton, philanthropist, environmentalist, director, producer, and
    0:07:01 Golden Globe and Emmy award-winning actor, who has starred in more than 50 films, including
    0:07:09 Primal Fear, American History X, Fight Club, The Grand Budapest Hotel, Birdman, and Motherless
    0:07:13 Brooklyn, which he also wrote, produced, and directed.
    0:07:19 You can find Edward on Twitter @EdwardNorton.
    0:07:23 When were you introduced to acting, or how did that come to be?
    0:07:27 And I did do a fair amount of reading, and for whatever reason, wasn’t able to pin it
    0:07:28 down exactly.
    0:07:32 I mean, the summer camp came up, but I don’t know where things began.
    0:07:36 I mean, mostly, my mother was an English teacher, she was a high school English teacher, and
    0:07:38 was a real theater aficionado.
    0:07:43 Both my parents were theater aficionados and film lovers and stuff like that, and they
    0:07:51 exposed me very early on to theater and plays, and I had a strong pull toward that.
    0:07:57 In the time I was five years old, even, I started, a babysitter of mine went and I signed
    0:08:01 up at the theater arts program outside of school that she was involved in, and that’s
    0:08:04 how I got involved in it.
    0:08:06 And I went through ebbs and flows.
    0:08:07 I loved it.
    0:08:10 It wasn’t like I knew I wanted to be an actor, I just liked doing it, and I loved writing
    0:08:11 stories.
    0:08:16 I made up my own comic books, and I made little VHS camcorder films where you use the pause
    0:08:20 button as your cut, and I mean, just all that stuff I loved, not exclusively, not in a way
    0:08:23 where I knew it was my life as an adult.
    0:08:26 And then I got really self-conscious about it in high school, like I went to a public
    0:08:27 high school.
    0:08:29 It didn’t seem cool to me at all.
    0:08:31 I was doing my athletics.
    0:08:33 And the athletics were, at that time, what?
    0:08:38 I did a lot of, I played tennis, I played baseball, I played ice hockey.
    0:08:39 Where was that?
    0:08:41 I ran track in Columbia, Maryland.
    0:08:42 Okay.
    0:08:43 Yeah.
    0:08:45 It’s like half an hour south of Baltimore.
    0:08:49 Who were your first then mentors in the world of theater acting?
    0:08:58 Well, the woman who created this local theater art school in our community in Columbia, Maryland,
    0:09:03 her name was Toby Ornstein, and it’s crazy to say, but she really was, I still think
    0:09:09 she’s one of the great minds I ever encountered on theater, the craft of theater, the craft
    0:09:10 of acting.
    0:09:13 She was not a regional theater hobbyist.
    0:09:17 She was my Stella Adler, really, like when I was young, and infused us when we were really
    0:09:24 young with, I don’t know, a sense of seriousness about it, and told us to read and told us
    0:09:28 to be erudite on plays, and it was really interesting.
    0:09:34 And then, like I said, in my teens, I got self-conscious about it, and then I saw Ian
    0:09:38 McKellen do a one-man show in Washington, D.C. when I was about 17.
    0:09:43 It had such a huge impact on me that I thought, “Wow, this is something you could actually
    0:09:45 do as an avocation.
    0:09:50 This is something that you can do as an adult, and it’s like big, and important, and meaningful.”
    0:09:51 That’s how I felt about it.
    0:09:56 And then I still didn’t really have a notion that I was going to commit myself to that until
    0:09:57 a couple of years after college, even.
    0:10:00 A couple of years after college, what was your major in college?
    0:10:06 I got a degree in history, with a focus on Asian studies and languages and stuff.
    0:10:09 If we go back to, and I’m blanking, I apologize, what was her name again?
    0:10:10 First woman, the–
    0:10:11 Toby Ornstein.
    0:10:12 Toby.
    0:10:13 Yeah.
    0:10:14 I mean, I think she just had–
    0:10:19 A story or given example of what type of thing she would emphasize when she was working with
    0:10:20 you guys, or are we particularly–
    0:10:21 I mean, I think she just had–
    0:10:22 Memories of her.
    0:10:29 Mostly, I think a lot of people would say that someone in their early life, if you’re
    0:10:35 lucky you have someone when you’re young who doesn’t talk down to you, who speaks to you
    0:10:43 as a serious person, and exhorts you to take something seriously, to take work seriously,
    0:10:44 and–
    0:10:45 Definitely.
    0:10:48 And if a person does that in the right way, you feel elevated.
    0:10:49 As a young person, you feel elevated.
    0:10:53 You feel like someone’s saying to you, hey, you want to be taken seriously, then take
    0:10:59 things seriously, do the work, don’t coast, and I’d say that’s what she gave.
    0:11:04 Later, when I was in New York, I had a teacher named Terry Schreiber, who ran a terrific
    0:11:07 theater studio in New York, acting studio in New York, and I’ve often said about him
    0:11:13 that the thing I admired most about him was that he was a pluralist, and by that, I mean,
    0:11:21 he basically kind of rejected this notion that has infused, I think, a lot of the training
    0:11:25 of actors that one methodology holds the key to anything.
    0:11:31 He was like, all of these things are a forehand, a backhand, a volley, a serve, or to a tennis
    0:11:37 player, that is the Lee Strasberg method, the Stella Adler imagination focus, the Sandy
    0:11:39 Meisner exercises.
    0:11:44 He basically just said, if you don’t get yourself conversant with a lot of shots, you’re just
    0:11:45 not going to be great.
    0:11:51 You’re not going to be able to address material with diverse skill sets as called for that
    0:11:56 really resonated with me because I was really turned off by dogma.
    0:11:57 Right.
    0:12:03 It sounds like the Bruce Lee of acting and performance, and that’s sort of the, except
    0:12:07 what is useful, reject what is useless, and that is uniquely your own type of approach.
    0:12:08 Exactly.
    0:12:11 I never thought of it that way, but I agree.
    0:12:17 When you hear the word successful, who is the first person who comes to mind and why?
    0:12:26 Now in my life, when I meet people who seem like they’ve got their aspirations and their
    0:12:37 engagement in balance with a lot of time for contemplative time, family time, personal
    0:12:43 health, physical health, I tend to look at that and go, wow, I want to be that guy or
    0:12:45 that woman.
    0:12:52 I definitely have seen more than enough people with success as defined by notoriety or money
    0:12:59 or whatever who look like the specter of despair to me.
    0:13:06 I’ve seen, as I’m sure you have, lots of people with the albatross of success around
    0:13:11 their neck that seem like an intense cautionary tale to me.
    0:13:16 It’s more my sense of what constitutes a successful person is probably more defined now by what
    0:13:18 looks like a healthy person.
    0:13:23 What books or book have you given most as a gift to other people?
    0:13:28 There was a period where I really liked Antoine, this Santa Xupri’s book.
    0:13:30 It’s called Wind, Sand, and Stars.
    0:13:31 I haven’t read that one.
    0:13:33 That’s a great, great one.
    0:13:36 Were you interested in him because he was a pilot or did you?
    0:13:37 Yeah, both.
    0:13:39 I was reading a lot of books about flying.
    0:13:42 Real innovator and I guess what, postal delivery or something like that.
    0:13:43 Yeah.
    0:13:48 I’ve been reading the mail from the Sahara to Paris and from Patagonia to Paris, which
    0:13:49 is crazy.
    0:13:54 For those people who don’t recognize the name, I also wrote the Little Prince.
    0:14:01 Wind, Sand, and Stars is as much a book about the philosophy of life as it is about flying.
    0:14:06 It’s like zen in the craft of flying, but it’s just beautiful.
    0:14:07 We were talking about this earlier.
    0:14:09 I really liked that book, The Black Swan.
    0:14:12 I gave that to friends of a certain type.
    0:14:15 I really enjoyed that book too.
    0:14:16 Yeah.
    0:14:21 I think it’s an extremely … If you absorb it right, it’s got a really amazing capacity
    0:14:25 to prick certain bubbles of delusion or help you realize bubbles of delusion that we all
    0:14:26 operate in.
    0:14:28 I think it’s really, really cool.
    0:14:32 You mentioned two essays and we don’t have to go too deep into the … I’ll just name
    0:14:37 them and then link to them in the show notes, but there was Second Wind, which was by the
    0:14:42 former Czechoslovakian president, I’m not going to get his first name right.
    0:14:43 Vaslav Havel.
    0:14:47 Havel, H-A-V-E-L, and then The Catastrophe of Success.
    0:14:48 The author is …
    0:14:49 Tennessee Williams.
    0:14:50 Tennessee Williams.
    0:14:52 Any context that you’d like to provide for folks for those two?
    0:14:53 Just great.
    0:14:58 The Catastrophe of Success is one of the great essays by a creative person about exactly what
    0:15:06 you’re just talking, the traps that follow on achieving anything really that you were
    0:15:10 aspiring to achieve and then what happens after that happens.
    0:15:14 Second Wind is sort of the same from a different perspective, more like how do you have the
    0:15:20 courage to kind of not repeat yourself, put yourself out of your comfort zone in a creative
    0:15:22 sense but also in a life sense.
    0:15:26 I think what I like about Second Wind is as a playwright, he’s sort of saying that you
    0:15:32 kind of disgorge a point of view and you can keep doing that, but at some point, if you
    0:15:39 don’t stop and go back into like absorption mode, you’re going to be repeating yourself
    0:15:46 and you have to dare yourself to stop, listen, live, absorb, and then try again from scratch.
    0:15:47 You know what I mean?
    0:15:49 That that’s like … It’s a great essay.
    0:15:50 It’s really, really great.
    0:15:52 Do you have any favorite documentaries?
    0:15:53 Many.
    0:15:56 I love Bennett Miller’s film, The Cruise.
    0:15:57 The Cruise.
    0:16:03 In Bennett, people know he directed Capote and Money Ball and Fox Catcher, a brilliant
    0:16:08 filmmaker, but I think almost my favorite film of his is a documentary called The Cruise.
    0:16:09 What is that about?
    0:16:13 It’s about a guy who’s a … He’s a tour guide host on the open double-decker buses
    0:16:18 in New York City who’s a poet and who … You just have to see it.
    0:16:19 It’s great.
    0:16:22 I really like that one.
    0:16:26 I really like Adam Curtis’s films, great British documentarian.
    0:16:32 He’s got that four-part film called The Century of the Self, and then a three-part one called
    0:16:34 The Power of Nightmares.
    0:16:41 I think those are absolutely brilliant films, dense, but really eye-opening.
    0:16:44 Are there any other underrated movies that you think people should say they’re not necessarily
    0:16:48 documentaries, any particular movies that come to mind for you?
    0:16:54 Of late, I think I’m a huge, huge fan of this French filmmaker Jacques Odiard, who I think
    0:17:01 in the last few years, he put up a hat trick of films that beat my heart skipped and then
    0:17:02 a profit.
    0:17:03 Okay.
    0:17:05 That is one of my favorite films.
    0:17:06 Amazing.
    0:17:09 I personally put a profit as one of the three best gangster films ever made.
    0:17:10 So good.
    0:17:11 Oh my God.
    0:17:16 For me, the Godfather, Goodfellas, and a profit are at this point my three … If I had to
    0:17:17 pick three gangster films, I think they’re the best ones.
    0:17:18 Yeah.
    0:17:22 If for those people who haven’t seen a profit, I don’t speak French, but I guess it’s un
    0:17:23 profet.
    0:17:27 And the poster, if you’re looking at it on Netflix or Amazon or iTunes or whatever,
    0:17:31 it’s red and black, but it’s about, I want to say, a Middle Eastern …
    0:17:32 Algerian.
    0:17:33 Algerian.
    0:17:34 Yeah.
    0:17:35 That’s right.
    0:17:37 Algerian young male who goes to prison and about his ascension.
    0:17:38 Don’t say anything more.
    0:17:39 Oh my God.
    0:17:40 I won’t say anything more.
    0:17:48 And after that, Rustin Bone was his next film, and it’s just a brilliant film.
    0:17:49 Marion Cotillard.
    0:17:55 It’s one of the great performances in the last few years, and I love all those films.
    0:17:59 And I think, excusing the fact that I happen to be in one of them, but I think Alejandro
    0:18:09 Iniridu’s last three films in a row, Beautiful, was an extremely, extremely under-seen masterpiece.
    0:18:13 It was Iniridu’s film prior to Birdman, and it’s a masterpiece.
    0:18:14 It’s just called Beautiful.
    0:18:15 Yeah.
    0:18:16 Spelled wrong.
    0:18:19 It’s a masterpiece, and it’s absolutely brilliant.
    0:18:24 And again, one of the greatest performances in a long time.
    0:18:27 And the third in his triptych, I think, is the Revenant out right now.
    0:18:32 I think the Revenant’s one of the great films I’ve seen in the last many years.
    0:18:35 It’s an absolute, unqualified masterpiece.
    0:18:42 It’s like a Native American spirit myth, or straight out of a Joseph Campbell myth or
    0:18:43 something.
    0:18:45 It’s just a magnificent, magnificent piece of filmmaking.
    0:18:49 We could have a whole separate conversation about Birdman, which we won’t do today, but
    0:18:52 also one of my favorite films in the last few years.
    0:18:55 What advice would you give to your 30-year-old self, and could you displace where you were
    0:18:56 at the time?
    0:19:01 I was on the last two days of shooting a film as directing when I turned 30, and I think
    0:19:12 I might tell myself at that phase to commit myself to a few fewer things than I did at
    0:19:18 that time that I’m still feeling obligated to, and that maybe I wish I had a few less
    0:19:20 of those things.
    0:19:26 I think my aspiration and my sense of my own energy and time was limitless at that time,
    0:19:35 and now some of that has become a cage of obligation that I would like to unlock.
    0:19:38 But I’ll get there.
    0:19:42 Senior year in college, what advice would you have given yourself?
    0:19:44 I might have told myself to go live abroad right then.
    0:19:47 I should have done it right then, for a year or two.
    0:19:49 I had lived abroad a little bit.
    0:19:50 I should have gone in.
    0:19:56 That’s like when you think everything’s about to get started, and it’s not.
    0:20:01 I should have gone somewhere and lived somewhere interesting or different that I would be much
    0:20:03 harder to do later.
    0:20:04 Where would you choose for yourself?
    0:20:05 I don’t know.
    0:20:06 No.
    0:20:07 I don’t know.
    0:20:09 Just take a trip to Japan together, get you back to Japan.
    0:20:13 Last real question is, do you have any ask or request of the audience, people listening,
    0:20:18 things they should do, ponder or otherwise?
    0:20:21 What I think is cool about what you’ve assembled is I think it’s driven by people’s desire
    0:20:28 to not hack life, but be proactive and participate and not be apathetic.
    0:20:29 And I like that.
    0:20:32 I think that’s a positive community, and I think we all get really tired.
    0:20:36 I think modern life is stressful and tiring and confusing.
    0:20:42 And I think Nietzsche has that great thing, that idea of self-overcoming, that the overman
    0:20:44 is not like a perfect person.
    0:20:48 It’s actually the person who’s perpetually trying to self-overcome.
    0:20:49 And I really like that idea.
    0:20:54 I think staying engaged in the idea of evolving yourself is really cool.
    0:20:57 So I think it’s awesome that you’ve got this many people kind of linked up together around
    0:20:58 those ideas.
    0:20:59 Yeah.
    0:21:04 I really hope people listening, no matter how small you might feel or isolated you might
    0:21:05 feel.
    0:21:10 I know not everyone out there has a community like you or I might have in New York or SF.
    0:21:16 It’ll make this year the year that you astonish yourself with what you can do or be a part
    0:21:17 of.
    0:21:23 And look back on December 31st of this year and just hope to say, “Holy shit, I can’t
    0:21:27 believe I was part of X,” or “I did X to yourself,” because I think it’s a lot easier
    0:21:32 than people might think.
    0:21:36 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show.
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    0:22:37 Check it out.
    0:22:44 And now, Dr. Martha Beck, described by NPR and USA Today as the best-known life coach
    0:22:52 in America, host of the Gathering Room podcast, creator of Wayfinder Life Coach Training, and
    0:23:00 author of 11 books, including her upcoming “Beyond Anxiety, Curiosity, Creativity,
    0:23:02 and Finding Your Life’s Purpose.”
    0:23:08 You can find Martha on Twitter and Instagram @themarthabeck.
    0:23:13 Martha, it is so nice to finally connect and to see your face, and I really appreciate
    0:23:14 you taking the time.
    0:23:15 So thank you.
    0:23:16 It’s my honor.
    0:23:19 I gave your four-hour work week to my then-teenage children.
    0:23:22 I said, “I want you to learn the way this man thinks.”
    0:23:27 Whatever you do, just study his mind, it is your new Bible.
    0:23:28 Thank you for that.
    0:23:32 Maybe it didn’t turn them to the dark side, didn’t take them…
    0:23:33 Oh, they’re atrocious, yes.
    0:23:36 That was the beginning of the end, so thank you.
    0:23:40 Thank you, Tim, for derailing the development of my children.
    0:23:46 Well, let’s talk about mutual friend briefly, because our connecting point, the way we directly
    0:23:52 connected, even though I had observed you from afar for quite some time, is Boyd Vardian.
    0:23:56 For people who don’t know, Boyd is the author of “The Lion Tracker’s Guide to Life.”
    0:23:57 He has been…
    0:23:58 There it is, right behind you.
    0:24:04 It’s a beautiful little book, which I’ve read multiple times, and he is one hell of a guy.
    0:24:05 He’s one of a kind.
    0:24:06 He really is.
    0:24:14 And I wanted to ask you to perhaps begin with describing how the two of you connected.
    0:24:16 It was such a strange thing.
    0:24:20 I mean, he’s told me the story from his side since.
    0:24:23 All I knew was that I was in a weird period of my own life.
    0:24:27 I’d written a book about leaving Mormonism, and a lot of people didn’t like it, and I
    0:24:29 was getting death threats and legal threats.
    0:24:35 And I sort of ran away to do a book tour in South Africa, and I went to my favorite place
    0:24:41 there, which is a game preserve called “Londelosi,” where I’d been once before, and it was like
    0:24:44 the thing I had saved up for and the thing I’d been looking forward to.
    0:24:50 And I felt safer there with the lions and the rhinoceroses and whatnot than I did anywhere
    0:24:52 at among people.
    0:24:53 I was terrified of people at the time.
    0:24:57 I still sort of am, but I was really terrified at that time.
    0:25:02 So all I knew is that I had a certain ranger who was supposed to be taking me out on safari,
    0:25:04 and the guy who showed up was a different guy.
    0:25:05 All right.
    0:25:06 I didn’t really care.
    0:25:13 But we got talking as we drove around, and here I am, like he’s 23, I’m 43, I think.
    0:25:22 So we start talking housewife to game ranger, just like a heart to heart would be.
    0:25:23 I don’t know how.
    0:25:28 Within five minutes, we were in such an intense conversation, and we were laughing at each
    0:25:34 other’s jokes, and we were having this amazing time, and we went back to the game preserve
    0:25:39 place to the camp, and we had tea together, and he told me, “My family’s been going through
    0:25:41 some difficult times.
    0:25:46 They’ve had really strange legal things happening,” and it kind of paralleled what I was going
    0:25:48 through in some ways.
    0:25:52 So I felt really understood, but I also thought, “Oh my gosh, he doesn’t understand really
    0:25:56 what the dynamics of what’s going on,” and I’m a sociologist.
    0:26:01 I study psychology as my trade, so I started talking to him about it, and he says, “You
    0:26:02 have to meet my family.”
    0:26:07 I didn’t know that his family was the family that owned the game preserve, and had started
    0:26:10 it, and like reforested it and everything.
    0:26:15 Before I knew it, I was at their house with his sister Bronwyn and his parents, Dave and
    0:26:21 Shan, and I was talking to them as fast as I could about how to deal with attacks from
    0:26:22 psychopaths.
    0:26:29 They can handle attacks from almost anything, but psychopaths were new to them, and I was
    0:26:30 supposed to leave on this small plane.
    0:26:35 They held the plane for an hour, so we could keep talking.
    0:26:40 And I got on the plane, and I had a copy of Dave’s book, Dave is Boyd’s father, and he’d
    0:26:45 written a memoir, and I got on the plane, and they shouted after me, “Next time you
    0:26:46 come back, you can stay with us.”
    0:26:52 And I got on the plane with my head spinning, and I thought, “I just met my best friends.”
    0:26:58 And I read Dave’s book on the plane, and there’s a place where Boyd, his sister Bronwyn, and
    0:27:05 his mother and their teacher were all at home together, and there was a break-in, and Boyd
    0:27:08 woke up with the gun in his mouth.
    0:27:12 The guy had shoved the barrel of a gun in his mouth and woke him up that way, and they
    0:27:16 were tied up for five hours, they were threatened with death.
    0:27:23 So I’m on the plane, and I’m sobbing hysterically, because this is happening to my best friends.
    0:27:28 And I was like, “You could have been killed!”
    0:27:29 You know what, Tim?
    0:27:33 It’s a good thing that flight was really long, because I was out of my mind.
    0:27:39 I felt so close to Boyd and his family, and I have ever since.
    0:27:41 It’s been like 20 years.
    0:27:45 And I’ve gone back and gone back, and we’ve done things together, and he’s become this
    0:27:48 incredible coach, and I taught him what I could teach him.
    0:27:51 He’s learned so much more from other people.
    0:27:57 But it was just this incredible bond that formed between the most unlikely pair of friends,
    0:28:01 and yeah, he’s one of the best people in the world, in my humble opinion.
    0:28:06 Yeah, he’s amazing, also an incredible storyteller, and as you mentioned, well adapted to dealing
    0:28:11 with certain types of threats, and I suppose this will probably segue into other things
    0:28:18 that we talk about, but he almost was eaten alive by a crocodile, and his leg still bears
    0:28:19 incredible scars from that.
    0:28:25 He’s got a gun barrel in his mouth, and yet there are certain things we’re not particularly
    0:28:30 well-evolved to handle, like modern-day psychopaths, as one example.
    0:28:32 Psychopaths of any era, really.
    0:28:37 Psychopaths of any era, and there are a few things that I took from Boyd just to continue
    0:28:42 to give a kind of hats off to Boyd, who’s also one of the best storytellers I’ve ever
    0:28:43 heard in my life.
    0:28:44 He’s magnificent.
    0:28:48 I think he might be the best storyteller in the world.
    0:28:52 So for those who haven’t heard my podcast with Boyd, I encourage you to check that out.
    0:28:57 There’s a line from his book, From the Line Tracker’s Guide to Life, which has stuck with
    0:28:58 me ever since.
    0:29:03 And I think of it often, which is a line from Reneus, this master tracker, who says, “I
    0:29:07 don’t know where we’re going, but I know exactly how to get there,” and I think that’s
    0:29:08 resonating with a lot of people.
    0:29:13 There’s another line, which I’m less familiar with, but in the process of doing homework
    0:29:18 for this conversation, I came across this on your website, actually, and it’s referencing
    0:29:19 Boyd.
    0:29:20 I know.
    0:29:21 We all have a lot on our websites.
    0:29:24 We’re both obsessed with Boyd, and we just need to accept it.
    0:29:25 Yeah, exactly.
    0:29:28 We’ll have to come up with a custody plan.
    0:29:33 So he has the name for the experience of getting lost, the path of not here.
    0:29:35 Now, I have not heard him say that.
    0:29:37 What does that mean, the path of not here?
    0:29:41 Well, we’re out wandering around trying to track, I remember once tracking a porcupine
    0:29:46 with Boyd, and it was easy on the road because the quill drags are easy to see.
    0:29:50 And then the porcupine left the road, and it was just scrub and rocks and everything.
    0:29:55 And I didn’t know what he was looking at, but he kept walking.
    0:30:01 And I said, “I haven’t seen anything for a long time, and I’m completely lost.”
    0:30:03 And he said, “No, you’re never lost.
    0:30:07 What you’re getting is the information that the place you are now and the way you’re going
    0:30:10 isn’t the way you want to end up.”
    0:30:15 And that is an incredibly important place called the path of not here.
    0:30:21 And every time you realize you’re in it, you have the option of shifting, of going somewhere
    0:30:25 else without recognizing that this is the path of not here.
    0:30:26 You can’t shift.
    0:30:31 So when I coach people, they’re almost always way into the path of not here.
    0:30:36 They hate their job, their marriage is awful, whatever, and they’ve just kept going and
    0:30:42 going and going and going, and they haven’t woken up and seen that there’s not been a
    0:30:44 footprint for a very long time.
    0:30:50 And then, by the way, Boyd found the damn porcupine den in the middle of a flight.
    0:30:57 How he tracked this thing over a rock, I don’t know how, but he was quite pleased.
    0:30:58 I’m sure he was pleased.
    0:31:09 Now, watching these expert trackers track is akin to having some type of ethereal experience
    0:31:12 on a different plane, but for them, it’s very scientific, right?
    0:31:14 There’s nothing mystical or very little mystical about it.
    0:31:17 It’s very much deductive, Sherlock Holmes type.
    0:31:21 I call it the technology of magic, because it looks like magic to us.
    0:31:26 If you showed someone from an uncontacted tribe in the Amazon and iPhone, they would
    0:31:30 say, “Oh, magic,” and we’d say, “No, no, technology.”
    0:31:34 When people from, are using these ancient forms of wisdom that we don’t have, it looks
    0:31:35 like magic.
    0:31:38 And we say, “Magic,” and they say, “No, no, technology.”
    0:31:42 And I remember the first tracking lesson I ever had with Ranius, who was, I couldn’t
    0:31:47 believe he would be so generous, especially to a female, because they don’t usually train
    0:31:48 women as trackers.
    0:31:52 We’re just walking along, he’s not saying anything, he picks up a stick and makes a
    0:31:56 circle in the sand, and then he just stands there, doesn’t say a word.
    0:32:02 And I look down and there’s a huge paw print, and it’s obviously a lion, so I’m like, “It’s
    0:32:08 a lion,” and he was like, “Mm-hmm,” and he just stood there, and I kept looking at it,
    0:32:11 and then he held up his hand and he did this.
    0:32:16 He just shifted it like a quarter inch to one side, and I looked down and I saw that
    0:32:21 the print had been disturbed in exactly that way, and suddenly I felt myself as if I was
    0:32:28 down on all fours, and I shifted that left paw, that left hand, just that little bit,
    0:32:34 and I realized the lion had looked over his left shoulder, and that had made a slight
    0:32:39 little swish in the track, and so the lion was either looking at something, one of his
    0:32:45 pride mates or one of his potential prey, and he was going to go around to that spot
    0:32:49 so we could cut over there, because the lion had looked at that significantly.
    0:32:53 And I remember it’s like learning to read for the second time, even when you only know
    0:32:54 a couple of words.
    0:32:55 It’s magic.
    0:32:56 Yeah, totally.
    0:32:58 Rhenius is something else.
    0:33:00 There are levels, and then there are levels.
    0:33:07 And as you were talking, I thought of a quote that I really enjoy from the very much storied
    0:33:09 science fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke.
    0:33:10 One of my faves.
    0:33:11 All right.
    0:33:12 So yeah.
    0:33:13 I bet I know the quote.
    0:33:17 I’ve read a lot of books, and the quote you know is, “Any sufficiently advanced technologies
    0:33:19 indistinguishable from magic.”
    0:33:20 Is indistinguishable from magic.
    0:33:21 Exactly.
    0:33:23 So let’s talk about the path of not here.
    0:33:29 If we could talk about a practical example, because in the email introduction, Boyd credits
    0:33:37 you with, in a way, rescuing him or helping him rescue himself from a period of great
    0:33:38 difficulty.
    0:33:40 It was mutual.
    0:33:46 And I would love to know what that intervention looked like or maybe to be more specific.
    0:33:53 What are some of the questions, cues, things that you did with Boyd that might be instructive
    0:33:57 in terms of helping someone get off the path of not here?
    0:33:58 Okay.
    0:34:03 So the first thing is, for me, and I want to be delicate about this because people get
    0:34:07 worried when we talk about it, but I watched your TED Talk doing homework for this.
    0:34:09 I watched it again.
    0:34:14 And you start out very courageously in one of your TED Talks, talking about being in
    0:34:18 a depressive period and thinking you might want to end your life.
    0:34:21 I was so surprised to hear that there are people who haven’t been there.
    0:34:25 I just thought that was how you spend a Thursday, you know?
    0:34:31 So I remember sitting in the Lamont Library at Harvard when I was 17.
    0:34:35 I call it the Lament Library, because all these people had carved their woes into the
    0:34:36 heralds.
    0:34:38 It was a freshman library.
    0:34:39 Not surprising.
    0:34:40 Yeah, not surprising.
    0:34:41 And I was like, “Why stick around?
    0:34:42 We’re all getting off the bus.
    0:34:46 We’re all going to die, so why not get off the bus now?”
    0:34:51 And I remember sitting there and thinking, “The only possible reason for sticking around,”
    0:34:57 and I remembered Emerson’s statement that beauty is its own excuse for being.
    0:35:02 And I thought, “Joy is its own excuse for being.”
    0:35:06 That is the one thing I can experience that makes it worth sticking around for the suffering
    0:35:07 this life entails.
    0:35:14 So I shifted my entire life toward a sort of very simple test.
    0:35:16 Does it bring me joy or does it not?
    0:35:19 And joy became the track I was following.
    0:35:25 So Boyd had learned to track animals, but he’d lost the track of his joy a long time
    0:35:26 before.
    0:35:32 And I remember feeling, well, jumping ahead, taking some people out in a seminar and having
    0:35:37 him turn and tell the group that you track your life the way you track an animal, but
    0:35:42 the track you’re looking for is joy in the body.
    0:35:44 And it’s so simple to put it that way.
    0:35:49 And I think that’s the first thing where we really connected.
    0:35:52 And I said, “Boyd, you have to find joy in your body.”
    0:35:54 He’d been through so much trauma.
    0:35:58 I mean, good, God, it wasn’t just the break-in.
    0:36:03 I mean, he tried to rescue a man from a hot spring, a guy had fallen in, the guy died.
    0:36:05 He was basically boiled alive.
    0:36:08 He was almost eaten by a crocodile.
    0:36:13 He’s been attacked by more deadly animals and snakes and all kinds of things than you
    0:36:14 can even imagine.
    0:36:15 So here was this guy.
    0:36:20 He was tough and strong and brave, and he had long ago gone numb.
    0:36:24 And the funny thing is that there are a lot of people who haven’t had such a wild life
    0:36:29 we’re sitting under fluorescent lights somewhere, and they’re just as far off their track as
    0:36:30 he was.
    0:36:31 They’re almost as miserable.
    0:36:33 If you can’t find joy, you can’t find joy.
    0:36:35 It’s like oxygen.
    0:36:36 You need it.
    0:36:40 It doesn’t matter how you lose it or what it looks like to you, you need it.
    0:36:45 So I remember when Boyd and his sister came to Phoenix to visit me shortly after we met.
    0:36:52 And I put them through a kind of American therapy, which is I made them lie down on the living
    0:36:59 room floor and watch Eddie Izzard routines on TV while I brought them ice cream for about
    0:37:01 three days.
    0:37:07 And they had just worked like mules their entire lives, physically worked, psychologically
    0:37:08 worked.
    0:37:09 And they were like, “When do we start working?”
    0:37:14 And I had to say, “Sit, eat, laugh.”
    0:37:20 And at the end of the three days, I saw them start to be able to access relaxation, which
    0:37:23 is the first step toward joy in the body.
    0:37:29 And our culture is so cerebral when we think that thinking is superior to the physical
    0:37:30 being.
    0:37:35 But our thinking process is very late in evolution.
    0:37:39 Our cognitive minds process about 40 bits of information per second.
    0:37:44 The nervous system of our entire bodies is processing about 11 million bits of information
    0:37:45 per second.
    0:37:48 The body is smarter than the mind.
    0:37:52 That is a very long answer to a very good question.
    0:37:53 But if you haven’t found joy in the body…
    0:37:55 That’s why this is a long podcast.
    0:37:56 We’ve done.
    0:37:59 You didn’t say you wanted me to tell stories.
    0:38:06 So yeah, I think when I could see him relax and I saw his shoulders open and I saw him
    0:38:10 smile spontaneously instead of should be polite, I said, “There you go.
    0:38:11 That’s the track.
    0:38:13 That’s what we’re tracking.”
    0:38:17 And that’s what we’ve done ever since in years and years of wonderful conversations.
    0:38:21 So I’m going to come back to Boyd, probably just as an instructive case study.
    0:38:28 And we’ll probably come back to Boyd, but I would love to ask you about reattuning the
    0:38:31 body to the nervous system.
    0:38:37 And specifically, I’m asking because as I’ve done research for this conversation and listened
    0:38:45 to interviews and read so much, I’ve noticed that you have a prodigious ability to recall
    0:38:48 quotes as one example.
    0:38:53 You mentioned Harvard and 17, which is not an age that most people associate with Harvard.
    0:38:58 So you seem to have a lot of horsepower between the ears.
    0:38:59 Generally…
    0:39:04 Now, I don’t know this about you, but generally when I encounter that, and to maybe a lesser
    0:39:12 extent I encounter that myself, you get rewarded for using this analytical workhorse and you
    0:39:15 end up perhaps a little less attuned to the physical body.
    0:39:20 So I’m curious how you have reconnected with that intelligence.
    0:39:26 And specifically, this may or may not be related, but I would love for you to discuss equine
    0:39:32 therapy or interactions with animals and if that is related.
    0:39:35 The first place I’ll go, I learned to brutalize my body.
    0:39:39 That year at Harvard, I was running 100 miles a week and trying to eat less than a thousand
    0:39:41 calories a day.
    0:39:44 I did not have any regard for my body at all.
    0:39:45 I got sick.
    0:39:49 I got very sick with a multitude of our immune diseases.
    0:39:53 My body correctly figured out that I was the greatest threat to my own health.
    0:39:56 So I was actually on crutches in a back brace.
    0:39:58 I was in a lot of pain for a long time.
    0:40:05 I went back to Harvard after a year off for this issue and got engaged to another, I have
    0:40:06 an ex-mormon.
    0:40:08 We get engaged very young.
    0:40:14 So I got engaged and married another guy from my hometown and I stayed at Harvard for my
    0:40:19 master’s and my PhD and we had a daughter and then my second child was conceived when
    0:40:22 I was halfway through my PhD.
    0:40:26 And I was caught in an apartment fire right in the middle of the pregnancy and because
    0:40:31 of that, they ran a bunch of tests and they came back and told me that the fetus had Down
    0:40:34 Syndrome and I had two weeks to terminate.
    0:40:36 I was like six months along.
    0:40:39 So I don’t know if you’ve ever been pregnant, Tim, but …
    0:40:40 Not that I’m aware of.
    0:40:41 Yeah.
    0:40:44 I have suspected though at points.
    0:40:46 People say I’m glowing recently.
    0:40:47 I don’t know.
    0:40:48 Maybe.
    0:40:50 You do look really flush.
    0:40:51 Yeah.
    0:40:56 I had the one baby already and I had bonded so strongly with the second one that even
    0:41:02 though I’m very pro-choice saying he’s got to go, he was already my child.
    0:41:10 I’d seen him sucking his finger on the ultrasound and everything and I couldn’t do it.
    0:41:11 I’ve advised other people.
    0:41:15 I’ve helped other people go on and terminate their pregnancies in similar situations.
    0:41:17 I just couldn’t do it.
    0:41:23 And I remember the head of gynecology and obstetrics at Harvard at the time because
    0:41:25 I was part of that university system.
    0:41:27 There were five of them.
    0:41:31 They all thought that I was making a huge mistake to not terminate.
    0:41:36 And the head honcho came in and told me this is like having a malignant tumor and not letting
    0:41:38 me remove it.
    0:41:44 And I remember looking at him and I was being rehydrated because I couldn’t stop vomiting
    0:41:45 and stuff.
    0:41:46 Oh, it was such fun.
    0:41:47 How I laughed.
    0:41:51 I was looking at this guy and he’s saying, “You need to do this.
    0:41:52 You’re going to ruin your life.”
    0:41:53 I said, “You’re throwing your life away.”
    0:41:59 And I looked at him and suddenly it appeared he had two faces and I was really curious.
    0:42:03 And it was as if there was a face that he was presenting that was his stern Harvard
    0:42:04 doctor.
    0:42:09 And then right behind it was this terrified face, terrified.
    0:42:14 And I didn’t sort of terrify myself, but when I saw this, I was like fascinated.
    0:42:18 I just watched him and I said, “Do you know anyone with Down syndrome?”
    0:42:19 He was very flustered.
    0:42:22 He was like, “No, I wouldn’t bother with that.”
    0:42:28 And I just watched him and I thought, “Oh, he’s not telling me to do this because he
    0:42:32 thinks I’m making a mistake to keep the stupid little boy inside of me.
    0:42:37 He thinks that there’s a stupid little boy inside him and he’s trying to kill that.”
    0:42:40 And I thought, “Oh, he didn’t end up at Harvard because he knew he was smart.
    0:42:43 He ended up there for the same reason I did.”
    0:42:44 He thought he was stupid.
    0:42:46 He wanted to prove he wasn’t.
    0:42:50 And at that moment I looked at him and I thought, “You know, the reason for my life is joy.
    0:42:56 I don’t see joy on either of this man’s faces.
    0:43:02 And I don’t think he understands his own path to joy at all.”
    0:43:08 And I remember, I said, “I’ve heard that people with Down syndrome can experience joy.”
    0:43:09 And he said, “I wouldn’t know about that.”
    0:43:12 And I was like, “Yeah, no, I think they can.”
    0:43:16 And right then everything changed for me.
    0:43:19 I waddled around Harvard, pregnant out to here.
    0:43:20 Everybody knew.
    0:43:24 And I would go into my professor’s offices and they’d be like, “You’ve got to put this
    0:43:25 child in an institution.
    0:43:27 You’re throwing away your career.”
    0:43:31 And I’d look at their little offices and their little piles of books and I’d just, I’d look
    0:43:34 at them and think, “Are you in joy?
    0:43:37 Do you live in joy?”
    0:43:41 Because if you don’t, you can’t tell me where it is.
    0:43:47 And I lost the obsession with intellect that I had learned not only at Harvard, but in
    0:43:49 all of Western culture.
    0:43:51 That’s when it really shifted for me.
    0:43:58 I mean, that’s a powerful story and I’m sure we’ll come back to pieces of it.
    0:44:06 How do you then elicit that realization or teach people to re-engage with sensitivities
    0:44:12 that they’ve perhaps neglected or accidentally put offline or deliberately put offline?
    0:44:13 How do you cultivate that in some way?
    0:44:14 I can’t teach it.
    0:44:15 I can’t cultivate it.
    0:44:16 I can’t do it.
    0:44:24 But I have an unfailing ally and its name is suffering because when we lose the track
    0:44:30 of our joy, we suffer and that’s the only thing that gets our attention enough to make
    0:44:37 us stop and say, “Maybe, just maybe, I need to find another path here.”
    0:44:38 You’ve had it yourself.
    0:44:39 I’m sure.
    0:44:40 Oh, for sure.
    0:44:45 I promised I would book Marguerite and come back to it just to give Boyd a little sloppy
    0:44:47 kiss on the cheek again.
    0:44:52 Something else that I’m pretty sure was in that book, it certainly was in the curriculum
    0:44:57 when I’ve spent more time there with Renia’s and Alex and other incredible trackers.
    0:45:01 Finding the track is part of tracking.
    0:45:02 That is always part of tracking.
    0:45:07 You are almost never going to A to Z track something perfectly.
    0:45:09 You always lose the track.
    0:45:15 Part of good tracking is finding the track again or finding a proper track.
    0:45:23 In the case of Boyd, he’s on the path of not here, unsure of what to do with himself.
    0:45:27 I’m sort of imposing a narrative that I don’t want to…
    0:45:28 He’s not here.
    0:45:29 He can’t defend himself.
    0:45:30 Let’s just do this.
    0:45:31 Yeah.
    0:45:32 He can’t defend himself.
    0:45:33 You’re welcome, Boyd.
    0:45:34 Just using him as a stand-in for the audience.
    0:45:37 No, because we love him so much.
    0:45:38 We love him so much.
    0:45:39 What are some of the things?
    0:45:44 Once you’d fed him ice cream and had him relax, you see the shoulders open.
    0:45:45 What happens then?
    0:45:46 What do you do with?
    0:45:50 Once you see that opening, that change, what do you do?
    0:45:54 The first thing that happened for me when Boyd took me tracking, we went to look for
    0:45:55 a rhinoceros.
    0:45:59 They’re fairly easy to track, surprisingly difficult, though, at the same time.
    0:46:04 The first thing they do is they show you what a rhinoceros track looks like, clear, plain
    0:46:06 and simple and really good terrain.
    0:46:10 Now you know what a rhinoceros’s whole foot looks like, and you’re going to go out through
    0:46:14 grass and rocks and trees and everything, and sometimes you’ll just see the side of
    0:46:21 one toe or an imprint where the palm has pressed a leaf down or a bit of mud on a stick.
    0:46:25 But until you’ve seen that first track, you don’t know what you’re looking for.
    0:46:28 So that’s why I fed him ice cream for three days.
    0:46:32 And when I saw the relaxation, I could say, “That’s your track.
    0:46:35 Now let’s look at the things you’re doing in your life.”
    0:46:39 His mom was telling him, she thought, “You should get a PhD.”
    0:46:42 And I said, “Okay, hold that thought.
    0:46:44 More joy, less joy, less.”
    0:46:47 Okay, don’t go there.
    0:46:49 So take over Londolosie for the rest of your life.
    0:46:50 More joy, less joy.
    0:46:51 I don’t know, it’s not clear.
    0:46:53 Okay, we don’t go there yet.
    0:46:55 It’s like going to the optometrist at that point.
    0:46:58 You know suffering and you know joy.
    0:47:01 And if it’s more like suffering, it’s the path of not there.
    0:47:04 And there are a million ways to suffer.
    0:47:07 And if it’s joy, you know it’s the path of yes.
    0:47:12 And there’s actually only one path that takes you straight along the line of joy.
    0:47:15 And it’s your individual destiny, I believe in that stuff.
    0:47:16 All right.
    0:47:18 I’m going to be keeping track of a lot of bookmarks.
    0:47:19 I knew I would.
    0:47:21 So I came prepared, pen in hand.
    0:47:23 For those of you who can’t see us, I cheat.
    0:47:24 I use a pen.
    0:47:30 The pen is, I know the weakest ink is stronger than the strongest memory, therefore, blue
    0:47:31 pen.
    0:47:34 So individual destiny, that’s my note I’m taking.
    0:47:38 And I didn’t even add a question mark because I probably agree with you on some levels.
    0:47:41 Let’s talk about your own chronology a bit.
    0:47:47 And I believe it was at 29, correct me if I’m wrong, you decide to not tell any lies
    0:47:49 for an entire year.
    0:47:53 Now my understanding is that led to losing your family of origin, your religion, your
    0:47:54 job, your marriage.
    0:47:57 So it was an eventful year.
    0:48:02 My home, my career, my entire industry, yeah, it was quite a brisk year.
    0:48:03 It was brisk.
    0:48:07 So it was like the flamethrower approach to personal development.
    0:48:15 Why did you do this and what did you take away from it that other people can use?
    0:48:16 Why did I do it?
    0:48:17 Yeah.
    0:48:19 I’d like to say I had noble intentions.
    0:48:20 I was unhappy.
    0:48:22 I was very physically ill.
    0:48:25 I’d been sick at that point for 12 years.
    0:48:28 So in chronic pain for 12 years.
    0:48:32 And I had this baby with Down syndrome and I thought, nobody at Harvard is going to,
    0:48:34 I just didn’t want them all staring at me.
    0:48:38 So to finish my dissertation, I went back to Utah where I knew that everybody would
    0:48:43 be thrilled with me not having an abortion, which they were, but then they assumed that
    0:48:51 I was super Mormon and I tried to fit in just out of respect for my culture of origin.
    0:48:55 Can you just say a quick, quick sidebar on your father and who your father was?
    0:48:57 I think this is useful context.
    0:48:59 Not just any run of the mill.
    0:49:01 No, he was not.
    0:49:07 My father was an apologist, which is a word for somebody who defends the principles of
    0:49:08 a religion.
    0:49:12 So Mormonism makes a lot of truth claims about things like the American Indians are descended
    0:49:19 from a group of Israelites that came over in a ship in 600 BC and lots of like real
    0:49:22 archeological anthropological truth claims.
    0:49:24 They don’t stand up well under modern science.
    0:49:28 And my father, he was asked to be an apologist for the church.
    0:49:33 He was a professor at Berkeley and they brought him back to BYU Brigham Young University and
    0:49:38 he started defending Mormonism against all attacks.
    0:49:44 And he became very well known in the church and he is the foremost apologist of Mormonism,
    0:49:46 I think in the church’s history.
    0:49:50 So I was considered Mormon royalty.
    0:49:53 They have a whole structure there.
    0:49:59 So I went back to Utah and tried to be a good Mormon.
    0:50:03 At the time, they came out and said there was a lot of unrest.
    0:50:07 People were just learning too much and the internet wasn’t a thing yet, but there were
    0:50:13 just too many scientists doing too much research and finding out too much stuff that was disproving
    0:50:15 Mormonism’s claims.
    0:50:21 So the church got very, very upset and came out and said that three greatest threats to
    0:50:28 God’s kingdom in the latter days were feminists, intellectuals and gay people.
    0:50:32 So turned out I was all three.
    0:50:34 I didn’t identify as gay at the time.
    0:50:37 I was married with children, so I was closeted to myself.
    0:50:41 That involves a lot of suffering that you don’t understand when you’re going through
    0:50:42 it.
    0:50:46 I had sexual abuse issues from my father when I was a child.
    0:50:52 Those were bashing their way to the surface and coming out in flashbacks and it was gnarly.
    0:50:58 And the one thing I knew is that when I heard the statement, “The truth will set you free,”
    0:51:01 it brought me a sense of joy, a sense of peace.
    0:51:06 So I thought, “I don’t know exactly what to do or what the truth is, so I’m just not
    0:51:09 going to lie for a year and we’ll see what happens.
    0:51:11 We’ll find out what the truth is.”
    0:51:15 And I found out that mostly what I was lying about, I didn’t tell lies about my taxes or
    0:51:20 anything, or in my personal life even, I was telling lies about how I felt.
    0:51:22 I feel fine.
    0:51:23 I wouldn’t say that anymore.
    0:51:28 People would say, “How are you?” and I’d say, “Not well.”
    0:51:33 And you start to do that, try it for a couple of days.
    0:51:37 Don’t tell a single lie not to anyone for any reason.
    0:51:44 And pretty soon, every relationship you have, professional or personal, where there’s any
    0:51:48 level of secrecy or untruth, begins to fall apart.
    0:51:50 And then it starts to explode.
    0:51:52 And that’s what happened to me.
    0:51:57 I just kept seeing what I believed until I realized I’m not Mormon.
    0:51:58 I don’t believe in it at all.
    0:52:02 So I actually committed the once-in-worse-than-murder.
    0:52:03 I laughed.
    0:52:05 I said, “Please take my name off the church records.
    0:52:06 I am not Mormon.”
    0:52:08 So everyone thought I was going to outer darkness.
    0:52:10 They probably still do.
    0:52:16 So my family stopped speaking to me and then I realized I was gay.
    0:52:17 So was my husband.
    0:52:18 That was sort of convenient.
    0:52:25 So it was very amicable, but I also realized that I loved to learn, but I hated being caught
    0:52:28 up in academic politics.
    0:52:30 So I left my job.
    0:52:32 Everything went away when I stopped lying.
    0:52:37 And everything that was left was the path of joy.
    0:52:43 Now, this may not be the right question, but what gave you the courage to risk burning
    0:52:45 it all to the ground?
    0:52:46 Or was it not courage at all?
    0:52:51 It was just, “This is suffering, and I want something other than this suffering.”
    0:52:55 And so you were just kind of rolling the dice on door number two.
    0:53:00 The suffering was bad, but it wasn’t bad enough to make me endure the suffering of losing
    0:53:01 my family.
    0:53:07 I mean, seven siblings, all their wives and husbands and my nieces and nephews, and everyone,
    0:53:09 every friend I’d made growing up.
    0:53:16 I couldn’t have done that, but right, I think I made that pledge the day after I came out
    0:53:19 of an emergency surgery.
    0:53:24 And I’ve been told that you are willing to entertain woo-woo things.
    0:53:25 It’s Wednesday, right?
    0:53:26 Yes.
    0:53:27 It’s a skeptic’s eye.
    0:53:28 Woo-woo Wednesday.
    0:53:29 It’s woo-woo Wednesday.
    0:53:32 So I’m rushed in for surgery.
    0:53:37 Actually, I was teaching a psychology class, and I was behind a one-way mirror, and the
    0:53:42 students started to talk about, it was a free discussion I was observing.
    0:53:46 And they started to talk about a number of the women had been raped.
    0:53:54 And I suddenly got really hot and feverish, and I ran into the hall and passed out cold.
    0:53:55 I fell down.
    0:53:56 I looked up.
    0:53:57 All the students were around me.
    0:54:03 I got rushed to the hospital, and they thought I had a tumor in a very intimate place.
    0:54:10 They immediately put me in surgery, and while I was lying there, I woke up and looked at
    0:54:15 the surgical lights, which is odd because my eyes were taped closed.
    0:54:18 And then I thought, this is odd that I can see.
    0:54:22 And I sat up, which was strange because my body was on the table.
    0:54:25 And I looked around, and I watched them operating on me.
    0:54:26 And they said, there’s no tumor.
    0:54:27 It’s just blood.
    0:54:31 This is scar tissue from old trauma.
    0:54:36 And then I lay back, and I thought, I don’t know what’s happening to me.
    0:54:41 And between the surgical lights, another light appeared.
    0:54:44 And it was about the size of a golf ball when I first saw it.
    0:54:50 And they say we can only see about a trillionth of the available light spectrum.
    0:54:53 And I think this light had all of it.
    0:54:55 You can’t describe it.
    0:54:58 It was the most beautiful thing I had ever seen.
    0:55:01 It was absolutely captivating.
    0:55:05 And as I looked at it, it grew, and it seemed to sort of penetrate things instead of bouncing
    0:55:06 off them.
    0:55:10 And when it touched me, this incredible warmth.
    0:55:15 I mean, talk about going from 12 years of chronic pain, a lot of psychological suffering,
    0:55:24 to no suffering, zero absolute joy, beauty, warmth, physical, emotional, every kind of
    0:55:27 warmth you can imagine, and laughter.
    0:55:30 There was so much joy in this light.
    0:55:32 And I was laughing with it.
    0:55:40 And I heard the surgeons say to the anesthesiologist, she’s crying, and I started crying from happiness.
    0:55:46 And they could see tears coming out, and they thought that I could feel the pain.
    0:55:51 So the anesthesiologist was going to give me more medication, and I talked to him the
    0:55:54 next day to make sure it wasn’t a drug event.
    0:56:00 And he said that a voice had told him, don’t increase the anesthesia, she’s crying because
    0:56:01 she’s happy.
    0:56:04 And he said, did I do the wrong thing?
    0:56:06 That never happened to me before.
    0:56:07 So that was odd.
    0:56:12 Anyway, basically, the light was saying to me, you totally bought this whole thing about
    0:56:14 you’re just a physical thing, and then you die.
    0:56:18 And I was like, I know, I said I wasn’t going to forget, and then I totally forgot.
    0:56:22 And we were laughing and laughing and laughing.
    0:56:25 And then it said, look, you’re going to go through something really horrible that I’m
    0:56:26 always here.
    0:56:27 I’m right here.
    0:56:28 I’ve always been here.
    0:56:30 I always will be.
    0:56:35 And I woke up in the recovery room, and there was this guy who was there from the prison on
    0:56:40 some sort of work detail, and he was mopping the floor in this room where I woke up and
    0:56:43 I looked at him and I said, I love you so much.
    0:56:48 He’s like, I’m not even getting paid for this.
    0:56:52 He went to get the nurses.
    0:56:53 Yeah.
    0:56:57 And I was just, I was like, do people cry?
    0:56:59 And they said, yes, surgery is traumatic.
    0:57:02 And I’m like, no, do they cry because they’re happy?
    0:57:05 And they were like, no, really.
    0:57:14 So yeah, the next day, the big thing was I’m never doing anything that makes me feel separated
    0:57:16 from that light, not ever.
    0:57:18 And lying was the first thing to go.
    0:57:22 There’s still, to this day, one of the weird things about experiences like that is they
    0:57:29 don’t fade is always right there with you in every choice you make.
    0:57:32 And that’s what gave me the ability to do everything else.
    0:57:35 All right, I have quite a few follow-up questions.
    0:57:36 Thank you for sharing that.
    0:57:39 The broadest question is what do you make of that experience?
    0:57:46 The other, and you can tackle these in whichever order, but did you talk to the surgeon and
    0:57:50 other personnel about what you observed them saying?
    0:57:58 Yeah, the surgeon came in and was oddly tender with me, I mean, really, really tender.
    0:58:01 And I think the reason was that what had happened was I was bleeding internally from a lot of
    0:58:06 scar tissue that had happened when I was sexually abused, very young.
    0:58:10 And they knew that some kind of violence must have caused that.
    0:58:15 So they said, yeah, we don’t really understand why you suddenly started bleeding internally,
    0:58:19 but it was putting pressure and we just had to drain the wound and leave it open.
    0:58:23 And so that’s what I said, do you know anything about the anesthesia?
    0:58:29 They went and got the anesthesiologist and he came back and I started just quizzing
    0:58:30 him.
    0:58:31 So what did you give me?
    0:58:32 What are the effects?
    0:58:33 What do people report?
    0:58:34 What are the side effects?
    0:58:35 Can I have some more?
    0:58:42 Finally, he just said, look, just tell me what happened in there because this thing happened
    0:58:43 to me.
    0:58:47 And that’s when he told me about the voice telling him, don’t give her more anesthesia.
    0:58:50 And I said, yeah, you did the right thing.
    0:58:54 And he said, you know, how many times this has happened to me in 33 years of medical
    0:58:55 practice?
    0:58:56 I said, no.
    0:58:57 And he said, once.
    0:59:02 And then he kissed me on the forehead and left and wrote me a letter later about it.
    0:59:05 He said it was not a drug effect.
    0:59:07 Plus, he had a woo-woo experience as well.
    0:59:08 So take that.
    0:59:09 Got it.
    0:59:11 So what do you make of that experience?
    0:59:16 I have been making of it, you know, I started meditating and thinking about it.
    0:59:20 And I think about it every single day and it’s been many years since then.
    0:59:24 And what I make of it right now, first of all, I love, it’s kind of like the path of
    0:59:25 not there.
    0:59:27 Don’t know mind.
    0:59:33 I believe in the Zen or any Buddhist concept of don’t know mind that in the beginner’s
    0:59:35 mind, there are many possibilities in the expert’s mind.
    0:59:38 There are few and that none of us really knows anything.
    0:59:42 And in particular, we have no idea what consciousness is.
    0:59:48 I’ve studied physics, I’ve studied philosophy, theology, nobody has a clue what consciousness
    0:59:49 is.
    0:59:53 And neurologist said nobody even knows what it would be like to have an idea about what
    0:59:55 consciousness is.
    1:00:01 So what I make of it now is that consciousness is the primary reality of the universe.
    1:00:07 And I do believe in the Copenhagen version of quantum mechanics that the observation
    1:00:13 of consciousness is making what is merely energetic appear physical.
    1:00:18 And I believe that everything is full of consciousness and that light was a representation
    1:00:19 of consciousness.
    1:00:26 But I also believe that this glass is a representation of consciousness and that you are and that
    1:00:32 a tree is and then a rock is everything is brimming with that light.
    1:00:38 My son actually 19 years after they told me he was going to ruin my life, we were going
    1:00:45 home from the funeral of his friend’s mother, his best friend’s mother, she died.
    1:00:46 And I was horrible.
    1:00:49 And he said, “Mom, I didn’t cry at the funeral.”
    1:00:55 And I said, “Yeah, but you can cry, strongmen cry when things are sad and this is sad.”
    1:00:57 And this is a kid who barely talks.
    1:01:02 He said, “Well, it’s not so bad once the light comes and opens your heart.”
    1:01:03 And I said, “What?
    1:01:05 A light came and opened your heart?”
    1:01:06 And he said, “Mhm.”
    1:01:08 I said, “Well, when did this happen?”
    1:01:11 He said, “May 10th.”
    1:01:15 This was in February and I was like, “So, what happened?”
    1:01:19 So he told me he was in his room, he was having a struggle, he was 13 years old, this was
    1:01:25 years before and a light appeared in his room and touched him and he said, “It told him
    1:01:27 you can do this.”
    1:01:30 And I said, “Well, I’ve seen that light too.”
    1:01:33 And he looked at me like, “Wow, I didn’t think you had it in you.”
    1:01:39 And I said, “And it told me that it’s always with us even though we can’t see it.”
    1:01:42 And he said, “Oh, I can see it.”
    1:01:44 And I said, “You can?”
    1:01:45 He said, “Yeah.”
    1:01:47 I said, “Like right now?
    1:01:48 Of course.”
    1:01:49 He was like, “Yes.”
    1:01:51 I said, “Well, where is it?
    1:01:52 Is it like up there?
    1:01:53 Is it down here?
    1:01:54 Is it in your heart?”
    1:01:58 And he just shook his head at me and he said, “Mom, it’s everywhere.
    1:01:59 That’s the world I live in.”
    1:02:00 All right.
    1:02:03 So, yeah, I feel like you and I are probably going to have quite a few conversations.
    1:02:05 Ooh, I hope so.
    1:02:12 Not enough records, so to be continued, I’m going to maybe just take a slight side step
    1:02:15 to integrity cleanse.
    1:02:21 If somebody wanted to do an integrity cleanse or attempt what you did, but with the lessons
    1:02:29 learned, maybe they are not willing to go full throttle, how would you suggest they
    1:02:30 do that?
    1:02:34 Because most people listening, myself included, have never attempted something like this.
    1:02:38 And just as a quick, humorous sidebar, I’ll say if people want to read something very
    1:02:43 funny, there is an article, it’s an old article from Esquire called, “I Think You’re Fat”
    1:02:48 by a friend of mine, AJ Jacobs, and it’s about his experiments with radical candor.
    1:02:51 And his wife was like, “How do I look on this?”
    1:02:52 And he’s like, “I think you’re fat.”
    1:02:56 And you can imagine, it didn’t go super well.
    1:02:57 Oh, goodness.
    1:03:00 He learned a lot, but ultimately it was a pretty tough experiment.
    1:03:02 So what would you suggest to people?
    1:03:07 And what is an integrity cleanse and what’s the kind of like white belt, blue belt, black
    1:03:10 belt version or however you would like to answer that?
    1:03:12 Let’s do the white belt first.
    1:03:13 Take a smaller time period.
    1:03:21 I said a year, take three days a week, and you don’t have to say everything you think,
    1:03:26 but you do have to be aware when you’re saying something that you don’t believe.
    1:03:33 So have a little journal or something so that you can, when you lie to someone else and
    1:03:41 most lies are told to smooth social interactions and nobody says you look fat.
    1:03:47 So just note in a little book, okay, I said this, but what was I actually thinking?
    1:03:52 So somebody said to me, “Oh, we’d love you to come out and visit.”
    1:03:54 And I said, “Sure, sometime.”
    1:03:57 But you write down, okay, that was a lie.
    1:04:01 I would rather die a thousand times than go to stay with these people, whatever.
    1:04:04 Write the truth down in your little notebook for yourself.
    1:04:06 That’s the path of the truth.
    1:04:07 Everything else is the path of not there.
    1:04:08 It’s just mushy.
    1:04:13 I wrote a whole book on this based on the divine comedy because Dante starts that book
    1:04:17 just saying, “In the middle of my life, I found myself just wandering through this horrible
    1:04:22 dart wilderness and I had no idea how I got there or where to go because I’d lost the
    1:04:26 true path and then he shows how you find the true path.”
    1:04:30 So most of us are doing that and the way you find the true path is to start writing down
    1:04:34 the things that are true after you’ve said the things that are not true.
    1:04:37 Just do that for three days.
    1:04:39 That’s the white belt.
    1:04:45 Blue belt, pick a month and have a friend where you speak the whole truth to another
    1:04:49 person, even if it’s a therapist or at a 12-step group or something.
    1:04:51 You want to go black belt all in.
    1:04:54 This is what I try to do.
    1:04:59 No lying ever, but you don’t have to say much.
    1:05:02 Consider if what you have to say is an improvement upon silence.
    1:05:04 It can be mute for a month.
    1:05:10 No, you end up finding out that you say it if it’s true, kind, and useful and not very
    1:05:12 few things are all three.
    1:05:18 But don’t lie even with your actions or with your facial expression or anything.
    1:05:20 Don’t eat a bite of food you don’t want.
    1:05:21 Don’t lie.
    1:05:23 I like to be tough on these things.
    1:05:25 I used to run 100 miles a week.
    1:05:29 Now I will be like, “I will never do anything false.”
    1:05:31 And it’s fun and rigorous.
    1:05:36 It is rigorous, I would imagine.
    1:05:43 All right, so quick tactical question for people who want to maybe get somewhere between
    1:05:44 the blue and black.
    1:05:49 They’re going to make an attempt at fewer lies, more truth, so not just becoming aware
    1:05:52 of it but actually changing some behavior.
    1:05:55 You mentioned defensive, you mentioned rigorous.
    1:06:00 Somebody who is being truthful is going to say no in some form a lot more than someone
    1:06:02 who’s being untruthful.
    1:06:10 What are some of your go-to phrases or the language that you like to use that is, I don’t
    1:06:14 know if I think you’re fat, maybe it is.
    1:06:20 In terms of saying no to the many things that would otherwise consume your time and your
    1:06:21 life.
    1:06:26 Most people when they want to say no and they don’t know how to say it will try to become
    1:06:30 victim to me and say, “I can’t because of this, this, and this,” which is horrible because
    1:06:33 the person always thinks of a way out of those things.
    1:06:38 I love this quote from Julius Caesar, Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar, where his wife says, “Don’t go
    1:06:42 to the Senate, I had a horrible nightmare, you’re going to get stabbed.”
    1:06:48 So the guy comes to get him and he says, “Go tell the council, Caesar will not come.
    1:06:52 That I cannot is false, that I dare not, false or still.
    1:06:57 No, go tell the council Caesar will not come.”
    1:07:00 Boom, that is my model.
    1:07:04 And there have been really good studies that show that to get out of depression, one study
    1:07:09 had control group, a group that had therapy, a group that had meds, and a group that did
    1:07:13 nothing but eliminate the words, “I can’t and I have to,” from their responses.
    1:07:18 Instead, they had to say, “I choose not to, I choose to, I will, I won’t.”
    1:07:22 And they came out of their depression faster than any of the other groups.
    1:07:28 Every verbal thing we say that is not true hurts our bodies, hurts our psyches and leads
    1:07:30 us to anxiety and depression.
    1:07:36 So in that case, keep a book that says you’ll have to deal with the people who don’t like
    1:07:39 you saying, “No, I’ve lost a lot of friends this way.
    1:07:42 Friends that perhaps needed losing.”
    1:07:48 But I always say, just think, know what you really know about something, okay.
    1:07:50 Feel what you really feel.
    1:07:54 Say what you really mean, at least to yourself in your notebook, and then do what you really
    1:07:55 want.
    1:08:01 And that sounds so self-serving, but in fact, it’s quite stoical.
    1:08:04 I know you follow the stoics and the hedonists, they were weirdly similar.
    1:08:11 Like, they’ll do what is true, because it’s more felicitous to them in every way.
    1:08:16 So have a notebook where you write down what you would do if you were being really honest.
    1:08:21 And then after a while, once you know what you’re dealing with, start to become that
    1:08:25 person in the way you actually conduct your life.
    1:08:30 And as you make mistakes and as you don’t keep your commitments, forgive yourself.
    1:08:38 Because one of the things I’ve found is that it’s never true to hate yourself or to condemn
    1:08:39 yourself.
    1:08:40 It’s never true.
    1:08:41 What do you mean by that?
    1:08:44 We are such little monkeys, you know.
    1:08:49 I just got back from Costa Rica and we had a fabulous monkey encounter.
    1:08:52 And they had this fear expression.
    1:08:54 And they were afraid of so many things.
    1:08:56 And I just thought, “We had this far from them.
    1:09:00 All we’ve got is shoes to differentiate us from them.”
    1:09:03 And we’re terrified of everything all the time.
    1:09:07 And most of us are really doing our best, and we have all kinds of socialization, weirdness.
    1:09:10 Our brains get reconditioned and rewired for fear.
    1:09:15 If you’re not an integrity and you didn’t manage to pull it off and be honest in a
    1:09:20 hard situation, kindness and gentleness are the truth.
    1:09:24 I actually wrote a book that’s coming out next year after I wrote The Way of Integrity,
    1:09:30 because I was so tough on myself in the integrity thing, and it was making people anxious.
    1:09:37 And there’s a level beyond just telling the truth, and it is called compassion.
    1:09:39 And it’s truer.
    1:09:46 So forgive me while I get really nitty gritty with maybe a mundane question, but it’s building
    1:09:48 on what we were just talking about.
    1:09:49 And I’ll give an example.
    1:09:56 So we were first corresponding via email, and I was exploring the potential for maybe
    1:10:00 doing something in person, which is not to say you didn’t want to do that.
    1:10:04 But the logistics were going to work out, and you had a line that was something along the
    1:10:10 lines of, “I would love to do in person, but I can’t do it a life Tetris,” something
    1:10:11 like that.
    1:10:12 And I was like, “Life Tetris?
    1:10:13 Do it a life Tetris?”
    1:10:15 That is a good phrase I’m going to steal.
    1:10:20 And so I’m wondering- You can’t steal it because I give it to you freely.
    1:10:21 Oh, thank you.
    1:10:23 I will gratefully receive then this phrase.
    1:10:31 I’m wondering if, let’s just say, hypothetical example, really close friend of yours, and
    1:10:39 his wife, so a male friend, his wife invites you to a costume party on a Thursday night.
    1:10:43 And in your mind, you’re like, “I’d rather throw myself face first through a play class
    1:10:47 window than go to a costume party on a Thursday night.”
    1:10:48 For any number of reasons.
    1:10:49 Right?
    1:10:50 Like perfectly nice person.
    1:10:51 You do not want to go to this thing.
    1:10:55 What do you know would be meaningful to her?
    1:10:59 You know it would therefore be meaningful to the husband who might have to deal with
    1:11:03 some flak who knows, like back channel if you say, yada, yada, yada, but you really
    1:11:04 don’t want to go.
    1:11:05 What do you say?
    1:11:09 I would say something like, “What else could we do together?”
    1:11:12 This actually is a really effective thing when you’re raising a child.
    1:11:15 If you just say no, it leaves them with no options.
    1:11:19 They don’t know what to do with their feelings and none of us ever really grows up.
    1:11:24 So when somebody says that, you say, “Ah, what else could we do together?”
    1:11:29 If you love them and you care about them, you want to do something with them.
    1:11:30 It’s just not that.
    1:11:34 If you don’t want to be around them at all, it’s time to say no to the costume party
    1:11:38 and get rid of those people and not get rid of them, but, you know, cut them loose.
    1:11:45 So when I started asking people to do things with me that I wanted to do, everybody’s
    1:11:47 life got better.
    1:11:51 I had so much fun and I didn’t have all the awful things where I was pretending to have
    1:11:53 fun when I wasn’t.
    1:11:56 Could you give an example of just what that looks like?
    1:12:00 Somebody comes to you and they’re like, “Let’s do A,” or, “Please do A,” and you’re
    1:12:03 like, “Ah,” and you’re minding, “Body, I don’t really want to do A.”
    1:12:04 What might be an example?
    1:12:05 It could be made up.
    1:12:06 No, it doesn’t have to be made up.
    1:12:11 I’ve been actually working this through, have you interviewed Liz Gilbert?
    1:12:12 I have.
    1:12:13 Yeah.
    1:12:14 It’s been a few years.
    1:12:15 We’re going to talk you down.
    1:12:16 She’s so much fun.
    1:12:21 We’re going to figure out how to do live events and our schedules haven’t jived very much
    1:12:26 and we had the same speaking agent and there was some conflict over that and I finally
    1:12:32 had to just go to her and say, “I don’t think it works for us to have the same speaking
    1:12:34 agent when we go and we’re creating events together.”
    1:12:40 It was kind of hard to say that because we both really love this agent, but Liz and
    1:12:45 she are really, really close so I thought it might upset her and maybe it did, but the
    1:12:51 fact is it was true and so she didn’t bat an eye.
    1:12:57 She just said, “Whatever makes it more fun and gives us more ease when we’re together,
    1:12:58 great.
    1:13:02 We want our friendship to be as much fun, as joyful as it can be.”
    1:13:05 That was the track and it was a little awkward but it worked.
    1:13:09 Last time I won’t beat this dead horse any further, but any other language that you find
    1:13:10 helpful?
    1:13:14 For people who have trouble saying no, is there any starter language, we’re like, “Try
    1:13:15 this on for size.”
    1:13:20 For some reason, when you said any other language, I literally thought of Chinese.
    1:13:24 Yeah, exactly, just respond in a different language.
    1:13:26 Right, I don’t speak a language.
    1:13:27 What?
    1:13:28 I’m showing when.
    1:13:36 I remember the most awkward, oh, Tim, when I was freaking out about my family and the
    1:13:40 sexual abuse and everything, my mother called me and said, “We hadn’t seen you for a while.
    1:13:42 We’d really let, we miss you.”
    1:13:47 I had just taken this pledge and I said to her, “I miss the concept of having parents.”
    1:13:48 Oh, wow.
    1:13:52 Because it was the truest thing I could say.
    1:13:53 Whoa!
    1:13:54 Return volley strong.
    1:13:57 Yeah, but I didn’t want to hurt her.
    1:14:02 I had to tell the truth because that light was still right there and I hadn’t gotten
    1:14:04 any experience being skillful.
    1:14:06 Here’s another bit of language.
    1:14:08 Know what you really know and feel, what you really feel.
    1:14:12 For me, it might be something like, “Oh, you know what?
    1:14:13 Lunch sounds great.
    1:14:15 Breakfast is just too early for me.
    1:14:16 I’d be miserable.”
    1:14:17 That’s just the truth.
    1:14:19 I’m not being a victim.
    1:14:20 I’m just telling them the truth.
    1:14:21 I’m not a morning person.
    1:14:28 So you sort of claim your right to joy and you make it really clear that you want them
    1:14:33 to have joy and you expect yourself to have joy and no one has to keep secrets or cross
    1:14:38 boundaries that are hurtful in order to make the other person feel good.
    1:14:39 It’s not true.
    1:14:44 And a relationship built on that, it isn’t a real relationship, it’ll fall apart.
    1:14:50 There’s so much manipulation going on where people are pretending to do things that each
    1:14:53 other like and both of them are miserable.
    1:14:59 Yeah, there was a piece and I think it was McSweeney’s, well, there was a tweet and then
    1:15:04 there was an actual written piece that resembled this, but it said, “Being an adult,” this
    1:15:05 was a tweet.
    1:15:10 I wish I had the attribution, “Being an adult is saying, “So sorry for getting back to you
    1:15:15 so late over and over again until both of you die,” something like that and sorry for
    1:15:17 the delayed response.
    1:15:21 I like the cartoon where the guy is holding the phone and going, “What about never?
    1:15:22 Does never work for you?”
    1:15:24 Yeah, the New Yorker, that’s amazing piece.
    1:15:28 So when there is someone where you’re like, “You know what, this is just not a relationship
    1:15:33 I want in my life,” how do you break up with those people?
    1:15:35 You do what you really want to do.
    1:15:39 I remember I had one friend, she wanted to come stay with me, I didn’t want her to come
    1:15:45 and I remember saying, “Let me think about it,” and then we had a conversation later
    1:15:50 where she was very, very upset and she said, “You paused and you had to think about it
    1:15:56 and we were friends,” and I said, “Yeah, sometimes I have to think about it.”
    1:16:00 And she said, “Well, is it that you had something else going on or did you really not want me
    1:16:01 there?”
    1:16:06 And I was pinned to the wall and it was physically painful to speak the truth, but it would
    1:16:08 have been more painful not to.
    1:16:12 So I said, “Yeah, I really, I wasn’t in a place where our energies were going to work
    1:16:13 well together.
    1:16:17 I just did not feel like it would be good for either one of us.”
    1:16:22 After a while, a few of those and they’ll break up with you, I promise.
    1:16:27 You just tell the truth and people go away.
    1:16:29 That’s joy.
    1:16:34 All right, so I am going to ask you about anxiety.
    1:16:36 I want to ask quite a few questions about that.
    1:16:40 Before we get to that, so you had some Mandarin pop up, I feel like we should give people
    1:16:41 a little bit of context.
    1:16:49 So you’ve lived in Asia, you’ve studied not just East Asian languages, but also philosophies.
    1:16:54 This is just the sidebar that I thought you might find entertaining, which is I was in
    1:16:58 Greece many, many, many years ago.
    1:17:03 And when something is completely foreign alien, unintelligible in English, you say, “Wow,
    1:17:04 it’s all Greek to me.”
    1:17:10 And then I realized, well, if you’re a Greek person, in Greek, you see something you don’t
    1:17:11 understand.
    1:17:13 You can’t say it’s all Greek to me because that’s your native language.
    1:17:14 So what do you guys say?
    1:17:16 And they’re like, “Oh, yeah, good question.”
    1:17:20 It’s all Chinese to me.
    1:17:25 So if you’re Greek, it’s all Chinese to me, which I thought was great.
    1:17:28 That’s fabulous.
    1:17:36 How has your experience with Asia, Asian languages, philosophies influenced who you are or what
    1:17:37 you do?
    1:17:39 Let’s just say in a coaching capacity.
    1:17:43 Yeah, this was before I had kids or any of the other stuff happened.
    1:17:49 I went over and spent a year studying Chinese at a research center in Singapore, and then
    1:17:53 I worked in Japan and studied that for a while.
    1:17:59 And I wasn’t particularly interested at the time in the philosophy, in the deeper wisdom
    1:18:01 of the Asian cultures.
    1:18:06 I just saw people offering oranges at little stands on the road and thought, “Oh, that’s
    1:18:07 weird.”
    1:18:09 And I went back to Harvard.
    1:18:14 So I did my junior year in Singapore, and I went back to Harvard.
    1:18:21 And I remember sitting in classes and thinking, “Why do you people assume so much?
    1:18:24 You just assume so much.”
    1:18:30 Like there’s this edifice of stuff you believe that I see no evidence for.
    1:18:35 And as I went on studying the languages and philosophies of Asia, they have a reverse
    1:18:37 idea of perfection.
    1:18:43 So in the monotheistic Western religions, you are born imperfect, you’re an imperfect
    1:18:48 original sinning mess, and your job is to get better and better and more godlike until
    1:18:50 you can be godlike.
    1:18:52 You have to get better and better and learn more and more.
    1:19:01 In Asia, the idea is you’re formed completely perfect, and you accrue illusions as you
    1:19:02 grow up.
    1:19:08 So a baby comes in completely innocent and sees that people react nicely when the baby
    1:19:12 smiles and they don’t like it when the baby cries, and suddenly they start betraying themselves
    1:19:14 by smiling when they want to cry.
    1:19:20 As the dawn of the loss of integrity, everyone does it, we’re a social species.
    1:19:25 But in Asia, when you set out to be free from suffering, you drop your illusions.
    1:19:29 So like the illusion, “I should be cheerful all the time.”
    1:19:32 If it causes suffering, it has to go.
    1:19:37 In the Daudijing, my very favorite book, it says, “In the pursuit of knowledge every
    1:19:41 day something is added, in the pursuit of enlightenment of a Dau, every day something
    1:19:43 is dropped.”
    1:19:49 So you know less and less until you arrive at non-action, and when nothing is done, nothing
    1:19:50 remains undone.
    1:19:58 I remember thinking, “That is so cool, but I don’t know why.”
    1:20:01 And yeah, that was even before the white light and everything.
    1:20:03 I was already sort of on that path.
    1:20:06 And now everything appears to me to be illusion.
    1:20:09 All my thoughts are illusion.
    1:20:16 And truth is something that I can feel or participate in as consciousness, but I’ve just been dropping
    1:20:20 and dropping and dropping my illusions, and I try to do that every day.
    1:20:25 So we’ve been jointly baking a nice conversational cake, I just want to put a little icing on
    1:20:29 the top and then we’re going to segue to anxiety, and then we’re going to make, who
    1:20:33 knows, we’ll make a meringue pie or a key lime pie maybe, a carrot cake perhaps out
    1:20:34 of anxiety.
    1:20:41 You would probably go on The Great British Baking Show and out bake everyone in Britain.
    1:20:46 Well, you know, sometimes when kids go through or people go through culinary school, they’re
    1:20:49 trying to decide on the sweet or the savory path.
    1:20:53 So do you become a chef or are you going to become a pastry chef, sweet or savory?
    1:20:59 And for people who are having a tough time deciding, I remember hearing when I was working
    1:21:03 on For Our Chef, someone who’s involved in one of these very, very well-known schools
    1:21:09 said, well, one question we sometimes ask these students is, do you fold your socks?
    1:21:11 Do you have the mini rows in the shelf?
    1:21:19 If so, maybe sweet and baking is for you because it’s so OCD friendly and precision oriented.
    1:21:24 So yes, based on that at least, I think I would really enjoy, I would find baking very
    1:21:25 satisfying.
    1:21:26 I love that.
    1:21:28 I want to eat what you bake.
    1:21:29 You know?
    1:21:30 There may be a day.
    1:21:36 So the first is a story that I would love you to tell and tell me if this is enough of
    1:21:37 a prompt.
    1:21:40 So that’s a story of an audience, you’re on stage.
    1:21:41 Are you comfortable?
    1:21:42 Oh yeah.
    1:21:43 This is a question.
    1:21:44 Could you tell this please?
    1:21:45 I do this over and over.
    1:21:50 I speak in various places, all rooms and theaters and places.
    1:21:54 And I’ll be talking about how to do better at work, whatever I’ve been hired to talk
    1:21:55 about.
    1:21:59 And right in the middle, I’ll stop and say, wait, wait, is everyone comfortable?
    1:22:04 And they all look at me as if I’m crazy and I say, no, seriously, are you really comfortable?
    1:22:06 And they start to say, yes, we’re fine.
    1:22:07 Go on.
    1:22:08 I’m like, no, I mean it.
    1:22:11 Are you really comfortable?
    1:22:15 And the whole audience will get quite angry, yes, we’re comfortable, just talk.
    1:22:19 And then I ask them, okay, so now I answer this question.
    1:22:24 If you were home alone in your bedroom right now, how many of you would be sitting in exactly
    1:22:27 the position you’re in at this moment?
    1:22:32 And maybe one hand goes up in a room full of hundreds of people.
    1:22:35 And then I say to them, why would you be in a different position?
    1:22:39 And they literally have to think.
    1:22:42 And then it comes to them after about five seconds.
    1:22:45 This isn’t comfortable.
    1:22:52 And then I say, it’s okay that you’re not comfortable because we’re tough, we’re a tough species.
    1:22:55 We’re tolerating discomfort so we can be together in this way.
    1:23:00 But I do have a problem with the fact that you all just looked me in the eye in clear
    1:23:04 daylight and repeatedly lied to me.
    1:23:09 And you thought you were telling the truth, but you knew you were lying.
    1:23:10 And they’re like, what?
    1:23:11 What?
    1:23:14 And like your body is telling you the truth.
    1:23:17 That’s how cut off we are from our bodies and that’s the first thing you ask yourself
    1:23:20 when you need to know the truth is, am I comfortable?
    1:23:23 That’ll give you everything else.
    1:23:25 The next, that would be the icing.
    1:23:27 And there’s the cherry on top.
    1:23:32 I’d love for you to expand on a question because these words will be words people recognize,
    1:23:36 but I think the context, I would like to hear more about the context.
    1:23:39 What do you want versus what do you yearn for?
    1:23:44 And that may not be the exact wording that you use, but okay, what is the significance
    1:23:45 of that question?
    1:23:49 It’s interesting that you made the comment about, is it the exact language?
    1:23:53 That’s one of the few places where I’m very exacting about language because somehow we
    1:23:59 divide that conceptually when we use language, I ask people what they want.
    1:24:04 They make me a list of things, a better job, better relationship, a better car, whatever.
    1:24:10 And then I say, when you wake up at night and it’s dark and there’s no one around, what
    1:24:12 do you yearn for?
    1:24:14 And the list is completely different.
    1:24:19 And it’s very short and almost everyone lists the same things.
    1:24:28 Peace, belonging, freedom, love, happiness, it’s kind of it.
    1:24:30 Everybody wants them.
    1:24:34 And all the lists of things they want, those are all, I call it the difference between your
    1:24:40 social self and your essential self, the essential self yearns, the social self wants.
    1:24:43 You’ve gotten a lot of stuff you wanted.
    1:24:44 It doesn’t make you happy.
    1:24:45 Yeah.
    1:24:46 Nice.
    1:24:47 That’s true.
    1:24:52 But if you get what you yearn for, it actually does make you happy.
    1:24:53 I can’t resist the bait here.
    1:25:03 So when you have something like a car, right, okay, so-and-so wants, you know, the newest
    1:25:08 Tesla model, so-and-so wants the XYZ car.
    1:25:14 It’s very cleanly discreet in the sense that it costs $88,000.
    1:25:19 I can finance it for this much a month, therefore, I know how much I need to work to earn a bonus
    1:25:21 to get this to do that.
    1:25:25 It’s actionable in a convenient way, kind of like the drunk guy looking for his keys
    1:25:30 under the lamp at night, even though he knows it’s in the bar somewhere, because that’s
    1:25:31 where the light is.
    1:25:37 How do you help people, and this might not be the right way to phrase it, but to actualize
    1:25:44 something like peace or belonging, which at least at face value is much more amorphous?
    1:25:51 I mean, it’s a thing that people know, but it’s not as easy to slice and dice and then
    1:25:54 maybe work backwards from, like the new Tesla.
    1:26:00 It’s not as cognitive, it’s not analytical, because it’s not physical, so it’s not measurable.
    1:26:05 Our particular science doesn’t believe that it exists, even though we all want it, so
    1:26:06 a couple of things.
    1:26:12 The first thing, it’s something I call jumping the tracks, and it’s jumping the tracks between
    1:26:18 seeing your life in purely physical terms and then opening your mind to the possibility
    1:26:24 of all non-physical realities, and as we know from physics, all physical things are ultimately
    1:26:25 not physical.
    1:26:31 So, that’s the first thing is to say, “I live in a world that is not just made up of objects.
    1:26:35 I live in a world where I deal in energies.”
    1:26:39 When you track the joy through your body, it is a physical sensation, but it’s also
    1:26:44 an energy, so then you start looking for the energies that bring you the essence of what
    1:26:50 you yearn for, and I’ve found the simplest exercise, and I’ve been doing it with people
    1:26:55 since the pandemic to calm people down, speaking of anxiety, I’d love to do it just a little
    1:26:56 bit with you.
    1:26:57 Let’s do it.
    1:26:58 I would love to.
    1:26:59 It’s so simple.
    1:27:05 So, I have you write down whatever your concerns are, then tell me, honestly goodness, three
    1:27:07 things you love to taste.
    1:27:08 Okay.
    1:27:10 You don’t want to go for it?
    1:27:11 Or I guess should I write that?
    1:27:12 I should write down.
    1:27:13 No, no, just tell me.
    1:27:14 I mean, you can find it if you want.
    1:27:18 Cheesecake, it’s really thick frosting, for sure.
    1:27:29 I would say barbecue brisket would be there, and then I would say really cold, slightly
    1:27:31 sweetened iced tea on a really hot day.
    1:27:32 Okay.
    1:27:38 So, as you say that, can you remember the sensation of tasting those three things?
    1:27:43 So, focus your attention on the actual experience of the taste.
    1:27:47 Now, tell me three things you love to hear.
    1:27:48 Definitely not leaf blower.
    1:27:49 I love those fucking things.
    1:27:52 They’re everywhere in Texas.
    1:27:55 I don’t know what it is with the compulsive leaf blowing.
    1:27:56 All right.
    1:28:00 So, that’s just a bit of a mini rant based on this morning.
    1:28:02 You and I are very much like it this way.
    1:28:03 What are these people doing?
    1:28:06 It’s like, I think there’s a racket where they like, it’s like Tuesday, they blow the
    1:28:11 leaves to one side, and then Wednesday, they blow the leaves back to the other side.
    1:28:13 It does make any sense, but it blows.
    1:28:14 It blows, right.
    1:28:15 It blows, exactly.
    1:28:16 All right.
    1:28:17 So, three sounds.
    1:28:20 Yeah, three things you love to hear.
    1:28:30 I would say acoustic guitar, so instrumental, say like classical guitar, like Segovia, that
    1:28:34 type of guitar, I find really soothing.
    1:28:36 I find, what else do I like to hear?
    1:28:39 You know, thinking of all sorts of obscene things.
    1:28:41 Go for it.
    1:28:42 Yeah.
    1:28:45 Very responsive female partner, let’s call it.
    1:28:52 Certainly, it would be high on the list, and then the sound of my dog, Molly, when I get
    1:28:59 home, and she’s so happy to see me, she’s just doing corpus calls and happiness wines
    1:29:00 left and right.
    1:29:01 I’d say those are three that come to mind.
    1:29:02 Okay.
    1:29:06 So, the task here is you’re going to try to hold all these sensations in your memory.
    1:29:08 You’re going to activate them all at once.
    1:29:12 So, you’ve got cheesecake, you’ve got the tea, you’ve got the brisket, you’ve got the
    1:29:13 dog, you’ve got the female.
    1:29:17 It’s a drug that can help me to get all of these things felt at the same time.
    1:29:18 I do.
    1:29:19 I’ll be first in line.
    1:29:20 All right.
    1:29:22 So, I’m trying to hold all of these things.
    1:29:23 That’s the challenge.
    1:29:24 Yeah.
    1:29:26 And the left side of the brain, I’ll give you a hint, can’t do it.
    1:29:30 So, it’s forcing you to use the right side of your brain more than you usually do.
    1:29:35 So, maybe you can’t remember all of them, but like cheesecake, the guitar, whatever it
    1:29:36 is.
    1:29:38 Now, we’re going to go through the other senses.
    1:29:39 You know we are.
    1:29:44 One of the three things you love to feel with your skin.
    1:29:45 Feel with my skin.
    1:29:48 Or with, you know, you’re, can you feel anything with up?
    1:29:49 Yeah.
    1:29:53 I didn’t foresee this conversation going here this morning, but I’m into it.
    1:29:54 Yeah, right.
    1:29:55 Yeah.
    1:29:56 Got it.
    1:29:57 Got it.
    1:29:58 All right.
    1:30:00 So, I would say it’s my skin.
    1:30:01 Textures.
    1:30:02 Yeah, for sure.
    1:30:09 A very, very saturated epsom salt bath where there’s almost like a silky residue.
    1:30:10 Yeah.
    1:30:12 When you move around, that would be one.
    1:30:17 Another, I’ll try to keep this family friendly for the moment.
    1:30:22 Another would be definitely dog kisses, for sure.
    1:30:23 Yeah.
    1:30:24 That’s super high.
    1:30:31 And then, I would say, hot stone massage with a small amount of oil.
    1:30:32 Fantastic.
    1:30:34 So, those would be three.
    1:30:35 Okay.
    1:30:39 So, we’re going to do three things, non-food, that you love to smell.
    1:30:42 Non-food, I would say.
    1:30:43 There’s a tree.
    1:30:45 I don’t know how to pronounce this word, actually.
    1:30:52 It’s called cananga in Spanish sometimes, but a lang-lang, the Y-L-A-N-G-G or whatever.
    1:30:53 Yeah.
    1:30:54 Yeah, that one.
    1:30:55 Yeah.
    1:30:56 Yeah, that one.
    1:30:57 Yeah, that one.
    1:31:02 That particular tree, the scent of the flowers on that tree, second, it would be really on
    1:31:03 a dog kick.
    1:31:07 Partially because I’m getting a second dog this summer.
    1:31:08 Oh.
    1:31:09 Just that puppy smell.
    1:31:10 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
    1:31:11 True as babies, too.
    1:31:15 A lot of people tell me the smell of dogs’ feet is one of their favorite things.
    1:31:16 Oh, weird.
    1:31:17 I’ve never tried that.
    1:31:18 I know, right?
    1:31:19 I’ve never even smelled a dog’s foot.
    1:31:20 Yeah, I haven’t gone for the feet, but I…
    1:31:21 I think we need to try.
    1:31:24 We need to go take that step.
    1:31:25 Yeah, yeah.
    1:31:29 I’m more like a softier smelling guy with the pups.
    1:31:30 But then there’s like puppy breath things.
    1:31:33 So let’s just say puppy’s more in general.
    1:31:34 So it’s two.
    1:31:35 Is that two?
    1:31:36 And yeah.
    1:31:47 And then I would say non-food, number three would be the smell of cedar saunas.
    1:31:48 Nice.
    1:31:49 Cedar.
    1:31:52 Okay, one sense to go, three things you love to see.
    1:31:54 Three things I love to see.
    1:32:03 Look over at mountains dotted with trees, I would say babies laughing, kids laughing.
    1:32:09 Just got a nice dose of that with my friend’s family over the last few days.
    1:32:19 And then just to showcase my OCD, when things are just like really lined up nicely, so like
    1:32:23 a bookshelf or stacks of things, perfectly parallel.
    1:32:28 Like if there’s like a certain uniformity or symmetry, maybe if I want to give it a
    1:32:33 highfalutin label and sound fancy, I’ll say symmetry, different types of symmetry.
    1:32:34 Okay.
    1:32:40 So now your job, and as you’ve been thinking of these things, because there are so many
    1:32:43 of them and they’re activating the parts of your brain that are sensory, and that’s
    1:32:49 taking you away from the analytical cognitive part that’s so overdeveloped in most people
    1:32:53 these days, because everything we do develops it more and more.
    1:33:01 So now your job to learn to be happy is vividly imagine a scene with as many of these components
    1:33:02 as you can put together.
    1:33:09 So imagine sitting in a perfectly symmetrical, gorgeous cedar sauna on a snowy mountain looking
    1:33:15 out, you’ve got your dog on one side, you’ve got a response of female partner on the other,
    1:33:20 you’ve got cheesecake, you’ve got like someone’s playing the guitar.
    1:33:27 I have a guitar player with a blindfold, playing Spanish guitar, but daddy’s not here.
    1:33:34 And you start to drop in to a space that you’ve created in your mind, but not the part of
    1:33:36 your mind that we talk about as mind.
    1:33:39 It’s the sensory experience of being human.
    1:33:41 Right, the sensory of our spreadsheet.
    1:33:48 And in, yes, as you start to go into that, what you’re doing is you’re accessing the
    1:33:53 part of you that is capable of feeling the things you yearn for, because everything we
    1:33:56 actually yearn for is a feeling state.
    1:34:00 And you can start with these very simple, small things.
    1:34:04 When I have somebody do this, I have people do this on Zoom calls and put it in the chat
    1:34:09 and hundreds of words are going by of different beautiful things.
    1:34:12 And I’ll start by saying how nervous, anxious, and depressed are you.
    1:34:14 They give me a number from one to 10.
    1:34:17 Everybody’s nervous and depressed after they do this for a while and everybody’s looking
    1:34:25 at everyone else’s delights, everybody is in a completely different energy state.
    1:34:28 And that is how you get to the things you yearn for.
    1:34:34 You jump the tracks from the way we’re taught to think to a sensory based experiential way
    1:34:37 of thinking, which is for me more real.
    1:34:43 And so jumping the tracks, does that refer to doing this exercise as an example, establishing
    1:34:48 this like emotional landmark, like, okay, remember this feeling.
    1:34:52 You’re in the sauna with the snow cat peaks, the dog that this to that.
    1:35:00 Remember this and this is now your sort of homing direction from a sensory perspective.
    1:35:01 It’s a track.
    1:35:02 Yeah.
    1:35:06 And it may just be the side of the rhinoceros’s toe.
    1:35:10 It’s very likely you’ve been on the path of not there for so long.
    1:35:14 You don’t know what the real, for me, that white light thing was the whole track.
    1:35:15 Bam.
    1:35:18 I could not miss it after that experience.
    1:35:23 But what you just did is an experience of moving into that territory and seeing sort
    1:35:28 of, you feel the shape of it or that I end up having difficulty describing it in words
    1:35:30 because it’s not a verbal experience.
    1:35:37 And the fact that it’s not a verbal experience is part of the reason it can fulfill your
    1:35:38 yearning.
    1:35:41 And it’s also part of the reason you’ve never gone there.
    1:35:48 Stephen Hayes, who founded Act Therapy, he set out to figure out why humans commit suicide
    1:35:50 and no other animal seems to deliberately do that.
    1:35:57 And his answer is language, where the only species that can create a reality with words
    1:36:04 in our minds that is so terrifying that an unknown future is worse than the fear of death.
    1:36:10 If you stop thinking in terms of language and logic, which we call that thinking intelligence,
    1:36:13 it’s just, it’s like a pair of scissors.
    1:36:15 It’s good for certain tasks.
    1:36:18 It’s not great when you need to stay warm, right?
    1:36:24 When you jump the tracks into your entire nervous system, which is all part of, it’s
    1:36:27 not disconnected from the brain.
    1:36:31 Then you’re in the territory where you can actually experience joy.
    1:36:34 I want to go to two places.
    1:36:41 One is going to be a complete non sequitur, but just for purposes of trivia, I want to
    1:36:43 tell people something about rhinos.
    1:36:46 So you mentioned rhinos and the toe of the rhino.
    1:36:52 Part of the reason, as you alluded to, rhinos are a good starter animal for tracking, at
    1:36:57 least in South Africa, where you and I were in the Sobby Sands Reserve at different times
    1:37:03 with Lantelosi, which coincidentally means the protector of all things, I believe it’s
    1:37:04 in Zulu.
    1:37:07 But it has this large front toe.
    1:37:12 You can imagine it like the edge of your big toe toenail, and then there are these two
    1:37:20 side toes, and I mean, it just goes back to Pangea and it raises all sorts of great questions,
    1:37:21 but it’s so weird.
    1:37:28 So there is an order called perisodactyla, which is an order of ungulates, so you could
    1:37:32 think elk, deer, et cetera.
    1:37:36 The order includes about 17 living species divided into three families.
    1:37:40 You have equidae, which comes back to the equine therapy, maybe at some point.
    1:37:47 That’s horses, asses, and zebras, rhinos, and tapirs, which you find in South America.
    1:37:50 So those are all related, which is pretty wild to think about.
    1:37:55 Rhinos, tapirs, and say zebras or horses, but if you look at the tracks, I mean, there
    1:37:56 are some similarities.
    1:38:01 So I just wanted to mention that briefly because it was just, I needed to get out of my head.
    1:38:07 And then the second is related to a book you mentioned earlier, the Tao Te Ching.
    1:38:14 And I was wondering if you could speak to Stephen Mitchell and Byron Katie and what
    1:38:16 you have learned from them.
    1:38:20 It could be related to integrity, it could be related to other things, but what have
    1:38:24 you modeled from them or learned from them?
    1:38:28 Speaking of the concept of having parents, I mean, they’re friends more than parents,
    1:38:33 but I really do feel like they kind of re-parented me with their books.
    1:38:38 I read Stephen’s version of the Tao Te Ching right around the time I had the white light
    1:38:39 experience.
    1:38:40 That’s when it was first published.
    1:38:42 And it was such an intense…
    1:38:46 It was like my nervous system caught fire when I read that version.
    1:38:48 And I’d read other versions and they weren’t…
    1:38:52 They didn’t float my boat as much, but there was so much energy in my body that I felt
    1:38:56 like I was going to literally physically explode.
    1:39:00 And I drove to a place where I knew I could hike to a waterfall.
    1:39:03 Oh, they’re going to say “safely explode,” got hiked to.
    1:39:10 I literally ran along this mountain path to this large-ish waterfall, ran under the
    1:39:12 waterfall and just stood there.
    1:39:17 And then the cold water beating down on me equaled the sort of heat that was rising.
    1:39:22 I mean, my connection to that book was so overwhelming and I know it’s been powerful
    1:39:24 for a lot of people.
    1:39:28 So I memorized it, took it around, gave it to everyone I knew.
    1:39:35 Then I was on a book tour and I saw this book by a woman named Byron Katie and it said,
    1:39:39 with a foreword by Stephen Mitchell, “Never would have looked at it if I hadn’t seen that.”
    1:39:46 And then I found out on the book leaf that they were married and I was like, “Wow, okay.
    1:39:47 Now I’m interested.”
    1:39:49 So I bought the book, got on a plane, read the book.
    1:39:53 And she had a series of four questions, which are very simple.
    1:39:55 Think of a thought that makes you upset.
    1:39:56 Is it true?
    1:39:57 Can you know that it’s true?
    1:39:58 What happens when you think it?
    1:39:59 Who would you be without it?
    1:40:02 It seemed very, very simple and I applied it.
    1:40:09 I started applying it and there on the plane, I had an injury on my knee and my thought
    1:40:12 was I’m mad at my knee because it won’t let me work out.
    1:40:16 And Katie has this way of reversing everything that’s causing you suffering.
    1:40:21 After reading her stuff and doing her work forever, I actually believe that the direct
    1:40:26 verbal opposite of your worst fear is your next step toward enlightenment.
    1:40:27 I truly believe that.
    1:40:28 Okay.
    1:40:29 Can you say that one more time?
    1:40:34 So I have some familiarity with your workshops and worksheets and just for people who want
    1:40:37 to find this, they can find the work by Byron Katie online.
    1:40:43 The work of Byron Katie and you can go online and download free things and she’s very generous
    1:40:44 with it.
    1:40:46 Could you say that one more time because this seems like an important point.
    1:40:49 It will sound odd if you haven’t been doing the work for a long time, but this is what
    1:40:51 I’ve realized.
    1:40:54 The exact verbal opposite of my worst fear.
    1:41:00 So the opposite, take your worst fear, find the direct opposite of that.
    1:41:03 That is your next step toward enlightenment.
    1:41:08 So for example, when I wrote my book about Mormons and I said to the publisher, don’t
    1:41:12 tell anyone until it’s published and they said, you’re afraid of the Mormons.
    1:41:13 How cute.
    1:41:16 Then the galleys went out and I started getting calls from New York.
    1:41:19 Why didn’t you tell us these people are insane?
    1:41:22 We’re all going to die.
    1:41:23 You mess with a religion.
    1:41:25 You get some weird responses.
    1:41:27 So I’m on this, this is a different time.
    1:41:33 I’m on this plane again and I’m thinking something terrible is going to happen to me because
    1:41:34 I wrote that book.
    1:41:38 Something terrible is going to happen to me because I wrote that book and this thought
    1:41:39 just dogged me.
    1:41:43 So I did Byron Katie’s work on it and she picks it apart for you.
    1:41:50 And then you get the reverse and the reverse of my worst fear here was I’m going to happen
    1:41:54 to something terrible because I wrote that book instead of something terrible is going
    1:41:56 to happen to me.
    1:42:01 It became I’m going to happen to something terrible and something in my psyche just went
    1:42:03 click, click, click, click.
    1:42:06 And I was no longer afraid.
    1:42:08 I thought I might get killed for sure.
    1:42:11 I just, I know I was doing what was right for me, period.
    1:42:14 I never went into a welter over it again.
    1:42:16 That was just true for me.
    1:42:23 So that gives you a little tiny, weird backwards taste of the way Byron Katie’s work affects
    1:42:25 you when you do it.
    1:42:30 And she was doing her work and some people who were into it said to Stephen Mitchell,
    1:42:35 you’re a great translator and writer, you’ve got to write a book about this woman.
    1:42:40 And he said, no, and they said, no, you really, really have to, and he’s like, I hate gurus.
    1:42:43 I don’t like, oh my gosh, she’s living in California.
    1:42:44 Ugh, ugh.
    1:42:48 Stephen is very picky, very picky.
    1:42:53 He said, all right, I’ll go to Barstow where she lives, but she wasn’t living in Barstow
    1:42:54 anymore.
    1:42:55 She just had lived there.
    1:42:56 She was living in LA.
    1:43:00 But he said, she will meet me in Barstow and we will sit down on the floor and we will
    1:43:02 look into each other’s eyes for an hour.
    1:43:06 And then I will tell you whether I will write her book or not.
    1:43:12 So the way I tell the story, which is not far off the truth, but it’s my story, not
    1:43:14 theirs.
    1:43:19 But they went to Barstow and Katie was thinking, why does he want to go to Barstow?
    1:43:25 And they sat in a hotel, I believe they sat on the floor, knee to knee, and they looked
    1:43:28 into each other’s eyes without speaking for an hour.
    1:43:30 And then they got married.
    1:43:31 That’s not quite right.
    1:43:34 But he said to Katie, I’ve got to go back to New York now.
    1:43:37 And she just said, why would you go back to New York?
    1:43:39 He said, because I live there.
    1:43:42 And she was like, so?
    1:43:45 And he said, well, I have to go deal with my affairs.
    1:43:52 And she said, but you’re the only person I’ve ever met who’s of my species.
    1:43:56 And they talk about two kids in love in their 80s.
    1:44:03 They are in love with life, in love with each other, in love with the world, in love with
    1:44:06 that itself, like in love with everything.
    1:44:10 And their work has just mothered and fathered me through my life.
    1:44:12 And they’ve done it themselves as people now.
    1:44:14 So I love them dearly.
    1:44:17 I encourage people to check out the work for sure.
    1:44:23 And I have a, I guess, technical question about the opposite that you landed on.
    1:44:27 So I am going to happen to something terrible because of my book.
    1:44:30 Is that an example of a turnaround?
    1:44:32 And could you have ended up on a different version?
    1:44:37 For instance, something wonderful is going to happen to me because of my book or some
    1:44:38 alternate.
    1:44:40 There could have been a number of varieties.
    1:44:43 Did that happen to be the one that of several resonated with you?
    1:44:44 Yeah.
    1:44:48 That was the one that really hit the gong in my mind, but I did have several.
    1:44:50 And very often you can come up with a bunch of them.
    1:44:51 And some of them are just playing wrong.
    1:44:53 They don’t feel right at all.
    1:44:57 Some of them are okay, but it’s not changing my life.
    1:45:00 Like nothing terrible is going to happen to me because I wrote this book.
    1:45:03 I thought, I don’t believe that.
    1:45:05 And actually terrible things did happen to me.
    1:45:08 Death wasn’t one of them, but some things are going to happen to me for sure.
    1:45:11 So maybe if I hadn’t believed it, it wouldn’t have happened, but it did.
    1:45:13 So that one didn’t work.
    1:45:16 Wonderful things are going to happen to me because I wrote that book.
    1:45:20 I did think that one seemed truer and it ended up being truer.
    1:45:22 I just couldn’t know what was going to happen.
    1:45:29 And then I got, often for me, it’s the one that’s strange and not grammatically normal
    1:45:36 that will break the construct in my mind because I think of the strange verbiage.
    1:45:41 And it sort of breaks open an assumption and I’m in that space of don’t know mind.
    1:45:44 It’s a little satori, right?
    1:45:48 And it’s really fun to take your fears, put them through Byron Katie’s questions and
    1:45:56 then look at the turnarounds and it can really, really change your life just sitting in a chair.
    1:46:06 I have seen people in 15 minutes doing this exercise live with Katie reframe 20 years
    1:46:10 of resentment towards a parent because of x, y, n, z.
    1:46:20 And they do a 180 and seemingly it just evaporates or transforms into something completely different
    1:46:23 with at least some durability.
    1:46:26 And I expect for some folks a lot of durability.
    1:46:30 I’ve been really impressed and it’s not that this happens to everyone every time.
    1:46:36 That’s not the case, but you do see some really remarkable changes.
    1:46:38 But I’ll tell you something.
    1:46:45 The work itself is incredibly powerful, but the reason people have these massive shifts
    1:46:52 with Katie in person, this one guy was, he was in a house that was bombed to smithereens
    1:46:56 in Poland during, I think it was in World War II and his whole family died and a roof beam
    1:46:59 fell on him and it was winter.
    1:47:03 And so he gets up and he’s haunted by this moment.
    1:47:10 And for 50 years he’s carried this and she says, “Can you find the nine-year-old boy
    1:47:14 in that scenario with that roof beam on his head who was just fine?”
    1:47:18 And he thinks for like literally two seconds and goes, “Oh, yeah.”
    1:47:22 And things like this happened around Katie all the time.
    1:47:27 And the reason is that she has jumped the tracks and to understand why it’s so powerful to
    1:47:30 do the work with her, you have to jump the tracks.
    1:47:36 You have to start believing that there’s an energetic field that is connecting all of
    1:47:37 us.
    1:47:38 And you can feel people’s energy.
    1:47:42 I know I start to sound all new age and Steven wants to slap me in the face.
    1:47:43 He doesn’t.
    1:47:44 He never would.
    1:47:45 But he gets very grumpy with me.
    1:47:46 I don’t believe any of that stuff.
    1:47:47 He would stare at you for an hour, very intensely.
    1:47:48 He’s like, “I don’t believe any of that stuff.
    1:47:49 It’s just phony.”
    1:47:53 And I’m like, “Explain this, Steven.”
    1:47:55 And I show him something Katie’s done.
    1:47:56 He just laughs.
    1:47:58 He says, “All right, I can’t explain that.”
    1:47:59 But it’s really nice.
    1:48:08 He’s such a super hardcore, analytical, he doesn’t believe anything because everything
    1:48:10 can be disproven.
    1:48:15 And she is a field of transformation.
    1:48:16 She just is.
    1:48:18 She really is a different species.
    1:48:19 It’s just a different thing.
    1:48:22 And I’m not making any claims, I’m not deifying her.
    1:48:26 She just, she’s a very, and I mean this in the most calmer way, but very…
    1:48:31 I have now a lot of people who claim to be gurus and self-helpers and everything, and
    1:48:32 she’s the only one.
    1:48:34 I’ve spent quite a lot of time around her.
    1:48:39 I have never seen any reason to disbelieve what she says about the fact that she lives
    1:48:41 in perpetual joy.
    1:48:42 Yeah.
    1:48:43 Yeah.
    1:48:46 I mean, it’s pretty wild to see her in action.
    1:48:51 And I have not spent a lot of time with her, but I spent a few days in a workshop with her.
    1:48:53 And you’re just like, “Is this an act?”
    1:48:57 Does she go home and just like yell on the phone?
    1:49:00 And you just, at least, I was not able to see any deviation.
    1:49:03 I did not see any deviation whatsoever.
    1:49:04 No, I’ve never seen it.
    1:49:08 And I’ve been around her when she’s exhausted, when she’s sick, when she’s jet lagged.
    1:49:13 She’s never in psychological suffering, ever, as far as I’ve seen.
    1:49:16 So let’s chat about another great for a second, Goethe.
    1:49:24 So the German writer, innovator, polymath of every possible variety, I’m wondering
    1:49:31 why what you find most striking about Goethe, but there are a couple of quotes that popped
    1:49:36 up that I think may resonate with you, that I think you’ve mentioned in conversation before.
    1:49:38 But when you trust yourself, you will know how to live.
    1:49:39 That’s one.
    1:49:42 Another, never hurry, never cease.
    1:49:46 That’s one I’ve heard permutations of in Buddhism as well, right?
    1:49:49 No hurry, no pause, all these things, which I quite like.
    1:49:52 Any others that come to mind or any aspects?
    1:49:53 From Goethe himself?
    1:49:58 Or anything, I mean, that doesn’t need to be specifically to, we can meander as we want
    1:49:59 to meander.
    1:50:02 I love the stuff about self-trust.
    1:50:05 I’m blanking, actually, which I rarely do.
    1:50:11 All I can think about is Faust now, and how he talks about the bargain with the devil.
    1:50:19 I think we all make a bargain with the devil metaphorically because we’re forced to confront
    1:50:24 the question, will we do what it takes to be admired and approved of by humans or will
    1:50:27 we follow the soul?
    1:50:31 Will we trust ourselves or will we trust what other people want us to be?
    1:50:35 So the Faustian bargain is the only thing that’s really coming to mind right now.
    1:50:37 Is Goethe a particular favorite of yours?
    1:50:44 I have a collection of aphorisms and lived in Berlin for a period of time, became really
    1:50:49 infatuated by Goethe just because, and for those wondering what the hell we’re talking
    1:50:54 about, lots of different pronunciations in English, but G-O-E-T-H-E, there’s the Goethe
    1:51:00 Institute and certainly, I don’t know if it’d be fair to call him like this, the Shakespeare
    1:51:04 plus of Germany, but that’s one way to think about it.
    1:51:06 I know why you’re into him.
    1:51:07 Tell me.
    1:51:08 He’s just like you.
    1:51:09 He’s just like me.
    1:51:10 Yeah.
    1:51:11 I mean, there aren’t many people like you.
    1:51:12 Bald and handsome?
    1:51:15 There really aren’t.
    1:51:19 And I love the way you’re so incredibly generous with all your life hacks and everything,
    1:51:24 but I’m like, okay, so you can learn 12 sentences and then know a language.
    1:51:26 Not everybody can.
    1:51:29 You can learn the tango and be an Argentine champion.
    1:51:31 Not everybody can.
    1:51:33 But you’re, you are kind of a freak.
    1:51:38 You gotta admit that because you don’t just pick up hobbies.
    1:51:42 You pick up hobbies and then become a Japanese translator.
    1:51:48 It’s kind of insane the kind of equipment you were born with and it must be a heavy
    1:51:56 burden in some ways and quite lonely because as much as you try to help people be the same,
    1:51:58 they probably rarely are.
    1:52:04 And I think good is good as life might have been similar.
    1:52:06 You are America’s good to know.
    1:52:07 Wow.
    1:52:08 There you go.
    1:52:09 I appreciate that.
    1:52:10 That is high praise.
    1:52:13 I would say for a multitude of reasons, definitely feeling lonely.
    1:52:15 I mean, that’s something I’m familiar with for sure.
    1:52:16 I do have different hardware.
    1:52:21 I’d say that it manifests in maybe unpredictable ways.
    1:52:26 I did a bunch of cognitive assessments recently because that’s kind of thing that I do.
    1:52:34 And for instance, for digit recall, just doing five and six digit recall.
    1:52:39 When I don’t have the ability, I don’t have the time to use a crutch of, say, a mnemonic,
    1:52:40 I am terrible.
    1:52:46 I’m like lowest, decile in the US for sure, like bottom 10%.
    1:52:50 But then there are other things like the Stroop test where you’re looking at, say, the word
    1:52:56 red, but it’s displayed in green and you have to either indicate red or green, depending
    1:52:57 on some parameter.
    1:52:58 And it’s very fast.
    1:52:59 Stroop test, I’m like top 1%.
    1:53:00 I have no idea why.
    1:53:03 I don’t know what that translates to.
    1:53:05 And it kind of goes on and on.
    1:53:09 There are super abilities and super weaknesses.
    1:53:12 Oh, tell me, this is fascinating.
    1:53:20 Well, I mean, they’re very, in my experience, often right side by side.
    1:53:22 They’re very adjacent, right?
    1:53:28 So I would say, you can see how this would cut both ways.
    1:53:29 I can walk into a room.
    1:53:34 I was doing a remodel at one point, for instance, and I had never seen this entire room built.
    1:53:40 And I walked in and there was a mirror 10 feet away, and I said, it’s 1/8 of an inch too
    1:53:41 far to the left.
    1:53:42 I’m talking about symmetry.
    1:53:44 I was like, it’s 1/8 of an inch too far to the left, and they’re like, what?
    1:53:47 And I was like, yeah, yeah, it’s not centered.
    1:53:51 And they went over and measured it and lo and behold, within a fraction of a second, I was
    1:53:52 like, yeah, that’s off.
    1:53:53 Wow.
    1:53:55 You can see how that would drive me fucking bananas too, though.
    1:53:56 That would be hard to live in the world.
    1:53:58 Very monkish.
    1:54:03 Beauty is such a, what did I say?
    1:54:05 It’s so gratifying to me that…
    1:54:07 It’s its own excuse for being.
    1:54:09 It’s its own excuse for being.
    1:54:17 So when there is something that lazily violates beauty, it bugs the shit out of me.
    1:54:22 And I’m not proud of that, I’m not saying it is enabling.
    1:54:25 Most of the time, I would say it is distracting.
    1:54:28 At worst, it would be disabling.
    1:54:30 But it enables me to do certain things, right?
    1:54:34 Like I can draw the floor plan of almost any restaurant I’ve ever been in.
    1:54:38 It doesn’t matter if it’s once, twice, if I’ve only been there for five minutes.
    1:54:40 That’s just something I can do.
    1:54:46 And then there are a lot of things that normal people can do that I just seem unable to do
    1:54:55 in terms of, let’s just say, on one hand, I have like a great creative capacity because
    1:54:56 I will ruminate.
    1:55:01 On the other hand, that same rumination can manifest as lifelong on Saint Somnia.
    1:55:02 Oh, yes.
    1:55:03 Yes.
    1:55:05 I’m in treatment for this right now.
    1:55:06 I just found someone.
    1:55:07 Yeah.
    1:55:08 Oh, wow.
    1:55:09 All right.
    1:55:10 So it goes both ways.
    1:55:14 And I will say there are examples where I can’t teach someone to replicate what I’ve done.
    1:55:21 There are, thankfully, more examples of where I can help someone actually get beyond where
    1:55:25 I arrived after X point in time, mostly because I would say the vast majority of teaching
    1:55:28 has a lot of fat on it.
    1:55:35 And logical sequences aren’t particularly prevalent and old methods persist for a really
    1:55:36 long time.
    1:55:39 So I mean, the way that we, as an example, teach languages, since you mentioned languages,
    1:55:44 the way we teach languages in most schools is the equivalent of saying, “Okay, you want
    1:55:47 to learn how to ski and you’re excited to learn how to ski?
    1:55:48 Great.
    1:55:53 We’re going to have you take a six-month avalanche course and they’re going to memorize meteorological
    1:55:57 tables and historical weather patterns for the first six months.
    1:55:59 Who is going to want to do that?
    1:56:00 Nobody.
    1:56:01 Everyone’s going to drop out.
    1:56:05 Maybe there are one or two people who survive and then they get called good at languages.”
    1:56:08 That’s a failure of the method, not a failure of the students.
    1:56:09 Right.
    1:56:14 And then so if I’m able to suffer through that and then break it down, rearrange it,
    1:56:20 remove 90% of it, then I can teach people to go further than I did in a lot of ways.
    1:56:25 However, then I have an unusual ability to mimic.
    1:56:26 I just do.
    1:56:30 And for whatever reason, even though I’ve done audiological exams because I like to know
    1:56:37 what I’m dealing with, I do not seem to have any greater range, any greater sensitivity
    1:56:43 than the average person, but my brain, for whatever reason, interprets these sounds and
    1:56:47 signals and I can mimic accents, I can mimic tones, I can do these things.
    1:56:50 I don’t know why, but that does give me an advantage.
    1:56:54 So have you ever been given a word for your neurodivergence?
    1:56:55 No.
    1:57:05 And I’m grateful in this sense that I was not of a generation where, say, overprescription
    1:57:12 was common or even really existent for things that didn’t have labels, constellations of
    1:57:17 symptoms or characteristics that didn’t have labels until later, because I for sure would
    1:57:19 have been medicated to the gills.
    1:57:23 And I’m not saying there is a place for medication, but I would have been given everything under
    1:57:24 the sun.
    1:57:31 I mean, I was hyperactive, rambunctious, bouncing all over the place, refused to learn the alphabet
    1:57:34 for a while, and then I was stupid and then I was going to be held back.
    1:57:39 And I mean, I would have been just saturated with pharmaceuticals.
    1:57:40 Oh my God.
    1:57:43 So no, I haven’t been given, I have not been given a word.
    1:57:45 Is there a good word that comes to mind?
    1:57:46 I don’t know.
    1:57:50 I mean, my oldest child is self-identified as autistic, so I went in and looked at all
    1:57:54 the symptoms and I’m like, “Oh, that’s what’s been wrong with me this whole time.”
    1:57:58 I truly believe, I believe this thing about destiny and I remember thinking even as a
    1:58:03 child, if my destiny is to go to the top of, climb to the top of Everest and someone else’s
    1:58:10 destiny is dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the equipment that I need would actually
    1:58:13 make them unable to fulfill their mission.
    1:58:18 Like if I’m climbing, that would not be good in diving and I couldn’t haul an aquatic set
    1:58:20 of tools up Everest.
    1:58:23 So I thought, “All right, there are things I wish I could do that I can’t and things
    1:58:24 I can do.”
    1:58:30 I don’t know, I just can do them and it’s really easy for me and weirdly easy.
    1:58:35 And I just thought, “Well, this must be in some way a description of what I’m meant
    1:58:37 to do with my life.”
    1:58:40 I remember thinking that when I was eight or nine years old and I look at you and you’ve
    1:58:44 done so many things that, “What do you do if you’re good at dancing?
    1:58:45 You become a champion.
    1:58:47 Yay, you can do that.”
    1:58:53 But your brain is so different and I hope they never medicate it unless it’s something
    1:58:59 that makes you happier, but I am really curious about your brain because it’s clearly, I actually
    1:59:06 think the future of our species depends on people who are neurodivergent in ways that
    1:59:13 make them unable to fit the culture that Western colonizers created, the weird cultures, right?
    1:59:17 And that’s an oversimplification and there are many, many cultures, but the overall culture
    1:59:24 that we have of hierarchical capitalism, whatever, is destroying the planet and teaching people
    1:59:28 languages by putting them in avalanche courses.
    1:59:34 And then there are people who just will not because their brains work differently.
    1:59:36 And you’ve just got the most unusual brain I’ve ever seen.
    1:59:38 Oh, thank you.
    1:59:43 It’s, I think about the slot, but it’s like, I don’t know if I want to paint this broadly,
    1:59:48 but superpowers come with costs or just powers.
    1:59:50 Powers come with weaknesses.
    1:59:57 It’s the two sides of the same coin coming in different varieties and so I think that,
    2:00:04 for instance, a lot of my abilities almost certainly would not exist without also a propensity
    2:00:08 towards depression, a propensity towards anxiety and hypervigilance.
    2:00:17 And there are times certainly when I would trade it all for the ability to get to sleep
    2:00:22 easily, the ability to look at the glasses half full instead of half empty.
    2:00:27 I mean, there are times and I’m like, you know what, I’m not sure right now if someone
    2:00:31 was like, here’s your list of abilities and disabilities.
    2:00:34 And if you strike out one, you have to strike out something from the other column, like
    2:00:38 I might erase a number of things arrived at a good place.
    2:00:44 I feel that number of recent experiments have been particularly interesting, but I’d love
    2:00:46 to hear from you.
    2:00:47 And this stuck out.
    2:00:53 In some prep notes, and I’d like you to take this wherever you would like to take it, but
    2:00:54 this is a line.
    2:00:57 I’m just going to use it as a prompt.
    2:01:00 So the opposite of anxiety isn’t calm, it’s creativity.
    2:01:01 I like that.
    2:01:06 I’ve never heard it before, but there’s part of me that’s like, even without dissecting
    2:01:07 it, it makes some sense to me.
    2:01:10 Could you elaborate on that, please?
    2:01:14 I came to this conclusion, I was noticing this huge spike in all my clients of anxiety
    2:01:20 and I was reading about this massive, mostly in the pandemic, but anxiety just went bananas
    2:01:24 and it didn’t come down when things eased a little bit.
    2:01:28 And at the same time, I got to be friends with Jill Bulty Taylor, the woman who had
    2:01:32 the left hemisphere stroke when she was a Harvard neuroanatomist.
    2:01:36 It was the first TED talk to go viral.
    2:01:42 And she lost all language and analytical cognition while her left hemisphere was offline, took
    2:01:47 her eight years to rebuild her brain, but she experienced things with only the right hemisphere
    2:01:54 that she’d never experienced before, this incredible joy, bliss, awe, the feeling of
    2:01:58 being completely a field of energy, no barriers between physical objects.
    2:02:01 It was a very different view of the world.
    2:02:07 If she hadn’t been a neuroanatomist, she probably would be sitting in a vegetating somewhere.
    2:02:11 But fortunately, she was among people who knew how to help her rebuild.
    2:02:16 So now she goes around telling people, “We’re overusing the left hemispheres of our brains.
    2:02:19 We need to be able to access the right.”
    2:02:21 And so I’d been talking to her about this endlessly.
    2:02:23 I love talking to her.
    2:02:26 And I was reading a lot of brain science, always have, always will.
    2:02:32 And I noticed that there were tons of studies that showed that the moment someone is even
    2:02:35 slightly stressed, their creativity goes to shit.
    2:02:42 They do these creative tests and then they say, “We’ll pay you $5 if you get the answer.”
    2:02:46 Instead of motivating them, they get that little bit of anxiety, can’t do it.
    2:02:51 All these studies showing that little kids happily create things and adults can’t do
    2:02:52 the same things.
    2:02:53 Why?
    2:02:56 It always boils down to social anxiety.
    2:03:01 So there’s this spaghetti and marshmallow test, have you heard of it?
    2:03:02 This is a game of height, right?
    2:03:06 Yeah, you’re trying to build the tallest tower possible using uncooked spaghetti, a
    2:03:08 marshmallow, some string and some tape.
    2:03:13 And they gave this problem to a whole bunch of engineers, groups of MBA students, groups
    2:03:15 of lawyers, all these people.
    2:03:17 They all had similar results.
    2:03:21 Then they gave it to a group of five-year-olds who won by a country mile.
    2:03:26 Five-year-olds do better by far at so many creative tests.
    2:03:31 And why do they stop doing well as they get older?
    2:03:34 It boils down to socialization and social anxiety.
    2:03:40 So then I looked at the brain structures and what Jill told me was you basically have
    2:03:43 two brains, they’re symmetrical, but they don’t work the same.
    2:03:47 The left hemisphere has this alarm signal that goes into fear.
    2:03:52 And then immediately the brain starts to, the left hemisphere starts to try to control
    2:03:58 whatever’s going wrong, whatever makes you afraid and telling verbal stories about it.
    2:04:04 Even as the verbal stories that you tell feed back into the amygdala and as environmental
    2:04:05 realities.
    2:04:10 So if I’m afraid something’s going to jump at me from the dark, it’s as if something
    2:04:13 really is going to jump at me from the dark.
    2:04:17 So when I say I may have a fatal illness, there’s no evidence, but I can literally go
    2:04:19 into a panic over that because of language.
    2:04:24 The left hemisphere is also unable or unwilling to acknowledge that the right hemisphere’s
    2:04:27 perspective exists at all.
    2:04:31 Like if people have a right hemisphere stroke and they’re only in the left hemisphere and
    2:04:36 you tell them to draw a clock, they’ll draw the side of the clock from 12 to six and they’ll
    2:04:37 say that’s finished.
    2:04:39 And there’s nothing wrong with their eyes.
    2:04:43 They will not acknowledge anything the right brain is observing.
    2:04:49 When Jill only had a right brain, zero anxiety, zero time, zero physical reality really.
    2:04:55 On the right side, the amygdala is afraid, ah, but it starts to get curious.
    2:04:58 Do you said something about curiosity really early on in this interview?
    2:05:00 And I was like, oh, that’s the trick.
    2:05:05 Because if something scares you, if you go to control, you’re in anxiety.
    2:05:08 If you go to curiosity, my mind is open.
    2:05:14 I have no pre assumptions and I want to know what this is about.
    2:05:17 Instead of anxiety, you get creativity.
    2:05:22 So it depends which side and one side shuts off the other.
    2:05:23 So it toggles.
    2:05:27 So when I asked you to talk about these things that you were sense, the things you love with
    2:05:32 all five senses, you had to go into the right hemisphere of the brain and it had to shut
    2:05:35 down the part of the brain that produces anxiety.
    2:05:37 That’s just the machinery.
    2:05:42 So my premise was anxiety kills creativity.
    2:05:44 Maybe creativity kills anxiety.
    2:05:49 So I started designing things to test that and it tests amazingly well.
    2:05:54 Even though I haven’t seen any direct studies on it yet, if you put together the science
    2:05:58 around it, it’s kind of an unavoidable conclusion.
    2:06:03 And when I try it myself, oh my God, the results are ridiculously powerful.
    2:06:06 What types of exercises do you do for yourself?
    2:06:11 Oh, for example, if you were to write your name, Tim, that’s cheating because it’s short,
    2:06:12 Tim Ferriss.
    2:06:13 Are you right handed?
    2:06:15 I’m right handed.
    2:06:19 So I would have you write your name, then put your pencil just to the left of your name
    2:06:22 and write it backwards in mirror writing.
    2:06:24 So mirror your signature.
    2:06:28 Then you put your pencil under your signature and do it upside down and then upside down
    2:06:29 and backwards.
    2:06:32 Leonardo da Vinci used to write in mirror writing.
    2:06:37 Yeah, that is a wild example of people go back and look at this extensive backwards
    2:06:38 writing.
    2:06:41 I used mirror writing constantly as a kid.
    2:06:44 It was amazing to me that other people couldn’t read it.
    2:06:50 I totally maxed out this IQ test once when I was five because the guy had the test right
    2:06:51 in front of him.
    2:06:53 He was giving it to me orally.
    2:06:56 And I thought, doesn’t he know I can read it upside down?
    2:06:58 I mean, I’m fine here.
    2:07:00 I aced that one anyway.
    2:07:05 But just because I can read mirror writing, but try doing that and staying anxious at the
    2:07:06 same time.
    2:07:08 Can’t do it.
    2:07:13 Then I decided, okay, I’m going to take January 2023.
    2:07:18 I’m going to give myself an entire month in lockdown because the conditions are very
    2:07:19 controlled.
    2:07:21 So this is a good time for an experiment, the pandemic.
    2:07:26 I get up every morning and do things that are purely right brain function.
    2:07:34 So I started withdrawing and painting and I thought, I’ll just go from there.
    2:07:38 I drew and painted like a maniac.
    2:07:39 I didn’t want to sleep.
    2:07:40 I didn’t want to eat.
    2:07:43 I didn’t want to talk to anyone.
    2:07:45 I was in pure heaven.
    2:07:50 And the problem was at the end of the month, stopping was horrible.
    2:07:54 It was like some kind of suicide right there.
    2:07:57 And now since I finished, I had to get back into my left hemisphere to write the book
    2:07:58 about it.
    2:08:01 But as soon as I sent the manuscript away, I just started painting.
    2:08:05 I get up every morning at like between four and six and paint until 11.
    2:08:07 And I’m just like completely blissed out.
    2:08:13 Yeah, I find drawing to be a real self and I wanted to be an illustrator for a long time
    2:08:18 when I was a kid and paid some of my expenses in college by being an illustrator.
    2:08:23 I actually illustrated a few books long time ago.
    2:08:29 And getting back into that, even just going to, you do not need to be good.
    2:08:30 It’s not about being good.
    2:08:36 It’s about using different circuitry, patterning, a different type of awareness.
    2:08:39 There are many different ways you could frame it.
    2:08:46 Gesture drawing, going to live classes where you have nude subjects posing and just in
    2:08:48 case there are a bunch of guys who are like, “Awesome.”
    2:08:51 You’re like, “No, you’re going to get some like obese naked dudes, too.”
    2:08:52 Yeah, it’s not awesome.
    2:08:53 So it’s dealer’s choice.
    2:08:56 So just realize you got to be there for the drawing.
    2:08:58 It’s not a singles bar.
    2:09:03 And the fact, just for people who’ve never been, the way this works, gesture drawing
    2:09:07 is so-called because you’re intended to capture at least the essence of a pose.
    2:09:10 The pose automatically changes with a timer.
    2:09:16 The timer could be one minute initially and the model will change his or her position
    2:09:17 every 60 seconds.
    2:09:20 And then it might go to two minutes and then to say five minutes.
    2:09:26 But the point I want to make as part of the beauty of this is when things are changing
    2:09:34 that quickly, I really like gesture drawing live classes as an introduction because you
    2:09:35 just cannot.
    2:09:38 You do not have the space to overanalyze what you’re doing.
    2:09:39 Yes.
    2:09:45 Whereas if I’m like, “Draw this apple on a table and you have two hours to do it,” you
    2:09:50 can scrutinize and tie yourself up and not every which way from Sunday.
    2:09:54 But if it’s a pose that changes every 60 seconds, you just have to draw in any case.
    2:09:56 I find it’s so deeply therapeutic.
    2:10:02 I used to put like a silk scarf in front of a fan and try to draw it.
    2:10:04 That sounds like the word true potential.
    2:10:11 No, it’s like it’s heaven because I had this massive depression and anxiety and you know
    2:10:14 from experience and it’s when you do it for the joy of it.
    2:10:17 The moment you’re doing it for money is just work.
    2:10:22 The reason I went so deeply into it this last January is that I’d always been doing it
    2:10:24 for the result for a long time.
    2:10:25 I was doing it for money.
    2:10:32 I was doing it to give to someone, whatever, to teach and this was just to activate the
    2:10:33 right side of my brain.
    2:10:34 That was it.
    2:10:37 I would be obsessed with a drawing or a painting and when it was done, I would just throw it
    2:10:38 in.
    2:10:39 I don’t even know where they are anymore.
    2:10:42 They just started littering the floor.
    2:10:46 I was in pig heaven and it really does.
    2:10:50 When I’m anxious, this is what I tell myself, “Make something.
    2:10:51 Make something.
    2:10:53 You can’t stay anxious if you’re making something.”
    2:10:54 Yeah, for sure.
    2:10:55 I’d say two quick comments.
    2:11:03 The first is for people who want a great reinforcement of this, make good art, a commencement speech
    2:11:09 by Neil Gaiman is unbelievably good and watch the actual delivery.
    2:11:15 Watch the video because his malifluous dulcet tones add so much to it.
    2:11:17 His delivery is so good.
    2:11:21 The second thing I would say is for those people who are like, “What, how am I going
    2:11:24 to find a naked person in a class and this, that, and the other thing?”
    2:11:31 There are websites and we’ll put some in the show notes where you have effectively gesture
    2:11:34 poses that change and you can set the duration.
    2:11:36 You can mimic this at home.
    2:11:40 You don’t need to do a class, but the class asks so much more to it.
    2:11:42 You’re doing it with other people.
    2:11:43 You’re probably standing.
    2:11:47 You’re actually moving your body and getting away from a staring at something 18 inches
    2:11:50 at a fixed location in front of your face.
    2:11:51 There’s so much more to it.
    2:11:56 What you just described is the way the right hemisphere moves with people in motion with
    2:12:03 the body versus the left hemisphere moves, fixed, rigid, in space, got to get this right.
    2:12:08 There’s an over-emphasis in our entire culture, again, an oversimplification, but there’s
    2:12:14 a huge over-emphasis on left hemisphere functions to the point where this, I love this guy Ian
    2:12:19 McGill-Christ at Oxford, he says the whole culture functions like someone with a right
    2:12:22 hemisphere stroke.
    2:12:28 We’ve lost half our brain and it’s the part that includes that nurtures, that finds meaning,
    2:12:29 that finds joy.
    2:12:31 I mean, we have left out the best part.
    2:12:32 Yeah.
    2:12:33 Yeah.
    2:12:36 There are many different ways of knowing different modes of living.
    2:12:44 So these types of exercises, I’ve just found so important as certainly joy-inducing, but
    2:12:47 just a critical vitamin.
    2:12:52 If you’re deficient in this, the consequence is psychologically or just as dire as if you
    2:12:56 were deficient in essential amino acid or something like that.
    2:13:02 Let me ask you in a slightly different context, as it relates to, it doesn’t need to be specific
    2:13:08 to anxiety, but I’m very curious because Boyd had mentioned this in his long list of potential
    2:13:10 topics that we could discuss.
    2:13:14 So I’m wondering if this ties in in any way or if you could just speak to, he put down
    2:13:19 IFS, so parts work, internal family systems.
    2:13:21 How have you used that?
    2:13:22 What do you find it best for?
    2:13:23 We don’t have to spend a lot of time on that.
    2:13:28 I’m just wondering if there’s an intersection in the same way there might be an intersection.
    2:13:33 If thoughts are beliefs we take to be true, something like that, or beliefs are thoughts
    2:13:34 we take to be true.
    2:13:42 If the work, Byron Katie’s, the work can have such a dramatic impact on people by helping
    2:13:47 them to re-author beliefs, I’m wondering if IFS also has a role.
    2:13:50 And if so, what that role is in, say, the work that you do.
    2:13:51 I think so.
    2:13:55 IFS is going bananas because it works so damn well.
    2:13:57 And I got really curious reading about it.
    2:14:01 So I signed up, I tried to get a training course, but there’s a waiting list, signed
    2:14:06 up with my own IFS therapist, ended up meeting Dick Schwartz, who created IFS and having
    2:14:08 conversations with him about it.
    2:14:11 And the way he puts it, he was a family therapist.
    2:14:15 And there were times when he’s working with a group of people and say the dad was really
    2:14:20 aggressive and a child didn’t want to talk in front of the dad, he’d ask the dad to
    2:14:24 step out of the room and then the child could talk, could speak more freely.
    2:14:29 And then he was working with just one patient and he heard them using a very critical angry
    2:14:30 voice.
    2:14:34 And he had this odd thing of, could I ask whoever just said that to step out of the
    2:14:35 body for a minute?
    2:14:37 Not literally.
    2:14:41 And to his surprise, the patient said, sure.
    2:14:45 And then the critical part stepped out and he said, I’d like to talk to whoever is behind
    2:14:50 this critical voice or whoever disagrees with the critical voice.
    2:14:55 And different parts of the patient would start to express themselves.
    2:14:59 It’s not a shift in identity, it’s not multiple personalities or anything like that.
    2:15:04 It’s just that we all know we have parts as a part of us that loves to go out dancing
    2:15:07 in a part that likes to stay home and go to sleep.
    2:15:10 There’s a part that feels little, there’s a part that feels strong, whatever.
    2:15:15 So the thing is, the Byron Katie work, for example, if you do it, but only one part of
    2:15:21 you does it, there may be another part that is just not down with it.
    2:15:25 And that part needs to have its experience.
    2:15:31 What Dick found was that the parts have their own unique and whole identities.
    2:15:38 And if you respect them, they come together and they start to integrate with each other
    2:15:42 and solve the problems that make your life miserable.
    2:15:44 And it works really, really well.
    2:15:46 Did he use that with clients?
    2:15:51 Yeah, I’m not trained, but he’s also very generous with his theory and there are books
    2:15:52 out there.
    2:15:56 One is called Self Therapy by Jay Early with little illustrations and everything to tell
    2:15:58 you how to use it.
    2:16:02 And the biggest thing I found, especially to relate to anxiety.
    2:16:05 So there’s a part of you that gets anxious and depressed, yeah?
    2:16:09 Or maybe there are two different parts, one anxious, one depressed, I don’t know.
    2:16:15 So when you think about your anxiety or your depression or your insomnia, how do you think
    2:16:16 about it?
    2:16:17 Like, what are the thoughts you think?
    2:16:19 What are the thoughts, I think?
    2:16:21 Yeah, when you’re thinking about insomnia.
    2:16:27 Yeah, I mean, remarkably, I’ve seemingly fixed a lot of that for the first time in 30 years.
    2:16:34 But I would say if we’re talking about anxiety or depression, I’d say the most common type
    2:16:36 of thought pattern.
    2:16:43 And I did do a live, I had Dick on the podcast, Dick Schwartz and we did a live kind of demo.
    2:16:45 Or he asked me if I’d be willing to do it.
    2:16:49 So we did do a live walkthrough, but I’d say to answer your question, the most common thoughts
    2:16:55 that I have are even related to depression, fear-based.
    2:17:00 So for instance, if I don’t get sleep for one or two days, I’m like, catastrophizing.
    2:17:03 I can feel myself slipping.
    2:17:04 I don’t want to go into this state.
    2:17:10 I need to do everything to avoid it, because if I end up in the spiral, ABCDE, EFNG, and
    2:17:14 all these catastrophe scenarios might ensue.
    2:17:21 So there’s a lot of fear around slipping into a persistent depressive or anxious state, especially
    2:17:27 depressive state, because the anxious state I’ve brute-forced through so many thousands
    2:17:37 of times that I have a greater degree of confidence in my ability to just by sheer will and overpowering
    2:17:43 my psyche, I can compensate, whereas the depressive stuff is more handicapping.
    2:17:45 But there’s a lot of fear around it, I would say.
    2:17:46 Yeah.
    2:17:52 So there’s fear, there’s avoidance, there’s dread, there’s catastrophizing.
    2:17:57 Now what I’ve found is that when people talk to me about anxiety, they’re like, “I hate
    2:17:58 it.
    2:17:59 I want to get rid of it.
    2:18:00 I’d do anything to be rid of it.”
    2:18:06 So I had this theory that the part that holds the insomnia or the part that holds the anxiety
    2:18:12 or depression is a part that wants to be included.
    2:18:14 Everything wants to belong, right?
    2:18:20 So when you’re saying, “Get away, I don’t want you,” the part of you that does insomnia
    2:18:27 and depression goes into a kind of panic, because it’s now being told it can’t belong.
    2:18:28 You don’t want it.
    2:18:29 You’ve rejected it.
    2:18:33 And so it ups the ante, and all it knows how to do is keep you awake and make you depressed.
    2:18:35 So it starts to spiral upwards.
    2:18:41 I had this huge breakthrough when I was meditating, and sometimes when I have a negative thing
    2:18:45 that won’t seem to leave, I just use this little let go, let go mantra, and it wasn’t
    2:18:47 letting go.
    2:18:50 And I thought, “Okay, how would Byron Cady do this?”
    2:18:52 And I said, “Let’s stay.”
    2:18:56 So I said to my anxiety at the time, “Stay.
    2:18:57 Don’t go anywhere.
    2:18:58 Please come and sit down.
    2:18:59 Stay here.
    2:19:01 I want you exactly the way you are.
    2:19:04 I accept you exactly the way you are.
    2:19:06 I want you with me.
    2:19:08 I care about you.
    2:19:09 I care about your welfare.
    2:19:11 I want to know all about you.
    2:19:13 I want to know everything about you.
    2:19:15 Come sit by the fire with me.”
    2:19:18 And in a way, it’s what I do with every client.
    2:19:22 It’s what I did with Boyd when we were getting to know each other.
    2:19:27 Sit by the fire with me and tell me your worst fears, your worst stories, because I have room
    2:19:29 enough in my heart for all of them.
    2:19:34 And I said being creative is the opposite of anxiety, but you can’t get to creativity
    2:19:42 if you don’t start with acceptance and compassion and simple kindness toward the self, toward
    2:19:47 the parts of the self that are doing the things you can’t stand.
    2:19:54 And that was a really dramatic shift for me in my insomnia, for one thing.
    2:19:58 But in all the negatives, when I started saying, “Stay.”
    2:19:59 Love that.
    2:20:03 You know what it also makes me think?
    2:20:07 Man-O-Man is a time for me to go back and re-read Radical Acceptance by Tara Brock.
    2:20:08 Probably.
    2:20:09 Yeah, that’s a great book.
    2:20:10 Probably.
    2:20:12 It’s probably time for me to get back on that horse, too.
    2:20:13 I love that.
    2:20:17 Adelaide Field, “Do you have a favorite animal?
    2:20:20 Is there a small set of animals, birds, or otherwise?”
    2:20:21 We’re like, “You know what?
    2:20:22 Yeah, I do.
    2:20:26 I particularly like or find these animals interesting.”
    2:20:28 Yes, I do.
    2:20:29 Cheetahs.
    2:20:30 Cheetahs.
    2:20:31 All right.
    2:20:32 Yes.
    2:20:38 I love big cats anyway, but cheetahs are delicate and scared and skittish because they’re built
    2:20:39 for speed.
    2:20:45 They have those long legs and stuff, and if a lion or a leopard or a hyena gets to them,
    2:20:46 they’re toast.
    2:20:50 I had a chance to meet an orphan cheetah, an adult cheetah.
    2:20:57 You know how dogs have this energy that is just dog genius and horses have this energy,
    2:21:03 which is like, “I’m not about this far away from wild, and I’m scared of everything.”
    2:21:08 Dogs have this energy like serial killers because they are.
    2:21:15 But cheetahs, I came upon a cheetah that was throttling an impala, and it held on until
    2:21:20 the animal had suffocated, and then it looked up at me and it said, “Pew.”
    2:21:25 I’m not this adult cheetah.
    2:21:28 The energy, Tim, you’ve got to meet cheetahs.
    2:21:30 They have dog energy.
    2:21:32 If you put a ton of sugar in it.
    2:21:36 They are the sweetest animals.
    2:21:39 What do you mean by putting a ton of sugar into it?
    2:21:40 They are sweet.
    2:21:41 Just throwing donuts out of the car?
    2:21:46 Not in the wrought-your-teeth way, but just like how dogs love you.
    2:21:48 Cheetahs love you twice that much.
    2:21:53 They love each other twice that much, and it started licking my arm, and it was taking
    2:21:57 off a layer of skin with every lick because they have these really raspy tongues.
    2:22:00 I literally had a scar for months, and I don’t care.
    2:22:01 It could have eaten my arm.
    2:22:06 As far as scar stories go, it’s up there with the grates.
    2:22:08 What happened to your arm?
    2:22:09 Oh, nothing.
    2:22:12 Just a cheetah licked my skin off.
    2:22:13 You never know.
    2:22:14 Yeah.
    2:22:15 Okay, cheetahs.
    2:22:16 Yeah.
    2:22:21 I have not been that close to a cheetah, but I was really overjoyed.
    2:22:31 I think it was my last outing at Londelosie, like in the trackers and rangers and with
    2:22:35 the whole kitten caboodle where they could actually use the radio, so we weren’t on foot,
    2:22:37 at least not initially.
    2:22:39 I really wanted to see a cheetah.
    2:22:44 As it happens, you probably can identify with this maybe, but I was so jet-lagged at one
    2:22:45 point.
    2:22:47 I skipped one morning drive, so of course, they see all these cheetahs.
    2:22:48 Right.
    2:22:49 They’re like, “You missed the cheetahs.
    2:22:56 I’m like, ‘Oh, you got to be kidding me,’ and then luckily, because just the technical
    2:23:02 abilities of these rangers and trackers is so otherworldly, we’re able to find a cheetah
    2:23:09 who’s just killed Nimpala and was resting in the shade and had just eaten a bunch, so
    2:23:10 it wasn’t going anywhere.
    2:23:15 They’re like, “Yeah, don’t worry about it,” and we’re able to get probably within 30 or
    2:23:23 40 feet and just lock eyes, and for those people who haven’t done this, which I’m guessing
    2:23:30 is a pretty large percentage, they have very different eyes from lions or leopards.
    2:23:37 They have this, at least the cheetah eyes saw this deep amber-orange eyes and a very
    2:23:45 square brow, like a very straight brow line, and it’s so distinct.
    2:23:50 As you pointed out, so delicate, I mean, certainly, if push came to shove, they could rip your
    2:23:51 face off.
    2:23:52 Oh, they can kill you six times from something.
    2:23:54 But they’re very, very skittish, right?
    2:23:58 They are going to run away from everything because every other cat can steal, prey from
    2:24:00 them or kill them so that they are built for speed.
    2:24:04 They’ve made a lot of compromises in optimizing for speed.
    2:24:07 Quick side note for people who may not realize this.
    2:24:10 If you look at, say, a leopard’s tail, it’s kind of like a squirrel tail.
    2:24:13 It’s built for balancing at height, so it’s very round.
    2:24:18 It’s very bushy, and a cheetah tail is actually very rectangular.
    2:24:19 It’s almost like a rudder.
    2:24:26 They are a beaver tail turned 90 degrees on its side because they use it for maneuvering
    2:24:30 aerodynamically when they’re traveling at high speeds, so wild.
    2:24:33 But I’ve not, I don’t have a cheetah-licking scar.
    2:24:35 I’m actually very, very envious of this.
    2:24:40 It really goes what you said about every superpower has its cost, though, and I think you would
    2:24:41 identify with cheetahs.
    2:24:44 Yeah, I mean, I love cheetahs.
    2:24:45 I love, love, love cheetahs.
    2:24:53 I’ve only seen them that close that one time, but what a wonderful experience.
    2:24:58 Let’s hop to this far from wild, and I’m afraid of everything.
    2:24:59 Horses.
    2:25:00 Yeah, yeah.
    2:25:06 I want to say, did at one point you own a ranch, am I making that up?
    2:25:07 North Star Ranch.
    2:25:08 Yeah.
    2:25:09 Do you still own the ranch?
    2:25:10 Nope.
    2:25:11 Okay, but you did.
    2:25:12 You moved down to Pennsylvania.
    2:25:13 Okay, but you did.
    2:25:16 This was in San Luis Obispo, slow for six years.
    2:25:17 Yeah, for six years.
    2:25:19 It actually was in a national park.
    2:25:26 I mean, the nearest grocery store was an hour’s drive, and there was no road going past it.
    2:25:29 There was us and a national park.
    2:25:30 Okay.
    2:25:33 I packed a lot of bears and a lot of mountain lion.
    2:25:35 I bet you had a lot.
    2:25:42 So equine therapy was, now I don’t know how much time you’ve spent in that context.
    2:25:47 The reason I’m asking about it, I spent one afternoon here in Texas on a farm that specializes
    2:25:54 in equine therapy for people with PTSD, kids with different neurodiversion conditions,
    2:26:00 including autism, and I wanted to have the experience of interacting with horses.
    2:26:07 I’ve ridden horses before, but being in a pen, interacting without any objective to
    2:26:09 ride a horse is foreign to me.
    2:26:15 Could you describe what this is, and if I’m kind of barking up the wrong tree, please stop
    2:26:20 me, but I’m just curious what your, the broad question is kind of what you gain from interacting
    2:26:27 with animals at large, but since horses will not are less inclined to eat your face, then
    2:26:31 say big cats, it’s a little more approachable for folks.
    2:26:37 That is a huge avalanche of word salad of a non-question, but would you like to take
    2:26:38 on the challenge of doing something with it?
    2:26:39 I love it.
    2:26:40 Yeah.
    2:26:43 I got that ranch because I got the chance to work with some equine therapists and I made
    2:26:49 a sort of amalgamation of the way I coach people with what they were doing and we ran
    2:26:53 seminars and put like work teams through it and everything.
    2:26:59 And the reason it’s so amazing is that I talk about people exuding an energy or cheetahs
    2:27:00 exuding an energy.
    2:27:06 Horses are responding to that energy and they respond in a way that is undeniable.
    2:27:11 So we’d have a team of people and their boss would go into the pen.
    2:27:14 They were all too frightened to tell the boss that he was terrifying.
    2:27:19 The horse would just start to gallop and gallop and gallop and rear and the guy would be,
    2:27:22 “I’m being nice to him.”
    2:27:27 And you could correct for the posture and you correct for, there’s a way to speak horse
    2:27:30 and you speak it with your physical body.
    2:27:34 And you basically have to learn to stop acting like a predator, which we are, and start moving
    2:27:36 more like a prey animal.
    2:27:42 So gentle energy, eyes down, eyes soft, these sort of wishy-washy sounding things.
    2:27:47 But when you’re in there in the pen with the horse and your eyes aren’t soft, the horse
    2:27:48 is afraid.
    2:27:52 And then you learn how to soften your eyes and the horse goes, “Oh,” and like physically
    2:27:54 drops its tension.
    2:28:03 And if you get to a place where you are in really calm, really connected state of being,
    2:28:11 so calm but also open, the horse will make you the leader of the herd.
    2:28:16 And I had a few experiences with that where I was taught to act like a herd leader in this
    2:28:18 one time.
    2:28:21 Some horse whispers took me to a herd and they said, “We want you to join up with this
    2:28:23 one little palomino mare.”
    2:28:28 And there were like 20 horses in this pasture and this one was the most skittish, the hardest
    2:28:30 to get close to at work.
    2:28:34 I had to get my energy so soft and do everything just right.
    2:28:37 But eventually I got to the place, there’s something called, we used to call it join
    2:28:43 up where you walk past the horse and you sort of brush past it with your shoulder and walk
    2:28:47 away and it follows you and you are now its leader.
    2:28:50 I’ve done this with individual horses.
    2:28:55 I finally got this little palomino to join up with me and I walked past her and she came
    2:29:00 with me and then you walk for a while together just to establish the connection.
    2:29:06 And she was walking with me but I heard something weird behind me and so after we’d walked
    2:29:11 and I looked back and I just looked down and over, not over my shoulder, sort of under
    2:29:14 my shoulder because you don’t want your eyes to be up and staring.
    2:29:19 And she was the herd matriarch and when she joined up with me, the whole herd did.
    2:29:23 And they were all walking with me, holy shit.
    2:29:25 Yeah, that’s amazing.
    2:29:29 That’s why I bought a ranch in California, I’m like, “I bought a ranch!”
    2:29:35 And what happens is you start to realize that these horses are just more sensitive to stuff
    2:29:38 that people are seeing in you all the time.
    2:29:42 And we’d put people in with horses and the horses would force them to tell the truth.
    2:29:45 And then the other people, the boss would say, “Am I really that scary?”
    2:29:52 And everybody would go, “All five horses are afraid of you and we are too.”
    2:29:56 And it’s a very, very quick way to learn to tell the truth.
    2:29:58 There was this one woman who kept trying to do it.
    2:30:00 She was having no success at all.
    2:30:04 The horse just kept bopping up against her and she hated it.
    2:30:08 She said she was getting nothing out of the seminar, I was panicking inside.
    2:30:13 And finally, she said, after three days of this, she said, “All right, I’ve been working
    2:30:16 on all these stupid little things, but the real thing is I’m getting a divorce and I
    2:30:18 haven’t told anybody.”
    2:30:22 And she started to cry and it was obvious that was her real issue.
    2:30:26 So we said, “Just go in with the horse and do whatever, but be honest.”
    2:30:31 So she went into the pen and she just stood there and started to cry and the horse came
    2:30:38 up and walked up and touched her with his shoulder and then wrapped his head back around
    2:30:43 so that his nose was touching his flank and just held her.
    2:30:47 And it was a genuine hug.
    2:30:50 This is not me anthropomorphizing.
    2:30:56 When you realize that nature is available to you as a companion, if you just tell the
    2:30:59 truth, it really is worth giving everything else up.
    2:31:02 So why did you sell the ranch?
    2:31:07 Because I felt like it was time, like I’m following this energy through the world.
    2:31:11 And I had written a novel about a woman who goes into the forest of California and has
    2:31:14 all these experiences.
    2:31:17 And then I was going to write a sequel that happens in the eastern forest, the little
    2:31:21 piece of the eastern ancient forest that still survive.
    2:31:24 It was going to be about a plague that affected New York City.
    2:31:30 So I moved to a little patch at the ancient eastern forest in Pennsylvania and then there
    2:31:33 was a plague that affected New York City.
    2:31:40 And I’m writing a sequel now, but I go through life tracking and saying, “I have a ranch
    2:31:41 now.
    2:31:42 I’m a rancher.”
    2:31:43 No, I don’t know.
    2:31:47 I could sell this house and move tomorrow if I felt like I should.
    2:31:48 And I would.
    2:31:56 Okay, so what was the view, if you flashback to the day or the week or the conversation
    2:32:00 or the walk in which you’re like, “I’m done.
    2:32:01 No more ranch.
    2:32:02 What did that look like?”
    2:32:05 Oh, it was much more gentle than that.
    2:32:08 It was like, it was like a death.
    2:32:12 It was like an animal dying, have you ever had to put down a dog?
    2:32:14 Yeah, unfortunately, yes.
    2:32:19 Unfortunately, and yeah, it’s such a clean pain, right?
    2:32:23 Death in nature is not the horror we make it.
    2:32:30 Death in nature is this deep gratitude for physical experience and then this profound
    2:32:36 release of the physical form of what you loved and it teaches you how to die.
    2:32:40 And when you really know how to die, then you can live without any fear.
    2:32:47 And I felt the ranch dying for me and something else coming to life.
    2:32:48 And I grieved.
    2:32:49 How did that…
    2:32:53 Just because I think that might sound hard to grasp for some folks.
    2:32:54 Yeah, it is.
    2:32:55 I know.
    2:32:56 Yeah.
    2:32:57 So like, what does that feel like?
    2:33:00 It was… this was exactly the place I was supposed to be.
    2:33:03 And now, well, Liz said it and eat, pray, love.
    2:33:07 Now it is time for something that is beautiful to change into something else that is beautiful.
    2:33:14 And I knew that if I stayed there, the beauty of it would decay because the real beauty,
    2:33:18 it’s like I said to myself in that month of my right hemisphere stuff, it’s not about
    2:33:21 the picture I’m painting, it’s not about the painting, it’s about painting.
    2:33:27 It’s about the process of being in continuous creative response to whatever is present.
    2:33:29 That state of mind.
    2:33:30 And it said buy a ranch.
    2:33:31 So I bought…
    2:33:36 I literally on my 50th birthday spent every penny I had on a ranch and six years later,
    2:33:37 I sold it.
    2:33:41 And you know something great, we had a wonderful massage therapist who used to come out and
    2:33:42 work on people there.
    2:33:47 And, you know, she’d have her massage table in her car, but I’m sure she was living kind
    2:33:50 of paycheck to paycheck her hand to mouth when we decided to leave.
    2:33:54 She inherited a whole bunch of money and bought the ranch.
    2:33:55 That’s wild.
    2:33:57 And Boyd loves her.
    2:33:58 We all love her.
    2:33:59 That’s amazing.
    2:34:00 Yeah.
    2:34:05 And then this place, there were wild turkeys and deer and everything in the place we came
    2:34:06 here.
    2:34:10 The first thing that happened when I saw this house was a whole flock of wild turkeys walked
    2:34:11 out of the forest.
    2:34:12 And I’ve never seen them since.
    2:34:16 It was just like I was being welcomed.
    2:34:18 You know how londelosie is?
    2:34:20 Nature’s like that everywhere.
    2:34:26 And that’s why it’s worth it to tell the truth and let people hate you because nature loves
    2:34:28 you when you tell the truth.
    2:34:32 And it tells you to go places and have adventures.
    2:34:33 I just went to Costa Rica.
    2:34:35 We didn’t see any monkeys for six days.
    2:34:37 So I went and I energetically called monkeys.
    2:34:39 I know it’s stupid.
    2:34:41 We got mobbed by monkeys.
    2:34:48 They were everywhere until my son got scared of them and I had to ask them to leave with
    2:34:51 my mind.
    2:34:52 The monkey whisper.
    2:34:53 I don’t see that in your bio.
    2:34:56 It was just last week.
    2:34:57 Oh, wait.
    2:34:58 No.
    2:34:59 Here it is on your LinkedIn.
    2:35:00 That’s right.
    2:35:01 Okay.
    2:35:02 Yeah.
    2:35:06 This is 2020 to present monkey whispering ink.
    2:35:07 I like it.
    2:35:12 Monkeys also look, I mean, all of the fables about monkeys, there’s something to it.
    2:35:16 Those beautiful creatures can also be mischievous rat bastards.
    2:35:17 Scary animals.
    2:35:18 They are scary.
    2:35:19 Oh my God.
    2:35:23 Boyd’s stories about baboons are the most hilarious.
    2:35:25 Baboons are especially terrifying.
    2:35:26 Yeah.
    2:35:27 Oh boy.
    2:35:28 I was listening.
    2:35:29 You know, it’s funny I mentioned baboons.
    2:35:33 I was listening to recordings from Lottolosie two days ago.
    2:35:38 I shouldn’t have done it right before bed because I had some terrifying dreams but listening
    2:35:40 to baboon alarm calls.
    2:35:41 Yeah.
    2:35:42 Don’t listen to baboon.
    2:35:46 Don’t listen to baboon alarm calls right before you go to bed.
    2:35:47 Yeah.
    2:35:48 Not good.
    2:35:49 Novice mistake.
    2:35:50 Don’t do that.
    2:35:51 But yeah.
    2:35:52 Costa Rica.
    2:35:53 Were they spider monkeys?
    2:35:54 Howlers?
    2:35:55 No, they were cappichins.
    2:35:56 Oh, nice.
    2:35:57 They’re cute.
    2:35:58 Yeah.
    2:35:59 Yeah.
    2:36:00 And they can get a little scary.
    2:36:02 Well, Martha, we’ve covered a lot of ground.
    2:36:10 Is there anything else that you would like to chat about before we land the plane for
    2:36:12 this first conversation?
    2:36:19 This might sound so yarfy but I’m really grateful for you and for the life you’ve lived and
    2:36:26 for your differences and how you’ve pushed them and then you’ve given them to the world
    2:36:35 just so generously and completely and you’ve given me so much time today and I feel an enormous
    2:36:41 joy and okay, I love your presence, your energy, your being.
    2:36:48 I am awash in wonder the way I am when I’m in nature and I made a really interesting
    2:36:49 creature.
    2:36:50 Thank you.
    2:36:53 Thank you so much.
    2:36:58 I’ve been a fan from afar for a long time so it’s really nice to finally connect and
    2:37:05 Boyd has been sort of patiently waiting, I guess, for me to make the connection I’ve
    2:37:09 wanted to do for quite a while and the story is certainly that he tells now we’ve gotten
    2:37:11 to pay him back with stories about Boyd.
    2:37:12 That’s right.
    2:37:13 But he can’t find himself.
    2:37:16 And we should all hang out and make some more stories because I will tell you one thing.
    2:37:22 If you go wherever you feel you’re supposed to go to maximize your joy, your adventure
    2:37:23 is just increased.
    2:37:24 Yeah.
    2:37:32 I feel like I’m in a liminal phase right now between one thing and the next and there’s
    2:37:36 probably quite a bit running in parallel but I’m excited, I have no idea what that next
    2:37:37 big thing is.
    2:37:44 In some traditional cultures in like Europe, for example, probably Europe before civilization,
    2:37:48 the threshold is the place of magic because it’s not one place or another and when you’re
    2:37:55 on it, you’re not anyone, anywhere, your liminal phase is the place where you’re completely
    2:37:58 informed but that’s why it’s a place you can do magic.
    2:38:03 So maybe you should just stay in the liminal phase and hang out here, hang out in the waiting
    2:38:13 room for a little bit, the custom, yeah, the customs office between territories, yeah,
    2:38:17 the boundary walking, I enjoy just walking on it as opposed to crossing over it.
    2:38:19 So maybe I’ll hang out here for a bit.
    2:38:21 That’s where the shamans live.
    2:38:24 Oh, Trixie Trixie shamans, yes.
    2:38:26 The monkeys of the human race.
    2:38:29 Oh yeah, oh yeah, that’s for sure.
    2:38:34 When you’re like, why did so many cultures murder so many shamans, you’re like, well,
    2:38:38 you know, they can be rascals, they can be very Trixie.
    2:38:44 There is a really fun book, just you may have already come across this, but Trickster makes
    2:38:50 this world, or made this world by Lewis Hyde, fascinating, really fun book if people want
    2:38:57 to get into Trickster mythology and of course, it’s tricky and of course how these archetypes
    2:39:02 are present in all of us in some more so than others, but I’ve been spending more and more
    2:39:03 time with mythology.
    2:39:04 There’s a lot there.
    2:39:10 If you stay in the liminal phase and tell the truth all the time instead of being Trixie,
    2:39:14 if you learn the magic and tell the truth, you have to use it in ways that are for good
    2:39:16 and not evil.
    2:39:21 And that is like, I think maybe that’s what we’re supposed to, we’re all humans are supposed
    2:39:22 to do that.
    2:39:25 I don’t know, Byron Katie does it.
    2:39:29 And by Trixie, I don’t mean necessarily bad, I just mean Trixie.
    2:39:30 Really Trixie.
    2:39:36 Probably doesn’t help very much, but I mean, if you look at like Coyote or Raven or any
    2:39:44 number of, exactly, these Trickster deities, it’s like usually they are incredible creators,
    2:39:49 they’ve stolen something from the gods and bestowed it to humans, they’ve done a lot
    2:39:54 of good and they’re constantly getting themselves into trouble.
    2:39:57 Oh, it’s just a nightmare.
    2:39:58 Yeah.
    2:40:04 So I’m going to try to avoid some of the trouble, but I do like, I think there’s some liminal
    2:40:08 mischief that might be right on the doorstep that could be fun to explore.
    2:40:09 So we’ll see where that goes.
    2:40:10 I want to hear about that.
    2:40:11 Yeah.
    2:40:15 That might be a show don’t tell kind of situation, so that would be my show until we’ll see
    2:40:16 where it goes.
    2:40:19 But it’s been such a pleasure to spend time with you today.
    2:40:25 Thank you again for taking the time and your recent book is The Way of Integrity, Finding
    2:40:30 the Path to Your True Self, New York Times bestseller, Oprah’s book club selection.
    2:40:35 I found your thinking on integrity and your writing on integrity incredibly powerful.
    2:40:41 Your upcoming book is Beyond Anxiety, Curiosity, Creativity and Finding Your Life’s Purpose.
    2:40:43 That is forthcoming.
    2:40:45 So people have that to look forward to.
    2:40:51 And they can find you and all things Martha Beck, I would imagine, at marthabeck.com.
    2:40:57 And the Martha Beck is your account on Facebook, Instagram, et cetera, and then we’ll link
    2:41:00 to all these things in the show notes for everybody at TimDubbLog/podcast, so we’ll
    2:41:04 put everything in one place, including everything we talked about.
    2:41:11 And I’m very grateful to have this opportunity to bake some conversational cake with you
    2:41:12 today.
    2:41:15 I love the cakes you make.
    2:41:17 Let’s bake more someday.
    2:41:18 Yeah, let’s bake more.
    2:41:19 Thank you.
    2:41:25 Thank you for this opportunity to get to know you and also to be on the podcast in that
    2:41:26 order.
    2:41:27 Yeah, for sure.
    2:41:28 Absolutely.
    2:41:29 My pleasure entirely.
    2:41:33 And for everybody listening, as usual, I mentioned where you can find the show notes.
    2:41:38 And until next time, be just a bit kinder than is necessary to others and to yourself.
    2:41:40 Don’t forget the last part.
    2:41:42 And thanks for tuning in.
    2:41:46 Hey, guys, this is Tim again, just one more thing before you take off.
    2:41:49 And that is Five Bullet Friday.
    2:41:53 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every Friday that provides a little fun
    2:41:54 before the weekend?
    2:41:58 Between one and a half and two million people subscribe to my free newsletter, my super short
    2:42:01 newsletter called Five Bullet Friday.
    2:42:03 Easy to sign up, easy to cancel.
    2:42:08 It is basically a half page that I send out every Friday to share the coolest things I’ve
    2:42:11 found or discovered or have started exploring over that week.
    2:42:13 It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:42:19 It often includes articles I’m reading, books I’m reading, albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos,
    2:42:24 all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me by my friends, including a lot
    2:42:29 of podcasts, guests, and these strange esoteric things end up in my field.
    2:42:33 And then I test them and then I share them with you.
    2:42:37 So if that sounds fun, again, it’s very short, a little tiny bite of goodness before you
    2:42:40 head off for the weekend, something to think about.
    2:42:44 If you’d like to try it out, just go to tim.blog/friday.
    2:42:49 Type that into your browser, tim.blog/friday, drop in your email and you’ll get the very
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    2:42:51 Thanks for listening.
    2:42:56 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I
    2:43:02 try to access something, say a show on Amazon or elsewhere and it says not available in
    2:43:07 your current location, something like that, or creepier still if you’re at home and this
    2:43:08 has happened to me.
    2:43:14 I search for something or I type in a URL incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops
    2:43:17 up and it says you might be searching for this.
    2:43:18 How about that?
    2:43:22 And it suggests an alternative and I think to myself, wait a second, my internet service
    2:43:27 provider is tracking my searches and what I’m typing into the browser.
    2:43:33 Yeah, I don’t love it and a lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously.
    2:43:38 That is why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor ExpressVPN for several years now and
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    2:43:54 And no, you are not safe simply using incognito mode in your browser.
    2:43:56 This was something that I got wrong for a long time.
    2:44:00 Your activity might still be visible as in the example I gave to your internet service
    2:44:02 provider.
    2:44:04 Incognito mode also does not hide your IP address.
    2:44:08 Also with the example that I gave of you can’t access this kind of that content wherever
    2:44:11 you happen to be, then you just set your server to a country where you can see it and all
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    2:47:59 (audience applauding)

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #133 “Edward Norton on Mastery, Must-Read Books, and The Future of Crowdfunding” and #732 “Martha Beck — The Amazing and Brutal Results of Zero Lies for 365 Days, How to Do a Beginner ‘Integrity Cleanse,’ Lessons from Lion Trackers, and Novel Tactics for Reducing Anxiety.

    Please enjoy!

    Sponsors:

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start 

    [05:45] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [06:48] Enter Edward Norton.

    [07:19] Edward’s introduction to acting.

    [08:45] First theater mentors and what they instilled in Edward.

    [12:11] Who comes to mind when Edward hears the word “successful?”

    [13:18] Most gifted books.

    [14:28] Life-changing essays.

    [15:50] Favorite documentaries.

    [16:40] Underrated movies.

    [18:51] Edward’s advice to his younger selves.

    [20:09] Community appreciation.

    [22:37] Enter Martha Beck.

    [23:08] My contribution to teen atrociousness.

    [23:40] Connecting with Boyd Varty.

    [29:28] The path of not here.

    [33:25] Finding joy in the body can save your life.

    [38:18] The pregnant pause that ended Martha’s obsession with intellect.

    [43:52] Sensitivity and suffering.

    [47:38] The year of living lie-lessly.

    [52:37] An illuminating change of perspective.

    [1:02:08] The path to taking a black belt integrity cleanse.

    [1:05:36] Owning your right to say “No.”

    [1:09:39] Alternatives to “No” that remain honest.

    [1:13:05] The language of candor.

    [1:15:24] Ending relationships that have run their course.

    [1:16:30] The Asian influence.

    [1:20:20] Sweet or savory?

    [1:21:30] Are you comfortable?

    [1:23:27] Want vs. yearning and jumping the track.

    [1:36:30] Rhino ruminations.

    [1:38:00] The Tao Te Ching, Stephen Mitchell, and Byron Katie.

    [1:49:13] America’s Goethe?

    [1:52:15] Weighing kryptonite against superpowers.

    [2:00:09] Exploring the opposite of anxiety.

    [2:12:55] Dick Schwartz and Internal Family Systems.

    [2:17:46] Compassion even for the self’s unwanted pieces.

    [2:20:14] Favorite animal.

    [2:24:52] Equine therapy.

    [2:31:00] Selling the ranch.

    [2:34:31] The monkey whisperer.

    [2:36:00] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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  • #763: Margaret Atwood and Boyd Varty

    AI transcript
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    0:03:23 basic, basic, basic requirement. That is why things are called supplements.
    0:03:28 Of course, that’s what I focus on, but it is not always possible. It is not always easy.
    0:03:35 So part of my routine is using AG1 daily. If I’m on the road, on the run, it just makes
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    0:04:36 At this altitude, I can run flat out for a half mile before my hands start shaking.
    0:04:40 Can I also ask you a personal question? No, I would have seen it in my lifetime.
    0:04:46 I’m a cybernetics organism, living this year over a metal endoskeleton.
    0:04:59 Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferriss. Welcome to another episode of the Tim
    0:05:04 Ferriss Show, where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every field
    0:05:09 imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply
    0:05:14 and test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast
    0:05:20 recently hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and passed 1 billion
    0:05:26 downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best, some of my favorites
    0:05:32 from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited to give you these
    0:05:36 super combo episodes. And internally, we’ve been calling these the super combo episodes
    0:05:42 because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household names, the super famous folks,
    0:05:48 but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider stars. These are people who have
    0:05:53 transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many of you. Perhaps they got
    0:05:58 lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode. Just trust me on this one, we went
    0:06:05 to great pains to put these pairings together. And for the bios of all guests, you can find
    0:06:12 that and more at tim.blog/combo. And now, without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening.
    0:06:21 First up, Margaret Atwood, author of more than 50 books of fiction, poetry, critical essays,
    0:06:28 and graphic novels, including The Handmaid’s Tale, winner of the Arthur C. Clark Award,
    0:06:35 and its sequel, The Testaments, co-winner of the 2019 Booker Prize, The Blind Assassin,
    0:06:42 winner of the 2000 Booker Prize, and her latest, Old Babes in the Wood, a collection of her short
    0:06:49 stories. You can find Margaret on Twitter @MargaretAtwood. In the course of doing research
    0:06:54 for this conversation, I read about the different ways we could look at the semantics of, say,
    0:07:01 science fiction on some other planet with creatures never before seen, versus, say, speculative fiction
    0:07:08 where you’re taking something that exists or is in the process of becoming and then taking it a few
    0:07:14 steps out. And you seem to be a master of that, which would make you a master, in my mind, of
    0:07:21 boundary walking. What types of structured thinking or observation lend themselves to your ability to
    0:07:27 write speculative fiction? Okay, you might say the lack of the qualities that make it difficult for
    0:07:33 me to write science fiction, which I read a lot of, plus dragons, you know, I’m keen on dragons,
    0:07:38 but I just cannot do them. So there are some things that you can do, they have the ability
    0:07:46 to do, and other things that you may admire, but you cannot do. So dragons outside my range
    0:07:52 of capabilities in any way or as a Lucala Gwyn is kind of sewed up dragons. She got sort of the
    0:07:59 dragon franchise. Yeah, so Game of Thrones, the dragons are basically sort of like bazookas,
    0:08:06 but her dragons have a great intellect and different powers and other things that
    0:08:13 are usually attributed to dragons in the English tradition, but they are in the Chinese tradition,
    0:08:19 etc. We could go on about that, but we won’t today. Now, you wanted to know
    0:08:24 sort of what’s behind it. Yeah, what’s behind the speculative fiction? What makes you get at it?
    0:08:30 I grew up in the 50s as a teenager, and I read a lot of those things at that time.
    0:08:40 So I read 1984 just after it came out. So I read it in the paperback version with the typically
    0:08:47 sleazy cover of the early 50s. They put classics into these quite, what shall we say about those
    0:08:52 covers? They made you think that you were buying a really trashy book. So I think a lot of people
    0:08:58 got enticed into reading like War and Peace and things because they thought it was about ladies
    0:09:07 and negligents lying on beds, which partly was, but not much really. So my copy of 1984 had this
    0:09:13 woman with an enormous cleavage in the foreground and a guy standing behind her looking down her
    0:09:22 front, which does get in there a bit, but that’s not the general import of the book. So I mainlined
    0:09:29 all of those books. I read Ray Bradbury a lot. You’ll notice that I ended up writing in one of
    0:09:35 his obits. I think for The Guardian. I went to Comic-Con for the first time because we thought
    0:09:40 we were on our way to see Ray, but unfortunately, he died before we got there. So we ended up having
    0:09:48 a memorial service at Comic-Con for Ray Bradbury, one of the great inventors in several fields,
    0:09:56 really. So I read all of those things. John Windham, I was reading in the 50s. And I think what you
    0:10:05 read as a teenage person often goes on to influence what you were then writing when you’re able to,
    0:10:10 you know, when you have these skills. So I think I had it in my mind for a while. I would like to
    0:10:20 write in 1984 only with women like that. So meanwhile, along comes Ursula K and a number of other
    0:10:26 people that I was following. So really, it’s partly what you’re drawn to and partly what you
    0:10:34 have the skills to do. As I say, I can’t do dragons. Well, I can’t do dragons or speculative
    0:10:40 fiction, so you have me beat. I can’t do podcasts, you know? Well, you know, podcasts are just ephemera
    0:10:45 in the midst. I think that your works will have much more permanence. But I can hope. I can hope
    0:10:51 that someday the audio will get locked in the amber in the same way that words are.
    0:10:57 I’m sure it will. I want to go back in time from your teenage years. I’ve read about your experience
    0:11:03 of growing up in a cabin in the woods and some of the benefits of that, the lack of distractions,
    0:11:07 giving you the concentration that perhaps helped you become a writer later and so on.
    0:11:15 I’m thinking about having kids in the very near future. And I fantasize about living in the woods
    0:11:20 because I feel most at home in the woods. Were there any downsides, would you say?
    0:11:25 Okay, which woods are you thinking of, Tim? Any woods? What sort of woods?
    0:11:32 I like varied terrain. So I prefer something that isn’t flat. So we could think American West,
    0:11:37 we could think upstate New York, we could think British Columbia in certain locations.
    0:11:46 I would prefer not to hear or see any neighbors. I would like to have lots of trails
    0:11:54 that I can explore with my dog or dogs or family and running water of some type
    0:12:00 and a lake or a pond, having access to both of those, or one of those at least.
    0:12:04 I grew up on long islands, more or less, in the woods. That’s my idealized version,
    0:12:08 but I don’t know what it’s like to raise kids in the woods. I’m curious if there are any downsides.
    0:12:12 Well, you should ask my mom, except she’s not here.
    0:12:13 She is not here.
    0:12:20 But I can tell you what she said. Yeah, she’s kind of still here. So my mom was an unusual person
    0:12:29 in that she liked being outdoors most of the time. She was very athletic. She grew up in rural
    0:12:36 Nova Scotia. She was a big horse person. She loved horses. She had horses. She rode them hither
    0:12:44 and thither. And she was also a speed skater and of course a skier and this kind of thing. So I think
    0:12:53 she married my dad because he was a very bushy guy. And he grew up in even more rural Nova Scotia,
    0:12:59 like really rural. So they were so rural that I don’t think they got electricity until the
    0:13:06 late fifties. I was lucky enough to be able to see a 19th century farm operating pretty much
    0:13:15 the way it would have done. So I think she, who didn’t like hats, little white gloves, tea parties,
    0:13:22 any of that, she really didn’t like it. Didn’t fancy it. She liked dancing, like fast and furious
    0:13:28 waltzing and things like that. Square dancing, but she didn’t like the frilly part. And up in the
    0:13:32 woods was great for her because she said you didn’t actually have to do much housework. You just
    0:13:39 swept the dirt out the door and you didn’t have to worry about all of the stuff that people have
    0:13:47 in their houses, usually like bric-a-brac and china and things like that. You don’t have to worry about
    0:13:57 those. So she didn’t. And she doesn’t seem to have had a problem in the woods except my brother almost
    0:14:03 drowned once because he got out and fell off the dock. But apart from that and a few other
    0:14:11 somewhat hairy moments, it was probably safer on the whole than being in a city.
    0:14:17 Anyway, she seems to have managed pretty well although some of her city friends because they
    0:14:24 were in cities during the winter. My dad was a forest entomologist. It meant he was up in the
    0:14:30 woods when the insects were doing things. But as a rule, you could take it as almost 100%. They
    0:14:39 don’t do much in the winter. Insects. Pretty quiet insect-wise in the winter. So they would go up in
    0:14:45 say April or so and they would go back in, for instance, November. But this is, I think, quite a
    0:14:50 lot further north than you were thinking of being in the woods. Tim, I think you’re thinking of a
    0:14:56 more southerly location. Yeah. I think probably not, you know, Baffin Island or anything like that.
    0:15:01 No, they weren’t up there. I know. I’m just kidding. I’m just kidding.
    0:15:08 Insects live in trees. He was a forest entomologist, right? So there had to be a forest.
    0:15:14 There had to be the forest. They had running water, but it was out of a pump. And they didn’t have
    0:15:24 electricity. And the transportation was by boat. So no roads there. You could get to, I think by
    0:15:29 1939, there was this horrible road, which I remember very well. You’d always get cars that
    0:15:34 going over it. And then you’d get to a place where you left the car and then you’d get in a boat.
    0:15:41 So then it was during the war. So there weren’t even a lot of motor boats because gasoline was
    0:15:50 rationed. So canoes. I would love to hear you describe an experience that came up in my reading
    0:15:59 in preparation for this. And it relates to a day you found yourself walking across a football field.
    0:16:06 I don’t know if that’s enough of a cue, but I would love to hear you expand on this because I
    0:16:10 did read about it, but I feel like there’s probably more to the story. So could you please
    0:16:16 just provide some color and tell the story? Writers make stuff up, Tim. You ask them questions
    0:16:20 that essentially have no answers, but they make stuff up anyway. So I’ll tell you what I made
    0:16:29 up, but it is kind of true. Sounds like my life. Yeah, right. It’s like that. It’s mostly kind of
    0:16:34 true. Yeah, it’s sort of true. Your previous question, what did growing up in the woods have
    0:16:42 to do with being a writer? There wasn’t anything to do except when it was raining, except reading,
    0:16:48 writing, and drawing. So there were no other things to do, like no theaters, no schools, no
    0:16:56 television, no, what else can you think of? None of those things. So therefore, I fixated on writing
    0:17:04 pretty early. And it was a narrative family. People told stories. And my older brother was a
    0:17:08 gung-ho writer. He wrote lots of things at that age. He turned into a scientist, but
    0:17:16 he was very narrative when he was, say, 10, 9. Anyway, back to the football field. There I am.
    0:17:24 Having written my first novel at the age of seven, it was about an aunt. Some structural
    0:17:29 difficulties there, Tim, because aunts don’t do anything until they’re in the fourth stage of
    0:17:35 their life. They don’t do anything when they’re an egg. They don’t do anything when they’re a larva.
    0:17:40 They do nothing when they’re a pupa. And it’s only when you get to, you know, the last part
    0:17:46 of the story that they actually have any legs. So I don’t start books that way anymore, Tim,
    0:17:53 but I did then. So then I stopped writing. I took to drawing. I drew a lot. Then I ended up in high
    0:18:00 school at slightly too early an age. They skipped people then. I think they stopped doing that.
    0:18:06 So I was 12 and some of the people in my class were almost 16, because they failed people then,
    0:18:15 Tim. So it was a slightly daunting experience, but things evened out after that. Yes, I was quite
    0:18:22 short. I’m still quite short. I’m still quite short. People got bigger. For a while, I was sort of
    0:18:28 normal size, but that’s no longer true. There’s all these, you know, enormous kids who drank a
    0:18:36 lot of milk with vitamins in it. Anyway, there I was in high school. I love my grade 11 teacher.
    0:18:40 That would be one, two, the third year of high school. What do you call that?
    0:18:45 I guess junior, junior year. What do you guys call it? Fifth form? I don’t know if you use
    0:18:50 a British system. I have no idea. No, that’s English. Yeah. What do you guys call it in Canada?
    0:18:55 Well, we called it different grades, like 9, 10, 11, 12, and in those days, 13,
    0:18:58 but they’ve done away with that. Yeah, we would call it 11th or junior year.
    0:19:05 Junior, yeah. So my great English teacher who I put in a book, because she was a peculiar,
    0:19:11 people go back and they do documentaries about you, right? And usually the teacher says, “Oh,
    0:19:16 yes, I can see instantly great brilliant Sean right out of her hand.” And I can tell she was,
    0:19:20 you know, slated for greatness, but she told the truth. She said she showed no particular
    0:19:26 ability in my class, which was true. I didn’t show any particular ability in her class.
    0:19:34 And I had no idea then that I was going to be a writer. It didn’t strike me until the next year
    0:19:42 when I had a different English teacher who I’ve also put into a story because she was a legend
    0:19:48 in her own time. She took hold of the people in her class and she yanked them through the curriculum.
    0:19:56 No matter what, no matter what she got us through. And her name was Miss Bessie Billings,
    0:20:01 and she made the immortal comment because I showed her one of my poems. She said,
    0:20:04 “I don’t understand this at all, dear, so it must be good.”
    0:20:12 So wonderful. I love it. That is great. That is great. Yeah. So I started writing poetry in grade
    0:20:20 12. And the story I tell about that is that I was crossing the football field and a pink princess
    0:20:27 line dress that I had sewed myself. A work of art, Tim. You don’t know what that is, do you?
    0:20:31 Oh, I can envision, based on some of the words, what it might look like.
    0:20:36 Princess line. It had these panels and then it sort of flared out. Anyway, it was great.
    0:20:40 Loved it. It had a beautiful sort of button on the front, which I still have.
    0:20:47 I’d made a terrible mistake. I’d gone into home economics instead of the secretarial sciences,
    0:20:53 which I should have done had I known. I would have done that and then I would know how to touch type,
    0:21:00 which I don’t. And it’s too late now, Tim. So there I was in my pink princess line
    0:21:07 dress crossing the football field and a poem occurred to me. It wasn’t a very good poem,
    0:21:12 but it was a poem. I was very excited about it. And this is how these things start.
    0:21:16 You write some pretty terrible poetry that you’re very excited about.
    0:21:23 And luckily, there’s nobody there to tell you this is really terrible poetry. And then you go on from
    0:21:29 there. What did it feel like when this poem came to you? I mean, the lie. Now, you can tell me how
    0:21:34 much of this is revisionist history and storytelling and how much of it is a reflection of your
    0:21:39 experience, but quote a large invisible thumb descended from the sky. It’s the Eureka moment,
    0:21:45 Tim. Yeah, a big thumb came out of the sky. You believe that? What else would you like me to
    0:21:52 tell you that you will also believe? I already asked about astrology, so you got me. Yeah,
    0:21:58 you can tell me anything. It was very interesting to me. I had been trying out these potential
    0:22:04 careers, like I was going to be a painter and then I revised that. I was going to be a fashion
    0:22:11 designer and then I revised that and I went into home economics because in the textbook that was
    0:22:16 called guidance in grade nine, you were supposed to decide what your career was going to be. Can
    0:22:24 you imagine who knows anything when they’re that old? So the guidance textbook had five things that
    0:22:32 girls could do and they did not include astrophysicists. Let’s see if you can guess what they were
    0:22:40 in 1952. I think I can, but I’m cheating. Nurse secretary, school teacher, airline stewardess,
    0:22:48 as they were known, and home economist. You’ve read what I wrote. I know I’m a bad cheater.
    0:22:58 I have a very good cheater. You didn’t get away with it. That’s what was on offer and being a
    0:23:04 mercenary child, I looked at what they made because I did grow up in a family in which it
    0:23:11 was expected that you would support yourself. So the home economists made the most, believe it or
    0:23:17 not. So I went into that, but then I decided, no, this is not for me. I’m going to be a biologist.
    0:23:24 I was going to be a botanist because I was actually quite good at it. But then along came this writing
    0:23:30 much to my parents’ dismay, but being the bite your tongue kind of parents, I think they just
    0:23:36 hoped it would be a phase that would grow out of it. It’s been a long phase. Who would see them?
    0:23:41 A phase. Well, they did say the very practical thing right off the bat. They said, “Well,
    0:23:45 how are you going to support yourself?” I said, “You know, I’ll get a job,” which I did. I got
    0:23:52 lots of jobs. And then my mother said rather costically, “If you’re going to be a writer,
    0:23:56 you’d better learn to spell.” And I said, “Others will do that for me.” And you know, they have.
    0:24:04 Now we have spell check. You know, all good things come to those who wait, I guess. You were
    0:24:10 right. You were right. That took a while. It’s been panned out. So you wrote, if I’m getting
    0:24:15 the chronology right, you wrote for 16 years before you could make a living out of it.
    0:24:20 You had all these different jobs, as you mentioned, as a cashier and a coffee shop
    0:24:26 and many others. It’s bad at that. Over those 16 years, were you maintaining the belief that
    0:24:31 someday it would pay the bills and you would be able to make a living out of it? Or was it
    0:24:37 just a labor of love while you did these other things? Oh, the writing? Yes. You mean did I
    0:24:44 ever think I would make a living out of it? No. People in my age group, in my country at that
    0:24:52 time, didn’t think that way. They might have thought that way in the 30s and even in the 40s
    0:24:58 where there were a couple of bestsellers written by people in our country. But right after the
    0:25:06 war, during the 50s, a couple of things had happened. And one of them was that the paperback
    0:25:13 book industry had taken off. I think it started with the Penguin in the UK and then it was
    0:25:22 Pocket Books. And Canada didn’t have, it had some nascent book publishers, but paperbacks
    0:25:31 were not included in them. So the Glossy Magazine market was also drying up. So a writer like Morley
    0:25:36 Callahan, who wrote a lot of short stories in the 20s and 30s, made a living out of selling to
    0:25:43 Glossies. That was dwindling by that time. Some of them still existed, but not in the same way that
    0:25:50 they had. So we weren’t really thinking in those terms and there were no agents in Canada at that
    0:25:56 time. We didn’t even really quite understand what they were. There were some publishers, but they
    0:26:01 didn’t publish very many Canadian books because it was thought there wasn’t a market for them.
    0:26:09 So if you wanted to publish a novel, your publisher would say, “Well, we have to get a partner either
    0:26:16 in London or in New York.” And that was easier said than done. So the book publishing that had
    0:26:22 been going on in the 30s of cheap hardbacks kind of dried up. In fact, let me just be
    0:26:29 a little more certain about that. It was gone having had paperbacks take its place. So it was
    0:26:36 hardbacks and I’ve always been interested in the underpinnings to all of these things. In fact,
    0:26:46 I was associated with a small publishing company in the late 60s and early 70s and a lot of it
    0:26:54 was about money. Like how many can we sell? What can we publish to support these works of cutting
    0:27:01 edge experimental fiction that nobody’s going to buy? What can we publish? So we did. We published
    0:27:08 the first book on venereal disease. It was called VD. You know, idiots guides. These were sort of
    0:27:14 idiots guides before there were idiots guides. We got as far as warts, but we didn’t get two
    0:27:22 aids because nobody knew about it yet. It’s like that. So let me let me hop in for just a second.
    0:27:26 When you’re writing for 16 years, not thinking you can make a living from it,
    0:27:31 what did you get from the writing? And did you share your writing with anyone?
    0:27:39 Oh, absolutely. We were all sharing our stuff around because we were editing each other’s work.
    0:27:46 We were publishing each other’s work. All of the the poets were connected through this kind of
    0:27:55 spider web network of little magazines. That was both in Canada, the U.S., England. There were
    0:28:02 these little magazines that published poetry and people knew each other through them. So the
    0:28:10 poets knew one another before the novelists did in our country. The poets were more peripatetic.
    0:28:17 They would get on the greyhound bus and turn up at your door and sleep on your rug. I knew in your
    0:28:23 turn might get on the greyhound bus and turn up at somebody else’s door and sleep on their rug. So
    0:28:29 it was a sort of a rug exchange of poets. They would turn up here and there and give
    0:28:35 readings and out of the way places and some of them. Do you remember it? No, you don’t. Sorry.
    0:28:42 Coffee shops. Coffee shop readings. No, I know coffee shops. No, I do. I do. I have been to a
    0:28:47 coffee shop reading. Well, a different kind of coffee shops. Let me not say shops. It should
    0:28:53 be houses. So they didn’t have liquor licenses. So basically people brought flasks and their
    0:29:02 handbags, pockets and things like that. And you had the usually condemned warehouse or something and
    0:29:10 the little tables with the checkered tablecloths, the little wine bottles with the candle stuck in
    0:29:20 them and the open mic. So poetry night usually on a Tuesday. Sounds great. Sounds like a lot of fun.
    0:29:26 Down part of the week. Well, the folk singing and jazz went on on other nights of the week such as
    0:29:33 Thursday, Friday and Saturday. That’s how they supported the poetry readings. So we did that in
    0:29:42 the early 60s. And then the poetry readings spread to universities, some of them and then to bookstores.
    0:29:50 They decided that they could do that too. And the big festivals didn’t start happening until the
    0:29:57 mid 70s, I would say. All of these festivals that you see proliferating like mushrooms all around
    0:30:04 or you did see it before COVID, they didn’t exist yet. They sprang up out of the subculture of coffee
    0:30:10 houses. This is neither here nor there. But I am fascinated actually by the history of coffee houses,
    0:30:16 especially in the UK, where you have the Lloyds of London coming out of one coffee shop and all of
    0:30:22 this incredible history that I had. I mean, back in the 18th century. Yes, way back, which I also
    0:30:29 don’t remember to be clear, but I have read about it. And that interchange of ideas and the sort of
    0:30:36 interstitial tissue in the societal fabric of the time. But what I’d like to ask you about next is
    0:30:44 teaching. And it’s clear reading about your life that you have taught a lot. What type of teaching
    0:30:51 did you most enjoy, if any of it? I always enjoyed it. I think the most intense year of teaching that
    0:30:56 I did was in Montreal. I thought it’s a place that doesn’t exist anymore because it’s been
    0:31:03 amalgamated with another institution, but it was called Sir George Williams. And it was a downtown
    0:31:11 city establishment. You taught your subject to 19 year olds in the day. And then in the evening,
    0:31:17 you taught the same subject to returning adult students. That was very instructive for me.
    0:31:24 The 19 year olds weren’t too sure why they were there, except their mom and dad wanted them to.
    0:31:29 And really, they would rather be drinking beer or going to hockey games or something.
    0:31:36 And the adults were there because they wanted to be. A couple of reasons they wanted to be there,
    0:31:44 they wanted to up their credentials. But also, they were very engaged and they would argue with you,
    0:31:50 object to things and really give you the old run-through. And that was pretty stimulating.
    0:31:57 So I taught 19th century novels to those people. And I also taught American romanticism.
    0:32:04 And it was they who gave me a button that said, “Moby Dick is not a social disease.”
    0:32:13 They had a sense of humor. I liked them a lot. And it was very instructive because the things
    0:32:20 that the 19 year old liked frequently, the grown-ups would not like. And the things that the 19 year
    0:32:27 olds really didn’t like, the grown-ups thought were terrific. So Middle March by George Eliot,
    0:32:33 the 19 year old said, “We don’t like this book at all because the people in it make wrong decisions
    0:32:36 in their careers and they marry the wrong people and we’re not going to do that.”
    0:32:44 And the adult said, “This is a great book. They make the wrong decisions in their careers. They
    0:32:52 marry the wrong people. It’s just like life.” So a big difference in experience. And what’s the
    0:32:58 lesson? The lesson is that you bring to any book who you already are, the age that you are and the
    0:33:07 experience that you’ve had. And it’s the same for everyone. Just a quick thanks to one of our
    0:33:12 sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show. This episode is brought to you by Wealthfront.
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    0:34:26 And now, Boyd Vardy, Lion Tracker, Storyteller, Wildlife and Literacy Activist,
    0:34:32 Steward of the Londelosi Game Reserve in South Africa, and author of “The Lion Tracker’s Guide to
    0:34:40 Life” and his memoir, “Cathedral of the Wild.” You can find Boyd on Twitter @BoydVardy.
    0:34:44 Boyd, welcome to the show, my friend.
    0:34:47 Tim, thanks for having me, man. Great to be with you.
    0:34:54 It is great to see you, and I’m sad we’re not doing this in person, but I’m also happy that
    0:34:59 you can share a bit about your surroundings. So where is this conversation finding you right now?
    0:35:05 Okay, so I’m on the Londelosi Game Reserve in the wild eastern part of South Africa.
    0:35:11 I’m sitting in my thatched cottage, and I’m looking out the window. The river
    0:35:18 runs below me. And currently, there is a herd of elephants that are moving down from the far
    0:35:24 northern bank of the river to come and feed on the delicious, spongy palm trees in the river.
    0:35:28 So that should give you a little bit of a sense. They’re two huge ebony trees that kind of frame
    0:35:35 the house. And a couple of weeks ago, a leopard hoisted its kill into the tree next to the kind
    0:35:38 of verandah of the house. So that should sort of set the scene for people a little bit.
    0:35:46 You know, I had a dead bird on my porch two days ago, and I see a squirrel out to my right.
    0:35:48 So I feel like we’re kind of on equal footing there.
    0:35:56 Now, a couple things. One, I want to tell you that I don’t think I’ve told you actually,
    0:36:02 Boyd, and I’m going to pack it up front because I think that I am ashamed of not telling you
    0:36:07 earlier. So here you can see it. And for those who are watching video on YouTube, you can see it.
    0:36:11 I’ve got a copy of your book here, which you were kind enough to inscribe for me. So the
    0:36:16 Lion Tracker’s Guide to Life. I’ve had this for a while now, full of highlights. I read it again
    0:36:24 yesterday. And this is one of only a handful of books that has a dedicated shelf in my
    0:36:31 guest bedroom at home. So in other words, when people come and visit, I have a few shelves.
    0:36:38 So you have The Gift, which is of Hafez poems translated by Daniel Ladinsky. Then you have
    0:36:44 How to Change Your Mind by Michael Pollan. Then you have Awareness by Anthony Devello.
    0:36:48 And then you have The Lion Tracker’s Guide to Life by Boyd Vardy. So you have an entire shelf
    0:36:53 that people are encouraged to indulge in and take books from in my guest bedroom. And I just
    0:36:58 wanted to let you know that. Wow, I find myself in the company of my heroes there. Thank you.
    0:37:06 Absolutely. It’s a fantastic book. And we’re going to dig into all sorts of stories that are in the
    0:37:12 book. Of course, many stories that I have heard and not heard in person with you. But let’s start
    0:37:18 with one that I haven’t heard, that I wanted to dig into it a little bit, just as part of the Genesis
    0:37:24 story. Your mom, could you tell us a little bit about your mom? And then I suppose also about your
    0:37:30 dad. But specifically the get on with it attitude, as I’ve seen you write it. Well, you know, my
    0:37:39 parents met when they were 15 years old. And my grandfather had just died leaving this property.
    0:37:43 And everyone in the sort of family advisors had said to my father, well, first thing, you’ve got
    0:37:47 to get rid of that property in the wild eastern part of South Africa. You know, it’s bankrupt,
    0:37:51 cattle land, there’s nothing going on there. There’s some lions there that you used to hunt,
    0:37:56 but lion hunting is dangerous. Get rid of that. And my father stood up in the meeting of family
    0:38:03 advisors and he said, no, we’re going to keep it and we’ll find a way to make it pay. And very
    0:38:08 soon after that meeting, he met my mother. And with three mud huts and a broken land rover,
    0:38:12 they launched themselves into starting a safari business. This was a time in the, you know,
    0:38:16 the teeth of apartheid South Africa, there was no one coming to South Africa, like they’re rough.
    0:38:21 If it had been an investor pitch, and someone was saying, we’re going to start a game reserve and,
    0:38:24 you know, here’s what we want you to invest in, no one would have invested.
    0:38:29 But together, out of the love that they had for each other and the passion that they had for the
    0:38:34 land, they created this amazing place. It was the love they had for each other, the passion for the
    0:38:41 land and a real big dose of we can keep going because this is all we have. And so there was this
    0:38:47 incredible attitude in both of them to just push forward, pioneer, keep going, raise your kids with
    0:38:52 snakes and no electricity, bring people from all over the world to come stay in a couple of mud
    0:38:56 huts, give them an incredible time, flow this amazing energy into them, take them out into
    0:39:02 the wild for encounters. And so it was that type of get on with that chutzpah attitude that I was
    0:39:06 raised in. And that was my mother through and through, just unbreakable, you know, rub some
    0:39:12 onica oil on it was the best we got if you got an injury. And, you know, only call a doctor if
    0:39:19 you’re bleeding profusely or you’re going to die. All right. So I have some follow ups.
    0:39:24 First of all, everyone’s saying the first thing you have to do is get rid of that land
    0:39:30 that says, Nope, we’re going to keep the land. There’s got to be some thought process behind
    0:39:35 that because of course there are tremendous consequences to that decision in terms of
    0:39:40 life trajectory. Why the decision? Why was that decision made? How was that made?
    0:39:45 You know, I think it’s a really good question. I mean, there’s a few parts that the one is that
    0:39:52 my great grandfather had bought the land in 1926 after drinking too much gin. And he heard about
    0:39:57 these bankrupt cattle farms that were available for sale adjacent to the Kruger National Park.
    0:40:02 And he was a lion hunter and he was an adventurer and he said, Well, we’re going to buy. And so
    0:40:09 he first came down here in the June of 1926. And he set up the camp, you know, just sort of rugged
    0:40:14 canvas under the trees and they would hunt lions. That’s how my grandfather then grew up.
    0:40:18 And then that’s how my father and uncle grew up coming down in the winter months,
    0:40:22 waking up at dawn, listening for lions to roar and then going out to hunt lions.
    0:40:28 And I should say with lion hunting, there’s only two outcomes, either a lion dies or a person dies.
    0:40:33 So that gives you a little bit of a sense for the mentality of it. But through those early days
    0:40:39 of hunting, already a deep passion had started to take root in my father for the land and in my
    0:40:44 uncle, they felt connected to it. It was a place of adventure. It was already a place that was
    0:40:50 infused in meaning. So when their father died and they were teenagers and the family advisors said,
    0:40:54 Okay, we’ll get rid of it. I think it’s a bit of a combination of the brilliance,
    0:41:00 the arrogance and the stupidity of youth that just allowed them to stand up and say, Well,
    0:41:05 we’re going to keep it and we’ll make it work. I don’t think that there was forethought in the
    0:41:11 decision. They just knew they were grieving. They had lost their father. It was their father’s sacred
    0:41:16 place. He loved to go there. And they knew that if they somewhere inside of that grieving process,
    0:41:20 they knew that if they let go of the land, they would lose the memory of their father in some way.
    0:41:22 And so they held on to it and they decided, Well, we’ll go make it work.
    0:41:28 There’s so many different branches of this tree that I can go down. I’m having trouble
    0:41:36 with the paradox of choice here. Let me try to prompt a story that will maybe speak to the
    0:41:44 get on with it, make it work attitude of both of your parents. Could you please tell the story?
    0:41:48 I’m going to give you a fragment here. So a little gingerbread crumb and see if you remember
    0:41:59 what I’m referring to. Plain ride bird. Does this mean anything? Okay. I think you’re referring to
    0:42:05 the white knuckle charter company. Yeah, that’s the one. So basically what happened is my parents,
    0:42:11 they launched the safari business. And it slowly started to become successful. But they started
    0:42:16 to run into a problem as my sister and I were getting older, because schools started to become
    0:42:21 an issue. So there was obviously no, nowhere to take us to school living out here. So they decided
    0:42:27 that what they would do is they would learn to fly and then they would ferry us into the nearest
    0:42:34 town and we would sort of attend early preschool or whatever it’s called, like Monday through Wednesday.
    0:42:38 And then Wednesday, we would fly back to the reserve and we would be here through the weekend.
    0:42:41 And we were basically getting three days of schooling. That seemed like enough to them at the
    0:42:47 time. So they took up flying. And my memories of it are when they would pick us up on a Wednesday
    0:42:54 afternoon. To be honest, they weren’t great pilots. So they were in a bit of a state. The first 50
    0:42:58 hours of being a pilot, there’s a lot of stress about getting it in the air and then safely getting
    0:43:02 it back on the ground. So we would arrive and they would say to us, we’re in flying mode right now.
    0:43:07 And flying mode meant we could not ask any questions. We had to shut up. Kids, you kids
    0:43:11 shut up. We’re in flying mode. And then they had this other sort of drill that they worked
    0:43:16 out with each other, which was called pilot in command. And when they were up front there in
    0:43:22 the cockpit, the one would say, I am now pilot in command. And if you handed over control, you would
    0:43:26 say handing over control. And the other would say, I am now pilot in command, pilot in command,
    0:43:31 handing over to pilot in command, I am now pilot in command. And they had this whole drill, right?
    0:43:38 The first crash that we were involved in, we came into land and we had a plane. It was a little
    0:43:43 Cezna that had a quirk. And let me tell you, when it comes to aviation, you don’t want planes with
    0:43:50 quirks. You can have a quirky like pickup truck, but you cannot have a quirky aircraft. The quirk was
    0:43:56 that when you pulled the power, not all power cut off. It kept a little bleed of power on.
    0:44:01 So my mother was flying the plane. She came into land on the little 800 meter dirt strip.
    0:44:06 She cut the power, the plane sort of landed, but it just kept on a little too much power and we
    0:44:10 kept going. And she started to say to my father and my sister and I are watching from the back in
    0:44:14 flying mode. I can’t get the power off. I can’t get the power off. I can’t get the speed off. And
    0:44:18 he says, he’s saying to her, you are pilot in command, you are pilot in command. And she’s
    0:44:22 going, I know, but I can’t get the speed off. And eventually she kicks the rudder and the plane
    0:44:28 veers off the runway and we hit a marula tree and we stop. That’s our first crash. And it’s
    0:44:34 one of those ones, Tim, that if you bring it up today, like at dinner, he will say, we’ll say,
    0:44:37 well, you know, I couldn’t get the speed off. And he’ll say, my father will say, well, you
    0:44:41 were pilot in command and immediately a fight will develop at dinner. I know I was pilot in
    0:44:44 command, but before we hit the tree, do you think you could have pulled the power? You could have,
    0:44:50 so like it’s a little tension around it. Anyway, the worst one was we were flying a
    0:44:56 short hop. And by this stage, my parents had launched, you know, a bigger safari company.
    0:45:01 And they had decided that when they flew, they should actually have a commercial pilot with them.
    0:45:06 And so the setup was, it’s a commercial pilot in the left hand seat. It’s my father in the right
    0:45:12 hand seat. And then there’s club seating, four seats in the back, but you sit facing each other
    0:45:16 like you were on a train, you know, like looking at each other. So we’re flying along and I see
    0:45:21 my mother and her friend are sitting opposite me and they’re looking towards the cockpit. I’m looking
    0:45:30 back at them. And suddenly we just hear this outrageous like sound and wind fills the cockpit.
    0:45:37 And it’s just this incredible rushing sound. Amazing sound. Looking at my mother and her
    0:45:43 friend next to her, it looks like pulp fiction. There is just blood and guts all over them.
    0:45:49 It looks like someone took a bird, put it in a blender and made like a bird smoothie and then
    0:45:54 threw it over them. They’ve got a wing on their head. They’ve got a foot on their shoulder. They
    0:46:00 are covered in blood and guts. And so I turn and I look back at the cockpit. The front window
    0:46:07 of the plane is gone. The pilot is conked out. He’s passed out in his seat. And my father is
    0:46:14 like orientating himself in the madness. And right at that moment, as he sort of, as my father got
    0:46:20 his bearings, I saw him grab the controls and then he looked back at me and said, “I am pilot in
    0:46:28 command.” And so now we realize we’ve got a situation. What had happened is we had hit
    0:46:35 a stalk, direct bird strike, and the bird had come in the window. And in fact,
    0:46:42 the bird had hit the pilot. The beak had gone into the skin between the pilot’s skull and the skin.
    0:46:48 So he had a beak sticking out of his face and a bit of stalk neck sticking out of his face.
    0:46:54 And he’s totally passed out. Meantime, my father has taken control of the plane. The woman on the
    0:46:58 backseat screaming next to my mom is going, “We’re all going to die. We’re all going to die.” And
    0:47:03 that’s when my mother gave her the patented mother slap, slapped her twice and said, “We are not going
    0:47:09 to die.” And then out of nowhere, my mother reaches into her sort of handbag and pulls out
    0:47:15 a flight call sheet. And she starts screaming standard emergency practices to my father.
    0:47:22 “Call SOS Base. Request emergency landing.” And he’s ticking off things. Now at this point,
    0:47:29 the pilot starts to wake up. And he wakes up and he’s slowly gaining his bearings. And
    0:47:37 as he looks around, he has this strange kind of dot in his vision. And as he’s looking around,
    0:47:43 the dot follows him. And he eventually puts his hand up. And what it is, it’s the stalk’s neck
    0:47:48 sticking out of his face that everywhere he looks, it’s in his line of sight because it’s connected
    0:47:53 to his face. And it was at that moment that he grabbed the neck and the beak of the stalk and
    0:47:59 he pulled it out of his face and looked at it and then passed out again. And I don’t know if
    0:48:03 you’ve ever seen a head wound, but head wounds bleed nicely. And so he’s bleeding quite intensely.
    0:48:09 It’s pandemonium back there, but my folks have got the controls. They call the airport. My father
    0:48:14 starts the descent and eventually the pilot wakes up and he comes to and he’s actually, he’s all
    0:48:18 right. And he takes over control of the plane again. And we do an emergency landing. And the
    0:48:24 funny thing about it was we were flying from the reserve to go and catch a commercial flight.
    0:48:31 So we landed at a commercial airport and we got out covered in stalk, stalk wing and stalk foot
    0:48:35 and stalk guts. And we walked into the terminal building and I said to my mother, well, what
    0:48:40 do we do now? She said, just board the flight and look forward. So we got onto the plane,
    0:48:44 looking like we had been in the Texas chainsaw massacre and just sat down next to regular folks
    0:48:49 traveling, covered in guts and blood and just sat there and looked forward and flew to our
    0:48:55 next destination like nothing had happened. But it was a, you know, we grew up in a real
    0:49:00 wild way. We grew up in a pioneering way and my parents were irrepressible, I think is the word,
    0:49:05 which you kind of have to be to run a safari business where things, you know, running a safari
    0:49:10 business, you’re out in nature and things are happening and unexpected things are happening
    0:49:16 almost continuously. So that was kind of my wild youth in some ways, you know, it was very,
    0:49:22 very orientated towards that kind of South African wildness. And also I think that we were,
    0:49:27 we’ve changed a lot over the years, but and we’ve been in our own healing journeys and our own
    0:49:31 healing journeys have changed us as a family for sure. But for many years there, we were just kind
    0:49:37 of packing on, you know, I guess we were frozen by some trauma ourselves and we were just living
    0:49:43 as wildly through it as we could. Hmm. Well, I remember the first time when I was, when I was
    0:49:49 sorry, man, I totally forgot about the boarding, the, the next connecting.
    0:49:58 All that covered moments. Yeah. It’d be hard to get past TSA, covered in, covered in viscera.
    0:50:06 Good Lord. So let’s talk about another element I believe of your childhood. You could tell me
    0:50:10 when this first enters the picture, we’re going to bounce all over the place. And please correct
    0:50:16 my pronunciation. When did the Shangan trackers say Shangan? How do you pronounce that properly?
    0:50:22 Shangan. There we go. Shangan trackers enter the picture in your life. And who are they?
    0:50:28 If you could answer that in either order. Well, firstly, let me say something about the Shangan
    0:50:34 people. The Shangan people are the most wonderful people that I’ve had time to spend time with in
    0:50:40 Africa. They were a splinter tribe of the Zulu people. And basically they, they went on a
    0:50:44 warring party and they found themselves in Southern Mozambique and they decided that they were
    0:50:49 actually more peaceful people. They didn’t want to be involved in the Zulu armies warlike ways
    0:50:56 and they broke away and they really pastoral people, amazing storytellers, incredible trackers
    0:51:00 because they love to observe things and tell stories. And so from the time my father and uncle
    0:51:06 were very young and from the time that I was very young, I was lucky to spend time with some of the
    0:51:10 best Shangan trackers in the world, men who had grown up hunting and gathering in the region.
    0:51:16 And the transition that we went through as a family is we grew up tracking to hunt and then we,
    0:51:21 once we had a kind, our kind of enlightenment experience and we decided we must partner with
    0:51:25 the land and we must think of the animals as our kin. We continued tracking, but it was to find
    0:51:31 animals for photographic safaris. And so from the time that I was extremely young, I was apprenticed
    0:51:38 to these master Shangan trackers. And I spent hundreds of hours learning the art form of following
    0:51:45 an animal across wild terrain and learning how to be attuned to the language of the wilderness. And
    0:51:49 I was listening to your interview with Noah Feldman and he was talking about how language
    0:51:53 attunes you in a different way to a culture. And if you can think of tracking, tracking is
    0:51:59 essentially the language of the wilderness. You’re learning the signs, the sounds, and as your
    0:52:04 knowledge as a tracker deepens, it’s like you’re being let into another level. And the Shangan
    0:52:09 people were deeply attuned to this and they taught me that from a young age. And really the success
    0:52:14 of Londolosie, one of the major success points for us is to create a bit of context for how the
    0:52:21 safari business came together. My father was 15, my uncle was 17, my mother was about 15 too,
    0:52:26 and they were going to launch the safari business. Most of the land at that time, because the cattle
    0:52:33 had overgrazed the land, it was kind of an eye high scrub. And all of the animals were here,
    0:52:38 but you didn’t really see them. And in fact, they had been hunted. So any animals you saw were
    0:52:44 trying to get away from you. And really my, my parents struggled to get the safari business going.
    0:52:51 And then they had a defining moment. And that was the arrival of a kind of maverick ecologist
    0:52:57 by the name of Ken Tinley. And Ken was an amazing guy. He was a high school dropout
    0:53:03 who got admitted to a biological sciences degree because he drew a picture of a moth
    0:53:10 with such intricate detail that the dean of the faculty put him in. And he studied his biological
    0:53:15 sciences degree. And then he went to live alone in Mozambique and write a dissertation. And during
    0:53:21 this time living alone, Ken had this incredible encounter with wilderness. And he felt deeply
    0:53:26 attuned to it. And the way he described it, he said, it felt like he could feel the rivers moving
    0:53:31 through his veins. And he became aware of how the moisture traveled through the terrain and how that
    0:53:37 informed the flora and how that then informed the fauna. And he was just deeply in tune. And he
    0:53:42 showed up next to the campfire one day where these young upstarts were trying to get the safari
    0:53:47 business going. And he said to them, if you want this place to work, you must partner with the
    0:53:52 land. You must think of the animals as your kin. And you must make sure that the local
    0:53:58 Shangan people are invited to participate in this restoration. And so they said to him,
    0:54:02 well, partner with the land, what do you mean? And he said, come, I’ll show you.
    0:54:10 And he walked them out onto the scrub encroached land. And he said to them, when the cattle overgraze
    0:54:15 the land, the moisture falls. But instead of penetrating the soil, it runs off in these deep
    0:54:20 erosive furrows. So what you do is you clear away the scrub, and you take that scrub and you pack it
    0:54:25 into the furrows. And it’s kind of like putting the plug back in the bath. And with that, you start
    0:54:31 to charge the grassland with moisture. And he started to show them how to restore the micro
    0:54:38 catchments on the property. And I really grew up, one of the first imprints of my psyche was
    0:54:42 watching the land being restored. I would go to a place where there was eye high scrub,
    0:54:47 and then I would see the destitution as you cut it out. And then you would go back there a year
    0:54:52 later, and there would be a herd of waterbuck on it and a herd of zebra, and then a rhino walking
    0:54:58 through it in the late evening. And so my first impulses, I believe as a healer came out of watching
    0:55:03 the way that life knows how to bring itself forth. And then one day after a day spent working on the
    0:55:10 land, my father and my uncle were driving home, and in the late afternoon light, a female leopard
    0:55:15 stepped out onto the road in front of them. And up until that point, any leopard you saw was ears
    0:55:21 back running to get away from you. They’d been hunted. But this leopard stopped, and she turned,
    0:55:27 and she looked at them. And for a moment, she allowed herself to be seen. And then she growled,
    0:55:31 and they saw that she had this one broken canine. And then she slipped away from there.
    0:55:36 And they drove home in silence, and they stopped the vehicle. And my uncle, who was a rugged,
    0:55:41 aggressive, wild type guy, they sat there for a moment in silence. And then he looked at my father,
    0:55:48 and he said, whatever just happened, that’s my future. And I’ve been deeply interested in that
    0:55:52 my whole life, you know, to your point, like, what made them say, we’re going to try and take on the
    0:55:58 creation of the safari business. What made my great grandfather after too many jinn say I’m
    0:56:03 going to buy? What made my uncle say in that moment, that’s my future? How do we know when we know?
    0:56:08 So what my uncle did is he teamed up with a Shangan tracker, one of the best trackers in the area,
    0:56:13 man by the name of Elmon Amlongo. And Elmon is actually rainy us in the books, brother. It’s
    0:56:18 incredible hunter gatherer, incredibly in tune. Before we get to Elmon, if you could just as
    0:56:25 context, because people hear tracking good trackers, they might not realize just how far back a lineage
    0:56:32 of tracker to tracker to tracker tradition might extend. Are we talking hundreds of years,
    0:56:37 thousands of years, tens of thousands of years? I mean, how far back does it go, right? This type
    0:56:44 of skill development and generational passing down. I mean, this goes back to our early origins.
    0:56:50 Some people say that tracking is in some ways the beginning of science because it’s the beginning
    0:56:56 of deduction. It’s the beginning, the first time that someone looked at a abstract imprint
    0:57:02 and started to apply meaning to it. And it’s an art form that has been alive. It lives inside
    0:57:07 of people because it has been passed on through generations. A tracker will teach another tracker
    0:57:13 the way. And so I think of it as this art form that you can’t hang on the wall or it like literally
    0:57:17 has to be alive in a person to survive. Didn’t mean to interrupt. I just wanted to kind of
    0:57:22 set the stage, right? Because people think like, oh, my grandfather did this, my dad did this,
    0:57:28 I now do this. Therefore, we have this extensive lineage, which is true on some scale. But when
    0:57:36 you refer to one of these master trackers, it’s quite a different level of longevity in terms of
    0:57:42 the bloodline and the development of that skill. Ancient. Back to the origins of humanity.
    0:57:49 Yeah. And when you are tracking, you are connected to that entire lineage, which is
    0:57:54 amazing feeling. What I’m doing right now, thousands of years ago, someone did this
    0:57:59 very same practice. Yeah. And Elman was just brilliant in the bush. And so what my uncle and
    0:58:04 him did is for the next 12 years, they woke up every morning and they went out and they tracked
    0:58:12 that leopard. And just insane drive and dedication. And sometimes they would go two weeks without
    0:58:16 seeing her and they would be putting together the clues. They’d be following the tracks.
    0:58:21 And then it started to be that they would find her and she would allow herself to be viewed
    0:58:28 from two, 300 yards in a vehicle. And then slowly over time, that space, that distance,
    0:58:32 started to close. And eventually, after a few years of this, it got to the point where they
    0:58:37 could actually drive one of these old Landrovers in next to her. And she had developed a relationship
    0:58:43 of trust with them that is a totally wild leopard. And she knew that these men meant her no harm.
    0:58:48 We called that leopard the mother leopard, because she went on to have eight letters of
    0:58:54 cubs. And all of those cubs grew up modeling their mother’s trust. And so she was the mother
    0:58:59 for two reasons. One, because she was the mother of all these cubs. And second, because really,
    0:59:04 she was the mother of the birth of the safari business, because word got out that there was a
    0:59:10 place in the middle of South Africa where no one wanted to go, where you could go and see a wild
    0:59:17 leopard. And that allure is still alive inside of people today. But it would have been absolutely
    0:59:23 impossible without the skills and the brilliance of the Shangan trackers to be able to go out into
    0:59:28 a vast wilderness and attune yourself to the faint tracks of where this animal had walked,
    0:59:34 to listen for alarm calls, to listen to bird language, and to start to get to know her movement
    0:59:38 patterns, her territories, where she liked to den. All of that made it possible and it wouldn’t
    0:59:43 have been possible without great trackers. And so really, the legacy of londelosi is a legacy of
    0:59:48 relationships between trackers and wild animals. You mentioned a name that comes up a lot in the
    0:59:53 line trackers, Guide to Life, who’s, of course, a fascinating character in the book. And I’m sure
    1:00:00 in real life, even more so fascinating. Renius, is that how you say this name properly? Renius
    1:00:06 Matanjana Jampaches Imlongo. That’s exactly what I was going to say. That’s what I was going to
    1:00:15 say. I’ll stick with Renius for short. Now, I want to prompt, maybe as a way of describing Renius
    1:00:21 and introducing him, a question that came, or a cue, that came from one of our mutual friends,
    1:00:28 Josh Weitzkin. And he said, “Ask Boyd about Renius not returning to camp a few weeks ago
    1:00:32 when tracking, I think, a male lion when all the clients wanted to come back.”
    1:00:36 That’s great. Could you tell this story? Are you open to that?
    1:00:42 Yeah. Well, Renius is firstly one of the best trackers in the world. I would say that he’s
    1:00:48 top five. He’s deeply attuned. And what, and my definition of mastery is someone who can be
    1:00:54 themselves in any situation. And really, what makes Renius special is that he’s able to totally
    1:01:00 be himself wherever he goes. And I’m sure you’ve seen this in other disciplines. He’s one of those
    1:01:07 rare masters who’s able to translate the intangibles of what he knows how to do. You learn by being
    1:01:13 around him. You learn by absorbing his presence, watching how he moves. But he’s also quite good
    1:01:16 at teaching, which makes him really exceptional. Because a lot of trackers, you’ll say to them,
    1:01:21 “Well, why did you know to go down there? Why did you know to check that riverbed?”
    1:01:25 And they just sort of say, “I just knew.” Renius is able to dissect it a little bit for you. But
    1:01:32 this to me is the level of his mastery. We ran a retreat, a tracking retreat. We had some folks
    1:01:36 from all over the world who had come on one of our tracking retreats. And it was day four.
    1:01:42 And we had had an exceptional time. We had found and followed animals. The night before, we had
    1:01:48 slept out in the bush. And so the next morning we woke up, we found tracks of a single male lion,
    1:01:54 and we began to follow. And after two or three hours, I could see that the guests who were on
    1:01:58 the retreat were tiring. They were running out of gas. They’d been keeping watch all night.
    1:02:01 Could you explain what you mean by that? Keeping watch all night? Afraid that lions
    1:02:05 are going to eat them all night? Yeah, on the retreat, one of the nights we had slept on the
    1:02:12 ground in the open, no vehicle, no tents. And each person had been asked to keep watch. It’s
    1:02:18 this deeply archetypal experience to be awake around the fire. It definitely changes what the
    1:02:25 fire means to you. It’s this ancient primordial sense of fire, safety. And each person keeps
    1:02:29 watch through the night. And it’s beautiful. You’re alone, owls calling stars above you,
    1:02:33 and this alertness alive inside of you as you keep watch for your friends.
    1:02:38 What are you keeping watch? I guess, I guess, sorry, not to bog the story down, just for a
    1:02:45 second. Like if John from KPMG in Chicago who’s never camped before comes to a tracking retreat,
    1:02:51 I would be kind of nervous trusting John to keep me alive while I slept. So I probably wouldn’t
    1:02:56 sleep. I’m just wondering what one does when they’re keeping watch. No offense to KPMG.
    1:03:02 Well, no, you know what? No, John from KPMG taking contact. Well, the thing is, is that
    1:03:09 the minute you get out there and night starts to fall and some lions roar nearby and an elephant
    1:03:15 walks past your camp and comes to investigate, what’s pretty amazing, Tim, is that no one misses
    1:03:22 the gravity of the situation. There’s something about night falling. I watch people switch on.
    1:03:28 And I explained to them that if you if you fall asleep during your watch or you don’t do this
    1:03:34 properly, someone can get badly injured. And so people take it very seriously. And your job on
    1:03:40 watch is to be an aware presence. And you get armed with a really good torch. You listen.
    1:03:47 That’s flash. Flashlight for you. Flashlights. You listen. And if any animal comes, you have
    1:03:51 to be aware of its presence. And there’s an amazing thing. If you’re aware of an animal’s
    1:03:54 presence, it’s aware that you’re aware of it. And that’s the critical safety piece.
    1:03:59 And we’ve never, in all the years we’ve been doing it, and we’ve slept out with many,
    1:04:03 many people, we’ve never had anyone let us down because people feel the gravity of it.
    1:04:07 And something does wake up inside of them. So anyway, back to the story.
    1:04:12 We suffice to say they didn’t sleep very well. They didn’t sleep very well.
    1:04:17 So like 10 o’clock the next morning, they were flagging and we decided because we’d had such
    1:04:22 a good time and we’d been so lucky with the tracking already, we were going to call it there.
    1:04:25 We were going to say, guys, we’re going to leave this track and we’re going to head back to the camp.
    1:04:32 Now, Ranias has been 30 years into guiding people, you know, even more 35 years into
    1:04:39 guiding people and then another section working as a trainer. He says, you guys go back to camp,
    1:04:45 I can’t leave this track. And I’m fascinated by that moment because there are so many hundreds
    1:04:50 of guides, so many hundreds of people who say, you know what, our guests are happy, eggs benedict
    1:04:55 back at the camp. But his mastery is that he can’t leave it. There is something laid down in front
    1:05:01 of him that he’s curious about. He’s interested and he has to know something in the tracker has to
    1:05:09 discover, has to find out. And the scope of the years of his practice and the fact that he
    1:05:15 makes that decision to stay out there hot tired without water, he needs to know that is his art
    1:05:20 form. He needs to be in it. There’s something very special about that to me. Which animals
    1:05:27 are hardest to track at LONDOLOSI? You mentioned a leopard, right? So a leopard in my mind,
    1:05:33 I think of solitary animal, as I understand it, sleeps in trees, at least part of the time,
    1:05:38 as I understand it again, I have no understanding of leopards. So think of them as difficult
    1:05:46 to track for a number of different reasons. But which animals that you track are easiest and
    1:05:51 which are hardest? Oh, well, I think you’ve nailed it. They’re leopard by some margin is the most
    1:05:59 difficult. One, it walks, it’s solitary, and it walks incredibly likely. And it, its nature is
    1:06:05 solitary and secretive. It likes to operate in thick terrain. Anytime you’re seeing a leopard,
    1:06:11 the leopard is allowing you to see it, which to me has this beautiful mystery that it cloaks it in.
    1:06:16 So leopard by quite some margin would be the most difficult. And, and we’ve had trackers here who’ve
    1:06:22 become real specialists at following leopards. We used to have a tracker by the name of Richard
    1:06:30 Soella. And Soella was, he was meticulous in his dress, and he was gruff, and he was hard to get
    1:06:36 along with. He was rude to most people. He had that kind of, that arrogance born of being brilliant.
    1:06:41 He deserved all the arrogance he had because he was so good. And he used to do this thing where
    1:06:45 if all the trackers had been out in the morning and they’d been following a leopard,
    1:06:50 they would come back to camp. They’d been unsuccessful. They had a last track, but they had
    1:06:55 lost it. He would go back there. And it used to be my favorite thing. He would go back at 12 o’clock
    1:07:00 in the afternoon. He would refuse to go with anyone else. He wanted to go alone. And he would
    1:07:05 slowly start to work that track. And then eventually at like six o’clock in the evening, you’d get a
    1:07:10 radio call and it would be Richard. And he would say, I’ve located this leopard. He would tell you
    1:07:19 where it was. And then his final refrain was Richard Soella is number one. And he did it,
    1:07:24 he did it so consistently. And Richard Soella was number one.
    1:07:28 That’s amazing. That is amazing. Technical question, 12 noon. So I would think that
    1:07:35 high noon would actually be a hard time to track because it wouldn’t cast shadows as well. But
    1:07:40 is the reason for doing that that the animals are bedded down due to the heat so that you’re
    1:07:45 able to track while they’re in one place? Why would he go out at 12 noon?
    1:07:52 One is he’s showing people how good he is because you’re right, the direct light creates a flat
    1:07:56 aspect on the ground. The light is flat. And so you’re right, there’s no shadow, there’s no
    1:08:02 contrast. When the light is lower, it bounces off where the animal has stepped in a, it changes the
    1:08:06 texture on the earth. He’s going at midday because no one else wants to go out in the heat. He’s
    1:08:11 showing I go out in the heat. He’s going at midday because the light is flat. And he’s saying I go
    1:08:16 out when the light is flat. He’s going at midday because he knows that that leopard is going to
    1:08:21 be lying up somewhere. And so if he can get a track, he can close the distance on it while it’s not
    1:08:26 moving. And all of those are saying Soella is number one.
    1:08:33 It’s so great. I love that. So let me ask, because people will no doubt be wondering,
    1:08:41 what type of protection does one have when, say, Reneus goes out to track with clientele?
    1:08:47 Do you have the equivalent of a SWAT team with you with rifles at the ready in case any danger
    1:08:51 presents itself? I think I know the answer to this, but just because I know people may have
    1:08:54 a question mark in their minds. What type of protection do you guys carry?
    1:09:00 When we are tracking with clients, we will carry rifles and always if we’re running specifically
    1:09:06 tracking retreats, we will be a two rifle operation. But really the protection is way upstream of that.
    1:09:10 In all of my years in the bush, I’ve never had to use the rifle.
    1:09:16 The art form of tracking is what makes you safe. And when you’re with someone like Reneus,
    1:09:23 the safety profile just becomes exceptionally safe because he’s so attuned. And so it’s a
    1:09:28 capacity to read the terrain, to make good decisions, to be attuned to the freshness of
    1:09:34 the track where those animals will be, how we should approach different terrain, attuned to the
    1:09:41 birds, bird language. And then where Reneus is even more exceptional is that the way that an
    1:09:47 animal communicates with you is through a state of presence. If it is unhappy with you, it conveys
    1:09:55 energy through the way its body shapes. And really amazing trackers are able to read that body language
    1:10:01 and almost speak back to it in the way they move their body. And you can convey a very profound,
    1:10:05 unspoken language. And I think of it as a language of energy or a language of presence.
    1:10:10 And that is really what makes you safe. As that animal, if you see that animal, how you
    1:10:15 convey your intentions to it, your mood, what you do, if it does become aggressive with you,
    1:10:20 how you meet that and shape the unspoken conversation between you.
    1:10:27 I want to bring up one of the lines from The Line Tracker’s Guide to Life that
    1:10:33 it certainly pops to mind quickly when I think about this book. I’m sure it’s a line that a lot
    1:10:37 of people bring up. I know it’s a line that Josh has brought up. And I’d love to just hear you
    1:10:45 explain why this is in the book and why it matters. Quote, “I don’t know where we’re going,
    1:10:50 but I know exactly how to get there.” Oh, I love that, don’t you? I love it. Absolutely.
    1:10:57 It’s really, if you take a moment to pause and contemplate it, the implications are pretty
    1:11:05 profound. So I’d love to just hear you riff on this and why and how this ended up in the book.
    1:11:10 Well, there were two things that Reneas used to say regularly. The one is, “Hishatikuma,
    1:11:17 we will get it.” And it was almost like this kind of incredible self-talk that he would have when
    1:11:22 the track was cold or the track was, “We weren’t making progress.” I would look at him and he would
    1:11:29 say, “Hishatikuma, we’re going to get this.” And then often he would say to, “I don’t know
    1:11:32 where I’m going, but I know exactly how to get there.” And what he’s saying, he’s talking to
    1:11:38 the dynamic of tracking, which is, it’s an interesting energetic dynamic. He is profoundly
    1:11:44 committed to finding that animal, but he hasn’t allowed that commitment to become a burden of
    1:11:49 some kind. He is working moment to moment on the signs that he’s getting. And you can think in a
    1:11:55 vast wilderness as trackers, we also talk about the first track. In a vast wilderness, 360 degrees
    1:12:01 of wild terrain, all he needs is the next first track and then the next first track and then the
    1:12:09 next first track and the next first track. And he’s able to dial down the infinite possibilities
    1:12:13 of where that animal could have gone to a moment of knowing and a moment of presence and then
    1:12:19 another moment of knowing and another moment of presence. And all he needs is that next sign.
    1:12:23 So he doesn’t know where it’s going, but he knows how to get there, the next moment of presence,
    1:12:28 the next thing I know to do. And it might be a good segue there into just telling you a little
    1:12:33 bit about how the tracking process changed for me over the years, but let me know if you want to
    1:12:41 go. So I had these encounters, Tim, whereby I had a childhood following animals and learning
    1:12:46 this art form and really the dynamics and the psyche of the tracker, how a tracker approached
    1:12:52 the process of finding an animal in the middle of nowhere. And then watching how consistently
    1:12:56 good trackers delivered an outcome, they found the animal they were looking for. And so that,
    1:12:59 and at that time as a young child, I thought I was learning that skill.
    1:13:06 And then through my early twenties, I had a series of pretty traumatic encounters. And the
    1:13:12 result of that was that by the time I was about 23 or 24 years old, I had found myself frozen by
    1:13:18 trauma. I felt I was depressed. I was uncertain how to move forward. And in the way that trauma
    1:13:25 limits options, I felt myself extremely limited. I did not have access to, you know, a lot of
    1:13:31 emotionality. I did not have access to different choices. I was stuck. And at that time, I was
    1:13:36 very lucky to meet a woman who came on Safari. She became my first mentor. And the reason I
    1:13:43 guided her was because Alex, my friend who also features in the book, he had guided her a year
    1:13:48 before. And he said to me, she’s a martial artist. And I was very interested in martial arts, as I
    1:13:53 know you are. And so I went into the guide room. And in the guide room, there was this board where
    1:13:58 every guide got their name put next to the clients who were coming in. And I rubbed off
    1:14:03 someone else’s name and I put my name next to her to guide her. And that moment absolutely changed
    1:14:09 my life. Her name was Dr. Martha Beck. And she arrived on the Safari and we went out the first
    1:14:16 two days. And she said something on the second day that I felt something in me like really moved.
    1:14:21 We were driving along and I was telling her about the restoration of the land. And she said,
    1:14:26 I really understand this. And I believe the restoration of the planet will come out of a
    1:14:31 transformation in human consciousness. And the minute she said it, you know, whatever my grandfather
    1:14:35 knew or my father knew or my uncle knew when he saw that leopard, I felt that thing move inside of
    1:14:44 me. That kind of that idea struck me very deeply. And then on about the fourth day, I driven back
    1:14:49 to the camp and you know, I’m in my Safari gear. I got my rifle. I’m the guide. I’m rugged guy.
    1:14:56 I’m out there tracking lions. And she turned and she looked at me and she said, I’m ready to talk to
    1:15:01 you. And I was sort of a take in the back. I said, well, what do you mean? She said, I can see what
    1:15:04 you’re carrying and I can see how stuck you are. And I want you to know that I can help you and I’m
    1:15:09 here. And I don’t know if you’ve ever had one of those instances where someone sees you when you’re
    1:15:15 in one of those places. But I felt myself becoming really uncertain. And then I felt tears starting
    1:15:21 to come to my eyes. And then there was this moment where this woman is hugging the Safari guide and
    1:15:27 just consoling me. And she was an incredible healer and she was exceptionally adept at
    1:15:35 transformational processes. And so she started to teach me how to move through the trauma and
    1:15:42 the suffering that I was stuck in. And as that happened, my relationship to tracking started
    1:15:47 to change. And I started to see this art form in a different way. And I realized that I was looking
    1:15:53 for something. And all of the skills and the mentality of the tracker was highly adept to
    1:15:58 being in a transformational process. The first thing that you will have to do if you want to go
    1:16:05 track a lion in the wild is you will have to become super uncomfortable with unknowns. You will have
    1:16:09 to give up all the ways you tried to know what to do and say, I don’t know how to do this.
    1:16:16 All trackers operate using unknowns to almost bring them to life. You will need to develop
    1:16:22 your track awareness. Track awareness is teaching yourself to be attuned to a very specific set
    1:16:28 of signs, metrics, but self-generated. Like when I was a kid, Renius would take me out to a game
    1:16:33 path and he would say, walk down that game path and tell me what you see. And I would come back
    1:16:38 and I would say to him, I saw a herd of impala walk there. And he would say, I’m fine. From
    1:16:45 a long foot, young boy, go look again. And as I was walking away, he would say, put your head down
    1:16:50 like the way an animal drinks, put your head right down against the trail and look like you’re
    1:16:55 drinking water like an animal. And I would come back and I would say, I can see where the herd
    1:16:59 of impala walked, but they actually walked over the tracks of a leopard. And I can see where a
    1:17:04 mouse ran across the path and then an owl swooped down and its wing touched the ground. And each
    1:17:11 time I walked down that path, under his guidance, there was more information. And that idea became
    1:17:15 very important to me, the idea that there is information in your life if you are looking for
    1:17:21 transformation, but you have to teach yourself to attune to it. And so what do you need to attune to
    1:17:26 in transformational processes? Things that make you feel expensive, things that make you feel alive,
    1:17:30 letting go of your rational idea of what you should do and noticing what you move towards,
    1:17:34 noticing what you’re curious about, noticing the people who energize you, the activities that
    1:17:39 make you feel more alive. So I started to see, see through the eyes of the tracker, the first
    1:17:45 track, you know, the first track being the next thing you know to do, letting go of, you know,
    1:17:51 where that animal might be or letting go of where you think you should be and just doing the next
    1:17:56 thing you know to do and the next thing you know to do. If you watch great trackers, they drop into
    1:18:01 what I call the following state. And it’s so beautiful if you watch Alex and Renius in the
    1:18:07 following state. The following state could be defined almost as constant creative response
    1:18:12 to what is occurring. If the track cuts left, Alex will click and he’ll say I’m on the track.
    1:18:17 If it cuts right, Renius will be on it. They’re getting a sense of the mood of the animal.
    1:18:21 They’re using their own body to attune to the way the animal is moving and in that way,
    1:18:26 like almost feel the animal as it’s walking out ahead of them. At the same time, they are vectoring
    1:18:30 and they are getting a sense of their bearings using waypoints of marula trees up ahead.
    1:18:34 When you watch them, they’re almost having fun in it. They’re playing.
    1:18:39 They’re playing on that track. And so you will need to develop the following state in your own
    1:18:44 transformational process. How can you play? How can you be creative with not knowing what you’re
    1:18:48 trying to create or this place you’re trying to get to but being open and willing and aware and
    1:18:55 attuned? You will almost certainly lose the track and sort of saying this to see how the tracker
    1:19:00 came to me in a different way as I got into my own journey of healing. You will lose the track.
    1:19:03 You’ll be in the middle of it thinking I’m deep in the following state. I’m right on track and
    1:19:08 then suddenly it’ll be gone. And you will need to build community around you of other great
    1:19:13 trackers, people who are willing to move with you, follow with you. And the core of it is really
    1:19:19 that there is something inside of you that knows. There is a part of you. You might call it your
    1:19:23 wild self. You might call it the track of your life or as native people call it your medicine way.
    1:19:30 A part of you that beyond rational thought reacts when you become more in tune with yourself
    1:19:34 and sifting away the layers of socialization, all the things you should do,
    1:19:39 all the things you have to do to start to be able to follow the trail of that place inside of you
    1:19:45 became really what the core of my own journey to healing was. And I live like that to this day
    1:19:51 as a tracker, trying to be present, resting into the unknown, attuning and trying to fall into the
    1:19:55 following state with what energizes me, makes me curious and pulls me forward.
    1:20:04 Thank you for that. It strikes me also that a lot of people who would try to help another start
    1:20:13 almost as a hammer looking for nails, right? They don’t listen enough first and it just strikes
    1:20:22 me that what Martha did was very much initially demonstrated by her powers of observation,
    1:20:27 awareness and attunement. And those are sort of like the core fundamental characteristics
    1:20:35 that you need to develop or resurrect before you can really prescribe anything at all. And
    1:20:40 the question I want to ask is actually related to the traumatic events. If you’re open to it,
    1:20:46 would you be willing to share what happened or some of the examples of what happened in your 20s?
    1:20:50 Yeah, just one comment on Martha. Once we started to get onto that level with each other,
    1:20:59 when I watched her and I looked at her, what I saw was a superb tracker. She understood how trauma
    1:21:05 patterns us. And she was incredibly adept at first tracking the pattern and then starting
    1:21:11 to support you in creating a different outcome for yourself or providing tools and options for
    1:21:15 different ways of doing it. And as I watched her work with myself and with many other people,
    1:21:21 I saw a tracker who would at first just really observe and get to know what they were working
    1:21:27 with and be present and attuned. And that’s really what most attracted me to her work.
    1:21:32 I saw a tracker of human processes in first and foremost. And that’s probably what I was
    1:21:36 mature enough, the frame that I was able to see through at that time as a tracker.
    1:21:45 But yeah, to segue into my own experiences, my family, I would say, went through a very difficult
    1:21:51 10-year period, a period of intense suffering. And yet that suffering became the place where we
    1:21:56 learned to do the work and go inward and start to understand how healing processes work. And so
    1:22:02 I’ve gotten to the place now where I’ve fondly looked back on those 10 years of initiation,
    1:22:07 you know, university of suffering. But it began for me when my grandmother died,
    1:22:13 my father, who had taken the londelosie model of care of land, care of wildlife, care of people,
    1:22:20 and he had launched it to 30 other operations around Southern Africa, which Mandela had asked
    1:22:25 him to do. And so he had been this big sort of expansion. And then in a classic kind of change
    1:22:31 of founder’s trap, he got fired from that. And then very soon into that, South Africa was going
    1:22:36 through a very, very difficult time. And one night we were in Johannesburg, and this was
    1:22:40 post-elections, but it was still, the country was still really finding its feet. And there was
    1:22:48 a ton of violent crimes still happening. And yeah, as I said, I was 18 years old and I woke up
    1:22:53 and my sister was shaking me. And immediately as I sat up, I had a gun pushed into my face.
    1:22:59 And the home that we were staying in, in Johannesburg on that occasion, had been invaded.
    1:23:08 And I just felt the adrenaline pump through my system. And all of my work in healing spaces later,
    1:23:13 and I know that you’re involved in psychedelic assisted therapy, has been to try and get a cap
    1:23:19 on the scope of where my body goes when it gets a mild trauma, because I woke up into
    1:23:25 my worst nightmare. And I looked to my left and my mother’s tied up on the floor and my sister’s
    1:23:32 tied up. And I know kind of stories of how these things go, the violence, the potential danger to
    1:23:39 women. And it was just like absolute red line fear. And just to see the woman in my life,
    1:23:47 my family like that. And so just shocking. And then realizing that, you know, I know I can read
    1:23:52 animals, but I can’t quite read people. I mean, I can’t quite read them. It’s they don’t they’re
    1:23:55 not as honest as animals. You know, so I just don’t know where this is going to go. And I’m
    1:24:02 sitting in this tension. And eventually, they took me outside, these guys who had broken into the
    1:24:08 house. And they said to me, we’re going to kill you. So they pulled me outside. And they put a gun
    1:24:15 to my head. And they said, this is they basically said, now we’re going to kill you. And, you know,
    1:24:20 the fear was so intense. And then I remember looking up the barrel at the man who was holding
    1:24:26 the gun to my head. And we looked into each other’s eyes. And in that moment, something happened,
    1:24:32 which I can’t say what happened. You might call it the peace of God that path is understanding.
    1:24:40 But I think it was too big for my ego structure to hold. And it collapsed. And as I looked at him,
    1:24:49 all fear left me. And all concern for my own bodily safety left me. And I just felt a profound
    1:24:54 human connection with him. And as that happened, and there were three of these guys standing around
    1:25:01 me, as as that moment happened, it was kind of this, this weird, I the only way I can describe it
    1:25:05 is a kind of a weirdness came over everyone. It was as if everyone had become glimmered.
    1:25:13 And they put the guns down and everyone just stood there confused. And I walked back inside,
    1:25:18 totally unaccosted in any way. And I got the car keys. And I walked back out and I gave them
    1:25:26 the car keys. And I said, get in that car and leave. And they did. And it was just immensely bizarre.
    1:25:32 And and for years, I lived with trying to work out both the terror that I felt and the the fear
    1:25:36 that had flooded me, but also trying to integrate like whatever had happened in that moment.
    1:25:44 And I’m not sure that I fully understand it, but you know, I felt like I glimpsed through the most
    1:25:51 terrifying situation, I glimpsed something. That was a very, very sort of that was the first freezing
    1:25:59 experience that I had. It was terrifying. And then on the heels of that, and I think sometimes
    1:26:06 of Jung’s description of like, what is unconscious will be made conscious, it will manifest into
    1:26:11 your life until you become more conscious about what you’re carrying. A couple of weeks after that,
    1:26:16 literally in the same year, myself and some friends and another tracker called Solium Longo,
    1:26:22 we went down to the river on the reserve. And it was an extremely hot day. And we left the
    1:26:27 people who we were guiding sitting under a tree. And we began to walk upstream in the river.
    1:26:33 And Solium stayed on the bank. And I was actually walking in the water. And the water was knee deep,
    1:26:39 running over sand. And you could see quite clearly. And then there was a place up ahead where a tree
    1:26:45 had fallen over and its branches were in the water. And it was kind of shadowy. And I when I
    1:26:48 think of it now, I think if it had been a horror movie, you know, people in the audience would
    1:26:52 have started saying, don’t go near the shadowy place. And of course, as I walk past the shadowy
    1:26:57 place, I actually sat down just on the edge of those shadows. And my perception was that the
    1:27:02 water was too shallow for crocodiles. But of course, the crocodile was in the hole. And
    1:27:07 the first thing that you notice when a crocodile grabs you is just the ferocity and the pressure
    1:27:13 of the bite. I just felt it slam onto my right leg. And it tries to pull me into the deep section
    1:27:18 of the water. I throw my arm up and I grab a branch and it starts to shake me. And I see a
    1:27:23 slick of blood appear in the water and then it gets washed downstream. While the crocodile is
    1:27:28 shaking me, I see Solly, who’s on the bank, he sees me. And he sees that I’m in trouble.
    1:27:33 And he immediately starts making his way towards me. Solly is also a Shangan man, grew up hunting
    1:27:39 and gathering. The croc goes to bite me a second time. And I kicked and by the grace of God,
    1:27:45 my foot went down its throat and it spat me out. And I pulled myself up into the branches of the
    1:27:51 tree. And I have this memory of almost being non local watching myself pull myself up into the
    1:27:56 branches of the tree. I got up into the branches and I remember looking over my shoulder and my
    1:28:02 leg from the knee down is just absolutely mangled, torn to pieces and meat hanging off. I made a
    1:28:08 pact with myself in that moment like never look at that again. I made my way through the branches.
    1:28:13 And I fell onto the bank. And I knew that I was extremely vulnerable on the bank. Crocodiles,
    1:28:17 it’s an elite predator, if it thinks it can get you and I was on the bank against the water,
    1:28:23 it’s going to grab me again. At that point, Solly coming from the other bank arrives at the deep
    1:28:28 section of the channel. He’s seen me come out of the water. He’s seen that my leg is mangled.
    1:28:35 And he knows that in the deep channel of water between him and I is a crocodile. And I can tell
    1:28:39 you that man didn’t slow down not for one second. He plunged into the water. He waded into almost
    1:28:44 over his hips and he got to me on the bank and he grabbed me put me on his shoulder and he carried
    1:28:50 me up onto the bank. He took his shirt off. He wrapped it around my leg. We were able to call
    1:28:56 the folks who are with us and calm them down radio plane that was flying over. And I was able to get
    1:29:02 medivac out and and we were able to stop the bleeding so that I would I survived. So, you know,
    1:29:09 those two experiences were very alive in me. And maybe this is a side point and and then I’ll
    1:29:13 slow down for a while. But, you know, in the in the months after that, I sat many, many times with
    1:29:20 Soli. And I said to him, “Soli, you know, why did you come in the water?” And he would look at me
    1:29:26 with disdain and he said, “Umpho, unan kingan dinan kinga pel.” He said, “My brother, you’re in trouble.
    1:29:31 I’m in trouble.” And at first I thought it was some kind of like, you know, platitude. He was playing
    1:29:38 down his actions. But as time went on, I really understood and I came to see that in the way
    1:29:43 that Soli grew up, he grew up in a much more collective consciousness. He grew up with his tribe
    1:29:50 He grew up hunting and gathering. He grew up in nature. And he lived in a much more interconnected
    1:29:55 way than any of us live. In fact, his whole psyche was not formed around individuality.
    1:30:02 His psyche was formed around a we consciousness, you and me together, collective consciousness. And
    1:30:07 to him, it was fundamental. If I was in trouble, he was in trouble. And so he did not see it as any
    1:30:12 kind of heroic action. He just saw it as the most obvious natural thing to do. And that really,
    1:30:18 that moved me. And that taught me a lot. I’m going to come back to a couple, a number of things.
    1:30:22 First, good Lord, I’m sorry both this things happened, even though it ended up being the
    1:30:29 University of Suffering. Those are two excruciating experiences to put it mildly.
    1:30:37 But just based on what you said about this collective consciousness, does the word ubuntu
    1:30:44 or the concept of ubuntu tie into this in any way? Oh, absolutely. Could you explain that for folks?
    1:30:55 Yeah, ubuntu is an African philosophy that says I am because of you. Or people are not people
    1:31:01 without other people. And what ubuntu is talking to is the relational nature of life.
    1:31:10 And the point I want to make about it is that it is in when you spend time with people with the
    1:31:15 ubuntu consciousness is activated in them where ubuntu is alive in them. It is actually a kind
    1:31:22 of structuring in their very psyche. They experience things in relation. They experience each other
    1:31:29 in a relational way. And they know that knowing yourself and being yourself is about being connected
    1:31:37 to people but also to the broader field of sentient life. And so what Soli was activating there
    1:31:42 was the ubuntu consciousness. And he was showing that ubuntu consciousness comes alive in action
    1:31:46 through courageous action in that case. But very much what he was showing me that day was
    1:31:53 how deeply ingrained it was in him the collective nature of life. Another way of saying it Tim is
    1:31:59 like and this gets really interesting as you start to learn your own psyche. But different
    1:32:06 cultures, the psyches are structured differently. And in a more Western setting, you might say that
    1:32:11 in a society where the individual self is disconnected from the greater interconnectivity
    1:32:19 of life, the search for meaning is reduced to a constant state of comparison. So people will
    1:32:26 always on some level be saying, how am I doing in comparison? And so many people are living with
    1:32:30 that without even knowing that that’s how they’re trying to orientate themselves. Whereas if you
    1:32:35 grew up in Africa or if you grew up in nature, you grew up relationally. So it’s not comparative,
    1:32:39 it’s more like I’m learning about myself through my encounter with the world.
    1:32:45 I’m going to try to maybe awkwardly tie a number of things together here. When you and I,
    1:32:51 I think it was when we first spent time together. I can’t remember, maybe it was the first time
    1:32:59 we spoke, but you were just coming off of living in a tree, if I remember correctly.
    1:33:05 If you’re open to talking about that. If not, we can certainly cut it later. But since we’re
    1:33:12 talking about it, how many days were you in this tree? So I was 40 days and 40 nights in the tree.
    1:33:19 I went into the tree. If you read all the mystical traditions, including I think your man Hafiz on
    1:33:24 your bookshelf, but in all the mystical traditions, there seems to be a time when the mystics are
    1:33:30 drawn to be alone in nature. And Jesus went for 40 days and 40 nights, but the Buddha went to the
    1:33:35 Grove. There’s accounts of it all along the way. And so I wanted to go and have that experience
    1:33:40 myself. And I’m not saying I’m a mystic, but I wanted that my question was, why did all of the
    1:33:46 mystics go to be in total solitude in nature? And so with a lockdown in the world, suddenly I had six
    1:33:51 weeks where I could go and do that, go and sit in that question and see what answers came to me
    1:33:58 during that time. Initially, there was a tremendous anxiety. The first couple of days, I had a lot
    1:34:04 of thoughts around, I’m going to be away, I’m going to miss something, I’m not attending to, and then
    1:34:09 after three days, that all dropped. And I know the Aboriginal people have this amazing saying that
    1:34:14 modern culture is three days deep. And after three days, I thought I felt myself go into a
    1:34:21 different state of consciousness. I just realized it doesn’t matter. And then I started to attune
    1:34:27 myself to the natural world. And a few things happened. The one is that a big insight was that
    1:34:32 where your attention goes, your life goes. And if you’re constantly putting your attention on
    1:34:40 living things, there’s more aliveness in your own life. That was one. The second was that if you
    1:34:45 spend time in nature in the same spot over a period of time, it starts to become incredibly
    1:34:53 personal. So it’s not just a bird or that antelope, it’s that bird that roosts in that bush and
    1:34:58 flies down the riverbed in the morning and back up the southern bank. And then it feeds for grubs
    1:35:02 in this tree. And as you start to become more personally attuned to each animal, you start
    1:35:07 to see that there’s a pattern to their movement. And in fact, then you start to find yourself
    1:35:12 orientated inside of a series of interlocking intelligences. That is really what the natural
    1:35:20 world is. And then at some point, you realize that I’m not observing this, this intelligence that
    1:35:26 I’m watching unfold around me. I am fundamentally a part of this. And it stops being a mental
    1:35:32 construct. And you start to feel yourself inside of that intelligence. And that’s a very, very deep
    1:35:36 experience, or at least it was for me. And I think that that is why at a certain point,
    1:35:41 the mystics went to go and get quiet enough to feel themselves inside of that incredible
    1:35:46 field of intelligence that is the natural world. I had just radical encounters every day. And I
    1:35:53 think that’s another thing about the natural world is things happen. And as things happen each day,
    1:35:58 it almost like it helps you make meaning. And in the society, the societies of the modern world
    1:36:03 are almost becoming devoid of the structures that allow us to make meaning. But the natural world
    1:36:08 is full of encounter. And that encounter generates an aliveness and a relational
    1:36:12 meaning making quality that just makes life feel very, very rich. And we lived like that for
    1:36:19 thousands of years before we lived on discord. Were there any other aspects of the experience
    1:36:25 that were particularly surprising to you in any way? Or any other rules that you set for yourself
    1:36:31 that proved either fruitless or fruitful? I mean, the one encounter that comes to mind,
    1:36:36 and there were many, you know, lots of solo hours tracking, which felt very special. But on one of
    1:36:41 the nights, I got caught in a storm, a thunderstorm rolled in and the heat built all through the
    1:36:48 afternoon. And I could see the storm building out over the western horizon. And it started to look
    1:36:52 menacing and then even more menacing. And I was living on a flat platform up in the tree.
    1:37:00 And eventually the wind started to howl and blow. And then the mother and the father of
    1:37:07 a thunderstorm broke around me. And, you know, the lightning bolts were coming around around me.
    1:37:10 And I don’t know if you’ve ever been very close to lightning strikes. But the first thing is that
    1:37:17 you just hear it go like this. And then the blade comes down. And then the sound goes sonic. But
    1:37:24 if you close enough to it, it actually clicks as it hits the ground. Boom. And it started to come
    1:37:30 down around me, torrential rain and blades of lightning lighting up around me. And the sound
    1:37:35 was just so intense. And I mean, it was just monstrous. I was cast into a deep and overwhelming
    1:37:46 fear. And I realized that like true fear is like true fear is kind of a rare experience in modern
    1:37:52 life. Yeah, terror, terror, right? Like terror is a it’s a it’s a very distinct thing.
    1:37:58 It’s so distinct to like all my anxiety, you know, all the things I worry about,
    1:38:04 but like true, raw, I don’t know if we make it out of this fear is actually a very rare encounter
    1:38:09 in life. And, you know, it would not end. I just kept saying to myself, like, you can’t be this
    1:38:15 scared for so long. Surely it’s just going to pass. And then like another hour and another hour.
    1:38:21 And I just kind of weathered it and I felt an incredible. Yeah, I mean, I guess it’s talked
    1:38:29 about a lot, but an incredible fragility and an incredible humility. And then the next day,
    1:38:34 when I came out of it, I also felt like, Oh God, that scared me so much, but I would,
    1:38:38 I would do it again, you know, just like on the other side of it to have been like in a storm
    1:38:44 like that was felt felt very, very, very special. I felt like profoundly like a profound encounter
    1:38:52 with the force of nature. Do you think you will ever do an extended period solo like that again?
    1:38:56 I don’t know if you were totally solo. I have no idea if you were solo, solo, solo,
    1:39:00 or I was like solo most of the time, but a few people come out and say hi every once in a while.
    1:39:05 But maybe you could clarify that. But do you think you would repeat an experiment like that?
    1:39:09 Why or why not? Not necessarily in a tree, but that that degree of solitude.
    1:39:14 I mean, without a shadow of a doubt, it is one of the most beautiful things I’ve ever done.
    1:39:21 And I don’t know if I will do six weeks again, but I will certainly try and get 10 days solo
    1:39:26 in nature a year with no other people. And in this one, I didn’t see other people.
    1:39:30 I was totally by myself. And, you know, there’s amazing things that happen when you buy yourself.
    1:39:36 One is, you know, getting really into your own energy, just being in your own energetic field,
    1:39:41 then being attuned to nature and feeling your body start to attune to those rhythms,
    1:39:45 you know, watching the stars move through the sky all night and feeling yourself naturally
    1:39:49 wake up with the dawn and go to sleep when it gets dark and feeling your whole circadian rhythm
    1:39:54 attuned to that. What else about it? You know, funny things happen. Like on the one day,
    1:40:00 I banged my head. I had a trunk which had dry goods in it, but I banged my hand on the trunk.
    1:40:08 I was like, ah, God, you know, damn it. And I flew into a rage. I like I flew into a rage
    1:40:15 because it was so painful. And then I realized that with no one else around, I couldn’t maintain
    1:40:22 my state of anger. And it’s a really weird thing like sulking, being angry and sulking and moods
    1:40:28 and all of that stuff is really for the benefit of other people. It’s really so that other people
    1:40:32 can get tuned in to like, what a difficult time you’re having. But when you buy yourself,
    1:40:36 they just do not abide because there’s no one around to like stay in the story for.
    1:40:43 Well, speaking of mood, part of the reason I’m asking is because I know you and I have both
    1:40:49 experienced in life depressive episodes. And I suppose there’s part of me that thinks, man,
    1:40:54 40 days is a long time to be alone with the voices in your head. But did you find,
    1:40:59 how did you find that experience? Was that even a concern going into it for you?
    1:41:02 How did you, if you did think about it, how did you think about that?
    1:41:07 No, I mean, certainly a concern. And then there’s also this weird component of time, right? Like
    1:41:12 you wake up at four in the morning, you meditate, you go tracking for a few hours, you come back
    1:41:18 to the camp, you make some coffee, you run, you do some more reading and journaling, you meditate
    1:41:28 again, and it’s 10 15. And you have 39 days to go. So the one thing is that I, you know, I was not
    1:41:33 doing like traditional Zen retreat, I allowed myself books. I allowed myself to do daily
    1:41:39 recordings of my encounters, like kind of journal entries. And I allowed myself to go
    1:41:43 tracking. And so actually, it was incredibly generative for me. And there’s all these like
    1:41:47 little problems you have to solve, like you got to keep your camp clean, and then everything gets
    1:41:51 wet. And then you got to work out how to build yourself a bit of shelter. And then once you
    1:41:55 become more present, it becomes so full of life, like I would make myself this evening shower,
    1:42:01 I’d go full some full of big cast iron kettle with water. And then I would warm it on the fire.
    1:42:06 And then I would pour this kettle of hot water over myself totally alone, up in the tree. It was
    1:42:11 the best shower I’ve ever had. And just it was teaching me presence all the time. And once the
    1:42:16 anxiety left, there was a lot of introspection. And I looked at a lot of things, but I actually
    1:42:22 didn’t feel myself taken by anxious or depressive demons. The process felt very generative and alive
    1:42:28 to me. Yeah, that’s something that I’ve been looking at very, very closely for myself. And I
    1:42:34 don’t think I’ve yet perhaps developed the eyes or the awareness to parse it. But the characteristics
    1:42:45 or the circumstances that lead to nourishing solitude versus depleting isolation, right? Because
    1:42:50 those are very different. For me, those concepts represent very different things, right? Solitude
    1:42:56 versus isolation or loneliness. How does it feel for you now? Like if you went, if you went alone
    1:43:01 for a week to a cabin now, how does it land on you now? A week I could do. A week I can do. And
    1:43:06 I could find that, I think, very restorative. I particularly find it restorative if I am with
    1:43:17 Molly, my dog, and have that close connection. Going through wilderness with Molly is particularly
    1:43:23 nourishing to me. I can also do it solo. But I find that she and I are so attuned at this point
    1:43:29 because we spend almost all of our waking time together, that she’s like my external nervous
    1:43:34 systems. She’s almost like an amplifier from my own nervous system. So I’m picking up what I’m
    1:43:39 picking up, but I’m also picking up a lot of what she is picking up just by observing her behavior.
    1:43:48 And that is very additive for me. And also deep into my relationship, not only with the
    1:43:55 surroundings and with myself on some level, but with her. So a week I would take no problem.
    1:43:59 I think the six weeks starts to get out to a point where I’m like, I wonder, right? There’s
    1:44:04 just a question mark because I haven’t done six weeks solo. That’s a pretty good stretch of time.
    1:44:10 Yeah. I mean, I will say that it was largely supplemented by the passion for tracking.
    1:44:16 And so your encounter with feeling the presence of Molly there and being in this thing together,
    1:44:22 like my feeling is every time I’m tracking, I’m in a new story. Every time I’m out there
    1:44:28 following, I’m in a deep encounter and it actually feels like there’s this alive,
    1:44:34 sentience awareness. One of the things that I would say is that when I first went out,
    1:44:39 I thought that part of what I was doing is I wanted to improve my attunement to nature,
    1:44:45 like I wanted to know nature. But one of the most profound experiences out of it was that I started
    1:44:51 to feel known by nature. And I know that this maybe veers us off a little bit into the esoteric,
    1:44:57 but there was this feeling that there’s this sentient, alive consciousness and somehow
    1:45:03 it was feeling me as I was feeling it in a really deep way. And that felt actually,
    1:45:10 that felt incredibly supportive and like I was touching something really beautiful and special.
    1:45:16 I think there’s a lot to that, but lest we get too far down the rabbit hole into crazy town,
    1:45:22 which maybe we’ll do on a round two, definitely do around a campfire in person.
    1:45:27 But I think there’s actually a lot there related to what you just said. I do want to
    1:45:34 discuss your healing process and this is going to seem like a very strange way to approach it.
    1:45:41 Before we get to that, I feel like maybe like ginger and the sushi meal will just give people
    1:45:47 a story as a quick refresher slash palate cleanser and then we’ll dig into some heavy
    1:45:57 stuff. So are you willing to tell the story about the bees? Oh, absolutely. Well, I guess we bonded
    1:46:02 over the story. People ask me a lot, like, what’s the most dangerous encounter you’ve had in nature?
    1:46:08 And by this stage of the podcast, you know, a crocodile tried to ingest me and that wasn’t the
    1:46:17 worst. But I became fascinated by bees for a few reasons. The one is that one day I was walking
    1:46:24 in the wild part of Zimbabwe and I came across this ancient baobab tree, this two-story high
    1:46:28 baobab tree and it had been hollowed out when elephant had knocked the branch and it was in
    1:46:34 fact empty and a swarm of bees had made their hive in the top of it and the sound of the bees
    1:46:39 humming was coming down the base of that tree and it was like standing next to this giant digery dew.
    1:46:45 And just the sort of, I could hear the intensity of the bees through this process and I felt their
    1:46:50 vibration coming out of this tree and it was, it kind of sparked my interest. There’s also an
    1:46:57 amazing thing in Southern Africa. There’s a bird called the honey guide and literally if you go out
    1:47:03 in parts of wilderness in Africa and you start banging on trees, a bird will come to you and it
    1:47:08 will start to call incredibly animatedly, very much like Disney’s. I think he wants us to follow him
    1:47:15 and then it will fly in front of you and show you where the beehive is so that like for thousands
    1:47:20 of years before as a hunter-gatherer you can rob the beehive and then you put some honey down next
    1:47:24 to you and the bird comes and lands next to you and eats the honey. It’s this incredible ancient,
    1:47:29 just an encounter like that, like it just takes you back thousands of years.
    1:47:34 Wow. Wait, just for clarity, this is like thousands, tens of thousands who knows,
    1:47:43 hundreds of thousands of years of co-evolution where this bird has a species memory of a symbiotic
    1:47:47 relationship with humanoids. Is that what I’m hearing?
    1:47:54 And type of morphogenic field memory that when it sees a person it knows we go and get honey together.
    1:47:56 Wow. I mean, isn’t that amazing? That’s cool.
    1:47:59 And you walk out to remote places and suddenly the bird’s there and it’s like,
    1:48:03 “Come on, let’s do this. Are we going to do this?” And it almost appears to get disappointed
    1:48:06 if you’re like, “I’m not going to go and rob the beehive now.” Wow.
    1:48:12 So anyway, like I was having the, you know, sort of I was around with this idea and I was like,
    1:48:16 “The bees are really fascinating.” And then I started reading up on them and it’s this incredible
    1:48:21 creature, right? They pollinate millions of flowers. They’re one of the biggest contributors
    1:48:26 from the insect world to the economy, honey sales. They can field electromagnetic fields.
    1:48:32 They will disappear if a storm is brewing. And then as you watch the hive itself, this incredible
    1:48:40 kind of algorithmic intelligence whereby a single bee, an individual bee, responds to localize stimuli,
    1:48:46 doing what it knows to do. And when enough bees, responding to individual localized stimuli,
    1:48:51 all start to attune and algorithm fires through the hive and they move as one and they know where
    1:48:56 to go and get food, et cetera. So that idea also gripped me, the idea of individuals attuning to
    1:49:01 what they know to do can trigger a kind of a collective transformation. So I got really into
    1:49:05 this and I went up into the village behind the camp. That’s all the good stuff. All the good stuff.
    1:49:10 Yeah, just a little backstory here before my near-death experience. So wait, I should tell you
    1:49:16 that during the time that I got fascinated about bees, there was a couple who were coming on safari
    1:49:20 and they had been writing to me from Singapore and they were saying, “Listen, we want to come to
    1:49:25 Africa, but we’re terrified of Ebola.” And I had said to them, “Listen, Ebola is in North and West
    1:49:29 Africa. There’s no Ebola in South Africa. Yeah, but we’re very, very afraid of it. We’re very
    1:49:34 concerned that it could travel.” I said, “You really have to trust me. There is no Ebola in
    1:49:38 South Africa. You’re going to be absolutely safe.” So they had come on safari. Meantime,
    1:49:44 I walk up into the back of the village and I seek out a man by the name of Simon Sambo.
    1:49:52 Simon Sambo. He himself has a mellifluous voice,
    1:49:57 very soft, lilting voice. And Simon Sambo is the village beekeeper. So I say to him,
    1:50:02 “Simon, I’ve got really interested in bees and I know that you have some hives and I would love to
    1:50:09 come and experience your beekeeping.” He says, “Okay, there’s no problem. I can take your beekeeping.”
    1:50:15 I said, “Great. I’m excited about this.” He says, “You’ll meet me tomorrow in the morning
    1:50:22 and we will go and meet the bees.” Great. Next morning, I meet him and he’s got a big sort of
    1:50:28 black plastic case and we drive out to the hives and I’m inappropriately dressed. I’m in like shorts
    1:50:35 and t-shirt. And I say to him, “What do we do now?” He says, “Okay, the first thing is you must put on
    1:50:42 your beekeeping suit.” So he gives me his suit and I put it on and it’s a little bit short for me,
    1:50:48 like literally between my sneaker and my ankle, I have some exposure. So I said to him, “Simon,
    1:50:54 the suit’s a bit short for me.” Because this was his second suit. He says, “Don’t worry. You can
    1:51:00 borrow my socks.” So he takes his boots off and he’s got thick black socks. And so I sort of feel
    1:51:05 and I think, “Okay, this is going to be good.” And I put the socks on and I like seal up the suit
    1:51:12 and I say to him, “Cool, Simon, let’s get the smoker going now.” He says, “Oh no, I don’t use the smoker.
    1:51:17 It makes the bees afraid of a fire.” So like a little bell goes off in my head. I’m like,
    1:51:23 “But beekeepers all over the world use the smoker.” He says, “It’s not my style.” I’m like, “Okay,
    1:51:29 I’m here to learn.” And so Simon and I start heading towards the hives and I’m talking African
    1:51:37 bees here. Now, some amazing thing happens as you approach the hive. If you just walk past the hive
    1:51:43 with no intention of doing anything, the bees somehow know it. But the minute you put your
    1:51:49 intention and attention on them, I don’t know how it’s maybe too woo, but I’m telling you they
    1:51:55 feel it. And as you start walking towards the hive, they start changing gears like they’re at the
    1:52:05 Austin F1 track. You hear the sound changing. So we get up next to the hive and Simon gets
    1:52:13 out his crowbar and he cranks the lid off and 70,000 of the most enraged African bees rise up in a
    1:52:19 black cloud around me. And they’re shimmering around me and you can feel the intensity and you
    1:52:26 can feel their attitude of, “Oh, you think you can fuck with us.” And they’re all around you and
    1:52:30 they start to land on you. And you know, someone who’s grown up around animals, I feel the energy
    1:52:36 of a single angry aggressive animal. And they’re all over me and I say, “Simon, this is quite intense.”
    1:52:42 He says, “Don’t worry, everything’s okay.” And they start landing on the visor and like blocking
    1:52:48 the visor out and it’s super intense. And right at that moment in the midst of this like raw buzzing
    1:52:59 intensity, one bee found my weak sock area and it stung me through the sock. And the minute
    1:53:05 as that sting went through the sock, a huge pheromonal cascade was released to the other bees
    1:53:12 and the shimmering, swarming, dark mass around my head. It stopped for a second and then as one,
    1:53:19 the bees went to my ankles. And they begin to sting me intensely through the socks. The socks
    1:53:23 do not work. So I think, “Simon, Simon, they’re stinging me. Simon, Simon, they’re stinging me.
    1:53:29 What must I do? What must I do?” He says, “Okay, back away.” And they start following me and then
    1:53:33 I’m being stung hundreds of times. And then at one stage, I look up and there’s a bee that has,
    1:53:38 it’s inside the suit. So if I get into the clearing and I have a swarm of bees around me,
    1:53:41 they are still penetrating the sock badly. I say, “Simon, what must I do? What must I do?”
    1:53:48 He says, “Hold on, I will help you.” And he runs over and he cuts a large branch of a tree.
    1:53:53 And then he runs back and he starts beating me with the branch. And I’m standing in the clearing,
    1:53:56 getting pounded with the branch. And they’re still stinging me. They’re still all around me.
    1:54:02 I say, “Simon, it’s not working. It’s not working.” He says, “Okay, I will get the smoker going.”
    1:54:07 And I just, the thought ran to my head like, “Little late for that.” And he grabbed the smoke.
    1:54:11 He starts putting elephant dung in it. And then he gets it going and he comes over to me and he
    1:54:17 starts blasting me with the smoker. And the first blast went right through the visor of the beekeeping
    1:54:22 suit and kind of into my mouth. And so I got a big inhale of elephant dung. And then my mind
    1:54:27 and my chest immediately tightened up. I started thinking, “Shit, my whole body is going into
    1:54:32 anaphylaxis. Is it elephant dung or is it anaphylaxis?” And they’re still stinging me. And it’s bad.
    1:54:35 I said, “Simon, they’re still stinging me. They’re still stinging me.” He says, “Okay,
    1:54:43 run for your life.” And this is when two men in beekeeping suits break into a full run
    1:54:47 through the wilderness. And we just start running aimlessly at first. And then he says,
    1:54:54 “They will chase you forever. Make for the Land Rover.” So we run to the Land Rover and we jump into
    1:55:01 it. And he just says, “Drive, drive, drive. They are enraged.” And start driving off into the
    1:55:08 wilderness. True as nuts, we come around the first corner and on the other safari truck driving
    1:55:13 towards us is the couple from Singapore who’ve been afraid of Ebola. And they see, what they see
    1:55:20 is the Ebola cleanup crew in full white suits driving towards them at full speed going, “You’re
    1:55:28 gonna die. You’re gonna die. Drive, drive, drive.” And that was my first encounter with the bee. So
    1:55:34 eventually I make it back to the house. And I remember I got into my bedroom and I sat on the
    1:55:40 bed and I was just trying to feel my own body. And I was like, “Am I dying? Am I dying? Am I okay?
    1:55:46 Like, is it kicking in?” And I got into the shower and I like took all the stings out of my ankles
    1:55:54 and I made it back onto my bed. And that was me for the next five days. I did not move. My feet
    1:56:01 looked like someone had taken surgical gloves and just blown them off. And Simon and Simon would
    1:56:07 come around and he would say, “Hey, boy. How are you doing today?” He said, “Not good.” He said,
    1:56:10 “I bought some ice for your feet. Next time we will get you boots.”
    1:56:19 But you know, I sat with it and what I took out of it was, number one, what the bees taught me
    1:56:26 is if you want to know about the bees, respect the bees. And the next thing that I got was,
    1:56:33 I became intrigued by the power of this collective ability to fire the collective
    1:56:38 consciousness algorithm. Like, what would it mean if we all started really attending to states of
    1:56:44 peace and healing and well-being? And if enough of us did that, could we, like the bees, you know,
    1:56:49 create some kind of algorithmic transformation for everyone? Yeah, we’re sticking a lot out of
    1:56:55 that shit out of some invaders ankles. Intensity. They taught me so much about intensity. I think
    1:57:01 that’s what I learned from Independence Day. If we have aliens invade, that’s a great way for us
    1:57:05 to activate our high of mind, to sting the shit out of someone’s ankles. Get the bees on them.
    1:57:11 All right. Well, the segue back to what I mentioned earlier is going to be a little awkward.
    1:57:18 Let me find an in-between course to get us there that’ll maybe lead us back in some odd way.
    1:57:27 Could you speak to the moment when a lion notices you and then what happens at that point?
    1:57:31 How does an encounter like that unfold? Well, again, you know, I want to come back
    1:57:35 to that idea of the minute a lion becomes aware of you and you become aware of it,
    1:57:40 you are in a language dialogue and it is a language of energy and presence. Now,
    1:57:45 there’s usually one of two things that will happen. Either the lion will get up and this is
    1:57:52 99% of the encounters. The lion’s natural instinct is to get away from you. Remember,
    1:57:57 people hunted lions for hundreds of years on the plains and actually one of the primary ways that
    1:58:02 hunter-gatherers got food and a lot of people don’t know this is they tracked lions and then
    1:58:07 they would rob them of their kills. And so lions have a long history of being chased by humans.
    1:58:11 So normally it’ll go away from you. However, that doesn’t always happen.
    1:58:16 Particularly if a lioness has cubs or if they have meat, they can be aggressive.
    1:58:21 Now, normally what will happen is the first thing that you will notice is the animal’s
    1:58:27 body will tighten. They’ll drop their head and the tail starts to flick intensely and they start
    1:58:34 to warning Gral at you. And it sounds like the Gral is so intense, it sounds like someone started
    1:58:39 a dirt bike in the bush up ahead of you. And then if it’s a lioness and she’s got cubs,
    1:58:44 she’ll stand up and still with her head low and her ears back and the tail lashing,
    1:58:50 she slowly starts to walk towards you and she fixes you with a gaze of utter intensity.
    1:58:57 And the minute she has you in that gaze, your only option is you have to stand your ground
    1:59:02 and you have to communicate an intense presence back to her. So when that happens to me, if I
    1:59:08 feel myself starting to come into an encounter where we’re going to have a more aggressive energetic
    1:59:11 conversation with each other. And may I just interject for one second to say when you don’t
    1:59:16 have clients, true or false, you guys will often go out with just walking sticks.
    1:59:21 Yeah, no rifles without clients. Okay, please continue.
    1:59:28 We will, what we most believe in is being in this dialogue. And so if that happens,
    1:59:35 the first thing that you do is you breathe out a long outbreath because everything in your system
    1:59:39 is starting to jack up because the feeling of it is like, I mean, you can feel your whole system
    1:59:45 flush with adrenaline. So you breathe out, you anchor yourself. And then you understand that
    1:59:49 that lion is trying to communicate with you. She walks towards you intensely,
    1:59:55 intensely. And then she’ll growl. And with that, she charges. And then she runs at you
    2:00:01 at full speed. And it is in, it’s so fast, snarling, full gums revealed, teeth revealed,
    2:00:06 and she comes in. And then you stand your ground and you look directly in the eyes.
    2:00:13 And mostly what will happen is she’ll stop some distance from you. As she stops,
    2:00:17 you hold her in your energy and you almost aggressive back to her. And you’re showing
    2:00:23 that like, I’m dangerous too. And then the minute you see her energy drop a little bit,
    2:00:27 because all that she’s doing is she’s trying to anchor you so that the cubs can run away.
    2:00:30 The minute you see her energy drop a little bit, you just start dropping away. And you give her,
    2:00:36 still facing her, you step back, you give her space. And very quickly you start communicating to her
    2:00:40 that we know we’ve come too close, but we’re going to give you space now. But you can only do that
    2:00:46 once she has stopped coming at you. If you watch her very intensely and Renia is really the master
    2:00:51 of this, as you watch her closely, a slight drop in energy and he’ll move backwards a little bit.
    2:00:56 And then you get out of the situation and you just find yourself giggling stupidly
    2:01:00 and doing all the weird things that happen after high tense situations.
    2:01:06 So you said most of the time they stop some distance from you. So what’s the alternate scenario?
    2:01:12 If you’re in the alternate scenario, you’ve got something very, very wrong.
    2:01:18 And the reason that you get into the alternate scenario is that you get it wrong in the moment.
    2:01:22 You see, as that charge starts happening, you’re in the dialogue and your presence
    2:01:26 is absolutely critical in your ability to project an energetic presence and meet her.
    2:01:29 And then to quickly help her understand that you’re not afraid of her,
    2:01:33 you’re dangerous, but you’re also going to give way. And when people get killed,
    2:01:37 it’s because they get that wrong. They fall over, their nerve breaks and they want to run
    2:01:40 or they get scared and they start running immediately. That’s when dangerous things happen.
    2:01:45 You know, I don’t know if you’ve ever come across this book, but it’s one of my favorite
    2:01:51 nonfiction books of the last 10 years, which is saying a lot for me because I do read a lot of
    2:01:56 books and they already have cleared hurdles, right? I’m not just reading whatever I like randomly
    2:02:00 pick off of Amazon. I’m getting books that are usually recommended by two or three people first
    2:02:05 in a book called of Wolves and Men by Barry Lopez, who’s won a lot of awards. He’s best known for a
    2:02:13 book called Arctic Dreams, but of Wolves and Men, he talks about the conversation between
    2:02:19 predator and prey as the conversation of death. And he went out with field biologists and also with
    2:02:30 Inuit and Native Americans in North America at various points and observed different hunts
    2:02:37 and also heard stories from both groups about this conversation of death. So people listening
    2:02:42 might think, “Well, that doesn’t make any sense. A lion is a predator. They can easily overtake you.
    2:02:47 Why wouldn’t they attack you?” But time and time again, the conversation of death wouldn’t always
    2:02:53 end in death. Sometimes a perfectly capable, say, pack of wolves would pursue a caribou or an elk
    2:02:58 or something. And then at one point, the elk or the caribou do an about face, stand off with the
    2:03:02 wolves, and then they would just part ways. They’d just walk in opposite directions. And it seems to
    2:03:08 defy explanation, but it does happen. And I found that entire segment of the book, it comes up a
    2:03:14 number of times, but talking about the nuances in this conversation of death and how these animals
    2:03:21 interface, there seems to be some communication. And sometimes it ends in death. And other times,
    2:03:26 it just ends in both parties deciding like, “Okay, another day.” And then they just
    2:03:33 go in different directions. It’s something I don’t have any real understanding of, but I find
    2:03:39 endlessly fascinating. So it’s something that you’ve had more firsthand experience with, I suppose.
    2:03:45 I mean, there’s just a knowledge out there that is… And if you actually talk to any people,
    2:03:52 biologists feel, the more time you spend in nature, the more you’ll realize how little we know. There
    2:03:56 is subtlety and nuance, and there is things happening out there that is way beyond our
    2:04:00 understanding. Yeah. Yeah, there’s another example. I think it’s in of wolves and men,
    2:04:08 but talking about how their recorded instances of wolf packs that are being tracked, presumably
    2:04:13 with radio collars, but maybe with flyovers or something like that prior to the satellite collars,
    2:04:20 because this book was written in the ’70s, that at some point, for no discernible cause,
    2:04:27 no stimuli that can be identified will just pick up and all head off in a very precise direction
    2:04:32 in a more or less straight line. And then four days later, they intersect perfectly with a
    2:04:37 caribou herd that happens to be migrating, but started at roughly the same time, moving in a
    2:04:44 different direction. And the two vectors intersect and say, “Okay, that seems interesting. I don’t
    2:04:49 know how to explain that exactly.” But these types of phenomena that get observed over and over again
    2:04:55 and also not to take us too far afield, but these so-called, and in some cases, they’re
    2:05:02 certainly mythologies, but mythologies about, for instance, in the case of some North American
    2:05:08 Indians, the collaboration between Coyote and Badger. So the joining forces of Coyote and Badger,
    2:05:14 which for a long time was thought to be this quaint fairytale. And then during quarantine,
    2:05:20 this is now about a year, year and a half ago, there was some type of trail cam footage that was
    2:05:26 released that showed like a Coyote playing with a Badger like a dog would, like wagging its tail
    2:05:32 and jumping around and then them leading off through a tunnel on basically a hunting party.
    2:05:38 There’s just so much we don’t know. It doesn’t surprise me. I mean, even just some of the stuff
    2:05:48 around orientation. You watch a female leopard walk five or six kilometers, leave her cub,
    2:05:55 walk five or six kilometers, then hunt in thick terrain, walking circles, moving in an irregular
    2:06:01 way, catching impala, hoisted in a tree, and walk a direct line back to where her cub was,
    2:06:07 which by anyone’s standards would just be an incredible piece of navigation. But
    2:06:11 she doesn’t have a verbal mind or a rational mind, but somehow through all of that
    2:06:16 circuitous movement, she knows where she left the cub in a more instinctual way almost.
    2:06:23 And then you find this in native people too, the capacity for homing, the ability and I’ve
    2:06:28 seen it with trackers who’ve come down, Sam trackers who’ve come down from the Kalahari.
    2:06:31 They’ve come into the Kruger National Park, a terrain they’ve never been in.
    2:06:38 We’ve taken them into the Mopani. Mopani is like an eye-high scrub and we’ve walked for a few hours
    2:06:43 in the Mopani. We have a GPS because we know how easy it is to get lost in there. And then
    2:06:47 afterwards we’ve said to them, “Okay, take us back to the vehicle.” We’ve got the GPS and they walk on
    2:06:53 a B-line directly back to where we left the vehicle. Wow. And it’s just like, what is that?
    2:06:58 Yeah, that’s fascinating. It makes me wonder, and I think this might actually be demonstrated,
    2:07:04 you know, if we have some magnetic homing capability or navigational ability similar
    2:07:09 to hammerhead sharks, there’s footage people can find of marine biologists studying hammerhead
    2:07:13 sharks with a baby hammerhead sharks in a aquarium basically, and they have top-down
    2:07:21 footage of how the movement changes if they rearrange magnets underneath the encasement.
    2:07:26 So many unanswered questions, which is very exciting to me, obviously, because if everything
    2:07:30 were discovered, that would be quite depressing in and of itself. Let’s come back to these
    2:07:38 traumatic events in your early 20s, 18 to 20s. And then what followed after that? How did your
    2:07:45 healing path, and this might seem like a strange way to lead in, but differ from those of your
    2:07:50 mom and sister, right? Because they were also presumably traumatized by the home invasion.
    2:07:54 If you’re open to speaking to it, you could just speak to your own personal experience,
    2:08:03 but I’m curious how different people have approached finding some degree of closure,
    2:08:07 resolution, healing after an experience like that. Well, I think for one thing, there was
    2:08:12 a masculine feminine component to that. They did a lot more post-traumatic counseling at the time,
    2:08:17 and I wasn’t open to that. I thought, you know, the way that I’d grown up, I thought, like,
    2:08:23 I’m just going to get on with it and move forward, which is, you know, a naive approach to say the
    2:08:30 least. And then there was also a challenge that I had where, in the masculine, it was harder just
    2:08:40 to process feelings. What I needed was a path that I felt was taking me somewhere. And so where
    2:08:46 that really took root for me is when I started to understand that if I was willing to look at
    2:08:51 how I’d become frozen, if I was willing to look at how I was anxious and depressed as a result of
    2:08:58 that, and how that kind of shut me out from living, if I was able to start living towards that,
    2:09:06 it actually gave me a kind of map out of trauma. You know, someone trauma healed becomes a kind
    2:09:11 of medicine. And so it was only really when I started to understand that there was value to this
    2:09:15 just beyond myself. And in fact, if I became someone who learned how to be in a transformational
    2:09:20 process and learned how to heal, it was actually taking me towards what I was meant to do in some
    2:09:26 very important way. And somehow that structure of meaning had to take root in me before I was
    2:09:33 really able to dive into healing spaces and be open to that type of work. It was different for
    2:09:38 my mother and sister. They were able to, in a more feminine way, allow that process earlier. For me,
    2:09:44 there had to be a structure of meaning that allowed me to engage in healing and be soft enough and to
    2:09:49 learn to soften and to learn to open and to learn to let myself actually feel what was there and the
    2:09:56 fear that was there and the uncertainty that was there. And also a feeling that I didn’t know what
    2:10:02 I really wanted to do. I had a family legacy in conservation. You know, I had a safari business
    2:10:07 that I could come into, but I didn’t want to just run safaris. I knew there was something else for me
    2:10:10 and I had to go on that journey to find out what that was.
    2:10:16 When you say structure of meaning, could you elaborate on what that means? It might seem
    2:10:22 a little recursive as a question, but how did you find that structure of meaning that you needed to
    2:10:29 move forth with contending with what had happened? What I mean by that is, if you’ve had a traumatic
    2:10:36 encounter in the way that I understand it, it’s like a part of you becomes frozen and almost
    2:10:42 inevitably where there’s been trauma, there is a reduction of options, which means I have less
    2:10:47 choices and that gets laid down. So life starts to become limited and there’s less access to
    2:10:51 different choices. A healthy person could say, “Here’s a way of handling this. Here’s a different
    2:10:55 way of handling it.” A traumatized person has one way of handling it, retreat and isolate,
    2:11:03 for example. And then I was lucky to have Martha and she started to expose me to how a healing
    2:11:09 process works. And then very soon after that, I found ceremony work. Just for context for people
    2:11:14 listening, could you define ceremony work? There are obviously many different ways of being in
    2:11:24 ceremony. You might say that AA is a ceremony space all the way to sweat lodge spaces, all the way to
    2:11:32 gatherings using plant medicines. There’s just an array. I found myself in spaces using plant medicines
    2:11:38 that were very well guided. So the first part of the journey for me was actually acknowledging
    2:11:45 that I was frozen. So there was building awareness around how I’d become frozen and then in ceremony
    2:11:50 watching, drinking the medicine, being with people who were in a healing energetic and then watching
    2:11:59 how that affected my life, getting to know how I was when I was frozen, then making peace with that
    2:12:04 as opposed to thinking there was something wrong with me. That was a big movement, being like,
    2:12:10 this has happened. This is where I’m at. And that’s okay. Then starting to give myself different
    2:12:16 options. So instead of just being isolated and frozen, starting to actually be able to share
    2:12:21 the things that I was ashamed of in some ways, I was ashamed that I hadn’t been able to protect my
    2:12:28 parents, my sister and my mother. And I was ashamed that I had let bad guys in the house. I was the
    2:12:32 man of the house, all these things I was able to start to be able to share these things that I was
    2:12:40 ashamed of. And I was able to talk to how disempowered I had felt and unable to do what I needed
    2:12:44 to do. And so I started to generate awareness out of that. And then I started to realize that
    2:12:50 in sharing that, it actually opened me to deeper connection as opposed to what I thought it would
    2:12:56 do, which would shut me out and shun me. And then I started to, because I was well guided,
    2:13:01 I started to generate a narrative that was supported. And what I mean by that is like the
    2:13:07 guide started to help me generate a narrative of the things that have happened to me can actually
    2:13:13 be fodder for growth and learning. And that became really important. And then it actually became,
    2:13:18 you know, I have some gifts in this. And if I can find those gifts and share them, that’s probably
    2:13:24 the most healing thing I can do. And so I was in that process for a long time. And at a certain
    2:13:29 point in it, I started to realize, in fact, this is taking me to my work. And that’s when I started
    2:13:35 to see the tracker differently. And I started to really understand how a transformational process
    2:13:42 is an intricate unfolding. And as a guide, you can support it as a storyteller, you can support
    2:13:47 it with presence, you can support it by just listening, you can support it by creating spaces
    2:13:52 that people can actually be open in. And you can actually start to know the way certain trauma
    2:13:58 patterns work and help people develop awareness and different outcomes for themselves. And so
    2:14:03 my healing was actually about finding the purpose to help healing come into the world,
    2:14:08 if that makes sense. It does make sense. And I wish at some point, I’ll show you all the
    2:14:13 highlights and underlying sections in your book. And I think I might have shown you
    2:14:18 a photograph of the index that I created just for the highlights at the front of the book.
    2:14:22 But one of the lines, this is on page 122 of the Lion Tracker’s Guide to Life is,
    2:14:26 “In these times, an authentic life infused with meaning is a kind of activism.” Right? And then
    2:14:34 you go on to explain why that’s the case. And I think about this a lot. And you actually had
    2:14:42 another quote way earlier. Let’s see if I can find it from Saint Francis of Assisi. Oh, man,
    2:14:45 I wish I could find this because it ties into it right.
    2:14:50 “Wherever you go, spread the gospel. When absolutely necessary, use words.”
    2:14:57 Exactly. So don’t we always, more people would follow that advice. And then perhaps advice
    2:15:01 we should give ourselves as often or perhaps more often than we give it to anybody else.
    2:15:12 And I think this is critical to highlight in the sense that in this day and age, in these times,
    2:15:20 yelling and screaming on the internet and shaming other people or tearing other people down can
    2:15:30 be mistaken for something constructive or activism. But in reality, a very powerful form of activism
    2:15:35 is being the example that you want to see more of in the world and holding yourself accountable
    2:15:40 in that way, which is not easy. It’s really hard oftentimes to do that. And I know both of us have
    2:15:45 had tremendous struggles of different types, although I think they share a lot of common
    2:15:55 DNA. And a lot of this seems to come down to stress testing beliefs, if that makes sense.
    2:16:01 If a component of yourself along the lines of IFS or internal family systems, if people are
    2:16:05 interested in that, they can certainly look that up. I did an interview with Richard Swartz,
    2:16:10 the founder. But if a component of your personality or psyche is frozen in time
    2:16:16 and compartmentalized, and when you are put in circumstances that activate that part of yourself,
    2:16:21 you get tunnel vision with options. And maybe you have one option or maybe you have two options.
    2:16:29 You can often reduce that down to a belief, a statement of some type. And I’m bringing this up
    2:16:38 because I would love to hear how Byron Cady’s workshops have been helpful or not helpful
    2:16:43 for you, because I know this is something we’ve spoken about. And if they have been helpful,
    2:16:46 what specific worksheets have been helpful for you?
    2:16:51 Can I talk for a moment to the activism thing and then come back to Byron Cady?
    2:16:53 You are allowed, sir. The stage is yours.
    2:16:59 One thing on the activism thing, and I would say it like this, and Tim, you’ve been on a healing
    2:17:09 journey. What I notice is that a person who heals has a natural inclination to want to be of service.
    2:17:13 And especially if you’ve had people who’ve supported you along the way, and that’s not to say
    2:17:19 that I think I know how you should heal, but there’s just this desire as someone who heals to
    2:17:23 support the healing impulse and be there. And you know that there were moments in your own journey
    2:17:28 that were very powerful for you. And it’s almost just like innate when you get in touch with that
    2:17:33 to want to do that for other people and support that. The way that I think about this is if you
    2:17:39 can give yourself a transformational process and you go on a journey to discover, you know,
    2:17:44 I would call it the track of your life, the place where you feel whole, where you feel like you’re
    2:17:49 expressing your essence into the world, the place where you feel just at peace and in tune with
    2:17:54 yourself. And it takes time to get to that. And it seems to me that at a certain point in every
    2:17:59 lifetime, we get asked like, what’s it about? And it seems to me it’s about that coming to that
    2:18:05 place in yourself. But there are some characteristics of people who I see who deeply find that place.
    2:18:12 For one, they become inclined towards simplicity. They don’t want a lot of things. A feeling of
    2:18:19 enough comes into them and both like I am enough and I have enough. And they stop wanting to consume
    2:18:25 more things to feel okay. There’s a natural desire towards service. There seems to be
    2:18:30 this like inclination that takes them to be pulled into nature. There’s a desire to be creative
    2:18:36 and support other people. And that’s what I mean is that inside of every healing journey and when
    2:18:40 someone goes on that journey and finds a deeper place of peace. And it’s of course, it’s a continuous
    2:18:45 journey. But it seems to me that those things take root. And that seems to be very important
    2:18:50 for the restoration movement in a very individual way. We do our own work to heal and come to
    2:18:55 wholeness. But a whole lot of people coming into that state of I have enough. I am enough.
    2:19:00 You know, it just changes the desire to consume endlessly. And I think that’s going to be very
    2:19:05 good for nature. And so I see this like the restoration movement as both restoring our
    2:19:11 relationship to wild places and restoring wild places, but also restoring ourselves coming to
    2:19:16 wholeness and healing so that we come out of the illusion that more stuff is going to make us feel
    2:19:20 okay and realize it’s already there in us. We need to discover that gift and share it. So that’s a
    2:19:29 little talk on how people who discover that just become embodied activists. And then Byron
    2:19:33 Katie’s work, I cannot say enough about it. And I know you’ve had a lot of people on the show who
    2:19:40 have brought her up. But there is nothing more profound than being able to identify thoughts
    2:19:46 that are causing you stress and then have a system to question them. And on a certain point on a
    2:19:50 journey, they become absolutely critical because if you are getting touch with this place inside
    2:19:56 yourself, and it’s curious, and it knows sort of what it wants to do, and you feel drawn to a
    2:20:01 different way of living, inevitably, a number of ideas will come in as to why that’s not possible.
    2:20:08 And so I’ve done, you know, hundreds of worksheets now, and you name it, I’ve done
    2:20:16 absolutely ridiculous ones. And she says like, you know, I’ve done my mother shouldn’t have
    2:20:21 taken my cake away, like literally like that sort of level of stuff, all the way down to
    2:20:29 I’m not safe, or I’m not going to live the life that I want to live. When you sit in it as meditation,
    2:20:36 and you get to know yourself, and that’s where the process changed for me when I would come up
    2:20:39 with a thought like, you know, I’m never going to achieve what I want to achieve.
    2:20:45 When I actually sat, like she says to do in meditation and ask the question,
    2:20:50 who am I when I believe that thought? And I started to watch.
    2:20:59 I feel frustrated. I feel let down. I don’t have confidence in myself.
    2:21:05 I feel like I’m never doing enough. I feel like I need to do more. I say yes to things that I don’t
    2:21:10 really want to do. I’m afraid of missing something. And when I sat in that and got to know myself there,
    2:21:18 and then who would I be without the thought? I would be relaxed. I would be open. I would be
    2:21:26 really feeling for what’s a yes and a no for me. I would be listening. I would be grateful for
    2:21:33 where I already am. I would be thankful for what I have. And so for me, I did the work for a long
    2:21:39 time before realizing it was meditation in which I was getting to know myself as someone who believed
    2:21:43 a thought and someone who didn’t believe the thought. And only when I really understood it
    2:21:49 to be meditation, and I could sit and watch myself like that, did I feel a compassion of getting to
    2:21:54 know myself when I believe a thought and when I don’t believe a thought and how powerful that
    2:22:00 is. And that’s when the work really took for me. And people can find out more about this at thework.com.
    2:22:06 It’s not a panacea, of course, in KDA. She goes by Katie, right? Or people call her Katie, instead
    2:22:15 of Byron, is a very unusual woman, a unique woman. I mean, I’ll give you a Katie story. The first
    2:22:20 time I ever met her, I was sitting at a conference that she was talking at, and I happened to be
    2:22:25 sitting in the second row. She sat down next to me. She looked at me. She put her hand out.
    2:22:31 I took her hand, and we held hands for an hour while other people talked. And then she turned
    2:22:35 and looked at me and she said, “I liked holding your hand.” And then she left for the stage.
    2:22:40 Like that was like my first, and that’s Katie, like totally connected, totally wild, and you
    2:22:45 don’t know what’s going to happen. Right. So I suppose I’m saying this all as a caveat that
    2:22:51 if you watch videos, which I think are worth watching, but you may think, “Who is this alien?
    2:22:59 Get me out of here.” But I would also suggest that it’s worth investigating the worksheets I have
    2:23:06 found tremendously valuable for myself. If a belief is a thought we take to be true,
    2:23:14 having an actual worksheet and structure for stress testing that belief, right? In the way
    2:23:19 that you just described, and then also doing turnarounds where if, for instance, just as one
    2:23:24 example, if your statement is, “I am not safe,” having a statement, “I am safe,” and then being
    2:23:32 forced to come up with examples or evidence that you list out that you are safe. And it is incredibly
    2:23:42 practical and powerful for diffusing the emotional boiling point, the sort of entropy and red line
    2:23:47 emotional state that then puts you into this thought loop where you create this selective
    2:23:51 attention, where you only see evidence for whatever this belief is that you hold. So
    2:23:58 yeah, I highly recommend people check that out. I want to ask you about something that I don’t
    2:24:04 know about, which is true for a lot of this and a lot of the follow-up questions. The sweat lodge
    2:24:10 in Arizona, does this cue anything for you? That was my first medicine encounter. All right.
    2:24:16 Please say more. And so it happened really early on. I had just been through those two traumatic
    2:24:25 encounters, and I was severely unsure of what I was meant to be doing. And I was staying in
    2:24:32 Arizona with Martha, and another woman who was apprenticing with her, who was a horse whisperer
    2:24:40 by the name of Coelle Simpson, she had ties to the Navajo community, and she invited me to attend
    2:24:46 to a sweat. And so I was, you know, I’d never been exposed to that before, so I was really interested.
    2:24:53 And so we went to the sweat and we ended up on a kind of a church ground on the outskirts of Phoenix,
    2:24:57 and it was one of those classic encounters of like, what do they say, like first the enlightenment,
    2:25:02 and then the laundry type thing. It was like, I knew that it was a very big kind of experience I
    2:25:06 was about to have. It was a spiritual encounter. There was a medicine man coming in, but we were
    2:25:12 also in kind of this like abandoned churchyard. And then like, the medicine man arrived and he
    2:25:17 had just like left his job on a Friday afternoon in construction. And so I was like trying to catch
    2:25:21 up a little bit with it. But the minute the ceremony started, I started to feel the energy.
    2:25:28 And we went into the sweat lodge, we drank the medicine. So in this case, just could you describe
    2:25:33 for people like how tall is the sweat lodge? How many people? It’s presumably completely dark. I mean,
    2:25:40 once the door closes. Short, like classic Hogan with blankets over it, you’ve got a crouch to get
    2:25:47 into it. Fire area in the middle where the stones come, huge fire outside where the guys are really
    2:25:53 heating up the rocks. And then over the course of about five hours, the stones just keep coming in
    2:25:58 and the heat just keeps building and people start to sing and we were joined by various other people
    2:26:05 who had come to the ceremony. And it was all native people and myself and Koel and everyone
    2:26:10 started singing and the energy started to build and then more heat and then more singing and then
    2:26:17 drum and then more heat and it just keeps on building and then people started to let go of
    2:26:21 things that they were holding. And so people started to scream and people started to cry and
    2:26:26 the music builds and the singing builds and you can almost feel like the energy is like conjuring
    2:26:30 more and more energy. It’s like building on itself and it’s getting super intense.
    2:26:36 And eventually the heat was getting too hot for me and I could feel like I’d been told like don’t
    2:26:41 leave the sweat lodge but I’m like this is too much. And then the meds and then the singing
    2:26:46 and suddenly I found myself in this kind of slideshow and my eyes were closed to him but I saw
    2:26:54 the gun in my face. I saw my sister tied up. I saw the crocodile just break the surface of the water.
    2:27:00 I saw all of these images and the gun to being taken outside kneeling down being told you’re
    2:27:04 going to be killed the words and we’re going to kill you. We’re going to kill you. It all just
    2:27:11 ran through my mind and with vivid, vivid imagery and then eventually it got to the point where it
    2:27:16 was almost too much and I just started throwing up and as I started throwing up the entire imagery
    2:27:23 changed and suddenly I was in the vision. I was back home in South Africa and I was sitting in
    2:27:30 a clearing in the late afternoon light and walking across the clearing towards me came the mother
    2:27:35 leopard and she walked through the the short grass and she walked directly up to me in the
    2:27:41 vision and she just bumped me as she walked past me and in the instant that she bumped me
    2:27:50 something in me understood that my own healing and the healing of nature and the healing of the
    2:27:56 land was somehow connected and that’s why all I’ve ever done now is try and tell stories from
    2:28:01 this place of nature has so much to teach us if we can attune to it and then I passed out.
    2:28:07 Are you passed out in the sweat? I passed out in the sweat and there was like this vibrational
    2:28:11 quality to it. I know you have some experience with these medicines but it was almost like I could
    2:28:17 feel the humming of the earth and then eventually I came to and I was outside the sweat and I was
    2:28:22 lying in a pile of leaves that someone had raked up earlier in the day but I was like in the leaves
    2:28:27 and I could feel the earth and I could feel like the leaves all around me and I looked up and this
    2:28:33 Navajo medicine man was pouring water up and down my spine and I was disorientated and I said to him
    2:28:39 I think I’m dying I think I’m dying and he kneeled down and he put his mouth right to my ear and he
    2:28:47 said no brother you’re just being born and I was like and it was weird and I said but I don’t
    2:28:52 understand what’s happening and he said you’ll only understand in the next few weeks and he was
    2:28:58 right like it took a long time to integrate that but that was really the beginning of my understanding
    2:29:04 that the restoration of our relationship with the natural world can begin inside each one of us
    2:29:08 as each one of us heals we create an opportunity to create a different relationship with the natural
    2:29:15 world and it’s somehow that imagery spoke to the freezing the trauma that we all go through and the
    2:29:22 opportunity to awaken back to our nature what did you find unfolded stuck didn’t stick for you over
    2:29:30 the subsequent weeks you know that voice stayed with me that whisper you’re just being born because
    2:29:36 I felt newborn and I know that you know you probably know this place and many of your listeners who’ve
    2:29:42 had psychedelic experiences will know there can be the sense of being new and almost baby like
    2:29:50 sensitized again you’re feeling again you feel attuned again you can feel people’s emotions
    2:29:54 and for me it was just that like I was feeling again after that experience and all of the armor
    2:30:00 that I had put on had come off and I was able to slowly start I felt other people’s pain I felt
    2:30:05 other people’s sadness I felt my own and I did feel like brand new inside of that and it wasn’t
    2:30:11 altogether comfortable but at least I felt back in some ways in fact it felt incredibly uncomfortable
    2:30:20 but I knew that it was better than where I was you know recently spending time with a expedition
    2:30:26 guide who’s spent all sorts of time and on Everest and Denali and K2 really fantastic guy and his
    2:30:34 name is Eli and we happen to see the solar eclipse together this is a few weeks ago it’s first time
    2:30:37 I’d ever seen a solar eclipse and I think it was the first time he’d ever seen a solar eclipse and
    2:30:43 I asked him how it was for him and he said you know I went up to some of my friends here at camp
    2:30:49 and I said that I’m like I’m not sure what this is it’s like I’m wetting my pants but it’s in my
    2:30:56 chest I think they might be feelings just warm feeling in my chest I don’t know it’s like I’m
    2:31:02 peeing my pants in my chest they might just be feelings so yes it’s so funny because I had this
    2:31:14 buddy of mine who’s a navy seal and he says to me so I recently met this dog named butters and I
    2:31:18 find myself thinking about butters and he’s a friend of mine’s dog and I go out and I think about
    2:31:22 butters and I’m always worried about butters and I take butters treats and I go over there I always
    2:31:30 want to check on butters and what do you make of that I think that’s called love and he’s like
    2:31:34 yeah I always feel butters right here in my chest I think you’re I think you’re having the experience
    2:31:41 of loving butters and he was like this is outrageous yeah sometimes sometimes we have to
    2:31:49 build the vocabulary learn the ABCs or just like rebuild them reactivate them leopard in the fire
    2:31:54 this is another cue and just for people who are wondering what the hell I’m doing with these cues
    2:32:00 sometimes I will ask people or I’ll ask my research team to give me cues for stories that they think
    2:32:06 will be fun or productive or profound or interesting to explore but I don’t want to
    2:32:11 know them in advance because otherwise conversation is less fun for me so leopard in the fire what
    2:32:18 does leopard in the fire refer to leopard in the fire occurred there’s kind of two parts to the
    2:32:25 story the first is that when I was very young I heard a story around a campfire that like stuck
    2:32:32 inside of me and it was a story about a man by the name of Lawrence Funderpost and Funderpost you
    2:32:36 may have come across some of his work but he was a tremendous poet and an artist and he had one of
    2:32:42 those miraculous lives he was a philosopher really but Funderpost grew up on a farm in South
    2:32:47 Africa he was very connected to the native people he learned to track when he was young and then he
    2:32:52 ended up going to fight in the Second World War and in fact in the Second World War he was eventually
    2:32:58 taken prisoner he was in a prisoner of war camp and the story as I heard it was that he returned
    2:33:04 to South Africa after the war and he really wanted to go and see his family but he felt
    2:33:09 he couldn’t face them after the things that he had seen and that he had done
    2:33:14 and so instead of going to see his family he decided that he would go alone into the Kruger
    2:33:20 National Park very near where I grew up so he packed up his gear and he walked out into the
    2:33:28 reserve and he set up this little camp and this was of course before the days of diagnosis is
    2:33:34 like PTSD and the story goes on the very first night he was sitting at the base of a marula tree
    2:33:40 next to the small waterhole and I can imagine after the war the stillness he must have felt and
    2:33:46 somewhere nearby a hyenas started calling whoo whoo whoo and then a nightjar would have called
    2:33:50 somewhere you know dear lord deliver us and I think of him sitting there in that stillness
    2:33:57 after the war and on the other side of the waterhole a kudu started to come towards the waterhole to
    2:34:04 drink and a kudu is like a large antelope oh this beautiful regal animal and it moves with
    2:34:09 this incredible elegance and the kudu walked to the edge of the waterhole and then with these huge
    2:34:15 ears its ears listened and you can actually see the ears moving like satellite dishes as they listen
    2:34:20 and it scanned the terrain all around and then very slowly it put its lips down and it started to
    2:34:26 drink and just as it started to drink a breeze touched fundipost back and it blew his scent over
    2:34:32 the waterhole and straight into the nostrils of the kudu and it put its head up and it looked
    2:34:40 directly at him and for a moment their eyes met and fundipost said that in that moment in the
    2:34:45 stillness of that gaze he felt a kind of innocence come back into him after all he had seen and all
    2:34:51 he had done in the war and instantly in that moment he knew he was able to go and see his family again
    2:34:56 wow and as a young kid I think I was maybe eight or nine when I was sitting around the fire and I
    2:35:04 first heard the story and I I didn’t even know why but it struck something in me and years later
    2:35:10 after the crocodile Soli and I had been sitting around the fire we’d been talking a lot and I
    2:35:15 was recovering and that the experience of being attacked by the crocodile was profound because
    2:35:20 really it had brought me closer to Soli and I had learned so much about how he saw the world and his
    2:35:26 worldview was starting to come into me a more relational way of relating to nature and to other
    2:35:31 people but still I felt myself incredibly anxious and frozen I literally felt like I had this shake
    2:35:36 in my body and I couldn’t get it out like I would look at my hand and my hand would be shaking I
    2:35:42 would wake up at night I had pretty severe PTSD and into the teeth of this a fire broke out on
    2:35:46 the reserve and I don’t know if you’ve ever been in a big bushfire but the first thing you notice
    2:35:53 about a bushfire is just the I have not is the intensity of the sound it sounds like it hisses
    2:35:59 and crackles up ahead of you the smoke drifts across the sun and it bathes everything in this
    2:36:04 eerie orange light and then insects that are escaping the blaze start flying up and what you
    2:36:09 get is an aura of hawks and eagles hawking insects out the sky you feel the ground start to shake
    2:36:15 if you go out to fight it and you look to your right and out of the smoke comes a rhino and
    2:36:22 it books past you snakes escaping the fire coming past you and in this instant Tim with PTSD I was
    2:36:28 highly activated and we fought that fire for three days and then eventually on the eve of the third
    2:36:34 day the fire had burned through and the crews were still fighting it but I had become isolated
    2:36:39 from them I was about a mile or two away from them and I was in an area that the fire had already
    2:36:44 burned through and night was starting to fall and I could see the crews on the horizon in the distance
    2:36:49 and I could still see the fire was lighting the sky in this big orange blaze and in fact the area
    2:36:54 that I was in the smoke was still hanging on the ground all around me and in the darkness to my
    2:37:02 right I heard a sound like someone cutting a two by four and immediately I knew that there was a
    2:37:08 leopard in the darkness to the right of me and so I turned to look and walking out of the darkness
    2:37:15 into the faint light that the fire was throwing came this male leopard and he was walking directly
    2:37:19 towards me which is extremely one it was strange that he was in an area where there’d been a fire
    2:37:26 and two it was strange that he was walking directly towards me and when I saw him and I looked at him
    2:37:31 and he became aware that I was aware of him no aggression came into his body he didn’t drop his
    2:37:36 head he didn’t tighten his shoulders he just continued to walk towards me and I in fact dropped
    2:37:41 down onto my haunches and part of what I wanted to do is he wasn’t being aggressive so I dropped
    2:37:46 down because I wanted to give myself the space to escalate if he became aggressive I would stand up
    2:37:51 and if he became more aggressive I could put my arms up I was giving myself room to create more
    2:37:57 energy and he continued to move towards me and as I watched him he was walking through the smoke and
    2:38:01 the smoke was almost dancing around him and his eyes were lit by the fire on the horizon
    2:38:08 and his whole coat that beautiful rosette coat was bathed in this beautiful deep orange light
    2:38:15 from the fire and he continued to come towards me and as he walked towards me I felt this very
    2:38:21 ancient primal energy wake up inside of me and then he stopped when he was about 10 yards away
    2:38:24 and he was so close to me that I could hear him breathing
    2:38:35 and what it felt like to me is that in that moment it was as if I could feel his body in my body
    2:38:41 and I could feel my body almost creating a kind of mimesis to his energy and I felt myself becoming
    2:38:49 incredibly alert but incredibly still and there was no thought of the future and there was no
    2:38:55 thought of the past there was just an energy circulating between this incredibly beautiful
    2:39:02 wild elusive dangerous cat and I and then slowly he turned to look at me and then he walked past
    2:39:08 the front of me and in a moment he disappeared into the darkness and as he walked away from me
    2:39:16 and I felt into my own body instead of more anxiety and fear and this shake that I had had
    2:39:22 I felt this myself in this profound state of stillness and I knew in that moment that that
    2:39:28 leopard had helped me understand what happened to funder past and I also knew that I had gone to
    2:39:36 a place in myself that I could never have gone to alone that leopard had almost taken me into
    2:39:42 a state of stillness and if I think about that ubuntu consciousness that relational consciousness
    2:39:47 what soli taught me was that the ubuntu consciousness is activated through action
    2:39:52 and what the leopard taught me in that moment and what I think funder past experienced is that
    2:39:57 the ubuntu consciousness the relational consciousness is also activated when we in a moment let go
    2:40:04 and let someone else take us to a place we couldn’t get to ourselves and or another sentient being
    2:40:10 and I think about that a lot as someone who tends to be quite controlling like there comes a point
    2:40:16 where I want to let go and go somewhere where I just can’t get to with my own control my own sense
    2:40:21 of how it should be my own sense that I know how this should unfold and that leopard just took me
    2:40:28 there in a moment and so all through my life I’ve had glimpses of something and I can’t exactly say
    2:40:35 what it is but I keep living towards it it’s a beautiful story god just the imagery that conjures
    2:40:41 this is really I see it sort of in slow motion almost as if it’s like you know shot on film from
    2:40:48 like a francis for a copula film wow it’s really just a striking a striking story and it makes it
    2:40:54 makes me think of a few things also you mentioned a horse whisperer earlier and for the last few
    2:41:01 years and I’ve been very interested in these natural encounters of course but it’s very
    2:41:07 challenging to manufacture those experiences so I’ve also spent time looking at for instance equine
    2:41:18 therapy and how horses are used in partnership with patients of different types for therapeutic
    2:41:25 purposes and I think it fascinates me as many therapies do that are predominantly nonverbal
    2:41:33 I think that we overweight the verbal perhaps and so I spent time I wish I got to remember the name
    2:41:40 but a number of equine therapy centers one in Texas and oddly but maybe not oddly I also
    2:41:46 learned when I went to a wolf sanctuary and I volunteered there for a period of time
    2:41:52 in Colorado and I should explain it’s mission wolf mission wolf.org I recommend people check it out
    2:41:59 in the middle of nowhere in Colorado and they are you know effectively a
    2:42:06 place of sanctuary for wolves or wolf dogs that cannot be released into the wild right so they’re
    2:42:13 not captive wolves per se they’re wolves or wolf dogs often who were raised in captivity under
    2:42:20 terrible you know atrocious circumstances and then somehow made their way to mission wolf
    2:42:28 there are other examples and there are also you know kind of second generation or third generation
    2:42:34 wolves who are very much wild right like arctic wolves and I mean they’re all effectively gray
    2:42:39 wolves but come from different areas and therefore have different coats and they’re in really large
    2:42:46 enclosures like multi acre enclosures but there are a few who are because of their history prior
    2:42:52 to getting to mission wolf are accustomed or not terrified of human beings like they can be near
    2:42:57 humans because wolves by instinct don’t want to be anywhere close to humans and if they bark it’s
    2:43:02 usually a fear response like a fear bark they’re not like dogs at all in that respect and if they
    2:43:07 bark I mean they’ll they’ll stay as far away from you as possible on the opposite side of an enclosure
    2:43:14 but when groups come through say school groups or visitors and they have a limited capacity for
    2:43:21 visitors which is why I volunteered but when they come in there’s an opportunity in some instances
    2:43:25 to meet the ambassador wolves they’re led into an enclosure and then they let a number of these
    2:43:34 ambassador wolves in and I heard repeatedly stories of these wolves going directly to whoever was most
    2:43:41 internal in a group whoever was most closed off in a group whether that be a child with autism
    2:43:48 or a veteran with PTSD and would go right up to them and look straight into their eyes and I heard
    2:43:56 this story repeatedly from multiple staff members and much like Fenderpost and your experience but
    2:44:04 in this case with a wolf sort of staring directly into the soul of this animal and more importantly
    2:44:10 maybe the animal staring directly into you many of those people reporting that it was the first
    2:44:20 time they really truly felt seen and I just feel like there’s so much beauty and value in that
    2:44:28 it’s something so worthy of exploration and it’s fascinating that it can occur not just from another
    2:44:35 human not just from a prey animal like a kudu but also from a predator it’s very or a leopard for
    2:44:41 that matter I mean so deeply interesting and begets so many questions I just wanted to mention that
    2:44:47 because it was it’s also something you know looked into the eyes of a number of these wolves it’s
    2:44:54 it’s very different like the presence not better or worse but just fundamentally different
    2:45:01 in a wolf as compared to say that that of a dog they are very different very different creatures
    2:45:06 even though the wolf is certainly the progenitor of the dog and I haven’t read it yet but I think
    2:45:10 National Geographic had a cover story at one point called From Wolf to Wolf which is one of the best
    2:45:16 headlines I’ve ever heard in my life but for more for more info on Mission Wolf people can just go
    2:45:23 to missionwolf.org and I think they do some very very interesting work I would love to ask you
    2:45:28 because you brought up the name and I can’t let you go without asking for this story
    2:45:35 so Lawrence Fenderpost that’s the name you mentioned right so he described the lion’s roar
    2:45:41 he said that it it quote it is to silence what the shooting star is to the night sky and quote
    2:45:47 right tremendous it’s this one of a kind yeah yeah you know where I’m going this one of a kind
    2:45:54 this one of a kind experience that cannot be replicated so please take us to at a well-known
    2:45:59 company you were invited to give a presentation and could you tell us the story of how that
    2:46:06 presentation went oh my god from the beauty of Fenderpost’s quote to my ridiculous life as a
    2:46:11 storyteller yes please so this was early on when I first started speaking a lot and and telling
    2:46:18 stories to people and I got this gig at one of these silicone valley companies and normal story
    2:46:24 I got there early and I arrived to meet the tech guy to make sure that we were well set up and
    2:46:28 normal story the tech guy was late he had to have a cigarette break you know like that
    2:46:34 archetypal tech guy yeah who’s like running the AV like it was that guy and so eventually I said
    2:46:38 to him like listen man like I just really want to run through my slides like I want to make sure
    2:46:42 that we’re all good and everything he’s like listen I need to upload the system so that we can stream
    2:46:47 to the whole company I’ll get you in a second but we’re all good I’m like dude I need to like
    2:46:52 get some reps like classic like I want to be well prepared anyway people start filing in people
    2:46:58 start filing in and before I know the auditorium’s full and I haven’t done the run through and I’m
    2:47:06 in my worst nightmare now the intro to my the intro to my talk is is a is a sort of a poetic
    2:47:15 speech and then I say and my story like many good stories in Africa begins with a lion roaring
    2:47:21 and then I press my clicker and on a huge screen behind me there’s an early morning image of a
    2:47:27 male lion and he’s roaring into the morning so actually like mist is coming out of his mouth
    2:47:32 and what’s meant to happen is people are meant to be overwhelmed by this incredible barotone audio
    2:47:43 and it’s meant to put them right in the moment and of course the lion is doing the action of
    2:47:48 roaring which is a bit of a convulsion but there’s no sound so you’re in the middle of the presentation
    2:47:56 you press click and no sound just a convulsing silent lion and it was at this point and it
    2:48:01 dawned on me like slow enough for it to be truly painful that I realized I was about to roar at
    2:48:07 a group of executives and I grabbed the the lapel mic and I held it close to my mouth and then I
    2:48:17 synced up my roar with the lion and the problem with the damn clip is it went on for a long time
    2:48:30 and then when a lion winds down he goes
    2:48:35 and so literally the intro and I was like why won’t this lion stop
    2:48:45 oh my god it was painful it just went on and on anyway I got through the presentation
    2:48:51 and still to this day Tim I’m going to be honest with you if I lie in bed and I think about that
    2:48:56 a wave of shame will travel through me and I’ll have to like curl over on my side and just rock
    2:49:04 myself oh god yeah did you get any pats on the back or any stiff drinks handed to you after that
    2:49:09 one well the thing that saved the whole damn thing is that like eventually when I finished roaring
    2:49:15 one person started clapping and everyone like went for it and so the whole room ended up clapping
    2:49:19 and that like kind of like moved the energy and we were into the presentation I was like thank
    2:49:24 god thank god for Lauren or whoever that was totally thanks Lauren it was like one of those
    2:49:29 moments also where you realized like you can’t half roar at a group of executives like you’ve
    2:49:41 either got to not do it or go all in like let’s go thanks for nothing AV guy oh such a great story
    2:49:48 so I gotta say so first for people listening get a copy of the lion trackers guide to life I rarely
    2:49:55 make an endorsement like that it’s a small book you can read it in one or two nights or afternoons
    2:50:00 and as I mentioned it’s one of the few books that I have an entire shelf dedicated to in my guest
    2:50:04 bedroom it found me at the right time you know so maybe it doesn’t find everyone at the right time
    2:50:10 but for me it really found me at the right time and it’s a book I’ve reread which is also something
    2:50:19 I cannot say for many books and you work with individuals you work with companies I find your
    2:50:27 approach to life and sort of your multi sensory multi modality perspective on life to be not
    2:50:36 just fascinating but very practical you’ve spent a lot of time testing developing inheriting learning
    2:50:43 tools and I think that you know as you mentioned given the trauma that you’ve experienced and the
    2:50:50 challenges that you’ve had to overcome some people and I think you have certainly done this can
    2:50:56 convert that pain and that university of suffering into part of the medicine that you bring to the
    2:51:03 world and I think you do that not just well but very beautifully so first I just want to thank you
    2:51:08 for that thank you Tim I really appreciate you saying that yeah absolutely and I just wanted to
    2:51:12 know if there’s anything I want to leave a couple of stories I still have a couple of notes which I
    2:51:18 don’t know the context behind but I want to save a couple in case we do a round two although I know
    2:51:24 you have no shortages I might ask you about was it your uncle in the boat with the outboard I can’t
    2:51:30 remember who it was but that’ll have to be saved for another time they’re all in there but some of
    2:51:34 them only get pulled out with a bit of you know scotch and a campfire all right well round two might
    2:51:44 be with scotch and a campfire but is there anything you would like to say any last closing comments
    2:51:49 for the audience request recommendation anything at all anything else something you’d like to point
    2:51:54 their attention to anything at all that you’d like to to share before we wind to a close this
    2:51:59 time around well first of all just thanks for having me and you know it’s privileged to support
    2:52:03 a show that has had such an impact on so many people and be a part of it so I’m just really
    2:52:09 grateful to you and been fun getting to know you I would say a few things I would say one is I would
    2:52:15 invite people to come on safaris in Africa it’s a very unique encounter with a landscape that is
    2:52:22 still wild and when people come and have safaris at a place like londelosie or wherever they go it
    2:52:28 has a profound impact on allowing us to protect these areas and on the local people and so you
    2:52:32 know we’ve always been I’ve always been a proponent of the economy of wildlife we keep these areas
    2:52:36 wild we invite people to come and experience them and that has a huge impact so if you’re thinking
    2:52:41 about a holiday come on a safari if you’re thinking about a safari come it’s it’s a once in a lifetime
    2:52:46 experience I would say that if you are interested in tracking you can support the tracker academy
    2:52:55 trackeracademy.co.za they do amazing work supporting young people from difficult backgrounds
    2:53:00 teaching them to become trackers they have a nearly 90 placement rate into the tourism industry so
    2:53:05 they do amazing work those would be the two things that I would offer to people where can
    2:53:09 people learn more about the safari side if they wanted to learn more about that you can get a
    2:53:18 hold of us at londelosie.com you can also get a hold of me at boidvati.com my team will point you
    2:53:27 in the right direction and tracker academy yes is trackeracademy.co.za.za for my fellow Americans
    2:53:35 out there I like the Zed it sounds more dignified it’s nice to see you boid I’m glad we did this
    2:53:40 with with a bit of video as well for people who want to see it on YouTube they can just search for
    2:53:46 Tim Ferriss on YouTube and it’ll pop right up but I know we are many time zones away at the moment
    2:53:52 that won’t be true in the not too distant future so I’m looking forward to spending some time in
    2:53:58 person me too man I’m looking forward to getting you out so we go track a rhino I’m like I’m excited
    2:54:06 to track a rhino and I’m excited not to have any legs eaten by crocs and I’m very much looking
    2:54:11 forward to finally getting feet on the ground at londelosie and getting to meet some of these
    2:54:17 characters that I have only read about and heard about at this point both human and animal alike
    2:54:21 so thanks for taking the time today man I really appreciate it yeah thank you Tim thanks for having
    2:54:25 me enjoyed it even more than I expected to and I expected to enjoy it a hell of a lot
    2:54:31 so to everybody listening you’ll find show notes to everything that we discussed at tim.blog/podcasting
    2:54:36 just search boid boid and it’ll pop right up you can find them online at boidvardi.com we’ll
    2:54:43 link to londelosie trackeracademy.co.za and everything else in the show notes as well as
    2:54:49 boid on twitter @boidvardi and all the rest his books the line trackers guide to life and his
    2:54:56 memoir cathedral of the wild can both be found everywhere books are sold and until next time
    2:55:03 experiment often be safe be kinder than is necessary even just a little bit and see if
    2:55:09 you can get out in nature it will be good medicine for the soul and thanks for tuning in
    2:55:16 hey guys this is Tim again just one more thing before you take off and that is five bullet
    2:55:21 friday would you enjoy getting a short email from me every friday that provides a little fun
    2:55:26 before the weekend between one and a half and two million people subscribe to my free newsletter
    2:55:31 my super short newsletter called five bullet friday easy to sign up easy to cancel it is
    2:55:37 basically a half page that i send out every friday to share the coolest things i’ve found
    2:55:41 or discovered or have started exploring over that week it’s kind of like my diary of cool
    2:55:47 things it often includes articles i’m reading books i’m reading albums perhaps gadgets gizmos
    2:55:53 all sorts of tech tricks and so on they get sent to me by my friends including a lot of podcast
    2:55:59 guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field and then i test them and then
    2:56:05 i share them with you so if that sounds fun again it’s very short a little tiny bite of
    2:56:10 goodness before you head off for the weekend something to think about if you’d like to try it out
    2:56:16 just go to tim.blog/friday type that into your browser tim.blog/friday drop in your email and
    2:56:23 you’ll get the very next one thanks for listening this episode is brought to you by AG1 the daily
    2:56:29 foundational nutritional supplement that supports whole body health i view AG1 as comprehensive
    2:56:36 nutritional insurance and that is nothing new i actually recommended AG1 in my 2010 best seller
    2:56:42 more than a decade ago the four-hour body and i did not get paid to do so i simply love the product
    2:56:48 and felt like it was the ultimate nutritionally dense supplement that you could use conveniently
    2:56:54 while on run which is for me a lot of the time i have been using it a very very long time indeed
    2:56:59 and i do get asked a lot what i would take if i could only take one supplement and the true
    2:57:04 answer is invariably AG1 it simply covers a ton of bases i usually drink it in the mornings
    2:57:10 and frequently take their travel packs with me on the road so what is AG1 what is this stuff AG1
    2:57:15 is a science-driven formulation of vitamins probiotics and whole food source nutrients
    2:57:22 in a single scoop AG1 gives you support for the brain gut and immune system since 2010 they have
    2:57:28 improved the formula 52 times in pursuit of making the best foundational nutrition supplement possible
    2:57:35 using rigorous standards and high quality ingredients how many ingredients 75 and you
    2:57:40 would be hard-pressed to find a more nutrient dense formula on the market it has a multi-vitamin
    2:57:45 multi-mineral superfood complex probiotics and prebiotics for gut health an antioxidant immune
    2:57:52 support formula digestive enzymes and adaptogens to help manage stress now i do my best always to
    2:57:58 eat nutrient dense meals that is the basic basic basic requirement right that is why things are
    2:58:04 called supplements of course that’s what i focus on but it is not always possible it is not always
    2:58:11 easy so part of my routine is using AG1 daily if i’m on the road on the run it just makes it easy
    2:58:16 to get a lot of nutrients at once and to sleep easy knowing that i am checking a lot of important
    2:58:23 boxes so each morning AG1 that’s just like brushing my teeth part of the routine it’s also NSF
    2:58:29 certified for sports so professional athletes trust it to be safe and each pouch of AG1 contains
    2:58:34 exactly what is on the label does not contain harmful levels of microbes or heavy metals
    2:58:40 and is free of 280 band substances it’s the ultimate nutritional supplement in one easy scoop
    2:58:46 so take ownership of your health and try AG1 today you will get a free one-year supply of vitamin
    2:58:52 D and five free AG1 travel packs with your first subscription purchase so learn more check it out
    2:59:05 go to drinkag1.com/tim that’s drinkag1 the number one drinkag1.com/tim last time drinkag1.com/tim
    2:59:12 check it out this episode is brought to you by 8 Sleep i have been using 8 Sleep pod cover for
    2:59:17 years now why well by simply adding it to your existing mattress on top like fitted sheet you
    2:59:23 can automatically cool down or warm up each side of your bed 8 Sleep recently launched their newest
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    3:00:13 the pod 4 ultra you can leave your wearables on the nightstand you won’t need them because these
    3:00:18 types of metrics are integrated into the pod 4 ultra itself they have imperceptible sensors which
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    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #573 “Margaret Atwood — A Living Legend on Creative Process, The Handmaid’s Tale, Being a Mercenary Child, Resisting Labels, the Poet Rug Exchange, Liminal Beings, Burning Questions, Practical Utopias, and More” and #571 “Boyd Varty — The Lion Tracker’s Guide to Life.”

    Please enjoy!

    Sponsors:

    Wealthfront high-yield cash account: https://Wealthfront.com/Tim (Start earning 5.00% APY on your short-term cash until you’re ready to invest. And when you open an account today, you can get an extra fifty-dollar bonus with a deposit of five hundred dollars or more.) Terms apply.

    AG1 all-in-one nutritional supplement: https://drinkag1.com/tim (1-year supply of Vitamin D (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase.)

    Eight Sleep’s Pod 4 Ultra sleeping solution for dynamic cooling and heating: https://eightsleep.com/tim (save $350 on the Pod 4 Ultra)

    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [05:11] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [06:14] Enter Margaret Atwood.

    [06:48] What drives Margaret’s ability to craft engaging speculative fiction?

    [10:52] The downsides of raising a family isolated in the woods.

    [15:44] Factors that nudged young Margaret toward poetry.

    [21:54] How limited options led Margaret to her current vocation.

    [24:07] How long it took for writing to pay off, and its benefits in the meantime.

    [30:34] Life lessons learned by teaching.

    [34:18] Enter Boyd Varty.

    [34:42] Setting the scene.

    [37:00] Origins of Londolozi Game Reserve and Boyd’s childhood influences.

    [39:17] Why Boyd’s family kept the seemingly useless property.

    [41:23] Boyd’s experiences with The White Knuckle Charter Company.

    [50:00] Transforming scrubland into a safari business with help from Ken Tinley and Shangaan trackers.

    [56:04] Shangaan trackers’ lineage and wildlife trust in Londolozi’s caretakers.

    [59:46] Renias Mhlongo’s supreme tracking skills and work ethic.

    [1:05:18] Hardest animals to track at Londolozi.

    [1:08:30] Safety measures in Londolozi’s unpredictable environment.

    [1:10:21] “I don’t know where we’re going, but I know exactly how to get there.” —Renias Mhlongo

    [1:12:26] Boyd’s tracking evolution: from childhood to trauma recovery.

    [1:30:30] Definition of Ubuntu.

    [1:32:40] Boyd’s 40-day tree-dwelling experience.

    [1:45:47] Bees, birds, and hive algorithms.

    [1:57:07] Interacting with lions in the wild.

    [2:01:41] Death conversations, ancient myths, and inexplicable animal movements.

    [2:07:30] Comparing trauma recovery paths within Boyd’s family.

    [2:11:08] Ceremony work for trauma healing.

    [2:14:06] An authentic life as activism.

    [2:19:27] The impact of Byron Katie’s Work on Boyd and me.

    [2:23:55] Boyd’s first sweat lodge experience in Arizona.

    [2:29:18] Feelings. Nothing more than feelings.

    [2:31:48] What a close encounter with a beautiful predator taught Boyd about Ubuntu.

    [2:40:53] The therapeutic value of spending time with animals.

    [2:45:22] Contrasting lion roar descriptions: van der Post vs. Boyd.

    [2:49:40] Invitation to Londolozi and parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

    For deals from sponsors of The Tim Ferriss Showplease visit tim.blog/podcast-sponsors

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #762: Coach George Raveling and Claire Hughes Johnson

    AI transcript
    0:00:05 This episode is brought to you by AG1, the daily foundational nutritional supplement that supports
    0:00:11 whole body health. I view AG1 as comprehensive nutritional insurance and that is nothing new.
    0:00:18 I actually recommended AG1 in my 2010 best seller more than a decade ago, the 4-hour body,
    0:00:24 and I did not get paid to do so. I simply loved the product and felt like it was the ultimate
    0:00:29 nutritionally dense supplement that you could use conveniently while on the run, which is,
    0:00:34 for me, a lot of the time. I have been using it a very, very long time indeed, and I do get asked
    0:00:40 a lot what I would take if I could only take one supplement, and the true answer is invariably AG1.
    0:00:45 It simply covers a ton of bases. I usually drink it in the mornings and frequently take their travel
    0:00:52 packs with me on the road. So what is AG1? What is this stuff? AG1 is a science-driven formulation
    0:00:57 of vitamins, probiotics, and whole food-sourced nutrients. In a single scoop, AG1 gives you
    0:01:04 support for the brain, gut, and immune system. Since 2010, they have improved the formula 52 times
    0:01:09 in pursuit of making the best foundational nutrition supplement possible using rigorous
    0:01:15 standards and high-quality ingredients. How many ingredients? 75. And you would be hard-pressed
    0:01:20 to find a more nutrient-dense formula on the market. It has a multivitamin, multi-mineral
    0:01:26 superfood complex, probiotics and prebiotics for gut health, and antioxidant immune support formula
    0:01:32 digestive enzymes and adaptogens to help manage stress. Now, I do my best, always, to eat nutrient
    0:01:39 dense meals. That is the basic, basic, basic requirement. That is why things are called supplements.
    0:01:44 Of course, that’s what I focus on, but it is not always possible. It is not always easy,
    0:01:51 so part of my routine is using AG1 daily. If I’m on the road, on the run, it just makes it easy to
    0:01:56 get a lot of nutrients at once and to sleep easy knowing that I am checking a lot of important
    0:02:02 boxes. So, each morning, AG1. That’s just like brushing my teeth, part of the routine. It’s also
    0:02:08 NSF-certified for sports, so professional athletes trust it to be safe. And each pouch of AG1 contains
    0:02:14 exactly what is on the label, does not contain harmful levels of microbes or heavy metals,
    0:02:20 and is free of 280-band substances. It’s the ultimate nutritional supplement in one easy scoop.
    0:02:25 So, take ownership of your health and try AG1 today. You will get a free one-year supply of
    0:02:31 vitamin D and five free AG1 travel packs with your first subscription purchase. So, learn more,
    0:02:41 check it out. Go to drinkag1.com/tim. That’s drinkag1, the number one. Drinkag1.com/tim.
    0:02:46 Last time, drinkag1.com/tim. Check it out.
    0:02:54 This episode is brought to you by Shopify. Shopify is the all-in-one commerce platform that powers
    0:02:59 millions of businesses worldwide, including me, including mine. What business you might ask?
    0:03:05 Well, one way I’ve scratched my own itch is by creating Cockpunch Coffee. It’s a long story.
    0:03:10 All proceeds on my end go to my foundation, SciSafe Foundation, Fund Research for Mental
    0:03:14 Health, etc. Anyway, Cockpunch Coffee, it’s delicious. The first coffee I’ve ever produced
    0:03:19 myself, I drink it every morning. Check it out. We use Shopify for the online storefront and my
    0:03:24 team raves about how simple and easy it is to use. It has everything we need and nothing we don’t.
    0:03:29 Whether you’re a garage entrepreneur or getting ready for your IPO, Shopify is the only tool
    0:03:34 you need to start, run, and grow your business without the struggle. Shopify puts you in control
    0:03:38 of every sales channel. Doesn’t matter if you’re selling satin sheets from Shopify’s
    0:03:44 in-person POS system or offering organic olive oil on Shopify’s all-in-one e-commerce platform.
    0:03:48 However you interact with your customers, you’re covered. And once you’ve reached your audience,
    0:03:53 Shopify has the internet’s best converting checkout to help you turn browsers into buyers.
    0:03:59 Shopify powers 10% of all e-commerce in the United States. And Shopify is truly a global
    0:04:04 force as the e-commerce solution behind Allbirds, Rothes, Brooklyn, and millions of other entrepreneurs
    0:04:10 of every size across more than 170 countries. Plus, Shopify’s award-winning help is there to support
    0:04:16 your success every step of the way if you have questions. This is Possibility Powered by Shopify.
    0:04:22 So check it out. Sign up for a $1 per month trial period at Shopify. That’s S-H-O-P-I-F-Y.
    0:04:29 Shopify.com/Tim. Go to Shopify.com/Tim to take your business to the next level today.
    0:04:33 One more time, all lowercase Shopify.com/Tim.
    0:05:02 Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferriss. Welcome to another episode
    0:05:06 of The Tim Ferriss Show, where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every
    0:05:11 field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply
    0:05:17 and test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently
    0:05:24 hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and past one billion downloads.
    0:05:29 To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best, some of my favorites
    0:05:34 from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited to give you these
    0:05:39 super combo episodes. And internally, we’ve been calling these the super combo episodes
    0:05:44 because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household names, the super famous folks,
    0:05:51 but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider stars. These are people who have
    0:05:56 transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many of you. Perhaps they got
    0:06:01 lost in a busy news cycle. Perhaps you missed an episode. Just trust me on this one. We went to
    0:06:08 great pains to put these pairings together. And for the bios of all guests, you can find
    0:06:15 that and more at tim.log/combo. And now, without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening.
    0:06:23 First up, Coach George Ravelling, the first African-American head basketball coach in the
    0:06:29 Pac-8, Nike’s former director of international basketball, inductee of the Naismith Memorial
    0:06:35 Basketball Hall of Fame and the National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame, and the custodian of
    0:06:43 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s original typewritten “I Have a Dream” speech. You can find Coach Ravelling
    0:06:50 on Twitter @GeorgeRavelling. I had read, and please feel free to correct this,
    0:06:54 that you’ve said the most important conversation is the one you have with yourself.
    0:07:01 Yeah. So, could you elaborate on that, please? Because I think that self-talk is,
    0:07:05 and I’m not sure that’s what you’re referring to, but it’s so, so terribly important.
    0:07:11 So, I’d love to hear you just elaborate on that. The older I’ve gotten, the more I’ve come to the
    0:07:18 conclusion that the conversation that you have every day with yourself as you characterize
    0:07:25 its self-talk is so vital. It’s far more important than the conversations you have with those around
    0:07:31 you. And the best part about the conversation with yourself is you’re in total control of that
    0:07:39 conversation. You can craft the conversation any way you want to. And so, I try to have at least
    0:07:46 90% of the conversations that I have with myself, which I have two or three times a day,
    0:07:55 that it’s positive self-talk. If I start to linger on to something negative, then what I’ll do is
    0:08:00 I’ll immediately deal with it and discount it. For example, since I’m Catholic, I’ll make this
    0:08:07 confession. So, this morning when I got up, your reputation is so impeccable. I got up at five,
    0:08:12 I’m really nervous. I’m thinking to myself, “God, what if I do a bad job? I’ll be so embarrassed.”
    0:08:18 And so, the minute I started thinking that, I said, “Nope, that’s not it. Get fired up, man.
    0:08:22 You’re going to do it. I’m in the bathroom. I’m doing this motivational talk for myself
    0:08:28 to eradicate any doubt that I have.” And then I keep saying to myself, “You got to go in there.
    0:08:32 You got to give me a best shot. You can do it.” So, I’m getting myself fired up for it.
    0:08:33 And this is out loud.
    0:08:41 Yeah, because I really spend as much time as I probably, at least, well, I wouldn’t say probably,
    0:08:48 once a day, I’ll find an hour to just go someplace and sit by myself. And all I’ll do is take a
    0:08:53 notebook and just put it in the pen in front of me and I’ll just sit there and think. Whatever
    0:09:00 comes into my mind, then I start to fixate on those things. And I’ll write down notes as a result
    0:09:06 of something that I think or I’ll write out a strategy. For example, the way I govern my day,
    0:09:14 Tim, is I get up in the morning and I put my two feet beside the bed and I say to myself,
    0:09:19 “Okay, George, you only have two choices today. These are the only two choices that you have
    0:09:25 and you got to make one.” And the two choices are to be happy or to be very happy. And there’s no
    0:09:32 other choice. And so, then I start to plan out my day. And so, I have these points of focus.
    0:09:38 Energy management, time management, environmental management, productivity. And to me,
    0:09:45 productivity is a byproduct of the other three. So, how do I manage my energy every day so that
    0:09:51 I can be at maximum efficiency? So, one of the things I try to do is declutter my mind. I won’t
    0:09:58 do any more than four things a day. And it reverts back to something one of the presidents at Nike,
    0:10:02 Charlie Denson said one time in a leadership meeting, he said, “Let me ask you guys this.
    0:10:09 Will we be better off doing 25 things good or will we be better off doing six things great?”
    0:10:18 And so, to me, to simplify my day, I will not do more than four things. I try to limit the meetings
    0:10:24 to two. And if it’s two, one of them is usually a breakfast meeting. When I go into the office,
    0:10:31 I have a total commitment. Once I get into the office to be totally focused on business matters,
    0:10:38 try to be as disciplined as I can not to get on the telephone. And also, to meet with the two
    0:10:45 people that work with me, we meet every single day and we talk as a team because I want us to
    0:10:52 function as a team. I want each person’s opinion to be valued. If one person happens to be 50 years
    0:10:59 younger than me, so what? Their opinion is valuable to me. I respect everyone’s knowledge and I think
    0:11:05 to myself, they know something that I don’t know. And so, I want to value their opinion. So,
    0:11:13 we meet every day as a staff. We talk about things and it helps me grow and it keeps my day
    0:11:18 simplified. I try to, once a week, have a personal audit. I go back through the week and I audit my
    0:11:25 week and make course corrections along the way. So, that’s when I really get into the self-talk
    0:11:31 part is having these little mental audits that my life’s just not going on and on and on. I try
    0:11:37 to evaluate am I making progress? What am I doing that’s good? What am I doing that’s not working?
    0:11:43 And then make those course corrections. And at 80 years old, I try to hold myself to the most
    0:11:51 severe standards and I just despise the idea of retirement. I think that it’s the biggest force
    0:11:56 that’s ever been predicated on us is this idea of retirement because the first thing that happens,
    0:12:02 you retire physically and then you retire mentally and then you’re just taking up residence in
    0:12:09 society. And I don’t ever want to be a resident of society. I want to be a contributor to society.
    0:12:16 When I was doing homework, I read somewhere that you have a collection of racist mementos
    0:12:21 in your house. Wow, you did do some research. Could you, beyond that, I don’t know the details,
    0:12:24 but that just stuck in my mind because that’s something I think that a lot of people would
    0:12:30 actively avoid. So, why do you have this collection? No one’s ever asked me that question, but I spent,
    0:12:36 I probably have over a hundred thousand dollars worth of black collectibles for about eight or
    0:12:42 nine years that it became an obsession with me. And so, I would go to antique shows and go to
    0:12:49 stores and hunt down all black memorabilia. I have things that date back before I actually have a
    0:12:56 first edition of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. So, I started to collect books, figurines, and postcards. Postcards,
    0:13:03 I started with figurines. And so, a friend of mine told me about an antique store that was closing
    0:13:09 and the gentleman had a huge collection of black collectibles. And so, it was in San Pedro. So,
    0:13:15 I went down and I paid him $35,000 for the collectibles. He had, I wore a hundred pieces.
    0:13:20 And part of the deal was that he had to mark them and write a little card so I would understand
    0:13:27 the historic significance of them. Postcards, Tim, I have them back before you had,
    0:13:32 this might surprise you, originally you didn’t have to put a stamp on a postcard to send it
    0:13:40 out to mail. So, I have them back in the earliest one I have is 1891. Wow. But what was interesting
    0:13:47 about the black postcards was they always made blacks. They pictured them in a derogatory term.
    0:13:54 One of the more frequent ones you see is a black person eating watermelon with a smile on his face.
    0:14:01 But they were all derogatory. Now, here’s what’s further interesting. We’ve now, you put stamps
    0:14:07 on them. I was able to read the messages on some of them. And so, the one that I remember the most
    0:14:12 is a lady’s writing to one of her girlfriends and we’ll just make up the name. She says,
    0:14:19 Helen, we have a nigger that works at our house that smiles just like him. And so, in those days,
    0:14:26 to use the word nigger was commonplace. And I don’t know if you ever learned to accept it,
    0:14:32 but it was something that was said commonplace. So, I started to build this historic collection
    0:14:39 of memorabilia so that I could have a legacy for my children and their children.
    0:14:46 And I have them on display at my home to remind me of where we were and where we are today
    0:14:50 and the trials and tribulations that we’ve gone through.
    0:14:53 Do you collect anything else or have you collected anything else?
    0:15:02 Books and friends. In my library at home, I have well over 2,500 books and probably I have another
    0:15:11 six or 700 that are in storage because it just ran out of space. But I just continue to buy books
    0:15:18 to read them. I have, as you probably researched, I have an unusual way of going about reading books.
    0:15:25 And friends, I don’t have a strategy or anything for friends that most times people,
    0:15:30 when I meet them, are not who they ended up being, whether it was Phil Knight, Bob Knight,
    0:15:34 John Thompson, Sonny McGregor. I could tell you, tons of people, when I met them,
    0:15:40 they were not who they ended up being. But for some reason, we were able to build an
    0:15:48 authentic and sustainable relationship. And I’ve always looked upon relationships as a privilege.
    0:15:55 And at the end of the day, at the core of all relationships, in my mind, is trust and respect.
    0:16:00 And so both of those have to be earned. And so over the years, I’ve met people and
    0:16:08 unintentionally, we’ve stayed in touch and there’s been this level of trust that’s allowed the
    0:16:13 relationship to endure. But it’s something that’s a lot like marriage. You have to work at it.
    0:16:20 You have to understand that there’s a balance in relationships. And with me, the number one
    0:16:29 thing that I ask myself continually is, what can I do for you? And your good friend Ryan
    0:16:34 Holiday and I had dinner last night. And one of the very last things I said to him, I said,
    0:16:39 Ryan, is there anything I can be doing for you in the next 30 days? I’ve always had this theory
    0:16:45 that if you help enough people get what they want, you’ll always get what you want. So I’ve
    0:16:51 never tried to enter a relationship based on selfish motives that if I know this person,
    0:16:57 I’m going to get these benefits. So I try to find out what do we have in common as people?
    0:17:03 What is it that we can share? How can I help this person? No matter how famous they are,
    0:17:10 how successfully are, everyone has certain needs, even if they’re just psychological needs or
    0:17:16 we all need truth tellers in our life. And so in building relationships, I try to make sure that
    0:17:23 I surround myself with people who want to see me become better and can help me become better,
    0:17:28 that I can learn from them and that I can contribute to their lives. And so most of the
    0:17:34 friendships I have in life, they all started by mistake. You’re one of the young men that’s
    0:17:42 here today that has taught me almost all I know about technology. I spoke at a clinic in Orlando,
    0:17:47 a friend of mine, Kevin Eastman, was running the clinic. And I said to him, I said, who’s going
    0:17:53 to put my presentation up on the screen in that? Do you have an IT guy? And he said, yes. And so I
    0:17:57 said, well, introduce him to me because I want to put my presentation up. I want to walk to the back
    0:18:04 of the room and make sure it’s clear and so forth. So I met Alex Savosier. And during the time I was
    0:18:09 there, we just hit it off. And so when he, I’m pretty sure he was taking me back to the airport.
    0:18:15 And I asked him if he would be interested in doing a website for me. And he said, yes. And so that’s
    0:18:22 how it started. And it’s turned into a lifelong friendship. And I think that was the start of
    0:18:31 me recognizing that I needed to be around more young people. And so I don’t associate, and maybe
    0:18:36 it’s bad to say this, but I don’t hang out with many people my own age. Most of the people that I
    0:18:42 associate with are younger people because I think they’re the future. They’re smart. They’re naive
    0:18:47 enough that they’ll tell you the truth. And they’re not afraid to tell you if they think you’re wrong.
    0:18:54 And when I hang around people my own age, it tends to always revert back to the past. And I don’t
    0:18:59 want to talk about coaching that Washington state of being the first black, this or the first black,
    0:19:06 that. What I want to do is figure out at 80 years old, what is it that I don’t know but need to know
    0:19:12 and how is this going to help me stay relevant in this ever-changing world? And so I’ve tend to
    0:19:20 spend most of my time with younger people who inspire me, who I can have a partnership with.
    0:19:26 That’s the other thing about relationships. I think relationships at their most authentic stage,
    0:19:32 it’s a partnership. We share common vision, common goals, common objectives, common strategy,
    0:19:40 common execution plan. It’s a we mentality. It’s not a me mentality. And it’s a win-win mentality.
    0:19:47 It’s not I win, you lose or you lose, I win. It’s not about that. We were in this thing together
    0:19:51 and we’re in the boat together. We’re going to row in the same direction and we’re going to get
    0:19:58 the boat ashore. You mentioned books. I want to make sure we give reading at least a few minutes
    0:20:06 because you are known as a voracious reader, the human Google, one nickname. And you’ve read,
    0:20:13 probably, I’m sure, thousands of books at this point. You were very kind when we first got here,
    0:20:17 we’re recording this right now. You said, “I learned from the wise men.” It’s always
    0:20:20 a good thing to bear gifts or something along those lines. And you gave me several books.
    0:20:25 You’ve also gifted many, many different books. How did this love affair with books start? And
    0:20:30 could you tell us about how you read books? Because as you alluded to earlier, you have a
    0:20:36 particular way of reading books. As I look back on it now, Tim, and with a point of reference to
    0:20:42 so many times as we speak, it’s always going to be my grandma. Well, my grandma told me one time
    0:20:47 when she’d be in the kitchen cooking, she’d tell me stories. And one time my grandma told me,
    0:20:52 she said, “George, you know, back in the days of slavery, the plantation owners used to put their
    0:20:58 money in books and hide them up on the bookshelves because the banking system wasn’t as sophisticated
    0:21:04 as it is today.” And so I said, “Grandma, why did they do that?” And she said, “Because they didn’t
    0:21:09 have to worry about the slaves stealing the money because the slaves would never take the books off
    0:21:18 the shelf because they couldn’t read.” And so from that, I began to understand that as long as someone
    0:21:26 can control your mind, they can control who you are in your body. And so I decided that I was never
    0:21:34 going to allow myself to be in a position where someone can control my mind and control my body
    0:21:41 because of my lack of information and knowledge. And so I decided that I was going to try to read
    0:21:49 and learn as much as I possibly could on a continual basis because I believe that people will have a
    0:21:57 greater respect for you if they respect you intellectually. And I’ve often felt in life,
    0:22:05 if I had the choice between Tim liking me or Tim respecting me, I’d far more hope that you respect
    0:22:11 me than like me. And I figured the byproduct of you respecting me will be that you’ll learn
    0:22:17 to like me. So I don’t work at trying to get people to like me. So I’ve been on this mission
    0:22:25 for a reading for years and years and years, and it’s become an obsession now with me. I don’t go
    0:22:31 anywhere without a book and a notebook. If I go to a doctor’s office, I take a book with me. If I’m
    0:22:37 in, I have a new system now. If I go to a bookstore and I’m in Barnes & Noble and the line has got
    0:22:43 eight or nine people and rather than stand there for 10 minutes waiting, I’ll start reading the book
    0:22:50 right there in line and start underlining things. So I have all these quirks that I’ve acquired over
    0:22:56 the years with reading books. First of all, I divide the book into messages. I don’t spend any time
    0:23:02 now trying to read a whole book because there’s probably in most books, there’s probably maybe
    0:23:09 eight to 10 chapters that are really powerful and influential. And the others I skim through. So I
    0:23:14 never start a book from the front and go to the back. I just, I’ll open the index and I’ll find
    0:23:20 what I believe is an interesting chapter and I start there. And that’s actually how I purchase
    0:23:25 a book. When I’m in the bookstore, I have this routine that I go through that. And if it passes,
    0:23:30 I buy the book. And if it doesn’t, I don’t buy the book. What’s your routine? So if I, let’s say,
    0:23:37 I’m going to envision this one. So our office is in El Segundo, which is outside of Los Angeles.
    0:23:42 And so I go to Barnes & Noble there. One thing I found out that because there’s so many corporate
    0:23:50 offices within a two mile radius that they tend to house really excellent business books. So I’ll
    0:23:55 go in and as soon as I go in, I look at the books that are on reduction sale to see if there’s
    0:24:01 something there that might be a good buy. Then I go to the new releases, nonfiction. By the way,
    0:24:06 I go to a bookstore four to five days out of the week. I’m constantly going in and I just call it
    0:24:12 search and discovery. So I’ll go to the new releases in a nonfiction and I’ll look through the books.
    0:24:17 There’s usually 20 books on the table. I’d say eight out of 10 times. I’m going to find a book
    0:24:24 that I had never heard of before. And so I’ll pick the book up. I go to the back. I read about the
    0:24:29 author and I go to the front part and I read the promos down the side. And then the next thing I do
    0:24:36 is I go to the chapters and I’ll find a chapter and I’ll open it up and I’ll see the writer’s
    0:24:43 style. I look at the style. Is this someone that’s a book filled with a lot of statistics or stories?
    0:24:50 Because I know what I’m looking for. The books that have had the most impact are the ones that
    0:24:56 make me change the way I think or act or behave. Those are the books that ultimately end up being
    0:25:02 the best for me. So I’ll go through the book and then once I find this one chapter, I start to read
    0:25:08 some of it and I can tell if this is going to be me or not. And at that point, I’ll purchase the
    0:25:14 book. But I just don’t go in and buy a book based on the top 10. Not that there’s anything wrong
    0:25:21 with that. It’s just that I’ve had better success. So now here at 80 years old, two of my favorite
    0:25:27 authors are Ryan Holiday and Walter Isison. They’ve both taken me on interesting intellectual
    0:25:35 journeys. The first book I read by Walter Isison was Steve Jobs. And I was so blown away. I had
    0:25:40 underlined about three quarters of the book. I was quoting and writing down quotes. And as you
    0:25:45 know, the Steve Jobs book couldn’t be anything you want it to be. It can be a thesis on leadership,
    0:25:53 but it was just utterly fascinating. I loved Walter Isison’s writing style. So when I finished a book,
    0:25:57 I went back, I said, “Damn, I’d like the way he writes.” So I go back and I looked to see what
    0:26:03 else he had written. And so then I see he’s done a book on Benjamin Franklin. He’s done a book on
    0:26:10 Einstein and subsequently Kissinger and others. So I go to the bookstore and I buy the Benjamin
    0:26:17 Franklin book. And I am blown away and a little sad because I feel like, “God damn, I went through
    0:26:22 all this education. No one ever taught me any of this stuff other than the kite.” And so before
    0:26:29 that, I think if you’d have asked me who was the most important American of all time, I think I would
    0:26:35 have probably tended to say Abraham Lincoln. But after I read Isison’s book on Benjamin Franklin,
    0:26:44 I would now feel, I mean, the lottery system, banking, schools, streets. He did so many unbelievable
    0:26:52 things. And then from there, I went to Einstein. And anybody who can write a book on Einstein that
    0:26:58 an idiot like me can understand the physics, and it was absolutely, it was a miracle.
    0:27:07 So in the book Tim, I read that Einstein was very active in what they would capture in those times
    0:27:13 as the Negro movement. And it says that he wrote a book on Einstein in the Negro movement. Well,
    0:27:20 I had never heard of this. So I immediately stopped reading and go Google Einstein on the Negro problem
    0:27:28 and lo and behold, it comes up. So I chased the book down. So what I find that a lot of times in
    0:27:33 reading books and in your book, Tools of the Titan, I’m reading and I see this, you mentioned in there
    0:27:40 about masterminds. And I had never heard of masterminds. So I circle it and I write Google behind
    0:27:45 it. So I go back and I go online and I find out, wow. So I’m thinking to myself, oh my God, how
    0:27:51 did I never knew about this? So how do I become part of it? So I sent some information to Ryan
    0:27:56 Holiday about this mastermind. So he gets back to me. He says, oh, I’m surprised you didn’t know
    0:28:02 about that. He says, you want to go, I’ll get you in. So the next thing I know, I get this invite to
    0:28:11 go to masterminds in Carmel Valley. And my eight years on earth, that was the greatest collection
    0:28:16 of intellects that I’ve ever been around in my life. I was so intimidated. And what was marvelous?
    0:28:21 That was when I knew I was on the right path. Because I’m 80 years old. The next oldest person
    0:28:30 there is probably 49. They’re all young energetic people. And I was readily admit I was so intimidated.
    0:28:36 I didn’t think I was thinking to myself, God, how am I going to fit in? And every night I went to bed
    0:28:42 with the worst headaches that I ever had, because I couldn’t process all this stuff. By the second
    0:28:49 day, I’ve already filled up a notebook of notes. And it was one of those life changing experiences.
    0:28:56 So you helped me grow as a person just by what you mentioned in Tools of the Titan.
    0:29:00 Well, thank you for reading it. First of all, I’m sure that with all my notes here,
    0:29:05 today, I’m going to have to figure out a way to have another conversation with you for sure.
    0:29:10 So hopefully, I won’t blow it between now and the end of the interview. But books that you’ve
    0:29:18 reread the most yourself or gifted to other people the most, are there any books that come to mind?
    0:29:25 Being 80 years old, it’s a long span of reading. The books that I’ve given out the most, rarely
    0:29:31 do I go to meet anyone. I can’t tell you the last time I met someone and I didn’t bring them a book,
    0:29:38 it’s just become a habit now to give them a book. In most cases, I give them two or three books.
    0:29:45 But the books that I’ve given away the most lately are Ryan’s two books, Obstacles and Ego is the
    0:29:51 Enemy. I give Ryan’s books away a lot. One thing that I like about Ryan’s book, it’s easier to carry
    0:29:56 because it’s smaller, so I can get a little bag and I can put 12 of them in there.
    0:30:00 Yeah, mine are not as user-friendly from carrying perspective.
    0:30:05 One thing I found with your two books is I take them on as a personal challenge. I said,
    0:30:12 if he spent this much time with this many pages, I am not going to allow the length of the book
    0:30:18 to intimidate me. I’m going to see this as an opportunity. And so what I did with Tools of the
    0:30:26 Titan, I call that my China book. So it’s 13 hours of Shanghai or 13 hours of Hong Kong and
    0:30:33 13 coming back. That’s 26 hours, man. I can knock that sucker out. Some books, you just have to find
    0:30:39 the right environment in which to read them. But most of the books I read, they’re very few of them
    0:30:44 that I don’t come away and feel that I’m a better person. One of the things I like to ask myself
    0:30:51 at the close of every day is, what did I do to make myself a better person than I was yesterday?
    0:30:59 What did I learn today? And so from a talk that I do, I say that every day is composed of 86,400
    0:31:07 seconds of opportunities. And how shameful is it for me at the close of my day to say that I didn’t
    0:31:13 do anything today to make myself a better person than I was yesterday? And that’s shame on me
    0:31:21 because I had 86,400 seconds of opportunities to do something, even if it’s no more than a thank you,
    0:31:27 a random smile, a pat on the back. Think about this, Tim, there are a lot of people in this country
    0:31:33 who go through 24 hours and never have anyone say anything to them positive. You might be the only
    0:31:40 person that day who said something to that person that was positive. Or I know we’re in a different
    0:31:47 culture now. And I always think I’m running a little risk. But if I’m in a restaurant or somewhere
    0:31:55 and a person’s waiting on me, and he or she has a great smile, I invariably say, hey, you have a
    0:32:00 great smile. I sometimes I feel a little uneasy when I say it to a female because I don’t want
    0:32:04 someone might think you’re trying to come on to them. But at the same time, I’m willing to take
    0:32:10 that risk. So earlier, when we were leaving breakfast, as we were leaving, the two waitresses
    0:32:14 said, thanks for coming. And they had a big smile on their face. So I said to both of them,
    0:32:22 two of you have a great smile. Well, to me, I like practicing random acts of kindness because
    0:32:31 so much today, we’re cruel and unintentionally cruel. We don’t think how valuable the little
    0:32:38 things are, the thank yous, the smiles, the taking time to listen. I had a situation that I still
    0:32:43 grapple with this when people stop you on the street and ask for money. We were having lunch
    0:32:48 yesterday and a lady came up and she asked if we could spare some money. She wanted to get
    0:32:56 something to eat or drink. So I gave her $5 and I said, now I hope you used the $5 on what you
    0:33:02 said you were going to do. So she points and there’s a little grocery store a few doors down.
    0:33:10 She comes back, shows me the drink and the $3 change. So it was a win for both of us.
    0:33:17 But I grapple with this thing about, do I give them some money or do I not? In this case,
    0:33:23 I mean, I really felt good that I was able to do something for her and she did something for me
    0:33:30 because she made me feel good. What she really did is help fortify my mind that I should probably be
    0:33:37 giving more instead of less. Well, you’ve given a lot in a lot of ways in many years of your life
    0:33:45 and certainly one capacity is that of coach or educator or teacher and we could spend days
    0:33:49 and hopefully we will, hopefully we’ll get to know each other even better and spend more time
    0:33:55 together. But for now, I thought we might jump forward at least from your childhood stories
    0:34:07 to the Olympics 1984. And there are many different angles we could take to get into this. But I
    0:34:12 suppose where I want to start, there’s so many different things that I want to touch on. But
    0:34:17 since we were talking about communicating and phrasing and words, could you share the motivational
    0:34:23 quote that you came up with at that time? And I think it’s each one of us has a relative who gave
    0:34:28 his life for this country, the least we can do is give 40 minutes of ourselves. Yes, that was,
    0:34:35 that’s actually a Bob Knight quote. And it was a motivating force because when you stop and think
    0:34:43 about it, very seldom in our lifetime does our country ever come to us and say, we need you.
    0:34:49 It’s always the exact opposite. We’re looking for something from the government. But I felt that
    0:34:57 this was a unique opportunity that the country was basically saying to the team and the coaches
    0:35:03 that we need you and we need you to bring back a gold medal for us. And so this was a unique
    0:35:10 opportunity for us to serve our country. And I can remember vividly in the months leading up to
    0:35:17 the 84 Olympics in Los Angeles, I would envision that we were going to win the gold medal and we
    0:35:24 were going to be standing there and hear the national anthem play and to be at attention and
    0:35:28 look at the American flag. I know that we’re in a different era now in a different time,
    0:35:36 but the reality was this is how I felt. And so I grew up in an era where my grandma taught America
    0:35:41 right or wrong, America, whatever the problems are, we’ll work them out. But at the end of the
    0:35:47 day, we’re an American. And so I envisioned what was it going to be like when we stood there and
    0:35:53 received the gold medal and heard the national anthem played and you had the satisfaction of
    0:36:01 saying to yourself, mission accomplished. And it was one of the most unique experiences I’ve ever
    0:36:08 had in my life to be in a position where you could represent your country and you could have a good
    0:36:15 feeling about it. I’m sure there’ll be a lot of people who will question why I felt that way,
    0:36:17 but that’s the truth of the matter.
    0:36:24 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show.
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    0:37:28 This was a paid endorsement by Wealthfront.
    0:37:38 And now, Claire Hughes-Johnson, a corporate officer and advisor for Stripe, and its chief
    0:37:47 operating officer from 2014 to 2021, and the author of Scaling People, Tactics for Management
    0:37:53 and Company Building. You can find Claire on Twitter @chuesjohnson.
    0:37:56 Claire, thank you so much for making the time.
    0:37:58 I’m so glad to be here, Tim. Thank you for having me on.
    0:38:04 And we were talking briefly about how one thing that you’ve observed, I’m just joshing here,
    0:38:08 of course. A lot of cool people go to Brown. I want to ask about somebody else who seems
    0:38:14 pretty cool, who I’m not sure went to Brown or not, but that is Fred Kauffman. And I guess
    0:38:19 he is the origin of your second favorite operating principle, perhaps? Say the thing you
    0:38:25 cannot say. I just love this line. Say the thing you think you cannot say. Oh, there we go. That’s
    0:38:30 actually such a critical distinction, right? That is such a critical distinction. I simplified it.
    0:38:36 That probably tells you a lot. We could psychoanalyze that later. But say the thing you think you cannot
    0:38:44 say. Can you provide listeners with a bit of context as to what this means and why it is important?
    0:38:49 I laid out, and I had to think about this for myself, for operating principles
    0:38:52 for me as a leader and a person. And I shared them with others because I think actually everybody
    0:38:58 should authentically come up with their own. But this one was the second one. The first one
    0:39:03 about self-awareness is the one I probably talk about the most with everyone and myself. But
    0:39:07 the second one is say the thing you think you cannot say. That’s why I started with the second one.
    0:39:14 Yeah, because no one asked me about it now. And it’s a lesson that I’ve learned. And I think there’s
    0:39:18 a journey that people go on with this lesson so we can share about that. But I’ve certainly
    0:39:24 gone on the journey. And the person who was probably one of the most pivotal to me stepping
    0:39:28 from square one, which is we often just don’t say the thing. We just don’t say it, was Fred
    0:39:34 Kaufman. And Fred was… I’m going to get some of this wrong. But as I understand it, he was an
    0:39:40 accountant by training. He became a professor at MIT. He was teaching accounting. He grew up
    0:39:47 in Argentina, by the way. I don’t think he went to Brown. And he had some sort of life revelation
    0:39:54 that he was not living with the true dimensions of his being and his values. And what he needed
    0:40:02 to do was stop teaching accounting and become a leadership coach and advisor. And he wrote this
    0:40:06 book, Conscious Business, which I recommend. I don’t recommend a lot of business books. I’m
    0:40:10 just going to be perfectly honest to him. I often read the beginning of business books,
    0:40:15 and then I never finished them. But Conscious Business, I have read all of it. And he formed
    0:40:23 this firm called Excellent at the time that Sheryl Sandberg hired at Google. So Fred and his team
    0:40:29 come in to start working with Sheryl Sandberg’s organization, of which I was a member of
    0:40:34 management and then leadership. But initially, I was sort of one of the senior managers,
    0:40:38 like not anyone, particularly special. And to Sheryl’s great credit, because not a lot of
    0:40:43 companies at the stage Google was at were investing two, three days of management training and
    0:40:48 leadership training. We all went through these 360 assessments. They gave us these report outs,
    0:40:51 and then they put us in these boot camps with Fred and his team.
    0:40:56 Just for a snapshot in time, when you say at that scale, what was the status of Google at that time,
    0:41:05 roughly? I joined Google in May of 2004, and it was maybe around 1800 people. I mean,
    0:41:08 there was a lot of contractors, I’m going to be honest, but I think in terms of full-time
    0:41:11 employees. And it was, by the way, for me, the biggest place I’d ever worked. So I was like,
    0:41:17 this place is huge. And then just fast forward, I left Google in 2014, and it was almost 60,000
    0:41:24 people. So whoa. So I would say that the excellent engagement with Sheryl and her team was probably,
    0:41:28 I joined right before the IPO, which was in August of ’04. And then in ’05, I would say,
    0:41:36 is when we had, so Google actually was doubling every year. Probably 3,000 to 4,000. But Google
    0:41:42 had gone public, but was still maturing and establishing, especially on the sort of
    0:41:47 investment and management and organizational skills. But Sheryl, of course, ahead of her
    0:41:52 time on things like that, was making the investment and had the budget that was a benefit of Google,
    0:41:56 as we certainly had nice margins, Tim, that we could spend on management training.
    0:42:02 And so we did this bootcamp with Excellent. But one of the things that Fred has, as he has some
    0:42:06 really great frameworks, he has one about being a victim versus being a player. But one of his
    0:42:11 frameworks is, how do you take what he calls your left-hand column? So you and I are talking right
    0:42:16 now, say we’re having a conversation in the workplace, our brain is always operating in
    0:42:21 the background. And it’s often thinking some things about the conversation, about the person,
    0:42:26 about sometimes it’s thinking, what should I be doing? What do I want to have for dinner?
    0:42:32 But we have this ongoing monologue in our brain. And the left-hand column, with respect to,
    0:42:36 look, it’s about our conversation, Fred was really pushing us as a group. He’s like,
    0:42:42 how do you, he’d say, detoxify, I can’t do his accent, detoxify the left-hand column and actually
    0:42:48 say, like say the thing. And then he’d go through these exercises. And so this was sort of a light
    0:42:52 bulb for me, which is like really about giving hard feedback. At that time, I was in management
    0:42:57 training. But what I’ve come to learn is not only is say the thing you think you cannot say,
    0:43:02 certainly about giving feedback and being more direct in your management conversations.
    0:43:08 But I actually think it’s a really tremendous leadership skill, which is to get in a room.
    0:43:13 And I don’t care if I’m in charge of the team or I’m just a person on a board. I’m on some boards
    0:43:19 now. And we’re sitting there. And there’s often an unspoken thing. You’ve been there. You’ve been
    0:43:23 in the like, Tim, you seem like someone who would actually put the thing on the table. Like I think
    0:43:28 you and I are sometimes to my detriment. But yes, well, I think I need help. And this is where I’m
    0:43:34 going to ask you if you could give an example, could be hypothetical or real of this type of
    0:43:40 experience. And also the detoxifying, sort of like, how do you detoxify the like gentrifying
    0:43:45 your inner language so that you don’t sound like a complete asshole?
    0:43:50 Right. And I think, I mean, the short answer is you got to ask some stuff as a question often
    0:43:55 to stop yourself from making a big judgment. But Tim, yeah, I think what I pick up in you
    0:44:00 and from listening to you is you’re willing to take some risks. And so I think this is really
    0:44:05 about risk taking and saying something that you’re not sure you should say, but you’re going to put
    0:44:09 it out there. And then the question is, how do you do it with as much finesse as possible so that
    0:44:13 you don’t end up having blowback, which believe me, I’ve sometimes said the thing I think I cannot
    0:44:18 say and had people look at me like, oh my goodness. But most of the time I’m reading the room right.
    0:44:23 Here’s an example, which is, I mean, just classic, more of a business example, but certainly happens
    0:44:28 in my personal life too. So we went through various business planning types of tactics at Stripe,
    0:44:33 but one of them we were using for a while was your classic quarterly business review. You have
    0:44:38 teams come in, we’ve given them a template and we say, please fill out these things. Let’s see your
    0:44:42 data. Let’s see where you are versus your goals. What’s your strategy? What’s your plan? Write this
    0:44:45 memo. We’re all going to read the memo and then we’re going to have this discussion about how
    0:44:49 you’re doing. And often teams come in and they want more resources or they want us to solve
    0:44:52 something or decide something. And we’re of course saying like, well, it’s actually you,
    0:44:56 you’re supposed to be deciding and solving, but it’s a discussion with the executive team.
    0:45:01 And I’m sitting in one of these reviews with a team that’s primarily working on an area of the
    0:45:06 product. So it’s product and engineering leaders. It’s not my part of the org that I run, but I’m
    0:45:09 invited to be there and I like to be there. I like to be close to the product.
    0:45:15 And I’m listening to the discussion and it starts to become incredibly clear to me that the team
    0:45:22 is feeling defensive or blocked or angry. I couldn’t quite tell what it was that there’s
    0:45:27 another team doing some similar work. And by the way, if you’ve read any Jack Welch stuff,
    0:45:32 he actually had this tactic as a leader where he’d put two teams on the same problem and sort of
    0:45:37 like get them to compete these tiger teams. That was not stripes tactic. I just want to be clear.
    0:45:40 We were not interested. We’d never had enough people. There’s no way we would put
    0:45:44 engineers on the same, believe me. So it was mystifying. And I think by the way,
    0:45:50 I could hear it because I wasn’t in the room super close to the material. This wasn’t my part of the
    0:45:55 org. I hadn’t heard about the details of some of these projects until this meeting. I’m reading
    0:46:00 the document. I’m listening to them talk. And I just said, can I just ask if there’s something
    0:46:05 we’re not talking about here? And they’re all looking at me because I rarely poke in on certain
    0:46:09 moments with respect to what’s our product roadmap. And is there something we’re not talking about?
    0:46:16 And everyone looks at me and I said, I feel like you’re really concerned about this other team,
    0:46:20 what they’re building or what they’re up to. Are you concerned? And initially, no, no, no,
    0:46:25 I mean, it’s fine. It’s fine. They’ve got this thing they’re doing that I said, well, is it?
    0:46:30 Do you think it’s the same thing? Is that what I’m hearing? And I just started to ask
    0:46:35 a bunch of questions of the leader of the discussion. And I said, well, should that team
    0:46:40 be in the room right now? Should we have a meeting with both of you? Because it feels like there’s
    0:46:47 asymmetrical information and that you all don’t feel confident in what they’re building and that
    0:46:51 you’re either dependent on them or competing with them with what you’re building. And they were like,
    0:46:56 maybe. I mean, it eventually became like, we don’t have the right people in the room to have a
    0:47:01 conversation about the problem. And so we sort of stopped it and said, let’s go do that to the
    0:47:05 credit of the rest of the people in the room. But as we left, one of the engineers who was
    0:47:10 sitting on the sort of periphery walked up to me on the stairs and he was like, that was refreshing.
    0:47:14 But why I’m bringing it up is, to me, that was a moment of leadership, which by the way,
    0:47:21 you don’t have to be a VP or a COO to do that. The leadership is to say, I am observing a thing
    0:47:26 that people are clearly not saying and are uncomfortable and is actually,
    0:47:32 seems to me like a bad practice happening. And I am going to just call it, I’m going to ask,
    0:47:37 is this going on? Am I seeing this correctly? And it’s going to change the whole trajectory of
    0:47:42 the meeting and the conversation and maybe of the team and their work. It did result in some
    0:47:46 de-duping ultimately. But I think that’s what I mean by saying the thing.
    0:47:53 De-duping meaning having people working on less similar, overlapping Venn diagrams of
    0:47:58 responsibilities. Exactly. And I think really what it was is they both had a part of their team that
    0:48:02 was sort of doing the same thing and they were feeling dependent on each other. It was almost
    0:48:05 like a yin-yang and they didn’t have the whole picture. And I was like, all right, someone needs
    0:48:10 to have the whole thing under their control. So it was almost duplicate plus dependency,
    0:48:15 which is sort of worse. Sounds like a recipe for lots of headaches. Exactly. But there’s also,
    0:48:20 Tim, I’m sure you can picture an example in a personal situation where you take a risk
    0:48:25 with a friend and you say, hey, have you told your husband that you feel that way?
    0:48:32 So the detoxifying, though, in any of these examples is in your mind, you’re having a judgment.
    0:48:37 We’re always judging. The brain looks for shortcuts. We know this. I’m judging and I’m like,
    0:48:41 oh, I’m convinced that they’re pissed at this other team or I’m convinced my friend and her
    0:48:45 husband are having problems and I’m going to solve them. But to detoxify it, you have to
    0:48:50 sort of float above yourself and say, it is not going to be productive for me to open my mouth
    0:48:55 and issue a judgment on another person or someone else’s work product. Yeah, people take that really
    0:49:06 well. Yeah, exactly. People super don’t like that. So what can I do? What can I say? And my
    0:49:14 feeling is it’s usually a question that opens the aperture of the conversation there, but keeps them
    0:49:20 in a mode of curiosity, openness. How can I ask? And the problem and the art here, and this is why
    0:49:26 you have to practice it and it’s uncomfortable, is sometimes you say something too general. You’re
    0:49:29 like, is there something you’re not telling me? That’s not going to work because that’s going
    0:49:35 to make them think, wait a minute, is there some paranoid thing? So it has to be more like,
    0:49:39 you can use the words, I’m hearing a concern about the work of this other team. Say more,
    0:49:45 are you concerned? And I’m all about hypotheses. I love management by hypothesis, which is like,
    0:49:49 I think this is happening. I’m going to name it. I’m going to name the hypothesis I have. And then
    0:49:54 I want you to validate it. Or by the way, fight with me. Say to me, no, no, no, I have data to the
    0:50:00 contrary. And I’m happy to revise my hypothesis. But if you don’t state it, you’re not going to get
    0:50:06 anywhere. We’re going to come back to what people might perceive as uncomfortable conversations.
    0:50:13 And I want to ask later, we’re going to take a side quest for a minute about giving feedback to
    0:50:17 direct reports. Because a lot of people who listen to this, or who are watching this,
    0:50:26 have smaller teams. And my experience is that often people who are good at having these direct
    0:50:33 conversations in a personal context or a business context are sometimes compartmentalized in their
    0:50:37 capability in the sense that they’re very good. For instance, I think I’m better on the personal
    0:50:44 side than I am in the business side, specifically when it is team members of my employees. If it’s
    0:50:50 with contractors or joint venture partners, I can do that. For whatever reason, I think it’s
    0:50:56 probably we could also do years of psychotherapy on this, but a fear of someone say abruptly
    0:51:00 quitting or something if I don’t deliver the message properly. Whereas I’m not worried about
    0:51:05 my friend quitting our friendship. They might get pissed and put me on ice for a week and give me
    0:51:08 the silent treatment, but it’s not going to be a forever thing. So I want to come back to that.
    0:51:17 But before we go there, I want to come back for a second to Fred Kaufman and victim versus player.
    0:51:21 Can you explain what this is? I love this one because I think it’s so
    0:51:28 simplifying and clarifying really about are you managing someone or interacting with someone who
    0:51:34 has agency takes responsibility. Fred, when he introduces this framework tells the story of
    0:51:38 how young children and he’s the I think he has six or seven children, by the way, but how young
    0:51:45 children when something has happened that they know is bad will not take responsibility. So
    0:51:52 they will say things like the coat is at school. So not I left my coat at school, right? Or a thing
    0:51:57 has happened. Things have happened. The toy is broken. You’re like, well, did you break it? You
    0:52:01 know, so he has this really disarming way of introducing this concept, which is we’re all
    0:52:05 laughing. Just like you and I were like, haha, the toy is broken. But then he’s like, okay,
    0:52:10 now let’s talk about if one of your direct reports came to you and said the report was not written.
    0:52:16 And you’re like the report that you were meant to write, but how it actually manifests is you’re
    0:52:21 supposed to write some report up or some summary of a meeting and you say, oh, tell me where that is.
    0:52:26 And the player says completely my fault. I had planned to get it to you by five o’clock yesterday.
    0:52:33 I prioritized this emergency that came up, didn’t tell you my bad. Can we renegotiate?
    0:52:37 Can I get it to you at five o’clock today? And you’re like, fine, I wish you told me that you
    0:52:43 weren’t going to get it. But the victim says, let me tell you about that report. Lucy owes me her
    0:52:49 notes. And I can’t finish it without Lucy. And Lucy, you know, super slow at getting her notes.
    0:52:54 And I’m sorry, I don’t know when I’m going to get it. But that actually is pretty common. People
    0:52:59 are like, well, it’s this other person that I’m depending on. And therefore I have no responsibility.
    0:53:05 And they’re a victim. And they’re going to play the victim. And I think that’s a very hard person
    0:53:11 to coach. How much do you have to select that in your hiring process versus coach people from
    0:53:15 one side to the other? Have you had much success or seen much success in moving people
    0:53:21 from the victim side to the player side? And that’s a bit of a leading question by my tone,
    0:53:28 I guess. I suspect there are a lot of instances where that’s hard. But in the success cases,
    0:53:34 what does that coaching process look like? I’ve seen both. I feel like with people who are earlier
    0:53:39 in their career, they’re more, I’m all growth mindset, but they’re a little more moldable.
    0:53:44 And you can actually coach people out of this as like a way of operating. If they’re later in
    0:53:49 their career, it’s a little more ingrained. And it’s quite hard, especially because they tend to
    0:53:54 not be aware of it because they’ve somehow been successful operating in that mode. And so they’re
    0:53:58 kind of like, what are you saying? You see leaders who, you know, how they behave to him is they
    0:54:04 say, well, if it’s not under my direct control, then I am not responsible. And so they become
    0:54:09 empire builders. And some organizations let them get away with it. They’re like, sure, you can
    0:54:14 have all the infrastructure teams then. Like it becomes this weird, failing upward problem,
    0:54:17 where people say, well, if I can control it, I’ll take responsibility.
    0:54:22 If it’s within my house, then I’ll take responsibility. So people satisfy that
    0:54:24 checkbox by giving them more and more resources. What a nightmare.
    0:54:29 Exactly. And it becomes this weird expanded scope of this person who actually doesn’t take
    0:54:34 responsibility. It’s a pattern I’ve seen. For people earlier in their career, the easiest coaching
    0:54:38 move you do, which I’m sure you’ve heard, or someone’s done it to you, I’ve certainly had it
    0:54:43 done to me. They’re saying, Lucy didn’t send me her notes. And you’re saying, what could you have
    0:54:49 done differently? And you have to let uncomfortable silence then. And some people will then say,
    0:54:54 what do you mean? You’re like, oh, my gosh. But some people will say, well, I guess I could have
    0:54:59 helped Lucy write the notes. So what I try to do is stay in the discomfort, which is hard,
    0:55:03 and just sort of like, let’s list out a few things you could have done differently.
    0:55:07 And not be judgmental, like not judge the things. Just say what it was. So you could have helped
    0:55:12 Lucy write the notes. You could have set a deadline with her that was ahead of your deadline.
    0:55:15 Right. Put a deadline in a sauna where people can actually see it.
    0:55:19 You could use a productivity tool where you could see, I love those tools, because that’s
    0:55:24 sunshine. Sunshine is a great disinfectant, Tim. If everybody can see that Lucy has not
    0:55:29 done her action item, that is going to help Lucy be more accountable. But the point is,
    0:55:34 you come up with this list, and the person often is like, wow, you’re right. Really,
    0:55:38 what you’re, they’re kind of going to have to admit to you is they’re being a little lazy.
    0:55:40 They’re not helping others do the work. They’re not a good collaborator.
    0:55:44 And that’s what I sometimes do with someone is like, you know, if this is a pattern, I say,
    0:55:49 you know, I see this pattern. Do you see this pattern where you’re waiting for other people
    0:55:53 all the time? Tell me more about why you think that’s happening. Why are the people not delivering
    0:55:58 for you? And the question is like, either it’s because they haven’t figured out how to do action
    0:56:04 items or accountability or be clear about deadlines, or there’s someone people don’t like to work with.
    0:56:07 I always call it like going meta. Like you’re looking from the balcony at the situation,
    0:56:11 which is a term from adaptive leadership. Are you on the balcony or are you on the dance floor?
    0:56:14 And if you’re on the balcony, you try to get the person up there with you and say,
    0:56:21 why do you have this pattern of people not helping you get your work done? And then I think of it
    0:56:25 as going to the basement. I know this is, I’m a very visual person. So we look down and they sort
    0:56:29 of, if they acknowledge it, they say, yeah, I guess I see that. And I say, well, let’s talk
    0:56:33 about a few examples. And we come up with some examples. Then we go down and we’re in the scenario.
    0:56:37 And I say, let’s do the five wise. I mean, everyone loves the five wise. I’m like,
    0:56:43 why do you think Lucy didn’t send you the notes? Well, she’s not good at deadlines. Okay. And then
    0:56:47 this is a wonderful expression that I learned from some coach I had a million years ago.
    0:56:51 Be that as it may, which is not normal English language, but I don’t know it worked.
    0:56:57 Sort of like, be that as it may. Okay. Maybe Lucy’s terrible at deadlines. But why else? Well,
    0:57:02 I didn’t ask her to get it to me at a specific time. Okay. So maybe there’s a thing. Why else?
    0:57:07 You know, and you’re sort of pushing them and sometimes not every time they’ll sort of say,
    0:57:14 well, I don’t know Lucy and I don’t work that well together. And you’re like, oh,
    0:57:18 say more about that. What do you think’s going on? And of course, by the way,
    0:57:23 your left hand column, Tim, is it’s because Lucy doesn’t like you because you blame her
    0:57:30 for all of your missed deadlines. But I can’t say that because that person is going to go from
    0:57:34 learning to barely in learning mode. I’m trying to bring them along with me and they’re going to
    0:57:39 just shut down. And by the way, they may never admit that Lucy doesn’t like them because they
    0:57:44 blame her for missed deadlines. But they’re going to realize that their manager, who’s me,
    0:57:49 is not letting them off the hook. If they can’t get into an agency, a player mindset,
    0:57:55 I’m a responsible party for my work and others, then they are going to be off my team. If I can’t
    0:58:00 coach them out of it, to your point, there’s two gaps that I think are really hard. One is people
    0:58:05 who can’t stop being victims. And the other gap, I call it self-awareness gap, where they think
    0:58:11 they are the best in the world. I once worked with this BD person who was like, I can negotiate a
    0:58:16 deal better than anyone. And talk about not being in a learning mindset. I’m like, do you not think
    0:58:22 we should get any outside advice? I’m exaggerating a little bit, but really unaware that they had
    0:58:28 any potential blind spot or had never done a deal like this deal. And I’m like, how are we going to
    0:58:33 close this awareness gap? Because the people around you are saying you are not the best person to
    0:58:38 negotiate this deal. And I’m trying to hand it to someone else. And you’re like, what? You have no
    0:58:44 one better than me. And that’s a very hard gap to close. Yeah, totally. And I promise we are going
    0:58:50 to spend some time on self-awareness. The book I’ve probably gifted most to my friends and house
    0:58:54 guests and so on in the last few years is actually a very short book called Awareness by Anthony
    0:58:58 DeMello, which is outstanding. I need to read it again. I read it probably once or twice a year.
    0:59:05 So we are going to spend some time there. I’m kind of tiptoeing around the edges of the dance floor,
    0:59:12 as it were, and tiptoeing and side stepping on the balcony because I want to paint a picture
    0:59:18 of you also as a person, not just the concepts. So we are going to spend some time there. I’d also
    0:59:25 just as a side note, if you decide to write another book, I think the toy is broken as the title and
    0:59:31 then the subtitle could be like a high performers guide to taking responsibility. Oh my God,
    0:59:37 so good. The toy is broken. Tim, you’re hired for my marketing team. I gotta tell you, we’re not
    0:59:41 always the best at naming things. It’s right. So you’re invited. That’s the one thing that I am
    0:59:47 good at. You’re on the team. Congratulations. Thank you. As a hell of a team. I mean, my boss
    0:59:52 sucks. Oh wait, I’m my boss. Oh, you’re the boss. Terrible. Terrible. You said you don’t recommend
    0:59:56 a lot of business books, and I am going to come back to share all an excellent in a little bit,
    0:59:59 but you don’t recommend a lot of business books. Sometimes you read the introduction and you’re
    1:00:06 like, “That’s enough. Thank you.” Let’s talk about a non-business book. And that book is To the
    1:00:13 Lighthouse by Virginia Woolf. What is your history with this book and why do you recommend it?
    1:00:20 I love great literature. I think that’s how I grew up. My parents are both teachers. My
    1:00:24 father was a high school English department chair and teacher and baseball coach. By the way,
    1:00:29 he would probably say he was a baseball coach, and then he would say I’m a teacher. And my mom
    1:00:36 was a college professor for a long time. And I wish more people loved literature because I think,
    1:00:40 how do you understand the human condition? Literature is like the best shortcut to that
    1:00:46 in your life. But I think there are some authors for someone who becomes a student of literature
    1:00:53 that change their worldview about really what’s possible with writing. So not just the book changes
    1:00:58 how they feel and think, but actually the process. Sort of like when you see a product. I think you
    1:01:04 love innovative products. When you see something, you’re like, “That is going to change my life.”
    1:01:10 And so I think that to the Lighthouse represents. I mean, Virginia Woolf is a writer that
    1:01:16 resonated for me. And I think if you understand, if you’ve also studied history and you think,
    1:01:24 okay, she’s writing some stuff in like the early 1900s, 1920s, not a lot of women publishing a lot
    1:01:30 in that time in Britain. She gets herself into this writer’s collective with men and women.
    1:01:36 She also has relationships with men and women. She’s like pretty avant-garde person. But if you
    1:01:44 read A Room of One’s Own, it’s basically one of the earliest feminist manifestos that exist.
    1:01:48 And this is where I think, Tim, you’re like me, I love people who are polymaths. You’re like,
    1:01:54 not just this amazing novelist, thank you, Virginia Woolf, but you’re also writing
    1:01:59 just your thoughts on things like women should have a room of their own. I mean,
    1:02:05 actually figuratively, you know, not just literally. And I think that she is fascinating,
    1:02:10 her life is fascinating. And I want to acknowledge not all of her personal views are great on some
    1:02:16 things. As that happens, I worry that we started to not study certain artists because they’ve said
    1:02:21 some things or done some things, which I would disagree with. I think people think she was an
    1:02:25 anti-Semite and it does appear that she said some very anti-Semitic things in some of her writing.
    1:02:31 I still think you should study Virginia Woolf. And I will own that as my position on her. But
    1:02:37 I think To the Lighthouse, most people would say is her most important novel. I will be honest
    1:02:43 with you and say, when I wrote my thesis in college, I was going to write it on To the Lighthouse.
    1:02:48 And then I actually decided to write it on Mrs. Dalloway, which is another one of her novels,
    1:02:54 because I love the parallels from Mrs. Dalloway with a book called The Passion by Jeanette Winterson.
    1:03:01 So Jeanette Winterson is a female British writer, more in the modern era, who had broken through
    1:03:06 with a memoir called Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit and then had published
    1:03:10 this book, The Passion, and then a book called Sexing the Cherry. She’s published now several
    1:03:14 books. But Jeanette Winterson, I think, is a descendant, in my opinion, of Virginia Woolf.
    1:03:19 And I was like, I’m going to examine these two novels. And I didn’t choose To the Lighthouse.
    1:03:23 But I will say that, and To the Lighthouse is not an easy read. And I want to own that also.
    1:03:27 I think it’s very, Mrs. Dalloway, much more digestible, shorter book.
    1:03:31 It has some repetition in it, some beautiful rhythm in the writing where you’re like, oh,
    1:03:36 and I’m coming back around in the circular way to the way the story sort of moves you.
    1:03:39 To the Lighthouse is like a dream state. You feel like you’re in a dream state.
    1:03:45 You’re like, the points of view are shifting. Who’s the real narrator here? What is the story?
    1:03:51 There’s not like, you’re not being driven by your classic plot or character driven story.
    1:03:52 It is much more internal.
    1:03:55 It’s like John Wick, in some sense. I’m kidding, I’m kidding.
    1:04:02 I feel like the plot of John Wick is pretty clear. You know, I am going to take vengeance.
    1:04:06 Excuse me now. I’m going to come out of retirement and kill everyone.
    1:04:07 Oh, what a great work of art.
    1:04:11 I’ll be the first one to tell you. I read a lot of mysteries and thrillers. And I like
    1:04:16 movies like that, actually. So I’m very multi-dimensional. But I think for To the Lighthouse,
    1:04:20 you find something new every time you read it. You think about life, death, the human condition,
    1:04:25 what is love? What is family? What does it mean to connect with other human beings?
    1:04:29 And there’s something about the way the writing works. I mean, it’s set in this island in Scotland
    1:04:33 and there’s a lighthouse and they go out in the boat. Like you literally feel like you’re surfing
    1:04:39 in a boat. Like that feeling when you’re like, I’m not really connected to firm land, but I’m in
    1:04:45 this inner sanctum of people’s heads. So I think that it changed me because of the way it felt to
    1:04:51 read it. Frankly, the themes are much more sophisticated than my 19-year-old self probably
    1:04:54 could have handled. Like I should actually, you just said you should read awareness again. I should
    1:05:00 go read To the Lighthouse again because now that I am a mother and a wife of a certain age,
    1:05:05 I’m like, this book is going to resonate a lot more for me. But what’s amazing is Virginia Woolf was
    1:05:10 never that. She didn’t have children and she unfortunately did kill herself. Like she had
    1:05:16 a lot of demons and actually the way that she killed herself, brutal. When she filled her pockets
    1:05:21 with rocks and drowned herself. And I think that a lot of artists are tortured, but the fact that
    1:05:28 she could project into this Mrs. Ramsey and this woman, this very maternal figure, was a sign of
    1:05:33 true artistry. Sorry, that was very long. That’s why I have a long podcast. So I’m not going to let
    1:05:38 it go. I’m going to continue to chew on this bone a little bit. And for the record, I actually love
    1:05:43 John Wick. But I don’t want to dwell on John Wick. I was going to say first, if you like dream state
    1:05:52 evoking novels, the one that blew my mind and nine out of 10 people hate this book. So it’s a very
    1:05:58 strong caveat, but it’s a little big by John Crowley. There’s actually a poet by training. It is so
    1:06:05 unbelievably good. You have to slog through the first 150 pages, but beyond that, it’s absolutely
    1:06:11 stunning. So what are the reasons to read fiction aside from the, as I think you put earlier, the
    1:06:16 insight into the human condition? If you were trying to get someone to take that first bite of
    1:06:22 forbidden apple of fiction, are there any other points that you would make?
    1:06:28 How do you build empathy? How do you understand everybody has a story? I mean, you’ve traveled a
    1:06:33 lot, Tim, but a lot of people you and I both know haven’t traveled the world. They haven’t been to
    1:06:38 that many countries. You want to go to another country, find a great novel that’s been translated
    1:06:43 from that country and read it and like you will understand that country in a way that no travel
    1:06:49 guide will ever give you in my opinion. So I think it’s a very cheap way. And there’s also to build
    1:06:59 like emotional intelligence. I’ve worked now in tech companies for over 20 years. And when you
    1:07:04 sort of get to certain levels of responsibility with management and leadership, you could be
    1:07:10 technically the smartest person in the room. But if you have no emotional intelligence or
    1:07:16 dimensionality in contemplating emotional states, you are going to struggle. You are going to struggle
    1:07:21 to lead. And so when I say understand the human condition, I don’t just mean like, I’m reading a
    1:07:25 book and I understand, wow, that’s how it might feel to be in a divorce, or that’s how it might feel
    1:07:31 to lose your child. Or, you know, I’m saying, no, you yourself as the reader, if the book is really
    1:07:38 good, start to feel the feelings. You start to feel like, oh, I lost a child. Emotional exercise
    1:07:46 is hard. It’s either happening to you. So you’re going through an emotional situation in your own
    1:07:51 life, which is hard, but doesn’t happen every day to most people. Or you’re going to get
    1:07:57 emotional exercise from, in my experience, a lot of people get it from film. They get it from video
    1:08:03 content. Short form video gives you like a dopamine hit, in my opinion, but not an actual
    1:08:10 deep story emotional resonant hit. We think we’re getting it when we see, oh, that dog fell
    1:08:14 through the ice and then that guy rescued the dog and you’re sort of like crying and you’re so happy.
    1:08:19 But like in a 30 second YouTube video, like, no, that’s not an emotional arc. That’s just, I like
    1:08:26 to see people rescue animals who are drowning. But like, no, I really want, I think it’s a serious
    1:08:30 film. Maybe it’s John Wick. John Wick might be a way to detoxify your left-hand collar.
    1:08:35 I almost cried. I said to my friend who’d seen him before, I was like, if they touch that dog,
    1:08:39 I’m going to lose it. And he just stayed silent. I was like, oh, no, here it comes.
    1:08:46 But anyway, point is, I think it’s emotional workout. Literature, great films.
    1:08:53 Yeah. The other thing I would say is fiction is often much more efficient and elegant in delivering
    1:09:01 truths than nonfiction. And that’s speaking as someone who is a militant, nonfiction purist for
    1:09:08 decades. And I really wish I’d started earlier with reading very, very high quality fiction.
    1:09:12 So what was your gateway fiction? What got you, I’m so glad to hear your convert.
    1:09:18 Oh, a gateway fiction. I mean, I would say that early on, I was an avid fiction reader. So as a
    1:09:25 kid, there were books like The Neverending Story, and then later Dune, for instance, Science Fiction,
    1:09:33 A Stranger in a Strange Land by Heinlein, which were also very condensed thought experiments.
    1:09:40 This is part of the reason why I like sci-fi quite a lot. So for folks who are male, also female,
    1:09:47 but if they’re male tech on the spectrum over performers, I’ll usually steer them to say
    1:09:54 Ted Chiang short stories like Exhalation is a second collection. Then I stopped for a long
    1:09:59 time because it was time to get serious and follows rules and be a business guy and so on and so
    1:10:05 forth. So I read all the nonfiction stuff. And then I would say later on, now that I’m reflecting
    1:10:10 on it, because I’m trying to pinpoint and maybe it’s because you seeded me with the Argentina.
    1:10:15 I used to live in Argentina for about nine months in 2004. And in an effort, this is going to sound
    1:10:22 ridiculous to people who are familiar with this work, but I wanted to read fiction in an effort
    1:10:30 to get better at Spanish. So I found side by side Jorge Luis Borges, which is incredibly challenging
    1:10:36 in Spanish, I will say right up front. But that ethereal kind of magic
    1:10:47 realism. Yes. Fever dream type of conjuring that he was able to accomplish was intoxicating to me
    1:10:55 because it’s effectively mind control, right? Like language on some level is mind control.
    1:10:59 If you said to me, like, what’s the other to the lighthouse? I would say a hundred years of
    1:11:04 solitude. Gabriel Garcia Marquez and my introduction to magical realism. And what’s interesting is
    1:11:09 you went to this because a lot of guys I talked to, they’re like Neil Stevenson, three body problem,
    1:11:14 like it’s like there’s a sci fi dune is always in their contact, you know, like whatever,
    1:11:19 he depends on when they were born. But like you get this sort of sci fi. But what you just did,
    1:11:26 I love, which is where else is there sci fi in a lot of Latin American literature? Isabella Yende,
    1:11:33 Orres Marquez. And that’s where like maybe the genders can meet, which is like really emotional,
    1:11:40 gripping multi era stories, but really wild stuff is like dream state is happening. And you’re
    1:11:44 wondering like, are they on drugs? Like what’s happening here? Of course they were on drugs.
    1:11:50 I 100% love that you went there. Because I think it’s when you’re pushing the sci fi
    1:11:55 into like a different realm is magical realism. The most creative people I know this includes
    1:12:00 business for sure. The most creative if they’re the most creative deal makers, they read and consume
    1:12:06 very widely. They’re not going to this huge buffet and always eating the shredded carrots. Okay,
    1:12:10 fine, like shredded carrots. Yeah, they’re healthy for you. Easy to eat. I get it. There’s a whole
    1:12:18 buffet. And they end up being able to connect disparate fields and ideas in a way that end up
    1:12:23 being ultimately incredibly interesting and sometimes very profitable. And I would say who
    1:12:29 was it? He works with Daniel Kahneman. Let’s say this aim was very scary, something like that.
    1:12:35 But he said something along the lines of researchers waste years not being able to waste
    1:12:42 hours. I’m butchering the quote. But it’s like if you feel so rushed that you cannot read a short
    1:12:48 fiction book, that is a symptom of a much larger problem, I would say. And so proving to yourself
    1:12:54 like creating the slack in the system to do that has its own benefits. Alright, fiction conversation
    1:12:59 check. We believe in it. Yeah, we believe, we believe. Alright, so let’s come back to,
    1:13:04 I’m going to take a further not digression because this is just a natural conversation,
    1:13:09 but we are going to come back to feedback for direct reports. But I feel like we need a smoother
    1:13:16 off ramp. So what might make a nice off ramp from the fiction is something that is highly, highly,
    1:13:21 highly personal and nonfiction. And that is a working with me document. So I want to ask about
    1:13:25 questions that you might answer in a working with me document, you could explain what a working
    1:13:32 with me document is. And there are a number that come to mind that I have in front of me here.
    1:13:36 But perhaps you could just give a little bit of context on what a working with me document is
    1:13:43 and how it is helpful. A working with me document is basically trying to write your own user manual.
    1:13:48 And I don’t think you have to be a people manager, but I’ve come to believe it’s a best
    1:13:53 practice if you are going to be managing people to do your best to write a user manual to working
    1:13:58 with you. The idea came to me actually, I was moderating a panel at Google, Google had then
    1:14:02 involved to a point where it’s trying to celebrate management. So we’ve done this great manager award.
    1:14:08 And I was the moderator interviewing the great managers that we’d selected across several teams
    1:14:13 in front of this big room of people at Google. And I asked them, you know, you ask, what are some
    1:14:18 practices that you think have really benefited you as a manager? And one of the panelists said,
    1:14:23 well, I copied this thing that oars, and this is oars who’s who’s who’s along many, many decades
    1:14:28 at Google, I think he’s only retiring like now, who worked in infrastructure and building the servers
    1:14:34 and the like a lot of what really makes your Google results come very quickly, you can think oars.
    1:14:40 And then at Google Cloud, a lot of work, but he wrote a user manual. And this person described
    1:14:43 it. And then they went on to say they wrote one and they shared it with their team and their teams
    1:14:47 response. And I was like, I should write one like here, I am moderating this great manager panel.
    1:14:53 I haven’t done this. So like any good learner, I go back and I sort of like bang out this document.
    1:14:58 I mean, this is the thing that’s the most interesting to me in this maybe anti growth mindset. But
    1:15:04 this was probably, I don’t know, 2009, 2008, whatever, it was like many years ago. I bang out
    1:15:10 this document. And I call it the unauthorized guide because I don’t work for me. So I invited
    1:15:14 comment. I said, for those who actually have had me as a manager, like, please tell me how
    1:15:20 on base I am or not. And then I gave it actually, I had the time had this really amazing woman who
    1:15:25 had been a manager in my organization. And then she went on maternity leave and came back and asked
    1:15:29 to be my assistant. She said, I want to change sort of, I think I could be kind of a chief of staff
    1:15:33 to you. And she was very talented. And we got very close. And she worked for me for like,
    1:15:38 at least half my career at Google. And I was like, Maeve, read this, am I anywhere near like,
    1:15:43 am I on base here? You know, she was actually, she’s Irish, which is a theme somehow in my life.
    1:15:48 Like, I really bond with the Irish. And she said, well, I feel like at the end,
    1:15:53 you know, you don’t even acknowledge that you like good crack. And crack, which I’m saying
    1:15:58 wrong in Irish is like sort of kind of fun, Joe, humor. Yeah, she’s like, you know, your meetings,
    1:16:02 she said, I’ve never been in a meeting with you where we didn’t laugh at least once.
    1:16:06 That’s the kind of thing, by the way, that you don’t know, because you’re never not in a meeting
    1:16:11 with you. Right. And so I was like, Oh, that was super helpful. But I feel embarrassed that I’m
    1:16:15 like, I said, am I saying I’m funny? She’s like, no, you like a good laugh. It’s true. I’m not
    1:16:19 particularly that funny, but I really enjoy humor. Anyway, so we added a section at the end.
    1:16:22 But she said, no, I think this is pretty good. I think you should send it to the team and see
    1:16:27 what they think. But what’s amazing, Tim, is that document has not changed markedly.
    1:16:34 Since 2009 or whenever it was like 2009, it has not changed very much. And we can decide how we
    1:16:38 feel about that. But I think it’s a great exercise in self awareness. It’s a great exercise. And
    1:16:42 also sort of thinking about, okay, when I have to make a decision. So to your point, what kind of
    1:16:48 content is there? Some of it’s very tactical. It’s like, how do I like what communication channels
    1:16:54 work best for me? So how to use our one on one versus send me a Slack versus a text versus call me.
    1:16:59 In today’s world, you know that like, I literally have people that I work with. Actually, I think,
    1:17:04 you know, I work with Patrick and John Collison, the Stripe Co founders, of course, they contact
    1:17:08 me on every channel. Like, how is it that you’re texting me, what’s happening me, calling me,
    1:17:13 slacking me, rarely emailing me, actually emailing is probably like the least interesting channel to
    1:17:17 them. So you give guidance, like what are the best channels, like how to use our one on one,
    1:17:22 but also things like how do I tend to make decisions. So if you’re coming to me for a decision,
    1:17:26 here’s what you can expect. If it’s this kind of decision, how long will I need, what kind of data
    1:17:31 might I like, like I have a section in my doc, which is, I tend to be intuitive. So I’ve taken a
    1:17:35 lot of different personality assessments. And I actually don’t really spike in a lot of areas,
    1:17:41 but I spike as highly intuitive, meaning you come to me with something I intuitively have an opinion,
    1:17:46 I’m like, Oh, I think this is going to be the right thing to do. Or I think I say, I’m intuitive.
    1:17:51 And then I write dot dot dot, don’t worry, but data driven. So I’ll tell you my intuition. And
    1:17:56 then I’ll say you bring me data. So we either can validate it, or you tell me your intuition,
    1:18:01 but let’s get some data. So I don’t just get out there and start operating without any basis.
    1:18:06 But I think that you’re trying to reflect that, but I think it’s important to reflect that.
    1:18:11 Like, for example, in my first version, one thing that did change when my team read it was,
    1:18:17 I said, I’m not a mic, by the way, every manager’s like, I’m not a micromanager. It’s like a common
    1:18:20 everyone’s like, well, don’t worry, I’m not a micromanager. Unfortunately, a lot of us are.
    1:18:26 And I said, I’m not a micromanager, I will delegate, I will trust you. But if I’m concerned,
    1:18:29 you’re going to know, and I’ll get more involved. Right. And so I thought I was being pretty honest,
    1:18:33 like when I do get involved, we should have a conversation because it means I’m having an issue
    1:18:37 with trust, which means I’m not sure I’m happy with the product. So this guy who worked for me,
    1:18:41 he said, I’m not sure that you’re accurate about this. And I said, well, are you saying I’m a
    1:18:46 micromanager? And he said, well, there was this one thing and he named this project that I had
    1:18:52 delegated to him. And he’s like, then you proceeded to show up in every meeting, read every document,
    1:18:58 be in the spreadsheet. And that was, to me, felt pretty micromanagy. I was like, yeah,
    1:19:02 I bet it did feel that way. I said, I did that because that project was the first time it was
    1:19:07 like a sales compensation scheme. I was like, that’s the first time I’d ever built one. And I was
    1:19:12 really like wanting to learn. And he said, well, you never told me that. So as far as he was concerned,
    1:19:17 I showed up in every damn thing this poor guy had scheduled, and he’s supposed to be leading,
    1:19:22 and he’s supposed to make a recommendation to me. And I’m like reading all the same stuff,
    1:19:26 participating. I mean, I was looking back, I’m really embarrassed. I was like, I can’t believe
    1:19:30 I didn’t tell you, because I had full confidence in this. He was probably, by the way, better
    1:19:35 positioned than I was to build this thing. And I was counting on him, but then I went and undermined
    1:19:39 him. And so that’s why, by the way, the working with me documents also helpful is because if you
    1:19:43 have a good relationships with people you work with, they will tell you, yeah, you think you
    1:19:47 act this way, but you really don’t. So then I had to add a section about sometimes when it feels
    1:19:52 like I’m micromanaging you, it’s because I’m trying to learn the first time I’ve ever done a thing,
    1:19:57 you are going to see me hyper involved. But what we should do is establish that ahead of time. And
    1:20:01 if I don’t, please call me on it. Anyway, the point is, yeah, the working with me document
    1:20:06 became something I just shared today with anyone who starts to work with me closely. And what happens
    1:20:11 in high growth environments like Google and Stripe is like your team changes a lot. There’s new people,
    1:20:16 people’s managers change is hard. You don’t love that, but like I’ve had people come to me and say
    1:20:20 you’re my fourth manager in a year. So what are you trying to do? You’re trying to create a shortcut
    1:20:24 because there’s anxiety when we first work with someone. Well, should I call you if I have some
    1:20:29 kind of crisis? When you’re at night and Slack looks like you’re available, should I slack you
    1:20:33 stuff? Or should I wait till the next morning? Or like you’re looking for guidance, you’re looking
    1:20:36 to read the person. I’m like, just tell them. Tell them how to work with you.
    1:20:42 And then that reduces the anxiety. And ideally, they write their own manual. And then you’ve both
    1:20:46 sort of shortcut some of the get to know you stuff. So you can just jump right into working together.
    1:20:56 This is something I wanted to explore because jumping expose to something you explore at some
    1:21:01 length in your book, which I definitely recommend people check out. I underlined this a couple of
    1:21:07 times for myself because I still feel like I have room to improve here. And that is strive to make
    1:21:14 implicit structures and beliefs explicit, make the implicit explicit. And that shows up in so many
    1:21:20 different ways. It can manifest in so many different ways. And I want to stick with the working with
    1:21:26 me document for a minute. This first came to my attention because I had Dustin Moskovitz on the
    1:21:34 podcast from Facebook fame, and then certainly of Sana. And he shared his working with me document.
    1:21:40 And I’ve since seen a few versions of this. But I wanted to get your take on what might
    1:21:46 be worth adding to this list of questions. Here are a few. What do I want to be involved in?
    1:21:50 When do I want to hear from you? When you already mentioned, what are my preferred
    1:21:56 communication modes? What makes me impatient? Are there other questions that you have found
    1:22:05 helpful to address or topic areas worth including? Having seen these letters, having crafted your own
    1:22:11 working with me document. My working with me document was published in Elad Gill’s book,
    1:22:16 High Growth Handbook, and went a little bit viral, viral for Claire, not for Tim Ferriss. But still,
    1:22:23 I was shocked at how many people that I’ve never met had seen it. And I also got some criticisms
    1:22:28 on the interwebs that was very egotistical in some way. It was sort of like, here’s how you
    1:22:34 make me happy. Which I was like, okay, that’s a totally fair criticism and not the intention.
    1:22:39 By the way, I’m pretty highly empathetic. I’m trying to reduce anxiety and help people feel
    1:22:44 comfortable being honest with me, whatever. But I get it. It seems very self-absorbed.
    1:22:49 So one of the things that I’m reacting to is the question, I guess, if I were going to phrase it
    1:22:55 as a question, it would be, how do I help you make great decisions? Or how do you like to make
    1:22:59 decisions? But I think in my document, I just sort of have headers, like decision making, because
    1:23:04 I’m not, that’s why yours called it user manual, which is a very technical, like an engineer is
    1:23:08 going to be like, I’m going to write a user manual to me. And I just called it working with me.
    1:23:15 There’s a section on what types of information do you like to see? Because that’s different than
    1:23:19 how do I want to be communicated with. And it’s different than when should I get in touch with
    1:23:24 you, which is like, yeah, if there’s a crisis, get in touch with me. But there’s something in mine
    1:23:27 where I talk about the fact that if someone on your team is having a major life event,
    1:23:33 I’d like to know about it. I’d like to send them a note. I’d like to say, I’m sorry, or celebrate
    1:23:37 their child. Or I think, what types of information do you like to have? I also get really explicit
    1:23:42 about things like email protocols mean different things to people, especially in different
    1:23:48 generations. I’m sure you’ve seen this. But I used to work with someone who would send FYI
    1:23:56 and really, really feel strongly that you need to process that information and have a response.
    1:24:02 Whereas for me, I’m like, if you send me FYI. That means no response. That means for me anyway.
    1:24:08 Yeah, I can read it later. And it’s interesting, but I don’t need to respond. And I’m like,
    1:24:12 I can’t believe this. But I think I have to back to, I think you asked your guest the question
    1:24:16 of like, if you were going to have a billboard. I think the fight for me in my billboard would be,
    1:24:23 is it make the implicit explicit, or is it undermine the superstructure from within?
    1:24:27 I’m not sure. But one of those, one of those is my billboard. But the first one,
    1:24:33 I think I get the first one, making the implicit explicit is so valuable. By the way,
    1:24:37 so many, a lot of people are like, I love that your book is like so humanistic about people
    1:24:44 and how to care for, I was like, folks, my book is about getting results. I do appreciate other
    1:24:48 humans. And I love working with them, even though sometimes Patrick calls and I would be like,
    1:24:53 Oh my gosh, this is like the hardest problem. And we’d go, Oh, if there were no humans involved,
    1:24:59 it would be so cheesy. But point is, I love humans and the human condition. But I really am talking
    1:25:04 about how do you get results? And how do you get results? You get super clear and transparent
    1:25:08 about anything implicit, you make it explicit. And you’re like clear, like this is a process,
    1:25:12 we’re going to go through it to get to this outcome. And what is the outcome we want?
    1:25:16 Make it explicit. I mean, Tim, you, I think are the master of this. What are we measuring?
    1:25:21 Why are we measuring it? How will we know if we won? And I would add to that. And what process
    1:25:27 will we go through together to get there? So that no one is guessing or reading the tea leaves or
    1:25:32 wondering why another team is doing the same project, put it all on the table so that we
    1:25:38 can get to the end faster. And frankly, more inclusively, and why do I care about inclusion?
    1:25:43 Yes, inclusion is a good thing for people to feel better and included. But actually, because
    1:25:48 if you’ve hired a bunch of smart people, and yet they don’t feel included, they will not share
    1:25:52 their opinion. And the reason you hired them is because they’re smart people who bring diverse
    1:25:58 opinions. And if they won’t say them, then you’re like not really benefiting from all that work
    1:26:03 hiring them, because you want a better outcome. This is all about results. But I think it’s a
    1:26:10 little windy to get there sometimes. Yeah, totally. Until you make it explicit. I wanted to piggyback
    1:26:16 off of your Irish pattern in life and recommend a short film that I think won an Oscar. I might
    1:26:21 be making that up, but I won some slew of fancy awards. And I watched it last night, called an
    1:26:26 Irish goodbye. It’s about 20 to 23 minutes long. If I don’t Vimeo, I think you might be able to
    1:26:32 watch on YouTube as well. It is hilarious and profound and outstanding. I think based on the
    1:26:38 little that I feel like I’ve sort of felt out with our fiction love fest, I think you would
    1:26:43 really enjoy this. It is one of the better short films I’ve ever seen. It’s really good. It’s really
    1:26:49 really good. So an Irish goodbye. What is it? Little big and Irish goodbye. Start with an Irish goodbye,
    1:26:52 because then you’ll be like, wow, Tim really recommends good stuff. And then if you hate
    1:26:58 little big, at least I’ll have some redemption preemptively. Yeah, so it’s like the Moose
    1:27:03 Boosh before you try to chew on the fever dream. And I’d also say also, I’d love a good Irish
    1:27:10 goodbye. I used to find it a little offensive, but now I’m like, gosh, there’s some real beauty
    1:27:16 and just disappear. Oh, I do that all the time. I do it all the time. So email policies. I had a request
    1:27:22 from Kevin Kelly recently who’s been on the podcast and is a close friend. I asked him if I
    1:27:25 could help him with anything. We’re having a conversation. He said, well, I do have one request,
    1:27:29 and it’s not for him. It’s because he gets asked about it so much. He doesn’t have any issues
    1:27:35 with email. But he’s like, I want you to ask everyone of your guests about email policies slash
    1:27:42 rules, systems, anything that they have ended up using that they have found helpful. And I will
    1:27:48 say in advance, my assumption is that almost, well, it’s not my assumption, I’ve also run into this,
    1:27:52 even though this podcast has some of the top performing people in the world of every discipline
    1:27:58 imaginable, they all claim to kind of suck at email, they’re behind and it’s hard. So I understand
    1:28:03 that being that as it may. See, it’s a beautiful change. There we go. Be that as it may. Be that
    1:28:08 as it may. You are still going to have to answer this. Yeah. Are there any sort of email policy
    1:28:14 systems, rules, implicit things that you make explicit that you found helpful? I actually
    1:28:19 worked on Gmail right after it launched at Google and like you should think I would be like a power
    1:28:24 email organizer and I’m okay, but I’m not great. But one thing that just stuck out of my mind as
    1:28:30 you brought this up is I had a good friend who was a executive at Genentech and she rose up with
    1:28:35 Genentech as it got big and she got more and more responsibility and she told me about this leadership
    1:28:39 training they put them in Tim. Honestly, whenever I look at my inbox, I think of this training
    1:28:46 where they gave them some 30 minutes, some window, they gave them an inbox. And they were like,
    1:28:54 you need to process all this and kind of do the right things, right? Okay. And so in this inbox
    1:29:00 of like 100 emails, whatever they have 30 minutes, you have to find there’s like a massive legal
    1:29:05 issue. There’s an HR violation, but it’s like not in the headline of the subject of like an
    1:29:11 anxiety dream. Like a bunch of bombs in these messages and you have to like open them, skim
    1:29:16 them, decide you have to come back to it, right? Yeah. And I kind of was like feeling like Japanese
    1:29:21 game show. I’m like, what does show that people might want to watch? And I think there is a
    1:29:26 sector of people who might find that like really interesting to watch. So sometimes I look at my
    1:29:33 inbox and I’m like, oh my gosh, I have 30 minutes and I need to find all of the legal time bomb.
    1:29:38 But one of the things that I think I’m very good at an email is it’s a set of people in my both
    1:29:44 professional and personal life, like they get opened immediately. And I’ll open it. And if it’s
    1:29:49 by the way read FYI, I’ll read it later. I really want to make sure I mean, it’s easy. Some of these
    1:29:53 people is like easy. It’s like your kids. By the way, my kids are teenagers. They never email me.
    1:29:58 So that’s like easy. But you know, certainly if you’re the COO of a company, even if you’re not
    1:30:03 the COO anymore, if the founders of Stripe emailed me directly, I’m going to open the email pretty
    1:30:08 freaking quickly just to make sure like, you know, so it’s sort of like your boss or but I do think
    1:30:16 that some people have a methodology, which is either LIFO or FIFO lasted first out. Yeah. And I
    1:30:20 think that that’s tempting. My husband does this a little bit. It bothers me. I’m like,
    1:30:28 you have cues, which is who is it from? And is a group or is it in direct to you? And use those
    1:30:34 cues to prioritize. And so if you only have 30 minutes, you know where to start. That’s one
    1:30:38 of the things and it is a combination of the people and what’s being sent to you directly.
    1:30:42 So I think that’s like a number one rule I have that I’m pretty actually good at.
    1:30:46 So there’s certain people who feel I’m very responsive on email because I I am very responsive
    1:30:54 to them. Yeah, I’m not maybe responsive to everyone as consistently. The other is I have,
    1:30:59 this is like more of a cheat, but you’re an investor, I think, right? So I’m I’ve invested
    1:31:05 in some companies. And a lot of them send these investor newsletters or investor updates. And
    1:31:11 of course, I’m because I do have some Gmail skills. I label them. I know there’s a folder full of them.
    1:31:19 And I have every intention to him. On Friday, for like two hours, I’m going to read those investor
    1:31:26 updates. Okay. You know what? That is not correct. Sometimes when I’m on an airplane and I’m trapped,
    1:31:30 I like open and start reading them. But like, I am not reading them in a timely fashion. And I’m
    1:31:36 sorry, all the founders I’ve invested in, I’m sorry, I’m not reading your investor updates in a
    1:31:40 timely fashion. But what I’ve learned to do, and this goes back to making the implicit explicit
    1:31:46 and also to another rule I have, which is strive to set expectations with people. So now when I
    1:31:52 invest in a company, I say to them, I say, look, you may email me, I’ll give you my email. I said,
    1:31:57 I’ll give you my cell phone. I’m quite good on text, but please don’t abuse it. And if you want
    1:32:01 to WhatsApp me and not tech, whatever, either of those is going to work. And then I say to them,
    1:32:05 I want you to know, I really appreciate getting the investor updates. I will not read them in a
    1:32:11 timely fashion. I may not read them at all. If you need something from me directly, like you need
    1:32:16 help me interview this person, or I have a crowd, you should get in touch with me directly,
    1:32:21 not as like at the end of an investor email, it says, please help us hire some way to scientists.
    1:32:28 And cognitive load wise, I’m like, I have been feeling so much guilt about not reading there.
    1:32:34 By the way, they spend so much time on them. And it’s terrible sometimes. But I no longer feel
    1:32:38 guilt. I’ve told them, you must contact me directly. Set expectations. But this is actually
    1:32:42 a management lesson, which is why not this goes back to the user manual, or they’re working with
    1:32:48 Claire guide, like why not tell people, I have this habit of ignoring this kind of thing. And
    1:32:54 if you need my attention, please, you have my permission, please use it, please text me even.
    1:32:57 I mean, for these founders, they have my phone number. I’m like, if you need me,
    1:33:01 you can call me. But it’s sort of a human lesson we learn over and over again,
    1:33:05 which is we’re like, dying inside that we’re disappointing someone. And I’m like, no,
    1:33:09 just renegotiate the terms of what expectations they should have of you.
    1:33:13 How else does this renegotiating show up? This has become
    1:33:21 it’s embarrassing to say, but I’d say maybe in the last two years has become such a revelation for
    1:33:25 me in a sense, because I was thought about negotiating as the thing you did in the beginning.
    1:33:31 And I got, I think pretty good at that. And at times, though, I would have who knows, like,
    1:33:35 maybe I’ve had two glasses of wine or I had two little sleep or whatever. And I would agree to
    1:33:39 these things. And then later I’d look at my calendar. And my blood pressure would go up
    1:33:46 being a 30 points, because I felt trapped by these commitments that I made when I was compromised or
    1:33:54 rushed or lazy fill in the blank. And this renegotiating has become an invisible option
    1:33:59 made visible for me in the last two years. Could you talk a little bit more about how
    1:34:06 you have used that in your life, personal or professional, how that shows up like examples
    1:34:09 would be really helpful here. So people can really get a grasp on it.
    1:34:13 I’m having like almost a physical reaction to relating to you about this calendar. It’s
    1:34:18 like your past self. I used to say, oh my gosh, I just milled myself a letter bomb.
    1:34:23 So one is, of course, we all strive to improve, which is do not make a decision in the moment
    1:34:30 about a time or a commitment of resources or time without trying to project your future self.
    1:34:33 But of course, we all do because you’re right, we’re rushed, we’re trying to be responsive,
    1:34:37 we’re trying to move through our inbox, by the way, because we’ve only got 30 minutes,
    1:34:39 so we might fail the corporate training test.
    1:34:41 Or the Japanese TV show, I don’t want to come in last.
    1:34:46 Yeah. So one thing is trying to be better about projecting. And I also had a friend
    1:34:50 who’s like a very kind of spiritually in touch person. And she said,
    1:34:57 when something is requested of you, she said, you need to sometimes listen for the quiet no.
    1:34:59 Can you say that one more time?
    1:35:03 So she said, when something’s requested of you, a person, I mean, she’s like sort of like,
    1:35:09 sometimes your reaction is, wow, yes, right? You’ve had this. I mean, hey, Tim Ferriss asked
    1:35:15 me to be on his podcast. I was like, yes, emphatically, that is something I want to do.
    1:35:20 That is easy. My future self is very happy to be, my past and future selves are very happy
    1:35:26 to be here. But often we get a request, you have this experience and you’re looking at it.
    1:35:33 And she says, listen for the quiet no. Because we are often feel like we have to say yes.
    1:35:37 And her trick is, and I know this wasn’t the question you asked me, which I will answer,
    1:35:38 but her trick is-
    1:35:41 These are really closely related. I’m so interested in this.
    1:35:41 Yeah.
    1:35:46 I think they are. Do not respond immediately. Because we often feel, I mean, if you’re someone
    1:35:50 who prides yourself on being decisive and responsive and empathetic as I do,
    1:35:56 I feel like, well, they asked me to be on this panel at this important conference or whatever.
    1:36:00 And I’m like, I’ve learned that my response in fact should be,
    1:36:04 when do you need to know whether or not I can be on this panel?
    1:36:09 Or I’ll even say, I need two weeks to get back to you about whether I can be on this panel.
    1:36:15 Because if I don’t give myself some space, I will do yes instead of the quiet no.
    1:36:21 Because I didn’t give myself time to really think about, is this my priority? Should I spend my time?
    1:36:26 Oh my gosh, I have to fly to the city. Like you have to really think. So I think
    1:36:31 when you are renegotiating, so I’m proud of you that you found this as a skill. And by the way,
    1:36:36 I have the same problem. I had a delayed travel earlier this week, and I was looking at my next
    1:36:40 day, and I was thinking, well, I am going to get home, but I’m going to get home at like now two
    1:36:45 in the morning. And then I looked at it, and I was like, I should not even be doing that stuff.
    1:36:49 I was like, why did I even agree to go into Boston and have lunch with this person and then talk to
    1:36:55 this other person. And so I was like, I am going to renegotiate those commitments. I don’t even have
    1:37:01 to say that I was delayed. So it’s a good skill. But what I look for is a pattern, a pattern of
    1:37:05 why am I renegotiating this stuff. It means I’m not making the right decision in the first place.
    1:37:11 So I listen for the quiet no. But if I find myself renegotiating, it is often about, yeah,
    1:37:17 commitments I’ve made. Commitments, especially of time. My mom was a very talented, apparently
    1:37:22 mathematician in college, and my mom went to Harvard, well, Radcliffe then. But I think it was
    1:37:30 pretty rare for a woman to be like a star in the math department. And she decided to go get her PhD
    1:37:37 in history and to major in history. And I said, why did you switch? Why did you make the switch?
    1:37:45 And she said, I realized that there is a trade-off that most people find themselves making between
    1:37:53 money and time. And she said, I knew that if I prioritized math, it would likely lead to a more
    1:37:58 lucrative career. By the way, my mom was like, out there, she was going to work, and she did,
    1:38:01 and she was going to have kids and work. But she was like, it would lead to a more lucrative career,
    1:38:06 but I would not have time. So I decided to become, she became an academic. She got her PhD. She
    1:38:11 became a professor. And why? Because professors have more control over their time. And they have
    1:38:15 the summers off. And they have time to think and write. And that’s what she knew she wanted,
    1:38:20 which by the way is pretty aware for like a 19 or 20 year old to realize you’re going to trade
    1:38:26 money and time. I think it’s Peter Thiel, who says people don’t value their time highly enough.
    1:38:32 They just don’t get, every hour is costing you something. And I’ve taken me so long to come
    1:38:36 to this point where I’m like, oh my gosh, I just threw away and said, sure, I’ll meet with you
    1:38:42 to give you advice about that thing. And I’m like, oh, so I’ve become less responsive on email
    1:38:52 because I am trying to stop myself from mortgaging my time. You may or may not have had the same
    1:38:58 experience. But all right, here’s an example, you’re looking for concrete. I have a woman who I
    1:39:03 highly value personally in my life. She’s a founder. And she asked me to be on her board.
    1:39:08 By the way, to stop myself from saying yes to stuff, I make rules. I made a rule. I was like,
    1:39:11 no more boards. I also have a rule about travel right now. I’m like, my daughter’s going to
    1:39:16 college soon, no more travel unless it meets these criteria, because I want to be home. Of
    1:39:19 course, she doesn’t want to hang out with me, but I want to hang out with her.
    1:39:23 What are the criteria to study curiosity? Could be just a few examples.
    1:39:28 Really important to Stripe. I still actually work part-time for Stripe and they get bids on my time.
    1:39:32 And if Stripe said the most important thing you can do for Stripe is go to, this happened to me
    1:39:38 recently, go to Helsinki to slush to this conference. I was like, fine, I will do it.
    1:39:42 I will go to Helsinki for Stripe. And by the way, I had a great time and I met a great number of
    1:39:47 founders and it was actually a blast. So is it important to Stripe? Is it a personal connection
    1:39:54 that is meaningful to me that is asking of my time treasure talents? My criteria is not to
    1:40:00 say yes to default, but it is to number one, is there a way I could do it that is less friction?
    1:40:07 As in, am I flying to California anyway? Therefore, I can do that commitment if I bundle it. So can I
    1:40:12 control when it is? And if I can control when it is and it’s a personal connection that’s meaningful
    1:40:16 to me, I will make it happen, but it will not happen quickly. But if it’s not something I can
    1:40:22 control where and when it is, then I have a subset of criteria of like, but I often will say like,
    1:40:26 could this thing, maybe it’s a conference, can I do this next year and get back to you later?
    1:40:32 So I can actually think for a minute. A lot of it is buying time. But I have these rules
    1:40:36 about things because it stops me. So I said to her, I said, I have made a commitment to myself
    1:40:41 that I will not join another board. And she, because she’s a talented founder, she’s persistent.
    1:40:45 And she said, why don’t you just come and be an observer? Why don’t you just come to, I know,
    1:40:50 I know, come to the board meeting. And then she told me why she really needed help in this particular
    1:40:55 moment. And there was a situation where having someone who was sort of a friendly, who was neutral
    1:41:00 in the room was going to be valuable. So I said, okay, I will come, but I will not,
    1:41:03 like I really want to set your expectations right back. I was like, I am not, this is not
    1:41:08 going to reel me in. I’m not going to join the board. And I did go and she actually convinced
    1:41:12 someone else. And the two of us went and we actually, I think helped her through a particular
    1:41:18 moment by being sort of board participants. But then she said, I’d like you to come to every,
    1:41:21 you know, first every board meeting. And I said, I don’t think I can commit to that,
    1:41:27 but I can try when it’s virtual. And if it’s in person, I’m pretty sure I won’t, but you can
    1:41:33 invite me. And I went to a couple, I did pretty well. And then I started to look at my calendar.
    1:41:39 And I was like, I can’t do this. I can’t even take three, four hours. And so I needed to renegotiate
    1:41:44 it. There’s a quote that I have in my book that that people find, I think the most compelling
    1:41:50 line in the book. And I keep having to remind them it is not my line. Yeah, I know this problem
    1:41:54 where I’m like, no, no, no, no, no, don’t attribute it to me. That was Mark Twain or whatever.
    1:42:00 Exactly. Exactly. The line is from Ron Heifetz or Marty Linsky. These are the adaptive leadership
    1:42:05 guys who do the balcony and the dance floor analogy. And it is leadership is disappointing
    1:42:10 people at a rate that they can absorb. Yeah. I had that line underlined. It’s very catchy.
    1:42:14 Because it really makes you think and it’s kind of dark too. Yeah. What does that mean in like
    1:42:19 concrete terms? Yeah. And then I’m not going to let go of the renegotiating because I’m going to
    1:42:23 come back to that. I want to ask you about phrasing and wording that you use. But let’s
    1:42:27 talk about leadership and disappointing people. Well, I think one of the ways that leaders
    1:42:33 disappoint people is their time. You don’t have unlimited time. You’re the CEO of a company.
    1:42:38 There’s no way you’re going to be at all the things or do all the things. But the key is how
    1:42:44 do you create enough leadership buy-in that people understand? And also you get a little bit of
    1:42:48 forgiveness when you’re the CEO, I think. But leadership is disappointing people at a rate
    1:42:54 that can absorb. To me, it’s about management is very knowable. It’s like, how do I get from
    1:42:59 point A to point B? What people do I need? What’s the scope? How are we going to measure it? Here’s
    1:43:03 the project plan. Here’s the milestones. Here’s the talents I need. And now I’m going to deploy
    1:43:11 and delegate. And I think leadership is very unknowable because it is essentially having a
    1:43:17 vision and idea, a goal that you haven’t even fully understood yourself, right, often? Yeah.
    1:43:23 It’s like, we’re going to climb this mountain that no one has ever climbed before, by the way.
    1:43:29 And you have to be really convincing to build followership. You’re painting a picture of the
    1:43:36 top of that mountain, man. And it is awesome. And the climb is going to be really challenging,
    1:43:42 but really rewarding. And you are going to get on that journey with those people. And you are
    1:43:47 going to be wrong about a lot of what you just said, right? No, actually, it wasn’t as easy up the
    1:43:54 south face as we thought it was. Yes, we did actually need special equipment. I mean, come on.
    1:43:58 You don’t even know how you’re going to get up there. The analogy that’s more concrete that I
    1:44:05 use is, I came into Stripe and look, it’s a product that has people’s money. And you need to have
    1:44:11 good support experiences when something is wrong with any kind of payment. I’m expecting money.
    1:44:16 I’m trying to take money. I’m moving money. There’s a high expectation. And Patrick is like,
    1:44:22 we need to build 24/7 global support. We had really good ambitions. And by the way,
    1:44:29 I want to be clear. One of the things that Stripe has as a value is to be users first. It is always
    1:44:34 our most important operating principle. It is actually deeply in the culture of the company.
    1:44:38 So much so, Tim, that when the support team would get behind, the entire company
    1:44:45 would stop and answer support emails. And so, this was becoming an existential problem because
    1:44:50 we had to do engineering work and other work to build the company. But we were ending up on
    1:44:56 Fridays before the weekend because you want to get back to people quickly answering support tickets.
    1:45:00 By the way, you hit product market fit. You get traction. This is a super normal problem.
    1:45:04 But it is not great because the product is people’s money. It’s a quality problem,
    1:45:07 but it’s a problem nonetheless. And so, Patrick is like, look,
    1:45:12 we need to have this 24/7. And I had to get up as the leader and say, I will build this.
    1:45:17 And I had built similar things for Google. So, I wasn’t completely describing the mountain I’d
    1:45:24 never seen. But I certainly didn’t join Google when it was only 160 people with 21 support people.
    1:45:30 And I was like, we are now going to do a set of things to solve this. And it took me a few years
    1:45:35 and it’s not perfect. And it involved hiring very talented people. I don’t get credit for
    1:45:42 what we built. But I still look back on that and I say, I can’t believe I declared that I would get
    1:45:46 it done. And I didn’t have a plan because I’m more of a manager. I’m more of like, I need to have a
    1:45:50 clear plan on how I’m going to get this done. Instead, I was like, yep, we’re going to have it.
    1:45:57 Public announcement. And I mean, Patrick kind of pushed me there. But I was like, this is uncomfortable.
    1:46:01 And I’ll tell you, I did disappoint. Did I deliver it by the end of that year? Oh, no, Tim,
    1:46:04 I did not deliver it by the end of that first year. Like, let’s not kid ourselves.
    1:46:11 I disappointed. But I did figure out a way to do it. And I think people followed me. They
    1:46:15 kept following me. They kept believing we were going to do it, which is some combination of me
    1:46:20 being authentic, I think, me being honest about where we were, me having a plan eventually,
    1:46:25 me demonstrating that it mattered, whatever. So I think that’s what it means is like,
    1:46:29 you will not live up to everything you said, all the expectations of you,
    1:46:36 with your time, with your ideas. We’re all humans. We’re not perfect. And we’re not
    1:46:41 fortune tellers. I’m not a fortune teller. So this ties into the renegotiating, actually,
    1:46:47 pretty well, because there are many different species of renegotiating. One was, you gave an
    1:46:51 example very early on in the conversation, when Lucy was getting thrown under the bus,
    1:46:59 the dog ate my homework situation. And then we segmented from that to the player versus victim.
    1:47:03 And the player would say, you know what, you’re right. I committed to get this to you by 5pm.
    1:47:08 I didn’t. And because this emergency popped up, and I didn’t let you know, I should let you know
    1:47:16 how about 5pm tomorrow, or whatever the example was, renegotiations. So in this particular example,
    1:47:21 when it becomes clear to you that by whatever deadline had been agreed, you are not going to
    1:47:25 be able to deliver what you’re going to hope to deliver. What does that conversation look like?
    1:47:30 I mean, it’s not exactly semiotics, but I know you like language, and I know you consume a lot
    1:47:36 of language. So what is the language that you use to have that conversation, whether it’s verbal
    1:47:41 or in email? I think you made the connection, and then you didn’t finish making a connection,
    1:47:46 but it is so easy to sound like a victim when you are facing this kind of a situation. And if
    1:47:50 you’re someone who prides themselves on being a player, on taking ownership, and you’ve made this
    1:47:56 commitment, and you’re like, oh my gosh, there’s no way I’m either coming to that meeting or
    1:48:02 delivering 24/7 global support in six months. And so what does it look like? I think what it looks
    1:48:08 like, the first thing I did that was probably the smartest thing I did when I joined Stripe was I
    1:48:14 listened, and I did my first 90 days, and I talked to everybody, and I heard sort of here’s priorities,
    1:48:18 here’s what people need, here’s what need my attention. And then I sat down with Patrick,
    1:48:22 and I said, I’m hearing these four things. One of them was the support thing, by the way,
    1:48:29 that really need my attention. And I am going to rank them, and then I want you to see my ranking,
    1:48:34 and I want to agree on my level of priority. I said, because I can’t make meaningful progress on four
    1:48:42 things at once, I can maybe keep, and I actually predicted in that moment, I said, because we had
    1:48:46 to build sales, we had to build recruiting, we had some internal operational stuff that
    1:48:52 needed to be fixed, and then we had this support smoldering fire. And I said, I think I actually
    1:48:58 need to build sales and recruiting ahead of fixing support. But I predict support is going to
    1:49:03 implode within the next six months. And at that point, you were COO. Is that right?
    1:49:07 I was COO. I was actually hired as Chief of Business Operations, and then I became,
    1:49:11 we just swapped titles with someone else, but it’s a long story. But yes, I was basically COO.
    1:49:16 And remember, we’re users first. This was a painful, because we were also not getting back
    1:49:21 to sales leads though, Tim. I was like, I’m also here to build some revenue. I’m here to build,
    1:49:25 go to market, and I’m here to deliver some revenue for this company. And I’m like,
    1:49:29 we have this other thing where we’re not getting back to our prospects. And so,
    1:49:34 it was a very Sophie’s choice kind of moment, honestly. Oh, and then we couldn’t hire people
    1:49:38 to build the company, so we couldn’t get back to sales leads. This is normal, by the way,
    1:49:43 this happens, and especially for people like me coming into that kind of opportunity. But what
    1:49:47 I loved about that conversation was Patrick was, one, first of all, supportive. He was like, great,
    1:49:52 this is good for us to talk out now. And then he had to admit, he’s like, I can’t believe I’m
    1:49:57 doing this, but I agree, you’re not going to fix support in the first six months. We made an
    1:50:04 agreement. And then, by the way, Tim, four months in, complete explosion. And I was thinking in my
    1:50:08 head, thank goodness, this goes back to expectation setting. I’m like, thank goodness, I said out
    1:50:12 loud that I thought it was going to explode. And then, I mean, by the way, it’s still terrible.
    1:50:16 I was so sad. I was like, oh my gosh, I had to go then put it at the top of the priority list,
    1:50:22 basically. But I had at least four months to build some other things. Point is, one is try to set
    1:50:27 the priorities, align on them, and set expectations ahead of time. Even if you haven’t done that,
    1:50:29 you’re going to reach a moment where you’re like, there’s no way we’re going to the top of this
    1:50:37 mountain. And so what you try to do is not come up and make a bunch of excuses. So what I, I think
    1:50:42 I did in those moments, we had written public goals in the company, we had plans, and I just
    1:50:46 want to be clear, none of the plans, this is where when you’re working with founders, maybe this is
    1:50:51 a side, what do you call them side quests? This is a little bit of a side quest. Love side quests.
    1:50:57 When you’re working with founders, people describe this reality distortion experience,
    1:51:03 which often is more that they have a version of reality. And they’re like, no, no, no, we can ship
    1:51:08 the iPhone in five minutes or whatever, you know, and like everyone’s like, yes, Steve, yes, we can.
    1:51:14 Right. There’s another version of reality distortion I find, which is you can fix that
    1:51:18 thing in five minutes. It’s now a joke between Patrick and I, because he’ll be like, yeah,
    1:51:24 we could just like code that up. And I say in five minutes, you know, it’s not five minutes.
    1:51:30 So we had a consistent conflict where I would say to him, no, that mountain is not going to be
    1:51:34 climbed by the end of this year. I never actually said I was going to build that thing by the end
    1:51:39 of the year. And he refused to hear it. He was like, no, it really needs to be the goal.
    1:51:46 This actually needs to be the goal. Be that as it may, Claire. Yeah, be that as it may, Claire.
    1:51:53 I’m making it your goal. And I was like, okay, under duress, I am going to like take this goal
    1:51:59 and try to put some language in it. I mean, I’m going to get a red, right? Whatever on your,
    1:52:04 I mean, that doesn’t feel good. This is the other thing. It’s beneficial to walk into a situation
    1:52:10 like that after some amount of career success, so that you have some amount of self actualization.
    1:52:14 So I was like, luckily, my whole identity is not tied up in this goal, because I would have been
    1:52:18 destroyed. I would have really lost confidence. By the way, a lot of leaders you hire into a
    1:52:24 startup environment end up losing confidence just because you’re getting pummeled, totally pummeled.
    1:52:28 And like, you need to sort of be like, no, no, no, I have identity outside of the success of this
    1:52:31 moment. But I was like, all right, I’m going to publicly get up in front of the company and
    1:52:36 have failed on this goal. But we disagree. We agreed to disagree that this is possible.
    1:52:41 What’s also funny, though, is I was like, I think he really believed it was possible and he’s very
    1:52:45 smart. And of course, then I’m going home, I’m like driving home at night. I’m like, has he ever
    1:52:51 built anything like this? No, why am I even listening to them? But they reality distort you
    1:52:55 into thinking, yes, it’s completely possible. Like, I don’t know how I got fooled. But what I did
    1:52:59 sort of commit to myself is like, I have to make meaningful progress. So what are some of the
    1:53:04 milestones we can point to? So what you do is you go in and you say, well, I was not convinced
    1:53:10 this was the right goal. But I agreed to it. Here are the milestones that I’m glad we hit. So you
    1:53:13 kind of don’t forget to point out you made progress. I think sometimes people get defense,
    1:53:17 they’re like, I don’t want to be defensive. But you have to be like, look, it’s like nothing happened.
    1:53:23 And then you try to be data driven. And what I think, because this is where the context matters,
    1:53:29 Stripes founders and Stripes culture is very learning oriented. Very, very, more so than
    1:53:35 almost maybe any startup I’ve come across. Yes. At an early stage too. Yes. So think about the
    1:53:40 cultural context you’re in. What did we learn? What did we not know? And what did we learn
    1:53:45 trying to get there on this goal? What did I learn? And by the way, some of them are mistakes I made.
    1:53:50 And so try to be humble. Stripes is also very humble culture. Say, here’s some things I thought
    1:53:53 I knew. By the way, I thought I did know. I was like, we were going to outsource certain things
    1:53:58 that I thought was going to be easier than it was. And that is true. And here’s what I learned.
    1:54:01 Here’s what I thought. Here’s what the truth was. Here’s what I learned. Here’s now what we’re
    1:54:05 going to do differently. And by the way, everyone’s nodding in the room, because they’re like, cool,
    1:54:10 cool. We had a plan. We tried it. I mean, they’re engineers. They know it like did not work the way
    1:54:15 we thought it was going to work. We’re going to try this other thing. So you basically do a retro
    1:54:20 postmortem, whatever you want to call it, sort of publicly in front of everyone in the language
    1:54:26 they like speaking. So the language stripe like speaking is learning. I made mistakes. What am
    1:54:31 I doing differently? What do I see next? How are we going to get there now? You know what I mean?
    1:54:37 Like it’s I’m confident, but humbled by this experience. And I’ve learned a lot. And here’s
    1:54:41 some data that shows we have made some progress because that also people want to make sure like,
    1:54:45 are we actually know what we’re doing? So that’s what you do. And I think it depends on your context
    1:54:51 instead of what language do you speak. So that is a big example. And that is, I think, a very
    1:55:00 effective way to, as a player, offer a miacopa in a way. Yeah. Yeah. At that point then. And this
    1:55:06 may be if this is going to require a dissertation, then tell me and I can read jig. But how did you
    1:55:12 decide to scope the thing and then make a counter offer effectively? Or was that even your decision
    1:55:16 to make? I don’t know. In terms of like, okay, we’ve learned these things. These were some
    1:55:22 assumptions. And then leading into the kind of now what? I won’t do the dissertation version, Tim,
    1:55:27 but I will tell you one bind I found myself in consistently that I’m sure you have also
    1:55:33 is it’s a talent bind, which is I can only do so many things at once individually me alone.
    1:55:38 And I did feel like a victim, I’m going to be honest, because I had been trying to hire someone,
    1:55:44 I had hired someone they hadn’t worked out, partly my fault, partly not my fault. And I’m in a meeting,
    1:55:48 this happened so many times, but I’m talking to Patrick and I’m like, look, we know so and so
    1:55:55 didn’t work out. Here’s what happened with that. We now have face a choice, which is you have Claire
    1:56:00 as a resource me alone. Am I going to go lead support directly? Like, am I going to go start
    1:56:06 building this thing with all my most of my time? And what is the opportunity cost of that? What is
    1:56:11 the tradeoff of me not leading sales? By the way, at that moment, which I was also leading. And this
    1:56:15 is where I fell into a trap because I had like a few too many needing to clone myself problems.
    1:56:20 And this happens when you’re growing quickly, but it’s still I got into an egregious case of
    1:56:26 needing cloning. Then we’re having a renegotiation conversation, not even a reasonable case of
    1:56:31 needing cloning egregious. It was egregious. It was egregious. There was one point where I mean,
    1:56:35 I think it’s important that people, especially because they seem to think I have some like
    1:56:40 storied career. I’m like, there was a moment where I had taken a former colleague from Google who I
    1:56:45 was admittedly, I’ll be honest, was trying to recruit to strike out for a coffee. You’re just
    1:56:51 going to be a board observer. Just come once. Yeah, right. Exactly. Exactly. And he says to me,
    1:56:55 he used to actually work for me and he knew how much I pride myself on good management practices.
    1:57:00 And he asked me, how many direct reports do you have? And I told him, and he almost like,
    1:57:04 I had to peel him off the ground. He’s like, I can’t believe you let that happen to you.
    1:57:08 He was like, what happened to the Claire Johnson? Then I know, I’m like, I know, I’m so sorry.
    1:57:14 Like I had so many direct reports. How many direct reports? It was a crime. At peak. I think the
    1:57:19 peak, I want to say the peak two was 23, but it might have been 27. And I just like lost control
    1:57:26 of, I really don’t. Tim, I didn’t want to go here. I didn’t want to go here. It’s so many
    1:57:32 one-on-ones. And of course, I do actually make one-on-ones happen. So point is, I got schooled
    1:57:38 by my former direct report for violating my own rules in the need for cloning. But the point is,
    1:57:47 the negotiation turns from we’re negotiating you getting this massive goal done to what’s the
    1:57:53 cost of me getting that goal done for the other priorities. And then you’re making a joint
    1:57:58 decision. By the way, the outcome of that negotiation could have been, let’s not build out
    1:58:03 sales any further. Let’s not keep internationalizing. Let’s not open new markets. Let’s wait on those
    1:58:08 other things because we decided you should just go and be the directly the head of support.
    1:58:14 Honestly, that was not where the conversation went. It was like, okay, what creative ideas
    1:58:21 do we have to somehow do both because we’re reality distorting? That’s fine. But actually,
    1:58:26 you got to push yourself. And so I think in that exact moment, if I’m remembering the scenario,
    1:58:30 we talked about some talented people I had hired, some people into the org,
    1:58:38 who were like, could we lean on them? Could we put some newer leaders, managers into the deep end
    1:58:44 and get them to take on more of this plan? And in the end, that was part of the solution,
    1:58:49 which is, let’s take some risks with some people we have, give them more than they probably are
    1:58:54 ready for and see if they can swim, which I’m not always a fan of because I have seen people
    1:58:59 not make it out of the pool. By the way, a lot of young companies find themselves in that situation.
    1:59:04 And if you have great hiring, which we did, I’m proud to say that actually that’s where
    1:59:08 opportunities and magic can happen for people. I’m going to get to build out the global support
    1:59:13 org. But anyway, so we ended up sort of compromising, but we weren’t going to trade off my other
    1:59:18 responsibilities. And that became a more important discussion about how do I deploy? Anyone who’s
    1:59:23 the CEO has got to be thinking, well, who are my most important resources and how am I deploying
    1:59:28 them against the most important priorities? So take the negotiation up to that level would
    1:59:36 be my advice. That’s a great macro renegotiation example. And we’re not going to stay on this
    1:59:41 forever, but I want to spend a little, little, little more time on it when you’re renegotiating
    1:59:46 the next day. So we’re moving down to the micro here. What language do you use? Like you have a
    1:59:50 meeting booked, you got a lunch booked in Boston, you got this, you got that. And the other thing,
    1:59:56 when you reach out to these folks, what do you say? I think you want to, again, be a player,
    2:00:03 not a victim, and you got to take responsibility. So I think there is a version of saying,
    2:00:07 I don’t love if it’s the next day, that’s rough. Yeah, it could be the next week too,
    2:00:12 right? It’s just broadly speaking. I do actually tend to look at my calendar at least a week ahead
    2:00:16 and sort of start renegotiating because I don’t like to be the one who’s like the morning of or
    2:00:23 the day before. But I think you sort of own it, whether this is an email, it’s probably an email,
    2:00:29 it might be a text and you say, first of all, I am very sorry. I know we had time tomorrow
    2:00:34 on the calendar. I am staring at a list of priorities and I’ve realized you’re saying
    2:00:38 something that doesn’t hopefully make them feel diminished. I mean, I often will tell them there’s
    2:00:44 this thing. I am on this board in the middle of a transaction and I have to be on a phone call for
    2:00:49 four hours tomorrow. And unfortunately, I think I need some time to prep. I need some time to prep
    2:00:54 and I booked our lunch and it’s not realistic. I’m not going to be able to be present
    2:00:59 at that lunch. It’s not great. I try to give like, I’m probably overcontext people,
    2:01:04 but I think it makes you more human. It’s like, look, I did this thing. I’m sorry.
    2:01:08 What if you don’t have like a house fire at a point too? What if you just look at it and you’re
    2:01:13 like, oh, you’re like, you’re not important. Yeah, I mean, you get it. Like, you’re like, why did I
    2:01:18 agree to why did I mail myself the letter bomb? Yeah, there goes to Christmas past is coming to
    2:01:23 scratch my door and I’m realizing I don’t want to moderate this panel in Tuscaloosa. No offense
    2:01:27 to Tuscaloosa, but you get the idea because I’ve got all this other stuff going on and I just don’t
    2:01:32 want to spend the energy. Yeah. What do you do in a case like that? So again, I try not to be the
    2:01:35 day before. Sure. No, let’s say you look out and you’re like, okay, this thing isn’t two weeks.
    2:01:41 I’m not doing this thing. Yeah. So my instinct is always to offer context and be a little bit
    2:01:46 vulnerable, which maybe is not expected. I think you also know there’s a, I think women will get
    2:01:52 judged more for certain things. And in particular, like not being conscientious is the thing that
    2:02:00 gets a little more beaten into you is my feeling as a woman. And so you have to also watch out for
    2:02:06 creating some reputational issue that I think maybe not everyone has to watch out for. So maybe some
    2:02:12 of my instinct to offer more information is to like try to avoid that hit. But I’ve been saying
    2:02:20 to people recently actually that I have reworked my personal priorities and the demands of my time
    2:02:26 are higher than I’ve actually seen in my professional life, which is true. And I have realized that I
    2:02:34 cannot do a good job of some of the commitments I’ve made. And unfortunately, I can’t travel
    2:02:39 and be on this panel and be effective for you. And this is where I feel sometimes I’m a little
    2:02:43 weak. I’ll try to offer, I mean, I try to think, do I know anyone locally who could do that? I’ll
    2:02:48 be like, I think I have an idea if you want an idea on someone who could sub in. Like I’ll try to
    2:02:53 find some solution for them if I’m really leaving them in the lurch, right? Because I don’t love
    2:02:59 that. But I kind of am just honest about like, I can’t do this well. And I think you want someone
    2:03:04 at their best. It’s not going to be my best. Yeah, that’s good language. That’s really good
    2:03:08 language. I’m not going to drag us back into the swamp of selling literature, but it’s good
    2:03:12 language. That’s good word smithing, right? Right. And I think you’re showing, look, I looked at
    2:03:17 priorities. I realized, and also you’re showing context, which is this is true statement. I’m
    2:03:23 like, I have more demands on my time than I’ve ever had in my life. And I’m learning to cope with it.
    2:03:28 And I’m learning that I can’t perform at the level I’d like to perform. And I don’t want you to
    2:03:32 suffer for that. You want to show respect for people. They want a good panel. They want your
    2:03:37 best. You know, you’re saying like, please, just you have to trust me, I’m not going to be great.
    2:03:42 And they’ll be disappointed. One thing that I do think, I think Cheryl’s an example of this,
    2:03:46 they’re people I’ve come to respect. They’re the people who protect their time,
    2:03:49 like demons, right? The other people I’ve come to respect are the people who are like,
    2:03:55 very comfortable just saying no. You know what? No, I’m sorry, I can’t do that. My hope for myself,
    2:04:00 my future self is I am not in the situation where I’m doing that renegotiation. Again,
    2:04:05 it goes back to being honest, taking time before you make the commitment to saying no.
    2:04:09 But it’s also with investments. Like a lot of founders will be like, or even nonprofits,
    2:04:12 they come and they’re like, I want to tell you about our organization. And you’re like,
    2:04:17 oh, that organization sounds amazing. But then do you want to waste an hour of your time and their
    2:04:22 time learning about it when you realize, I don’t have time to commit a lot to this organization?
    2:04:28 What they would rather have is one, no, it’s not on my list of causes that I support. Or by the way,
    2:04:32 two, I will give you X amount of money. You never have to meet with me. I don’t actually have time,
    2:04:37 but it sounds good. Here’s some money. Goodbye. And they’ll say, well, can you make that commitment
    2:04:42 for multiple years in a row? Maybe, maybe not. But I think getting faster at like, there’s a pattern
    2:04:47 here, which is you want my money and my time. Am I willing to give any money or time? Yes,
    2:04:52 no. If I’m willing to get a little bit, just tell them and get out. Don’t have a dog and pony show
    2:04:57 about it. Or investments. I just don’t really invest in a lot of B2C. I’ll just write back and say,
    2:05:02 this is not for me. I don’t really do B2C. Good luck. And they’re like, thank you,
    2:05:05 because they didn’t waste their time sending you a deck, sending you, you know.
    2:05:10 Yeah, they’re not chasing the Glengarry leads. Right. And so you think you’re being an empath
    2:05:15 by saying, oh, let me hear your story. This is my trap. My personal trap is,
    2:05:20 I think I’m being an empath, giving them 30 minutes. Let me hear your story. And in fact,
    2:05:24 the empathic thing to do is to say, I’m going to do a probability assessment. The chance that
    2:05:32 I’m going to invest/make a donation are sub 5%. No. No for you. No for me. And you don’t have to
    2:05:35 think about it ever again. You don’t have to email me tomorrow and ask me again, right? Like,
    2:05:41 they’re going to keep coming back. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. I love that. I’m so glad I asked.
    2:05:47 And a great answer. Also, very useful, useful answer. What are some other rules we are going
    2:05:54 to back the car into the garage of self-awareness? Because a lot of this pulls at the hem of
    2:05:57 self-awareness from a bunch of different directions. But you mentioned that there are
    2:06:05 certain rules you have because your kid is going off to college and therefore X, Y, and Z.
    2:06:10 What are some of the other rules that you have for yourself around what you will or will not do?
    2:06:16 Well, I have a rule. This is more of just a self-awareness. I do get intuitive and I do jump
    2:06:21 to sort of judgments, conclusions, solutions quickly. So I have a rule that, like, especially
    2:06:25 if I’m in a position of leadership and I’m in a meeting and there’s other people,
    2:06:30 instead of stating my opinion, I have to ask a question. Because if you’re the senior person
    2:06:35 and you state your opinion, like, the whole thing is over. Yeah, right. Yes, Steve, we can ship it
    2:06:42 in five minutes. Uh-huh, exactly. Here’s an iPhone. So that’s a rule. Could you give an example of what
    2:06:49 that would, because you could also ask a question in a way that makes it clear. It’s your strong
    2:06:55 opinion, right? So what might that look like? So what it looks like is they’re kind of looking
    2:06:59 to you. You know, I think we need to actually, you’re like looking at you and you say,
    2:07:05 I have a thought. I do. I’ll share it. But actually, I’m interested in what you all think we should do.
    2:07:10 Got it. You know, like, I want to learn from your thought before I share mine. You know,
    2:07:13 and that’s, by the way, the benefit of seniority is you can be like, no, I’m not going to like.
    2:07:18 I appreciate and refuse to ask you a question. I’m not going to perform right now. I will perform
    2:07:23 later because I actually want you to participate. I’m often now in a position of sort of coaching
    2:07:28 leaders. And because I’m more of an operator, not a professional coach, I have the same problem.
    2:07:32 I’ll be like, oh my God, this is obvious. Like, here’s what you’re going to do. And then I think,
    2:07:36 no, no, no, no, no. So I’ll say to them, all right, give me the bones of the situation.
    2:07:41 And then I’ll start to tell them what I think. And I’m like, no. And I’ll say, you know what?
    2:07:46 And I totally commentate. I’m like a sports color commentator. I’m like, I was about to jump in
    2:07:51 and tell you exactly what I would do if I were you. And they’re at the edge of their seat because
    2:07:54 that’s what they came for. Like, that’s what they want. And I say, we’re not going to learn from
    2:07:59 that. What I want you to do is tell me your instinct. What is it you think you’re doing next?
    2:08:02 And I don’t even say, give me the whole answer. I’m like, what would you do next? Because it’s
    2:08:07 often a situation there’s an executive they think is underperforming. There’s a team off the rails,
    2:08:12 whatever. I’m like, what are you going to do next? Then I get them talking. And then I sort of get
    2:08:16 out from them. And I’ll tell you to him most of this. I mean, there’s a reason these people are
    2:08:21 leaders. Most of the time, they’re like 80% of the way there. They’re just not confident in their
    2:08:28 instinct. And so my job is not to tell them what to do or how to do it. It is to build their confidence
    2:08:34 in their instinct. And then, yeah, we can brainstorm the last 20%. And I mean, it’s just like,
    2:08:39 this is a total digression, but good pedagogy, right? Like, how do people learn? People do not
    2:08:45 learn by being told answers. We all know this. But yet, we get some amount of experience in our
    2:08:50 life. And we think, I’m going to go tell some people some answers. No, what you’re going to do,
    2:08:56 if you’re a good leader, good teacher, is you’re going to lead them through learning with you.
    2:09:00 And they are going to get to the answer. And you are going to celebrate them doing that.
    2:09:09 But I cannot tell you how many times I myself have to create a rule to shut my own mouth.
    2:09:14 Because I love helping people. Luckily, I don’t think it’s the know it all version of this. I
    2:09:18 think it’s the, I can help you. Oh, my God, I see how to help you. And I just want to tell
    2:09:25 them the answer. And I got to zip it, zip it. So one rule is like, yeah, I make a travel rule.
    2:09:30 Another rule I make is, as I already told you, which is don’t say yes immediately. It has to be
    2:09:35 very rare for me to say yes immediately. And as a pleaser, that’s very hard to be like, no,
    2:09:39 I’m sorry, I have to get back to you next week. How often do you say I have to get back to you
    2:09:46 next week versus I’m not sure can you get back to me next week versus in other words, like,
    2:09:52 where does the ball fall and who’s court? Good feedback for me, Tim. And I take it. Thank you.
    2:09:58 Now, I think that is actually a really good tactic that I don’t do enough of is to say,
    2:10:04 I think this is unlikely that I’m going to be able to do this. I’m willing to consider it.
    2:10:10 But what I’d like you to do is go look at your other options. And if you’re not finding something,
    2:10:14 feel free to get back to me by the end of the month. And I will consider it. But it’s like,
    2:10:19 basically telegraphing, like, I kind of want to try to help you, but I can’t. You got to go to
    2:10:23 your plan B. I’m not going to be your keynote speaker. And that’s a great feedback. I think
    2:10:28 that’s a good, maybe even it’s just, if you find yourself doing that, you should be asking yourself,
    2:10:33 why isn’t it just not a no? It’s a no. Yeah. It’s a no for me. It’s a no. Tim, right? But
    2:10:39 maybe it’s a way to trial yourself into realizing, oh, this is a no. This is the training wheels.
    2:10:43 Yeah. I like your idea, which is like, put the ball in their court. Maybe again,
    2:10:48 it’s back to some donation request or something like, this is not for me now. Feel free to get
    2:10:53 in touch in the future. A lot of those people might just not ever. And I mean, sorry for them
    2:10:57 because they’re not assisted. But is that being a player? Is that being a player enough? I don’t know.
    2:11:04 Yeah. Hitting the snooze button can lead to like a delayed 24 car pile up later in my experience,
    2:11:08 right? Good analogy. I was chatting with a friend of mine about this, because I’m fascinated by rules
    2:11:16 for folks who handle a lot of inbound of any type. And his rule for the charitable stuff,
    2:11:20 specifically like, oh, here’s my go fund me or this or this. He’s like, well, look,
    2:11:24 he’s done very, very well professionally. And he’s like, okay, look, if it’s a friend,
    2:11:30 and it’s basically any cause that’s not going to entail reputational risk, if it’s like, ah,
    2:11:35 my buddy is doing a climbing Kilimanjaro for prostate cancer, and he’s has a go fund me,
    2:11:40 they’ll basically give 5k to anything side unseen, because the universe of possible
    2:11:45 acquaintances or friends who’s going to come to them with that is pretty limited. But the rule is
    2:11:51 like 5k, that’s it. That’s our rule. And then for anything large, it’s just like, we focus on this
    2:11:56 and this and this. And outside of that, we are not involved. That’s it. Yeah. No, I think that
    2:12:00 is so powerful. That would be another rule is like, for something that’s a major commitment
    2:12:08 of my time or my resources, someone said to me, it’s time, treasure, talent. But there’s another
    2:12:17 one that’s like testimony. Ooh, okay. So time, treasures, capital, talent and testimony. And
    2:12:21 testimony is interesting, right? Because you could, Tim, care about something that you can’t
    2:12:25 give time to and you could say, if you need a quote from me, again, now we’re like in this weird,
    2:12:31 rarefied air where someone might want a quote from, probably not me. But I think that that’s
    2:12:36 another thing you can do. But the thing that for any of those categories, you need some criteria.
    2:12:41 Yeah. Which is like, you know, some people, it’s about climate. If it’s not related to climate
    2:12:46 and working on the climate crisis, it’s a no. And I think those people actually make more friends
    2:12:49 than I probably make. Because I’m like, I’m not sure that sounds so important.
    2:12:56 Just to ask a clarifying question on one time, I get, that seems pretty straightforward,
    2:13:01 hours, minutes, treasure, like financial resources, things of that type, testimony,
    2:13:05 okay, like endorsing something or some version of that.
    2:13:09 By the way, a version of that might be like, can I introduce you to someone and endorse you?
    2:13:14 Yeah, totally. What is talent? I mean, I understand the word, but I think of talent as
    2:13:17 if they’re utilizing your talent, wouldn’t that kind of fall into the time bucket or is it a
    2:13:21 separate thing? You know, I had a similar question because this was a friend of mine who was like
    2:13:26 facilitating this workshop with people trying to think about what their criteria were for like,
    2:13:34 what am I going to spend my time on? I think that the version of it is you say to someone,
    2:13:39 I agree with you, like I can’t really deploy my particular talent without putting some time in.
    2:13:47 But the example was, say you are very good at some specific thing and the thing takes you
    2:13:51 less than 30 minutes, they’re like, all right, I don’t want you to join my board,
    2:13:57 but can you read this press release and tell me is it good or not? I think it’s like,
    2:14:02 you know what, I can’t give you my time. I can’t join a board. I can’t commit to a regular meeting.
    2:14:05 It’s almost what I say to some of the founders I work with. I’m like, don’t expect me to read
    2:14:10 the newsletter and try to volunteer for all the things you need. But if you think
    2:14:16 my particular talent is going to be useful, and here’s what it often looks like, Tim, is
    2:14:22 they send me profiles of people they’re thinking of hiring and I give them a five minute Claire
    2:14:27 assessment. And so that is my time, but I don’t get on the phone. I’m just like, here’s the questions.
    2:14:32 Usually how it comes back because I’m all about questions is here’s the three to five questions
    2:14:37 I’d have about this background. If I’m you and I’m hiring for this role, why did they move around
    2:14:43 five times? Why did they stop doing that job? I would just give them interview questions and
    2:14:49 then I would back away. So you’re right. It takes me a minute. You probably have a version of that.
    2:14:54 I’ve heard people like text you with very specific, which supplement should I take or which, you know,
    2:15:01 should I intermittent fast? Yeah, you could probably like text back this one. No, this one,
    2:15:05 you know, that’s probably still time and you probably should count how much time it is,
    2:15:11 but it’s a way to stay it’s compressed because of the expertise. Right. You already know the
    2:15:15 answer. You have the talent. You don’t have to go do extra work and you can answer quickly.
    2:15:24 Quick add on, because I realize you’ve done so much hiring and develop so much talent. I’m so
    2:15:32 curious how you spot bad apples or illicit negative feedback or infer negative feedback
    2:15:40 when in the U.S. it is so incredibly difficult to get honest negative feedback from anyone
    2:15:44 because they’re so concerned about liability. You’re talking about like references. Hiring,
    2:15:52 yes, references. Exactly. The non dissertation answer is one, people have trouble giving hard
    2:15:56 feedback. People have trouble asking this question, which is I think a question you just ask, which
    2:16:01 is like, is this someone in the top 20% of people you’ve ever worked with? And then they say yes,
    2:16:06 you say top 10. And then if they say yes, oh, so is it top five? Because what happens is when
    2:16:12 people are asked for a very specific quantifiable ranking of something, they don’t like lying.
    2:16:16 And so what I think happens is we’re not comfortable asking for ranking questions sometimes
    2:16:21 about humans and I don’t love them actually in most contexts. But in this case, I’m like,
    2:16:27 I’m going to pin you down on how good this person really is and how they handle and you could go
    2:16:34 just to top five. But I think that’s the short answer. I think the other answer is you say to
    2:16:39 someone, you put them again in the role of you say, look, I’m going to be their manager,
    2:16:43 you are their manager. What’s the thing I can do that’s most important to help them?
    2:16:50 That’s a good question. And people will say some very revealing things because all of a sudden
    2:16:55 they’re back. Yeah. Being the manager of the person. And they’re like, well, I’ll tell them to
    2:17:02 really be more truthful when things are off the rails. You’re like, what? Yeah. And then you’ll
    2:17:07 sort of get going. Tell me a situation where you had to use that advice. Like what, you know,
    2:17:13 anyway, so those are two, one very specific pin them down and one a little more tricky.
    2:17:20 So good. Oh, deft. Very, very elegant. All right. As promised, the garage of self-awareness.
    2:17:26 That is the very strained analogy that I used. And tell me if this ties in. And I’m curious
    2:17:31 what good answers to this question might be. But I do want to talk about self-awareness so we
    2:17:36 can go into it however you would like. Because it’s sort of the foundational layer for everything
    2:17:42 that is built upon it. Or it seems that way to me. Yeah. That’s my hypothesis. Yeah. So actually,
    2:17:46 I was going to ask you about the question. When have you seen me do my best and worst work? But
    2:17:49 we can come back to that. We can come back to that. I’m going to bookmark that. Maybe we’ll
    2:17:54 get to it. Maybe we won’t. But how should people think about self-awareness? And I’m just going
    2:18:00 to share something that I found in the course of doing homework. And you can certainly fact-check
    2:18:05 this. But I thought it was quite thought-provoking. This is from CNBC. And I think it was an interview
    2:18:09 with you. So this is, you know, if you’re not self-aware, how would you know? That’s a hell
    2:18:13 of a question. It’s kind of like, you know, the tree falling in the forest. No one to hear it
    2:18:18 kind of question. Here are some telltale signs. You consistently get feedback that you disagree
    2:18:23 with. This doesn’t mean the feedback is correct. But it does mean how others perceive you differs
    2:18:28 from how you perceive yourself. Interesting. I added the interesting. You often feel frustrated
    2:18:33 and annoyed because you don’t agree with your team’s direction or decisions. You feel drained at the
    2:18:37 end of a work day and can’t pinpoint why. You can’t describe what kinds of work you do and don’t
    2:18:41 enjoy doing. So that’s setting the table or maybe just peaking people’s curiosity. How would you
    2:18:47 suggest people think about self-awareness? Why is this important in the world in which you operate?
    2:18:53 I spent a lot of time thinking about how do you get results through people, through teams. Like,
    2:18:58 I’m not actually the one building the product. So I got to do it through kind of brute force human
    2:19:04 brain power and human time. And I think that most people who think that way start with the
    2:19:10 individuals you’re managing or the team or the organization. And my argument is where you started
    2:19:15 this section of the garage is the foundation is self-awareness. It actually has to start with you.
    2:19:20 You’re not going to get great results from the people around you until you understand yourself.
    2:19:26 And I mean, I think there’s some obvious reasons why which is like, look, I alone can’t move the
    2:19:32 mountain. I need you and I need to complement myself. How am I going to complement myself
    2:19:37 with other capabilities and skills if I don’t understand what I’m bringing to the table?
    2:19:41 By the way, a lot of people think they’re the director in every scene. No, you’re not. You’re
    2:19:46 often an extra. And just knowing that will make you more effective. So that’s a side piece of
    2:19:52 advice for you. But a lot of self-awareness building to me, a lot of these work style assessments you
    2:19:57 can take are just trying to help you figure out your defaults. Like, right to my default setting.
    2:20:01 A lot of them are asking you, you know, are you more introverted or extroverted?
    2:20:05 So you’re talking about, I guess, for maybe lack of a better descriptor, almost like personality
    2:20:11 typing tests, like Myers-Briggs. Yeah, like Myers-Briggs, Disk, Enneagram. I mean, there’s
    2:20:16 discovery insights. There’s the Hogan assessment, like whatever. That’s like 170 questions. Like,
    2:20:22 there’s all these different, there’s the Big Five personality test. There’s a lot of
    2:20:26 Strengths Finder goes on and on. Strengths Finder, good one. Like, there’s so many.
    2:20:31 To me, they all boil down to on one axis, let’s call it the horizontal axis. You’ve got,
    2:20:38 are you more introverted or extroverted? And the litmus test is sort of introverts think to talk
    2:20:44 and extroverts talk to think. So where do you fall in that continuum? And then the other thing is the
    2:20:48 vertical axis, which is, are you more task-oriented or people-oriented? Which, by the way, doesn’t
    2:20:53 mean you can’t get a task done. And my litmus test for this is like, if someone comes to you with,
    2:21:00 like, a massive problem in some organization, is the first thing you think of the first task that
    2:21:04 has to get done or, oh my God, the people. And it’s just what do you lead with? For me, I’ll be
    2:21:10 like, oh my gosh, someone’s getting fired, which is sort of a task and a person answer, but you’re
    2:21:16 kind of, anyway, but I would say, sorry, I’m being very negative today, but I would say,
    2:21:22 it sort of boils down then. And then you think, okay, what quadrant am I in? Am I a more extroverted
    2:21:27 task-oriented type person or extroverted people? By the way, a lot of extroverted people-oriented
    2:21:33 people are excellent at sales. Makes sense. Their default is, I love getting stuff done,
    2:21:38 talking to you. Like, that’s, yay, BSL. And then you’ve got your introverted task-oriented people.
    2:21:43 Where do a lot of those people work? Tim, do you think introverted task-oriented people?
    2:21:49 Engineering. Programming. Engineering finance. Finance. Give me a spreadsheet and I will rule
    2:21:54 the world. I do not, you know, need to talk to you to finish this model, right? Like, in fact,
    2:21:59 you often do. And I know that. And so that’s the other thing is you have to be really careful not
    2:22:05 to stereotype with any of this and not to generalize. But I think it helps any human frameworks are
    2:22:10 useful for a reason, which is I am comfortable sort of saying, okay, where can I place myself
    2:22:15 in these quadrants? And then what does that mean? My default setting is, and by the way,
    2:22:19 the people around me have different default settings. One of my big, this is such a dumb
    2:22:25 tactical lesson. But I’m one of those people where if I trust who I’m meeting with, I don’t need the
    2:22:29 agenda ahead of time. I’ll be like, let’s meet. And then at the very beginning of the meeting,
    2:22:34 bang out the agenda, make sure we know what we’re going to get done. I still like to run it well.
    2:22:39 But I’m kind of loose with the prep. I have people who’ve worked for me who are like, frozen.
    2:22:44 If they’re like, I don’t have time to think ahead of this meeting, what we’re going to talk about.
    2:22:47 And I’m thinking there’s something wrong with them. I’m like, well, come on, we trust each other,
    2:22:51 we’ve worked together, we’re just going to spit ball about this. And they’re like, no,
    2:22:56 I had to learn that there are humans in the world who if they don’t have time to think before a
    2:23:02 meeting will not be effective in the meeting and will be uncomfortable. Because my water is really
    2:23:07 different than that. Really different. But you, if you’re trying to create an environment that’s
    2:23:14 conducive to different styles, different defaults, you got to be aware of your own, and then realize,
    2:23:19 and I have to operate aware of others, because I want that meeting to be really effective.
    2:23:24 And I’ve got to email Richard the day before and tell him we’re going to spit ball ideas for
    2:23:28 this new marketing campaign. That’s what it all boils down to. It’s really cultivating awareness,
    2:23:33 but starting at home in the sense. Start at home and then start to map the other people.
    2:23:37 Guinea pig is always in the cage right next to you in that case, right? It’s just easier to,
    2:23:40 in some cases, a little easier study. Coming back to the personality test for a second,
    2:23:44 or these, I’m not sure if that’s the right way to categorize them, Myers-Briggs,
    2:23:49 Disk, any other… Work style assessments. There we go. Work style assessments.
    2:23:53 If you could only choose one or two that have been most helpful to you personally,
    2:23:59 what would you choose? I would say there’s one that’s called, I think if you just Google,
    2:24:05 it’s Insights Discovery, which is sort of, to me, more effective than Myers-Briggs.
    2:24:09 Myers-Briggs has a lot of interpretive work you have to do on your results. Like,
    2:24:15 understand what sensing is. Understand what the decision-making process of a sensing
    2:24:19 judge or whatever. Insights maps you more and they have some shading and colors,
    2:24:25 but it’s sort of like more straightforward. That is one I’m a fan of. The other is more of a simple
    2:24:31 one, but Patrick Collison, obviously, who I’ve worked with, I think I brought him around. He felt
    2:24:34 like these things are like horoscopes. He’s like, “They’re just going to give you a report and it’s
    2:24:38 going to sound like a plausible prediction of you.” And I said, “I get it. I get the skepticism.”
    2:24:42 And I really do, by the way, for anyone. And actually, I think there’s value in getting a
    2:24:47 horoscope. How does it actually make me feel? Like, do I agree with it or not? What am I really?
    2:24:49 Like, it actually is part of a process, in my opinion.
    2:24:51 Yeah, it’s a prompt, like a Rorschach prompt.
    2:24:55 Yes, it’s a prompt. And how you react to it is interesting, right? Like, you’re like,
    2:25:02 “I really, yes. I am finding love this year.” Or am I not? But the point is,
    2:25:08 he then did some research, and the big five personality test is very simple. It’s available
    2:25:15 for free online, as far as I can tell or I’ve seen. And it’s just these five factors like neuroticism,
    2:25:22 agreeableness, conscientiousness. There’s one that’s sort of entrepreneurial comfort with ambiguity,
    2:25:28 like whatever. And you can tell a lot from, well, one, the research supports that they’re pretty
    2:25:34 indicative of certain human behaviors. You and I have had a lot of conversations in this
    2:25:41 discussion about things like saying yes too easily. But if you’re like very high agreeableness and very
    2:25:46 high conscientiousness, guess what? You’re going to end up committing to too much stuff.
    2:25:47 Yeah, for sure.
    2:25:51 And so, when I’m saying, “Oh, I’m jealous of those people who protect their time,” you know what?
    2:25:56 They’re pretty comfortable being disagreeable. They’re pretty comfortable being like, “No.”
    2:26:00 Or frankly, canceling at the last minute, saying, “Sorry, I don’t have time today for you.”
    2:26:03 And if they’re not very conscientious, they’re like, “I don’t even feel bad.”
    2:26:10 But by the way, no judgment. A lot of founders are really good about being like, “Look,
    2:26:15 I’m doing the most important thing that I got to be doing today, and I’m the operator.” I’m like,
    2:26:19 “Oh, but we made a bunch of commitments and we made a plan and we got to stick to the plan.”
    2:26:26 And that meeting of those styles is very powerful. That’s why you want a diverse team.
    2:26:28 But anyway, I would say those two.
    2:26:32 Yeah, Patrick is endlessly fascinating. He’s been on the show probably a couple years ago.
    2:26:40 But boy, oh boy, does that man read. He really is a voracious consumer of knowledge.
    2:26:44 Yes, he puts the rest of us to shame. You know what, though, Tim? I bet he’s never seen John Wick.
    2:26:50 So we have that. We have that going for us. We do.
    2:26:54 One zero fairest cousin, but Wick on the scoreboard.
    2:26:59 Yeah, we were actually in a meeting and he said something about Greg Popovich.
    2:27:02 And two of us looked at each other and were like, “Do you really know who Greg Popovich is?”
    2:27:10 It was amazing because Patrick also is not super up on sports, popular culture. We all have our
    2:27:15 strengths. Popovich also incredible. Somebody I would love to have on the show at some point.
    2:27:17 Oh, yeah, absolutely. Yeah, well, that’s why he knew.
    2:27:22 So going to the kind of black belts of no, I’m wondering if there are people who stand out
    2:27:29 outside of the Colossians as people who are sort of paragons of no. People who are really good at
    2:27:35 saying no or defending their time where you’re like, “Wow, that person’s really good at keeping
    2:27:39 their eye on the one puck that matters.” Anybody come to mind?
    2:27:44 Well, I mentioned you. I think Cheryl’s very good at getting back, being very accessible and fast
    2:27:49 and sort of decisive, like no efficient. She’s very efficient. And sometimes that efficiency
    2:27:55 is a no, right? I mean, my version of it is someone who I think is least doing it carefully with
    2:28:01 others, others like feelings. I think I don’t love the person who has an assistant, for example,
    2:28:07 who cancels everything. No, there’s a model here, Tim. You’ve seen it where they agree to
    2:28:11 everything and then they have a cleanup crew. Super lame. They have a cleanup crew.
    2:28:14 Like the wolf from Pulp Fiction. They send it out to do the dirty work.
    2:28:19 Yeah. Yeah. I think what’s happening is I’m doing left-hand column filtering names of people
    2:28:23 right now in my mind where I’m like, “Nope, can’t mention them because I think they actually have
    2:28:29 a cleanup crew.” They use the cleanup crew. They use the cleanup crew. There aren’t that many who
    2:28:34 seem, I mean, I think you have some good, I think it’s in four-hour work week, you have some good
    2:28:40 models of pushing people on not just being busy but being productive. There’s some engineering
    2:28:45 leaders I worked with at Google who I thought was very bold, but it of course makes sense.
    2:28:50 They would look at what were we planning in a meeting and they’d be like, “I don’t need to be
    2:28:56 here,” or, “This meeting doesn’t seem important.” To me, those are paragons of no, though,
    2:29:00 because it was very open, very direct, very honest. It was like, “I see what you’re trying
    2:29:05 to do with this one hour and I am not giving you my hour. Why can’t more people just call it?”
    2:29:11 Uncomfortable. There’s a finance guy that I’m on a board with and he’ll be like, “What are we
    2:29:18 trying to accomplish in this and how long do we need?” He’ll set his, “I’m here for that objective
    2:29:24 and I’m only here for this long.” I admire it because he’s like, “Don’t be chatting away about
    2:29:28 other stuff. I want to be productive.” Don’t hear about your fishing trip right now, Ralph.
    2:29:35 Exactly. Just because you mentioned the board, why no more boards? Just the thinking behind it.
    2:29:38 I think there are different motivations for being on boards. I don’t know if you
    2:29:43 are serve on boards. No, I basically, from the beginning, I have a number of friends who have
    2:29:50 policies that they won’t join any more boards and I took that as an indicator. I’ve only done
    2:29:54 advising. I’ve never been on boards. I would say there’s a sector of the world that feels it is
    2:29:58 a service and I do think it’s a valuable service. By the way, I serve on some boards with some people
    2:30:03 who are Jedi master board members and I’m like, “Wow, you are serving these companies because you
    2:30:11 are awesome at governance and proxy statements, politics, and you get it.” I think there’s a
    2:30:17 service motivation. There’s a motivation that has to do with maybe a personal CEO who really trusts
    2:30:23 you. You want to help them. That’s mostly what happens to me. I want to be there for that person,
    2:30:28 but it is a big commitment. If you’re someone who’s realized that time is your most precious
    2:30:34 resource, which my mom realized somehow when she was 19, but I did not, boards can stomp all over
    2:30:40 your calendar. They can just say, “You know what? All day Friday, someone just made an acquisition
    2:30:45 offer.” You’re like, “Goodbye.” You realize you think you’re controlling your time because they
    2:30:52 don’t meet that often, but no, no, no. Really what I’ve decided is I need to go on a board
    2:30:57 diet and then rebuild. I’m not going to say no ever. I’m never doing it again,
    2:31:04 but I’ve realized the bar has to be extremely high. I’m on one of my favorite boards,
    2:31:08 and I would do it forever. I don’t know if I’m adding that much value, but it’s the Atlantic,
    2:31:14 which is private, so it’s easier. The quality of the people involved, we’re doing the business
    2:31:20 brain stuff, but you get to meet these amazing writers. You get to be part of exchange of ideas
    2:31:27 about the future of democracy. Yes, that’s enriching me. That’s the other thing is making sure there’s
    2:31:31 an exchange in the board of your learning. You’re getting enriched. They’re benefiting,
    2:31:36 and I don’t think it’s easy to always get that balance right. You just have to be careful.
    2:31:43 I think you just have to be. I think I just didn’t realize the level of commitment,
    2:31:48 not just time, but to do it well. It goes back to renegotiating. What I’m doing is I’m saying no
    2:31:54 more boards until I’ve renegotiated some of my current commitments, and then we’ll see.
    2:31:59 That’s also a very powerful language right there. Categorically, I have a policy of saying no to
    2:32:04 X until I have A, B, and C. That’s right. Done deal. By the way, people can’t argue with that,
    2:32:09 because they’re like, “That does sound like a very same thing to do.” I have a lot of appreciation
    2:32:15 more than I did before of folks who do this in service. Governance matters, right? It matters
    2:32:21 for institutions, not just companies. It should be done well, but gosh, it’s a big commitment.
    2:32:24 Be careful with those big commitments, folks. They sneak up on you.
    2:32:28 Anything that has multiple years attached to it?
    2:32:36 Yeah. Oh, boy. It’s kind of like the scope creep time-evaporating version of the best business
    2:32:40 model of all time, which is being a venture capitalist, where you have these stacked funds.
    2:32:46 That’s great if you’re taking your 2 and 20, but if it’s a commitment of your time over multiple
    2:32:52 years, and then they start to stack, and oh my god, then you’re like 27 snow layers deep in the
    2:32:59 avalanche of time requests. That’s right. And you get a 10-year horizon. I mean, at minimum.
    2:33:06 That seems exciting at the beginning. Then you stack another 10 and another 10, and you’re like,
    2:33:13 “Wait a minute. All of a sudden, I’m like 65 years old.” Anyway, I think it’s yes,
    2:33:18 some funds have closed, and hopefully you’ve done well, but you made commitments before those things
    2:33:24 happened to another set of them. Yeah, totally. So it’s like a rolling avalanche. The avalanche
    2:33:30 is not ending. Do not say yes right away, folks. Yeah, especially to multi-year commitments. That’s
    2:33:34 probably the headline. That and the toy is broken. I’m telling you, that’s your next book.
    2:33:40 I really think it could do well. I have to ask this because it’s of acute interest for me,
    2:33:47 personally, also because it might help me individually, but also with employees of mine.
    2:33:51 Managing high performers, how do you get extraordinary output from extraordinary
    2:33:55 people without burning them out or letting them burn themselves out?
    2:34:00 If I was like, what are the pantheon of management lessons? So one of them is you’ve got to manage
    2:34:06 different people differently. Another pantheon lesson is spend disproportionate amount of time
    2:34:11 with your high performers because instead what we all do is get all of our time sucked by the
    2:34:16 folks who are struggling and then we don’t invest in the high performers and then they’re either
    2:34:21 burning themselves out or finding a new opportunity because they’re not realizing their high performers
    2:34:24 and benefiting or they know they are and they’re not getting investment and they’re like,
    2:34:28 I’m going to go get investment somewhere else. So number one is how do you manage them is you
    2:34:33 make sure that they are a priority of yours even though they are perfectly good on their own,
    2:34:38 which is the sort of dilemma, right? Like, how do I help them? In my book, I mean, I don’t steal,
    2:34:43 I credit, I source a lot of frameworks. The book, Scaling People, Tactics for Management and
    2:34:49 Company Building. Oh yes, thank you. Just to throw it in there. So there are a lot of QR codes. You
    2:34:53 can scan and look at the sites where I reference a lot of materials and books, Conscious Business,
    2:34:58 Fred Kaufman’s in there. One framework, I think, I mean, as far as I can tell, I made up myself
    2:35:05 was a top talent framework, which is, again, I try to like simplify things. But I think
    2:35:12 high performers fall into two categories and I call them pushers and pullers. And so the pusher
    2:35:17 is the one who’s like, give me more, give me more. They’re often wanting to get more comp too,
    2:35:21 but they’re like, I want recognition, I want responsibility, I want scope, I want to move
    2:35:26 the needle. I’m high impact. They’re very impatient with themselves, with other people. They can be
    2:35:31 a little high friction for the team because they’re like going for it, grabbing it, grabbing it.
    2:35:35 But you know, it’s fun because you load them up and they’re just like carrying the whole
    2:35:41 thing up the hill without you. But they can be tough. My main coaching often ends up with them
    2:35:49 is saying, until I believe that the people working with you love working with you,
    2:35:53 I don’t think you’re succeeding. And they’re like, what? What? Because they’re all keeping score,
    2:35:58 but they’re keeping score in the sort of maybe early in his life, Tim Ferriss version? I don’t
    2:36:05 know. Oh, no, that’s a fair assessment. I mean, I think I am a pusher as an entrepreneur for sure,
    2:36:10 and I’ve learned how that can be a liability. It can be a huge superpower and it can be a huge
    2:36:15 liability. Right. And your job is to sort of, like I said, giving direct feedback is holding up a
    2:36:20 mirror and just being like, here’s the beauty of you and here’s the liability part. And if you
    2:36:27 can’t show me that you can work on the liability part, I can’t keep loading you up. Because in the
    2:36:32 case of the pusher, yeah, they might burn themselves out, but they actually burn out the people around
    2:36:38 them. So that’s the pusher. So the puller, it’s funny, this happened to me in a couple of conversations
    2:36:42 I’ve had is I’m usually being interviewed by someone who’s like the pusher and I’m the puller.
    2:36:49 But anyway, I’m the puller is someone who, no complaints, you load them up and they’re like,
    2:36:54 yep, yep, I got it. But they’re not asking for it. They’re not grabbing it. They’re not pushing,
    2:36:58 but they’re highly competent. They’re very organized. They’re very consistent, reliable,
    2:37:02 and they have good judgment. And you’re like, okay, I know that person won’t screw that up. I
    2:37:06 know that person will get the people to the party and the, you know, whatever it is. And you just
    2:37:14 start loading them. And they don’t renegotiate. They don’t know how to say no. And then they
    2:37:20 explode. Like they basically implode or that’s what I’ve run into with past employees. Yep.
    2:37:24 And there’s some like, I went through a period of my own development where I was like, I think
    2:37:32 of it as my martyr period where I literally, I don’t know who I thought I was bartering myself
    2:37:38 for like everyone else. I like, I would be doing all this stuff for my colleagues, for my team.
    2:37:43 And I was like, no one appreciates like, I don’t know. And I eventually had a really good open
    2:37:47 conversation with a guy, not my boss, who worked with me. And he’s like, did I ask you to take
    2:37:52 that on? Like, you just started running that project? Or you run our planning process? Or like,
    2:37:57 did someone ask you? And I’m like, well, no, no one was doing it. So I’m doing it. And I was like,
    2:38:02 and he’s like, and why do you feel like you have to do that? I was martyring myself for nothing.
    2:38:08 Like, I think martyrs at least are celebrating like a God. I was like, I’m sacrificing myself on
    2:38:15 the altar of someone didn’t do the work. So I’ll do it. It was very bad, very bad. And I was resenting
    2:38:19 the hell out of my colleagues. For sure. I’m like, does, I mean, this happens in relationships.
    2:38:24 I mean, it’s like the who’s going to take out the garbage thing. I designated myself the garbage
    2:38:28 collector for like a whole set of things, partly because I thought it was that was part of my job,
    2:38:35 but still it was not good, not good. Anyway, the polar will implode slash explode. And you might
    2:38:40 not be able to save them if it gets too far. So your job with them is like, look, let’s work on
    2:38:44 delegation skills. Let’s work on saying no, let’s work on boundary, like, look at me, let’s work
    2:38:51 on rules, boundaries. How do you not be the person carrying everything and doing three jobs? And I
    2:38:56 think that once you know those two archetypes, you can sort of look for the signs of them. And
    2:39:00 then you can think, well, what’s their classic development area? And then your job is to be
    2:39:07 all over them on that development area, because they will collapse. If you don’t get them to see
    2:39:13 that part of their job, like the pusher, especially part of your job is to stop creating friction
    2:39:19 for everyone. And like for me, I really started to take exercise seriously when I decided it’s
    2:39:24 part of my job to be like a better leader. I need to get a certain amount of exercise. And now I
    2:39:29 will make time for it. And I think a lot of these types are like, I’m going to do everything to win
    2:39:34 these pushers. And you’re like, you know what, part of winning is avoiding a Pyrrhic victory,
    2:39:39 avoiding one where everyone wins, but dies on the field, right? And they’re like, oh, well,
    2:39:43 then how do I do that? Because it doesn’t come naturally to them. And then they’ll say, I don’t
    2:39:48 want to work with low performers. And this is the problem. They’re so good that, I mean,
    2:39:54 now we’re going deeper on this, they’re so good that you can’t quite say back to them, no, those
    2:40:00 people are the same as you. So instead, you’re like, yeah, okay, we all have different strengths
    2:40:05 and weaknesses. What I feel like you’re doing is not even appreciating what anyone else is
    2:40:10 bringing to the table. Why do you think that is? And it’s like, they don’t stay up all night like
    2:40:15 I do getting the thing done. You’re like, no, they don’t. And I actually don’t think sometimes you
    2:40:19 should stay up all night getting the thing done. But what do they do well? And then you get them
    2:40:25 trying to think about assets. And you’re like, how can you use that asset to get the things done?
    2:40:28 And they’re like, hmm, but they really don’t think that way because it’s all in their own shoulders.
    2:40:35 Takes practice like so many things. Claire, this has been a fantastic conversation. Thank you so
    2:40:40 much. I’ve had so much fun. I’ve taken copious notes. I’m going to be following up on a million
    2:40:45 site quests, as we call them, but important site quests. I’ve taken notes of phrasing that you’ve
    2:40:50 used all sorts of things. So I am looking forward to actually digging into my homework. I will not
    2:40:55 stay up all night for the record. I’m trying to also help first sort of foundational along with
    2:41:00 the awareness, having the vehicle to do the things you want to do. Your book, which I highly recommend
    2:41:05 to folks is incredibly tactical, scaling people tactics for management and company building,
    2:41:12 tons of templates, tons of frameworks, lots of specifics that you can apply immediately.
    2:41:18 People can find you, correct me if I’m getting this wrong, but on Twitter @ChuseJohnson.
    2:41:24 We’ll link to LinkedIn as well. Are there any other websites or anything else that you’d like
    2:41:28 to point people to? The Stripe Press website, you can find scaling people and you can find,
    2:41:33 actually, I did interviews with a bunch of leaders that there’s digital only content,
    2:41:37 which we can give you all the link to that. But no, thank you, Tim. This has been
    2:41:43 wide ranging as promised and stimulating and I’ve got some recommendations I’m walking away with.
    2:41:47 So thank you. Thank you so much, Claire. And for everybody listening, we will link to everything
    2:41:54 in the show notes. This will be encyclopedic and you can find that at tim.blog/podcast.
    2:41:58 So you just search for Claire and this will pop right up and you will find everything that we
    2:42:03 discussed. And it’s the next time be a little bit kinder than is necessary, not only to others,
    2:42:09 but also to yourself. And as always, thanks for tuning in. Hey, guys, this is Tim again,
    2:42:14 just one more thing before you take off and that is Five Bullet Friday. Would you enjoy
    2:42:19 getting a short email from me every Friday that provides a little fun before the weekend?
    2:42:22 Between one and a half and two million people subscribe to my free newsletter,
    2:42:28 my super short newsletter called Five Bullet Friday. Easy to sign up, easy to cancel. It is
    2:42:33 basically a half page that I send out every Friday to share the coolest things I’ve found or
    2:42:38 discovered or have started exploring over that week. It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:42:44 It often includes articles I’m reading, books I’m reading, albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos,
    2:42:50 all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me by my friends, including a lot of podcast
    2:42:56 guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field. And then I test them and then
    2:43:02 I share them with you. So if that sounds fun, again, it’s very short, a little tiny bite of
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    2:43:15 drop in your email and you’ll get the very next one. Thanks for listening.
    2:43:22 This episode is brought to you by Shopify. Shopify is the all-in-one commerce platform
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    2:43:37 long story, all proceeds on my end go to my foundation, Saise Foundation, fund research for
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    2:44:52 Sign up for a $1 per month trial period at Shopify, that’s S-H-O-P-I-F-Y, Shopify.com/Tim.
    2:44:57 Go to Shopify.com/Tim to take your business to the next level today. One more time,
    2:45:06 all lowercase, Shopify.com/Tim. This episode is brought to you by AG1, the daily foundational
    2:45:12 nutritional supplement that supports whole body health. I view AG1 as comprehensive nutritional
    2:45:18 insurance and that is nothing new. I actually recommended AG1 in my 2010 best seller more
    2:45:24 than a decade ago, the 4-hour body, and I did not get paid to do so. I simply loved the product
    2:45:30 and felt like it was the ultimate nutritionally dense supplement that you could use conveniently
    2:45:35 while on the run, which is, for me, a lot of the time. I have been using it a very,
    2:45:40 very long time indeed. And I do get asked a lot what I would take if I could only take
    2:45:45 one supplement. And the true answer is invariably AG1. It simply covers a ton of bases. I usually
    2:45:50 drink it in the mornings and frequently take their travel packs with me on the road.
    2:45:55 So what is AG1? What is this stuff? AG1 is a science-driven formulation of vitamins,
    2:46:00 probiotics, and whole food source nutrients. In a single scoop, AG1 gives you support for the
    2:46:07 brain, gut, and immune system. Since 2010, they have improved the formula 52 times in pursuit of
    2:46:13 making the best foundational nutrition supplement possible using rigorous standards and high-quality
    2:46:19 ingredients. How many ingredients? 75. And you would be hard-pressed to find a more nutrient-dense
    2:46:24 formula on the market. It has multibitamin, multi-mineral superfood complex, probiotics,
    2:46:29 and prebiotics for gut health, an antioxidant immune support formula, digestive enzymes,
    2:46:36 and adaptogens to help manage stress. Now, I do my best, always, to eat nutrient-dense meals.
    2:46:42 That is the basic, basic, basic requirement, right? That is why things are called supplements.
    2:46:48 Of course, that’s what I focus on, but it is not always possible. It is not always easy. So part
    2:46:54 of my routine is using AG1 daily. If I’m on the road, on the run, it just makes it easy to get a
    2:47:00 lot of nutrients at once and to sleep easy knowing that I am checking a lot of important boxes. So
    2:47:06 each morning, AG1. That’s just like brushing my teeth part of the routine. It’s also NSF certified
    2:47:12 for sports, so professional athletes trust it to be safe. And each pouch of AG1 contains exactly
    2:47:17 what is on the label, does not contain harmful levels of microbes or heavy metals, and is free
    2:47:22 of 280-band substances. It’s the ultimate nutritional supplement in one easy scoop.
    2:47:27 So take ownership of your health and try AG1 today. You will get a free one-year supply of
    2:47:34 Vitamin D and five free AG1 travel packs with your first subscription purchase. So learn more,
    2:47:44 check it out. Go to drinkag1.com/tim. That’s drinkag1, the number one. Drinkag1.com/tim.
    2:47:54 Last time, drinkag1.com/tim. Check it out.

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #332 “Coach George Raveling — A Legend on Sports, Business, and The Great Game of Life” and #724 “Claire Hughes Johnson — How to Take Responsibility for Your Life, Create Rules That Work, Stop Being a Victim, Set Strong Boundaries, and More.

    Please enjoy!

    Sponsors:

    Wealthfront high-yield cash account: https://Wealthfront.com/Tim (Start earning 5.00% APY on your short-term cash until you’re ready to invest. And when you open an account today, you can get an extra fifty-dollar bonus with a deposit of five hundred dollars or more.) Terms apply.

    AG1 all-in-one nutritional supplement: https://drinkag1.com/tim (1-year supply of Vitamin D (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase.)

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [05:14] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [06:17] Enter George Raveling.

    [06:48] The most important conversation is the one you have with yourself.

    [09:03] The only two choices George has when he gets out of bed in the morning

    [11:13] A personal audit once per week.

    [11:40] Retirement at 80?

    [12:10] George’s controversial collection.

    [14:50] George’s less controversial collections.

    [15:44] Relationships as a privilege.

    [17:28] Most of George’s best friendships started by mistake.

    [18:20] The importance of maintaining friendships with younger people.

    [19:22] Relationships as a patnership.

    [19:52] A voracious reading habit.

    [23:28] How George selects his next book.

    [25:17] How George continues to grow in his 80s.

    [29:09] Recommended reading.

    [30:42] Kindness as an opportunity.

    [33:32] The 1984 Olympics.

    [37:32] Enter Claire Hughes Johnson.

    [37:54] Say the thing you think you cannot say.

    [43:26] Detoxifying your left-hand column.

    [51:11] Victim versus player.

    [58:43] Recommended reading.

    [1:05:32] The case for reading fiction.

    [1:12:57] Crafting a working-with-me document.

    [1:20:47] Make the implicit explicit.

    [1:26:07] An Irish Goodbye.

    [1:27:13] Email policies.

    [1:32:37] Renegotiating the terms of expectations.

    [1:34:41] Listening for the quiet no.

    [1:37:06] Money versus time.

    [1:38:53] Good rules can be liberating.

    [1:41:39] Leadership and disappointment.

    [1:46:38] Renegotiating past disappointment.

    [2:05:45] Asking a question versus stating an opinion.

    [2:09:37] Training wheels for a “no.”

    [2:11:06] Time, talent, treasure, and testimony.

    [2:15:16] Spotting bad apples while hiring.

    [2:17:16] If you’re not self-aware, how would you know?

    [2:20:01] Work style assessments for self-awareness building.

    [2:27:17] Paragons of no.

    [2:29:30] No more boards.

    [2:33:37] Pushers and pullers.

    [2:40:32] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #761: General Stanley McChrystal and Liv Boeree

    AI transcript
    0:00:05 This episode is brought to you by AG1, the daily foundational nutritional supplement that supports
    0:00:11 whole body health. I view AG1 as comprehensive nutritional insurance and that is nothing new.
    0:00:18 I actually recommended AG1 in my 2010 best seller more than a decade ago, the 4-hour body,
    0:00:24 and I did not get paid to do so. I simply loved the product and felt like it was the ultimate
    0:00:30 nutritionally dense supplement that you could use conveniently while on the run, which is for me
    0:00:35 a lot of the time. I have been using it a very, very long time indeed. And I do get asked a lot
    0:00:39 what I would take if I could only take one supplement. And the true answer is invariably
    0:00:45 AG1. It simply covers a ton of bases. I usually drink it in the mornings and frequently take
    0:00:51 their travel packs with me on the road. So what is AG1? What is this stuff? AG1 is a science-driven
    0:00:57 formulation of vitamins, probiotics, and whole food-sourced nutrients. In a single scoop, AG1
    0:01:03 gives you support for the brain, gut, and immune system. Since 2010, they have improved the formula
    0:01:09 52 times in pursuit of making the best foundational nutrition supplement possible using rigorous
    0:01:15 standards and high-quality ingredients. How many ingredients? 75. And you would be hard-pressed
    0:01:20 to find a more nutrient-dense formula on the market. It has a multivitamin, multi-mineral,
    0:01:26 superfood complex, probiotics and prebiotics for gut health, an antioxidant immune support formula,
    0:01:31 digestive enzymes, and adaptogens to help manage stress. Now, I do my best, always,
    0:01:38 to eat nutrient-dense meals. That is the basic, basic, basic requirement. That is why things are
    0:01:43 called supplements. Of course, that’s what I focus on. But it is not always possible. It is not always
    0:01:51 easy. So, part of my routine is using AG1 daily. If I’m on the road, on the run, it just makes it
    0:01:55 easy to get a lot of nutrients at once and to sleep easy knowing that I am checking a lot of
    0:02:02 important boxes. So, each morning, AG1. That’s just like brushing my teeth part of the routine.
    0:02:06 It’s also NSF-certified for sports, so professional athletes trust it to be safe.
    0:02:12 And each pouch of AG1 contains exactly what is on the label. It does not contain harmful levels
    0:02:18 of microbes or heavy metals and is free of 280 band substances. It’s the ultimate nutritional
    0:02:24 supplement in one easy scoop. So, take ownership of your health and try AG1 today. You will get a
    0:02:29 free one-year supply of vitamin D and five free AG1 travel packs with your first subscription
    0:02:39 purchase. So, learn more, check it out. Go to drinkag1.com/tim. That’s drinkag1, the number one.
    0:02:46 Drinkag1.com/tim. Last time, drinkag1.com/tim. Check it out.
    0:02:55 This episode is brought to you by Element, spelled L-M-N-T. What on earth is Element?
    0:03:01 It is a delicious, sugar-free electrolyte drink mix. I’ve stocked up on boxes and boxes of this.
    0:03:06 It was one of the first things that I bought when I saw COVID coming down the pike. And I usually
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    0:03:35 electrolytes, you’re just not getting enough. And it relates to a bunch of stuff like a hormone
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    0:03:47 again spelled L-M-N-T, can help. My favorite flavor by far is citrus salt, which is a side note you
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    0:04:35 in Element. And a lot of names you might recognize are already using Element. It was
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    0:05:45 Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferris. Welcome to another episode of the
    0:05:50 Tim Ferris Show where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every field
    0:05:55 imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply
    0:06:00 and test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast
    0:06:06 recently hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and past one billion
    0:06:12 downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best, some of my favorites
    0:06:18 from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited to give you these
    0:06:22 super combo episodes, and internally we’ve been calling these the super combo episodes,
    0:06:28 because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household names, the super famous folks,
    0:06:34 but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider stars. These are people who have
    0:06:39 transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many of you. Perhaps they got
    0:06:44 lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode, just trust me on this one, we went to
    0:06:51 great pains to put these pairings together. And for the bios of all guests, you can find
    0:06:59 that and more at tim.log/combo. And now, without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening.
    0:07:06 First up, retired United States Army General Stanley McChrystal,
    0:07:12 former commander of Joint Special Operations Command from 2003 to 2008,
    0:07:19 and bestselling author of Risk, a user’s guide. You can learn more about General McChrystal and his
    0:07:26 work at McChrystalGroup.com. Why one meal a day? Do you actually eat one meal a day?
    0:07:32 I do, and people ask me why. Is it some zen connection with something? And no, what happened
    0:07:39 was when I was a lieutenant in Special Forces many, many years ago, I thought I was getting fat,
    0:07:45 and I started running, and I started running distance, which I enjoyed. But I also found that
    0:07:52 my personality was such that I’m not real good at eating three or four small discipline meals.
    0:07:59 I’m better to defer gratification and then eat one meal. And for me, that’s dinner. And so what I
    0:08:04 do is I sort of push myself hard all day, try to get everything done, and then sort of reward
    0:08:08 myself with dinner at night. What time do you usually eat dinner? Whenever I’m finished work,
    0:08:12 and it would be like 8 or 8.30. There’s a challenge when you work really long hours,
    0:08:16 because suddenly you start to eat very late, and then you go directly to bed, and that you
    0:08:21 feel like you’re sleeping with a football in your stomach. And do you drink coffee earlier in the
    0:08:26 day? I’m just thinking with the workout in that many hours, a lot of people would fade. How do you
    0:08:30 prevent yourself from fading? Yeah, I have a tendency. I’ll drink coffee. I’ll drink other
    0:08:35 beverages to water and different things. And I do find that there are certain days your body
    0:08:40 just says, “Eat and eat right now.” And I used to keep a bin of those hard pretzels in my office
    0:08:44 in Afghanistan, and I’d grab a handful of those. And other times, I might be out doing something
    0:08:49 physical in the military, like road marching, and suddenly your body communicates, “Eat pretty
    0:08:53 quickly or you won’t keep road marching.” And I’ll do that. Let me ask a couple of routine
    0:08:59 questions, questions about routine. And then, I’d love to maybe go back in history a little bit.
    0:09:06 The working out, do you work out every day? I do. What type of exercise and why?
    0:09:10 When I was younger and I got serious about working out, I was a second lieutenant,
    0:09:15 and as I mentioned, I started getting fat. And I had a first sergeant in my parachute
    0:09:19 infantry company that liked to run. So we would do loosening up exercises and then we’d run.
    0:09:26 So I started running, and so for the first 20 or so years, I ran. I had one period when I was a
    0:09:31 captain, when I ran 15 miles a day, seven days a week. Didn’t vary, didn’t take days off, wore
    0:09:38 lousy running shoes. It was sort of stereotypically all the mistakes you can make. As I got older,
    0:09:41 and I started to have a series of shoulder surgeries and back surgeries, predictably,
    0:09:48 what I learned to do was to alternate. So I will run one day, I’ll lift weight the next day,
    0:09:53 I’ll bike when I’m home and have that capable so I can round out. But for me, it’s very important to
    0:09:58 do something literally every day. I’ll only take a day off when I’m forced to because I’ve got some
    0:10:03 weird schedule thing that makes it impossible. What does your weight training, your resistance
    0:10:08 training workout look like? I will start at my home if we’re at home, and I go down to my basement,
    0:10:14 I do four sets of push-ups, as many as I can do for four sets, and I alternate that with a series
    0:10:21 of abs exercises. So I’ll do starting with a set of sit-ups, and I’ll do 100 sit-ups, and I’ll flip
    0:10:26 over, and I’ll do three minutes of a plank, and then I’ll do some yoga that I learned for about
    0:10:31 two or three minutes, and I’ll do another set of push-ups, and then I’ll go to my next abs thing,
    0:10:37 which is a crunch-like crossover, and then I’ll do a two and a half minute plank, and then I’ll do
    0:10:42 more yoga, slightly different, and I’ll do another set of push-ups, and then I’ll do my third set,
    0:10:48 which is crossover sit-ups, and I’ll then do a third plank of two minutes, I’m decreasing each
    0:10:54 time, then I’ll do some more yoga, and then I’ll do my fourth set of push-ups, and then I’ll do my
    0:11:00 fourth, which is a flutter kick, 60 flutter kicks followed by static, then I’ll do my fourth plank,
    0:11:05 which is now a minute and a half, and then I’ll come back, and I’ve only do four sets of push-ups,
    0:11:10 so the last time I don’t do push-ups, I then do one more set of the crunch-like, and I’ll flip
    0:11:16 over to my last plank, which is one minute, and then I’ll do some final yoga, and that’ll take me
    0:11:23 about 45 to 50 minutes, then I’ll leave my house and go to the gym, because my gym opens at 530,
    0:11:28 it’s three blocks from my house. I assume we mean am. Yeah, so I can do all this from 430, I get it,
    0:11:34 if I get up at four, I can do all that from 430 to about 525, 25, go down to my gym, and then when
    0:11:41 I get to the gym, I do four sets of pull-ups, alternated with incline bench press, alternated
    0:11:49 with standing curls, and then in that, I’ll also do these one-legged things, balance exercises,
    0:11:54 as the break between them, I was taught that was good for balance and whatnot, and I’ll do a few
    0:12:01 other things in that, and I can do all that in 30, 35 minutes, so by 615, 620, I can be done at the
    0:12:08 gym, head back home, get cleaned up, and then start work. Ready to rock and roll. Yeah, and why is
    0:12:13 exercise important to you, both when you are overseas and at home? Maybe the reasons differ,
    0:12:20 but why is that routine ritual important? I think it’s several things. There’s a certain self-image,
    0:12:27 you know, I think that if I was struggling with my weight, or if I was not as fit as I wanted
    0:12:31 people to perceive me, and I couldn’t perceive myself that way, I think my own self-esteem would
    0:12:36 suffer, and particularly over life now, whenever I’m injured, and I have a slight period, it bothers
    0:12:41 me a lot, so I think that’s part of it. Second is the military. There’s an expectation. If you are
    0:12:47 not a physical leader in the kind of organizations that Chris and I were in, if you can’t do those
    0:12:51 things physically, you don’t have to do it better than everybody else, but you have to do it credibly
    0:12:57 and they can look up to, then I think your status in the organization is going to go down. When I
    0:13:03 was left Ranger Battalion Command in 1996, and I went off to spend a year at Harvard, and I remember
    0:13:06 one of my non-commissioned officers said, “So what do you do at Harvard?” I said, “I’m going to study.”
    0:13:12 He says, “You’re going to work out?” And I said, “Yeah, presumably I will.” And he goes, “You know,
    0:13:17 you come back here with a PhD, but you’re out of shape. We’re going to have a word for you and it
    0:13:25 ain’t going to be doctor.” And I just thought that was so good. It also puts a discipline in the day.
    0:13:31 I find that if the day is terrible or whatever, but I worked out, at the end of the day, I’d go,
    0:13:36 “Well, I had a good workout.” No matter what happens, when the Rolling Stone article came out,
    0:13:40 it came out about 1.30 in the morning. I found out about it. I made a couple calls.
    0:13:44 I knew we had a big problem and I went, put my clothes on and I ran for an hour,
    0:13:51 clear my head, stressed myself. Didn’t make it go away, but that was something that I do
    0:13:57 in those situations. For me, I try to wave diversifying my identity in a way so that if
    0:14:01 everything else is suffering, if I’m losing it, everything else for factors outside of my control,
    0:14:09 at least the bar doesn’t care. Stan, what book or books have you gifted the most to other people?
    0:14:15 I have probably given the most copies of a book written in 1968 by Anton Myrer called Once an
    0:14:20 Eagle. It’s a story of two characters, both who entered the military right during the First World
    0:14:26 War, and it follows them up through the Second World War and, in fact, into the post-war years.
    0:14:32 On the one level, it’s a little simplistic. There’s one who is wealthy and ambitious and
    0:14:36 somewhat unscrupulous, and the other who is a Nebraska farm boy who wins a Medal of Honor and
    0:14:41 thrifty, brave, clean, reverent, etc. But it’s actually more complex than that because it takes
    0:14:48 us through a whole career with all the nuances of army life, the difficulties of peacetime service,
    0:14:53 slow promotions, and then the challenges of war and their personal side as well.
    0:15:00 And I gave that to a tremendous number of young officers and NCOs with whom I serve,
    0:15:04 because I thought it was a good window to them that the military seems like the day you’re living,
    0:15:09 but it’s really a life, it’s a career, and it’s going to have an arc and it’s going to have ups
    0:15:14 and downs and left and right, just like your personal life is. And so I found that really valuable.
    0:15:20 I’d love for you to just talk about your experience with Major Barato. I think it was
    0:15:25 your first meeting. If you could talk about that a bit, I think it seems to be a key turning
    0:15:30 point for you. Yeah, it really was. Several things happened. I had entered West Point and I was from
    0:15:35 an army family and I had expectations of myself, but my first two years at West Point were difficult.
    0:15:43 I got in a lot of trouble for discipline, my own immaturity. I didn’t do well academically because
    0:15:47 I didn’t know how to study and I didn’t study very hard. I really didn’t take West Point very
    0:15:52 seriously and it was also heavy on math and sciences and so that was not my strong suit.
    0:15:59 So by the end of my sophomore year, I wasn’t ready to quit, but I was having a crisis of
    0:16:04 confidence. I had gone through some things. I had applied to go to Ranger School as a cadet,
    0:16:08 which they let a small number each year. And in the spring of my sophomore year for that summer,
    0:16:13 they said, “You can’t because your record is, your lack of discipline is bad enough.
    0:16:19 You can’t go to Ranger School.” And I was really crushed. So I went that summer and I went off to
    0:16:24 training and whatnot. They sent me around the army to do different things. And I came back that fall
    0:16:28 and we had changed tactical officers. Now, I’d had a nice tactical officer the first two years,
    0:16:33 but I don’t really think, I mean, he tolerated my two years of problems.
    0:16:37 And is a tactical officer like a residential advisor in college or something like that?
    0:16:42 A little like that. You have a commissioned officer, a captain or a major for each company,
    0:16:46 which has about 120 cadets in it. And they don’t live in the company. They’re not there every day,
    0:16:51 but they are responsible for the company. So they have an office a couple hundred meters away and
    0:16:56 they’re responsible for overseeing the cadet chain of command on discipline and they’ll come down
    0:17:01 and inspect things. And they’re also mentors and whatnot. And so after the first couple years,
    0:17:07 I came back and I expected to have this new tactical officer, my first in briefing and
    0:17:12 counseling. He brings each person in together. I expected him to look at my record and then
    0:17:15 give me the riot act for, you know, all my problems and shortcomings and whatnot.
    0:17:21 And I sat down with him and he’d been, he’s a special forces officer. He sat down and he goes,
    0:17:25 “Well, I’m looking at your record here.” And he says, “I think you’re going to be a great cadet
    0:17:32 and a great army officer.” And I literally said, “I think you got the files in this place because
    0:17:37 this is Stan McChrystal.” And he said, “No, no, I got it.” He goes, “I’m looking at you. You know,
    0:17:42 you’ve gone outside the boundaries a couple of times.” He said, “But your peer ratings are really
    0:17:47 good. My peers were reflecting confidence and whatnot.” He says, “I think you’re going to do great.”
    0:17:54 And it was amazing. It was transformational because sort of like that kid in elementary school,
    0:17:58 where suddenly they start to say, “You do have high potential. We just got to pull this out.”
    0:18:05 And I had also started seriously dating, now my wife of 38 years, dating her then. So after my
    0:18:10 first two years of my mis-spent youth, I’d say, I suddenly was dating someone seriously. So I had
    0:18:15 this tack who believed with me, I was going to settle down more because I was dating one person.
    0:18:22 And I could sort of see the end. And for me, West Point was this dark tunnel you went into just to
    0:18:27 go be an Army officer. If it could have been done in a weekend, I’d have been happy to do that.
    0:18:32 I didn’t bask in the West Point experience. I just wanted to be an Army officer. And West
    0:18:36 Point seemed like the best place to do it. And suddenly I could see, it was two years out,
    0:18:41 but I could see the reality of it. Here was a special forces combat veteran who was telling
    0:18:47 me he thought I’d be good for that world. What effect did that have on you? Well, I think it
    0:18:52 caused me one, you don’t want to let somebody down who’s got faith in you. If somebody doesn’t
    0:18:56 have faith in you, they say, I think you’re a screw up. You go, well, okay, if I screw up,
    0:19:01 but you know, but if somebody says, no, I really have trust in you, I trust you’re going to do
    0:19:07 really well. It gives you a new sense of loyalty to someone. You don’t want to let them down. Plus,
    0:19:13 he’s now put on the table in front of everybody. You can do this. It’s up to you. He didn’t say it
    0:19:20 that way, but it was clear. That’s what he’d done. So it changed my opinion for lots of reasons,
    0:19:24 this being one of my grade point average skyrocketed my last two years and I finished on
    0:19:29 the Dean’s List and all which was for me nosebleed territory. But it was a lot because of the way
    0:19:35 people around me just started shaping my expectations. The question of selection and training is
    0:19:40 really fascinating to me for all of these different stages in a military career or a
    0:19:44 sort of private sector career. If you had, and this may be a difficult question, but if you had, say,
    0:19:50 100 athletes, civilian athletes, and I say athletes just to take the physical component
    0:19:55 largely out of it. This question came from reading about the nine week Ranger course
    0:20:03 at Fort Benning, I guess. So if you had 100 athletes and had eight weeks to train 20 of them
    0:20:09 for combat, how would you select them and how would you train them? Very interesting. And just as an
    0:20:14 aside, the young man, the Yale graduate who worked with me on the memoirs you read is in his final
    0:20:20 week of Ranger school now. So he’s lost a boatload of weight and he comes out and he’s a specialist
    0:20:26 in second Ranger battalion. So he read about it, studied it, and now made the decision to go do it.
    0:20:30 It’ll be interesting to hear him after he comes out. If I was going to prepare people for combat,
    0:20:36 if you assume that they can do the basic skills, they can shoot a weapon, they can do first aid,
    0:20:41 they can do those things. If they can’t do those, obviously you’ve got to teach them the things that
    0:20:46 are absolutely required. But if you assume that most people come out of basic training,
    0:20:52 initial training with those technical skills, I’d spend times on things that do two things.
    0:20:57 The first would be to push themselves. After World War II, when they talked to organizations
    0:21:02 that had then been through combat, they said what of your training was a value and what was of less
    0:21:09 value. They said long foot marches that forced them physically and really caused them to reach
    0:21:14 down inside themselves like distance running was invaluable. And the second was live fire training
    0:21:21 on courses that was as realistic as it could be. There was the stress, there was the sense of danger,
    0:21:28 although they were set up to inherently be safe. That required it. To that I would add dealing with
    0:21:34 uncertainty. I would try to put people in cases where they have to make decisions with absolutely
    0:21:40 incomplete knowledge and they have got to live with the results of that and often it’ll be bad and
    0:21:47 what do they do then? How do you simulate, oh actually this brings up perhaps red teaming,
    0:21:52 maybe, maybe not. But how do you simulate, we’ll come back to that if I’m leading us in a weird
    0:21:57 direction, but how do you simulate that uncertainty or role play that uncertainty? Are there good
    0:22:02 ways to do that? There were a number of ways to do that to make tough decisions and whatnot. I had a,
    0:22:07 when I was a regimental commander, a colonel of the range regiment, put together an exercise that
    0:22:12 was designed to test them with uncertainty but also with a no-win decision. And so what we did
    0:22:18 was we went to a battalion on no notice and we alerted them and we took a company of rangers,
    0:22:23 put them on airplanes and flew them to Texas and then did a parachute assault and their mission
    0:22:29 was to then move from the drop zone to this town and rescue a bunch of Americans who were there
    0:22:34 working non-profits and whatnot. And they were then to police them up, bring them out to an
    0:22:40 airfield and be extracted, pretty straightforward. And so they parachuted in and as they moved toward
    0:22:47 this town, they’re told that there are a small number of enemy forces there, 10 or so, enough
    0:22:51 they can deal with and they develop a plan and they deal with it. Once they got into that firefight,
    0:22:57 I in fact reinforced that enemy with about 100. And so suddenly what happened is they get in a
    0:23:02 firefight that they can’t extract from and very quickly they have wounded of their own.
    0:23:06 And so now they’re in this situation and I’m playing higher headquarters, I’m actually on the
    0:23:11 ground watching but I through my controllers, I’m playing higher headquarters and I say,
    0:23:15 “All right, your mission is to get those students out of there, get them out and get them to the
    0:23:21 airfield.” And they go, “Wait a minute, I’ve got 40 wounded. I can’t move my wounded. I can’t get
    0:23:27 them and I’m not going to leave them.” And I said, “We sent you for the students, get them.”
    0:23:32 And so they always try to work around. They try to say, “I need more aircraft, I need more forces,
    0:23:36 something to take away the constraint.” And of course they say, “Nope, nope, nope, won’t happen.
    0:23:41 You’re going to have to make the decision. You are going to pull these students out
    0:23:45 and accomplish your mission at the cost of breaking faith with your comrades or you’re
    0:23:50 going to stay there in which case you’re probably all going to get killed and the students are not
    0:23:55 going to be rescued so you’re going to be a failure.” And we would do this and it was a fascinating
    0:24:00 situation because you saw this moral dilemma on top of all the tactical dilemmas and then
    0:24:05 afterward we would have these long after-action reviews where we talked about it and the fun
    0:24:11 thing is there was no right answer. I’m really loving this example. What are you hoping them to
    0:24:15 exhibit or what are you looking for in that a scenario like that? It’s hard to say. The first
    0:24:21 thing I would say is you want them to be thoughtful. The first response from people was, “Okay,
    0:24:25 the Ranger Creed says I’ll never leave a fallen comrade so I’m not leaving a fallen comrade.
    0:24:28 We’re staying here, period.” And then you say, “Wait a minute. The President of the United
    0:24:34 States sent you to rescue those American citizens. If we fail, then what’s going to happen is we are
    0:24:38 going to have the loss of Americans and we’re going to have this embarrassment and all of these
    0:24:43 things so the nation that is relying on you, you’re going to let down.” So what’s more important?
    0:24:48 Your personal promise or the promise to the nation and your mission and whatnot.
    0:24:55 And it was this quandary that you’re looking for them to be more thoughtful than just this automatic
    0:25:01 black and white reflexive, “This is what we do because that’s what we do.” Interestingly,
    0:25:05 I didn’t have any of the companies leave the wounded. I’m not sure that wasn’t the right
    0:25:11 answer and I couldn’t tell them afterward that it was but none of them left them but they agonized
    0:25:16 over it. I mean, they tried everything they could but it was just good because I said, “Those are
    0:25:22 the situations you’re going to be in. It’s never going to be easy, this or that.” That’s a great
    0:25:28 example. So there’s some timeless principles, timeless practices. Obviously, things have evolved
    0:25:32 in many different ways in the military, private sector, technology and so on. But if we’re looking
    0:25:38 sort of in the rearview mirror, what military leaders come to mind who are most underrated,
    0:25:44 in your opinion? That’s a great question because there are people who did things for which they
    0:25:50 get huge credit and then there are other people who changed the direction of organizations. And
    0:25:56 of course, I think Ulysses S. Grant is often underrated. He’s viewed as this mechanical basher
    0:26:02 who is going to just bash the enemy into submission. And I think he was much more than
    0:26:08 that. I think he took an army that was already maturing when he took overall command of union
    0:26:13 forces but he understood the absolute truth that you had to destroy the army of the South.
    0:26:19 Capturing Richmond was interesting but it wasn’t the real point. The problem was as long as you
    0:26:24 had an existing army and that that was going to take a very focused effort that was going to be high
    0:26:29 cost and you weren’t going to lower the cost by doing it more slowly. It was cumulatively had to
    0:26:34 get it done. And I think he understood the political side of it much more than people give him credit
    0:26:39 for. So I think he’s a huge one. There’s another and I’m going to embarrass to say I can’t remember
    0:26:44 his name. There was a naval admiral between the First and Second World War who essentially championed
    0:26:48 the development of aircraft carriers. There were people who championed the development of
    0:26:54 air power and that was pretty obvious. But building aircraft carriers during that period when
    0:27:01 battleships were still king was a dangerous sort of step out there. So I think those people who
    0:27:06 push change when change is not otherwise automatically going to happen. For those people listening,
    0:27:10 I’m sure somebody listening or reading on the blog will have the answer, be able to look up
    0:27:15 that naval admiral. So please put them in the comments on the blog and then I will put it into
    0:27:22 the post. So we’ll have that. Stan, do you listen to audiobooks when you work out? All the time.
    0:27:26 It’s funny. I first used to listen to music and I get bored listening to music. So I started
    0:27:32 listening to audiobooks because if you think about time management, what I found was I love to read
    0:27:38 but particularly when we started the fight in Iraq and Afghanistan, I would have a long day. I’d
    0:27:41 have good books. I’d go back to my hooch and I’d read about a page and a half and then I’d wake
    0:27:46 up 20 minutes later with my head on the page. And so I realized I was going to have to get a
    0:27:53 better way. So I started putting audiobooks on my iPod and I like history and I like biography.
    0:27:57 And so I would put those on very eclectically and initially it was eclectic because
    0:28:02 audiobooks weren’t that prevalent and so my wife would go to the library, she’d go everywhere she
    0:28:06 could, get all these audiobooks, I’d download them onto my iPod on my computer and then put
    0:28:12 them on my iPod. And so it was whatever was available. Later as more things became available,
    0:28:18 I had a wider choice but I found that eclectic part really good. I learned to run with audiobooks.
    0:28:23 My mind will stay collected on it when I’d lift weights and I also, just because I get
    0:28:27 sort of fanatical about something, I have a little set of speakers in my bathroom.
    0:28:32 So what I do is I go in the morning and I’m listening to one book there. I turn it on and
    0:28:36 while I brush my teeth, while I shave, while I put my PT clothes on because my wife’s out in the
    0:28:41 bedroom, I’ll listen to this book and then I’ll walk out of there to go work out and I’ll have my
    0:28:45 iPod. I have another book and I’ll listen to that to know when I work out. Now it will take me
    0:28:49 quite a while of shaving time to get through a book. Those two separate books are the same.
    0:28:55 Two separate books. So I just finished a book on the South African gold and diamond trade,
    0:29:00 Cecil Rhodes and whatnot up through the Bore War. It was fascinating and it probably took me six,
    0:29:05 eight weeks of shaving time to do that. But then on these other books, I found that I go through
    0:29:10 books very, very quickly. If you’re working out an hour, hour and a half a day, you actually go
    0:29:15 through books much faster than I would if I just had reading time. And I always love to ask people
    0:29:20 who read a lot or consume many books, even in an audio format, how do you choose your books? So
    0:29:25 for instance, in this case of the diamond trade and whatnot in South Africa, why did you choose
    0:29:29 that book? I go on audible.com and I buy this package deal where you get a whole bunch of credits
    0:29:35 and I look at the history first and I look at what’s trending new just to see if what’s trending
    0:29:44 new. I tend to like sweeping history stories of an era that’s 20, 30, 40 years or big projects
    0:29:48 like the building of the Panama Canal, building of the Boulder Dam because they get a beginning,
    0:29:55 middle and an end and challenges or biographies. And I will also do binge reading, meaning I went
    0:30:01 through a period where I read about wailing and I read like five wailing books together. Or I’ll
    0:30:07 read biographies or something about the founding fathers and I did seven or eight George Washington
    0:30:13 and other founding fathers. And because they’re all, you know, mutually overlapping, it’s very
    0:30:17 interesting because suddenly you know more about the era and the new one is more interesting
    0:30:22 because it’s filling in holes. And so I’ll binge on one subject for a while and then on another
    0:30:27 subject. Oh, God, this gives me all sorts of ideas for how I can spend yet more time reading books.
    0:30:34 So you mentioned the hopeless dilemma earlier where you should have engineered putting people
    0:30:38 into a situation where none of the options are attractive. We’re here in Silicon Valley. A lot
    0:30:43 of people fashion themselves warriors of one sense or another and they read Sun Tzu art of war
    0:30:47 and they think of their business as very high stakes. But ultimately in the field,
    0:30:50 I mean, you guys are dealing with life and death decisions. So I’d love to hear
    0:30:57 in the cases where something goes wrong. So you make a decision, people go out on a raid,
    0:31:04 there are more fatalities than expected. And you have to operate rationally and effectively the
    0:31:12 next day. What would your internal self talk sound like? And then what would you say to the team
    0:31:17 to get them ready for the next day? A little bit of historical context. If you think about it,
    0:31:22 you can compare this earlier times of war. But the first part of after 2001, we were
    0:31:29 worried about al-Qaeda, worried about Afghanistan. We went in it was turned out to be remarkably rapid
    0:31:34 and relatively speaking low cost in terms of casualties and whatnot. And then Iraq,
    0:31:39 actually the invasion turned out to be the same way. So there got to be this sense that,
    0:31:44 okay, this isn’t that hard. It’s not going to take this long and the cost will not be hard.
    0:31:49 We have a few fallen heroes and we celebrate them, but we don’t think it’s going to be a grinding
    0:31:56 attrition. Then as we got into the difficult area after fall of 2003 and got into 2004 and
    0:32:02 2005, something different happens. One, we started to realize this was going to be very hard. And
    0:32:10 every time we lost a comrade, they were not going to be the last. And that’s a different mindset
    0:32:15 because then people start to make their personal calculation. They said, how long can I do this
    0:32:22 before the roulette wheel hits me? And is it going to even come out right? If we pay all this price,
    0:32:24 are we going to have a successful outcome? And that’s a different mindset as well.
    0:32:31 What I found myself was, if you stay focused on the mission and everybody
    0:32:37 understands the cost of that, when you have an outcome where people are killed or wounded,
    0:32:43 if you let yourself freeze up with either the self-doubt that maybe you made a mistake or
    0:32:52 this sense that there’s just no exit to this maze, then of course, I think it’s very difficult to
    0:32:58 make those kinds of calls. You can find yourself locked up. In the summer of 2005, I had found
    0:33:03 that we just couldn’t do what we had to do without bringing more of our force over. We had a third
    0:33:08 of our force deployed all the time and then two-thirds back training and getting ready. And that was
    0:33:13 about the tempo we could maintain for a long, long time. But we had a period when we needed
    0:33:17 two-thirds of the force in the fight. And mathematically, of course, because the last
    0:33:23 thirds back on alert in the U.S., that’s not indefinitely sustainable. And just at the time,
    0:33:28 we made the decision to do that, we started taking a bunch of casualties. And when you take
    0:33:34 casualties in a very elite force, it’s not the nameless rifleman at the end of the squad that
    0:33:41 nobody knows. It is Chris, who I have served with for 10 years, on the Godfather to one of his kids.
    0:33:47 I’m married to his sister. I mean, that’s the effect. T. E. Lawrence writes about it as “ripples
    0:33:52 in a pool that go out through these small communities, tribes.” And really, our forces were a tribe.
    0:34:00 So suddenly, the effect of that can cause you to be even more impacted by. Ulysses S. Grant used to
    0:34:06 say that he didn’t visit hospitals much because he found if he went and he saw the terrible carnage
    0:34:12 for which he was responsible, he’d lose his nerve to command it. So what I think happens is you
    0:34:18 don’t become detached from the loss and you don’t go into denial. What I found is you keep yourself
    0:34:25 focused on the objective. And you say, “This is what we are doing. This is important. This is
    0:34:31 attainable. And the steps we are taking to it are the best steps I can figure out. They’re
    0:34:37 responsibly arrived at to the best of my ability. And they are judiciously executed to the best of
    0:34:42 what we can do.” So this would be potentially what you just said what you would sort of remind
    0:34:47 yourself of in those moments? Yeah. And of course, you don’t say that quite that explicitly in the
    0:34:53 organization. But the first thing you do when an organization suffers a loss is not tell them,
    0:35:01 you know, don’t let people marinate in their grief. They can grieve. When I was in Afghanistan,
    0:35:07 the German army got in a firefight and they had four of their soldiers killed. And it was the first
    0:35:13 four German soldiers killed in combat since World War II. And so I flew up to be with this company
    0:35:17 and they were literally in shock and they were all in this room trying to figure out how do you
    0:35:23 process this? Because we go to war every few years. The Germans fathers hadn’t been at war.
    0:35:28 Maybe their grandfathers had and certainly no one in active duty had ever had a soldier killed in
    0:35:34 combat under their command or a comrade. So they were trying to figure out how to figure this out.
    0:35:39 How to process the whole thing. Exactly. And so what I told them was that’s what happens in war.
    0:35:46 The enemy gets to do that. You get to kill him. He gets to kill you. And what you do is you get
    0:35:51 right back at it and you get right back at it right away and stay focused. And that’s I think
    0:35:55 the best catharsis you can do difficult as it is. Get back on the horse. Exactly.
    0:36:02 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show.
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    0:37:16 And now Liv Bere, winner of both the European Poker Tour and World Series of Poker Championship
    0:37:24 Titles, Gaming Theorist, Futurist, Philanthropist, and host of the Win Win with Liv Bere podcast.
    0:37:30 You can find Liv on Twitter and Instagram @liv_bere.
    0:37:34 Liv, welcome to the show. It’s nice to see you. Thank you for having me.
    0:37:41 And we can go so many different directions. I thought we would start, actually maybe,
    0:37:46 in a non-expected place. So I asked you before we started, what color would you prefer? Black,
    0:37:50 blue, or orange? Or I think it was yellow. Oh, that’s what it was for, it was for a mic cable?
    0:37:56 It was for a mic cable so that I can tell which line is feeding into which input on this recorder.
    0:38:01 And it certainly looks a lot better in audio, right? So it does have a certain
    0:38:08 clown car appearance to it when we do it in person with video. But when you said black,
    0:38:12 I said, I bet it’s going to be black right beforehand. And it was black. And the reason
    0:38:20 I said that is I read something about you and Metallica. And to get into the zone coming here
    0:38:25 on the driveover, I listened to Orion, the remastered version. Oh, great choice. Nice choice.
    0:38:30 Very, very, yeah. Because my first, now we’re really getting off track here, but that’s okay,
    0:38:35 there is no track. My very first album I ever bought was on cassette tape and it was Master of
    0:38:48 Puppets. And can you guess why I bring up Metallica? Well, they were my love that boarded on an
    0:38:55 unhealthy obsession from the ages of like 16 to 22. So that’s probably, I would guess,
    0:38:58 why you brought it up. I don’t know how you would know that though.
    0:39:01 Well, you know, we do research over here, metalinsider.net.
    0:39:07 The Iron Maiden of the poker world, they called you and there’s a short
    0:39:16 discussion of the unforgiven. And this led you, I guess, in some respects into
    0:39:19 guitar. Do you still play guitar? I don’t. You don’t, but you did for a period of time.
    0:39:25 I did. Yeah. From like 16 or 17 till 24, basically until poker took over.
    0:39:31 So do you then have typically one obsession at a time? Do you ever have multiple obsessions
    0:39:38 simultaneously or do you tend to have one obsessive fixation and that is where you put your energy?
    0:39:46 I used to. I used to be very, a shiny new activity would come along and I would,
    0:39:51 if it ticked enough boxes, I’ll be like, I have to become the best at this. I would rarely become
    0:39:56 the best at it, but I would certainly go down the rabbit hole deep enough to become proficient.
    0:40:04 And I was like that, I would say, until some point in my, probably my early 30s,
    0:40:09 some point around the age of 30, where I lost that a little bit. And in some ways that’s good,
    0:40:14 because it means I can try greater breadth of things, but it comes a little bit at the cost of
    0:40:18 men not ever picking. And I’m currently struggling with the fact that I’m being
    0:40:22 too much of a jack-of-all-trades master of none, like not knowing what I’m going to be focusing
    0:40:27 on YouTube or maybe I should just do speeches or maybe I should actually just start a company
    0:40:32 and give up on this silly like public facing stuff. It can be a bit of a blessing in a curse,
    0:40:38 I guess, not fixating on one particular thing, but certainly as a teenager, I was, I don’t know,
    0:40:42 certainly with metal, because I think, you know, with teenagers, so often you don’t,
    0:40:47 because you haven’t formed your identity yet, you will form it typically around a genre of music.
    0:40:51 Sure. I was metalhead, which is… You were a metalhead? Oh, for sure. Oh, so, right. So,
    0:40:55 yeah, you get it. Like, and metal is so… I mean, I say was as if it’s past 10s.
    0:41:00 If I’m in the gym, I’m still a metalhead. Right, exactly. But you don’t look it,
    0:41:04 you don’t live it in your visual… No, I mean, I have, like, from the neck up,
    0:41:10 I definitely have the sort of early era, well, actually, no, like mid-era Pantera look to me.
    0:41:14 Oh, that’s a Philan Selmo, like a little bit, you know, Philan Selmo after he’s
    0:41:20 volgar display of power era or whatever. Yeah. So, I was kind of uncool until the age of 16,
    0:41:24 and then metal came along and I was like, “Oh, this is what I was waiting for.”
    0:41:29 And then I just went all out, you know, I had the piercings, red hair, black hair, blue hair,
    0:41:35 the guitar, and just would not listen to anything but metal. And not just, like,
    0:41:40 new metal. I hated new metal, no corn or anything like that. No, I wanted a really heavy shit.
    0:41:44 Like Pantera was like, that was like a nice day on the beach. You know, I’m talking like
    0:41:50 dimu bogear, bosom, you know, some of the Swedish black metal or Norwegian black metal.
    0:41:54 Once you get to the Scandinavian death metal and you’ve gone really deep.
    0:41:59 Yeah, exactly. But Metallica were a huge forming part of that. They were the one sort
    0:42:03 of classic metal band that I still was like, I just loved so deeply.
    0:42:09 All right, let’s paint a picture here. What was your, the age range of your competitive
    0:42:14 poker career? And then we’re going to back into that by going to some very early,
    0:42:18 early chapters. But what was the span? Cause I’m trying to overlay that on what you just said.
    0:42:28 So I first learned to play poker aged 21. Yeah, it was 2005. I just graduated uni.
    0:42:32 Didn’t really know what I wanted to do. I thought I was going to carry on in physics,
    0:42:38 but I decided to take a gap here because I mean, when I first started taking physics,
    0:42:40 I was like, oh, I’m definitely doing this. This is so interesting. I love it. But then
    0:42:45 the more time I got to spend with like PhD students or even people doing their masters,
    0:42:51 they seemed, I don’t know, they just didn’t seem very happy and they weren’t very, I don’t know,
    0:42:54 just personality wise. I was wondering if it was actually going to work for me,
    0:42:58 because all I really wanted to do was go out partying and clubbing and go, you know,
    0:43:03 see rock shows, metal shows. And I was also still wanting to be a rock star at the time.
    0:43:06 And I was like, I just don’t know if this is going to quite work. Me sitting in a lab,
    0:43:10 you know, fiddling around with lasers. So I decided to take a gap here. And
    0:43:16 I think I signed up. Oh, I was doing like random, like goth modeling sometimes.
    0:43:22 As one does in their gap year. Right. Well, you know, just any way I could make some money.
    0:43:27 And I thought, I don’t know, I enjoyed dressing up in my heavy metal costumes as often as possible.
    0:43:31 And I was like, if I can get paid to do that, that’d be great. I also got paid to be a cage
    0:43:36 dancer in rock clubs in London. Yeah. Well, you know, I was admiring the boots.
    0:43:41 On the way in, this is a, this is a shill’s household. So thank you for accommodating.
    0:43:49 This is not my least metal sock ever. These are gray and pink stripes socks with hearts all over
    0:43:55 them. So yes, it’s like the heart exterior, the goth death metal exterior. And then like the soft
    0:44:01 sweet inside. I don’t understand how much pain I’m in. Actually, the fact that this is these,
    0:44:05 I have so many, like most of my socks are black. I just just grabbed whatever I needed to.
    0:44:10 So goth modeling, which I also did during my gap year, totally lying. I’m kidding.
    0:44:16 And I wish I, I wish I could have. So goth modeling, cage dancing. And then
    0:44:23 I think I signed up for this like website that would advertise different TV shows or modeling
    0:44:27 opportunities, that kind of thing. And I remember seeing an ad which said something like,
    0:44:31 could you use your powers of skill and deception to win a hundred thousand pounds on TV?
    0:44:36 And seeing as I was rapidly getting pretty damn broke, because dancing in a
    0:44:42 rock club cage doesn’t pay you anything really. And, you know, I had some student debt mounted up
    0:44:47 and really didn’t want to get a real job for, you know, my parents were like, you have to,
    0:44:50 what are you doing? You’ve moved to London, get a job. So I was like, okay, I’m going to,
    0:44:55 this seems reasonable. I’ve always liked, I wanted to try being on TV. I like game shows.
    0:44:59 This seems like a game show. I’ll apply. Turns out they wouldn’t tell us what,
    0:45:03 what it was that we were applying for because they needed to keep it a secret.
    0:45:06 But turns out it was a reality show that was looking for five beginners
    0:45:13 at poker to teach them how to play. And the sort of loose scientific premise was
    0:45:17 they were looking for five different personality types to see which, you know,
    0:45:20 is most suited for the game. So I got selected for that.
    0:45:22 What was your personality type?
    0:45:26 They called me the professor. I mean, I could see it.
    0:45:32 I could see it. I was, I literally turned up in skin tight tiger prints, bandics, self-made
    0:45:39 trousers. Now, did you do that because they had put you in the professor category? Was that a
    0:45:44 rebellion, an active rebellion? Or did that just come out of your, genuinely how I dressed?
    0:45:50 Your style emoting. No, it was, it was my genuine appearance. As I said, I lived and breathed metal.
    0:45:53 Sounds good for TV. Right. And I think that’s probably why they selected me honestly,
    0:46:01 like very overconfident to the point of like cocky 21 year old brat who was unheard of with
    0:46:06 21 year olds. I just thought I was the smartest person in the world. And I think I even said
    0:46:10 something like that in the interview, like the audition. And they’re like, oh, we’re definitely
    0:46:13 bringing you in. Yeah, this is going to be a good one. And I didn’t disappoint because
    0:46:18 I ended up having a complete meltdown on the show. I’m so glad this is not on the internet.
    0:46:23 Basically on the final, I think we played like seven preliminary rounds where we would
    0:46:27 the five of us would play and then like that would accumulate points. And those points were
    0:46:33 translate into chips for the final game where we would play for the 100,000. And I was winning,
    0:46:39 you know, I was leading going into that. And clearly I had a knack for the game. And I remember the
    0:46:43 hosts and the professionals that they bought on the show to teach us were like, oh, you’re
    0:46:47 definitely going to win. You know, you are the most talented at this. So I was so sure I was
    0:46:53 going to win this thing. And then I ended up making not to get too technical, but basically I
    0:46:58 misread my hand. I misread the board. I made a straight on the river. The opponent bet.
    0:47:03 I was so excited. I was like, I raise, which was basically all my chips. And then I looked at the
    0:47:07 board again and noticed there were four diamonds out there. And I didn’t have my, I had two black
    0:47:16 cards and audibly went, oh, no, I’m not, I’m no professional, but is that what one would call
    0:47:25 a tell? Yeah, that is, that is a tell. Do not do that. And the, my opponent, it was a really nice
    0:47:30 guy called Lee was like, well, I guess she doesn’t have a diamond. And he was like, I’m all in.
    0:47:36 And instead of again, keeping my, my cool or anything, I just started crying, like melted
    0:47:42 down the producers of high fiving. Literally. And I’m like, oh, Liv, what’s the matter?
    0:47:46 Tell us more. And I was like, you know, makeup everywhere. I think I like run away from the
    0:47:51 table. They try and follow me with a camera. It was just, you know, classic reality TV meltdown
    0:47:56 stuff. So that was my intro to poker. But I just completely fell in the love of the game.
    0:48:00 And funny enough, while I was in the, during the filming of that, which took two months,
    0:48:07 I went to a local card club in London to try and get some practice. And they had this
    0:48:13 now sort of infamous, this five pound rebuy. So, you know, it was the cheapest tournament they had.
    0:48:16 What is a rebuy? A rebuy means that if you, for the first hour or so,
    0:48:21 if you bust out, you can just buy back in again. So considering it was only five pound entry,
    0:48:25 you can imagine it’s just pandemonium. Everyone’s going in every single hand.
    0:48:28 And people will easily like spend like a hundred pounds in their entry overall, you know,
    0:48:32 20 rebies. Good for the house. Yeah. But I turned up with 10 pounds because I was like, well,
    0:48:36 it’s a five pound tournament. Why would I ever need more than, you know, five pound for the entry
    0:48:41 and five pound to buy a drink? And that will be my, my day. So you’re like, you’re like a player
    0:48:47 in a video game with two lives where everybody else has like a hundred lives. Right. Yeah.
    0:48:52 And most people were doing that. Yes. Only for the first hour. Then once after that period ends,
    0:48:58 then if you bust out, you’re out. This is the first tournament I ever play. And I enter this thing,
    0:49:04 somehow get through this carnage period in the, in the first hour. The zombies.
    0:49:08 I think I did. Yeah. I think I did three by once with my other five pounds. So I didn’t buy a drink.
    0:49:13 And anyway, I ended up winning it. I ended up playing till five in the morning. It was like
    0:49:17 120 people in it. And then I came home. I remember just having this, you know, they paid me out in
    0:49:22 tens and 20s. I think 750 pounds or something like that, which was more money. So I’d never seen that
    0:49:27 amount of cash before. Just so much money. And I remember going home to my boyfriend at the time
    0:49:33 and waking him up at five AM and just throwing the cash on him. Like, this is the best thing ever.
    0:49:37 This is my game. I must be the best in the world. Like, you know, it’s my first ever tournament,
    0:49:42 basically. And I win it. So even though the TV show did not go well and I didn’t win the 100
    0:49:48 grand, I’d already got the bug basically from that little win. So let me weave through this and
    0:49:58 inspect a bit because I have many questions. What do you think helped you during the show itself
    0:50:03 to make it to the final table? What were some of, whether they’re your characteristics,
    0:50:10 things you learned, things you observed, trained abilities, anything that comes to mind
    0:50:16 that you think helped in the very early nascent stages of that tournament? Yeah. The TV show.
    0:50:23 Right. The TV show. And then I have more questions. I mean, I think the thing that was most helpful
    0:50:32 early on for me in poker was I was just so pathologically competitive. I just had to win
    0:50:37 and like prove that I was the best in this thing. And that translated to just more study time.
    0:50:42 Just, yeah, just like this like laser focus and then there’s like ruthlessness because the thing
    0:50:48 about poker is that you actually, you do have to be really ruthless in the game. In what sense?
    0:50:52 In terms of what bluffing people, if you’re not comfortable with bluffing someone at the poker
    0:50:55 table, which I don’t think a lot of people say, oh, it’s lying. It’s like, it’s not really lying.
    0:51:00 No, it’s just a form of, it’s a strategy within a game as defined by the rules of the game. It’s an
    0:51:05 integral part of it. It’s sanctioned lying. Right. If you’re not willing to do that, then
    0:51:14 it’s not the game for you. And play chess. Right. And then you have to be just willing to,
    0:51:21 I guess, just really laser in and pay deep attention to what is going on because technically
    0:51:24 at any given moment, even if you’re not in hand, there’s really valuable information
    0:51:30 being exchanged about the way people, you know, the types of cards people play,
    0:51:33 the way that their bodies move when they’re uncomfortable versus comfortable.
    0:51:37 Are they a naturally aggressive person or are they naturally scared? What are the things that
    0:51:42 make them scared? Et cetera. And certainly in the beginning, I was just, because I didn’t know
    0:51:47 anything about the actual statistical sort of the mechanics of the game, all I could rely on was
    0:51:51 the, you know, the stuff I knew, which was looking, looking for when people are bluffing.
    0:51:56 So looking for when people are bluffing. Okay. So let me ask you about the statistical side,
    0:52:02 because you’re coming out of physics. You have, it would seem a huge competitive advantage.
    0:52:09 Why would you not begin to study the tables and the statistics and so on?
    0:52:11 Well, I did too. You did that as well.
    0:52:16 And the thing is that the statistics required in poker to actually be, you know, at a high level
    0:52:19 are you’re not going to learn within the first month.
    0:52:20 Sure. Right.
    0:52:25 And also people didn’t even really know, because this is 2005, even the top players in the world
    0:52:30 back then didn’t really understand game theory. Like even an average player understands it today.
    0:52:36 So I read all the books I could get my hands on, you know, so I guess my sort of physics training
    0:52:41 helped to an extent with, with being willing to just like dive in and research on this like,
    0:52:46 on a big amorphous topic and, you know, not even clear directions of where to start.
    0:52:52 That probably gave me a bit of an advantage there. And then presumably I have a higher
    0:52:59 than average IQ from physics. Exactly. It really helps. And all the drinking and guitar playing
    0:53:06 and chasing after rock stars. Yeah. But it, which I think obviously helps in any kind of strategic
    0:53:11 game. But honestly, the thing about poker is the beautiful thing about poker in fact,
    0:53:17 is that if you’re talking about one night, you can have the literal best player in the world,
    0:53:23 a medium player, complete beginners, and provided everyone knows the basic rules,
    0:53:28 then technically anyone can win. It’s only over the long run does anything actually
    0:53:34 meaningful start happening. And so even in this TV show where we played, I think,
    0:53:40 eight different games, statistically, it’s not that meaningful the results over that time period.
    0:53:47 There’s so much luck going on. And I didn’t realize that early on in the game. In some ways,
    0:53:51 you know, like winning that big tournament early on was, was not a big tournament that the five
    0:53:56 pound rebuy. It gave me an immense amount of confidence and love for the game, which I think
    0:54:01 had I not had, I wouldn’t have then pursued it as much as I did. But it can also delude you a
    0:54:05 little bit because I then just assumed, oh, okay, well, I’m going to win this. There isn’t that
    0:54:09 much luck. It’s just who’s the best player wins. And I think that’s partly why it was such a
    0:54:12 kick in the face when I screwed up and didn’t win the 100,000.
    0:54:19 When you say you fell in love with the game, aside from things that maybe you’ve mentioned already,
    0:54:25 what made you fall in love with it? What was so appealing? There’s an inherent excitement to it.
    0:54:25 Right.
    0:54:27 Of course, because there’s a blending of skill and chance.
    0:54:28 Yes.
    0:54:30 And money. I mean, there’s stakes.
    0:54:32 Right. We’re actually just winning the potential of just winning,
    0:54:38 you know, making a living where I don’t have to go and sit in an office and I can do that.
    0:54:39 That was obviously a big carrot.
    0:54:44 But there’s just so many different skills that it draws upon.
    0:54:47 So there’s the statistical side, you know, the scientific side.
    0:54:53 There’s the game theory. If you really want to dive deep into math, and I mean, these days you
    0:54:58 can, you know, work with simulators, you know, computer science stuff, basically, and go in that
    0:55:03 angle. But then you’ve also got this more, there’s like an art to it as well, you know,
    0:55:08 of a psychology meant trying to mentally model what level someone is thinking at and
    0:55:11 be one step ahead of they’re going to zig, you’re going to zag, that kind of thing.
    0:55:15 And then also just like, I mean, there’s a scientific way to read body language.
    0:55:18 But sometimes you just get like a vibe that you can’t explain.
    0:55:22 So there’s just so many different approaches you can take to it.
    0:55:24 And like today, I’m going to work on my body language reading.
    0:55:28 And today, I’m going to work on my pot odds and my combinatorics.
    0:55:33 And so there’s never a dull moment. And there’s always a new situation as well.
    0:55:38 Like even after playing for 10, 15 years, I’ll still see something crazy with like the cards
    0:55:43 run out like straight flush against the box, that kind of stuff. Like these incredibly rare
    0:55:48 scenarios will sometimes happen. And or people will do weird things or some strange ruling will
    0:55:51 happen that like everyone scratching their heads like, I don’t know what the right call is here.
    0:55:54 It’s there’s such depth and complexity to the game.
    0:55:58 Okay, so I’m going to admit something. It’s embarrassing.
    0:56:03 I’ve been fascinated and drawn to poker for a very long time.
    0:56:06 And I’ve never learned how to play properly.
    0:56:07 No way.
    0:56:07 It’s true.
    0:56:08 Wow.
    0:56:10 There are many excuses I may have for this.
    0:56:15 One of them is that friends of mine, like a guy named Jason Calcanus,
    0:56:18 want me to play, but it’s mostly because he wants to take all my money
    0:56:21 because he’s going to be far better than I am.
    0:56:24 And that’s a compliment, Jason.
    0:56:27 I’ll teach you how to beat Jason.
    0:56:33 And a lot of these investors are very confident. I know some of them certainly,
    0:56:38 particularly the quants who have observed from afar seem to be pretty confident.
    0:56:50 I had a little bite of the bug probably five years ago when I did an episode of a TV show
    0:56:57 bringing it back to TV where I trained for a week or five days probably to play heads up
    0:57:02 against a whole cohort of folks, including some pros.
    0:57:05 And I was able and I was trained by, I want to give him credit, Phil Gordon for that.
    0:57:13 And for a very short period of time until the next skill I had to learn for the next episode,
    0:57:17 pushed it right out of my head, had a lot of fun with heads up.
    0:57:22 But one night when the filming had finished and I was like, you know, let me go try just a regular
    0:57:30 table. And I got slaughtered. Like it did not translate at all, which I expected would largely
    0:57:35 be the case, but I just got dismembered. I mean, well, heads up is a very different game.
    0:57:37 Playing against eight people.
    0:57:41 Yeah, totally. So yeah, one on one, a totally, totally different game.
    0:57:47 But it’s actually brought back in a way my love of mathematics and statistics, which I lost
    0:57:52 not to make this like a confessional, but I lost it in 10th grade because I had this one teacher
    0:57:57 who just had this huge axe to grind with the boys in the class. And almost all the boys ended up
    0:58:02 quitting math or avoiding it after that class. My brother had the opposite experience and then
    0:58:08 later became a PhD in statistics. So it’s amazing to look at these divergent
    0:58:13 kind of points, right, where you have a fork in the past, depending on your experience.
    0:58:21 So my question after all that word salad is if you were to suggest a way of learning or to
    0:58:31 teach me an approach to learning regular poker, whatever that means, the type of poker I would
    0:58:35 play with my friends who are like, let’s play poker. How might you think of approaching that?
    0:58:42 Well, given that you are, I mean, you’re pretty well rounded in your personality and that you
    0:58:46 like both sort of human interactive things, but you can also nerd out really hard.
    0:58:48 Yes.
    0:58:51 I don’t think there’s really a wrong way to teach you poker. Like if I was to teach my
    0:58:57 mum or something like that, my mum is the most, sounds strange to say, but she’s the least autistic
    0:59:10 person where in that she is so able to intuit social situations and unbelievably emotionally
    0:59:16 intelligent, but phobic of math, phobic of she’s interested in sort of scientific concepts. But
    0:59:21 if you actually try and get into the technical weeds, she’s like, she cannot and she, you know,
    0:59:25 her happy. It’s like she would be in arms with Molly right now. Just like she’s just,
    0:59:31 she just feels she’s a very feel based person. And if I was to teach her the game, you know,
    0:59:37 I would take her to the table with group of fun people and, you know, we would slowly just like
    0:59:41 turn the cards over and, you know, talk through, I’ll give her the hand rankings. I mean, take it
    0:59:46 very steady in terms of like, this is look how the way that they’re acting. So they seem quite
    0:59:52 confident that, you know, that take a more the human approach to it. But I think with you,
    0:59:55 we would want to jump sort of straight into the game theory to an extent.
    1:00:02 So let me apply some parameters if I could just to allow us to conjure an image. So let’s just say
    1:00:08 he’s really going to want to take my money now, which he will probably. So let’s say I had a game
    1:00:15 with Jason and you can pick the sort of minimally viable period of time over which you think I could
    1:00:23 learn to be confident enough that I might have a chance. Is it four weeks? Is it 12 weeks?
    1:00:29 This is also not knowing how good Jason is. I have no idea because I’ve always refused to play.
    1:00:36 He’s pretty good. Okay, great. So let’s just say, you know, if luck is on my side, having some
    1:00:42 chance in hell. Well, here’s the thing. So you have a chance in hell. Anyway, if you sat down
    1:00:44 and just because it’s just going to be Jason, it’s going to be an entire table. Well, no,
    1:00:48 but even if you were playing one on one against Jason, if you guys sat down, assuming, you know,
    1:00:54 the basic rules of like which hand. Okay, but let’s, you know, assume the very basics, you know,
    1:00:59 what betting chips means and how, you know, whether you have a straight on the river or not.
    1:01:06 Assuming that you and I could sit down and play 10 hands and it’s basically 50/50.
    1:01:11 Okay, let’s say we have, you can pick the period of time of training and so
    1:01:16 however long it is. And then Jason and I are going to play a thousand hands.
    1:01:18 Exactly. Yeah, a thousand hands.
    1:01:24 Your chance of beating Jason over a thousand hands probably with like just knowing the rules is
    1:01:32 45%. That’s how crazy it is. That’s the thing. Maybe it’s a bit less than that. Maybe it’s,
    1:01:39 sorry, Jason, maybe it’s let’s say 37%. Maybe 35. I’m going to get a phone call after this.
    1:01:46 Um, but could we get it so that it, so that you are a favorite against him?
    1:01:52 Eight weeks of intensive. Okay. Yeah. If you sat and studied game, like all the charts,
    1:01:57 because that’s what it is really these days. So poker is a note. Now that we know the mechanics
    1:02:01 of the game, basically, there’s this thing called game theory optimal solutions to different
    1:02:06 scenarios, which is basically, you know, if you have Jack nine suited on this type of board
    1:02:12 against a person in this position, you will want to check raise them 30% of the time and
    1:02:17 check calls 70% of the time or something like that. So it gives basically there are like answers
    1:02:21 to what you should do in different scenarios with what frequencies. It’s all about frequencies.
    1:02:26 And so now that we know this and you can run simulators to give you the answers of all these
    1:02:32 fictitious scenarios. Now it’s changed the game into a basically who’s willing to learn as many
    1:02:36 different scenarios as possible and like basically emulate them in their head when they go and play.
    1:02:40 So it’s a very different type of game. It’s more like kind of almost studying chess moves.
    1:02:44 I was just going to say it sounds a lot like studying chess scenarios.
    1:02:48 And it wasn’t like that even 10 years ago. It was very, very different. I mean, there was some,
    1:02:52 it was more about you’d sort of do combination calculations in your head and that kind of
    1:02:56 thing. But that was kind of the limit of it. And honestly, it’s actually one of the reasons why I
    1:03:01 in the end didn’t like the game as much anymore. I’ve been doing it for 12 years anyway. And I
    1:03:09 was just starting to get itchy feet naturally, but it required more and more time spent to at the
    1:03:14 top levels at least with these incremental gains. Exactly. Diminishing returns in terms of hourly,
    1:03:18 because also what it means is because it’s like these game theory optimal solutions exist.
    1:03:22 It means that there’s technically this perfect style of play. Any one person can play.
    1:03:27 And the more people study this style, the more people are close to it.
    1:03:32 And so that means there is a ceiling of how perfectly you can play. Like technically, if you
    1:03:36 and I are both two computers that are able to play this game theory optimal style, we’re just
    1:03:40 breaking even against each other over infinity. Over the short time, you know, if we play for
    1:03:45 an hour, whoever gets the best cards will therefore win. But over infinity, we will just break even.
    1:03:50 And so that meant that you’d have to be putting more and more time in to win a sort of shrinking
    1:03:54 pot of money, essentially, which is why I don’t now recommend to people to go out and try and be
    1:03:59 professionals in poker. But I still absolutely recommend that people to go and learn the game
    1:04:07 because it is probably the best way to… It’s the best mini-analog for the type of complex
    1:04:12 decision making that you need to do in life. And we’re going to come back to this because I do
    1:04:20 think with my very little exposure to poker and having watched some on TV and nonetheless having
    1:04:29 had my ass handed to me when I tried it live, that particularly maybe an easy map is investing
    1:04:36 and poker. There are just so many variables that are similar, which is why I think so many investors
    1:04:42 are drawn to it. And also, give a plug all in podcast. Check it out. That’s Jake Al’s podcast
    1:04:49 with his buds. It is a fantastic, fantastic show. I do think it is one of the best new podcasts,
    1:04:55 new-ish podcasts that I’ve put into my rotation. So don’t take all my money, Jason. Eight weeks.
    1:05:01 What does the density of practice look like? Is that two hours a day? Is it 10 hours a week?
    1:05:08 What does the distribution look like? To be confident that you’ll have a 60-40 edge on him,
    1:05:12 I would want to do 40 hours a week, at least. Okay. Oh, yeah.
    1:05:22 All right. 40 hours. How does that break down if we have, you said eight weeks, right?
    1:05:27 Yeah. So hypothetically, let’s say week one. What does the schedule and curriculum look like?
    1:05:35 So in the first week, I think we would, I mean, I would sit and just run out lots of different
    1:05:40 hands. I think in-person is better than online. So you actually just get to play with the cards,
    1:05:45 feel what it’s like. You get really familiar with the betting patterns and that kind of thing.
    1:05:49 And we would talk about the more sort of general things like, why are we betting?
    1:05:52 What are we seeking to find here? Okay, we want to find information.
    1:05:58 We’d get into the idea of like ranges, because kind of a strange word. But basically,
    1:06:02 we’re playing a hand right now. I don’t know anything about your cards. What I know is that
    1:06:06 you’ve got two cards out of the, you know, a thousand and whatever the number is, a combination
    1:06:12 of two cards that you can have. So right now, your range is 100% and same back at you.
    1:06:18 And then as the hand progresses, basically, I want to narrow down the perceived range that
    1:06:21 I think you could have, you know, now gain information so I can narrow that down and put
    1:06:27 you on a hand. Well, meanwhile, giving away as little information about my own possible range,
    1:06:31 so keeping it as wide open to you. So it’s about maximizing deceptiveness,
    1:06:36 sure, while extracting information out of your opponent. So I teach you about concepts like
    1:06:40 that. And we would talk about ways that you can do that. And then I think we would go and actually
    1:06:44 play a little bit in person just so you get used to the, again, the kind of dynamic.
    1:06:48 So we would need to find a table somewhere. Yeah, we’d go to a local, I mean, probably
    1:06:53 invite friends over and we’d just have some games. And it’s so much fun anyway. Those are
    1:06:55 the best type of poker games. Bringing my card mechanic and take all their money.
    1:07:02 Exactly. Yes. And then after that, I think we would start, I don’t know at what stage,
    1:07:07 but you know, once you seem competent and are able to, you’re able to do sort of basic math
    1:07:13 calculations in your head about, okay, well, I have to call $100 into a pot of $400. I’m getting
    1:07:17 four to one. What does that mean? What, how many cards are there that I need to hit, etc. So these
    1:07:22 kind of pothold calculations, that kind of stuff. Could you just take a second and explain what you
    1:07:27 mean by pothold calculations? So potholds are basically, you know, like in investing to an
    1:07:33 extent, if things go well, what do you win versus how much would you lose? So then how do you bet
    1:07:38 size accordingly? Right, exactly. Or like, you know, let’s say you’re, you’re trying to hit a
    1:07:43 flush and there are nine cards left in the deck that could help you say out of 36.
    1:07:49 So you have a 25% chance of hitting the card you need. And meanwhile, the pot is offering you
    1:07:53 five to one. Well, now it’s actually a profitable thing, right? Because you’re getting the pot
    1:07:58 is offering you more than the odds that you need to hit your card. So I haven’t talked about this
    1:08:04 stuff in ages. It’s really interesting seeing my brains like, oh, find the words. So those kind of
    1:08:10 rudimentary types of math calculations that you need to do. And then as you get more comfortable
    1:08:16 in that, then you would start doing more combination calculations. So as you’re sort of narrowing down
    1:08:21 your opponent’s range, there will be presumably some hands that they will have that are better than
    1:08:25 your hand, you know, so what we would call value hands that they would be playing. But they would
    1:08:29 also have some bluffs in there. So you need to try and think about what are the conceivable bluffs
    1:08:34 they would have given the sort of story that’s been told, you know, like pre flop, they raised
    1:08:39 early. So that means they probably have stronger cards and weaker cards. So you can narrow it down
    1:08:45 to like the top end of the cards, like aces, kings, ace, king, ace, three suited, that kind of stuff.
    1:08:49 But then on the flop, when an ace came out, they actually slowed down. So that maybe suggests that
    1:08:54 they don’t have an ace, maybe they have more like, nines, 10s, eights, you know, to a pocket pair like
    1:08:58 that. Weaving together bits of evidence to be able to narrow down people’s ranges and put them on
    1:09:04 like conceivable bluffs versus conceivable strong hands. So that kind of stuff. And then
    1:09:10 after that, if, you know, you’re seeming to grasp all that, then we would actually start
    1:09:15 looking at the solver charts. So these are these like simulators, there’s this one called pyosolver
    1:09:21 that was at least popular in the day when I was playing. How do you spell that? P I O pyosolver,
    1:09:26 I think it’s still the main one. And at least when I was, you know, using it, that was back in
    1:09:32 2016 or so, it would take many hours to run a sim. So, you know, you’d be like, I want to know
    1:09:39 what the optimal players with Jack 9 suited on a 10, 8, 4, rainbow board or something like that.
    1:09:41 And then let it run folks listening. I have no idea what I mean to either.
    1:09:48 There’s so much jargon. I think I need a rainbow. That’s actually probably where we
    1:09:52 would start. We would start with glossary, because there’s so many, there’s so many
    1:09:56 work terms that the vocab is, you know, there’s just so much going on there.
    1:10:01 But yeah, so we would start running simulation so you can see and understand like,
    1:10:05 this is what the optimal solutions would be in these certain situations.
    1:10:09 Because once you know what the optimal solutions are, and then now you can,
    1:10:13 you’re sort of equipped with this like really solid baseline of what the perfect play is,
    1:10:17 where if you don’t have any information about your opponent that you can just follow
    1:10:21 and know that, you know, at worst, you’ll be breaking even, but you’ll still be beating them.
    1:10:25 But then because you know what the perfect play is, you can look for ways to exploit
    1:10:30 their screw ups. Because in reality, everyone, even the pros, are making mistakes. They aren’t
    1:10:35 playing this perfect GTO style. But you can’t really know the way that they’re screwing up
    1:10:39 until you know what the GTO is in the first place. So it acts as this like baseline benchmark of
    1:10:46 high quality play. So we would sit and we would study these charts. And if over that course of
    1:10:51 eight weeks, I got used so that you were able to like emulate these charts to, I don’t know how to
    1:10:56 quantify it, but to a good amount, that would be more than sufficient to be Jason. You know,
    1:11:01 he’s not a full-time pro. He’s good. Like he’s played a lot and we’ve only played once. And I
    1:11:04 was more just like bemused at the amount of words that were coming out of his mouth.
    1:11:07 Well, I was going to say, if his poker is anything like his basketball, he will,
    1:11:12 his ability to shit talk is actually incredible. That guy is world-class.
    1:11:14 He’s very good at getting under your skin. If he wants to get under your skin.
    1:11:21 Oh yeah. Oh yeah. He’s said many, we’ve had, we’ve been at a few parties together and he has,
    1:11:26 he knows how to ruffle feathers, but he’s so funny. I love him.
    1:11:30 Excellent interviewer and moderator. I just want to second the recommendation that was made
    1:11:37 earlier. Let’s depart from the training for a bit. We may come back to it, but actually,
    1:11:43 let me ask a question I haven’t asked in a long time. Maybe similar. This is like kicking in the
    1:11:50 gears, starting the old car, trying to turn the key, get it to turn over. If you could
    1:11:58 predict the main reasons, the failure points, the reasons I would quit in those first eight weeks,
    1:12:03 what do you think they might be? Assuming that I had the time, right, and the interest,
    1:12:07 what are the things that might break me or cause me to walk, give up?
    1:12:13 If for some reason you couldn’t wrap your mind around what these charts mean,
    1:12:18 I guess that would be a sort of breaking point. But I just don’t see that ever happening,
    1:12:21 to be honest. So it would be more that, I think the reason why you’d walk away
    1:12:24 is because you’re like, ah, actually, this isn’t that much fun. And I’m not playing for,
    1:12:27 I don’t care enough about beating Jason. You’re not playing for super cool stakes.
    1:12:30 And you’re like, this is not worth my time. And for people listening, I’m just using Jason
    1:12:36 as a stand-in because it’s fun. But right, I don’t care enough about beating anyone.
    1:12:39 Exactly. They’re just the opportunity cost would be too high. That would be the only reason,
    1:12:42 I think, because I think you would find it fun otherwise.
    1:12:48 Now I would have to, I wouldn’t have to, but ensure that I have a certain frequency of play
    1:12:54 after putting in 40 hours a week for eight weeks. Otherwise, the decay rate would be brutal.
    1:12:57 And part of that time, by the way, in that 40 years, it’s not just studying the charts,
    1:13:00 it’s also going out and actually practicing and getting real. Because assuming you’re going to
    1:13:05 play one-on-one in the flesh, a big part of poker that we haven’t touched on yet as well is
    1:13:11 emotional control, understanding yourself and your own biases, not only cognitive,
    1:13:17 but also the way different negative emotions will arise, which they will in the game,
    1:13:20 particularly with someone like Jason, who is so adept at like saying things to needle.
    1:13:22 And it’s a big part of the game.
    1:13:24 Getting the verbal bamboo shoots under your fingernails.
    1:13:29 Exactly. That would be as important, particularly if you’re playing for a
    1:13:34 particular, you know, you’re training for a big match, the mental game side of it.
    1:13:37 Because ultimately, you can study all the charts and think you’re a GTO machine
    1:13:41 and like, “Oh, I’m fine.” But then you get down there and he looks you in the eyes
    1:13:44 and it’s like, “Well, you screwed up that hand, Tim. Like, what are you going to do?
    1:13:47 What are you going to do? Huh?” You know, and just goes for Jason on you. Like,
    1:13:50 you’ll forget everything. The red mist. I call it the white boy.
    1:13:53 The red mist. I’ve never heard that. Okay. I like it though.
    1:13:58 The red mist descends. Like, if there’s two mental blocks.
    1:13:59 And that’s when one might go tilt.
    1:14:00 Tilt. Exactly.
    1:14:02 If I’m catching the leg off.
    1:14:07 Yeah. Tilt. Very good. For those who don’t know, tilt is what people do,
    1:14:10 basically, when their emotions get the better of them and they start playing badly.
    1:14:16 Now, is Monkey Tilt just an exaggerated version of that?
    1:14:16 Yes.
    1:14:18 Okay. Yeah, because now…
    1:14:20 Monkey Tilt is just like the, you know, you’ve got sort of…
    1:14:21 I love the image.
    1:14:22 One of the flavors.
    1:14:27 Conchers. Now, the reason that this is fresh on the mind is not too long ago,
    1:14:33 I was in a non-sober state and decided that it was the perfect time to start making
    1:14:36 stock trades. And my friend was watching me and he’s like,
    1:14:43 “I think you may be full tilt right now.” And I was like, “Do I look excited? Do I look upset?
    1:14:48 I’m not. I’m not on tilt.” Those didn’t work out very well, those trends.
    1:14:52 But the red mist, when the red mist, but you call it the white, what?
    1:14:55 Well, so there’s two. There’s the white noise. So the white noise is when…
    1:14:59 So red mist is when you’re angry. Someone has wound you up.
    1:15:02 That would probably be my Achilles heel.
    1:15:02 Right.
    1:15:03 The white noise.
    1:15:08 Yeah. And the white noise is where, for whatever reason, perhaps, you know,
    1:15:12 you’re just really tired or you’re really stressed, but you’ll go and consult your brain
    1:15:14 and it comes back with nothing.
    1:15:16 Okay. Yeah. You’re just beach balling.
    1:15:22 Just people. And I’ve had that a few times. I remember having it in the World Series,
    1:15:28 day four or something, day five, and it was a really big part and I just needed to think.
    1:15:30 And then, but then my brain was like, “Well, this is a really important decision.
    1:15:33 You know, you just really pay attention to this one. Like, are you paying it? Well,
    1:15:35 I’m not sure you’re paying attention. Why are you listening to me?”
    1:15:39 So there’s a little voice and then I was like, “Okay, pay attention. Let’s count the combos
    1:15:43 of what they’ve got and just nothing.” So in the end, I was like,
    1:15:47 “My system two, are you familiar with system one, system two?”
    1:15:47 No.
    1:15:48 Okay.
    1:15:51 Oh, wait a second. System one, system two. Is this like Daniel Kahneman?
    1:15:52 Yeah. It’s a Daniel Kahneman thing.
    1:15:54 Maybe if you could just give some context.
    1:15:58 His thesis is that we have two modes of thinking. Well, system one is like your intuitive.
    1:16:02 Like, if I ask you what’s five plus five, you immediately know the answer is 10.
    1:16:05 So it’s kind of your gut instincts.
    1:16:08 I just got a shot of a drill and said that you’re going to make me do multiplication tables.
    1:16:13 Well, wait. So that’s your system one. It’s just the things you immediately know an answer to
    1:16:18 or you know, it’s like an unconscious process. You know, if you technically it’s system one,
    1:16:22 if you’re driving down the street and someone cuts in front of you, your body will take over
    1:16:25 in your swerve because you don’t have time to do a sort of cost-benefit analysis of going
    1:16:29 left or right. And then your system two is the like conscious thinking.
    1:16:34 So if I was to ask you what 471 plus 88 is.
    1:16:42 It would be 560. I didn’t even forgot the numbers now.
    1:16:44 9. 471 and 88.
    1:16:46 471 and 88. What’s that?
    1:16:47 I got 31.
    1:16:57 471. Yeah. 9, 5, 5, 5, 9. Is that right? 559. I have no idea.
    1:17:00 5 is 500. Well, I can’t even remember. Anyway, the point is.
    1:17:04 Whatever that was, you can’t use your gut feelings for that.
    1:17:07 Right. You have to think it through. You have to do the calculation mentally in your head.
    1:17:11 So that’s your system two. And poke is really interesting because.
    1:17:15 You know, I’m on five hours to sleep. I just want to buy myself a little bit of
    1:17:18 wiggle room on the mental map.
    1:17:21 I didn’t even answer my own question and I have no excuse.
    1:17:23 So may I make a quick aside?
    1:17:29 One of the coolest things I’ve ever seen was when I was 15 as an exchange student in Japan.
    1:17:32 And I got to know multiple kids because it’s mandatory
    1:17:39 that every kid learned how to use an abacus. And something like one out of every 30 or 40 kids
    1:17:43 would get so good that they no longer needed the physical abacus.
    1:17:47 They could see it in their minds. And so for party tricks,
    1:17:51 their friends would just lob these like three digit multiplication
    1:17:54 problems at them and they could come up with the answer.
    1:17:57 It would take them a second because they actually had to physically.
    1:18:05 Map it out, map it out and move these beads and so on in their minds, but astonishing.
    1:18:07 My partner Igor can kind of do that. Yeah.
    1:18:12 It was one of the ways he got me. Honestly, he just throw numbers at him and he’ll,
    1:18:14 he hasn’t done it in a while and he’ll hate that I’ve mentioned this because now everyone’s
    1:18:17 going to do it to him, but he can usually answer within like a second or two.
    1:18:19 Wow, that’s fast. Yeah, it’s hot.
    1:18:24 Rock stars to mental mathematics.
    1:18:28 Yeah. So those are, I can’t remember where I was going now.
    1:18:33 So where you were going is we were talking about system one, system two and that white noise moment.
    1:18:33 Yes.
    1:18:36 And that is not a time that you can rely on system two.
    1:18:37 Is that what you’re going to say?
    1:18:40 Right. Exactly. Because system two has shut down.
    1:18:41 Yes. System two is offline.
    1:18:43 Yes. Offline. It’s not, it does not compute.
    1:18:45 There’s nothing there. Hello.
    1:18:46 404. 404.
    1:18:47 404. Yes. Blue screen of death.
    1:18:51 And it’s bad when that happens in focus.
    1:18:52 It sounds fucking terrible.
    1:18:58 Yes. And that is, you know, if you’re playing, it can be various reasons.
    1:19:01 It can be because if you’re wound up, someone’s gotten under your skin,
    1:19:06 that will shut it off, but also just pure adrenaline and stress.
    1:19:09 You know, you’re excited. Even I’ve had it when I had a really good hand.
    1:19:12 And I was really, I was like, oh man, I’m going to win a huge pot here.
    1:19:13 This is so exciting.
    1:19:16 And I’m like, well, I need to think through what the optimal bet size is.
    1:19:21 And again, because I just, it just, it’s so hard because I think you’ll,
    1:19:24 you’ll put into, well, you know, this stuff better.
    1:19:27 Like your sympathetic nervous system is in, is in play, right?
    1:19:31 So you’re kind of in a fight or flight and that is not conducive to slow cognitive thought.
    1:19:35 It’s conducive to immediate, you know,
    1:19:38 physical stuff really useful for, but not so good for the mental.
    1:19:40 So let’s talk about the regulation, the self-regulation.
    1:19:42 So I’m in front of me, some notes.
    1:19:44 Obviously you can see them.
    1:19:47 Those who are on audio only will not be able to see them.
    1:19:49 That’s fine because it makes me sound more professional
    1:19:51 if you think I’m doing everything off the top of my head.
    1:20:00 So at one point, you turned 500 euros into 1.25 million euros,
    1:20:02 which is around 1.7 million.
    1:20:05 And if I’m getting roughly, I believe that, that math, right?
    1:20:13 That was at the EPT San Remo and it was 500 euro buy-in or 500 dollar.
    1:20:17 It was a 500 euro satellite tournament into the main event buy-in,
    1:20:18 which was 5,000 euros.
    1:20:20 So everyone was buying in for 5,000,
    1:20:22 but I won my way in because I couldn’t afford the 5,000.
    1:20:26 I won my way in through a feeder, smaller tournament.
    1:20:29 So a few just housekeeping questions about this.
    1:20:37 How long after that first tournament win after the TV show was this?
    1:20:41 This was 2010, so five years.
    1:20:42 Wow. All right.
    1:20:45 So five years later, this happens.
    1:20:50 Presumably in this tournament, there was less and then crying
    1:20:52 and running away from the table.
    1:20:52 Great.
    1:20:56 Okay. So what type of self-regulation
    1:21:01 did you learn over that period of time and then subsequent to that?
    1:21:07 Oh man. That tournament was nuts because the TV show was in 2005.
    1:21:11 I didn’t actually really turn fully professional
    1:21:16 whereby I was living off it until late 2008.
    1:21:18 I was still sort of playing casually.
    1:21:21 Couldn’t really get my act together enough to…
    1:21:23 I wasn’t good enough really to be living off poker before then.
    1:21:26 So I’d been playing on the circuit now for like a year and a half
    1:21:28 and I played some bigger buy-in tournaments,
    1:21:31 but I’d never made like any like really big final tables or anything.
    1:21:35 And this Italy one kind of happened by accident.
    1:21:38 It was… Remember the volcano that went off in Iceland?
    1:21:38 Yeah, I do.
    1:21:40 And it shut down all of European airspace.
    1:21:43 I was in the south of France for something completely different
    1:21:44 and I couldn’t get home.
    1:21:48 And someone… I heard that there was this tournament going on in northern Italy
    1:21:49 and it was like a train ride away.
    1:21:51 So I was like, all right, screw it. I’ll go there.
    1:21:52 Thank God for volcanoes.
    1:21:53 Bless that volcano.
    1:21:57 Oh, yeah. And then I arrived and there was this like this feeder tournament
    1:22:01 that’s called a satellite that night where it was 500 euro entry
    1:22:05 and one in 10 people would win their ticket for the 5000, the main event.
    1:22:07 So I won my ticket that night like four in the morning
    1:22:10 and then went and played it the next day starting at noon.
    1:22:14 And a very strange thing happened to me actually at noon
    1:22:16 before the tournament started, but that’s like another topic
    1:22:17 I think we can get into later maybe.
    1:22:20 Wait a minute. You can’t leave that.
    1:22:23 Just give us a teaser and then maybe we’ll come back to it.
    1:22:32 I had my first of a handful of completely unexplainable
    1:22:33 borderline metaphysical experiences.
    1:22:37 And I won’t say what it is.
    1:22:38 It’ll be better if we talk about it later.
    1:22:39 We’ll come back to that later.
    1:22:40 But anyway, so I had a very strange thing happen
    1:22:42 just before the tournament started at noon.
    1:22:46 And long story short, six days later,
    1:22:48 it ended up being the largest tournament ever held in Europe at the time.
    1:22:51 Leaving that undescribed is what I call keeping the audience listening.
    1:22:52 Yeah, you could better keep watching.
    1:22:56 And now for short commercial break, that’s good.
    1:23:00 I ended up attracting the biggest field of players of any tournament
    1:23:04 in Europe to date at the time at least was over like 1200 people.
    1:23:06 So huge, huge tournament.
    1:23:11 And six days later, I was on the final table down to the final nine.
    1:23:13 How many hours a day are you playing?
    1:23:17 I played like 10 hours a day on average.
    1:23:20 Some days were a bit longer, some days were a bit shorter.
    1:23:22 So you can imagine how exhausting that is.
    1:23:25 Also, because the longer you’re going, the more intense it gets.
    1:23:27 Because in the beginning, the stakes are like,
    1:23:29 okay, I might lose my 5000 euro buy-in.
    1:23:32 But as the tournament wears on and there’s less people,
    1:23:35 your chip stack is worth more and more in terms of equity.
    1:23:40 And so your loss aversion starts to go vertical.
    1:23:41 By the time of the like the end of day five,
    1:23:44 where we play down to the final table, the final nine.
    1:23:49 For ninth place, I was already guaranteed, I think 90,000 euros.
    1:23:53 I only had like, I think I had like 50,000 pounds to my name at this point.
    1:23:57 So I was already guaranteed double my net worth
    1:23:59 for whatever happened on that final table.
    1:24:03 And first prize was the 1.25 million euros, so like 1.7 dollars.
    1:24:09 And that morning, I think I got some sleep the night before.
    1:24:12 Because I somewhat of an insomniac anyway.
    1:24:15 So if I have something on the next day that’s big,
    1:24:16 I often will just not sleep very well.
    1:24:18 And so you can imagine this cranks it up to 10.
    1:24:20 And I was dreaming, you know,
    1:24:21 I don’t know if you ever have that where you’ve
    1:24:24 been doing a lot of a particular thing, like trading or whatever.
    1:24:27 And you sort of semi-sleep and see the thing.
    1:24:27 Oh, sure. Yeah.
    1:24:29 I was playing poker.
    1:24:31 I was like, I was lying there, but I had pocket jacks.
    1:24:34 I had a king queen, you know, just these fictitious hands.
    1:24:36 My brain just could not shut off.
    1:24:37 And that was my night, the night before.
    1:24:39 And I was just like in a complete tiz,
    1:24:41 because I’m like, I know we’re gonna play tomorrow.
    1:24:41 Like I’m a mess.
    1:24:44 I was so nervous before the final table.
    1:24:47 I like threw up three times on the way, like walking down.
    1:24:49 It was so stressful.
    1:24:51 But I don’t know, once we actually started playing,
    1:24:53 once I got the cards in my hand, it was just like,
    1:24:58 and I just switched into this like mode of, I don’t know, it was weird.
    1:25:01 Was that the first time that it happened or that happened to you before?
    1:25:05 Not to that extent, because I think it was the perfect storm of like,
    1:25:08 it’s such extreme nerves and being such a mess beforehand.
    1:25:12 And then like actually being able to play well, I don’t know,
    1:25:14 the Delta felt more than I’d ever had it before.
    1:25:17 But I had had that before where I was like able to like get into the zone
    1:25:18 very well.
    1:25:22 I wonder if you just spent all of your stress calories.
    1:25:22 Yeah.
    1:25:23 You know what I mean?
    1:25:25 Like that tank was empty.
    1:25:27 So you needed to switch to a different tank.
    1:25:30 Honestly, it felt like I had something guiding me that whole time.
    1:25:31 It was a very strange experience.
    1:25:34 And anyway, I won and it was great.
    1:25:37 Of course, I’m not going to let go of the metaphysical experience.
    1:25:39 We are going to come back to that probably quickly.
    1:25:45 But before we do, for people who are not going to bank on having metaphysical
    1:25:50 experiences or the feeling of being guided, what else have you learned about regulating?
    1:25:55 Whether it’s the white noise or especially for me of personal interest,
    1:26:02 when someone is actively trying to fuck with you and disrupt all of your systems.
    1:26:09 The best thing I found is super simple is just breathing three deep breaths.
    1:26:12 It’s so cookie cutter, but it just works.
    1:26:17 Just close your eyes and inhale in.
    1:26:19 You could feel even if your heart’s pounding.
    1:26:22 My heart’s actually pounding a little bit now because I’m retelling the story.
    1:26:26 It’s funny, but just that you notice that you feel your body.
    1:26:28 You breathe in and you breathe it into your belly.
    1:26:33 And I imagine my favorite color, which is usually a mix of like turquoise and purple,
    1:26:34 something like that.
    1:26:38 And I just I’m sucking that in and pulling it down into my stomach.
    1:26:40 And then it’s just like this settling feeling.
    1:26:44 And it’s, half it is just like bullshitting myself.
    1:26:45 But it’s an interrupt, isn’t it?
    1:26:47 It’s an interrupt, exactly.
    1:26:51 And it just is enough to like settle your nervous system for a second.
    1:26:54 Just ground you back to here and then be like, okay, now what’s the problem?
    1:26:57 Another thing that’s helped as well is like just like laughing at myself.
    1:26:59 Oh, you’re taking this one awfully seriously.
    1:27:01 You’re all silly, like playing a silly little
    1:27:06 in my head just to like make light of the situation a bit.
    1:27:11 But that it requires a lot of ability to sort of step out and observe the situation.
    1:27:12 Because obviously once you’re in the red mist,
    1:27:14 particularly the red mist more than the white noise,
    1:27:17 by definition, you are like animalistic.
    1:27:21 You are you don’t have the ability to step outside and observe a situation well.
    1:27:26 So it’s I think just practice really practice, but getting angry, you know,
    1:27:27 practice reading.
    1:27:28 I guess the way you could do it is go like,
    1:27:30 go read something that you know makes you angry.
    1:27:34 Like really like reliably gets your blood pressure up.
    1:27:37 And then try and like build in some kind of
    1:27:41 trigger that makes you do the three breaths thing.
    1:27:45 So for 99.9% of the sadomasochistic users of Twitter,
    1:27:47 myself included, just go on Twitter.
    1:27:48 Yeah, just go on Twitter.
    1:27:48 Every day.
    1:27:52 For two minutes.
    1:27:53 Oh man, Twitter.
    1:27:57 Oh, what a nasty neighborhood that’s turned into.
    1:28:03 As you were saying this, I’m imagining Jason listening to this
    1:28:05 and formulating in his mind.
    1:28:09 That’s why I was working for if he sees me taking deep breaths.
    1:28:11 He’d be like, yeah, Timmy, take those deep breaths.
    1:28:12 Come on, buddy.
    1:28:12 You can do it.
    1:28:13 Oh, sorry.
    1:28:14 I’ve set you.
    1:28:14 Oh, yeah.
    1:28:16 Yeah, I know you’re doing great.
    1:28:17 You just close your eyes.
    1:28:17 Don’t even look at me.
    1:28:18 No, close your eyes.
    1:28:18 Don’t look at me.
    1:28:19 Don’t worry.
    1:28:20 No, nothing to see here.
    1:28:20 Just imagine I’m not here.
    1:28:20 You can’t hear me.
    1:28:21 Yeah, he’ll just.
    1:28:23 It’s not like everybody’s waiting for you or anything.
    1:28:27 All right.
    1:28:29 Before I lose track, which I wouldn’t, but
    1:28:32 what the hell happened in the morning?
    1:28:34 And you can contextualize this however you want.
    1:28:34 Sure.
    1:28:37 No, I mean, what happened was I played a bunch of these tournaments,
    1:28:41 not of ones quite this size, but I’d still played a lot of tournaments at this point.
    1:28:46 And I was there before it actually started.
    1:28:49 Usually people turn up late, but for some reason I was there in my chair
    1:28:51 before the first hand was dealt.
    1:28:54 And I remember they, the company Pokestars whose event it was,
    1:28:56 you know, they dimmed the lights.
    1:28:58 I’m like, welcome to EBT San Remo.
    1:28:58 Huge.
    1:29:00 We’ve got an incredible field, blah, blah, blah.
    1:29:03 And then they dimmed the lights and they put on on the screens around the room,
    1:29:04 just like a promo.
    1:29:06 Exciting promo video, you know.
    1:29:08 And I remember distinctly the music.
    1:29:10 It was Chemical Brothers, Hey Boy, Hey Girl,
    1:29:11 which I always loved.
    1:29:11 I always loved that song.
    1:29:12 Yeah, good choice.
    1:29:13 Yeah.
    1:29:14 And I was like, oh, this is cool.
    1:29:15 Yeah, I’m excited.
    1:29:18 And while I was just like listening to it, just
    1:29:23 like out of nowhere, this like a bolt of lightning felt like there was like this,
    1:29:28 and this voice in my head said, you are going to win this tournament.
    1:29:31 And it sounded like my own voice.
    1:29:34 But what I can’t remember is whether it was, I am going to win or you are going to win.
    1:29:36 But I’m pretty sure it was you are going to win.
    1:29:38 But it’s literally sounded like my own voice.
    1:29:39 And it was so.
    1:29:40 Sounded like your own voice.
    1:29:40 Yes.
    1:29:43 So it was like, you know, when you speak in your head, like the voice you hear,
    1:29:44 like most people have that right.
    1:29:49 That Tuesday voice that everyone hears.
    1:29:52 Oh man, I’m learning a lot out here.
    1:29:57 It sounded like how I would sound in my own head to myself.
    1:30:00 And it said, you are going to win this tournament.
    1:30:03 And I got this rush of goosebumps.
    1:30:07 It’s even happening a little bit like the hairs up on my, you know, on my arms.
    1:30:11 And I remember looking around the room, like, did I just say that out loud?
    1:30:12 Did anyone else hear this?
    1:30:14 And everyone else was just like in their phones or whatever.
    1:30:16 And I was like, well, that was freaky.
    1:30:20 And then the lights came back up and they’re like, okay, cool.
    1:30:21 Shuffle up and deal.
    1:30:22 And I was still like stunned.
    1:30:24 And I was like, okay, cool.
    1:30:26 And then like halfway through the day, you know,
    1:30:28 and then I sort of a little bit forgot about it.
    1:30:31 But then like halfway through the day, I got in a big pot and I lost half my chips.
    1:30:34 You know, it’s always a bad feeling when that happens.
    1:30:36 And I was like, oh man, I’m nearly out the tournament.
    1:30:37 I guess that was bullshit.
    1:30:41 You know, so like, I had like little multiple moments over the next few days
    1:30:45 where it clearly was a real thing because I like checked in on it.
    1:30:46 And I even told a friend of mine on date.
    1:30:48 What do you mean, checked in on it?
    1:30:49 Meaning you remembered that it had happened?
    1:30:50 That it had happened.
    1:30:53 Well, because obviously the rational explanation to this is the,
    1:30:55 it was just a false memory.
    1:30:58 You know, that I have retroactively remembered something
    1:31:00 that didn’t really happen as a way of like making…
    1:31:01 You reconstructed it.
    1:31:01 Exactly, I reconstructed it.
    1:31:04 But you have multiple points at which you referred to it.
    1:31:05 Yes.
    1:31:09 And I even have a friend, my friend Melanie who was there
    1:31:12 and I bumped into her in the women’s bathroom on like day two.
    1:31:13 And she’s like, oh, you got a lot of chips.
    1:31:14 She’s going, well, I was like, yeah, yeah.
    1:31:16 The things are going, well, really weird.
    1:31:17 I feel like I’m going to win this.
    1:31:19 In fact, I almost had a premonition that I did.
    1:31:21 And she’s like, yeah, you seem really confident.
    1:31:22 We actually had this conversation.
    1:31:25 And to the point that she, after I won it, she was like,
    1:31:26 what the fuck was that?
    1:31:28 You like predicted this.
    1:31:29 I’m like, I know.
    1:31:29 I don’t know.
    1:31:34 So yeah, I don’t know how to explain it.
    1:31:40 Now, I think you said string or series of experiences.
    1:31:42 Is that type of experience in poker isolated to that?
    1:31:45 And it doesn’t have to be constrained to poker.
    1:31:46 So what was interesting was…
    1:31:49 Actually, you may ask, I apologize for doing this
    1:31:51 herky-jerky questioning style.
    1:31:53 But did you have any of those types of experiences
    1:31:55 when you were younger that you were called?
    1:31:56 No.
    1:31:56 No.
    1:31:59 I was not like a weird kid that had…
    1:32:01 Sorry, let me start again.
    1:32:02 You’re a weird kid.
    1:32:04 You weren’t like the kid from the sixth sense.
    1:32:05 No, I wasn’t the sixth sense kid.
    1:32:08 No, I did not.
    1:32:09 Is to answer that question.
    1:32:12 I had not really ever had, I think, anything.
    1:32:15 You know, like I’d never saw a ghost or anything like that.
    1:32:16 I’m not asking about ghosts.
    1:32:20 Don’t love me in with the ghost hunters.
    1:32:21 Come on.
    1:32:22 I want to just paint the picture of that.
    1:32:25 I was a very, in fact, like a deep skeptic.
    1:32:26 Right.
    1:32:27 Well, you still are a deep skeptic in a lot of ways.
    1:32:28 Right, right.
    1:32:31 But like certainly then, like I’d never had anything weird
    1:32:33 that I couldn’t really explain in any conventional way.
    1:32:36 I’ve certainly not had any time loops or anything like that
    1:32:37 or weird voices in my head.
    1:32:39 But yeah, to answer your question of like,
    1:32:41 is it a sort of common thing in poker?
    1:32:44 No, not so much common thing in poker.
    1:32:47 But have you since had more of those types of experiences?
    1:32:52 Not of like explicit premonitions.
    1:32:54 No, I’m not nothing even close to that.
    1:32:59 I have had one really notable thing that I am happy to talk about it.
    1:33:00 It’s…
    1:33:01 If you change your mind, I can cut it later.
    1:33:02 Exactly.
    1:33:07 For one of a better word, I had an extreme energy healing,
    1:33:08 an almost accidental one.
    1:33:13 So it was a few years ago and seemingly out of the blue,
    1:33:17 I started getting this very unpleasant sensation in my ear,
    1:33:22 where particularly it was like a sort of low frequency buzzing,
    1:33:24 humming quite frequently.
    1:33:27 Like so some kind of tinnitus, but it was almost like a pressure.
    1:33:32 And voices, particularly men’s voices,
    1:33:36 became distorted to the point that they were unbearable to listen to.
    1:33:38 And it was really bumming me out.
    1:33:39 It would come in like clusters.
    1:33:41 I would have it like for a few hours and it would go away
    1:33:43 and come later on in the day.
    1:33:46 And it was stopping me from doing any social events
    1:33:49 because any loud scenario was unbearable,
    1:33:50 but particularly men speaking.
    1:33:51 I just couldn’t handle it.
    1:33:54 And this went on and off for a few months.
    1:33:57 And I went and saw multiple doctors and I had hearing tests
    1:33:59 and they said, “Oh, you’re losing your hearing.”
    1:34:03 And the low frequencies of your hearing in that ear,
    1:34:04 we think you have Meniere’s disease.
    1:34:06 Meniere’s is this degenerative thing,
    1:34:09 which usually people end up completely deaf when they have it,
    1:34:13 where basically the nerve cells in the inner ear start dying.
    1:34:13 And they don’t really know why.
    1:34:16 They think it’s something to do with like salts and ion channels.
    1:34:18 And it’s incurable as far as they know.
    1:34:21 And so I was told that’s what I probably have.
    1:34:23 And they were like, “It’s pretty really sorry.
    1:34:25 It was just bad news to find that out.”
    1:34:28 And also because one of the symptoms of it is
    1:34:30 you start having balance problems as well.
    1:34:31 You get like these vertigo attacks
    1:34:33 and people would be like vomiting and so on.
    1:34:34 And so you can imagine,
    1:34:36 I was like really down in the dumps finding this out.
    1:34:39 And then cut to three months later or so,
    1:34:40 “Go to Burning Man.”
    1:34:44 And I have for the first time one of these vertigo attacks,
    1:34:44 one of the days.
    1:34:46 I mean, I wasn’t completely sober,
    1:34:47 but it was not a good time, as you can imagine,
    1:34:50 having a vertigo attack while not being sober for the first time.
    1:34:53 So I was then really down in the dumps.
    1:34:55 And then on the last night of the burn,
    1:34:57 I was talking to some friends
    1:34:59 and I started talking to this girl who I kind of,
    1:35:00 I don’t know that well,
    1:35:01 but she’s a friend of a friend.
    1:35:04 And I mentioned about my ear and she’s like,
    1:35:06 “Oh, well, I do energy healing.
    1:35:06 I’m an energy healer.”
    1:35:10 I was like, “I don’t know what that is,
    1:35:12 but sure, do whatever you want to do.
    1:35:12 Yeah, have a go.”
    1:35:13 She’s like, “I can try.”
    1:35:17 And after,
    1:35:21 she sort of put her hand over my ear for a few minutes.
    1:35:23 And then she says,
    1:35:24 I remember saying something like,
    1:35:26 “There’s something there. I need to get it.”
    1:35:29 And she starts sucking over my ear with her mouth,
    1:35:30 like not touching it,
    1:35:31 but just like…
    1:35:32 And it was really unpleasant.
    1:35:34 So like, you know, you can imagine that sensation
    1:35:36 of someone like inhaling over your ear.
    1:35:37 And I was like, “Oh, please stop.”
    1:35:38 She’s like, “No, I need to get this.
    1:35:39 There’s something there.”
    1:35:42 And she does it, I don’t know, for a few minutes
    1:35:43 and then eventually kind of…
    1:35:46 It collapses in a heap on the floor,
    1:35:49 crying and freezing cold, going,
    1:35:51 “Oh my God, that was bad.
    1:35:52 I don’t know what that was.
    1:35:53 That was really, really bad.”
    1:35:55 Again, I was not fully sober,
    1:35:57 so this is slightly retelling.
    1:36:01 But I just remember being so shocked.
    1:36:04 I just didn’t expect anything to actually happen.
    1:36:05 I didn’t really feel anything other than
    1:36:07 this unpleasant sensation of her sucking.
    1:36:10 But I was so shocked at the way she was now reacting,
    1:36:11 because she was shocked.
    1:36:12 She did not seem to expect whatever
    1:36:14 had had just happened to her.
    1:36:15 And she said afterwards,
    1:36:17 she came around after a while and she’s like,
    1:36:18 “I don’t know what it was.
    1:36:20 It was like bad energy.
    1:36:22 I don’t know. It’s gone.”
    1:36:24 I’m very pleased to say it’s fully gone and it’s gone away.
    1:36:26 And I was like, “Well, okay.
    1:36:27 What does that mean for my symptoms?
    1:36:28 Are my cured?”
    1:36:28 She’s like, “Yeah, yeah.
    1:36:30 You’ll probably have symptoms for a couple more weeks
    1:36:31 and then you’ll be fine.”
    1:36:33 And that’s exactly what happened.
    1:36:35 And I haven’t had any problems since.
    1:36:37 It kind of just like…
    1:36:40 It just blew my world open,
    1:36:43 because aside of that premonition thing,
    1:36:45 which I kind of forgotten about,
    1:36:49 I have not ever subscribed to anything like that.
    1:36:50 Like I’m a physicist.
    1:36:53 In fact, I’ve kind of built a career
    1:36:56 of being a materialist, rationalist physicist.
    1:36:59 And I don’t have any time for any of that stuff.
    1:37:00 It’s all nonsense.
    1:37:01 It’s all confirmation bias.
    1:37:04 No one’s ever actually tested it empirically or proven it.
    1:37:06 Show me the study and I’ll believe it.
    1:37:10 But here I am, having that experience with two,
    1:37:12 what feel like pretty incontrovertible data points,
    1:37:18 that something that I cannot explain happened,
    1:37:21 and fortunately would be incredibly beneficial to me.
    1:37:22 Such a blessing.
    1:37:23 So yeah.
    1:37:30 So these experiences are particularly interesting to me
    1:37:32 as direct first-hand experiences.
    1:37:36 Of course, second-hand now that I’m listening,
    1:37:38 but are particularly interesting to me
    1:37:41 when I’m speaking with someone who has demonstrated
    1:37:49 a very well-developed ability to use system two thinking,
    1:37:54 and rationality, and reasoning, and mathematics,
    1:37:59 and so on in not just the world,
    1:38:01 but in competitive arenas.
    1:38:06 So you have a calibrated and also tested ability
    1:38:09 to use those faculties that you’ve developed.
    1:38:14 And I’m glad you’re mentioning these things,
    1:38:16 just because weird shit happens.
    1:38:20 And the idea that we have it all figured out is ludicrous,
    1:38:22 even though humans at any point in history,
    1:38:24 whether you go back to the Middle Ages, the Dark Ages,
    1:38:27 you know, I’m sure, you know, 6,000 years ago,
    1:38:29 or whatever it was with the Egyptians,
    1:38:31 I’m sure they thought they had most things figured out.
    1:38:36 And it’s just so clear when you begin to really poke and prod,
    1:38:40 and as you gain more years and have more experiences,
    1:38:42 especially if you start pushing into some strange corners,
    1:38:47 that there’s a lot we simply don’t understand.
    1:38:52 And even if we were to say not chalk those up to false memories,
    1:38:54 but let’s just say we chalked it up to placebo effect,
    1:38:59 nonetheless, even if it were just placebo effect.
    1:39:00 – Incredible.
    1:39:07 – That doesn’t diminish the absurd inexplicability
    1:39:12 of it with the current mechanisms that we understand.
    1:39:15 And that’s super exciting to me.
    1:39:16 It’s super exciting to me.
    1:39:20 And it doesn’t mean that you nor I would advocate
    1:39:22 that people just accept everything at face value.
    1:39:24 Of course not, there’s horseshit everywhere.
    1:39:25 I mean, we’re sitting in Austin,
    1:39:28 like the world capital of spirituality.
    1:39:31 There’s so much nonsense and so many charlatans,
    1:39:35 but I do pay attention to people like you
    1:39:39 who have demonstrated in other areas
    1:39:44 that they have the ability to think rationally
    1:39:49 and have some grasp of a very good grasp of science and so on.
    1:39:51 That’s kind of one of the first litmus tests for me.
    1:39:52 If someone’s sharing something with me,
    1:39:56 I’m like, all right, can they fight logically out of a paper bag?
    1:40:02 Like, have they demonstrated any ability
    1:40:05 to use structured reasoning in other places?
    1:40:07 – Are they able to cross-examine their own beliefs?
    1:40:08 – Right, exactly.
    1:40:15 And are they skeptical in other areas?
    1:40:16 Or is it just like, okay,
    1:40:19 they accept anything as long as it’s alternative,
    1:40:22 but they reject Western science for any number of reasons
    1:40:23 that don’t make sense to me.
    1:40:26 If you’ve ever had antibiotics,
    1:40:29 yeah, Western science may have saved your life.
    1:40:30 And there are many other examples.
    1:40:33 I certainly wouldn’t be here for more for Western medicine,
    1:40:35 let’s just say, not science.
    1:40:38 And I struggle with where to even take this
    1:40:39 because there’s so many directions
    1:40:40 that could go that are pretty strange.
    1:40:44 But I don’t want to co-opt physics,
    1:40:46 so please give me a slap here
    1:40:51 if this is just an amateur butchering the good name of physics.
    1:40:54 But I’ve had a number of cognitive scientists
    1:40:57 on the podcast, like Donald Hoffman.
    1:41:00 I’ve had physicists on the podcast,
    1:41:02 although some would consider Michio Kaku more
    1:41:03 of a science communicator.
    1:41:06 But still, as some fundamentals,
    1:41:08 I’ve had private conversations, certainly,
    1:41:09 with a number of physicists.
    1:41:13 And I lack the foundation of mathematics
    1:41:14 necessarily to fully appreciate it.
    1:41:17 But when you even start to look at the conversations
    1:41:20 that were being had between Einstein and Bohr
    1:41:24 way back in the day, relative to quantum mechanics,
    1:41:29 putting aside even the experimental design
    1:41:34 and evidence for quantum entanglement that have been done,
    1:41:36 I think, in the Canary Islands and in other places,
    1:41:39 stuff is really strange.
    1:41:44 Just even space-time itself as an objective reality.
    1:41:46 I mean, there are pieces people can find online
    1:41:50 by qualified scientists on the death of space-time, right?
    1:41:56 And thinking about that as almost a UI
    1:41:58 that we have evolved to utilize,
    1:42:02 but not as the one and only user interface
    1:42:04 to whatever we might be contending with.
    1:42:06 And like Donald Hoffman even thinks that,
    1:42:07 well, not just Donald Hoffman,
    1:42:10 he thinks that consciousness essentially
    1:42:12 gives rise to space.
    1:42:17 And while a lot of theoretical physicists
    1:42:19 poo-poo his ideas, and I think, by and large,
    1:42:23 they are correct to, even they would agree
    1:42:26 that it seems like space itself is an emergent property.
    1:42:28 It’s not a fundamental thing.
    1:42:30 We’re not objects rattling around in a big, empty box.
    1:42:36 It is a thing that emerges from basically interactions
    1:42:39 of mathematical functions on some…
    1:42:41 Whether it’s on a substrate or whether it…
    1:42:42 I don’t know if it even needs a substrate.
    1:42:43 I’m too rusty on that stuff.
    1:42:47 But it’s super weird if you dig into the fundamental structure
    1:42:48 of this reality.
    1:42:52 And this is not a Wiccan witchcraft shop
    1:42:55 with tarot cards in the display case,
    1:42:56 not to knock that, right?
    1:43:02 But we’re talking about some of the most esteemed scientists
    1:43:06 in a hard science with peer-reviewed publications and so on.
    1:43:09 And if you just look at that stuff closely enough,
    1:43:11 shit’s really weird.
    1:43:12 Yeah.
    1:43:13 There’s a paper on his recently reading
    1:43:15 that’s like digging into the…
    1:43:19 That it seems like space-time is…
    1:43:23 What space itself is essentially coming out of observers
    1:43:24 interacting with each other.
    1:43:25 Oh, I’d love to see.
    1:43:27 Consciousness is interacting with each other.
    1:43:29 But it’s really, from what I can tell,
    1:43:31 really granular, legit physics.
    1:43:32 I mean, it’s a math paper, basically.
    1:43:35 It’s beyond my pay rate.
    1:43:35 So, I don’t know.
    1:43:37 But I may need your…
    1:43:38 I want to send it to like Sean Carroll.
    1:43:40 I don’t know if you’ve ever had him on.
    1:43:41 Sean Carroll, I haven’t had on.
    1:43:43 But my brother introduced me to
    1:43:44 his podcast, Mindscape.
    1:43:46 Is it Mindscape?
    1:43:47 Excellent podcast.
    1:43:47 So good.
    1:43:49 So if Sean Carroll is out there listening
    1:43:51 or if anyone knows him, let him know.
    1:43:53 He may not want to hear this.
    1:43:55 I don’t know what his opinion will be of me.
    1:43:57 But big fan of his podcast.
    1:44:01 He’s a damn fine thinker and a damn fine communicator.
    1:44:02 He really is, yeah.
    1:44:07 And he had an excellent episode on sort of
    1:44:11 an archaeological exploration of Stonehenge
    1:44:17 and other artifacts as external mnemonic devices.
    1:44:18 Super cool.
    1:44:19 Saliv.
    1:44:20 Olivia.
    1:44:22 Question for you.
    1:44:28 How do you, as someone who is a trained rationalist,
    1:44:33 materialist, although you may not identify as solely
    1:44:35 those things, I don’t want to imply that,
    1:44:38 how do you integrate some of these experiences
    1:44:41 into your life, your framework, your worldview?
    1:44:42 What do you do with that?
    1:44:44 It’s tricky.
    1:44:47 I mean, I think with all these things,
    1:44:52 it’s walking this fine line between gullibility,
    1:44:53 open-mindedness, whatever you want to call it,
    1:44:55 and skepticism and cynicism.
    1:45:01 And I think where my poker training comes in handy
    1:45:04 is that poker trains you to think in probabilities.
    1:45:06 You’re never certain about anything.
    1:45:08 You could be bluffing me with, you know,
    1:45:10 you could have aces or you could be bluffing me
    1:45:14 with six, four suited that missed the card it needed.
    1:45:16 So you become very comfortable in terms of
    1:45:19 holding concurrent belief states in your mind
    1:45:20 with different weighted probabilities
    1:45:22 of those things being true.
    1:45:25 So with these two weird,
    1:45:28 unexplainable experiences that I had,
    1:45:30 whether it was the ear thing was just pure placebo,
    1:45:32 which would still be crazy because it would mean
    1:45:35 that basically I have the ability to heal my mind
    1:45:37 by thinking I was going through some kind of thing
    1:45:38 being sucked out my ear.
    1:45:39 Fine.
    1:45:41 And potentially heal your inner ear.
    1:45:43 Yeah, like I was literally told I had a degenerative thing
    1:45:46 and I was going to go deaf and no one’s been cured of it.
    1:45:47 And this has miraculously gone away.
    1:45:49 So whatever the hell happened,
    1:45:51 the point is I didn’t go and change my life.
    1:45:52 I didn’t suddenly go and be like, that’s it.
    1:45:54 I’m going to go and practice energy healing
    1:45:56 and become a witch and so on.
    1:45:59 I continued still like I still am an adherent
    1:46:01 to the scientific method.
    1:46:03 It’s just that I’ve now broadened my, as you mentioned,
    1:46:05 it’s almost like people become,
    1:46:08 they believe in the scientism as opposed to being scientists.
    1:46:11 A true scientist is that you are maximally curious.
    1:46:13 You do your best to devise experiments
    1:46:16 in order to get reliable, robust results
    1:46:18 that you can use to predict the world.
    1:46:20 And you try and minimize all the biases and things
    1:46:22 that could mess up your experiment and give you a faulty result.
    1:46:28 And so there’s no reason why I can’t incorporate
    1:46:30 these two data points in terms of,
    1:46:31 I mean, I haven’t gone out and done any science.
    1:46:34 I really should, I guess, go and do some tests
    1:46:37 and see if I can try and recreate that experience.
    1:46:39 But it’s very difficult because it was a set and setting
    1:46:41 were very important and what happened there,
    1:46:42 I would assume.
    1:46:43 Anyway, I don’t know that.
    1:46:45 Well, when they make the Netflix series about it
    1:46:47 and they recreate the entire environment,
    1:46:49 then you can sit down and try to recreate.
    1:46:49 Yeah.
    1:46:53 So what I guess I’ve done is I have up-weighted,
    1:46:55 whereas before I would have given the probability
    1:46:57 that energy healing is a real thing.
    1:46:58 I would have given it like a,
    1:47:01 probably if you’d asked my old like skeptical self,
    1:47:02 I would have literally said it’s zero,
    1:47:07 but I wasn’t such a bad Bayesian that I would give it actual zero.
    1:47:08 Maybe like one in a million.
    1:47:09 Bad Bayesian.
    1:47:12 Oh, that’s good to be careful.
    1:47:13 We don’t have to unpack that.
    1:47:16 No, no, but yeah, we’re giving it a one in a million.
    1:47:19 And now I have updated it with this evidence to,
    1:47:25 how many orders of magnitude do I want to go?
    1:47:28 I mean, I will give it, at least give it a one in 100.
    1:47:30 But I think it’s more likely that there is a
    1:47:34 an explanation through what we know conventionally
    1:47:38 that it’s still more probable than that it is something completely,
    1:47:41 like some completely novel thing that is untapped.
    1:47:43 But that said, I’ve actually had a few other little ones
    1:47:45 I won’t go into, but like other little data points
    1:47:46 of just like weird energy things that have happened
    1:47:48 in certain scenarios, it’s helped me.
    1:47:53 But it’s still important to keep the like skeptical hat on.
    1:47:57 And extraordinary beliefs require extraordinary evidence.
    1:48:01 And in order for me to like give up everything that I know
    1:48:03 about our current understanding of the world,
    1:48:06 I would need significantly more data points.
    1:48:08 And I think that would just not the practical way to go forward.
    1:48:13 Yeah, I would also add to that that if folks want to be proper skeptics,
    1:48:16 you owe it to yourself and to the people you interact with
    1:48:18 to be an informed skeptic.
    1:48:22 So if you are going to invoke the name of science
    1:48:27 and not invoke it like the name of Odin and some like
    1:48:31 you know, God works in mysterious ways kind of way.
    1:48:36 You need to actually, my opinion, have the ability to read a study
    1:48:39 and understand a study and study design.
    1:48:43 It’s not good enough to get the journalistic interpretation
    1:48:47 from the Wall Street Journal or film the blank online publication.
    1:48:48 That’s not good enough.
    1:48:53 It’s also not good enough for you to just get the gist of a few sentences in an abstract.
    1:48:56 And confidence intervals.
    1:48:59 Right. So confidence intervals, understanding, powering,
    1:49:03 because you’ll also find folks who, I’ve been saying “scientism,”
    1:49:06 but I guess it’s “scientism,” the sort of like capital S.
    1:49:08 In either case, it has a capital S and it’s not good.
    1:49:12 So if you come to that, one of the telltale characteristics
    1:49:17 that I’ve come across is they’ll ask if something was a controlled study
    1:49:21 or a placebo-controlled randomized study, randomized control, you know, RCT,
    1:49:24 and then say, well, how many subjects were there?
    1:49:26 Or what was the end if they get fancy?
    1:49:31 And I might say 20, 25, and they’re like, oh, yeah, small study.
    1:49:32 Well, nonsense.
    1:49:36 And I’m like, it’s not that simplistic.
    1:49:39 There are quite a few variables you have to take into account.
    1:49:42 So recommendations for folks who are interested.
    1:49:46 Number one, studying the studies by Peter Atea-MD,
    1:49:52 excellent series of blog posts that take you into the fundamentals
    1:49:56 of understanding how to dissect and understand a study,
    1:50:03 which includes meta-analyses and gets into the risks of taking meta-analyses as gospel also,
    1:50:05 because garbage in, garbage out, and there’s a lot to it.
    1:50:11 Another recommendation, actually a podcast that I did six years ago,
    1:50:15 I realized when I pulled this up, this is podcast number 194,
    1:50:17 The Magic and Power of Placebo.
    1:50:23 This is with Eric Vance, who wrote a book called Suggestible You,
    1:50:27 subtitled The Curious Science of Your Brain’s Ability to Deceive, Transform, and Heal.
    1:50:29 And he’s written very widely on Placebo.
    1:50:30 It’s an excellent book.
    1:50:33 Many of his feature pieces are exceptional.
    1:50:37 There was a great piece in Wired Magazine, probably 10 years ago,
    1:50:42 on the evolution of the Placebo effect and how it has changed,
    1:50:45 depending on the culture and other influences.
    1:50:50 So in certain places, say, a Placebo pill in a blue capsule or a red capsule
    1:50:51 perform better than other colors.
    1:50:51 It’s really…
    1:50:55 You need to do a blue or red one on this day and age more.
    1:50:56 That’s true.
    1:50:56 That’s true.
    1:50:57 Yeah, we could pick out the colors.
    1:51:01 But the context that surrounds that is really, really interesting.
    1:51:07 And then the last thing I would recommend people check out is cognitive biases and looking at
    1:51:10 both frameworks intended to avoid them and just getting a better understanding.
    1:51:14 So you can go to Wikipedia and just look up cognitive biases and get a pretty basic list.
    1:51:18 You can look at something like poor Charlize Almanac with Charlie Munger.
    1:51:24 Although it’s a bit dense and it’s a little user-unfriendly in a lot of respects.
    1:51:25 But what were you going to say?
    1:51:31 I think I would recommend is some of Julia Galeff’s work on the Scout mindset
    1:51:33 and Motivated Reasoning.
    1:51:34 What was the first one?
    1:51:35 The Scout mindset.
    1:51:36 Scout mindset.
    1:51:36 Yeah.
    1:51:39 I mean, she did a TED talk on it, but she’s just written a book on it as well.
    1:51:41 And I think she actually goes in…
    1:51:42 If I remember rightly, she goes in…
    1:51:44 Her last name is G-A-L-E-F.
    1:51:44 Yes.
    1:51:46 She goes into that sort of…
    1:51:51 Again, when I first learned about rationality, I read everything unless wrong,
    1:51:53 if people know that, which is incredible resource for it.
    1:51:58 And it really breaks down how you get your brain, which is like the map,
    1:52:03 to match the actual territory, which is the universe, as accurately as possible.
    1:52:07 But where I think it’s maybe lacking a little bit now,
    1:52:10 because I’ve had some of these weirder experiences, which actually…
    1:52:15 Where I wasn’t, in the classical sense, rational.
    1:52:18 Clearly went off the beaten path into some weird land,
    1:52:20 but it was actually very beneficial to me.
    1:52:24 Even if it was some completely useful fiction, it was still useful.
    1:52:29 And this idea of useful fictions, I think, needs to be explored further.
    1:52:29 Yeah.
    1:52:33 I’d also add that much like poker, science, I don’t think a lot of folks realize,
    1:52:37 is largely a game of probabilities.
    1:52:41 You don’t prove something 100% most of the time.
    1:52:42 It’s like, well…
    1:52:43 Literally never, actually.
    1:52:44 Yeah, exactly.
    1:52:49 I mean, you can have overwhelmingly compelling data, even with, say,
    1:52:53 an observational study, say, with the quintessential example,
    1:52:56 would be cigarette smoking causing lung cancer, right?
    1:53:02 But most of the time, it’s like, this suggests, with this degree of certainty,
    1:53:03 that this is the case.
    1:53:07 But when you start to look at the replication crisis,
    1:53:11 which is not just in social sciences, it’s all over the place,
    1:53:16 and especially if you start to actually roll up your sleeves
    1:53:19 and get involved in science, whether that’s as a subject,
    1:53:22 I’ve been a subject in studies at all sorts of places.
    1:53:24 I started doing it as an undergrad.
    1:53:26 I was a subject in one of Daniel Kahneman’s studies,
    1:53:30 and it was not very intellectually engaging.
    1:53:34 It was like space bar every time, like a green square popped up or something.
    1:53:36 But I needed the $7 an hour, whatever it was.
    1:53:41 And I’ve been a subject at Stanford with heat exhaustion experiments.
    1:53:42 That was also not terribly fun.
    1:53:46 Marching to exhaustion with like an esophageal probe and an anal probe,
    1:53:47 kind of meeting in the middle,
    1:53:52 in fatigues with weights on a treadmill and a sauna to like complete–
    1:53:53 Collapse.
    1:53:53 –mental collapse.
    1:53:55 Yeah, so why do I do these things?
    1:53:57 Because I’m interested in seeing the process.
    1:54:01 And even some of the best science you could point to
    1:54:04 in the most prestigious journals, when you actually get in there,
    1:54:07 it’s a lot messier than people think.
    1:54:09 But people want to have confidence in something,
    1:54:12 then religion has become so out of fashion
    1:54:14 that they look to the high priests of science.
    1:54:18 And they’re like, at least I have the confidence in this being true.
    1:54:19 So I actually want–
    1:54:21 One of my next videos I want to make on this,
    1:54:27 which is about basically these signaling prestige bad incentives
    1:54:30 that get society stuck in these kind of–
    1:54:32 These traps, essentially.
    1:54:34 So we’re stuck in one of those.
    1:54:37 With the current status quo of the way science is done–
    1:54:39 And this is not at all to knock any scientists.
    1:54:41 They’re doing their absolute best.
    1:54:43 But the way the system has been designed,
    1:54:48 we give all the reward to the people who first make the new fancy discovery
    1:54:52 and don’t give any credit to the people who then actually replicate it and verify it.
    1:54:56 So there’s this incredible incentive to be always looking for some new novel thing
    1:55:00 in order to get your thing published in nature
    1:55:02 and get those research dollars for the next time.
    1:55:05 But it doesn’t actually really advance human knowledge,
    1:55:08 because so many of these things don’t replicate.
    1:55:12 And we’re sort of stuck in this spiral of just like,
    1:55:15 everyone’s trying to please do whatever they can to get in the journal.
    1:55:17 And there’s a name for it.
    1:55:21 So there’s this really incredible short online book called “Inadequate Equilibria”
    1:55:25 by the guy who wrote most of the stuff on Les Wrong, Eliezer Yodkowski.
    1:55:26 And I recommend–
    1:55:27 “Inadequate Equilibria.”
    1:55:30 Yes, it’s a heady name.
    1:55:31 Oh man, I know it sounds–
    1:55:32 It’s so good.
    1:55:33 It has one of the best things.
    1:55:38 It has a discussion, a fictitious discussion with an alien from a perfect society,
    1:55:41 like a basic person who thinks everything’s explained,
    1:55:43 everything that’s wrong in our society is because of like,
    1:55:48 there’s bad people being greedy and then with a cynical, smart economist.
    1:55:50 And they have this three-way discussion talking about like,
    1:55:52 reason why the US healthcare system is so expensive.
    1:55:54 And it sort of goes into this meandering thing about–
    1:55:55 That’s a cool premise.
    1:55:56 It’s so good.
    1:55:58 Like, you must include this in the show notes.
    1:56:00 How long would you say it is?
    1:56:03 I mean, ideally, they could just read chapter 3, honestly.
    1:56:06 It’s, I don’t know, it’s like a 45-minute read.
    1:56:07 Yeah, it’s like a book chapter.
    1:56:09 And you can kind of read it standalone.
    1:56:10 We’ll put this, we’ll put it in the show notes.
    1:56:14 But basically, it’s talking about these traps that we can get into
    1:56:17 where it gets people now speaking, game theory.
    1:56:21 It gets society stuck in like, shitty Nash Equilibria.
    1:56:25 So a Nash Equilibrium is when two people or multiple people are playing
    1:56:29 in a strategy where it would be bad for anyone to deviate from that strategy.
    1:56:30 It’s like everyone’s stuck doing that.
    1:56:33 But not all Nash Equilibria are actually created equal.
    1:56:37 There are some where if everyone was doing X instead of Y,
    1:56:38 everyone would be happier.
    1:56:40 They’d also be like, you know, now stuck in a new thing.
    1:56:42 So like a good example of this would be–
    1:56:45 So I just made a video called The Beauty Wars
    1:56:48 about this like fictitious thing called Moloch,
    1:56:52 which I call like the demon of negative sum games, basically.
    1:56:54 It’s like the God of negative sum games.
    1:56:58 It’s a force of bad, usually economic incentives
    1:57:02 that make people sort of sacrifice things that they want
    1:57:04 in order to optimize for a short-term goal.
    1:57:08 And the example I talk about is these beauty filters on Instagram.
    1:57:09 I don’t know if you’ve spent any time–
    1:57:11 They are horrifying.
    1:57:13 I mean, in how dramatic they are.
    1:57:16 I’d never seen these things before until my girlfriend showed them to me
    1:57:18 and I was dumbfounded.
    1:57:22 They’re horrifying not only in how impressively good they are at doing stuff,
    1:57:26 but also how now the really insidious ones are the subtle ones.
    1:57:29 Because there are some where you would never–
    1:57:31 You’d go online and you would not be able to tell.
    1:57:33 If you don’t know the person or even if you know the person,
    1:57:35 you wouldn’t necessarily be able to tell.
    1:57:36 You just think it’s a good picture of them.
    1:57:39 They’re so subtle, but they’re so effective.
    1:57:42 It seems like there is clearly just some kind of optimal face structure
    1:57:44 that our eyes find pleasing.
    1:57:45 And it just tweaks people.
    1:57:47 It makes the eyes a little bit wider apart
    1:57:48 or a little bit bigger or the lips.
    1:57:51 You know, just changes the proportions,
    1:57:55 just right that it sets the dopamine spike off in your brain.
    1:57:57 And it’s going to make online dating really hard.
    1:57:58 Oh, man.
    1:57:59 Well, so as a girl on Instagram–
    1:58:01 Not that I’m on the field.
    1:58:04 I’m not on the playing field, but if I were, that sounds like a headache.
    1:58:06 Well, and but also for people who use them.
    1:58:08 Like, so I’m a girl on Instagram.
    1:58:12 You know, I for a while certainly like made a lot of my career off the way I looked.
    1:58:14 There’s such an incentive pressure.
    1:58:16 You know, if I want to keep playing the game
    1:58:18 or trying to grow my Instagram like a sexy pic–
    1:58:20 Yeah, it’s the arms race, exactly.
    1:58:21 And that’s what MOLIC is.
    1:58:23 MOLIC is this like the god of arms races
    1:58:26 and it’s like these bad incentives where we could–
    1:58:30 The cheap thing for me to do is just to use one of these AI filters on all my pictures.
    1:58:31 And I know I’m going to look good
    1:58:33 and I’m going to get a ton of likes and it’ll grow my thing.
    1:58:36 But it will make me miserable in the process.
    1:58:42 And if you poll probably most particularly women on Instagram,
    1:58:44 they are not having a good time with these things either on themselves.
    1:58:47 Because if you then like compare your face side to side,
    1:58:49 you’re just like, man, you just it just makes you feel ugly.
    1:58:53 And so we’re in this weird situation where no one wants to do stuff
    1:58:57 that makes them hate their face, but they’re doing it anyway.
    1:58:58 It’s like a lower Nash equilibrium.
    1:59:00 You know, we could all be in a higher Nash equilibrium
    1:59:03 where we’re not doing it, but instead we’re all stuck down there
    1:59:05 because of these bad game theoretic incentives.
    1:59:07 So this is my current obsession, this thing called MOLIC.
    1:59:08 And I think about it all the time.
    1:59:12 M-O-L-O-C-H for people wandering.
    1:59:13 And we’ll link to that in the show notes.
    1:59:15 So just to underscore this for folks,
    1:59:18 because I do suggest that everybody check out your YouTube channel.
    1:59:21 What’s the best way for them to find your channel?
    1:59:24 Probably the best thing is if they search for my name
    1:59:25 and then the beauty wars,
    1:59:28 that’ll link to the video I just talked about.
    1:59:28 All right.
    1:59:30 And then you can find my channel from that.
    1:59:32 And just for the spelling, everybody,
    1:59:37 it’s live L-I-V last name, B-O-E-R-E-E.
    1:59:40 Which means I learned just beforehand.
    1:59:42 Drunk farmer.
    1:59:45 So they say.
    1:59:46 So they say.
    1:59:47 And I did grow up on a farm.
    1:59:50 And I did drink a lot.
    1:59:51 It’s so good.
    1:59:53 So good.
    1:59:55 Yeah, Ferris, you know, the best I can tell.
    1:59:56 You’re a big wheel.
    1:59:58 Could be that.
    2:00:03 It also refers to Ferris, like Ferris Oxide, F-E-R-R-O-U-S.
    2:00:04 Ooh, rusty.
    2:00:11 Because apparently some of my progenitors were silversmiths.
    2:00:13 I don’t know how it all fits together.
    2:00:15 Seems like a very dubious story.
    2:00:15 I’m not sure.
    2:00:18 But I want some story to go along with the last name.
    2:00:20 But I don’t have drunken farmer.
    2:00:21 That’s an amazing one.
    2:00:25 Live, we should do around two sometimes.
    2:00:27 When we’re practically neighbors,
    2:00:28 we have so much we could talk about.
    2:00:30 We’ve got a million other things,
    2:00:31 even in the notes in front of me
    2:00:32 that we could cover and should cover.
    2:00:35 I’m thinking about this training.
    2:00:36 And.
    2:00:37 Are you going to do it?
    2:00:39 We’ll see.
    2:00:42 Requires more mezcal to make that decision.
    2:00:43 I think we could condense it down.
    2:00:45 We don’t have to do the full eight weeks.
    2:00:48 I think commit to even three weeks, honestly.
    2:00:49 I think you would…
    2:00:52 J.K. will still be better than you at that stage.
    2:00:53 I have to say that.
    2:00:54 Not he would be.
    2:00:57 All right.
    2:00:57 Three weeks.
    2:00:58 Three weeks.
    2:00:59 I’m going to sleep on that.
    2:01:02 I do my best thinking when I’m asleep.
    2:01:04 Let me sleep on that.
    2:01:06 Is there anything else that you would like to say?
    2:01:07 Any closing comments?
    2:01:10 Places you’d like to point people?
    2:01:12 Anything at all you’d like to say before we wind this down?
    2:01:17 No, I mean, I guess do check out my YouTube.
    2:01:18 I’d love people to go and…
    2:01:22 Now I’ve moved to Austin and I’m like building a studio and everything.
    2:01:24 I’m going to be ramping up production again.
    2:01:28 So I would love people to go and just sub to my channel so that they catch my stuff.
    2:01:32 Because we’re playing the rat race, the attention wars.
    2:01:33 That’s the name of the next video is the attention wars,
    2:01:37 which is about why Twitter and everything is making us so angry and hate each other.
    2:01:38 Yeah.
    2:01:39 That’s a big one.
    2:01:40 Talk about a nasty game.
    2:01:41 Yeah.
    2:01:43 And Moloch, Moloch’s in that.
    2:01:44 Moloch, Moloch’s all over that.
    2:01:44 Fucking Moloch.
    2:01:50 So Liv, we’re going to link to everything in the show notes.
    2:01:53 People can find you at livbari.com also,
    2:01:56 which I would imagine has links to many things.
    2:01:59 And we will put links to everything we’ve discussed,
    2:02:05 all the resources, inadequate equilibria, and all other good things
    2:02:08 in the show notes at tim.blog/podcast.
    2:02:11 And so nice to see you.
    2:02:12 Thanks for taking the time.
    2:02:13 This is awesome.
    2:02:13 Thank you.
    2:02:14 Super fun, super fun.
    2:02:18 And for everybody listening as per usual, thanks for tuning in.
    2:02:22 And until next time, just be a little kinder to yourselves
    2:02:27 and to others than you think is necessary and take care.
    2:02:30 Hey guys, this is Tim again.
    2:02:32 Just one more thing before you take off.
    2:02:34 And that is Five Bullet Friday.
    2:02:37 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every Friday
    2:02:40 that provides a little fun before the weekend?
    2:02:42 Between one and a half and two million people subscribed
    2:02:45 to my free newsletter, my super short newsletter
    2:02:46 called Five Bullet Friday.
    2:02:48 Easy to sign up, easy to cancel.
    2:02:53 It is basically a half page that I send out every Friday
    2:02:55 to share the coolest things I’ve found or discovered
    2:02:57 or have started exploring over that week.
    2:02:59 It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:03:02 It often includes articles I’m reading, books I’m reading,
    2:03:07 albums perhaps, gadgets, gizmos, all sorts of tech tricks and so on
    2:03:11 that get sent to me by my friends including a lot of podcasts.
    2:03:15 Guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field
    2:03:18 and then I test them and then I share them with you.
    2:03:21 So if that sounds fun, again, it’s very short.
    2:03:24 A little tiny bite of goodness before you head off
    2:03:26 for the weekend, something to think about.
    2:03:29 If you’d like to try it out, just go to tim.blog/friday.
    2:03:33 Type that into your browser, tim.blog/friday.
    2:03:36 Drop in your email and you’ll get the very next one.
    2:03:36 Thanks for listening.
    2:03:42 This episode is brought to you by Element, spelled L-M-N-T.
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    2:07:45 That is why things are called supplements.
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    2:09:05 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #86 “General Stan McChrystal on Eating One Meal Per Day, Special Ops, and Mental Toughness” and #611 “Liv Boeree, Poker and Life — Core Strategies, Turning $500 into $1.7M, Cage Dancing, Game Theory, and Metaphysical Curiosities

    Please enjoy!

    Sponsors:

    AG1 all-in-one nutritional supplement: https://drinkag1.com/tim (1-year supply of Vitamin D (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase.)

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [05:57] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [07:01] Enter General Stanley McChrystal.

    [07:24] One meal a day.

    [08:52] Daily exercise routines and their importance.

    [14:04] The book most gifted.

    [15:15] A major course correction at West Point.

    [19:33] Vetting, selecting, and educating candidates for combat.

    [21:41] “No-win” leadership roleplaying.

    [25:21] Underrated military leaders.

    [27:17] Audiobooks.

    [29:13] What books make Stan’s reading list?

    [30:29] Hopeless dilemmas and managing self-talk in high-pressure environments.

    [37:09] Enter Liv Boeree.

    [37:35] Youthful obsessions.

    [42:04] How poker entered the picture.

    [49:45] The qualities that made Liv excel at poker from the start.

    [55:55] Liv’s advice to a newcomer wanting to learn poker.

    [1:04:54] What Liv’s eight-week poker education curriculum might look like.

    [1:11:31] Failure points that might discourage someone during this curriculum.

    [1:13:35] Red mist, white noise, and fast math.

    [1:19:37] Volcano-induced tournament participation and self-regulation.

    [1:28:27] A skeptic’s experiences with the unexplainable.

    [1:44:19] How does Liv rationally coexist with these experiences?

    [1:48:09] How to become a better skeptic.

    [1:54:18] Inadequate Equilibria and Moloch.

    [1:59:14] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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  • #760: Robert Rodriguez and Susan Cain

    AI transcript
    0:00:06 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I try to access something say a show on
    0:00:12 Amazon or elsewhere and it says not available in your current location something like that or
    0:00:15 Creepier still if you’re at home and this has happened to me
    0:00:18 I search for something or I type in a URL
    0:00:24 Incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops up and it says you might be searching for this
    0:00:32 How about that and it suggests an alternative and I think to myself wait a second my Internet service provider is tracking my searches
    0:00:34 And what I’m typing into the browser
    0:00:40 Yeah, I don’t love it and a lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously
    0:00:45 That is why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor express VPN for several years now
    0:00:49 And I recommend you check it out when you connect to a secure VPN server
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    0:01:01 Your internet service provider, etc. And no, you are not safe simply using incognito mode in your browser
    0:01:07 This was something that I got wrong for a long time your activity might still be visible as in the example
    0:01:09 I gave to your internet service provider
    0:01:12 Incognito mode also does not hide your IP address
    0:01:17 Also with the example that I gave of you can’t access this kind of that content wherever you happen to be then you just set your server
    0:01:20 to a country where you can see it and all of a sudden voila
    0:01:26 you can say log into your normal Amazon account is supposed to be enrouted to dot UK or whatever and
    0:01:34 Everything works so express VPN protects you and enables you because it encrypts and reroutes your network traffic through secure servers
    0:01:38 So even though your traffic is still passing through your internet provider now
    0:01:43 They can’t read it express VPN is so fast also doesn’t bog things down at all
    0:01:49 I usually forget that I even have it on I can stream high-quality video with no lag or buffering even on servers
    0:01:54 Thousands of miles away gives me access to servers in a hundred and five countries around the world
    0:01:58 Which is very helpful as I am constantly traveling and love to do so
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    0:02:47 This episode is brought to you by a G1 the daily foundational nutritional supplement that supports whole body health
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    0:03:12 Conveniently while on the run, which is for me a lot of the time
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    0:05:33 At this altitude I can run flat out for a half mile before my hands start shaking
    0:05:43 I’m a cybernetic organism living this year over a metal endoskeleton
    0:05:57 Hello boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferriss. Welcome to another episode of the Tim Ferriss show
    0:06:08 Where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply and test in your own lives
    0:06:14 This episode is a two-for-one and that’s because the podcast recently hit its tenth year anniversary
    0:06:19 Which is insane to think about and past 1 billion downloads to celebrate
    0:06:26 I’ve curated some of the best of the best some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over the last decade
    0:06:31 I could not be more excited to give you these super combo episodes and internally
    0:06:36 We’ve been calling these the super combo episodes because my goal is to encourage you to yes
    0:06:42 Enjoy the household names the super famous folks, but to also introduce you to lesser-known people. I consider
    0:06:49 Stars these are people who have transformed my life and I feel like they can do the same for many of you
    0:06:53 Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle. Perhaps you missed an episode
    0:06:55 Just trust me on this one
    0:07:00 We went to great pains to put these pairings together and for the bios of all guests
    0:07:10 You can find that and more at tim.log/combo and now without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening
    0:07:13 First up Robert Rodriguez
    0:07:21 Screenwriter producer and director of Desperado from Dusk till dawn the spy kids franchise
    0:07:24 once upon a time in Mexico
    0:07:26 Frank Miller’s Sin City
    0:07:32 Machete and we can be heroes and founder of L. Ray network
    0:07:37 You can find Robert on Twitter and Instagram at Rod Regas
    0:07:47 How do you use journaling? I started, you know with the word processing way back, you know when I first started filmmaking the first
    0:07:50 When I sold El Mariachi in Columbia hired me
    0:07:55 First thing asked for was an Apple laptop computer, which was the very first one that came out
    0:07:58 They know what it was. I was the only one on the plane with one
    0:08:03 I was writing my screenplays and I would continue my journal which I’d started by handwriting it
    0:08:09 It really started I think in college my dad gave me a day planner one of those day planners
    0:08:13 And I started using it and I would write the things you’re gonna do on the left side
    0:08:18 And then you would write what you ended up doing that day on the right and even though I was in college
    0:08:20 I would try to push myself pretty hard. I would look and I’d go wow
    0:08:23 I didn’t have very much to write about myself at the end of that day
    0:08:28 I’m gonna have to give myself more things on the left so I have more to write stuff on the right
    0:08:31 It really made you reflect on your day realize I didn’t I didn’t do much today
    0:08:37 And so those got really full and I became a filmmaker right away El Mariachi got made and then during the process of El Mariachi
    0:08:39 I remember
    0:08:43 Keeping a really dense journal because it was an experiment
    0:08:49 It was really a test film and that was during all parts of the process for all all parts of the process because I thought if I’m gonna
    0:08:51 Go take on this endeavor. I know a lot of things aren’t gonna work out
    0:08:55 It’s my first feature film. No one’s intended to see it. It’s really a learning experience
    0:08:59 I’m just gonna go make it and I’m gonna be able to look back on my journal to see where I messed up
    0:09:03 It was really gonna be a document so I wouldn’t make that mistake again. I could go back and track
    0:09:08 Why did the exposure not work and I’d be able to go back and go? Oh, I didn’t do this and I didn’t do that
    0:09:13 It was really gonna be a record of failure rather than a document of success in any way
    0:09:15 it was really about
    0:09:21 recording a methodology for a project a specific project and as the process went on right away as I started
    0:09:27 Editing it. I kept track of that I sold it pretty quickly and then I was in Hollywood and that was like now
    0:09:31 I really got something to write about I was writing down all the weird stuff that was happening
    0:09:36 Finally, I decided to put out a book on just the making of a mariachi and I kept journaling from then on everything
    0:09:41 Which was rebel without a crew rebel without a crew and I would find that you meet the same people over and over again
    0:09:44 Like I wrote down very specifics of people that I would meet casually in Hollywood
    0:09:49 Knowing we would run into each other again and they know being great collaborators 10 years later
    0:09:53 You know or showing up in things and I’d be able to go back and read them stuff from the early days
    0:09:54 They would blow them away
    0:09:59 So when you write these down for instance don’t go into computer so I can find them and I do in my year
    0:10:02 So do you do it by hand and then input it into a computer? No, I do them all in the computer
    0:10:06 So I have a little alarm that goes off at midnight to make sure because around midnight’s usually a good time
    0:10:11 And I’ll write something down because I found that even when I just wrote some items down
    0:10:15 I could go back and fill them in later because you would remember and would always would shock me would kept it going
    0:10:19 It’s when I would go back and review the journals at how many
    0:10:25 Life-changing things happen like within a weekend or things that you thought were spread out over two years were actually
    0:10:27 Friday Saturday Sunday and that Monday
    0:10:34 I mean so many occurrences happen in chunks to blow you away things that kind of define you and you use some word
    0:10:40 Do you use a different application? How do you always just used word because I was the first thing I had on Apple laptop
    0:10:42 They’re about a thousand
    0:10:45 Sometimes a thousand two thousand pages per year Wow of journals
    0:10:50 Few days or I’m sorry a few pages per night on average
    0:10:55 Yeah, few pages per sometimes some some hardly anything some things are bigger and sometimes it’s a cheek sometimes
    0:10:59 I’ll clip like reviews or conversations I had that have been written down somewhere else
    0:11:02 And I’ll throw them in there too everything goes right in the right date
    0:11:08 And so I could search by date and I can kind of cross-reference stuff which is I would just say for anyone’s a parent
    0:11:12 It’s a must. It’s a must because your children and you forget everything, you know
    0:11:16 Within a few years they’ll forget things that you think they should remember for the rest of their lives now
    0:11:20 They’ll only remember it if it’s reinforced and I’m a real family man
    0:11:21 So I really love every birthday
    0:11:28 I’ll go tell my kids again because they forget by the next year what their first years were like cuz I’ll just read those journal entries
    0:11:35 And it blows them away, you know, or they’ll say hey, we should go camping again. I go camping. Oh, yeah
    0:11:40 I remember that time we went camping and I put the tent in the backyard and had electricity going through we had fans
    0:11:43 We’re watching Johnny Quest and we’re playing I must have
    0:11:49 Journal on that and I must have video so I would go year by year. I just searched camping camping camping
    0:11:56 Oh May 4th 1999 we went camping. Oh, it’s on tape 25 of this particular tape
    0:11:59 I’d go find the tape and show it to them. I’ve tried showing the tape
    0:12:04 They didn’t have to go camping again. They just relived it relived it and there was better than we even remembered
    0:12:06 so
    0:12:12 Capsulating stuff like that was just really important reminds me of something. I don’t think I’ve ever talked about but my
    0:12:18 Mom when I was 15 I spent a year abroad in Japan as my first time overseas and I was in a Japanese school
    0:12:22 It’s the only you know, where’s Waldo American kid in the entire yeah, I think it was 5,000 students school
    0:12:27 Japanese family and of course I assumed at the time I was going to remember everything that happened
    0:12:29 But my mom to her credit
    0:12:33 Every time we had a phone call would get off the phone and write down what I had said
    0:12:38 Wow, and so she has this record of my experience in Japan that I have no record of and of course
    0:12:40 I don’t remember any of it without that kind of queuing. Yeah
    0:12:47 Part of that came from I read about a diary my mom tried to keep when we were really though and it had
    0:12:49 Very few entries
    0:12:53 But one of the most defining moments when she pushed me into a pole because I wouldn’t go jump in
    0:12:55 She knew I just needed a push and I felt totally betrayed
    0:13:01 Angry with it it was in there, but had her side of the story and of course it was correct
    0:13:06 But I wish she had written more so I thought I’m gonna make sure I write and now it’s become an addiction
    0:13:10 And I and it’s just so necessary me you ask her girlfriend or your wife
    0:13:12 What do we do last year on your birthday?
    0:13:17 They won’t remember a year goes by you will not remember the details you go back and you see the journals
    0:13:20 It’s even better the second time you live that again, and you realize the importance of it
    0:13:21 and when you meet someone
    0:13:28 You think might be a recurring figure in your life or you meet someone who ends up being a teacher of some type
    0:13:29 Mm-hmm
    0:13:34 How often do you go back and review the notes or do you is it really just in time information?
    0:13:37 Not just in case so when you when you realize oh my god
    0:13:40 I’m gonna be meeting say Francis Ford Coppola for the second time
    0:13:45 I should probably go back and look at what happened in the first meeting or is it something that you proactively review
    0:13:50 It’s only gonna need to know because there’s so many things you mean you’re you’re really I’d tell myself
    0:13:53 I want to be the guy looking through the windshield not the rearview mirror
    0:13:58 But sometimes you can see better through the windshield if you look through the rearview mirror and look at some of this stuff
    0:14:01 That’s gone on and seen kind of makes sense of where your
    0:14:05 Relationships are going or what you’ve learned and it blows me away sometimes
    0:14:09 I’ll just go ahead and look somebody up you know that I’m about to meet with I just met with Jim Cameron
    0:14:11 We have always talked like four hours
    0:14:15 We hadn’t seen each other in a few years and they looked up old stuff and I was like oh my god
    0:14:18 Do you remember we did this this time at him 20 years ago
    0:14:21 And we’d been friends over the years and they totally forgot when I went and showed him
    0:14:25 Desperado for the first time before it came out just to see what he thought
    0:14:29 He’s watched it in his screening room, and he gave me two little manuscripts here
    0:14:34 Why watch your movie you go read couple of my treatments one of them was for spider-man and one of them was for avatar
    0:14:40 This was a 1994. Wow. That’s how long ago he had that and how much that was going in his head
    0:14:42 I thought wow
    0:14:46 To keep something that was that visionary and you had that long waiting for the technology to come
    0:14:51 Those kind of things made you realize some of these projects. I’ve had for ten years
    0:14:52 I should go re-bring them back up
    0:14:57 I wonder and I have I have since then dusted off something that I’d had 15 years and
    0:15:02 Sold it and now I’ve just finished a screenplay for it. So you mentioned Jim Cameron
    0:15:09 I had an opportunity to I met him very briefly through the X Prize and Peter D. Mendis and those guys and
    0:15:14 As part of the experience it was a fundraiser for the X Prize. We all got
    0:15:19 Staff or crew shirts from avatar, right and the shirts said
    0:15:22 It said something along the lines of hope is not a strategy
    0:15:26 failure is not an option luck is not a factor and
    0:15:30 Jim is known for being very demanding not in a bad way
    0:15:34 But I thought that shirt was just it spoke volumes
    0:15:38 I think in so many different ways about sort of his process his mentality
    0:15:45 How do you keep morale high when you’re working with a crew and maybe like you said you’re doing like an exterior
    0:15:49 Shot in Austin and people are just suffering and sweating and so on fatigue
    0:15:52 Do you have any tricks or?
    0:15:57 Approaches that you use over and over again to keep kind of morale high and get the best out of people
    0:16:00 I’ve worked with the same crew for some of them for 20 years
    0:16:07 And so they kind of know already the philosophy I tend to have and I’ve learned this not through filmmaking
    0:16:13 But through other disciplines sometimes working with painters and with sculptors and musician friends because what I found
    0:16:15 It’s kind of why I do so many different jobs is because
    0:16:19 Creativity is in job specific. I mean if you know how to be creative
    0:16:25 You can literally jump from job to job with no training and do them pretty well because the technical part of any job is 10%
    0:16:30 90% of that is creativity if you already know how to be creative you’ve kind of got the battle
    0:16:34 You know half B, which is you don’t need to know you don’t need to know what notes specifically
    0:16:37 You’re gonna play when you get on stage and do your solo everybody will go. What did you just play and you’re gonna go?
    0:16:41 I don’t know. Yes, it’s to me fun though. How do you know what you’re playing just now?
    0:16:46 I don’t even know what I played. I said, well, it was fantastic anybody tape it. No, that’s another one
    0:16:50 It goes off into the air, you know, I guess any of the greats, you know painters
    0:16:56 I studied under a painter Sebastian Kruger went all the way to Germany to watch him paint to figure out his trick
    0:16:59 How does he do it because I tried to do what he did and it looked like garbage
    0:17:04 He must have a special brush much to have special paint and a special technique and I go
    0:17:09 No, he’s just doing starts with the mid tones just knocking in some highlights a little bit on the chin
    0:17:11 Then he goes to the high and how do you know where to go next because oh, I never know
    0:17:15 It’s different every time that drives me bonkers. We need so how come I can’t do that
    0:17:19 And I go sit down and suddenly I could do it it blows you away
    0:17:24 So I take those lessons back and I teach my actors that I teach my crew that so just to don’t need to know
    0:17:30 Yeah, so since it started pause, but this is so fascinating to me. So what clicked what was the realization when you sat down?
    0:17:35 And so you get in your own way thinking that you needed to know something a trick or a
    0:17:39 Process before it would flow if you got out of the way
    0:17:45 It would just flow what gives you permission to let it flow sometimes if you take four years of schooling or you study under somebody
    0:17:49 Then you’ve suddenly given your permission to let it flow and I know you’re a guy who likes to take a shortcut in
    0:17:51 Here’s the shortcut just get out of your own way
    0:17:57 Right you just opening it up the pipe and that creativity flows through and as soon as your ego gets in the way and you go
    0:18:03 But I don’t know if I know what to do next. You’ve already put I in front of it and you’ve already blocked it a little bit
    0:18:06 I did it once but I don’t know if I can do it again
    0:18:10 It was never you the best you can be is just to get out of the way so it comes through
    0:18:14 So when an actor comes to me or crew member goes, I’m not sure I know how to play this part
    0:18:18 Or I’m not sure I know because that’s beautiful because the other half’s gonna show up over there
    0:18:19 They say knowing to have the battle
    0:18:23 I think the most important part is the other half not knowing not knowing what’s gonna happen
    0:18:27 But you trust that it’ll be there when you put the brush up to the canvas
    0:18:30 It’s gonna know where to go and the further you’re out of the way of it
    0:18:35 It’ll just happen so the trust comes first and trust comes first you have to trust first and then it’ll happen
    0:18:38 And I always point it out when it does I point it out
    0:18:41 You’ll see it and I’ll point it out when it’s gonna fall on your lap
    0:18:45 Or I’ll just call upon you to come up with something and you will and I’m gonna point out because that’s the magic
    0:18:48 You’re just gonna be open to it. It’s all attitude. There’s nothing wrong that could ever happen
    0:18:53 I remember I’m from desktop on the film the special effects guys
    0:18:59 Put too much fire and the explosion and the actors come running out of the building and the it’s in the movie
    0:19:03 You see the building blow up the bar at the end and the fireball if you were to continue
    0:19:07 But I cut away it just kept going and engulfed the whole set and that was the first shot
    0:19:11 We still needed lots of other stuff to shoot with it and they’re like, okay
    0:19:17 Everyone else is freaking out the production designers cry and those all their work and mean my assistant director
    0:19:21 He came over and he goes you think what I’m thinking. Oh, yeah, this it looks good the way it is
    0:19:25 It’s all charred. Let’s just keep shooting and we’ll do the repair
    0:19:28 You know little repair these been done for next week and we’ll shoot that exterior next week
    0:19:34 But let’s just shoot let’s just keep shooting sometimes you use those gifts because nothing ever goes according to plan
    0:19:38 And sometimes when I hear you know new filmmakers talk they talk all down about their film
    0:19:41 No, well nothing worked and it was a disappointment. It’s like oh, they don’t realize it
    0:19:45 That’s the job the job is that nothing is gonna work at all and you go
    0:19:47 How can I turn that in a way?
    0:19:52 To turn it into a positive and I get something much better than if I had all the time money in the world
    0:19:56 Yeah, and I love those experiences so much that I would purposely
    0:20:03 And I talked to Michael Mann about this and Michael Mann director’s chair because we talked about manhunter once years ago
    0:20:08 And he retell me the story and he didn’t have any money. He’d fired the effects crew
    0:20:14 It’s some of the really cool staccato editing was really to cover up the fact that they didn’t have effects and I didn’t know that
    0:20:18 I always thought it was a stylistic choice. He goes no because we didn’t have any money or time
    0:20:21 And I had the covers cut it in myself and I was throwing ketchup on the guy in between and I put it at it
    0:20:24 I was like, oh my god. I thought that was brilliant stylistic choice. No
    0:20:28 I said, I’m gonna do that for all my movies now
    0:20:30 I want all of them to not have enough money not enough time
    0:20:37 So that we’re forced to be more creative because that’s gonna give it something to spark that you can’t manufacture and people will tap it
    0:20:39 Or they go, I don’t know why I like this movie. It’s kind of a weird move
    0:20:43 But there’s something about it that makes me want to watch it again and again because it’s got a life to it
    0:20:50 Sometimes art is should be imperfect in a way the point you made just a minute ago about creativity
    0:20:55 Transferring from one area to the next to seemingly unrelated
    0:21:01 Skills and areas I think is really important and I cannot recommend highly enough that people check out the director’s chair
    0:21:07 and one of the one of the terms that jumped out which you kind of mentioned in your last example was the gremlins right and the
    0:21:14 Gremlins and turn to you how do you embrace the gremlins right and turn them to your advantage and the you know the example of the ending of
    0:21:21 Back to the future and how like the church down and all of that was because the studios just refused to finance this more
    0:21:25 Kind of spectacular ending things that you would think that planned for four years
    0:21:30 Yeah, we’re created at the last moment and you guys couldn’t believe that myself. That’s why I enjoy doing those interviews
    0:21:34 I truly want to know these things because they still blow me away the creative process blows me away
    0:21:38 And it applies to so much that even if you’re not a director or a filmmaker you watch that
    0:21:46 You see people talking about the creativity and creative process and you see how it applies to anything that you do how you raise your children
    0:21:50 how you cook food how you run a business, you know creativity is so much a part of that and
    0:21:58 When people say, oh you do so many things you your musician your painter you you know you edit your composer
    0:22:02 Cinematographer you the editor is saying you do so many different things go. No, I only do one thing
    0:22:09 I live a creative life when you put creativity in everything everything becomes available to you anything that has creative aspect
    0:22:13 Is suddenly yours to go and do there’s no separation between work and play. I mean I
    0:22:19 Work quote unquote in my house. I mean, that’s why I write my scripts come up with my ideas
    0:22:22 While I’m playing with my kids while I’m cooking them a meal
    0:22:27 Which is a creative exercise art you can eat in itself and you go upstairs and do some editing
    0:22:30 Yet it is seeing you I can already hear the kind of the music for I’ll walk over to this room
    0:22:33 I’ll do music for it. I mean then you know and I’m not sure how I’m that’s character
    0:22:39 I’m gonna get into this character said maybe I’ll paint him first and to kind of see visually what he looks like or musically
    0:22:43 What he sounds like and you can work completely non-linear that way because you realize I
    0:22:49 Can do anything I want because everything can be creative even the business call suddenly you go
    0:22:53 This is kind of out of my league, but me had my creativity to it
    0:22:56 And maybe that’ll solve something no one else would be able to solve and sure enough
    0:23:02 You can always rely on creativity to sort of win the day and in a lot of areas and with say
    0:23:08 El mariachi, I’ve heard a couple of different versions of this financing, but I’d love to know how you
    0:23:14 Financed it because I’ve heard experimental medical procedures. I’ve heard
    0:23:19 Selling your sort of body to science. How was that financed?
    0:23:23 Yeah, that’s one of the strangest things the legend kept growing around El mariachi
    0:23:27 And it’s one of the few times you’ll hear a legend where it was all literally true
    0:23:28 I mean it was
    0:23:32 It was as crazy as it sounded but back then, you know, I mean I was from a family of ten kids
    0:23:36 There was no borrowing from mom and dad to go make a movie. Yes, that was on me
    0:23:41 I was already paying my way through school and I already had two jobs. I had a job as a cartoonist
    0:23:45 I had a job working at the University and barely making rent and tuition
    0:23:51 So to go make a movie even though, you know, people would sell 7,000 that’s so cheap for a 16 millimeter movie
    0:23:55 Oh, yeah, you got $7,000 sticking out of your pocket. Who has that?
    0:24:00 So you had to kind of take down a score and the only way you could actually go do a big number
    0:24:04 West to go to this. It was one of the biggest universities in the country at the time
    0:24:08 They had this thing called a pharmacot, which was a medical research facility
    0:24:11 And it’s only like a fourth stage where it’s already been tested many times
    0:24:15 And this is the final before they get FD. You’re not replacing you. They’re not they’re not like, you know
    0:24:18 Mixing a couple things together and give it to you and say, okay, let’s see if it works
    0:24:23 They’re really kind of seen but they need healthy young specimens between the ages of 18 and 24
    0:24:25 And so that’s college students and they all need money
    0:24:28 So you go in for a weekend and make 500 bucks, which would be my picking cushion
    0:24:34 I would go in there for the longer ones. They were like a month where you would be paid for your time rather than your pain
    0:24:39 And I would write scripts while I was in there and you make two thousand three thousand dollars
    0:24:43 It’s real money in a month real money when you’re not having to pay for food and rent anything now
    0:24:45 You have to eat. Oh, so you were housed there your house there
    0:24:49 Yeah, you’re housing you can’t leave and you got to eat and shit and pee at a certain time benefit though
    0:24:54 Right because you’re they’re covering some of your what would otherwise be expensive. It was a great deal
    0:24:58 And so I did a couple of those and one of them was a drug that’s on the market Lipitor
    0:25:02 Cholesterol lowering drug. That’s the one I was on so I got to eat bacon
    0:25:06 Okay, I got to eat a high cholesterol diet
    0:25:12 I use that money to go and make the film because I had an idea we could sell it for at least double what we made it if we
    0:25:16 Kept the budget really low. I didn’t know so I had to just make it for as little as possible
    0:25:21 Most of that money went to just the film stock and I really didn’t think anyone was gonna see it
    0:25:25 It was really just a test film. That’s why I did it in Spanish. I did it for the Spanish market
    0:25:29 I was already had a bunch of award-winning short films, but I needed to practice telling features
    0:25:34 So I thought I’d just make a bunch of features for the Spanish market just to get some seasoning do all the jobs myself
    0:25:39 Because I couldn’t afford a crew and that way I’ll learn them all if I can sell it for twice of what I put in
    0:25:41 That’s like the best film school. I’ll learn every job
    0:25:43 I’ll do like two or three of these things cut them all together
    0:25:49 Take out the best portions and use it on my demo reel and then use the money that I make to go make a real first
    0:25:56 film English language American independent film the first one got released by Columbia Pictures and I was shocked
    0:25:58 how did that happen and
    0:26:04 Who took a chance on you or how did you increase the odds of that happening because I guess it was Sundance
    0:26:07 Is that was that the trigger? No, I was already bought by Sundance. It was already bought by Sundance
    0:26:10 So how did that happen? I had this crazy idea
    0:26:14 I had made this short film by myself was a wind-up camera was eight minutes long
    0:26:20 It was called bedhead. It’s online and I utilized it to use slow motion and all kinds of things that I couldn’t use on a
    0:26:25 Video camera. I really wanted to show off what I could do with that little camera as a world world or two camera
    0:26:28 They’ll wind up ones. I mean a piece of junk but it could do stuff
    0:26:33 It couldn’t do a video shot that put it in festivals and won a bunch of festivals and I was like wow
    0:26:38 I did that all by myself with $800 it’s eight minutes if I did that times 10
    0:26:42 I could do an 80-minute movie for $8,000 or less because it would be dialogue scenes
    0:26:45 It wouldn’t be wall-to-wall action like that short film. I could pat it out
    0:26:50 I could probably do it for five grand I felt like I was getting away with something coming up with this idea thinking
    0:26:53 How come no one’s ever done this before let me go try it this summer
    0:26:57 I mean try it for the Spanish video market because they make them for like 30 grand, but I’ll guarantee no one sees it
    0:27:01 I’ll call it a mariachi, which is basically if you’re going to the action section
    0:27:07 You won’t buy a movie call a random movie called the guitar player that promises no action at all
    0:27:11 But I just thought you know had a sense of humor and I thought let me make it kind of don’t really want people to see it
    0:27:14 I just want to be able to test out these ideas and see if it’s possible
    0:27:19 Shot shot shot cut it cut it cut it went to sell it in LA because that’s where the distributors were for those
    0:27:25 U.S. Distributed Spanish language movies because you would just look at the video box and all the companies were like on Wilson Boulevard
    0:27:27 So I drove up here with my friend Carlos
    0:27:33 And the in I had was there was going to be a 25th anniversary of the Texas Film Commission in Austin
    0:27:39 and a bunch of people from Hollywood that Governor and Richards was trying to invite in and I saw the list of people and one of the
    0:27:44 Agents from ICM called Robert Newman was going to be there and I thought maybe I can try and slip on my short films
    0:27:50 Well, the whole thing got canceled and fell apart. So when I was in LA, I called ICM up cold
    0:27:54 I looked him up in the film book called him up. This was in 1992 and asked for Robert Newman’s office
    0:27:58 And they put me right through he was a new agent there. He didn’t have any directors yet
    0:28:00 I called up his assistant and said hey, can I talk to Robert Newman?
    0:28:04 He was gonna come down to this 25th anniversary thing and they said oh
    0:28:08 Said yeah, what happened with that? I was already to come down. Oh, I don’t know
    0:28:10 But I was gonna show you my film and I’m here in town
    0:28:14 I wanted to drop off my award-winning short film in a trailer for a movie I made for $7,000
    0:28:16 Okay, drop it off. I couldn’t believe it dropped it off
    0:28:20 He called me back up the next day. Hey the machine ate my tape
    0:28:27 He actually watched it couldn’t believe it went made another tape give it to waited over the weekend and I got to call
    0:28:33 And he says I love the short film, but I love the trailer the trailer for this movie the mariachi movie
    0:28:37 I mean, it’s like a world-class trailer because I kind of I knew people can watch the whole thing
    0:28:39 So I was pretty good at it. I kept this really snazzy
    0:28:45 Trailer that just made you want to watch the movie and he said it. How much did it cost again? It’s at 7,000
    0:28:48 Well, that’s pretty good. Most trailers cost 20 or 30. No, no the whole film cost
    0:28:53 So come on. I know the whole thing I shot it. I shot it really little budge
    0:28:56 But I’m gonna can I come up and talk to you so you had me come up and I told them
    0:29:01 I plan on making two or three of these like a trilogy of these guy with a guitar case as
    0:29:08 Just a test and I’m wondering what else I should put on my demo tape because you know my award-winning short films been doing well
    0:29:13 I think it was all kind of like a dollars trilogy and I could get you work right now off of this
    0:29:18 So really because yeah, I send this to the studios just put subtitles on it and I’ll send it to him
    0:29:21 So I subtitled it send it he got me a two-year deal right away
    0:29:26 Columbia pictures not to even release mariachi mariachi was just a calling card, but it happened to so quick
    0:29:33 I mean, I was really young was what 22 23. I really thought I was gonna make some test films first and have a chance to come up with
    0:29:39 What my big idea was. I mean, I wasn’t no rush. I really wanted to be prepared. I really wanted to learn every job and really know
    0:29:43 What I was doing so this suddenly caught me by surprise because now they’re asking well
    0:29:47 You’re a filmmaker now and he even wrote me down as a writer director. I guess a writer director
    0:29:49 I guess I wrote the scrubs. Oh, yeah, I guess I’m a writer director
    0:29:52 I really thought of myself that way and I was suddenly
    0:29:58 Young kid plunged into this world and I suddenly have to come up with a bunch of original ideas because this was my shot
    0:30:03 It was too quick. Yeah, they call it not prepared. So I thought well, look you guys like the mariachi
    0:30:08 Why don’t we just remake that remake it with like Antonio bandedis in Spain and we’ll just cast it up and just remain
    0:30:09 They said, okay, that’s a good idea
    0:30:15 But we want to test screen on mariachi first to make sure people aren’t think that’s a downer ending when the girl gets killed
    0:30:20 So they made a film print they tested it people liked it the way it was they decided to take it to festivals
    0:30:25 I completely protested. It’s like this was my practice film. No one was ever supposed to see this
    0:30:30 Give me $2,000 my debut baton ball. Don’t put this out for the world to say it’s out
    0:30:32 I should if I knew people were gonna see give me $2,000
    0:30:33 I’ll go reshoot half of it
    0:30:37 Just knowing people were gonna see it as my first film and they said now you don’t know what you have here
    0:30:44 It’s very special and they took it out and they went to tell your ride Toronto and the the head of Sundance came to me at Toronto
    0:30:47 So don’t show it at any more festivals and you can bring it to Sundance and put it in competition
    0:30:52 Because you know, he knew it would do really well there and it once and I was already bought by Columbia
    0:30:55 So I was one of the few films usually that it’s already had a distributor
    0:30:57 and we took it and I
    0:30:59 Had a great little talk
    0:31:02 I would do before to set it up because I had to disclaim why it was the way it was
    0:31:05 And so when you see the Columbia logo come on in the front
    0:31:10 Local probably cost more than the whole movie when everything you watch after that
    0:31:14 Just know that I how I did it. I wanted people to know how I did it
    0:31:18 I really wanted to deconstruct how it was done because I would have wanted to know that as a film student who felt
    0:31:23 Coming from a family of ten kids living in Texas people constantly saying you want to be a filmmaker?
    0:31:28 Oh, you need to move to LA that you could stay where you are and come up with something that could be sold
    0:31:29 I wanted others
    0:31:34 I just wanted to get on top of mountain tell everybody so that’s why I put out a book and that’s why even before each screening
    0:31:35 I would explain
    0:31:40 How it was even possible because I knew they would be wondering because nobody had really ever done it
    0:31:44 It wasn’t that it was impossible just nobody had done it before no one ever thought that way people kind of forgot
    0:31:49 That’s how movies really started. It was always like a couple guys with a wind-up camera and Buster Keaton in front
    0:31:55 It wasn’t a business yet when it became a business suddenly everyone had a job and you needed 200 people because it was now an industry
    0:31:57 That’s not what the art form was originally
    0:32:03 It was just the manipulation of moving images and you can do that with two people one person that was a breakthrough idea
    0:32:07 And so be able to tell them I just took stock in what I had my friend Carlos
    0:32:11 He’s got a ranch in Mexico. Okay, that’ll be where the bad guys at his cousin owns a bar
    0:32:17 The bars was gonna be the first initial shootouts were gonna be all the bad guys hang out his other cousin owns a bus line
    0:32:22 Okay, they’ll be an action scene with a bus at some point. There’s a big action scene in the middle movie with a bus
    0:32:25 He’s got a pit bull. Okay. He’s in the movie. His other friend had a turtle
    0:32:31 He found okay the turtles in the movie because people will think we had an animal wrangler and that was suddenly raised production value
    0:32:35 See I wrote everything around what we had so you never had to go searching
    0:32:39 You never had to spend anything on the movie the movie cost really nothing
    0:32:42 It was really just the the fact that I wanted to shoot it on film instead of video
    0:32:47 So that it would look more expensive and try and tell people, you know made it for 70,000 try to sell it for like 70,000
    0:32:55 Said it ended up going to Columbia and getting released and that story really when we won Sundance the audience award
    0:33:01 My acceptance speech said you’re gonna get a lot more entries next year when people find out that this is the one that won
    0:33:05 Movie made with no money. No crew. Everyone’s gonna pick up a camera start making their own movies
    0:33:10 And it’s been flooded with entries since then it was really a real change in the paradigm
    0:33:14 And it was only out of necessity. It wasn’t my big idea that it could be done
    0:33:16 I really just thought I don’t want to take anyone with me
    0:33:20 Even my best friend wanted to come help on my movie shoot from mariachi. I said no
    0:33:26 So I gotta go to Mexico and this camera bar, you know, it’s probably gonna break down the first day
    0:33:30 I don’t want to jinx it if I start bringing too many people down. I don’t mind failing
    0:33:32 I just don’t like failing at a bunch of other in front of a bunch of other people
    0:33:36 So where they go back and they say Robert trying to make a movie for no money
    0:33:45 I really didn’t think it would work and I was surprised and that’s the best I tell people is just be naive stay naive
    0:33:51 Throw it away. Don’t overthink it. I didn’t overthink it at all because I would have treated it completely differently
    0:33:56 Had I thought I would ever even show it to anybody and I thought it would go to a festival and I would submit it
    0:33:58 I would have spent ten times as much
    0:34:00 I would have gone and borrowed money and done all instead
    0:34:05 It was like one take one take one two everything was one take even if it didn’t work because I had the film so expensive
    0:34:08 So I would go and it was a noisy camera. It was a soundless camera
    0:34:13 I mean, it would make so much noise. You couldn’t record sound. So I had to record sound the way you’re doing right now
    0:34:18 Right, so I would shoot a take put the camera away get the sound out put the mic up close
    0:34:21 So for those people, yeah, we have two mics attached to a little recording device
    0:34:25 I would put the mic as close as you have it. So I got great sound, but it was out of sync
    0:34:30 But you kind of talk in your own rhythm. So if you say hi, my name is you know Robert
    0:34:36 Put the camera away. Okay, now do the audio. Hi, my name is Robert the kinds of comes in pretty much get a little sync
    0:34:38 I don’t like rubbery lips if you look at mariachi
    0:34:41 It’s all in sync except where it started to get out of sync
    0:34:46 I cut away to the dog or I cut away to a close-up and it created this really little snappy editing style
    0:34:50 But it was really just to get it back in sync because I couldn’t stand that but that was the whole idea
    0:34:54 You know, it’s like, let me just try and do all these things myself and see if we can put it together
    0:34:55 it reminds me of
    0:35:01 Jack Ma, I mean it’s very consistent among these people who seem to come out of nowhere and build something very big
    0:35:06 Of course, there are exceptions, but Jack Ma of Ali Baba. I said, you know, we had a couple of advantages when we started
    0:35:08 We had no experience no money
    0:35:15 No plan and so every dollar we spent we had to consider very very very carefully. Well, my plan was I had a really good plan
    0:35:16 This was the plan was
    0:35:22 I’m gonna go shoot one take of everything because the film is the most expensive item if I just shoot two takes
    0:35:27 You know one just in case I’ve just doubled my budget so one take I’ll cut it together
    0:35:32 The stuff that I need to come reshoot will only reshoot that will only get those shots
    0:35:36 He never come back and reshoot by the time you get back up there back to Austin
    0:35:43 You figure out a way to cut around things that were like not done right or a little slow or and I never came back
    0:35:45 And reshot anything you end up just working with what you got
    0:35:50 But it left me off got me off the hook from being too precious is by knowing I had that safety net
    0:35:55 Which I never ended up using so if you can do that for yourself, you know in any area that you’re in
    0:36:00 Try to just go free with abandoned and sometimes, you know, they say that for writing a book or writing a script
    0:36:05 Just right don’t keep rereading each page and going oh, it’s not good enough and then tear it up and throw it in the trash can
    0:36:06 You’ll never get anywhere
    0:36:10 You got to just get momentum get it down and keep going and come back later with fresh eyes and look at it again
    0:36:12 Now that you have access to so many resources
    0:36:15 what are practices you have or
    0:36:24 Principles for maintaining that scrappy creative mindset right because if you you don’t have to have many constraints if you don’t want to yeah
    0:36:28 At this point are there ways that you try to simulate that or there’s a couple things with that
    0:36:32 This is freedom of limitations, you know, there’s almost more freeing to know I
    0:36:39 Got to use only these items turtle bar ranch. You’re almost completely free within that. You know, you almost can do
    0:36:42 not anything because that would be almost
    0:36:46 Too many options, but you’re just put into a box is one of my favorite moves
    0:36:50 I did with Quentin was called four rooms where they said we’re all doing short films
    0:36:55 We’re all have the same criteria has to be set in one room has to be New Year’s Eve and you have to use the bell hop
    0:36:59 The freedom of limitations was enormous
    0:37:04 I mean you watch that short and it goes all over the room by the end we burn down the room
    0:37:10 I mean, it’s it’s almost a some more exciting to know that you were in a box and you could be creative within that box
    0:37:13 So now that so many things are available to you you want to limit yourself in a way
    0:37:20 So I try to limit time and try to limit money so that we can really get still keep that essence of creativity
    0:37:23 And deliver on the screen something that just looks much bigger
    0:37:28 So that you can retain your freedom creative freedom because if you start spending more money
    0:37:36 Suddenly the financiers rightfully so the studios or you know, the executives will be over your shoulder constantly
    0:37:41 Questioning every move you make because they want their money back, but if you keep the budget low
    0:37:46 It’s a win-win situation and the movie does great. It’s a great success of the movie doesn’t do great
    0:37:50 It’s still a success because it didn’t cost very much and it’ll make back its money over time
    0:37:52 That’s kind of where I’ve kind of lived and breathe
    0:37:55 I’m about to jump out of the box a little bit more and do some things that are a little bigger
    0:37:59 Just to learn more you could you just learn more when you go and do other kind of assignments
    0:38:04 But where it’s really the most fun and that’s why you guys how do you keep the morale high?
    0:38:08 The morale is always high on the set because they know we’re just being creative. That’s the name of the game
    0:38:14 It’s not looking for a result. It’s like how can we just keep ourselves jazzed about this?
    0:38:24 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show this episode is brought to you by element spelled
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    0:39:30 and
    0:39:36 Now Susan Kane
    0:39:43 Number one New York Times best-selling author of quiet the power of introverts in a world that can’t stop talking
    0:39:51 Which spent eight years on the New York Times bestsellers list and bittersweet how sorrow and longing make us whole and
    0:39:57 Award-winning speaker whose TED talks have garnered more than 46 million views
    0:40:02 You can find Susan on Instagram at Susan Kane author
    0:40:07 Susan welcome to the show. Thank you so much for having me
    0:40:12 I have been looking forward to having you on the show for some time and
    0:40:17 We have a lot of terrain to possibly cover so we may end up having a part two and three
    0:40:21 But I don’t want to get ahead of myself. I thought that we could look at
    0:40:28 Public speaking just for a second because many people will associate you with this blockbuster
    0:40:30 mega hit of a TED talk and
    0:40:34 Rumor has it that you
    0:40:41 Straight in the delivery room from the get-go were a natural born killer on stage. This is true
    0:40:45 Were you born a spectacular public speaker? Oh my gosh
    0:40:52 Okay, well everybody listening you can’t see Tim right now, but he has a very devilish smile on his face
    0:40:57 because of course the answer is the complete opposite so I
    0:41:03 Had a lifelong while dating back to middle school. I know exactly when it started
    0:41:09 I had an almost lifelong fear of public speaking and a lot of people say they’re afraid of public speaking and you know
    0:41:15 They’re telling the truth, but like they didn’t have a fear the way I had a fear of it. It was so extreme
    0:41:21 What was the triggering event? Oh, okay, the triggering event was I had recently switched to a new middle school and
    0:41:25 I was in an English literature class
    0:41:31 And I probably appeared to the teacher in that class to be not a shy person at all because I love English
    0:41:35 So I was always participating. Anyway, she called me up to the front of the room
    0:41:38 We were doing Macbeth and she called me up with a friend of mine and she said okay
    0:41:44 You’re gonna play Lady Macbeth and your friend Rob is gonna play a Macbeth and just improvise this scene and
    0:41:49 for me as a shy person in a new school, this was like
    0:41:51 total kryptonite and I
    0:41:55 Couldn’t say anything. I just completely
    0:42:02 Blanked out and just stood there dumbly at the front of the class and finally just had to kind of sit back down
    0:42:07 Red-faced not having said a word. That sounds terrible. Oh my god making my palms sweat
    0:42:16 Just listening to it. Yeah. Yeah, you know and I know this now now that I’ve studied all this stuff that if you have an experience like that
    0:42:18 It gets encoded into your amygdala
    0:42:25 Which is the part of your brain that registers all your fears and then the amygdala for the rest of your life is doing its job by saying
    0:42:31 Oh, you know, I’m gonna steer you clear of any situation ever approximating anything like that literature class ever again
    0:42:33 so
    0:42:38 After that any time I had to give a speech and I did it, you know, I used to be a lawyer and on Wall Street and stuff
    0:42:40 Anytime I would do it
    0:42:48 I would just sort of suffer my way through and I would always lose five pounds because I couldn’t eat before like for a week before
    0:42:56 Then I started writing this book quiet after I had left law and I really really really cared about it
    0:42:57 You know
    0:43:01 It was my dream come true to be a writer and I cared so much about the ideas in the book
    0:43:07 And I didn’t want my fear to stand in my way and I was giving this Ted talk
    0:43:12 So I had to overcome it. How did the opportunity for the Ted talk come about?
    0:43:17 So I had a friend who worked at Ted told him about the book
    0:43:20 And he kind of passed on the idea to the curators at the time
    0:43:26 And I think that they understood that most of the Ted audience is really introverted
    0:43:29 And so they knew that it would relate with their audience
    0:43:35 And I think that that was probably why they invited me in and I mean I’ll come back to how I overcame my fear in a minute
    0:43:41 But I will tell you they turned out to be so accurate that after I gave the talk
    0:43:48 You know, I came down off the stage and I was absolutely mobbed for the whole rest of the week by every single other audience member
    0:43:51 Who are all coming to tell me, you know, that’s my story too
    0:43:56 And I’m going around pretending to be this very confident extroverted person and that’s not really who I am
    0:44:01 So amazing. Yeah, prison company included. Oh, yeah
    0:44:06 Absolutely, I will steer us back and you will also bring us back to what we were just talking about but
    0:44:14 Last night at a group dinner, which I helped organize. Keep in mind at a wonderful restaurant here in New York City called the Lillian celebrities place
    0:44:20 I had to take four or five bathroom breaks, which were not to use the bathroom
    0:44:24 It was just that is what I do at any dinner of more than one or two people
    0:44:31 I have to exit not just the conversations, but the environment to just
    0:44:38 Recharge my batteries and gather my bearings for a few minutes and then go back on it’s it’s like you’re feeling a kind of over-stimulation
    0:44:44 Overstimulation. Yeah. Yeah. I mean, that’s so interesting because I’ve heard you talk before about
    0:44:51 Moving to Austin and having these group dinners and I thought oh, that’s so interesting that that’s what Tim wants to do because I
    0:44:57 Would never choose to socialize that way. I always love to socialize one-on-one almost the way we’re doing right now
    0:45:02 Yeah, sitting here just talking. There’s a kind of boiling point for me in terms of size like four to six
    0:45:09 I can handle and it depends for me also on the environment. I think more so than the number of people
    0:45:13 So when I do these group dinners, I will generally host them at home or
    0:45:19 Have them at one of my friend’s homes right not in a popular restaurant
    0:45:25 Yeah, like I did last night. So I’m just gonna say what what’s interesting about that is how strategic
    0:45:30 You are about it and I really noticed this with people. So we were just talking about Ted
    0:45:34 I was just talking to Chris Anderson who runs Ted about this whole phenomenon
    0:45:39 And he describes himself as an introvert to you and he said he loves group dinners
    0:45:45 If there’s a specific topic that everybody is gathered there to discuss and he knows it’s gonna be something really substantive
    0:45:47 Then he’s in his comfort zone, you know
    0:45:52 But if it’s just kind of this amorphous socializing, he wants to leave. So just on the tactical practical side
    0:46:00 I also tend to very frequently cook the meal for the group so that I have a task
    0:46:03 while people are arriving and
    0:46:09 Talking also deliberate because I’m often inviting people who don’t know one another
    0:46:15 So I want them to have a chance to chat without having me as a mutual crutch if that makes sense
    0:46:17 Yep, but in any case
    0:46:21 Yeah, no, and that’s a really common strategy and I hear that from many people
    0:46:28 Yeah, but I can play extrovert. I’m good at playing extrovert, but up until say 6th grade
    0:46:29 I wouldn’t even go out to recess
    0:46:35 I would sit on a step and read usually books about sharks and fish because I wanted to be a marine biologist
    0:46:37 But I wouldn’t even go out to recess. Wow
    0:46:41 So a lot of what you talk about and I’ve written about certainly strikes a chord now
    0:46:43 I feel like I want to ask you so many questions
    0:46:50 Well, I’m sure if we talked about if we could go back and talk to 6th grade you right this minute
    0:46:57 Like would 6th grade you have any idea that you would have the life path that yours has taken that’s so public
    0:47:04 Absolutely not. No, definitely not. I mean what happened in 6th grade also just for people who might be wondering
    0:47:08 Well, what happened in 6th grade if it’s up until 6th grade what happened in 6th grade or I should say more accurately
    0:47:14 The summer of 5th grade is that I had a huge growth spurt and I had been bullied really badly
    0:47:18 I was born premature and very small and I was bullied really really badly up until
    0:47:26 The end of 5th grade then I left to a summer camp and gained about 30 pounds of muscle and grew four to five inches
    0:47:28 over the summer came back and
    0:47:32 Then it’s like a captain America. Yeah, yeah, exactly
    0:47:37 And then the bullies who had been accustomed to bullying me tried their usual playbook
    0:47:42 And I just went on this vigilante spree like the Punisher and that changed the dynamic social
    0:47:47 So I was able to actually go outside and do things that I wanted to do
    0:47:53 Recess from that point on so it didn’t mean that I socialized a lot more, but it has more mobility
    0:48:02 So that is that is what happened, but like you and this is part of the reason why I wanted to start with this
    0:48:09 Question about overcoming a fear of public speaking is that it’s when the people see the finished product
    0:48:16 It’s easy to assume that it comes from an attribute as opposed to a skill. Yes, and
    0:48:20 in fact a lot of what appears to be
    0:48:25 Natural appears only to be natural because it started off very very unnatural
    0:48:31 And someone has worked at shipping away at it over time. I think that’s true
    0:48:34 I think so often when you see someone who’s really good at almost anything
    0:48:40 It’s because they actually started out exactly the opposite and then they cared so much about fixing that problem
    0:48:44 Yeah, but in terms of how I overcame that fear and I have this kind of
    0:48:52 Evangelical desire to share it because it was so extreme. I feel like if I could do it then I know anyone can overcome any fear
    0:48:58 So first of all, I spent years sitting in therapists offices kind of coasily discussing
    0:49:04 Well, what might be the sources of this fear and you know, what do I trace it back to and and that does no good at all
    0:49:09 I’m actually a big believer in therapy, but not for this type of issue
    0:49:16 So what really does it if you’re afraid of something you have to expose yourself very slowly to the thing that you fear in
    0:49:21 Really manageable doses so you can’t start off by giving the Ted talk
    0:49:28 So in my case I signed up for the seminar and it was a seminar for people with public speaking anxiety here in New York and
    0:49:32 You know, you’d get there and on the very first day
    0:49:34 All you had to do was stand up
    0:49:42 Say your name sit back down declare victory. You’re finished and that’s it. What was the organization?
    0:49:46 Oh gosh toastmasters or something. No, and I am a big fan of toastmasters
    0:49:53 But this was almost like more remedial than toastmasters like yeah, this is like pre toastmasters. Yeah, so
    0:50:00 The guy’s name. He’s amazing. His name is Charles de Cagno and you can find his organization
    0:50:04 It’s speak easy calm and I think it’s spelled with three E’s perfect
    0:50:08 I’ll put a link in the show notes for people as well. Yeah. Yeah, I really recommend him
    0:50:12 Yeah, and so, you know, you’d come back the next week and maybe you’d stand up
    0:50:15 And he would do these things like he’d have people stand on either side of you
    0:50:19 So you didn’t feel all all alone up there on stage. It’s brilliant. Yeah. Yeah
    0:50:24 And then the audience would ask you questions like where are you from and where’d you go to college?
    0:50:28 You know, so really easy stuff you answer the questions and you’re done
    0:50:33 And it’s like if you do that little by little by little you actually really can overcome it
    0:50:41 It’s kind of crazy, but true, but I will say having said all this still, you know, there’s something about a tend talk
    0:50:44 That’s on some whole crazy other realm of
    0:50:50 Yes, public speaking nerves and even if the setting is exactly the same. There is a
    0:50:53 performance anxiety
    0:50:58 Associated with that three letter acronym for sure. Yeah, we were talking about this before we started taping
    0:51:00 Yeah, so many of the speakers are really
    0:51:07 Practiced on stage and yet you see them minutes before they go out and they’re sweating bullets and they’re they’re all losing it
    0:51:13 Yeah, we were chatting for a second about then Chris Anderson could certainly correct me and blank in the exact term
    0:51:16 But there’s some space right next to the stage
    0:51:20 behind the curtain called the Zen room or the
    0:51:27 Relaxation cube. There’s some very pleasant sounding name for this space and it’s intended to be the next up
    0:51:32 batting cage for the two or three speakers to come and I remember
    0:51:36 It’s probably 15 or 20 minutes before I was supposed to go live or no
    0:51:42 It couldn’t have been that it was probably an hour before and I really didn’t want to be around a lot of people and in the green room
    0:51:47 They’re all sorts of staff and lots of people milling around and working on production and I thought to myself
    0:51:49 I need to go to the Zen room. We’ll just call the Zen room
    0:51:54 And so I walk out to the Zen room and I won’t mention names, but there are like three just
    0:51:57 Killers these are
    0:52:01 Consummit professionals who have done this type of thing thousands of times people
    0:52:04 I look up to and would love to someday have a coffee with and they are
    0:52:07 freaking the fuck out
    0:52:11 And I was like not helping not helping I need to leave the Zen room right now
    0:52:21 So yes, it’s a different beast. So how do you go from talking about your favorite color on stage with two people next to you to Ted then?
    0:52:29 Okay, so I graduated from that to Toastmasters, which I also completely recommend and should I describe what that is?
    0:52:32 Yes, please. Yeah, okay. So Toastmasters. It’s a worldwide organization
    0:52:37 You can absolutely find one near you because they’re everywhere and it’s basically this
    0:52:42 non-for-profit thing where you sign up for a group that meets near you and
    0:52:46 Once every two weeks you get together and you practice public speaking together
    0:52:50 And they have this ritualized way of doing it and some of the time you’re practicing
    0:52:57 Speaking off the top of your head and sometimes it’s a prepared speech and it’s just kind of giving you that exposure therapy of
    0:53:03 You know putting you in the beast of the thing that most frightens you you have to show up every two weeks and do it
    0:53:07 So I did that but then the next stage after that and it was my husband’s idea
    0:53:12 I hired a coach for the full week before the Ted talk
    0:53:20 It was really amazing guy named Jim Fife who I also completely recommend and since then he has coached many other Ted speakers
    0:53:25 So I worked with him morning till night for a full week before the talk for you
    0:53:33 Yeah, and what did the working with him look like okay, so he he did a really brilliant thing
    0:53:39 He was very psychologically attuned and I said to him, you know, I’m really comfortable in
    0:53:45 General talking to people one-on-one and kind of like cozely sitting on a couch and talking about life
    0:53:51 I love that for me at that point though getting up on a stage and holding forth was the hard thing
    0:53:54 So he said okay, let’s practice your talk
    0:53:58 Sitting on the couch and just talk to me about it
    0:54:04 And we did that for like two days and it was only after that that we then moved to the stage and started getting into kind of
    0:54:07 The theatrics of it that kind of transition was so helpful
    0:54:16 It’s I just want to note that this is I spend so much time with it. I’m so obsessed with good teachers
    0:54:18 Yeah, good coaches
    0:54:24 This is very common where they will effectively say let’s start from where you are right now, right?
    0:54:30 They will always return if they sense any type of overwhelm or fear to bring you back to a point of familiarity or comfort
    0:54:32 Yeah, and then edge into
    0:54:36 Sort of the next concentric circle of yeah is your limit of comfort
    0:54:42 Yeah, and I think they also have to show a lot of non-judgment because I had some dark moments during that week
    0:54:48 you know for me this was the abyss and I was just hanging out in the abyss for a week and
    0:54:54 So he saw me, you know, I had only just met him and he saw me not in the most flattering circumstances
    0:54:56 And yet I didn’t feel embarrassed by that
    0:55:03 There’s anything about anything in the beginning to assess you or establish a baseline or was it more of an interview?
    0:55:08 That he used like an intake. Do you remember what it wasn’t really formal like that, you know
    0:55:11 He’s such a human guy. It was just like we were just talking
    0:55:15 Yeah, yeah disguised as intake smart fellow
    0:55:20 Yeah, and then so the amazing thing to me now is I
    0:55:24 Now super ironically have a career as a public speaker
    0:55:31 Like I travel the world going and giving talks to all different companies and conferences all over the place
    0:55:35 Like I asked you well if we could tell sixth grade Tim where he would be
    0:55:38 What would he say and I say that to myself, too
    0:55:41 Like if you could have even told me eight years ago, but this would be my life
    0:55:44 I would have been so shocked by it and now I’ve come to like it
    0:55:47 So do you have any particular?
    0:55:57 Pre-game ritual or anything that you did in the hours leading up to your talk that helped or that you didn’t do
    0:56:02 I have things now back then. I just suffered but what do you have now now?
    0:56:07 I have a few things. I mean I do deep breathing just like everyone else
    0:56:10 I’m sure you’ve heard that a million times, but it’s got to be real deep breathing
    0:56:14 You know where you really feel your belly and your diaphragm filling up
    0:56:18 but for me what I also do is I
    0:56:23 Usually think to myself and I do this especially when I’m speaking to an audience that I find more
    0:56:28 Intimidating, you know like a group of finance people at an investment bank or something
    0:56:31 I will say to myself there
    0:56:36 I am sure is one person in this audience who has a child who is shy or introverted and
    0:56:44 If that child has a better life because of one tidbit that that person hears today, then it’s all good
    0:56:46 And that pulls me out of myself
    0:56:47 instantly
    0:56:50 Yeah, it gives you also a hurdle that you can clear
    0:56:54 For winning the presentations that speak
    0:57:01 Right, it’s a manageable goal, but I think it’s it feels deeper than that to me. It feels also like I
    0:57:03 Think when people get nervous about speaking
    0:57:06 Obviously, they’re really nervous about being judged, right?
    0:57:12 But this completely shifts the energy where it’s not any longer about how anybody judges me
    0:57:14 It’s about
    0:57:20 Can I help that kid out there? I want to say also that part of the reason I am
    0:57:22 more than happy
    0:57:28 Actually excited to spend so much time talking about this is that it is not specific to public speaking, right?
    0:57:31 This just happens to be a very common
    0:57:37 Fear and perceived weakness of many many many people. Yeah, so yeah as a side note
    0:57:41 What Warren Buffett says is his greatest ever investment?
    0:57:46 Put more specifically a Dale Carnegie course that he took in public speaking, right?
    0:57:53 Because it magnified his ability to do almost everything else to make it effectively both in spoken word
    0:57:59 But also in the written word in some respects. Yeah, I’ve never I don’t think I’ve ever I’ve ever spoken about this
    0:58:01 but I also did Toastmasters and
    0:58:08 If you have trouble finding it oftentimes there are large companies that will have within
    0:58:12 their HQ or any large
    0:58:18 Location their own Toastmasters group and that’s actually how I found it in San Jose initially was at Adobe
    0:58:21 so I would go in and I would do this Toastmasters and
    0:58:26 your description of having this very logical progression of
    0:58:30 Small wins layered upon small wins getting up on stage and then getting off stage
    0:58:35 I’m getting up on stage having two people next to you and answering a few questions and getting off stage is
    0:58:37 so
    0:58:39 incredibly effective and
    0:58:46 I’m laughing right now because I remember when I was preparing for my first
    0:58:50 Presentation at South by Southwest. So this is a very large
    0:58:56 Festival and conference in Austin, Texas and the timing was 2007
    0:59:02 It’s about I want to say a month month and a half before my book is going to come out my first book
    0:59:04 Which I’m very nervous about
    0:59:09 There had been no speaking slots, but I had pitched Hugh Forrest at the time
    0:59:16 Who I’d been introduced to that I would take anything available corner of a room hallway
    0:59:21 If there are any cancellations, I would really appreciate that the opportunity
    0:59:27 To speak at the event and lo and behold there was a last-minute cancellation not by a keynote speaker
    0:59:33 But by a sponsor who is going to have a stage to pitch their products from and in this makeshift cafe
    0:59:38 And I was like I’m in I’m in but I was so incredibly nervous about this
    0:59:43 That in the beginning in particular, I was and this is true today
    0:59:50 Too nervous to practice my rough rough draft of the presentation in front of people. Yeah
    0:59:54 I guess and so what I did I was staying in a guest bedroom at a friend’s house
    0:59:58 he had three Chihuahuas and I went outside as playing the Chihuahuas and
    1:00:01 They followed me into the garage. I was I practiced in the garage
    1:00:05 I didn’t want to practice in the house where my friend’s wife was and
    1:00:07 I gave my presentation
    1:00:14 I felt reasonably confident about the content, but I wasn’t comfortable with any of the performance aspects of trying to keep attention
    1:00:23 So I gave my draft of this talk over and over again until I could get the dogs to sit and stare at me
    1:00:28 Somewhat bewildered but to hold their attention. That was the litmus test for me
    1:00:34 Wow to graduate to giving a rough draft in front of humans for those people out there
    1:00:40 Who are wondering whether this all comes naturally to me. It does not at all
    1:00:45 Have you talked about that before or is this the first time? I don’t think I don’t think I’ve talked about that
    1:00:49 certainly I don’t think I’ve talked about it on the podcast and
    1:00:56 For the Ted talk also something I did which I did not do for the South by talk, which I thought
    1:01:03 Really made a difference was I practiced giving the talk in front of small groups of strangers
    1:01:09 Once I had a reasonably polished version and I asked friends of mine who worked at larger companies who had teams
    1:01:14 during lunch hour if there was if there happened to be an empty conference room could they
    1:01:19 Invite people to hear a rough draft of a Ted talk and then I would ask them for feedback
    1:01:23 And usually there was enough time that I could give it two or three times so I could actually incorporate their feedback
    1:01:28 Give another version and once I’d given the second version
    1:01:34 There are a lot more people in the room who are willing to be critical the first round you get one or two
    1:01:36 yes, that’s so true and
    1:01:41 This is just something I’ve thought about a lot because I’ve been so nervous about public speaking for so long
    1:01:44 And it by the way doesn’t really go away like I at least for me
    1:01:45 I still have those nerves
    1:01:50 But with Ted very specifically I assumed and this came from sports
    1:01:54 But I’d never applied it that I was going to be my heart rate was probably going to be 30
    1:01:57 beats per minute higher than normal and
    1:02:03 That it was not just important for me to practice the content but to practice under
    1:02:08 The physiological stress that I would probably experience when trying to deliver the content
    1:02:13 So I would do a bunch of push-ups in another room and drink
    1:02:21 To double espressos and wait for it to hit and then go in and give my dress rehearsal to see if I could handle that stimulation
    1:02:24 that was so so smart and
    1:02:32 You know listening to that story is reminding me of this crucial step that I left out in a lot of ways a kind of
    1:02:35 Mistake that I made which is you know, I told you I worked with that guy
    1:02:41 Jim for a week who’s amazing and I thought I was pretty well ready at that point so I
    1:02:49 Talked to my friend Adam Grant who’s a very dear friend very good speaker to and a really good speaker and who also started out as a
    1:02:53 Very nervous and by his description a terrible public speaker
    1:02:56 He says he used to get like terrible reviews from his students
    1:03:00 And he just worked and worked and work at it and now he’s the most popular professor at Wharton
    1:03:05 But okay, so I was talking to Adam about all this and so he said
    1:03:08 So I’m leaving for Ted on Sunday morning right to fly out to California
    1:03:13 Which is where it was at that time and he says oh, I’m gonna pull together a group of friends
    1:03:15 And you can practice your talk in front of them
    1:03:18 And so this is Friday night and I’m leaving Sunday morning
    1:03:24 And so I show up at this apartment full of Adam and his friends and I think that I’m pretty well done with the talk and
    1:03:31 This is the first time that I’m giving it in front of any kind of group because I didn’t have the foresight of what you just described and
    1:03:34 Not only was I so nervous
    1:03:38 But I realized from the feedback that a lot of the content was all wrong
    1:03:44 And it’s Friday night and I’m leaving you know like the next day basically or the day after the next day
    1:03:46 so I
    1:03:49 Went home and I just spent the whole entire night
    1:03:56 Rewriting the whole final third of the talk and then I’m like on the plane going out to Ted trying to memorize the new talk
    1:03:58 I don’t recommend
    1:04:00 kind of approach
    1:04:03 But you need to get real people in front of you
    1:04:11 This is just like entrepreneurship and people who try to get the product perfect before exposing it to any perspective clients like you really need
    1:04:14 to get into
    1:04:21 The messy reality of what a live audience or a real customer looks like and the same was true for me
    1:04:28 I made a lot of changes in the last few days, which I thought we’re just gonna be fine-tuned right and then you and I was like
    1:04:31 Oh, actually, I really need to completely change by 30% of this
    1:04:33 yeah, and
    1:04:38 I was very very nervous before the Ted talk and I came off stage and I did not think that I
    1:04:42 I didn’t think that I blew it, but I didn’t think that I did a great job
    1:04:46 I came off stage thinking that there were definitely bits and pieces. I could have done better
    1:04:53 But seems to have worked out. Okay, wait, but I want to come back to one thing that you said for the benefit of people who are listening now
    1:04:56 so you said
    1:04:58 That you still are really nervous when you give a talk
    1:05:05 But are you really as nervous as you used to be because I I really want people to understand that you can get to a point
    1:05:08 You might still have butterflies. It’s not like the nerves completely
    1:05:14 Disappear, but they get to in my experience and from all the literature that I’ve studied on this
    1:05:19 They really do get to a point where you can manage them and the difference between manageable and non manageable
    1:05:23 Is gigantic in terms of its effect on your life and your career and everything
    1:05:30 So I just want to make sure yeah, I can clarify. So it depends a lot on the event
    1:05:33 Right, so if it’s
    1:05:36 We’re going to do a q&a and it’s a friend of mine interviewing me on stage
    1:05:41 That’s not from my perspective really public speaking. I mean it is but at this point
    1:05:46 I could do that with zero preparation if it’s anything resembling
    1:05:54 A keynote if it is tim on stage talking to an audience and they expect something that has been well rehearsed
    1:06:00 My physiological response is still very strong. I get really sweaty hands
    1:06:06 I pace I have very minimal contact with anyone beforehand
    1:06:09 But let me mention a few things number one
    1:06:11 and
    1:06:12 both
    1:06:14 Mike Tyson
    1:06:18 And dean martin used to vomit before nearly every performance
    1:06:23 But the way that they psychologically contended with that
    1:06:25 Evolved over time
    1:06:32 And since I mentioned mike tyson customado who was the trainer who really in a lot of respects. I think boxing
    1:06:38 Scholars or boxing fans would agree made tyson into what tyson was at his prime
    1:06:44 As an athlete used to say something along the following that the hero and the coward feel the same thing
    1:06:52 It’s how they respond. Yes. Oh, I so believe that yeah, and I mean there is no courage without the presence of fear
    1:07:00 And for me, I have come to see those physiological symptoms that used to make me panic
    1:07:06 That used to make me feel like I was doing something wrong that used to make me feel like I was unprepared
    1:07:09 As simple precursors to a performance
    1:07:12 The way that I frame them for myself
    1:07:17 Is completely different and I’ve learned to view it as this
    1:07:20 energetic asset
    1:07:25 That I can use yeah, and that has made all the difference
    1:07:30 It has decreased in some circumstances, but certainly before ted. I mean I had given hundreds
    1:07:33 of different presentations and
    1:07:36 It was like I was getting on stage for the first time
    1:07:38 In part also for people who don’t know
    1:07:43 They are very as they should be strict about
    1:07:46 Many things at ted including running over. Oh, yes
    1:07:50 If running over I mean then I want to say and this is exactly what they should say
    1:07:55 But in effect they say if you run over by you should not run over number one
    1:07:59 Do not run over if you run over if you get to the point where you’re like 30 seconds over
    1:08:01 We will come up and remove you from stage
    1:08:07 And while I’m preparing and while I’m rehearsing one of the things that made me most stressed out is that
    1:08:10 My finish times were really variable
    1:08:15 And I would say like 30 40 percent of the time I ran over then other times
    1:08:21 I would run two minutes under but miss something really really important. Yeah, because I was rushing and I was like good
    1:08:28 God, this is just a crapshoot like I am at the craps table with my timing and that
    1:08:32 Really was a concern for me. So that was another element
    1:08:39 That made ted unique for me was that degree of cutoff
    1:08:43 Yeah, I felt that way too and I did end up going over by over a minute
    1:08:48 Ah, good for you. And there it is. And there we’re just like we cannot stop this performance
    1:08:51 I don’t know about that but
    1:08:55 But I want to say also for anybody who is listening and who
    1:09:00 Is right now in the grip of this kind of fear and isn’t sure whether they can really get past it
    1:09:04 Um, also like what is waiting for you on the other side of it is so
    1:09:09 Gigantic because there’s just there’s something weird about public speaking where
    1:09:13 It has such disproportionate value to
    1:09:18 In a way what you’re investing in it, you know, like you’re going up on stage for 18 minutes or 40 minutes or whatever
    1:09:23 Or or maybe within your own workplace, you know, even giving a two minute talk
    1:09:28 Suddenly everybody is regarding you as a leader and as
    1:09:35 Someone who they can turn to in a new way from if you hadn’t been willing to put yourself forward in that way
    1:09:37 Definitely. I mean, there’s there’s public speaking as
    1:09:43 The force multiplier for the value of your other skills, which is absolutely true
    1:09:51 And then public speaking in a way is also a wonderful diagnostic tool and what I mean by that is I remember talking to
    1:09:55 a friend of mine who
    1:09:58 he’s a wealth manager for a lot of
    1:10:02 buckety mucks who you would recognize and
    1:10:05 He said I know them
    1:10:11 Generally better than therapists. They’ve been seeing for a decade within the first few hours because
    1:10:14 Money brings up everything
    1:10:16 Talking about money. It brings up
    1:10:19 The full spectrum of someone’s
    1:10:21 insecurities fears desires
    1:10:23 neuroses
    1:10:25 sex also true
    1:10:32 And public speaking, I think if it makes you remotely nervous when you start to learn public speaking like it at least for me
    1:10:36 It kind of brings up all your stuff. So if you were simply interested in
    1:10:38 personal growth
    1:10:42 it brings to the surface many different pieces of your
    1:10:47 Personality and psyche that you can then work on in a way that transfers to other areas
    1:10:54 So that to me with my experience and I find really interesting. It’s okay. Well, maybe you don’t have to play
    1:10:56 can hide and go seek
    1:11:03 with talk therapy for 20 years to find all of the bits and pieces when if rather than following these different gingerbread trails
    1:11:06 you can use certain
    1:11:08 fearful circumstances
    1:11:10 To just bring it all right
    1:11:14 Or a lot of it to the surface. That was my experience. I’m not saying it’s true for everybody
    1:11:19 But it was one of those things like talking about money talking about sex or public speaking
    1:11:21 It’s like, okay. Now we just bring everything to the forefront
    1:11:27 So for me that was also uh, even if I had not had any interest in getting on stage and giving presentations
    1:11:31 Yeah, it would have been valuable. Yeah in and of itself. Yeah, no that makes complete sense
    1:11:36 Are there other things that you’re fearful of or have been afraid of that you’ve overcome?
    1:11:39 No, I mean that was really the big one for me
    1:11:47 But yeah, we were talking about this before I guess, you know, my bug-a-boo in general is that I just tend to be a worrier
    1:11:48 So
    1:11:53 Other than the experiences I had with public speaking. It’s not like I have full on panic or anything like that
    1:11:55 It’s more like it’s a
    1:12:00 Very familiar companion for me. So I’ve had to just come up with various hacks around it
    1:12:02 What what are some of your hacks?
    1:12:05 This is going to get us into another big topic, but why not? Why not?
    1:12:12 So for example when I stopped practicing corporate law and I decided that I wanted to be a writer
    1:12:14 I told myself that
    1:12:18 It’s really hard to make a living as a writer and I said, okay
    1:12:21 The goal is to publish something by the time you’re 75
    1:12:27 And at the time I was 33 at the time that I said that and I kind of did that instinctively
    1:12:33 Because I was always doing these hacks of like just wanting to completely take the pressure off of something that I otherwise
    1:12:37 Loved so deeply and like I just knew that if I
    1:12:40 Turned this thing that I deeply loved into
    1:12:45 A source of like this has to be the place where I make my living
    1:12:49 This has to be the place where I derive some kind of professional stature
    1:12:52 It was going to soak a lot of the joy out of it
    1:12:59 And so that’s the kind of hack that I just naturally do on a very related note
    1:13:05 Could you give us a little bit of context around the leaving law like why you left law?
    1:13:07 and then
    1:13:09 You decide you want to be a writer
    1:13:16 And you kind of alluded to it, but does that mean that suddenly your rent is dependent on writing?
    1:13:20 Right. Okay. So I had wanted to be a writer from the time I was four
    1:13:25 And then for a whole bunch of reasons and like so many people
    1:13:30 I took some creative writing classes in college and I decided, you know, I’m not actually that good at this
    1:13:36 And I need to make a living and I also kind of had a desire I think to show myself that I could be
    1:13:40 Out there as a kind of alpha person out in the world of finance or something
    1:13:46 So I went to law school and I practiced law while street law for almost a decade
    1:13:49 And during that time that I was practicing law
    1:13:55 It was so all-consuming that I completely forgot about the fact that I had wanted to be a writer
    1:13:59 It wasn’t like, you know, I was walking around conscious of this broken dream or something
    1:14:05 I’d completely forgotten and the first few years of practicing law. I really loved it
    1:14:09 It was just this kind of crazy adventure that I was on and as the years went by
    1:14:13 It started to get really tough for me. You know, I’m not
    1:14:16 A very natural lawyer in a million different ways
    1:14:19 But I was on this partner track and I was committed to it
    1:14:24 And then came the day and I think I may have told you about this in earlier correspondence
    1:14:29 but then came the day when a senior partner in my firm walked in and said
    1:14:34 I was supposed to be up for partner that year and he said, well, we’re not going to be putting you up and
    1:14:40 Funny thing is to this day. I don’t really know if he meant we’re not putting you up ever for partner or
    1:14:44 Just not anytime soon. I don’t really know what it meant. All I knew was like
    1:14:48 Number one, I burst into tears and number two
    1:14:54 Here was my get out of jail free card. So three hours later. I had left the firm
    1:14:58 Like I was gone. I took a leave of absence and I just started
    1:15:01 Bicycling around central park. Like I didn’t know what I was going to do next
    1:15:05 But as soon as that space opened up
    1:15:08 That I now had free time for the first time in like 10 years
    1:15:14 I started writing and I had no idea that was going to happen. It was almost like in a movie
    1:15:17 That’s cool. Yeah, it’s I’ve just been waiting for you
    1:15:23 Yeah, I mean literally I like I remember that night, you know, like kind of curled up on my sofa in my apartment
    1:15:27 And I just started writing on my laptop and and then a week later
    1:15:30 I signed up for a class in creative nonfiction at nyu
    1:15:32 and
    1:15:36 I just had this complete feeling of certainty that this was what I wanted to be doing
    1:15:39 And zero expectation that I would make a living out of it
    1:15:41 So and this this is a really important thing
    1:15:45 I think I think if you have that kind of a creative dream and a creative love
    1:15:51 You have to do everything you can not to spoil it with the pressures of paying the rent and all those other things
    1:15:55 Or the pressures of needing to derive professional status from it
    1:16:00 So I set up a little side business teaching people negotiation skills
    1:16:02 And that was how I was paying the rent
    1:16:10 But the thing I was really doing in my heart was this beloved hobby of writing. This is super super super super super important
    1:16:11 and
    1:16:12 there are
    1:16:18 I think it’s true in creative fields, which is pretty much every field but just for the sake of illustration
    1:16:20 writing music etc that
    1:16:27 Also in entrepreneurship you hear these stories of desperation where a necessity is the mother of invention
    1:16:29 and
    1:16:31 You know but a bing but a boom
    1:16:34 Magic wand and then there’s a billion dollar company or there’s
    1:16:42 J.K. Rowling or whatever it is, but those are in my experience the outliers at those they make for great
    1:16:44 cover stories and magazines
    1:16:46 but the fact of the matter is that
    1:16:52 From what I’ve seen certainly with the guests on this podcast is that for instance, so Minccianani who has
    1:16:57 a number of mega successful novels, but he had a
    1:17:02 SAT prep counseling service that he offered
    1:17:09 Well past the point that his first book was successful because he wanted to always feel like he had a safety net
    1:17:13 So that the writing would not be tainted or even subconsciously
    1:17:16 influenced to match the market or
    1:17:20 Whatever the the lens might be come by this pressure
    1:17:26 Yeah, and that is something that whenever possible has come up as a really valuable
    1:17:32 I suppose on one hand financial sort of survival mechanism, but even more so as psychological
    1:17:39 Through a freeing device. Yeah. Yeah, and you know, I think we’re so addicted to having a really glamorous narrative for things
    1:17:43 and the glamorous narrative is you know, you you had so much courage you
    1:17:49 Took the risk, you know, you you were dependent on this company or this book or whatever and if it didn’t work
    1:17:50 It was going to be a disaster
    1:17:54 But you know you you were the one who beat the odds like we love that narrative
    1:17:57 And for most people that’s a really bankrupt narrative
    1:18:01 And there’s a kind of deeper glamour actually in the kind of story that you just told
    1:18:09 Because the glamour comes from you’re you’re doing everything that you can to deeply protect the thing that you love most
    1:18:11 definitely
    1:18:16 Now the book itself people may not know backstory. I’m sure a lot of people don’t
    1:18:19 How long did it take?
    1:18:20 to
    1:18:22 Get that book done
    1:18:27 Okay, so i’m laughing because it took a really really long time, especially by tim ferris standards
    1:18:34 I like I listen to you and like look at your life trajectory. I’m like, how does he do that? But
    1:18:37 Lots of cheating with format is the short answer
    1:18:40 But I don’t want to take a self-track
    1:18:42 so
    1:18:46 Yeah, it took from start to finish. It was about seven years
    1:18:49 I will say in my defense that during those seven years
    1:18:52 I also had two children and was raising them
    1:18:57 So that was part of it. But I also just think i’m kind of a slow writer
    1:19:01 like I like to really really think about everything super deeply and
    1:19:04 What I think is probably people might not know
    1:19:09 I had a deadline as all writers do and I turned in some sort of draft upon
    1:19:13 My deadline coming to you, you know after 18 months or two years
    1:19:18 And my editor basically read it and said this is terrible
    1:19:22 And she said, you know go back and completely throw that out
    1:19:25 Start from scratch and take all the time that you need
    1:19:29 And you might think that when that happened that I would have been really bummed
    1:19:31 But I was actually elated
    1:19:37 Because I knew that it was terrible and I knew that I needed much more time and I had no idea what I was doing
    1:19:39 I’d never written anything before
    1:19:44 So yeah, I was just really happy to have that time and it’s actually really unusual
    1:19:47 Like usually in publishing they had given me a big advance for the book and usually
    1:19:51 They want their advance back and they’re not willing to delay like that
    1:19:58 So that was very understanding editor. Yeah, she’s brilliant and I’m working with her again on my next book
    1:20:04 It’s also smart in the sense that a mediocre book is more of a liability than no book at all
    1:20:07 Yes, yeah for everyone involved for everyone involved
    1:20:13 Yeah, and because you know, I have this philosophy about writing that it’s the deep love that has to be protected at all costs
    1:20:18 Because of that, I don’t care how much time it takes, you know, like I’m just
    1:20:20 Interested in doing it as well as I can what is your
    1:20:25 Writing process at this point look like you had your experience
    1:20:32 With that book and now when you are writing do you have a daily practice? Does it go through phases of?
    1:20:36 research period then organizing
    1:20:39 then putting all of that into
    1:20:46 Pros through synthesis. What are your writing routines or how do you think about writing these days? So for me? I take
    1:20:53 Whatever thesis I’m working with and then I spend a year or two just walking around the world
    1:20:55 Looking at everything through the lens of that thesis, you know
    1:20:58 So it used to be introverts and now it’s onto a new topic
    1:21:04 And I’m taking crazy notes through that period. You know, so every conversation that I have every book I read
    1:21:08 It’s all going in. How do you take and organize your notes? Do you do it?
    1:21:11 Notebooks, do you do it?
    1:21:14 Digitally, what are the the end of this is nerdy, but no, it’s not
    1:21:20 I’m into it because a lot of writers do it differently. The reason I’m laughing is I’m thinking
    1:21:24 When you hear my answer, you’re going to know that I need a consultation with you for the next book
    1:21:27 I don’t do it in a super systemic way
    1:21:32 I basically all those conversations all those ideas and notes and thoughts I’m having I
    1:21:39 Stick them all into one word document and that document becomes about seven or 800 pages by the time I’m done
    1:21:45 And then I go through that document and I’m kind of tagging as I go along and then I’m separating everything out by topic
    1:21:50 So I end up with like eight or nine loose leaf binders that are organized by topic
    1:21:55 But in each of those binders, it’s just like one big one big massive notes
    1:22:01 And then I think about where do I want everything whenever I’m emotionally moved by one of the ideas that I’m taking notes on
    1:22:06 I try to write out the riff around that idea right then and there because
    1:22:10 You don’t know if that emotion is going to come back. So you have to capture it when it happens
    1:22:15 I think it’s a perfectly fine system. Uh, so you feel like technology must have come up with something better
    1:22:19 Like I do it in microsoft word. There are there are probably better tools
    1:22:24 Available, but I would say also that a lot of people confuse
    1:22:29 New tools for better content is very easy
    1:22:34 At least let’s speak for myself for a second when I’m writing I have to
    1:22:39 disallow myself from thinking about say marketing because marketing is
    1:22:44 Fun and exciting and to you easy for me
    1:22:48 Because I whatever had insomnia as a kid and watched too many infomercials or something in any case
    1:22:52 It’s a way to procrastinate doing the harder piece, which is
    1:22:56 The actual research and digging and pros. That’s the hard part for me
    1:22:58 Always has been but it’s the most important part
    1:23:03 and I think similarly a lot of folks can become consumed by
    1:23:08 upgrading their tools multiplying their tools versus just
    1:23:11 The words you got to put the words in
    1:23:13 And I have some questions about this word doc though
    1:23:18 So when you’re going through and adding things to the word doc and you come in and you’re tagging things
    1:23:23 So you can separate them and you mentioned binders. So you’re printing this stuff out and then separating them
    1:23:29 Does that mean that when you put in a new note in the word doc you go to a new page if it’s tagged differently
    1:23:33 So you can separate them more easily later. Does that make sense as opposed to
    1:23:38 Each time you add a note then hit return twice and then add a new note
    1:23:42 If they’re tagged differently, it would seem like you would have to cut up the page into multiple pieces
    1:23:46 So do you start a new page? Are there any particular ways that you?
    1:23:49 Tag for instance, would it be a chapter name?
    1:23:55 Or would it be a theme what would the tag look like a lot of questions a topic or a theme and
    1:23:58 Yeah, so every time I’m adding a new note
    1:24:00 If I know that it relates to something I’ve already done
    1:24:05 Then I’ll search for the thing I’ve already done so I can add it to that section to make it easier later
    1:24:06 That makes sense
    1:24:10 But you know sometimes I don’t or I can’t think of it and then I’ll just add it to the end of the document
    1:24:15 Which control f right word. Yeah. Yeah good to go. Yeah simple simple works
    1:24:21 Robert Rodriguez the filmmaker keeps a journal. I think he does puts it in almost every day at midnight and it’s
    1:24:28 Word doc Word docs. Yep. It works. Yeah. Yeah, I actually I will say I tried for this next book
    1:24:30 I spent a few days
    1:24:36 Reading the instructions for Scrivener one of these programs Scrivener’s and I just ended up thinking, you know, this isn’t for me
    1:24:38 It looks great
    1:24:41 Scrivener well some other time we can sit down
    1:24:48 That is one tool that if you set it up really simply and you don’t use 98 of the features
    1:24:51 I find really useful just because
    1:24:57 You can create a view by which you see all of your separate documents
    1:25:00 Or actually I should say rather you see your tentative
    1:25:03 table of contents on the left side
    1:25:08 In a vertical pane and then you can look at what you’re on the right hand side then I would have it set up so that I have
    1:25:14 Two split windows so the left hand side you see your table of contents and then there’s a research and then you have whatever research
    1:25:20 You want that way you can be working on a document in the upper right hand pane while you have your research
    1:25:25 That you’re wringing off of in the bottom right and if you decide to move docs around to see how it affects flow
    1:25:27 It’s just drag and drop. It’s actually quite wonderful
    1:25:32 They did have some issues with footnotes or maybe I was just too technically incompetent
    1:25:36 At one point when you then had to export when the publisher insists on say word
    1:25:42 Which maybe that’ll change at some point but getting a little geeked out but scrivener. Have you scrivener for
    1:25:46 Almost all of my books. There may be one exception
    1:25:49 I think for our chef because of how visually intensive it was
    1:25:55 Was done outside of that and in terms of routine or ritual you spend a year
    1:26:01 Gathering these notes. So then you have your maybe more. So yeah or more. So you have 700 to 800 pages
    1:26:07 It’s a big word doc. Yeah, and then what happens. Yeah, so then I spend the time sorting them out
    1:26:13 So I get to the point where I’ve got my eight or nine loose leaf binders that are more or less organized by what the chapters are
    1:26:19 Going to be. Yeah, and then comes the time to write during which I’m still doing more research, but I’m starting to write
    1:26:21 for me
    1:26:23 the writing like the
    1:26:28 Sitting down with my laptop and thinking about it all that’s like I want to say it’s my happy place
    1:26:33 But that’s not really the best description. It feels like it’s this place that I go
    1:26:37 Deep in my mind and I really love being there
    1:26:42 And it’s like no matter what happens to be going on in my outside life
    1:26:48 I always have those few hours a day where I’m going to a cafe or a library or whatever
    1:26:52 and I’m sitting with my laptop and my cappuccino and
    1:26:56 I’m just doing it like I’m stressing the emotional aspect because
    1:27:00 That’s so huge for me and I feel like I train myself
    1:27:05 To associate writing with all of these pleasures of you know sitting around in cafes and things like that
    1:27:08 Do you have a consistent time?
    1:27:13 When you sit down with your cappuccino and do this. Are you a morning writer or are you a
    1:27:17 Catch-us-catch-can writer? Are you an evening writer? I mean you also
    1:27:19 Have kids. I mean you have other obligations
    1:27:24 So when do you tend to do your writing or do your best writing? You can answer it however you like
    1:27:27 Well, I mean there’s what I do and there’s what would be ideal
    1:27:32 But as you say I have kids so my routine is that I drop my kids off at school
    1:27:33 That’s at around eight
    1:27:39 Then I go and I either play tennis or do yoga every day and then after that I do my writing
    1:27:45 And that’s a pretty good time for me. But what time of day would that typically end up being?
    1:27:49 Yeah, that probably ends up being around 10 or so that i’m starting
    1:27:53 Yeah, but if I had no other obligations
    1:27:58 The best times of day would be more like either seven in the morning and also super late at night
    1:28:01 So two time periods that I have no access to for this stage of life
    1:28:07 And you start writing this is really I’m interesting to me. Hopefully interesting and other people
    1:28:09 To start let’s say around 10
    1:28:16 Do you break for lunch? Do you skip lunch? Do you have a standard type of lunch that you would have?
    1:28:19 And the reason I ask is that I think part of the reason
    1:28:26 So many writers seem to work between the hours of say just make this up but 10 p.m
    1:28:29 and
    1:28:33 7 30 a.m. And they tend to either be night owls like me
    1:28:39 Or early risers is that there are fewer distractions and they get a relatively uninterrupted block
    1:28:43 Of three to five hours. But if you’re starting at 10
    1:28:47 Then most people that have lunch scheduled
    1:28:54 Shortly thereafter like two hours later. Right. So do you break for lunch? Do you have something really small?
    1:28:55 How do you handle that?
    1:28:59 Because for me just speaking personally, it’s like if I might have time
    1:29:01 Of course, I have time for a five minute phone call
    1:29:04 but if I do a five minute phone call about something very
    1:29:07 mechanical or mundane like
    1:29:10 Calendaring stuff or whatever and I’m juggling
    1:29:13 15 pieces that were on paper in my head
    1:29:17 I kind of have to start over a lot of times like I drop all those balls
    1:29:22 I’m juggling right right right because of the task switching. So I’d love to hear not that that’s true for everybody
    1:29:26 But it’s true for me. What is your schedule look like then once you sit down?
    1:29:31 I’ll just kind of go until I realize that I’m not concentrating well anymore and
    1:29:36 Very often that happens after two or three hours and I just have to take a break
    1:29:39 I have a lot of discipline if my brain would cooperate
    1:29:43 So I would happily sit there for seven hours until my kids come home from school
    1:29:46 But at a certain point I’ll notice that it’s just not coming anymore
    1:29:49 And so then I’ll take a break and I’ll eat or something like that
    1:29:52 But you know, I would say like you were mentioning
    1:29:58 Well, people might work at night because it’s when you get uninterrupted time and I think that that’s one factor
    1:29:59 but
    1:30:02 I also think the reason that those hours tend to be so good
    1:30:07 So nighttime is when your cortisol levels are really low, you know, which of course is your stress hormone
    1:30:10 and so I noticed this in myself all the time that
    1:30:17 The ideas that I come up with late at night are different from the daytime ideas because they’re completely
    1:30:20 unfettered by any stress
    1:30:25 And so I’ll just I don’t know. I just make different kinds of associative leaps and there’s
    1:30:30 There’s like a softness and an ease in my thinking and my feeling about the ideas
    1:30:34 So I think that’s one advantage of late night writing and then in the morning
    1:30:40 You’ve got the high cortisol, but you also have the sort of acute attention. Yeah, I can totally see that
    1:30:45 I can definitely see that I also find that writing late at night if I’m writing it too in the morning
    1:30:52 It’s very hard for me. I remember I want to say it was ein rand who wrote a she had a book about the craft of nonfiction
    1:30:54 And there was some
    1:30:57 It wasn’t a metaphor. I think it was a real world example
    1:31:01 But in effect she’s saying writers many writers will do almost anything to not write
    1:31:07 And there’s the story about the white tennis shoes like I have to clean my white tennis shoes before
    1:31:11 Before I’m going to write because I’m going to go out and when it’s two or three in the morning
    1:31:16 Like I have to check email to make sure x is just not a viable excuse
    1:31:23 So it also just removes a lot of bullshit distraction that I would impose on myself to avoid doing
    1:31:25 What it is that I find hard
    1:31:29 I so relate to this like when so when I was writing quiet. I suddenly
    1:31:35 developed this idea that I had to learn everything in the world about digital photography
    1:31:40 Like and I was reading all these books about it and the rule of thirds and all this stuff
    1:31:44 And I have never had any interest in photography before or since
    1:31:50 It was just these two weeks of mania where I didn’t want to have to be looking at that manuscript over there
    1:31:57 Are there any particular I mean you are student of the craft, right? You’ve taken creative nonfiction courses
    1:32:02 Are there any particular books or resources or?
    1:32:05 writers who have had
    1:32:09 A significant impact on how you view or practice writing
    1:32:12 Oh, gosh. I’m sure the answer is yes
    1:32:17 I can try to buy some time if helpful draft number four by john mcfee
    1:32:23 I think is is really I was very fortunate to spend time with him when I was an undergrad in college because he was teaching a
    1:32:27 Yeah, but that’s where I took my creative writing classes. Yeah, so the structure
    1:32:34 thinking about structure in the way that mcfee thinks about structure saved me because I
    1:32:41 Thrive with some type of predetermined blueprint for structure. It’s very hard for me to
    1:32:44 Just freehand flow of consciousness
    1:32:51 Let things take some emergent form. It’s very hard. I do know friends who do that really really well that terrifies me
    1:32:56 So I need the scaffolding right bird by bird by and oh, I love that book
    1:33:00 That’s a good book bird by bird for people who don’t know the book
    1:33:05 I will say just before getting into a short description has
    1:33:11 Saved at least a half a dozen friends of mine from the precipice
    1:33:15 meaning they were at the point of throwing in the towel and just
    1:33:21 Quitting their books and they were all writers in this case. They were at the point where they’re like, I’m done. I can’t do this
    1:33:25 It’s too stressful. I don’t like this. I don’t want to do this. It’s going to be terrible
    1:33:29 and they were going to in some cases return their advances and just walk and
    1:33:33 I want to say at least half of them
    1:33:35 read this book
    1:33:38 Went on to finish their books and their books went on to become New York Times bestsellers
    1:33:41 So talk about an important window
    1:33:46 for making a decision and the gist of the book the title I should say comes first from
    1:33:49 I think it was her brother
    1:33:54 Ann’s brother and lamada is a writer and her brother had this experience where he’d had something like an entire
    1:33:56 semester in
    1:34:00 I’m making this up. But let’s just call it fourth grade to prepare for
    1:34:03 this end of semester project
    1:34:07 And he was supposed to put together a term paper on birds or something like that
    1:34:10 And it was like the night before he hadn’t done any preparation
    1:34:15 And this poor kid who granted kind of deserves it because he didn’t do any prep
    1:34:21 But nonetheless is having this like nervous breakdown at the kitchen table with like 15 books about birds and he just is paralyzed
    1:34:24 And I want to say it was ann’s
    1:34:29 Dad who came over and like put an arm on his shoulder and said just take it bird by bird buddy bird by bird
    1:34:32 Something like that
    1:34:34 And it’s sort of a psychological
    1:34:39 life raft break glass in case of emergency kit for writers
    1:34:43 Who are just hitting that point like maybe you did with the photography were just like
    1:34:49 I want to do anything other than look at that screen or that page. I just I can’t handle it
    1:34:51 And I don’t know what to do
    1:34:56 So for that reason not necessarily for the nuts and bolts of the writing process itself
    1:35:00 But for the psychological component, it’s like if you had a if you were a top athletic coach
    1:35:04 And you had your sport specific technical coach and then you had a mental
    1:35:11 Like toughness coach who also doubled as a shrink like the mental toughness coach who doubles as a shrink is the bird by bird
    1:35:15 Yeah, I’m remembering. She also talks about shitty first drafts. Yes
    1:35:20 And just those three words are incredibly helpful because you know when you’re looking at your draft
    1:35:25 And it is always really shitty at the beginning and so just knowing. Okay. That’s what it’s supposed to be
    1:35:29 Yeah, but yeah, you know the other thing that’s been really helpful to me
    1:35:33 So I told you I started taking that creative nonfiction class at NYU
    1:35:37 And all of us who took that class got along really well
    1:35:42 So we formed a writers group after the class was officially done and we stayed together for years
    1:35:47 And we would meet once every week every two weeks and read each other’s stuff
    1:35:52 And especially at that stage that really really helped, you know getting the feedback
    1:35:58 But also having the kind of camaraderie and support system and in fact totally isolated
    1:36:04 Not feeling isolated and I actually met my literary agent from one of the people who was in that group
    1:36:09 Who was a publishing lawyer and I said, you know, I have this idea for this book about introverts
    1:36:15 Which at the time to me seemed like the most idiosyncratic project on earth, but she said
    1:36:17 When you’re ready, I know the right agent for that
    1:36:24 And that’s a really serendipitous thing when I put together the proposal for the book that became quiet
    1:36:29 I sent it out to that agent who she recommended and to four other
    1:36:33 Super amazing agents two of whom I had connections to and
    1:36:35 every single one of the other ones
    1:36:39 Past and some of them said, you know, I really like the writing
    1:36:43 But I think this topic is not commercial enough and I just don’t think it’ll sell
    1:36:45 So could you come back with a different topic?
    1:36:50 And my the guy who became my agent instantly saw what the potential was going to be
    1:36:54 And we’ve been together ever since and I feel like I owe him everything and I love him
    1:36:58 And his name is Richard Pine if you’re out there looking for an agent
    1:37:02 And I think about this story all the time not only because of book writing
    1:37:09 But because all these people these other agents these are experts and these are the culturally anointed gatekeepers
    1:37:11 and they know what they’re doing
    1:37:17 And yet they didn’t see this one particular thing and I think that that happens all the time. Totally. So
    1:37:22 No, I’m glad you shared that and I had a very similar experience. I reached out to I want to say it was four
    1:37:32 Agents who were introduced by a very successful author who I’d met something like seven years earlier by volunteering at a non-profit
    1:37:37 Which is a great way to meet people above your pay grade as a side note just like filling water glasses for panelists
    1:37:43 Works really well. So I had the right introduction the writing. I didn’t think my writing was
    1:37:46 Tolstoy or anything, but it was it was passable
    1:37:48 and
    1:37:50 complete rejection
    1:37:55 from three of the four this was the four hour work the four hour work week two of them were not were
    1:37:58 Pretty heavy-handed about it
    1:38:02 The one of the third july I remember named jillian manas a very good
    1:38:06 Agent and she passed but she gave me a lot of really helpful feedback
    1:38:10 She didn’t say this won’t work. She just said I don’t think
    1:38:12 This is the right fit for me, right
    1:38:18 And that that one fair enough, which is totally fair. Yeah, but like here’s a bunch of advice and one of the pieces of advice
    1:38:20 She gave me actually wow, I haven’t thought about this forever
    1:38:22 was
    1:38:26 Think of each I was intimidated by the prospect of writing a book. I never written a book before
    1:38:31 She said treat each chapter like a feature magazine article beginning middle and end
    1:38:38 Self-sufficient yeah each chapter can live on its own and I’ve followed that advice ever since yeah
    1:38:43 That’s great with nonfiction. Yeah, which makes it easier to write also because if you get stuck somewhere
    1:38:47 It’s not like you have to cross that bridge to get to a chapter
    1:38:52 That sequentially should show up three chapters later. You can treat it in a modular way, right?
    1:38:55 If you get really bogged down you can skip
    1:39:00 Which also in some cases like the rest of my books leads to a book that can being read
    1:39:02 non sequentially in any case
    1:39:08 So three out of four turn it down finally signed with my current agent Steven Hanselman
    1:39:13 Who I still work with to this day very similarly. Yeah, and
    1:39:18 He had just become an agent. Wow. He had just become an agent
    1:39:20 But part of what attracted me to him was that
    1:39:25 He had a long career as a very successful editor
    1:39:31 And was also just is just an eclectic guy went to divinity school plays in a jazz band
    1:39:34 I mean really like my kind of my kind of person. Yeah
    1:39:37 And then we went out to sell it
    1:39:44 And I always forget if it’s like 26 or 27, but nonetheless it was like somewhere between 26 and 28 publishers turn it down
    1:39:46 Really? Yes. Wow. And then the
    1:39:51 But you only need one that’s the thing. It’s like it’s not about how many people don’t get it. Yeah
    1:39:53 It’s about having the right
    1:39:56 person or people who do get it
    1:40:00 And I mean which is so clear with your book, right? It’s like you don’t need
    1:40:03 All the people in the world to think it’s a good idea
    1:40:09 You don’t need half the people in the world think it’s a good idea. You need the people who it resonates with
    1:40:14 To have it resonate. Yeah, that’s right. And it does not need to be does not need to be millions of people
    1:40:18 It could be but it doesn’t have to be and I had a note down also to just
    1:40:22 And we don’t have to necessarily spend a ton of time on this but just to clarify
    1:40:24 the
    1:40:28 Talk about introversion versus shyness. I came across this when I was doing
    1:40:31 A bit of homework
    1:40:33 Which is people think of say bill gates, right?
    1:40:39 It’s sort of maybe a one example of someone who could be useful and distinguishing between the two, but could you
    1:40:46 Clarify what an introvert is or how you define introvert. Yeah, how it might differ from from somebody who’s shy, right? Yeah
    1:40:49 introversion is really about
    1:40:57 The preference for lower stimulation environments and you can trace it to your neurobiologies
    1:41:01 Like introverts have nervous systems that react more to all the incoming stimuli
    1:41:06 And so that means that we’re kind of at our most alive and happiest and switched on
    1:41:11 When things are a little more chill around us, which is probably why when you’re in those group dinners
    1:41:15 You’re going to the restroom every so often because your nervous system wants to tone it down
    1:41:21 And extroverts have the opposite situation and the opposite liability and because for an extrovert
    1:41:25 You’ve got a nervous system that’s reacting less to stimulation and that means
    1:41:31 When you’re in an environment that you find too quiet you start to get really listless and checked out
    1:41:33 So that’s the liability there
    1:41:39 Shyness and I always feel like my work has to do with both introversion and shyness by the way
    1:41:42 But shyness is much more about the fear of social judgment
    1:41:49 So you’ll know if you’re a shy person because when you encounter someone who has a neutral expression on their face
    1:41:54 You will have a tendency to read disapproval in there and to react really strongly to the disapproval
    1:41:58 You feel kind of really unhorsed by it and it can take different forms
    1:42:01 So it could be if you’re a public speaking or it could be
    1:42:06 A job interview or any kind of situation where you feel you might be evaluated
    1:42:13 So in reality lots of introverts do tend to be shy and vice versa, but not necessarily at all
    1:42:19 I don’t know Bill Gates personally, but my guess is that he’s an introvert but not especially shy and then
    1:42:22 somebody like an Eileen Fisher
    1:42:29 She’s got this wonderful and I think it’s been decades now. Um, super successful fashion brand
    1:42:32 She describes herself as a shy extrovert
    1:42:38 So like she really wants to be around people all the time. She wants to be connecting all the time
    1:42:43 You know, you talk to her she’s constantly like setting up this workshop and that program and you know
    1:42:47 You look at her life and she’s always surrounded by lots of people and things going on
    1:42:50 but she’s often feeling intense discomfort and
    1:42:57 Needing to work through that wild. Yeah, I would certainly describe myself as an introvert and
    1:43:02 I never knew quite how to frame it until
    1:43:05 Coming across your definition of preferring lower
    1:43:08 stimulation or
    1:43:13 Environments or environments with fewer stimuli except I’ve ever since I was a little kid been very sensitive
    1:43:16 I mean my sight is very sensitive, right?
    1:43:22 My hearing is very sensitive. Yeah, but I’m not shy in the sense that I don’t
    1:43:26 I want to engage and ask questions and interact
    1:43:35 But if the volume is turned up too much or there are too many speakers metaphorically or or physically I I have a lot of difficulty
    1:43:42 Parsing at all, but you don’t have like a shyness would be like, you know before you go into those group dinners
    1:43:48 Are you feeling a kind of social anxiety? No, right? Yeah, that’s the difference. Yeah. Yeah
    1:43:52 Yeah, there are so many questions that I want to explore
    1:43:56 But let’s uh because we have maybe 10 or 15 minutes more
    1:44:01 Let’s ask a few of the questions that I that I always like to ask sure
    1:44:05 Are there any books that you have given the most to others?
    1:44:09 As a gift or any books you’ve gifted often to other people
    1:44:11 I think that the book I’ve probably
    1:44:16 For the last few years been giving out the most is Waking Up by Sam Harris
    1:44:21 Which yeah, it’s fantastic. It’s such a fantastic book and it was really for me
    1:44:27 Completely life-changing. I think for probably the reasons it is for many people, which is
    1:44:35 I hadn’t really known much about meditation before reading it and because I think by my
    1:44:39 My nature. I’m sort of a cross between a skeptic and a mystic or something
    1:44:46 You know in the skeptical side of me and it it’s a pretty deep skeptical side
    1:44:51 It really needed somebody like Sam who’s such an extreme skeptic, right?
    1:44:55 You know and then who very conveniently spent like what 28 years of his life or something
    1:45:02 Investigating all these different spiritual tools and then reporting back on them. You know for me that was a narrator
    1:45:05 I could really I felt I could really rely on fantastic book
    1:45:12 You know, I just I have to I just think you’ll we were talking a bit about Sam before we started recording because
    1:45:17 We were both, you know, sort of fanboying and fangirling about these meditation app and
    1:45:21 Handful of other things, but I haven’t told you and I don’t know if I’ve even mentioned this
    1:45:25 Publicly about here we go. So the first time I met Sam
    1:45:29 This relates to Ted went to Ted for the first time as an attendee
    1:45:32 Which by the way was too much stimulation. So I never went back
    1:45:36 Interesting. Yeah, but I went to Ted for the first time as an attendee
    1:45:41 And I was invited to one of these group dinners, right? And so I go out to this group dinner
    1:45:47 And we’re eating dinner and off to the side on a separate
    1:45:52 Table, there’s this tray of brownies and I love brownies. It’s one of my weaknesses
    1:45:57 It is an Achilles heel and I have zero portion control and these brownies are large brownies
    1:46:00 And I sneak over kind of in between courses and I’m like, you know what?
    1:46:04 I’m going to skip one of the later courses and just substitute the brownies because I love brownies
    1:46:07 and so I eat two of these brownies and
    1:46:08 about
    1:46:13 20 minutes later, the host who I shall not name comes up to me and he goes, Tim, did you eat any of the brownies?
    1:46:16 I go, yeah, I had two of them and he goes, okay
    1:46:21 Everything’s going to be fine. And I’m like, wait, what? Everything is going to be fine. What the hell are you talking about?
    1:46:24 They were heavily dosed
    1:46:26 pod brownies
    1:46:33 And I am not a habitual pot user and so I suddenly in the middle of dinner
    1:46:41 Just get hit by this tsunami of cannabis and you combine that with my discomfort with high stimulation environments
    1:46:43 And I’m like, I need to get the hell out of here
    1:46:48 So I excuse myself to go to the restroom and by this point
    1:46:54 I’m already a huge fan of sam. Yeah, but I’ve never had any contact with them
    1:46:56 so I run off to the bathroom to escape
    1:46:57 and
    1:47:03 I open the door and literally like at the sink run straight into sam Harris in the men’s room and I’m like
    1:47:06 Sam Harris
    1:47:08 high off my rocker
    1:47:13 And that was my first and he looks at me kind of like he’s like, hi
    1:47:16 It’s kind of sideways because I’m just just beyond
    1:47:23 Reality at that point and that was my first meeting with sam. That’s hilarious. And did you tell him your brownie story?
    1:47:27 I did I did tell him which he appreciated because he does have some history with yes, he does
    1:47:33 Altered states, but yeah, no, I found that book and the subsequent meditation app
    1:47:38 And all of it incredibly helpful and fantastic the one piece of it that
    1:47:42 I’m kind of trying to explore separately because I feel like
    1:47:45 He looks at much less is the whole
    1:47:49 tradition of loving kindness meditation and all the meditations around that
    1:47:52 So that’s really really of interest to me
    1:47:56 So I’m sort of charting a different course there and I’ll tell you like even just last night
    1:48:01 I was interviewing on stage this guy. Heyman sunim. I don’t know if you’ve heard of him
    1:48:05 But he’s a a really renowned zen Buddhist monk from korea
    1:48:11 And his books are all number one bestsellers and korea and lots of other countries, but here he’s less well known
    1:48:15 But anyway, he has a new book out. So I was doing this interview and
    1:48:18 We’re up on stage so you can see the audience
    1:48:24 And it happens to be a pretty formal audience. So before we start the audience is kind of sitting there
    1:48:29 Kind of still in their seats and then he opens by doing a loving kindness meditation
    1:48:34 And it was so amazing to see the transformation on their faces
    1:48:38 And he did this for maybe one or two or three minutes like it wasn’t long
    1:48:43 Yeah, and you know, suddenly they’re totally smiling and they’re open and they’re happy
    1:48:46 It’s remarkable. Yeah, it’s remarkable. And I think it’s so
    1:48:53 Weird and dispiriting how in the mainstream media and in corporate life
    1:48:57 I mean, it’s great that there’s been this incredible embrace of mindfulness meditation
    1:49:02 But I think there’s a kind of allergy towards going too much in the loving kindness
    1:49:08 Direction. Um, and I spoke to Sharon Salzburg about this. Who’s one of the great teachers
    1:49:14 And she said that people have this sense that it must be phony like that you couldn’t possibly
    1:49:19 Actually have those feelings and so it kind of gives them a sort of creepy feeling to do it
    1:49:22 Totally, but I feel like that all needs to get
    1:49:25 completely rethought loving kindness the label I think
    1:49:28 Smells of kind of hand-wavy
    1:49:31 hippy
    1:49:37 Associations and therefore people veer away from it. Yeah, or if they have sensitivity to that stuff, which I
    1:49:39 Do and have for a very long time
    1:49:43 But so did mindfulness for many years
    1:49:47 Absolutely, you know, but that’s been recast but I mentioned that as a contrast to my
    1:49:53 Then subsequent experience with loving kindness meditation also called meta me tta meditation
    1:50:00 Which I was introduced to not first by jack cornfield. I did spend some time with him
    1:50:03 Who’s sort of of the same cohort as Sharon Salzburg?
    1:50:06 They’re close friends and Sharon’s been on the podcast
    1:50:10 But meng chad meng tan of google actually you started this
    1:50:14 Class within google called I think it’s search within yourself
    1:50:16 It was a course that included many tools including mindfulness
    1:50:21 And he has a book called joy on demand, which is fantastic. I thought it was a fantastic title
    1:50:23 I was like, I could use join demand. Let’s take a look at this
    1:50:28 And there’s a very short part in that book which ended up excerpting for I want to say
    1:50:32 tools of titans about loving kindness meditation
    1:50:39 And he tells the story of this woman who as an experiment guided or suggested by meng
    1:50:44 Did a one-minute loving kindness meditation on the hour every hour for one workday
    1:50:49 And she picked people who were walking about at the office or so and she came back and she said that is the
    1:50:54 Best day I’ve had at work in seven years. And I think part of that
    1:50:56 is at least for me
    1:50:58 That’s I am very
    1:51:05 Historically, I’ve been very trapped in my head. I’m very prefrontal. Yeah, and I come from a family of
    1:51:09 Warriors people who are warrior or warrior
    1:51:15 Warriors not not the not the battle axe type but the like larry david type
    1:51:17 Yeah, yeah for one of those two right and
    1:51:20 When you are consumed with
    1:51:23 worry or anxiety
    1:51:28 And this is not my description, but it’s been described to me as being trapped in the future
    1:51:32 Like depression is being trapped in the past anxiety or worrying is being trapped in the future
    1:51:35 And it’s also at least for me. It’s a focus on the self
    1:51:40 It’s like me me me it’s all things that might happen to me things that I should do
    1:51:46 And the loving kindness meditation which can be so short and have an impact
    1:51:53 Gets you unlike most types of mindfulness practice that are popular or becoming popular in the west
    1:51:56 It gets you out of yourself. Yeah, and
    1:52:03 I recall when I was writing tools of titans. I decided to take mangs advice and I did loving kindness for
    1:52:07 Literally two or three minutes every night
    1:52:12 I was at this hotel and they had a dry sauna and I go into the dry sauna really late because I was doing my writing
    1:52:14 Really late right and just do
    1:52:19 Two to three minutes of thinking about a friend and wishing them happiness and seeing them smiling and giving them a hug
    1:52:23 and having them smile back at me and wishing me the same and it was
    1:52:29 transformative as regards with regards to my mood. It was really just incredible. Yes
    1:52:37 Low dose really really low dose and I’m curious you mentioned that you were thinking about or meditating on loving kindness to your friend
    1:52:40 Did you also start with a traditional
    1:52:46 Practice of wishing it to yourself or is that less comfortable? This is a great question. So I did not
    1:52:48 It did not even occur to me
    1:52:50 to do this
    1:52:53 until years later when I
    1:52:56 went to my first
    1:53:02 Seven day might have been 10 day silent meditation retreat at spirit rock right and jack cornfield was there
    1:53:06 And I went in they check in with you to make sure you’re not having a total psychotic break
    1:53:11 For a few minutes every other day and I had this meeting with jack and one of his
    1:53:18 Co-teachers for the event and we were talking about loving kindness talking about loving kindness and as I was leaving
    1:53:21 The woman with jack said
    1:53:25 Just out of curiosity. Have you been doing any loving kindness for yourself and it struck?
    1:53:30 I don’t know how to describe this in a way that doesn’t make me look like an ass
    1:53:33 But it just struck me as such a silly question. I was like, no, of course
    1:53:35 I haven’t been doing it for myself and then I realized
    1:53:38 how much that
    1:53:43 Probably explained a lot of my problems and she goes. Yeah, you might want to try that. Why don’t you experiment with that?
    1:53:49 And I remember jack later saying, you know, and I’m paraphrasing but you know, if your compassion doesn’t include yourself
    1:53:54 Then it’s incomplete. Yeah, and that is and you can’t really give it to other people in a complete way either
    1:54:00 Right. So that has become probably I’m so glad you asked that one of the biggest changes in
    1:54:01 my
    1:54:10 I could call it a mindfulness practice, but my way of relating to the world and thinking about helping others has been actually taking time to
    1:54:19 Show or think on self compassion specifically for myself at a handful of younger ages. Yeah. Yeah, which I do at meal times
    1:54:21 and
    1:54:27 Might talk about that more at some point, but yeah, that’s that’s become really it’s become a very very very very important ritual for me
    1:54:32 But I don’t think you’re alone. I mean Sharon Salzburg mentioned to me that many
    1:54:38 People have trouble. I mean the traditional progression of the practice would be start with yourself and then, you know
    1:54:41 Move progressively outward to other people in your life
    1:54:45 And she said many people have trouble beginning with themselves
    1:54:50 And so I was really struck because last night this man came and soon him who I love began
    1:54:53 In this meditation by directing it to ourselves
    1:54:58 And I asked him about that afterwards and he seemed kind of puzzled by the question
    1:55:02 Which made me wonder if this is a uniquely American problem. I don’t know
    1:55:08 This reminds me of the story I heard of this
    1:55:13 I don’t know what it was. Nepalese or I know buddhini’s monk who came to the us any
    1:55:16 He was in a car on the way to some event
    1:55:21 This was in the us and there are these people running, you know jogging on the side of the street to get in shape
    1:55:26 But they’re just they looked like they were dying. I mean they looked like they were running from hyenas and he was just like
    1:55:29 Are they okay? What’s wrong with them?
    1:55:32 It just it was so foreign
    1:55:38 Um, my goodness. So we have just a few minutes. Let me ask you
    1:55:44 The billboard question. Uh, so if if you could put a message on a billboard
    1:55:48 This is metaphorically speaking to get a message a quote a question anything
    1:55:54 Non-commercial out to millions or billions of people. What might you put on that billboard?
    1:55:56 I think I’d probably put
    1:56:02 This one aphorism that I’ve loved since high school. I think which is only connect by em forster
    1:56:06 Only connect only connect. Yeah, like that at the end of the day
    1:56:09 That’s all that really matters. What does that mean to you?
    1:56:13 It just means connecting on some really
    1:56:19 Deep level with the people around you and that might sound like
    1:56:23 An ironic aphorism for someone who wrote a book
    1:56:28 About introversion, but to me those are not contradictory things at all
    1:56:31 You know, and so for me like connection
    1:56:34 It can happen in person for sure, but it could also happen just by listening to
    1:56:40 Music that’s really touching you and you feel completely connected to this musician who may not even be alive anymore
    1:56:44 You know or a writer who might not be alive anymore, but they’re expressing something
    1:56:50 Deep and unchanging about what it’s like to be human. So those I think there’s kind of nothing
    1:56:53 More important than that only connect only connect
    1:57:00 Is there anything you’ve done that has helped you to more deeply or frequently experience those moments or any
    1:57:03 advice you might have for people who
    1:57:06 want to
    1:57:11 Cultivate that so aside from meditation, which I am a huge proponent of but
    1:57:17 I think you really do have to pay attention to what works for you and it really is so different for everybody
    1:57:21 You know, so for me, I love to have deep one-on-one conversations
    1:57:25 It happens through music. It happens through literature and those
    1:57:29 That’s how it happens. Um, but I think it it really is a different answer for everyone
    1:57:35 But I’ll tell you and this is maybe a different topic, but the whole
    1:57:41 idea for my next book came out of one of these kinds of experiences, which is
    1:57:46 I have always had a love of bittersweet and minor key music
    1:57:50 And and the book’s not about music, but I’m going to tell you this story anyway. Okay
    1:57:53 So when I was in law school
    1:57:58 I was listening to music like that in my dorm and a friend came by and he was kind of a funny wise guy
    1:58:01 And he said, why are you listening to this music to commit suicide too?
    1:58:03 And
    1:58:07 You know, and I thought it was funny and I laughed but I thought about it for decades afterwards
    1:58:12 Like I was thinking well, why is it first of all, what is it about our culture?
    1:58:17 That makes this music so suspect that you would make that kind of joke and also
    1:58:22 What is it about the music itself that for me is not suicide inducing at all? It’s like it’s the opposite
    1:58:25 I feel when I hear music like that completely
    1:58:28 connected to
    1:58:29 everything
    1:58:34 Because it’s like the composer is expressing some really deep truth about what it is to be human
    1:58:39 So I’ve thought about this for decades and and the place that i’m going with this next book is
    1:58:40 I think that
    1:58:45 Tuning into the sorrows of the world actually is a kind of secret superpower
    1:58:52 That we’re not really allowed to access very often because of course we live in this culture that tells you
    1:58:55 Don’t go there and always wear the smiley face and and so on
    1:58:58 But if I can say like even look at somebody like you
    1:59:06 Even before you started being really open and upfront about some of the demons that you’ve struggled with which by the way
    1:59:10 All the honor to you for doing that. It’s amazingly brave and generous
    1:59:13 But even before you did it and if you had never done it
    1:59:15 I don’t think you would have been
    1:59:20 Touching all those people the way you have all these years if it weren’t for those sorrows
    1:59:26 I agree. Yeah. Yeah, so it’s all about that. I’m excited to read your next book. Thank you
    1:59:31 I think that’s a really really really really really important topic. Yeah, I think it’s really important
    1:59:37 I think we’ll have to do it around too in that case. I would love that. That would be awesome. I just have to write a little faster
    1:59:44 I will I will happily wait for your best work. So thank you. No need to rush
    1:59:49 Well, Susan, this has been such a joy and I’m sure people can hear it
    1:59:51 but just to
    1:59:56 Maybe underscore the point. I mean you are a very present person when
    2:00:01 you’re speaking with someone else and I can find you feel that in the room
    2:00:04 And so you’re you’re walking the talk
    2:00:10 Which is always refreshing and not always the case. So thank you for taking the time today. Thank you so much
    2:00:15 I really enjoyed it. Yeah, and I’m and I will link to everything in the show notes for folks
    2:00:21 Including the the name of the Korean monk that I couldn’t spell to save my life at the moment
    2:00:26 But we will have links to everything at tim.blog/podcast and you can just search Susan
    2:00:30 And pop right up people can find you
    2:00:35 Online presumably where are the best places to say hello learn more about what you’re up to?
    2:00:38 Well, best thing is to sign up for my newsletter
    2:00:42 Which you can get to if you go to quiet rev.com, which is for quiet revolution
    2:00:48 So you’ll find it right there on the home page. There’s a sign up form and there’s a newsletter that goes out every week
    2:00:56 So that’s the absolute best and then I’m also super active on LinkedIn and on Facebook. Great. And is that simply
    2:01:02 Susan Kane because I think Facebook correct me if I’m wrong. I think it’s author Susan Kane. Oh gosh. Thank you for saying that
    2:01:05 Yeah, so on Facebook. It’s author Susan Kane and on LinkedIn
    2:01:08 I actually don’t remember but it’s part of the LinkedIn influencer
    2:01:11 I’m sure if you put in LinkedIn influencer and my name
    2:01:13 It’ll pop right up. Yeah
    2:01:16 And then twitter may be less active
    2:01:20 Yeah, I am on twitter but a little less active at Susan Kane at Susan Kane. Yep
    2:01:23 And
    2:01:28 Can’t wait to see the next book and continue to follow your work. Thank you so much. I will say the same to you
    2:01:30 What is the next book?
    2:01:34 What is the next book? Well, you know based on the an episode that came out a few days ago
    2:01:37 I think it’s going to be this book that I
    2:01:40 Have been waiting to give myself permission to write which is about
    2:01:43 It’s not that it’ll be
    2:01:49 A close cousin to what you are thinking a lot about right now. It would be
    2:01:55 How to pay attention to the psycho emotional
    2:01:57 undercurrents and
    2:02:00 components of life very closely and
    2:02:03 how to use tools both
    2:02:07 On the beaten path and off very very very off the beaten path
    2:02:08 for
    2:02:10 finding resolution for
    2:02:13 problems or challenges or
    2:02:15 insecurities
    2:02:19 Or trauma that are at least in current conventional practice
    2:02:23 Considered very difficult to treat or untreatable. So that would be
    2:02:30 As far as I can tell and I’ve been gathering notes for about five years now. That would be the thrust of it. That’s going to be
    2:02:33 Your most important book
    2:02:35 I hope so. What’s your timetable?
    2:02:38 What’s my timetable?
    2:02:40 It’s
    2:02:43 Well as who was it? I think this was this something I heard on a tv set once
    2:02:48 They didn’t want people to rush, but it was the just was people need to rush and they said
    2:02:53 But they didn’t want to say that and make people panic. So they said we need everyone to move with purpose
    2:02:57 So I think my answer is move with purpose
    2:03:02 but not in haste because I want to treat it with
    2:03:07 The depth and thought that it deserves. So I don’t want to rush
    2:03:15 We’ll probably write it without signing before selling anything or signing any contracts. I’ll probably
    2:03:21 Oh, you’ll write the whole thing. I’ll probably do it on my own time. Oh, interesting. Okay, but it is atop if not the top priority
    2:03:27 Wow, so so are you like working on it every day right now? I am in some fashion working on it every day
    2:03:29 but it’s going to be a while before I get to the
    2:03:32 composition pro stage
    2:03:37 But the vast majority of the work that I do on my books is the experimentation and the traveling for
    2:03:43 Subjecting myself to all sorts of unusual things and the note taking and the organizing of said notes
    2:03:47 And I’m doing some piece of that almost every day. Wow
    2:03:53 Yeah, oh, I’m so glad you’re doing this book. Yeah, so if I can help, you know, if you want an early reader or whatever
    2:03:58 I would love to awesome. It’s completely at my alley. Well likewise likewise. This has been so much fun
    2:04:05 And until next time. Thank you so much. Thank you so much and to everybody listening
    2:04:07 Same
    2:04:10 Until next time. Thank you for listening
    2:04:13 Hey guys, this is tim again
    2:04:17 Just one more thing before you take off and that is five bullet friday
    2:04:22 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every friday that provides a little fun before the weekend?
    2:04:26 Between one and a half and two million people subscribe to my free newsletter
    2:04:31 My super short newsletter called five bullet friday easy to sign up easy to cancel
    2:04:33 It is basically a half page
    2:04:40 That I send out every friday to share the coolest things I’ve found or discovered or have started exploring over that week
    2:04:46 It’s kind of like my diary of cool things. It often includes articles. I’m reading books. I’m reading albums
    2:04:53 Perhaps gadgets gizmos all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me by my friends including a lot of podcast
    2:05:01 Guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field and then I test them and then I share them with you
    2:05:03 So if that sounds fun
    2:05:08 Again, it’s very short a little tiny bite of goodness before you head off for the weekend something to think about
    2:05:17 If you’d like to try it out, just go to tim.vlog/friday type that into your browser tim.vlog/friday drop in your email
    2:05:19 And you’ll get the very next one. Thanks for listening
    2:05:27 This episode is brought to you by ag1 the daily foundational nutritional supplement that supports whole body health
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    2:06:47 It has a multivitamin multimineral superfood complex probiotics and prebiotics for gut health an antioxidant immune support formula
    2:06:54 Digestive enzymes and adaptogens to help manage stress. Now. I do my best always to eat nutrient-dense meals
    2:07:00 That is the basic basic basic basic requirement, right? That is why things are called supplements
    2:07:05 Of course, that’s what I focus on, but it is not always possible. It is not always easy
    2:07:10 So part of my routine is using ag1 daily if I’m on the road on the run
    2:07:17 It just makes it easy to get a lot of nutrients at once and to sleep easy knowing that I am checking a lot of important boxes
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    2:08:07 Drink ag1.com/tim. Last time drink ag1.com/tim. Check it out
    2:08:12 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas
    2:08:16 And I try to access something say a show on amazon or elsewhere
    2:08:20 And it says not available in your current location something like that or
    2:08:23 Creepier still if you’re at home and this has happened to me
    2:08:31 I search for something or I type in a url incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops up
    2:08:37 And it says you might be searching for this how about that and it suggests an alternative and I think to myself wait a second
    2:08:42 My internet service provider is tracking my searches and what I’m typing into the browser
    2:08:44 Yeah
    2:08:46 I don’t like it and
    2:08:51 A lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously. That is why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor
    2:08:53 express vpn for several years now
    2:08:57 And I recommend you check it out when you connect to a secure vpn server
    2:09:02 Your internet traffic goes through an encrypted tunnel that nobody can see into including hackers governments
    2:09:06 People in starbucks your internet service provider, etc
    2:09:10 And no, you’re not safe simply using incognito mode in your browser
    2:09:15 This was something that I got wrong for a long time your activity might still be visible as in the example
    2:09:17 I gave to your internet service provider
    2:09:20 Incognito mode also does not hide your ip address
    2:09:24 Also with the example that I gave of you can’t access this kind of that content
    2:09:29 Wherever you happen to be then you just set your server to a country where you can see it and all of a sudden voila
    2:09:34 You can say log into your normal amazon account as opposed to being routed to dot uk or whatever
    2:09:42 And uh everything works so express vpn protects you and enables you because it encrypts and reroutes your network traffic through secure servers
    2:09:46 So even though your traffic is still passing through your internet provider
    2:09:51 Now they can’t read it express vpn is so fast. Also, it doesn’t bog things down at all
    2:09:57 I usually forget that I even have it on I can stream high quality video no lag or buffering
    2:10:02 Even on servers thousands of miles away gives me access to servers in 105 countries around the world
    2:10:07 Which is very helpful as I am constantly traveling and love to do so
    2:10:12 It’s easy to use you just choose a server location and tap one button to connect you do not need to be
    2:10:16 Technologically savvy you don’t need to know anything about how it works
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    2:10:28 Express vpn has really changed the way I use the internet and I can’t recommend it highly enough to check it out
    2:10:34 Right now you can go to express vpn.com/tim and get three extra months for free when you sign up
    2:10:43 Just go to express vpn expresvpn.com/tim for an extra three free months of express vpn
    2:10:46 One more time expressvpn.com/tim
    2:10:48 You
    2:10:58 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #98 “The ‘Wizard’ of Hollywood, Robert Rodriguez” and #358 “Susan Cain — How to Overcome Fear and Embrace Creativity.”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [06:08] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [07:12] Enter Robert Rodriguez.

    [07:39] Journaling as a crucial component of personal and professional life.

    [15:01] Keeping crew morale high during a project.

    [16:16] The magic that happens when creativity truly clicks.

    [20:47] How applied creativity dissolves the separation between work and play.

    [23:01] The legendary financing of El Mariachi.

    [25:56] From Bedhead to an unexpected big break.

    [30:57] Overcoming budgetary and technological constraints.

    [34:54] Maintaining momentum when lack of resources is no longer a creative driver.

    [39:33] Enter Susan Cain.

    [40:04] What initiated Susan’s lifelong fear of public speaking?

    [43:09] How Susan’s TED Talk opportunity arose, and its initial reception.

    [44:06] Introvert strategies for group dinners.

    [46:45] Reflecting on my sixth-grade self.

    [47:58] How Susan overcame her fear of public speaking.

    [50:35] Even seasoned speakers get nervous before TED Talks.

    [52:15] Susan’s progression to becoming a global public speaker.

    [54:08] Common traits of effective teachers and coaches.

    [55:45] Susan’s pre-speaking engagement rituals.

    [57:16] Public speaking as a skill multiplier.

    [57:57] How Toastmasters and chihuahuas helped me overcome speaking fears.

    [1:00:50] Preparation for my own TED Talk.

    [1:02:21] Adam Grant’s crucial pre-TED assistance.

    [1:04:00] The importance of rehearsing before live audiences.

    [1:04:49] My current level of nervousness before public speaking.

    [1:07:36] Time pressure in TED Talks.

    [1:08:51] Public speaking as a force multiplier and therapy.

    [1:11:32] Susan’s techniques for relieving worry.

    [1:12:57] Susan’s transition from law to writing.

    [1:16:07] Necessity vs. creativity in making a living.

    [1:18:10] Susan’s timeline and process for writing her first book.

    [1:20:20] Susan’s current writing process.

    [1:21:05] Susan’s note-taking and organization.

    [1:24:16] Preferences for writing software.

    [1:26:19] Susan’s enjoyment of the writing process.

    [1:27:05] Susan’s preferred writing time.

    [1:28:07] Susan’s writing schedule and break routine.

    [1:29:49] Night vs. morning writing and procrastination tactics.

    [1:31:51] Recommended books and resources on writing.

    [1:35:26] Serendipitous meetings that enabled first books.

    [1:40:16] Distinguishing introversion from shyness.

    [1:44:02] Books Susan frequently gifts.

    [1:45:09] My first meeting with Sam Harris.

    [1:47:37] Experiences with loving-kindness meditation.

    [1:49:24] Comparative effects of different meditation types.

    [1:55:35] Susan’s billboard.

    [1:56:45] Advice for deep connection with others.

    [1:57:33] Susan’s love for bittersweet music.

    [1:59:44] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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    Sign up for Tim’s email newsletter (5-Bullet Friday) at tim.blog/friday.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #759: Nassim Nicholas Taleb and Todd McFarlane

    AI transcript
    0:00:04 This episode is brought to you by Element, spelled L-M-N-T.
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    0:00:12 I’ve stocked up on boxes and boxes of this.
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    0:00:43 electrolytes, you’re just not getting enough.
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    0:00:51 But suffice to say, this is where Element against spelled
    0:00:53 L-M-N-T can help.
    0:00:57 My favorite flavor by far is citrus salt, which is a side
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    0:01:11 R-O-B-B, Rob Wolf, who is a former research biochemist
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    0:01:19 Rob created Element by scratching his own itch.
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    0:01:23 His Brazilian jujitsu coaches turned him on to electrolytes
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    0:01:45 Element.
    0:01:48 It was recommended to be by one of my favorite athlete friends.
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    0:02:26 Drink Element.com/Tim. Drinklmnt.com/Tim.
    0:02:32 This episode is brought to you by 8Sleep.
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    0:02:42 like a fitted sheet, you can automatically cool down or
    0:02:44 warm up each side of your bed.
    0:02:47 8Sleep recently launched their newest generation of the pod
    0:02:48 and I’m excited to test it out.
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    0:02:54 It cools, it heats, and now it elevates automatically.
    0:02:55 More on that in a second.
    0:02:58 First, Pod 4 Ultra can cool down each side of the bed as
    0:03:01 much as 20 degrees Fahrenheit below room temperature,
    0:03:04 keeping you and your partner cool, even in a heat wave.
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    0:04:15 At this altitude, I can run flat out for a half mile before
    0:04:17 my hands start shaking.
    0:04:19 Can I ask you a personal question?
    0:04:21 No, I just need an appropriate time.
    0:04:25 I’m a cyber-nerdy organism living this year over a metal
    0:04:26 endoskeleton.
    0:04:37 Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs.
    0:04:38 This is Tim Ferriss.
    0:04:41 Welcome to another episode of the Tim Ferriss Show where it is
    0:04:44 my job to sit down with world-class performers from
    0:04:47 every field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines,
    0:04:50 favorite books, and so on that you can apply and test in
    0:04:51 your own lives.
    0:04:55 This episode is a two-for-one and that’s because the podcast
    0:04:58 recently hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane
    0:05:01 to think about, and past one billion downloads.
    0:05:05 To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best,
    0:05:09 some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over the
    0:05:09 last decade.
    0:05:13 I could not be more excited to give you these super combo
    0:05:16 episodes and internally we’ve been calling these the super
    0:05:19 combo episodes because my goal is to encourage you to yes,
    0:05:22 enjoy the household names, the super famous folks, but to
    0:05:27 also introduce you to lesser known people I consider stars.
    0:05:30 These are people who have transformed my life and I
    0:05:32 feel like they can do the same for many of you.
    0:05:35 Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle.
    0:05:36 Perhaps you missed an episode.
    0:05:40 Just trust me on this one, we went to great pains to put
    0:05:44 these pairings together and for the bios of all guests,
    0:05:49 you can find that and more at tim.blog/combo and now
    0:05:53 without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for
    0:05:53 listening.
    0:05:59 First up, Nassim Nikolas Taleb bestselling author of
    0:06:04 Anti-Fragile, the Black Swan, fooled by randomness, the bed
    0:06:07 of Procrustes and skin in the game.
    0:06:11 Nassim is joined in this conversation by Scott Patterson
    0:06:15 Wall Street Journal investigative reporter and author
    0:06:19 of Chaos Kings, how Wall Street traders make billions
    0:06:21 in the new age of crisis.
    0:06:27 You can find Nassim on Twitter at NNTaleb and you can find
    0:06:30 Scott on Twitter at Patterson Scott.
    0:06:36 Is it true that you wrote a resignation letter your first
    0:06:39 day at a trading job and put it in your desk drawer?
    0:06:40 I read this on the internet.
    0:06:41 I don’t know if it’s true.
    0:06:43 You can’t believe everything you read, but it was from
    0:06:44 the Guardian.
    0:06:45 So I thought it might be credible.
    0:06:49 One thing is actually, as I said, I recommend people do
    0:06:49 that.
    0:06:53 I wrote that but not on the day I started, but I recommended
    0:06:57 that people, because you feel relief when you do it because
    0:07:01 then you can continue on your job without feeling like
    0:07:02 someone’s controlling you.
    0:07:03 You’ve got the gun loaded.
    0:07:06 The whole idea, Flanby, you thought about that problem.
    0:07:10 So you write the resignation letter and you don’t date it.
    0:07:18 I’m very fascinated by your ways of thinking, the way that
    0:07:20 you’ve embraced different philosophies.
    0:07:25 And you emailed me an aphorism in 2010 and you can correct
    0:07:28 me if I get any of the wording wrong, but it stuck with me.
    0:07:31 This is in 2010.
    0:07:35 Here’s the aphorism of the quote, “Robustness is when you
    0:07:38 care more about the few who like your work than the multitude
    0:07:38 who hates it.”
    0:07:41 And then in parentheses, artists fragility is when you care
    0:07:44 more about the few who hate your work than the multitude
    0:07:45 who loves it.
    0:07:47 And then in quotation marks, politicians.
    0:07:54 Have you always had that type of robustness or resilience
    0:07:55 against criticism?
    0:07:57 Is that something that is inborn?
    0:08:02 Maybe because I was never really someone who took, you know,
    0:08:04 established ideas at face value.
    0:08:09 So you necessarily have, you know, it violates some norms,
    0:08:10 some thinking norms.
    0:08:15 And often people protect those norms by, you know, attacking
    0:08:16 your reputation.
    0:08:19 And I realized that while writing food by randomness, I say,
    0:08:22 “Hey, you’re saying that what I’m doing is random or using
    0:08:22 wrong models.
    0:08:23 These don’t work.”
    0:08:24 So they attack your reputation.
    0:08:28 So I realized quickly, it was time that my reputation was
    0:08:30 going to be under some kind of fire.
    0:08:35 And I decided that, no, my reputation is how few important
    0:08:40 people or people who know something about the subject view
    0:08:40 me.
    0:08:43 And it’s not like I don’t care about my reputation.
    0:08:45 I only care about my reputation in some circles.
    0:08:51 And it was people I can talk to to try to explain what it’s
    0:08:53 about and has worked out.
    0:08:57 So if you have to go defend your reputation and you’re doing
    0:09:01 the right thing, it’s too much energy wasted and it’s not going
    0:09:01 to help.
    0:09:03 Haters are not going to hate.
    0:09:06 This resembles another aphorism inspired by Charlie
    0:09:12 Munger’s, that you want to be the most ethical person where
    0:09:15 people think that you’re corrupt or you’re the most corrupt
    0:09:18 person where people think that you’re ethical.
    0:09:22 Make your choice and use that as guideline.
    0:09:23 That’s the same thing.
    0:09:26 So except there’s something in between is that there’s some
    0:09:30 people I care about and I want to not lose respect for me.
    0:09:34 Of course, you start with your mother, you have your children
    0:09:36 or whatever your family members.
    0:09:39 But there are also a lot of people on the planet and I care
    0:09:43 about my reputation, but in these circles, not with the
    0:09:43 general public.
    0:09:46 So it allows you to take much, much more aggressive positions
    0:09:50 which I’ve done over the long life and Mark, for example,
    0:09:53 has a lot of enemies and they’re going to pick on something.
    0:09:54 You don’t care.
    0:09:55 You don’t do the right things.
    0:09:57 And how do you know you’re doing the right thing?
    0:10:03 If people, you respect, approve of your action, not if the
    0:10:04 general public does.
    0:10:08 What are some of the things that make the same different or
    0:10:10 unique in those you’ve interacted with?
    0:10:13 I have some of my own questions and thoughts on this, but I
    0:10:14 wouldn’t love to hear yours.
    0:10:16 He mentioned his contrarian nature.
    0:10:18 It’s not a contrarian nature.
    0:10:19 It’s independent.
    0:10:21 So you gotta be in line with it.
    0:10:22 I mean, people say I’m contrarian.
    0:10:25 I’m with a conspiracy theorist on many of the things.
    0:10:27 I’m against them on many other things.
    0:10:30 Some are just contrarian because they have a father problem.
    0:10:36 So to me, contrarian is an explicit rather than attribute.
    0:10:39 So, but the other thing is I thought it’s gonna be about me.
    0:10:41 It should be about the idea, the precaution.
    0:10:46 He’s a lot more interested in literature and philosophy and
    0:10:48 not financial.
    0:10:50 I just think it drives him.
    0:10:54 He doesn’t look at the stock market page, you know, every
    0:10:56 day, like some people do.
    0:10:56 He’s done it.
    0:10:58 You have to figure out what people envious of.
    0:11:04 So, you know, if you’re in a hedge fund business and you
    0:11:07 have $500 million in a bank and someone else has $600 million
    0:11:08 is gonna be envious of that person.
    0:11:12 I was always envious of people had more erudition than me.
    0:11:13 Okay.
    0:11:14 So more erudites.
    0:11:16 And you realize that that’s what makes me tick.
    0:11:18 Being envious is not good.
    0:11:22 You see, but at the same time, if you figure out who you
    0:11:25 tend to envy, I don’t believe in this.
    0:11:26 They say, oh, people having enough.
    0:11:29 There’s someone here from East Hampton, the fellow who
    0:11:30 wrote cash 22.
    0:11:32 A lot of interesting folks out there.
    0:11:35 Yeah, he met a financier at the time for hedge funds.
    0:11:40 And the financier said, what is it that about you?
    0:11:42 Because he was an author, a very successful one.
    0:11:46 What is it that distinguishes you from me?
    0:11:49 He told him, I know the meaning of enough.
    0:11:53 So in other words, you know, you’re upper bound and effectively
    0:11:58 I don’t play that game, meaning I may am literally and I say
    0:11:59 envious of people who are erudites.
    0:12:04 Like if someone knows Latin very well, I’m envious.
    0:12:07 If someone knows Sanskrit, I’m envious.
    0:12:07 All right.
    0:12:09 And I discovered that early on.
    0:12:12 So I made money on Wall Street because I wanted to make money
    0:12:15 on Wall Street, but I didn’t think it was worth the effort.
    0:12:17 And luckily he was a combination of the universe.
    0:12:21 I had so much leverage, you know, was marketing all the stuff.
    0:12:24 So the spillover on me was more than satisfactory.
    0:12:26 So I have knock on the wood a lot more than I wished.
    0:12:29 So part of the reason I’m asking, we’re talking about the ideas,
    0:12:33 but the person who’s acting as the vessel or communicator of
    0:12:36 these ideas, the developer of these ideas is integrally related
    0:12:40 to, I think, the sort of totality that I want to explore.
    0:12:44 So part of what interests me about your story and your thinking
    0:12:48 is how various inputs have impacted your thinking around
    0:12:50 not just markets, but other things.
    0:12:56 For instance, like the Stoics and the Seneca the Younger and so
    0:12:58 on or other philosophical inputs.
    0:13:01 Did those come early and then aid you?
    0:13:06 You think in your career when you were active in the markets
    0:13:09 or did those come later and you sort of always had a deep
    0:13:13 interest, but were able to explore them at a later point?
    0:13:16 It’s actually, I was, I started liking the Stoics and all those
    0:13:19 people I talk about, I like them much early on in my life.
    0:13:23 But I went overboard for every idea I’ve had.
    0:13:27 I did the exact opposite of what one should do is like if you
    0:13:29 had an idea, say, oh, I had this idea, right?
    0:13:32 Because I don’t consider myself so different from others.
    0:13:36 And then particularly when you look at history is so many
    0:13:38 10,000 scholars surviving works.
    0:13:44 So I went back and figured out of these scholars who had similar
    0:13:46 ideas or who preceded the ideas.
    0:13:48 So and who start things like that.
    0:13:53 So I went into the the empirics, the Eastern Mediterranean,
    0:13:57 Greco, Levantine, Greco-Roman mostly using Greek language
    0:13:58 thinkers.
    0:14:02 And then of course, and to others, this fundamental skepticism
    0:14:05 because I noticed a lot of people are skeptical, particularly
    0:14:06 conspiracy theories.
    0:14:08 They’re skeptical of small things.
    0:14:10 But not about big ones.
    0:14:11 All right.
    0:14:12 They get taken for a ride.
    0:14:15 It’s find me a conspiracy theorist or find me someone who’s
    0:14:17 naturally skeptic of all things.
    0:14:18 And I show you a turkey.
    0:14:22 So I wanted to find people who are fundamentally skeptic,
    0:14:24 being skeptic, and being skeptic about important things,
    0:14:25 not about small things.
    0:14:27 Because it would be an example of a big thing.
    0:14:29 Let me give you an example.
    0:14:30 I wrote a paper.
    0:14:34 It never ended up in a book on the stock market and religion.
    0:14:34 All right.
    0:14:37 It’s called The Bishop and the Economist.
    0:14:41 And I said that those who are skeptical about the existence
    0:14:46 of God, skeptical about religious matters, typically tend
    0:14:49 to be complete suckers when it comes to stocks.
    0:14:52 They believe in a stock market or believe in some kind of pseudo
    0:14:55 scientific theory on whatever it is.
    0:14:55 Okay.
    0:14:59 So, but they don’t believe in religion and the reverse.
    0:14:59 All right.
    0:15:03 And people who are religious typically, they’re harder and
    0:15:05 there’s some research on that.
    0:15:08 There’s a guy called Bar Lahmi, Bar Halahmi, I think,
    0:15:11 who did some studies about skepticism of people who go to
    0:15:13 religion about affairs, skepticism of where it matters.
    0:15:15 And I wrote about it, I think, in the Black Swan.
    0:15:17 So skepticism of where it matters.
    0:15:21 And I noticed that a lot of these big skeptics were not
    0:15:24 skeptical of God and things that we can’t do anything about.
    0:15:27 They were skeptical of the charlatan, the skeptical of
    0:15:29 someone trying to take advantage of you.
    0:15:32 That’s where you exercise your skepticism.
    0:15:35 Among the great skeptics, there is a bishop UAE.
    0:15:39 He was probably one of the second most erudite person of his
    0:15:39 time.
    0:15:41 Second was there’s a guy called Scaliger.
    0:15:42 He’s a guy’s phenomenal.
    0:15:48 He could translate into Arabic, Roman authors, Latin authors,
    0:15:48 and vice versa.
    0:15:49 Okay.
    0:15:51 Scaliger, Scaligeri.
    0:15:53 There are a lot of the, Pierre Bale.
    0:15:56 Pierre Bale has a lot of works.
    0:15:58 He’s one of those skeptics.
    0:16:01 Hume was one of the skeptics, but these people preceded Hume.
    0:16:05 Hume is known because he wrote in a language of a country that
    0:16:08 had a lot of ships and a lot of trade, you know, across the
    0:16:08 world.
    0:16:13 But a lot of these ideas came from groups of people in
    0:16:15 France or among Protestants in France.
    0:16:19 It was called the Anaphideists originates, of course, in
    0:16:19 Levant.
    0:16:22 And of course, you have the great Al-Ghazel, the Islamic
    0:16:27 theologian, Iranian origin, who definitely was showing you
    0:16:31 how all these arguments are weak, you know, could
    0:16:34 dismantle arguments by showing you would be skeptical about
    0:16:36 human arguments about God.
    0:16:40 I think it’s Spinoza is coming out of that same tradition.
    0:16:44 He was skeptical about the text that was these people say,
    0:16:46 okay, trust Sandy’s text.
    0:16:47 Okay.
    0:16:48 Be skeptical about things that really matter.
    0:16:50 And there was actually a skeptical school of medicine,
    0:16:51 practicing medicine.
    0:16:52 So what?
    0:16:54 I went back through history.
    0:16:57 Every time I’ve had an idea, I would go back and see in
    0:16:59 history who preceded me.
    0:17:04 And sure enough, I haven’t done enough because every year
    0:17:06 or so I get letter from someone.
    0:17:08 Hey, how come you missed so and so?
    0:17:10 Okay.
    0:17:12 And sure enough, I go back to the inserto and I add that
    0:17:16 person and this is why it has survived the five books,
    0:17:19 the inserto, but we’re not here to talk about these five
    0:17:20 books with this book.
    0:17:23 Well, we’re going to talk about whatever comes up,
    0:17:28 but I do want to hop over to you, Scott and maybe discuss
    0:17:32 something that you had shared with me as a possible bullet
    0:17:36 in the prep stages for this conversation, which is related
    0:17:40 to poly crisis and the new age of crisis.
    0:17:42 What does this refer to?
    0:17:45 It’s the subtitle of my book.
    0:17:48 Most people have focused on the first part of the subtitle
    0:17:50 is how Wall Street traders make billions.
    0:17:53 Second part is in the new age of crisis.
    0:17:56 I feel like that hasn’t gotten that much attention,
    0:18:01 but part of what I’m trying to argue is that we are seeing
    0:18:06 a magnification of extreme events accelerating and overlapping.
    0:18:10 There’s an economist Adam twos whose coin of phrase called
    0:18:14 the poly crisis, which he says these crises that are happening
    0:18:19 on a global scale are interacting in ways that the whole
    0:18:22 becomes greater and worse than the sum of the parts.
    0:18:26 So you’ve got pandemics, you’ve got economic instability,
    0:18:31 financial crises, climate change, which is a big focus of
    0:18:34 mind in my daily job at the journal, which I think is sort
    0:18:40 of the big one in terms of the ever magnification of crises
    0:18:41 that we’re seeing.
    0:18:42 We’re seeing it in the news every day.
    0:18:48 And what I wanted to do in the book is look at several of
    0:18:54 these crises and think about how we should be approaching them
    0:18:59 in a sort of a risk mitigation standpoint using ideas from
    0:19:00 people like Naseem.
    0:19:03 I think that the central idea was as I was talking about the
    0:19:09 germ of the idea of the book was can you take ideas that
    0:19:14 were created on Wall Street for risk mitigation and borrow
    0:19:18 those and apply those to other forms of risk management.
    0:19:24 And what Naseem and Mark do is they think about the extreme
    0:19:27 events and how to protect against them.
    0:19:31 Naseem co-wrote a paper about this exact issue called the
    0:19:32 precautionary principle.
    0:19:37 It delineates specific categories of risk that you
    0:19:39 should take the precautionary principle and apply it to.
    0:19:43 He has some specific ideas and he can talk about it way better
    0:19:46 than I can, but you know, these are things that can be global
    0:19:49 that represent systemic risk to humanity.
    0:19:51 Things that can be exponential.
    0:19:55 Must be fat-tailed or exponential things that have these
    0:20:00 properties that you need to take extreme precaution and not
    0:20:00 take that risk.
    0:20:03 Basically don’t play Russian roulette with these risks.
    0:20:07 And that’s kind of how the book was structured was first
    0:20:11 looking at the growth of the strategy with Mark and Naseem
    0:20:15 and then moving on to these other things that the world is
    0:20:19 facing and seeing if we could think about ways to protect
    0:20:20 against these risks.
    0:20:22 Something like climate change.
    0:20:24 You don’t really want to mess with that.
    0:20:27 You know, it’s a bit too late, but there’s still lots of
    0:20:28 things that we can do.
    0:20:31 And that’s I think the book in a nutshell.
    0:20:34 It was going to mention earlier when you asked me about
    0:20:35 the birth of the idea of the book.
    0:20:39 When I first suggested it to Naseem and Mark, Naseem said,
    0:20:43 “No way, I have no interest in doing that with you.”
    0:20:44 It took a while.
    0:20:47 And then you were like, “I have these black in my photos.
    0:20:48 You might want to tickle again.”
    0:20:49 So Ad, you can do it.
    0:20:53 It was, it warmed down.
    0:20:57 I think it was more Mark put the screws on.
    0:20:58 No, no, no.
    0:20:59 Let me tell you what happened.
    0:21:00 I actually don’t know.
    0:21:02 I know that eventually he said.
    0:21:05 I extracted the promise from him to not be portrayed to
    0:21:10 mention that I don’t self-identify as a finance person.
    0:21:15 And once he made that promise, said, “Okay, now we can talk
    0:21:18 because finance represents a significant part of my life.”
    0:21:19 But I don’t want.
    0:21:21 This isn’t a theme with Naseem ever since I’ve known him.
    0:21:23 So to me, it was like.
    0:21:24 The identity piece.
    0:21:26 Yeah, that he’s not a trader.
    0:21:29 And I thought, I agreed because it’s true.
    0:21:34 It’s, he’s not been a trader for a long, long time.
    0:21:37 And it’s obvious where his interests are.
    0:21:40 What would it mean or feel like for you to be broadly
    0:21:45 identified as a finance person, but to think of yourself more
    0:21:46 as a scholar?
    0:21:48 I wrote about it in “Foodbar Randomness.”
    0:21:51 George Soros and I met George Soros and one of the persons
    0:21:53 on the planet will press me the most, one of those.
    0:21:58 And I realized that George Soros missed his career.
    0:22:01 He wanted to be a philosopher and a thinker.
    0:22:03 Okay.
    0:22:06 He ended up making money and spending too much time in it
    0:22:08 and wrote drunk articles and books.
    0:22:09 Or I think one book.
    0:22:13 So yeah, it was not, it was not what he wanted out of life.
    0:22:13 Okay.
    0:22:17 He’s a middle European intellectual who would have liked to
    0:22:21 be remembered as someone for ideas.
    0:22:25 And he, of course, Carl Popper, who he claims was a professor,
    0:22:26 but it was beyond.
    0:22:29 So I wrote about “Foodbar Randomness.”
    0:22:33 I said, here’s his fellow who was, say, okay, but he also
    0:22:35 does to distinguish himself from other financiers.
    0:22:39 He’s also, or has intellectual aims.
    0:22:40 I said, I don’t want to be that.
    0:22:46 I want to be someone who produces intellectual work and who
    0:22:50 happens to have had contact with reality thanks to trading.
    0:22:54 And thanks to Mark, guys, I’m still have some contact with reality.
    0:22:56 But I’m not cut for that.
    0:22:59 When I was writing “Foodbar Randomness,” it was 2019 that
    0:23:04 I realized I was not, I don’t want to be like Soros because
    0:23:07 unlike Buffett and the other people, Soros had an identity
    0:23:08 crisis.
    0:23:10 He wants to be known as a philosopher.
    0:23:10 Okay.
    0:23:12 It’s a life to control of him.
    0:23:13 He didn’t.
    0:23:15 Buffett told me he wanted to write a book.
    0:23:19 I used to cover him and I was leaving the journal at the time
    0:23:20 to write my second book.
    0:23:24 And he was like, oh, I really always wanted to write a book.
    0:23:25 I never got around to it.
    0:23:28 So there you go with, you know, the Oracle of Omaha.
    0:23:29 Yeah.
    0:23:31 He wants to be thought of as an intellectual too.
    0:23:32 What?
    0:23:33 I mean, this is not the same.
    0:23:34 Not the same.
    0:23:35 The same Soros.
    0:23:39 Omaha has something that I didn’t put in a precautionary principle,
    0:23:42 but that’s probably very inspiring because he understood the asymmetry.
    0:23:47 If you say no a thousand times, he says no, if you doubt.
    0:23:49 And that’s the precautionary principle.
    0:23:54 Could you give people the precautionary principle one-on-one just to back
    0:23:54 up?
    0:23:55 Okay.
    0:23:55 Let me ask you.
    0:24:00 You’re the first flying to go to Mexico.
    0:24:03 You go to JFK and they tell you they have uncertainty.
    0:24:06 About the skills of the pilot.
    0:24:08 But we think he’s good, but there’s uncertainty.
    0:24:09 What do you do?
    0:24:13 You’re not going to get on that plane and say, okay, life is too important for me.
    0:24:18 You’ll take a train, you walk, maybe you’ll ride a bicycle, you know,
    0:24:20 take a few months, but you’re not going to get on that plane.
    0:24:21 Okay.
    0:24:24 You change your plans and say, okay, there are other plans or other countries too
    0:24:25 and other planes.
    0:24:28 So that’s Warren Buffett with his investments.
    0:24:30 And that’s my precaution principle.
    0:24:34 The idea that there’s an asymmetry is that uncertainty about certain things is
    0:24:35 not good.
    0:24:40 So the climate, for example, if you have uncertainty about the climate, stop these
    0:24:41 models.
    0:24:41 All right.
    0:24:42 Just don’t pollute.
    0:24:44 You’ve got to use something else.
    0:24:45 Try to mitigate.
    0:24:47 So that’s the first part of it.
    0:24:50 People get it right away when I give them a story of plane or I take water.
    0:24:52 So this is the last one on the table.
    0:24:54 There’s no evidence that it’s poisonous.
    0:24:56 Would you drink it?
    0:24:59 No, there’s no evidence.
    0:25:03 Yeah, there’s no evidence that so, but when you tell them, Hey, you know,
    0:25:04 you should worry about GMOs.
    0:25:05 This is, there’s no evidence they’re harmful.
    0:25:08 Yeah, but there’s no evidence that they’re not harmful.
    0:25:09 Okay.
    0:25:13 So the asymmetry where you put the burden of the asymmetry on, that’s a precaution
    0:25:14 principle.
    0:25:17 But then what we did is we’ve noticed a lot of people.
    0:25:20 In fact, it was a counter precaution principle because a lot of people were
    0:25:23 invoking it for nothing to say we’re going to have a non-native precaution
    0:25:30 principle by delineating the areas where you should exercise such precaution
    0:25:34 systematically as a planet or as a communal group.
    0:25:35 And what are they?
    0:25:38 Number one, you need fat tails.
    0:25:40 Now, what does fat tail mean?
    0:25:41 Let me explain to you.
    0:25:43 Let’s say you go to planet Mars.
    0:25:44 Okay.
    0:25:46 Elon would help you get in there.
    0:25:50 You have connection and you have no news from Earth.
    0:25:54 And then on the way back, you hear that a billion people died.
    0:25:55 Okay.
    0:26:03 Which one is more likely to be the cause Ebola or car accidents?
    0:26:04 Ebola.
    0:26:10 Now, on a given day, if you hear Joe Smith died today, what’s more like
    0:26:11 the Ebola or a car accident?
    0:26:12 Car accident.
    0:26:13 Car accident.
    0:26:14 That’s fat tails.
    0:26:14 Fat tails.
    0:26:18 You had to identify things backwards.
    0:26:20 If you hear the big thing, where’d it come from?
    0:26:21 And you had to get these.
    0:26:22 Okay.
    0:26:25 So they have different dynamics because of scale differently.
    0:26:30 So in the black swan, I showed the difference with the following metaphor.
    0:26:35 There are environments where you may have a large deviation.
    0:26:38 It’s not going to be consequential because it can’t be very big.
    0:26:42 So if I take a thousand people and put them on a scale and add to
    0:26:46 that sample, the largest human being confined on the planet, how
    0:26:48 much of the total will he or she represent?
    0:26:50 It’s 30 basis point.
    0:26:50 Nothing.
    0:26:51 Okay.
    0:26:54 And then if you go from a thousand to 10,000, that lose completely.
    0:26:55 So you can have a tail event.
    0:26:58 That’s not going to be consequential.
    0:27:00 Extremistan is different.
    0:27:04 Extremistan, if you gather a thousand people and add to that sample, the
    0:27:09 wealthiest person on the planet, how much of the total will he or she represent?
    0:27:10 All of it.
    0:27:11 There’d be a running error.
    0:27:12 There’d be running error.
    0:27:15 I mean, there’d be on average on the planet Earth, right?
    0:27:19 There’d be in total, maybe they have two or three million in total.
    0:27:21 And then you have a hundred and some billion right next to it.
    0:27:24 So this is where you have to focus on environment that produces fat tails.
    0:27:26 And this is what market is, is universal.
    0:27:31 Inversa is named after the universal mechanism that generates fat tails.
    0:27:32 That was the name.
    0:27:36 So everything, we’re in it basically intellectually, everything in all details.
    0:27:40 So you have to identify what produces fat tails in the financial
    0:27:43 markets and why it’s getting thicker.
    0:27:46 Fat tails means that you have the greatest contribution comes
    0:27:47 from smallest number of events.
    0:27:51 So concentration, like, for example, you have a lot of people.
    0:27:52 All the wealths come from one person.
    0:27:58 It’s so happened that under fat tails, the models that we use for risk
    0:28:02 management on Wall Street, RBS, this is why I have a lot of enemies.
    0:28:05 This is why I have to protect myself against reputational damage.
    0:28:06 All right.
    0:28:10 So because all the economy saved me, all their models are based on that.
    0:28:11 So what is fat tails?
    0:28:14 Practically everything in socioeconomic life is fat tailed.
    0:28:16 What is not fat tailed?
    0:28:18 Number of calories we’re going to eat tonight.
    0:28:21 How many calories can we have in one day tonight?
    0:28:22 We can only go for the gold.
    0:28:26 I’d say, I’d say we could each down a few thousand calories a piece.
    0:28:27 Two thousand, two thousand.
    0:28:28 Say I go three thousand for me.
    0:28:29 All right.
    0:28:31 I can play with fat and stuff.
    0:28:31 Three thousand.
    0:28:32 That’s nothing.
    0:28:34 How many calories do I consume a year?
    0:28:36 Yeah, it’s not a single day is going to make a difference.
    0:28:38 Can you lose all your money in a single day?
    0:28:39 Yes.
    0:28:40 There we go.
    0:28:42 So you have two environment and they’re separable.
    0:28:46 So this is why the universal approach, it makes things separable.
    0:28:49 The fact that you can identify what is fat tailed.
    0:28:51 You identify where models don’t work.
    0:28:54 You can identify where you have to understand and we have to use more refined
    0:28:57 tools to figure out stuff.
    0:29:01 And then also in fatness of tails, number one, pandemics.
    0:29:06 Number two wars are close, close second wars and pandemics.
    0:29:06 Okay.
    0:29:11 And so you can use that to prioritize application of the precautionary principle
    0:29:12 or bingo.
    0:29:18 And let me tell you how, for example, if cancer is thin tails, nuclear,
    0:29:21 thin tail, if you can diversify it, it’s thin tails.
    0:29:24 If you can have a thousand nuclear reactors, all right.
    0:29:28 If you can ensure it, or rather than one, it is thin tailed.
    0:29:30 If you can ensure it, it’s thin tailed.
    0:29:33 If you can ensure it, not insurable fat tails.
    0:29:37 So a lot of things that are believed to be very risky, but they’re
    0:29:39 not like nuclear for me.
    0:29:43 I mean, not for one of my co-authors, but I’ll settle it with a beer or
    0:29:44 what’s in English.
    0:29:50 Rupert Reed is a co-author of and also a major character in the book.
    0:29:52 He’s a very environmentally focused person.
    0:29:55 He’s a leader in climate these days.
    0:30:00 And yeah, he told me that’s one thing that he disputed the precautionary
    0:30:04 principle paper, which was written with him first, drinking, you know,
    0:30:11 in English pub in somewhere in Northern England, where the portions
    0:30:15 are like smaller than what they give you for espresso in Italy.
    0:30:17 You know, the espresso that you sip up.
    0:30:21 So we had to have like, again, it’s like you and the eggs, all right.
    0:30:25 So to go back to the insurable, we don’t have to worry about it.
    0:30:29 And a very simple example I give that when Ebola started or later on
    0:30:32 when COVID started, people using the arguments, yeah, you know,
    0:30:36 3,000 Americans die every year drowning in a swimming pool.
    0:30:38 That was something by the guy called Dr. Phil.
    0:30:41 Should we shut down pools at a time less than a thousand Americans
    0:30:43 had died of COVID?
    0:30:45 And then I followed this, presented the following argument.
    0:30:51 I said, if I die drowning in a swimming pool, my neighbor drowning
    0:30:54 in her or his swimming pool has not changed.
    0:30:59 If I die of COVID, the odds of my neighbor dying of COVID has increased.
    0:31:01 So we had that transmission that makes it fat tail.
    0:31:03 That mechanism of transmission.
    0:31:08 So this is why you cannot compare as basically the press in the beginning,
    0:31:12 the so-called established press was against our ideas.
    0:31:14 Because it was racist against China.
    0:31:19 They could not distinguish between risks of car accidents and heart
    0:31:22 attacks and risks of things spreading.
    0:31:25 This is why, for example, I am in favor of vaccines.
    0:31:29 The risk is sin tailed and I’m against GMOs because they spread
    0:31:30 in the environment.
    0:31:36 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be
    0:31:37 right back to the show.
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    0:32:46 Tim for 20% off.
    0:32:56 And now, Todd McFarlane, Emmy and Grammy winning director and
    0:33:02 producer, co-creator of Marvel’s top villain Venom, co-founder of
    0:33:06 Image Comics and creator of Spawn, one of the world’s best
    0:33:10 selling comic books and one that earned Todd the Guinness
    0:33:14 World Record for longest running creator owned superhero comic
    0:33:15 book series.
    0:33:20 You can find Todd on Instagram at Todd McFarlane.
    0:33:23 Todd, welcome to the show.
    0:33:24 Nice to see you.
    0:33:25 Tim, thanks for having me this morning.
    0:33:26 Appreciate it.
    0:33:29 And I thought we could start with a confession on my side
    0:33:33 which is ever since I was a kid and to this day, I still have
    0:33:37 a poster of the Incredible Hulk number 340 Gray Hulk versus
    0:33:43 Wolverine that features your artwork and I am a long time
    0:33:45 collector and fan of your work.
    0:33:48 So it’s exciting to have you here and I’m excited to to
    0:33:50 dig into all sorts of things.
    0:33:53 And I thought we would begin and this might be a dead end.
    0:33:54 We’ll see where it goes.
    0:34:03 But asking about how baseball informed your approach to art
    0:34:06 and comics, if at all, if those two things tie together for
    0:34:06 you.
    0:34:10 So here’s what I would say about that and I’ll give you a
    0:34:11 little bit of back history.
    0:34:16 I would say it informed me more on the eventual business side,
    0:34:19 the competitiveness on the business side.
    0:34:24 So it’s always interesting when you do certain interviews or
    0:34:28 with people, I always just sort of think that sometimes interviews
    0:34:31 are like laying on a psychologist couch and they’re like,
    0:34:33 Todd, why are you like that?
    0:34:34 What drives you?
    0:34:36 Here’s the answer to that question so we can get that
    0:34:37 out of the way.
    0:34:40 I think it was the day I came out of the womb and it was in
    0:34:41 my DNA.
    0:34:45 There’s not a single day I don’t recall not being Todd.
    0:34:49 So what is natural for me, I guess for other people because
    0:34:53 I now understand as I get older, their personalities that my
    0:34:57 personality has been baked every day of my life and it’s not
    0:34:59 an effort to do what I’ve done in life, right?
    0:35:03 So people go, oh my God, you’re so tenacious and you go up
    0:35:06 against people and you’re such a rebel and you fight for what
    0:35:07 you believe in.
    0:35:10 Of course, there’s no other option in my brain.
    0:35:12 So it’s not, I’m not fighting.
    0:35:13 I just, there’s no other option.
    0:35:17 So it’s just a natural progression on where I want to go.
    0:35:21 But I would argue that whatever that DNA is got enhanced
    0:35:22 with two things.
    0:35:26 One, I had a brother that was a year older and one a year
    0:35:29 younger and then you get three boys together.
    0:35:30 What are you talking about?
    0:35:31 Every day was a competition.
    0:35:33 Who could eat the cereal the fastest?
    0:35:35 Who could jump the most steps down?
    0:35:37 Who could run to school the fast?
    0:35:38 What are you talking about?
    0:35:39 Everything is a competition.
    0:35:43 And then you take that and eventually I was never going to
    0:35:45 go to university.
    0:35:47 I remember being in class when they brought in high school,
    0:35:51 they brought the recruit in the college and they sort of talk
    0:35:52 and I go, well, I’m not going.
    0:35:54 So I’ll just put my head down and continue drawing because
    0:35:56 I was always doodling.
    0:35:58 And then somebody tapped me on the shoulder.
    0:36:02 I remember and they went, son, why is your arm not raised?
    0:36:03 And I’m like, what?
    0:36:05 I wasn’t even paying attention, sadly.
    0:36:08 And I go, well, what was the question?
    0:36:09 They’re going, well, who wants to go to college?
    0:36:14 And I looked up and every single person in my class had their
    0:36:15 arm up.
    0:36:19 Now that’s okay, but I looked at the two sort of druggies that
    0:36:22 I know because I’m friends with all of them and I’m looking
    0:36:25 at them going, what are you talking about?
    0:36:26 You’re not going to college.
    0:36:28 You got F’s like across the board.
    0:36:30 You might even drop out in grade 12.
    0:36:36 So anyways, I gave them my reason, which is I don’t enjoy education.
    0:36:39 And so let’s just convert it to broccoli and let’s say I don’t
    0:36:40 like broccoli.
    0:36:45 Why would I then go and pay people money to eat more broccoli?
    0:36:47 Does it make much sense?
    0:36:47 Does it?
    0:36:49 So I go, I’m not going.
    0:36:50 Now, did I go to college?
    0:36:51 Of course I did.
    0:36:52 Why?
    0:36:53 Because I’m an athlete.
    0:36:55 And so I played baseball, getting back to your question.
    0:37:02 And somebody offered me a scholarship to go to play baseball.
    0:37:05 So my last three years, I was on a Pac-Tan baseball scholarship.
    0:37:09 And at some point now you have to get sort of simplistic.
    0:37:13 If somebody’s going to give you free education, I’m going to grab it.
    0:37:14 Did I want it?
    0:37:15 Not really.
    0:37:17 But if it’s free, I’m going to grab it.
    0:37:23 And oddly, Tim, of the 25 guys on our team, only two of us graduated
    0:37:25 with a degree in four years.
    0:37:27 And the other guy was, I’m Canadian, the other guy was Canadian.
    0:37:30 I remember the coach going, because Canadians don’t want to hustle
    0:37:32 as much in sports, right?
    0:37:33 Because we got a degree.
    0:37:34 Like what he’s talking about was free.
    0:37:38 And the reason I took it and I got it done for free, because
    0:37:42 the dumb athlete was alive and well, but they’re not really dumb.
    0:37:43 They just don’t go to class.
    0:37:46 And if you don’t go to class, you don’t get your marks.
    0:37:49 And if you don’t get your marks, then eventually you don’t get your degree.
    0:37:51 Here’s the funny thing about that.
    0:37:56 Somebody has offered you a free degree and 23 of my teammates
    0:37:58 decided they wouldn’t get it in four years.
    0:38:02 So either they would never get a degree or gun to my head.
    0:38:03 This is weird.
    0:38:07 They’re going to come back and pay to finish it.
    0:38:09 I go finish it.
    0:38:11 The buffet was open the whole time you were there
    0:38:13 and you chose not to eat.
    0:38:14 Like, oh my gosh.
    0:38:17 So if nothing else, given that I’m sort of a cheapskate,
    0:38:19 I’m going to, they’re going to give it to me for free.
    0:38:21 I’m not paying another penny to come back here.
    0:38:22 I’ll take that degree.
    0:38:25 So I got my degree and I was off to the races.
    0:38:29 Now between the baseball, which is competitive and my brothers,
    0:38:32 then all of a sudden three weeks before I graduate, I end up getting
    0:38:39 my first job in comic books and all of that sort of made me a freelancer
    0:38:42 and I had to begin taking care of myself.
    0:38:45 And it’s like, OK, it’s just another game, another game of competition.
    0:38:47 First job in comic books.
    0:38:53 You’ve posted, I want to say photographs of 350 or so rejection letters.
    0:38:56 When did you first start sending those out?
    0:39:01 And did you get any particularly helpful feedback that allowed
    0:39:04 you to modify things so that you were able to get that first job?
    0:39:05 Yes.
    0:39:08 So let’s go through it real quick.
    0:39:11 Did I get over 300 rejections?
    0:39:12 Yes.
    0:39:15 Is that tenacious?
    0:39:18 Is that determination or is that delusion?
    0:39:21 Like how many, like at what point do you say, I’m going to be an opera singer
    0:39:25 and the people keep giving you nose and you go, man, look at how determined
    0:39:28 is at what point do you say, maybe I just can’t sing opera.
    0:39:28 Right.
    0:39:31 But again, so there’s a fine line.
    0:39:34 People give me way too much credit for those 300.
    0:39:39 I think a normal sane person with sort of less enthusiasm will leave it at
    0:39:44 that work than me would have probably at 200 rejections found another option
    0:39:44 to make money.
    0:39:49 But the reason I was able to assimilate that many rejections was
    0:39:51 because I was going to college.
    0:39:57 So I was sending off samples almost continuously while I was in school.
    0:39:58 So I didn’t have a job.
    0:39:59 I was going to school.
    0:40:00 So I didn’t care.
    0:40:02 I had four years to basically try and get a job.
    0:40:05 And then it probably at the end of those four years, I was going to
    0:40:08 look at that pile and say, maybe I need to find something else.
    0:40:14 My degree is, I thought is in graphic designing and I thought I was going
    0:40:16 to be the guy who’s going to do Michelin tire ads.
    0:40:17 I go, that’s okay.
    0:40:20 It’s an admirable job, but you know, it’s a graphic designer.
    0:40:23 That was sort of where I thought the reality of it was going to be.
    0:40:28 But three weeks before I graduate, I get my first job and how did I
    0:40:33 get it by sending literally 700 samples over the course of those four
    0:40:38 years and just on one level, I think I just wore them out because I sent
    0:40:43 it to every editor at every company.
    0:40:46 They used to have, let’s say at Marvel because my first job was at Marvel.
    0:40:48 They have like one submission editor.
    0:40:49 No, no, no, no, no.
    0:40:53 The people who give you the work are the editors and they have 16 editors.
    0:40:56 So I would send it to all 16 editors.
    0:40:58 Ultimately, I went around the submission guy.
    0:40:59 I just went, what?
    0:41:01 You got to give it to the editors anyways.
    0:41:02 Might as well send it directly to the editors.
    0:41:07 So I would keep sending it to the editors over and over and over to every
    0:41:08 company, every editor.
    0:41:13 And I think Tim and hindsight, I think that they probably had a board
    0:41:16 meeting or whatever, one of those Monday morning meetings and they just said
    0:41:20 something like, and I’m making this up, but said, oh, for the love of God,
    0:41:25 that Todd kid, that punk that keeps sending us, we keep getting like a box
    0:41:30 of mail from this guy every two weeks, would somebody in this room give him
    0:41:34 a couple pages just so we don’t have to open up his mail every two weeks?
    0:41:39 I think I just, I think I just wore them out and I got the job literally
    0:41:41 three weeks before I graduated.
    0:41:42 So I never even had to use my degree.
    0:41:45 What informed me in those?
    0:41:45 Yeah.
    0:41:47 It was all constructive criticism.
    0:41:50 Let me tell you, because people say, oh, Todd, you got the last laugh.
    0:41:51 No, no, no.
    0:41:56 Everything they put in those letters was constructive criticism because
    0:41:59 the people who just thought that I was not very good through my portfolio,
    0:42:01 my samples and the garbage.
    0:42:06 So everybody who took the time to write back actually gave a little
    0:42:08 bit of insight.
    0:42:12 And so what I would do, they didn’t know it was actually going to keep
    0:42:17 me fueled is that I would take that insight and then redo another batch
    0:42:19 and send it to everybody again.
    0:42:23 So, you know, where I was making 20 mistakes, eventually got down to 18
    0:42:25 and then 16 and then 15.
    0:42:30 And I think probably when I was at six mistakes, I think they finally
    0:42:32 said, hey, he’s getting better.
    0:42:35 He’s not perfect and he seems to be enthusiastic.
    0:42:37 So somebody give him a chance.
    0:42:38 See what he can do.
    0:42:42 So for people who don’t have any familiarity with comic books,
    0:42:46 penciling anything along these lines, what were some of the things
    0:42:48 you were getting feedback on and getting better at?
    0:42:51 And I suppose this leads into the question, like, what does it look
    0:42:54 like as a comic book artist to get better?
    0:42:55 What are you getting better at?
    0:42:58 Maybe that sounds like a silly question, but I’ll give it a shot.
    0:43:03 There’s two things that I think make a good artist in the comic book industry.
    0:43:06 One is just pure drawing skills.
    0:43:06 Right.
    0:43:12 So there are hundreds and not thousands of people who can draw circles around
    0:43:12 me.
    0:43:16 If you can just draw pretty pictures, you can go a long way.
    0:43:19 The second piece is storytelling.
    0:43:24 And if you can do great storytelling and be average drawer, you’re still
    0:43:30 going to have a pretty good career because people then will be entertained
    0:43:31 by everything you do.
    0:43:35 So I’ll use an example and I hope because I’m friends with him.
    0:43:36 I hope he doesn’t take it.
    0:43:39 Frank Miller is a great, great storyteller.
    0:43:42 He’s the one that wrote The Dark Knight for Batman.
    0:43:46 He’s the one that, you know, created 300 that ended up getting turned into a movie
    0:43:48 in Sin City and all these things.
    0:43:52 He rejuvenated dead characters like Daredevil.
    0:43:58 I wouldn’t say, and I think Frank would agree, that he’s not the best anatomically
    0:44:03 correct artist and his drawings don’t get every muscle right.
    0:44:10 What he does is he tells stories better than anybody else in our industry period.
    0:44:15 So he could do it with stickmen and you would still be engaged because of his
    0:44:18 writing, the way he does it and what’s happening in it.
    0:44:23 So Frank has been able to take that storytelling, which to me, as I’ve
    0:44:26 gotten older, is way more important than whether you’ve got flashy lines.
    0:44:30 I came in as a kid who wanted to do flashy lines because it would, people
    0:44:32 go, oh my God, look at all the detail he’s doing.
    0:44:38 But then I found out that really what they wanted was less flash and more clarity
    0:44:40 on the pages, right?
    0:44:45 You should be able to give a comic book to a non-comic book writer, go
    0:44:47 next door to your neighbor, give it to your mom.
    0:44:51 And at the end, they should be able to say, hmm, you know, not my cup of tea.
    0:44:54 I don’t collect comic books, but that was kind of interesting because
    0:44:57 they understood what they were supposed to be reading in the sequence.
    0:44:59 They were supposed to be reading it.
    0:45:02 And if you don’t do that, you’re no good in our industry.
    0:45:07 One more thing, if you can’t keep a deadline, then you’re for sure not good
    0:45:12 at anything. As a matter of fact, people who can keep a deadline in an industry
    0:45:18 that is driven by monthly deadlines can have long careers and not be very good
    0:45:23 at drawing because you have to get product out every 30 days.
    0:45:25 So go ahead.
    0:45:28 If you want to be the kid that’s flashy and do a bunch of lines and take
    0:45:31 twice as long, but they’re never going to give you a regular gig because
    0:45:35 you have to get books out on time, period, out.
    0:45:39 And I’m embarrassed that I don’t know this, but I never made it far enough.
    0:45:41 You can still lead a productive lifetime.
    0:45:42 Don’t worry about it.
    0:45:43 I’m working on it.
    0:45:44 We’re going on the productive side.
    0:45:48 But what are the deliverables on a monthly basis?
    0:45:51 Are you shipping out a few pages at a time?
    0:45:55 Are they waiting until you have the entire book done, so to speak?
    0:46:01 What do the actual deadlines and deliverables look like for a full-time comic book artist?
    0:46:04 So it is shifted, as you can imagine, with technology.
    0:46:05 Yeah.
    0:46:08 So the way that it used to work, and I’ll age myself because I got into the
    0:46:15 business sort of pre-internet, I’d have to do my pages, take them to the either
    0:46:18 phone FedEx and they were called Federal Express at that point.
    0:46:23 And so I would have to phone Federal Express when I use FedEx.
    0:46:25 My wife go, “Oh, you’re so hip calling them FedEx.”
    0:46:26 And eventually they caught on.
    0:46:30 So your phone FedEx, they’d either come and pick it up or sometimes you
    0:46:32 would miss the call on their deadline.
    0:46:33 They were, the drivers were past.
    0:46:37 I was living in a remote area up in Canada on an island in Canada.
    0:46:41 And so if I missed a driver, which is why I hired an assistant to help
    0:46:44 sort of package stuff up, he would drive to the airport, which was about
    0:46:48 an hour and 15 away while I was finishing up pages.
    0:46:49 So I go, “Oh, I’ve got another hour.”
    0:46:51 And then we drive to the airport.
    0:46:55 Do you know how many times I ran down the tarmac because it was a little
    0:46:58 sort of prop plane that flew to Vancouver, British Columbia.
    0:47:01 And they were, I think it was always looking over his shoulder going
    0:47:02 to be here in about two minutes.
    0:47:07 And I’d be running down the tarmac and I basically throw my package to him
    0:47:08 and he’d get it done.
    0:47:13 Today, all of that’s taken away because now you can scan your pages
    0:47:15 and hit a literally a download.
    0:47:16 Boom, it’s gone.
    0:47:18 It doesn’t solve anything, Tim.
    0:47:23 All it means is you just get to push your lock with deadlines later and later.
    0:47:26 So let’s give you an example currently happening.
    0:47:30 The biggest comic book that’s going to come out this year in our industry
    0:47:32 is a book called Batman Spawn.
    0:47:34 So that goes to print.
    0:47:39 Could I just talk to the people at DC Comics yesterday?
    0:47:41 It goes to print on Monday.
    0:47:43 You and I are talking on Friday.
    0:47:45 I still have to write.
    0:47:46 It’s a 48 page book.
    0:47:47 I’ve only written eight pages.
    0:47:49 I’ve got to finish writing the 40 pages.
    0:47:52 There’s 10 pages that haven’t been colored.
    0:47:57 I literally talk to the person who does the word balloons after I give
    0:48:01 them the script to say, hey, sorry, dude, we’ve got to both work pretty
    0:48:02 hard over the weekend.
    0:48:06 They’re going to probably get the last pages at midnight on Sunday.
    0:48:09 They’re going to look at it and make sure nobody, no pages are upside down
    0:48:12 or backwards and then they’re going to hit send and it’s going to go to the
    0:48:16 printer and the printer is waiting because when you’ve got a big print run
    0:48:18 because this can, like I said, it’s going to be the biggest of this year.
    0:48:22 You can’t swap out books and say, I will just swap out another book.
    0:48:23 Can you just substitute?
    0:48:24 Not of that magnitude.
    0:48:29 They’ve got lots of printer presses waiting for this one book and we’ve
    0:48:30 got to deliver.
    0:48:32 So how does it work by our chinny chin chin?
    0:48:35 Like a lot of other things in the world, you just get it done.
    0:48:39 So let me back up for a second because I think I heard you correctly.
    0:48:42 Now you have delivered so many deadlines.
    0:48:46 Even if you have chased down the plan on the tarmac, you’ve, you know,
    0:48:47 how to train obviously.
    0:48:48 I’ve missed the plan a couple times.
    0:48:49 You’ve missed the plan a couple times.
    0:48:54 So this is a huge book, biggest in the industry of this year.
    0:48:58 Did I hear you correctly that you said you have eight pages done out of 48?
    0:49:01 I guess I’m just wondering if you, what does that mean?
    0:49:02 Yeah, writing was.
    0:49:03 Okay.
    0:49:04 Wow.
    0:49:07 Tim, I’ll tell you what that means.
    0:49:11 That means before I talk to you this morning, I talked to my, what they
    0:49:15 call the letterer, the guy who actually converts your script into the word balloon.
    0:49:19 I talked to my letterer and go, dude, we’re going all night tonight.
    0:49:22 I’m just every three pages I’m going to send to you.
    0:49:23 So it’s going to be, I do three.
    0:49:24 I send it to him.
    0:49:25 He works on it.
    0:49:28 By the time he’s done with those three, I feed him another three and we’re just
    0:49:32 going to see how it works and we’ll get it done.
    0:49:33 Tim, we’ll get it done.
    0:49:34 Right.
    0:49:37 Like you said earlier, a couple of years ago, I set a record.
    0:49:40 I mean, spawn is the longest running crater on book.
    0:49:42 We’re up to issue three 35.
    0:49:45 That’s over 30 years of doing books.
    0:49:47 And now I do a monthly book every week.
    0:49:48 You just get it done.
    0:49:50 Yeah, it’s just like going to the gym.
    0:49:53 Every workout isn’t awesome, but did you get your workout in?
    0:49:54 Yeah, sure.
    0:49:55 Wow.
    0:49:57 By the hair of your chinny chin chin.
    0:49:58 Nobody knows on the other side.
    0:49:59 Nobody knows.
    0:50:02 That’s what everybody’s going to look at that book and go, man, it is.
    0:50:04 Look how professionally done it was.
    0:50:11 So let’s then come back to a word you used, which is important.
    0:50:16 And that is the longest running creator owned superhero comic series.
    0:50:18 The creator owned piece.
    0:50:22 When and how did you decide to start Image Comics?
    0:50:27 Because I remember as a kid, I wanted to be a penciler for about 10 years.
    0:50:30 So I was I was really tracking all of this.
    0:50:32 And then I was an illustrator in high school and then part of college.
    0:50:37 I actually had the, I was the graphics editor at a magazine where Jim Lee had
    0:50:39 been the previous graphics editor.
    0:50:41 So I had Jim Lee’s had a DC Comics.
    0:50:47 And he had these sketches in the desk that he’d done after getting hammered in
    0:50:50 college and I thought these are just treasures at the time.
    0:50:52 So this is a lot of fun for me to explore.
    0:50:54 And I remember Image being a very big deal.
    0:51:01 So for people who have no context, he explained why and when Image was
    0:51:03 founded because I think that’s a big piece of this story.
    0:51:07 Look at, I assume that the majority of people listening don’t collect
    0:51:08 comic books and whatever.
    0:51:09 So we’ll keep it simple.
    0:51:11 Everybody knows Marvel and DC.
    0:51:12 Everybody, right?
    0:51:16 If you ask the next natural question, huh?
    0:51:17 Who’s number three?
    0:51:21 That has been Image comic books for 30 years.
    0:51:23 We were celebrating our 30th anniversary.
    0:51:25 So was the spawn character because it came out that first year.
    0:51:30 And we’ve been number three for 30 consecutive years.
    0:51:32 As a matter of fact, those first couple months we came out, we actually
    0:51:33 passed DC comic books.
    0:51:34 We were number two for a few months.
    0:51:41 So when people sort of get past, you know, the Marvel and DC and even in the
    0:51:44 industry of Hollywood and or people that are looking for ancillary products,
    0:51:49 which you have to because people don’t know Marvel’s owned by Disney.
    0:51:50 Marvel’s owned by Disney.
    0:51:52 They don’t share that too much.
    0:51:57 And DC comic book is for a long, long time has been owned by Time Warner.
    0:52:01 Now Warner Brothers Discovery, AT&T, you know, but let’s call it Warner
    0:52:01 Brothers.
    0:52:03 So one’s owned by Disney.
    0:52:05 One’s owned by Warner Brothers.
    0:52:06 Okay.
    0:52:12 So you’re Sony, you’re universal, you’re Paramount Studios, your Netflix,
    0:52:14 you’re Apple, you’re Paramount Plus.
    0:52:14 What are you talking about?
    0:52:15 Where are you getting product?
    0:52:17 Not getting it from Marvel.
    0:52:17 Why?
    0:52:20 They’re not sharing and you’re not getting it from DC because they’re
    0:52:21 not sharing.
    0:52:27 So you literally have to go and redact all those books and you’re left with
    0:52:33 everybody else and that puts our books in really good position.
    0:52:35 Now let’s go back because that doesn’t answer your question.
    0:52:37 How did we get to image comic books?
    0:52:42 For me personally, when I was trying to break into comic books, like I said,
    0:52:46 in all those years leading up to breaking in those, I was reading
    0:52:49 everything I could get my hands on about our industry.
    0:52:57 And what I found was I was coming across a common theme and the common
    0:53:06 theme was that everybody, no matter how big your standing had been in
    0:53:10 our industry, eventually got pushed out against their will.
    0:53:17 And in some cases got the short end of creative and financial sticks.
    0:53:18 These are artists.
    0:53:20 These are artists, writers, whatever.
    0:53:25 These stories had been written over and over and over again.
    0:53:30 And so I remember one in particular reading about, there’s a gentleman,
    0:53:34 his name was Jack Kirby and his nickname was Jack the King Kirby, right?
    0:53:39 To put in perspective to people who are laymen listening that they called
    0:53:45 him the King for a reason because he was and he got the short end of the stick.
    0:53:49 And Jack Kirby is a guy who helped create the Fantastic Four and the X-Men
    0:53:55 and even created the costume for Spider-Man and the Hulk and Iron Man
    0:53:56 and on and on.
    0:53:58 That’s who Jack Kirby was.
    0:53:59 He helped create it with Stan Lee.
    0:54:04 So I remember reading those articles and this is long before I break
    0:54:10 into the industry and I went, man, if they can do that to Jack King Kirby,
    0:54:12 they can do it to anyone.
    0:54:18 And so when I got my first job in comic books, you know, three weeks
    0:54:21 before I graduated, I went in with my eyes wide open.
    0:54:25 And so I knew what the game was.
    0:54:32 And I go, okay, their job is to exploit me as much as possible.
    0:54:38 Can I do the same in reverse at the same time?
    0:54:41 The win is they’re getting something of value out of you.
    0:54:43 You’re getting something out of them.
    0:54:47 And the value that I was getting out of them was twofold.
    0:54:51 One, I had all these dozens of characters in my portfolio, including
    0:54:56 Spawn and I never ever had one second of temptation to ever pull any of
    0:55:00 those out and offer them to to Marvel or DC when I was working with them.
    0:55:04 Did I create new characters when I got the plots from the writers?
    0:55:05 Of course, I did.
    0:55:05 I was a professional.
    0:55:10 So I helped co-create and I’m the visual creator of Venom.
    0:55:11 So Venom’s my guy.
    0:55:11 Why?
    0:55:14 Because, you know, we came up with a story and that was what it was.
    0:55:15 Okay, fine.
    0:55:18 But I never said, oh man, I’m having a good career at Marvel.
    0:55:21 Let me reach into my portfolio and offer them my characters.
    0:55:21 Never.
    0:55:22 Why?
    0:55:26 Because in the back of my mind, those stories had been haunting me that
    0:55:32 were there and at some point, Tim, I was selling more comic books
    0:55:38 than any human being Marvel was employing period to the point that
    0:55:40 I had set a record on one of the books.
    0:55:43 I helped take over artistically amazing Spider-Man.
    0:55:46 It was sitting at like number 22 in the sales chart.
    0:55:50 They came and they went, hey, Todd, if you want to draw it cool because
    0:55:53 I had just finished a run on the incredible Hulk that you had mentioned.
    0:55:56 And they said, whatever you want to do because it’s sort of in a dumpers.
    0:56:00 Spider-Man’s in the dumpers in short order at some points.
    0:56:04 Amazing Spider-Man became number one or two every single month in
    0:56:08 total sale to the point then that they’re like, oh, and it’s really
    0:56:09 what catapulted my career.
    0:56:13 And just so you know, all the things that I was doing artistically to
    0:56:19 help move it from number 22 to number one, I was getting pushback from
    0:56:23 the corporate entity up above and the executives up above and the editor
    0:56:27 and chief up above that you can’t do what you’re doing, Todd.
    0:56:28 You’re messing with the icon.
    0:56:29 That’s not how we do it.
    0:56:33 Let me tell you, ladies and gentlemen, as an old man now, the
    0:56:38 single greatest danger you are going to meet in your life is status quo.
    0:56:42 It is the thing that they are going to fight and battle you against more
    0:56:45 than any other thing in the world.
    0:56:51 And what’s staggering about what I just said, which is a truism is that
    0:56:55 there’s only 200 percenters in the world that I can give you.
    0:56:57 One, we’re all going to die.
    0:56:58 Hate to break it to you.
    0:56:59 It’s just a matter of time.
    0:57:04 The second is everything is going to eventually change.
    0:57:08 Otherwise we’d be living in caves right now.
    0:57:15 Change is part of the human condition and yet every day you run into
    0:57:21 systems that are crushingly holding on to status quo are holding on to
    0:57:22 yesterday.
    0:57:28 And and for those of us that are wired to think about tomorrow, we become
    0:57:30 the rebels.
    0:57:31 We become the outcast.
    0:57:35 We become the people who are rocking the boat, who are just Todd.
    0:57:40 Why don’t you just relax, get along, all the things that they’re going to
    0:57:40 tell you.
    0:57:44 And what I’m saying that happened to me has happened to millions of
    0:57:48 people throughout history that wanted to do something different, not better.
    0:57:52 Let me be very clear, not better, different.
    0:57:57 So when I was doing my different Spider-Man, I wasn’t doing it because
    0:57:58 I thought I was better.
    0:58:02 I wasn’t doing it because I thought what they were doing was worse,
    0:58:04 which is how they took it.
    0:58:10 I was doing it because I’m a young kid with a career and I need to figure
    0:58:14 out how to stand out in a sea of people that are doing the exact same job
    0:58:14 as me.
    0:58:16 And there’s only one way.
    0:58:17 I’ve got to be a little bit different.
    0:58:23 So I started doing some funky fun little stuff on Spider-Man.
    0:58:24 And guess what?
    0:58:26 The fans liked it.
    0:58:30 And more importantly, it was enjoyable for me to draw because drawing is a
    0:58:35 lonely occupation like a novelist where you sit in a room for 12 hours a
    0:58:37 day with you and your thoughts.
    0:58:38 That’s your day.
    0:58:42 And if you can’t entertain yourself, it’s a long day.
    0:58:46 So I was coming up with crazy little silly things I was putting in the book.
    0:58:47 They were having a heart attack.
    0:58:51 I was getting called on the carpet as the sales are going up.
    0:58:53 I finally quit Spider-Man.
    0:58:55 They go, no, no, no, because you’re selling so many books.
    0:58:57 We’ll give you a new Spider-Man book.
    0:59:00 They were going to do a fourth Spider-Man book anyway, so they could
    0:59:02 have one every week of the month.
    0:59:03 So they gave it to me.
    0:59:04 I’ve never written before.
    0:59:05 I’m going, you’re going to give it to me.
    0:59:08 I’ve never written before, but I got it right, which is why I quit.
    0:59:12 I go, I want to write and that’s because I don’t want to draw other people’s
    0:59:12 stories.
    0:59:14 I want to tell my story.
    0:59:16 And they said, yeah, yeah, yeah.
    0:59:17 And that book set a record.
    0:59:22 It’s in the Guinness Book of World Records for the most sales by a single
    0:59:22 creator.
    0:59:25 I also own that record on the other side with spawn.
    0:59:29 I own the corporate and non-corporate record for a single issue by a single
    0:59:29 person done.
    0:59:31 Now, I’m not saying that bragging.
    0:59:36 I’m just saying that has a fact so that now that guy who’s setting records
    0:59:40 when he comes into the office in New York from Canada, little Canadian
    0:59:47 Hick, you would think that they would say, thank you, not fuck you, right?
    0:59:51 And instead they’re calling me on the carpet going, Todd, you’ve got to stop
    0:59:53 doing this and this and this.
    0:59:57 All the things that got me and their books were there.
    1:00:02 And I remember having these bizarre conversations with the editors going,
    1:00:05 dude, you don’t have to like me personally.
    1:00:07 You don’t have to like my drawing style.
    1:00:09 You don’t have to like anything I do.
    1:00:11 You hired me for one job.
    1:00:13 Sell comic books.
    1:00:15 You guys are in the commerce business.
    1:00:18 Don’t you realize you’re a money making machine.
    1:00:19 You want to sell books.
    1:00:22 I do that better than anybody that you employ.
    1:00:29 Why are we continuing to have these conversations and they wore me out.
    1:00:30 Tim, they wore me out.
    1:00:34 So when was there a particular moment when you knew it seems like you have
    1:00:38 basically in your back pocket, the plan to eventually go out on your own
    1:00:40 because you had all these characters you developed.
    1:00:45 So what was the day or the conversation where you just like, fuck this.
    1:00:46 Now is the time.
    1:00:48 Oh, I’m splitting off.
    1:00:50 I remember with clarity.
    1:00:54 They had been doing the comic books have this thing in a corner called
    1:00:58 the comics code and the comics code was created because in the late fifties
    1:01:03 there was the whole war them scared that comic books were degrading the youth
    1:01:07 of America and they had the Senate hearings and it actually in a weird way
    1:01:12 ended up leading to the sort of the advent of Marvel comics because there
    1:01:14 was Marvel was a company called timely comics.
    1:01:18 But then they went, oh, we don’t want to get caught up in this whole Senate
    1:01:18 hearing.
    1:01:24 Let’s sort of whitewash if you will our presentation and they change your name
    1:01:28 to Marvel and the first book out fantastic for and then after that here
    1:01:32 comes Spider-Man, Iron Man, Hulk and all the other things that we all know.
    1:01:36 Right. So you can argue that thanks to some loony tune in the Senate in
    1:01:39 the late fifties, Marvel exists.
    1:01:39 Right.
    1:01:40 Maybe minus him.
    1:01:41 There is no Marvel.
    1:01:44 So we actually we shouldn’t be given all the credit to Stanley.
    1:01:49 We should be given it to McCarthy and the doctor were them who was the one
    1:01:51 who wrote the book, the seduction of the innocence.
    1:01:52 Right.
    1:01:57 So look it up anyways is I’m doing the books because of that comics code
    1:01:59 every now and then they would get you to fix a panel.
    1:02:01 Todd, you can’t do that.
    1:02:01 Why?
    1:02:02 Because the comics code.
    1:02:03 Okay.
    1:02:07 Now I used to ask him could somebody actually send me the comic code.
    1:02:11 So instead of having to guess what’s in the comics code and then you guys
    1:02:14 tell me I got to redraw something because I have deadlines and I don’t
    1:02:16 like to redraw and redo anything.
    1:02:20 And so it’s like burning your pasta.
    1:02:22 Then you go, oh man, I got to cook it and boil the water again.
    1:02:24 It just you get aggravated the second time around.
    1:02:29 So at some point they kept doing that and then the day came and then it
    1:02:33 was the proverbial straw that broke the camel’s back because I’d
    1:02:37 been doing it for years and they sat there and it was this issue and
    1:02:40 it was the sideways issue.
    1:02:41 My last issue at Marvel.
    1:02:44 It was a sideways issue of the Spider-Man book.
    1:02:44 The one I had.
    1:02:48 I was writing myself except for we were doing a crossover with some of
    1:02:52 that the mutant X-Men and in this case X factor characters.
    1:02:56 The ones that were sort of dead pool and cable came from those characters.
    1:03:00 And there was a bad guy and his name was a juggernaut and a juggernaut
    1:03:02 was like, you couldn’t beat the juggernaut, right?
    1:03:06 He’s a big, giant dude and he had armor and you couldn’t do it.
    1:03:09 So my thing was, well, he’s got isolates.
    1:03:11 He’s got to look out those isolates.
    1:03:15 And so the way that I was going to get to him was I had one of the
    1:03:19 mutants take their sword and put it in the eye and jam it in the
    1:03:22 eye because then it would be like, oh my gosh, right?
    1:03:23 You’d catch him off guard.
    1:03:27 And then if you team tackle him, you’re going to win the day.
    1:03:29 So I drew that.
    1:03:33 I still have that page today, Tim, because it’s the page that broke
    1:03:35 the camel’s back, right?
    1:03:38 I have the, I have the unedited version even better.
    1:03:40 I, I, I don’t even have the edited version.
    1:03:41 I have the unedited version.
    1:03:47 And, and so they phoned me up and they said, Todd, you got to redraw it.
    1:03:48 And I went, what?
    1:03:49 What, what redraw what?
    1:03:52 You can’t stab somebody in the eye with a knife.
    1:03:54 And I go, what are you talking about?
    1:03:55 Well, I know, like the commerce code.
    1:04:00 I go, well, of course you can because just not long ago, there
    1:04:02 was this great cover.
    1:04:06 Not only was it in the, it was on the cover of Daredevil, Frank Miller.
    1:04:11 And he’s got bull’s eye on the cover and he’s stabbing.
    1:04:14 Electra, a character on the cover.
    1:04:20 And so I go, of course you can stab people and they go, well, yes,
    1:04:24 you can stab people, but you can’t, you can’t have a rear exit wound.
    1:04:26 And I went, what are you talking about?
    1:04:27 Did you look at that cover?
    1:04:30 The guy’s killing the lecturers, going in the front is coming out the back.
    1:04:34 No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, you can stab them and it can
    1:04:37 come out of rear exit wound, but you can’t tear the cloth.
    1:04:40 So if you look at the drawing, you’re going to see that it’s like,
    1:04:42 you don’t really see the sword coming out.
    1:04:43 It’s like a teepee.
    1:04:44 It’s like a teepee.
    1:04:49 The back of her costume was like, it’s, it’s teepee, but it hasn’t cut.
    1:04:50 So I go, so I just want to be clear.
    1:04:55 You can gut somebody and you can have it come out the other side.
    1:05:03 After you gut them, you just can’t rip the cloth and that won’t offend
    1:05:04 the mothers and the children.
    1:05:05 Yes.
    1:05:06 Wow.
    1:05:06 Okay.
    1:05:09 So there’s no rear exit wound.
    1:05:10 I’m just stabbing them in the eye.
    1:05:11 Yeah.
    1:05:12 But you know what?
    1:05:16 People are sensitive to eyes because if everybody gets something in their
    1:05:18 eye, we all know how much pain that is and teeth.
    1:05:22 Because if you go to the dentist and he drills you wrong and I’m having this
    1:05:26 absurd conversation with five or six of my editors and I’m just going,
    1:05:29 what are, so I just want to be clear.
    1:05:31 Can I stab them in the chest?
    1:05:31 Yes.
    1:05:32 In the knee.
    1:05:33 Yes.
    1:05:34 In the elbow.
    1:05:35 Yes.
    1:05:35 In the eye.
    1:05:36 No.
    1:05:37 In the cheek.
    1:05:37 Yes.
    1:05:38 In the neck.
    1:05:39 Yes.
    1:05:39 In the mouth.
    1:05:40 No.
    1:05:41 Wow.
    1:05:42 Wow.
    1:05:48 So somehow I was in bizarre land and so I had at that moment, I stopped
    1:05:52 the conversation because you never want to have a conversation with
    1:05:56 anybody where two plus two equals giraffe, right?
    1:05:58 Never talk to somebody who comes up with that equation.
    1:06:01 So I said, guys, here’s what’s going to happen.
    1:06:03 I’m going to send you the page.
    1:06:05 I’ll do a little quick drawing over if you want.
    1:06:10 You guys fix it any way you see fit.
    1:06:13 By the way, I’m handing in my resignation.
    1:06:14 I am done.
    1:06:16 I am exhausted.
    1:06:22 I also was a few days away from becoming a father for the first time and
    1:06:23 I just went, you know what?
    1:06:25 It’s time to catch my breath.
    1:06:27 I don’t know what being a dad’s about.
    1:06:33 These guys have worn me out and all I do is sell books for them.
    1:06:36 And I just called uncle and that was it.
    1:06:38 That was the day I walked away.
    1:06:40 Now, did I have a plan B?
    1:06:41 Of course I didn’t, Tim.
    1:06:42 Of course I did.
    1:06:47 The plan B was I had spawn as a character and I just went, I guess
    1:06:49 I’ll just have to self publish, right?
    1:06:52 Not ideal, but okay, here we go.
    1:06:58 The upside of it was that I was talking to a couple other people.
    1:07:04 Let me also say before me quitting, I also was going around trying to create a union.
    1:07:06 I was like the normal Ray.
    1:07:08 I was go, come on, man, power to the people, right?
    1:07:12 If we stopped drawing, put pencils down, they got nothing to print.
    1:07:13 We show them our power.
    1:07:20 It was frustrating for me when I tried it for a few months that the most scared people
    1:07:25 that will say, yeah, let’s join together are those that don’t have a job.
    1:07:27 It was weird to me.
    1:07:32 I’d be talking to dozens of people that I knew that wanted to be in the business, that
    1:07:35 we’re in the business, but weren’t getting steady work that needed a better life.
    1:07:36 And I go, come on, let’s just go.
    1:07:39 Let’s just create like an enclave of people.
    1:07:43 And again, you know, and deal with the whole is better than the parts.
    1:07:47 And they would say, no, I can’t because what if they blackball me?
    1:07:49 I’m like, blackball you?
    1:07:50 What do you talk about?
    1:07:52 You’re not getting any work from them right now.
    1:07:54 Yeah, but what if they blackball me?
    1:07:54 I’ll go.
    1:07:56 So here’s what I’ll do for you.
    1:08:02 Right now you have no job, no car, no girlfriend, no house, no money.
    1:08:08 If you join this enclave, I will promise I will make all of those equal to you, right?
    1:08:12 You’ve got nothing to lose other than to go up.
    1:08:14 Come on, man.
    1:08:16 I’m selling more books than anybody else.
    1:08:20 I’m making more money than anybody else in our industry and I’m willing to throw it away.
    1:08:24 You should be 10 times more fearless than me.
    1:08:27 It was actually oddly the opposite.
    1:08:33 So during that time, I had been talking to two of my friends and peers.
    1:08:34 They were also in the industry.
    1:08:38 A gentleman by the name of Rob Lifelt and another one named Eric Larson.
    1:08:46 And both of them had that same entrepreneurial, let’s just call it rebellious trait in them.
    1:08:47 And we were always talking.
    1:08:52 And I remember in one conversation, Rob was saying, yeah, I’m going to maybe go, you know,
    1:08:53 I’m working, he’s still working for Marvel.
    1:08:54 So is Eric.
    1:08:56 And it’s like, yeah, I’m going to go do my own book.
    1:08:59 And then Eric was on the call going, yeah, I’m going to go do my own book.
    1:09:01 And I had just quit.
    1:09:04 And at some point during the conversation, the topic came up, go, well,
    1:09:08 if you’re going to do your own book on your own, Rob, and you’re going to do your own book
    1:09:10 on your own, Eric, and I’m planning on it.
    1:09:14 Why don’t we do all of them together in the same place?
    1:09:15 It’s never been done.
    1:09:22 What’s happened is people have left Marvel and DC one at a time or they pushed them out the door.
    1:09:23 Think of it like a sports team.
    1:09:25 So you lose a free agent.
    1:09:26 You’ll go get another player.
    1:09:27 So you lose enough.
    1:09:33 But what if 10 of your players on a championship team quit the same year?
    1:09:37 That would be detrimental to that competition of that team.
    1:09:40 So the conversation was, why don’t we just join forces?
    1:09:46 So all of a sudden, very quickly, it was three Rob, who’s super energetic,
    1:09:48 came up with the name image comic books.
    1:09:50 And the reason why he came up with the name.
    1:09:54 So he tells me is that there was a commercial that was on TV.
    1:09:57 And it was Andre Agassi, I think.
    1:09:59 And it was a it was a camera commercial.
    1:10:01 And he says image is everything.
    1:10:04 So that was the punchline of the commercial.
    1:10:07 So he was like, let’s do image, right?
    1:10:08 Image is everything.
    1:10:09 Let’s do image, right?
    1:10:10 So that was it.
    1:10:11 Image comic books was born.
    1:10:17 You don’t overthink people think that we come up with all this stuff and we know what we’re doing.
    1:10:20 No, venom in and of itself was a happy accident.
    1:10:22 We can go back to that in a minute if you want to.
    1:10:26 So the three of us get together and then and then Rob says, Todd.
    1:10:31 I’ve got a buddy, Jim Valentino, he does some independent comic books.
    1:10:34 Is it OK if he comes and so I get what are you talking about?
    1:10:37 I like this is a group, the more the merrier.
    1:10:42 So we’ve got four and then we find somebody to help us publish.
    1:10:45 And we say that’s it.
    1:10:50 We’re flying to New York and we’re going to break the news to Marvel that we’re quitting.
    1:10:56 Four of us, Rob, Eric, Todd, Jim, Jim Valentino.
    1:11:03 We fly to New York and I land the day before we have a meeting with the top people.
    1:11:05 Terry Stewart, who was the publishing head at that point.
    1:11:10 And later at that meeting I’ll get to was the editor-in-chief who happened to be walking down the hall.
    1:11:14 So I’ve got a meeting with Terry Stewart, the top dog.
    1:11:15 And to basically say, we’re quitting.
    1:11:17 Here’s our reasons why.
    1:11:22 And if it was me, I would close this barn door because you may have some more people quitting
    1:11:24 next week or the week after the week after.
    1:11:29 So we land the day before and I got to blow some time.
    1:11:30 So I happened to walk around.
    1:11:33 I heard there’s an auction, somebody selling some artwork.
    1:11:38 I go to the auction and Jim Lee, the person you know, you talked about the beginning
    1:11:40 who’s now the head of DC Congress.
    1:11:45 Jim Lee is at the auction and he’s like, hey, Todd, what are you doing here?
    1:11:49 I’m like, oh, and I told him and then I start giving the sales pitch.
    1:11:57 Tim, let me tell you one thing when I have my passion involved, I’m a good salesman.
    1:11:59 I’m a good salesman.
    1:12:05 And so I start pounding on Jim Lee and Jim Lee at this point, just so you know,
    1:12:10 is doing the X-Men and it is the number one selling book is doing the number one selling book.
    1:12:14 The only time I ever got beat with Jim Lee, that guy, he was he was my competition.
    1:12:16 Like I was Magic Johnson.
    1:12:17 He was Larry Bird.
    1:12:21 OK, and so we just we had a rival, but we liked each other and we got along.
    1:12:25 And so I tell him what we’re doing and he starts thinking about it.
    1:12:31 And then to my surprise says, I think I can go with that.
    1:12:36 Now, this is a monumental moment from my perspective.
    1:12:42 And here’s why, ladies and gentlemen, Todd, the rebel leaving was going to be easy
    1:12:45 for Marvel to basically discount because they were going to go.
    1:12:50 Ah, that kid’s always sort of rocking the boat and he’s always a bit of a pistol.
    1:12:51 You know what?
    1:12:51 That’s fine.
    1:12:54 Rob Liefeld had the same attitude.
    1:12:55 So it’s like, oh, we were the bad boys.
    1:12:57 Ah, so the bad boys left.
    1:12:58 Good riddance.
    1:13:01 Jim Lee was the golden child.
    1:13:04 He was the chef’s kiss.
    1:13:06 He was the guy.
    1:13:08 He was perfect.
    1:13:13 If they could clone employees and artist Jim Lee was the mold.
    1:13:19 And so when Jim said he would go, that was a thunder clap in my head to go.
    1:13:26 Oh, my God, if the choir boy can go, then that means all bets are off.
    1:13:31 And they are going to have to sit up and pay attention because not only are you
    1:13:34 losing the bad boys, you are losing the model citizens.
    1:13:39 And so Jim then says, oh, by the way, I got a pal, Will’s Pertasio.
    1:13:41 Is it okay if I phone him and because he’s looking for the word.
    1:13:42 I think he’ll join too.
    1:13:44 Shoot.
    1:13:46 He was doing another X-Men book.
    1:13:47 I’m going, what?
    1:13:49 We’re going to get two X-Men.
    1:13:51 The X-Men books are the number one selling book at that point.
    1:13:53 Bring them on.
    1:13:57 So we got six and I’m walking now back to my hotel with the biggest grin on my
    1:14:00 face because I go, they don’t even know what’s about to come.
    1:14:05 And as I’m walking into my hotel, I see another sort of peer, a guy by
    1:14:07 name of Mark Sylvester.
    1:14:13 Now, Mark Sylvester to me at that time was the best artist, like just in terms
    1:14:15 of skill, Mark Sylvester.
    1:14:18 I don’t believe the thing that my son is saying.
    1:14:18 Yeah.
    1:14:19 That’s my, that’s my dad.
    1:14:20 I’m taking care of here.
    1:14:22 Yeah, yeah.
    1:14:22 Okay.
    1:14:23 Yeah.
    1:14:25 So Mark Sylvester is there.
    1:14:26 It’s about 11 o’clock at night.
    1:14:28 And I go, Hey, Mark, what are you doing?
    1:14:29 Cause I’m going to bed.
    1:14:30 You got, you got, you got five minutes for me.
    1:14:31 Right.
    1:14:35 And so I sit down and like Mussolini from the balcony.
    1:14:36 I give him the speech.
    1:14:37 Right.
    1:14:38 And I give it to him.
    1:14:40 And he’s like, Oh my God.
    1:14:42 He goes, Todd, that sounds good.
    1:14:43 And Jim Lee’s on board.
    1:14:44 Yeah.
    1:14:44 He just signed on.
    1:14:46 Let me think about it.
    1:14:48 I go, Mark, here’s the gig.
    1:14:50 We’ve got a meeting at eight o’clock tomorrow morning.
    1:14:54 I need to know if you’re in or not by eight o’clock in the morning.
    1:14:56 He goes, so I’ve got to, I’ve got to go to bed.
    1:14:59 I’ve got to think about it, whether I’m going to change my entire career.
    1:15:02 And I’ve got nine hours of which eight of them I’m going to sleep.
    1:15:03 Yeah.
    1:15:04 That’s it.
    1:15:08 Now, I don’t know what he did or how well he slept that night, but in
    1:15:12 the morning at seven, 30, the phone rings and he goes, Hey Todd, Mark,
    1:15:14 I’m in seven.
    1:15:15 We went to New York.
    1:15:19 I flew to New York with Rob with four of us, with four of us.
    1:15:22 And by the time we walk into that office, we’ve got seven.
    1:15:25 Oh, by the way, Mark Sylvester was doing the Wolverine comic book.
    1:15:31 We had literally the dream team to put in perspective for people
    1:15:32 listening again, that don’t know.
    1:15:38 There’s probably a, every year about that year was probably about six,
    1:15:42 seven thousand comic books come out from all companies, right?
    1:15:45 Cause again, Spider-Man comes out once a month, so that’s 12.
    1:15:48 And then you’ve got three Spider-Man books at 36 and then Iron Man’s
    1:15:50 another 12 and 12 and you add it all up.
    1:15:53 Literally thousands of comic books come out.
    1:16:01 The people who gathered together to create image, we had accomplished 44 of
    1:16:04 the top 50 sales that year.
    1:16:10 Just to put in perspective who we were, 44 of the top 50 sales of 6,000.
    1:16:15 We were literally the comic book equivalent of the dream team,
    1:16:18 the basketball team that was happening in basketball at that time.
    1:16:22 So I knew this was going to reverberate somewhere.
    1:16:25 And again, the stock went down at Marvel the next day.
    1:16:27 Take a look at it because CNN reported on it.
    1:16:30 And we went into the meeting and essentially it went like this.
    1:16:35 And here would be a fun interview is to get Terry Stuart’s perspective
    1:16:41 of it because not only has he literally lied about it.
    1:16:44 He will tell you otherwise, but now is he lied about it.
    1:16:48 But then 30 years later, I met up with him and my wife went and talked to him
    1:16:52 and he still is spewing the lie.
    1:16:53 And I get it.
    1:16:54 He’s corporate.
    1:16:55 What’s he going to do?
    1:16:59 He doesn’t want to say that it was on his watch that all these people left.
    1:17:01 But here’s his lie.
    1:17:02 And it is.
    1:17:04 I got witnesses because there’s more than one of us in that room.
    1:17:09 He’s saying we came in and we asked for the copyrights of our characters.
    1:17:11 What are you talking about?
    1:17:13 None of us is that crazy.
    1:17:16 We understood the dynamics of the business.
    1:17:19 We would give me Spider-Man and give him the X-Men.
    1:17:20 What are you talking about?
    1:17:23 He’s saying he had to let us go because that was our demand.
    1:17:28 No, no, the way that it went down was simply like this.
    1:17:29 We are leaving.
    1:17:32 There’s nothing you can give us that’s going to keep us.
    1:17:36 And oh, by the way, here’s some of our reasons.
    1:17:42 If it was us, you may want to do something about those reasons
    1:17:45 because next week you may have another seven quitting.
    1:17:48 I don’t understand why you want to keep having people quitting.
    1:17:49 But you know what?
    1:17:51 Do what you got to do.
    1:17:53 It’s your company, whatever.
    1:17:57 Now, during that conversation, the editor-in-chief had coincidentally happened
    1:18:00 to be up on the upper floors.
    1:18:03 Don’t know why and just came in and whatever.
    1:18:04 He was a good man.
    1:18:08 Tom DeFalco, the one that used to tell me, can’t do that, Todd.
    1:18:10 You can’t do that, Todd on Spider-Man.
    1:18:14 Anyway, at the end of this conversation, because Rob, I felt who was in there
    1:18:16 and my wife was there and Jim Lee was there.
    1:18:20 Rob left because he had to go pick up his girlfriend.
    1:18:21 So that was classic Rob.
    1:18:25 Like, oh, you guys just finished this world changing conversation.
    1:18:28 I go get my wife and got to grab a burger.
    1:18:32 So, and this is why I like Rob so much because he’s just, he’s by the cuff
    1:18:34 and it’s what makes him special to me.
    1:18:38 Anyways, we get in the elevator at the end of this conversation
    1:18:42 and I will never forget the words.
    1:18:45 Has the elevator doors are closing just like in a movie.
    1:18:49 The doors are closing and you can see the editor-in-chief looking at us
    1:18:54 and he says, hey, if it doesn’t work, you’re welcome back.
    1:18:59 And the door shut and I remember turning to Jim Lee.
    1:19:04 Now, just to give a little background on Jim Lee, Jim Lee went to college
    1:19:05 to become a doctor.
    1:19:06 I think his dad’s a doctor.
    1:19:09 This is a smart, intelligent human being.
    1:19:13 And for me, my dad, who you just heard, was in the printing business
    1:19:14 for 40, 50 years.
    1:19:17 The one thing that I knew, it’s printing.
    1:19:19 And if not, I knew lots of people who did.
    1:19:24 So the doors closed and I looked at Jim and I go, oh, my God,
    1:19:27 they think we’re dumb and I’m not that we’re smart.
    1:19:30 Tim, not that we’re smart, Tim, but you know what printing comic books
    1:19:33 is ink on paper.
    1:19:38 That’s it, ladies and gentlemen, ink on paper done.
    1:19:42 Maybe there’s a couple of details beyond that, but that’s it.
    1:19:45 Every time you pick up a pen and you write on a piece of paper,
    1:19:47 it’s sort of kind of like doing comic books.
    1:19:50 It’s just if you keep going and draw it in the shape of Spider-Man
    1:19:52 or the Hulk, you got a comic book.
    1:19:55 It’s not rocket science.
    1:19:58 And so I was like, oh, my God, they don’t think we can print.
    1:19:59 Oh, my God.
    1:20:01 So that was it.
    1:20:05 And from there, the collective whole of the seven of us left.
    1:20:09 Here’s sort of this silly, funny part of the rest of that day.
    1:20:14 Historically, what was happening, Tim, is that if you quit Marvel,
    1:20:15 you only had one choice.
    1:20:18 You went literally across the street to DC Comics.
    1:20:22 Or if you quit DC Comics, you quit and you walked across the street
    1:20:23 to Marvel. That’s all you did.
    1:20:26 You literally ping-ponged your whole career back and forth, back
    1:20:27 and forth.
    1:20:29 Whenever you got mad, you just went to the other date.
    1:20:30 There was across the street.
    1:20:34 So we went across the street to DC Comics books.
    1:20:38 And DC sees, I had started, you know, I had done about a year,
    1:20:39 a year and a half there.
    1:20:42 Rob Lifout had done a year there.
    1:20:44 But Jim Lee and I walk in there.
    1:20:48 Jim Lee has never stepped foot in DC Comics books.
    1:20:51 And he’s the golden child at Marvel.
    1:20:54 And they just go, there’s only one reason he’s in the office.
    1:20:59 Somebody got mad and we’re getting the golden child and we’re getting
    1:21:00 Todd, we’ll take the bad boy too.
    1:21:03 Cause he’s like, that’s, these are the number one and number two
    1:21:05 selling guys in the industry.
    1:21:08 Woo, we hit the mother load, the mother.
    1:21:08 Oh my God.
    1:21:14 And quickly they assemble 15, 16 people in this room and they pour
    1:21:16 the coffee and they get us the refreshments.
    1:21:21 And they just go, oh my goodness, we are sitting here and we sit down
    1:21:23 and then they hear the fateful words.
    1:21:27 I go, Hey guys, just so you know, we’re not here to work for you.
    1:21:28 I just couple of things.
    1:21:29 We just quit Marvel.
    1:21:32 Their eyes light up, but we are not here to work for you either.
    1:21:36 You could just see the lead balloon and then we’re like, pardon.
    1:21:39 And it’s like, no, no, no, we’re not here to work for you.
    1:21:41 So, and you can just see the, so we’re just clay her.
    1:21:47 So you came here with Jim Lee and walked into our offices and are
    1:21:52 now dangling and teasing us and saying it’s for nothing.
    1:21:54 That’s exactly what we’re saying.
    1:21:56 Wow.
    1:21:57 Wow.
    1:21:58 Why would you guys do that?
    1:22:02 And I go, well, because you know, we got some other plans and then
    1:22:03 then they start giving their sales pitch.
    1:22:05 Well, here’s why you should work for us.
    1:22:06 Don’t do that.
    1:22:09 DC is your place to be DC, DC, DC.
    1:22:12 And they go, and by the way, we just did a new contract that’s
    1:22:14 for the betterment of the creative community.
    1:22:18 And then I asked them the question for me that was like the dagger
    1:22:21 for me where they go, Hey, you don’t know, that was super cool.
    1:22:22 That was super, super cool.
    1:22:25 You wrote up that new contract for the creative community.
    1:22:28 Could I just ask you just like one, one, one question here just
    1:22:29 before we get going.
    1:22:34 Did you ask one fucking creator to have any input in that contract
    1:22:37 that is to better the creative community?
    1:22:40 Did you ask one single creator?
    1:22:44 And let me tell you, Tim, when you get pregnant pauses in rooms,
    1:22:46 it’s all you need to know.
    1:22:48 You get your answer at the pregnant pause.
    1:22:50 Of course they didn’t.
    1:22:51 Of course they didn’t.
    1:22:53 And that was the reason.
    1:22:55 This is why we’re quitting Marvel.
    1:23:02 This is why we’re quitting DC because of your disregard for your community.
    1:23:08 And Jim and I are examples and we’ve climbed the top of the ladder just
    1:23:12 like Jack King Kirby and all those hundreds before him.
    1:23:17 This is just a repeat of history and it’s time.
    1:23:20 And we thought that that was it.
    1:23:24 And that was when the collective whole, not me, the collective
    1:23:26 whole, the seven of us started image comics.
    1:23:31 So the DC visit, I’m trying to think of the names involved.
    1:23:34 Was there anyone who is quitting DC or did you just go in there
    1:23:38 to put them on alert and say, No, we put them on alert and gave
    1:23:40 them the same sort of speech we gave Marvel.
    1:23:45 If you think that the dissatisfaction of the seven of us is unique
    1:23:47 to the seven of us, you guys are blind.
    1:23:48 I see.
    1:23:52 So it was a change your ways or become a fatality.
    1:23:56 Every conversation is the exact same.
    1:24:01 And if we prove that there’s any success on the outside of the only
    1:24:05 two bubbles that exist in most freelancers sort of brains, which is
    1:24:08 Marvel DC or you get another job.
    1:24:10 And I mean another job in another industry.
    1:24:16 So if we if we move on and we create a third possibility, why do that?
    1:24:23 Now, to their credit, let me say, Tim, to their credit, they did start changing.
    1:24:28 They did start bettering pay and, you know, even starting to give medical,
    1:24:33 which was never a part of the equation and giving bonuses and being
    1:24:39 a little more fair minded on royalties because they knew that what
    1:24:43 we were saying at some point that reality sunk in, that we could start
    1:24:49 losing almost all of our top talent, if not a big portion of our talent period.
    1:24:52 And this isn’t good for business.
    1:24:57 So even those that were jealous or in our creative community and or
    1:25:02 thought that we were crazies or whatever, they still, whether
    1:25:05 they know it or not prospered by us leaving because all their contracts
    1:25:09 got upgraded while they were still throwing darts at us, our own
    1:25:12 community, as you can imagine, saying, you guys go take your big egos
    1:25:13 and go do your thing.
    1:25:14 Okay.
    1:25:15 So I just came back from a bathroom break.
    1:25:18 You mentioned before we started recording, you had a camel bladder
    1:25:21 and that you talk until I had to take a bathroom break, which was true.
    1:25:25 So how is a camel bladder a competitive advantage?
    1:25:26 It is.
    1:25:28 And so because people go, so what?
    1:25:28 So why?
    1:25:30 So you don’t go to the bathroom.
    1:25:34 I mean, I went to a signing not long ago and I got there at seven
    1:25:37 and then I signed from seven in the morning to midnight and I didn’t
    1:25:39 move from the desk where I was signing.
    1:25:43 And they had to now again, other human, other human beings had to
    1:25:44 eat and go to the bathroom.
    1:25:48 So I, so I go, you better have two teams and you’re going to have to rotate
    1:25:48 them.
    1:25:50 Let me just sort of quickly get out of the way.
    1:25:54 First, how you cannot go to the bathroom for 17 hours.
    1:25:56 It’s really sort of easy stuff.
    1:25:59 If you don’t put anything into your top hole, nothing comes out of
    1:26:00 any of the bottom holes, right?
    1:26:01 Just, it’s just basic.
    1:26:04 So I don’t eat and I don’t drink.
    1:26:07 That’s a whole nother conversation, but like they’re going, what, what,
    1:26:08 how do you do that?
    1:26:09 That’s another conversation.
    1:26:13 But if you don’t put anything, nothing in, nothing out, simple, easy.
    1:26:17 And I know this to be scientifically true because I’ve used it to my advantage.
    1:26:21 Now, because I have a camel bladder, two things have happened in my career
    1:26:22 that I think have been advantageous.
    1:26:25 One, everybody when I go to the conventions would have to go and
    1:26:26 take a lunch break.
    1:26:26 Why?
    1:26:28 Because they’re hungry.
    1:26:29 They’re hungry.
    1:26:32 My wife would tell you, I have never uttered those words.
    1:26:32 I’m hungry.
    1:26:35 I eat because science says I need to.
    1:26:36 My body needs fuel.
    1:26:40 So I put it in not because I’m hungry because I have to.
    1:26:42 It’s an essential ingredient food.
    1:26:46 So I do it, but I can outlast you if you got to go away.
    1:26:50 So people would take off at conventions and go away for lunch or bathroom
    1:26:51 breaks or whatever.
    1:26:52 Guess who didn’t?
    1:26:54 Me.
    1:26:57 And here’s why that matters because there’s people in line.
    1:27:00 And if you’ve got at the time of our popularity, when they used to open it up,
    1:27:04 you’d have at times I’m telling you literally thousands of people in line
    1:27:05 waiting for your autograph.
    1:27:10 First off, in good conscience, I can’t have somebody waiting in line for two
    1:27:13 hours, three hours, and then look at them and say, cut.
    1:27:15 I’m going for an hour and a half lunch break.
    1:27:17 And the kids going, what?
    1:27:18 I’ve really been in line for three hours.
    1:27:19 Like I can’t do it.
    1:27:20 I can’t look at somebody in the eye.
    1:27:21 I won’t do it.
    1:27:27 So I said, no, I’ll just figure out how to not do this thing that most humans do.
    1:27:28 And here’s where the upside is.
    1:27:33 Is it when all my peers have gone to lunch, then people were waiting in line
    1:27:36 and then they’re just sitting there going, well, that guy’s still signing.
    1:27:36 What’s his name?
    1:27:39 Todd, Tom, Tim, whatever.
    1:27:39 What’s he do?
    1:27:40 Spider-Man.
    1:27:42 Well, I like comic books.
    1:27:42 I know Spider-Man.
    1:27:44 And guess what happens, Tim?
    1:27:45 They’d get in your line.
    1:27:48 They don’t care really at that point about you.
    1:27:49 They just go, he’s signing.
    1:27:50 The line’s moving.
    1:27:51 I’ll get in his line.
    1:27:52 And then they come up.
    1:27:54 You’ve got 20 seconds.
    1:27:56 You become as gracious as you can to them.
    1:28:00 And maybe you peel off and you’ve got a new couple of fans.
    1:28:04 And all of a sudden it’s like, you know, I only collect X-Men, but you know, that
    1:28:07 Todd was a gentleman and he was very nice and he smiled at me.
    1:28:08 He was very kind.
    1:28:12 You know, maybe I’ll go buy one of his Spider-Man books or, you know, in the
    1:28:13 future, his Spawn books.
    1:28:14 And so that’s it.
    1:28:15 Good, right?
    1:28:18 I’ll always be nice to anybody, no matter who they are.
    1:28:23 Number two on the business end, and this one is sadly even easier.
    1:28:25 And it’s just pathetic at times.
    1:28:30 I live in Phoenix, Arizona, and Phoenix, Arizona can be 110 degrees.
    1:28:31 Let me tell you, I’m like a cockroach.
    1:28:33 I don’t care what the weather is.
    1:28:34 I’ll survive.
    1:28:35 Don’t worry about me.
    1:28:36 I’m good.
    1:28:37 But here’s what I know about other people.
    1:28:39 They have comfort zones.
    1:28:44 And so whenever I was in some big legal dispute or contract dispute, I would say,
    1:28:46 especially the people in LA, I go, you fly them to me.
    1:28:47 You fly them to me.
    1:28:50 Now this is just the art of war.
    1:28:54 So my desk is facing a big giant glass window, right?
    1:28:57 And I know when the sun comes down that window.
    1:29:02 Now, usually when I’m in my room, I bring down the drapes and I put up the AC and
    1:29:03 I’m comfortable.
    1:29:07 But when the enemy is coming, i.e., the people I’ve got to negotiate with come,
    1:29:13 I make sure that the blinds are up and that I turn the air conditioning so that
    1:29:15 it’s actually stuffy in that room.
    1:29:16 Because why?
    1:29:17 I can endure it.
    1:29:18 I’ve done it plenty of times.
    1:29:22 And then they always come dressed in a three-piece suit.
    1:29:24 Wrong move, guys.
    1:29:24 Wrong move.
    1:29:28 And then they come in and they come into the room and I closed the door and I know
    1:29:29 it’s going to get stuffy.
    1:29:33 And then I put a giant pitcher of water in front of them.
    1:29:42 And then I uttered the words, guys, this has been going on far, far too long.
    1:29:43 Here’s the deal.
    1:29:49 We’re not leaving this room until we settle every single outstanding point.
    1:29:56 And during those conversations, they either pour their own water on a constant
    1:29:59 basis because they’ve got their three-piece wool suit on.
    1:30:03 I’ve got my t-shirt and I’m in my Nike shorts.
    1:30:09 And I can just see them getting hotter and hotter and hotter.
    1:30:11 And they keep having to get more and more water.
    1:30:13 And at some point, nature calls.
    1:30:18 And then we get down to the last one and I go, I’m not moving on point 10.
    1:30:19 I’m not moving.
    1:30:19 It’s a deal break.
    1:30:21 If I don’t get it, this whole deal.
    1:30:25 And you know how many times I’ve had people in my room go, fine.
    1:30:26 This is how it works.
    1:30:27 It goes like this time.
    1:30:28 Fine.
    1:30:29 You can have point 10.
    1:30:30 Are we done?
    1:30:30 Yes.
    1:30:31 Are we done?
    1:30:31 Yes.
    1:30:32 Where’s your bathroom?
    1:30:35 The very next thing is where’s your bathroom?
    1:30:43 Because I think in my mind that they literally came in on the 10th point because
    1:30:45 they couldn’t hold it anymore.
    1:30:49 And if they could have held it, they could have argued longer with me.
    1:30:53 And perhaps I might have conceded or we could have compromised on that point.
    1:30:56 But their bladder cost them too bad.
    1:30:58 How sad, right?
    1:31:01 You find your, you find your advantages, wherever you can get them.
    1:31:04 Oh, McFarlane the Barbarian.
    1:31:05 What a savage.
    1:31:06 Nice work.
    1:31:08 So let’s come back to Venom.
    1:31:12 You mentioned that Venom came together, I think as an accident.
    1:31:14 Maybe the was the phrasing that you use.
    1:31:16 I mean, this is an iconic character known the world over.
    1:31:17 Happy accident.
    1:31:18 Yeah.
    1:31:19 So how, how did it come together?
    1:31:25 So we’ll go back early in my Marvel career, like I said early in the podcast.
    1:31:28 So if you can keep deadlines, that’s a giant value in that industry.
    1:31:31 So I was showing them that I could keep deadlines.
    1:31:34 So I knew then that that was going to be getting me continuous work.
    1:31:41 So once you get continuous work, the next upgrade is can you draw characters
    1:31:43 that people have heard of, right?
    1:31:48 So because the first job I got at Marvel was on a book and it was
    1:31:49 like an obscure book.
    1:31:52 It was called Steve Engelhardt’s Coyote and it wasn’t even Coyote.
    1:31:55 I was doing a backup in the Coyote.
    1:31:57 I was doing an obscure backup in an obscure book.
    1:32:00 It literally was starting in the mail room.
    1:32:05 But eventually I got a steady job over DC because they cancel Coyote.
    1:32:08 And I got a, I got a monthly book over DC.
    1:32:13 Unfortunately, Tim, and this is where sometimes one person’s break
    1:32:15 is another person’s tragedy.
    1:32:19 An artist on another book who was a fit human being with super awesome
    1:32:23 artists, I followed him, was a health freak, drank some unpasteurized milk,
    1:32:26 went into a seizure and had an allergic reaction and died.
    1:32:32 And so I get a phone call and they go, Hey, Todd, my artist just passed
    1:32:32 away.
    1:32:35 Can you come on and help us for a couple of months?
    1:32:38 And I, at that point, they had canceled Coyote.
    1:32:40 I literally took me years to get in.
    1:32:43 I was employed for four months and then they canceled Coyote.
    1:32:48 And I’m like, man, so I sent my samples back to all the people that were
    1:32:52 gracious enough to give me constructive criticism, except for a thing
    1:32:53 changed on the resume, Tim.
    1:32:57 I was now able to say, um, I am Todd McFarland, the professional
    1:32:59 from Marvel comic books.
    1:33:00 The drawing was exactly the same.
    1:33:01 It only been four months.
    1:33:05 It was just as horrible as it was four months earlier, except for
    1:33:08 instead of being an amateur, I got to go now into the smaller pile,
    1:33:11 which is the professionals looking for work pile.
    1:33:13 So I get the job.
    1:33:15 I go, yeah, I get, I’ve got some work.
    1:33:18 The guy who was supposed to take over that book, because I was only
    1:33:21 supposed to fill in for two months, decided to bail.
    1:33:25 So after the first issue, they said, do you want to take over the book?
    1:33:28 It was a book called Infinity Incorporated and I stayed on the book
    1:33:29 for two, three years.
    1:33:32 So when I went over to Marvel, they went, okay, you can keep a deadline.
    1:33:33 Check.
    1:33:38 The question is you got to stop doing, and here’s a bizarre thing that was
    1:33:39 happening at Marvel at that point.
    1:33:43 You got to stop doing what they called, they dubbed the big, your big
    1:33:45 dice drawing style.
    1:33:48 And the only reason it was called that because on one page in
    1:33:52 Infinity Incorporated, I drew this page layout and it was these big
    1:33:52 giant dice.
    1:33:56 And then I did panels inside drawings inside the big dice and
    1:33:59 somebody, I guess, in editorial saw that page.
    1:34:01 And so it was like, oh, he’s the big giant dice guy.
    1:34:07 And the reason I was doing giant dice and doing all these crazy flamboyant
    1:34:13 layouts in Infinity Incorporated, because Tim, my drawing was mediocre.
    1:34:14 I knew that.
    1:34:17 Like at some point you got to be realistic about your skills.
    1:34:19 I was mediocre and I had two choices.
    1:34:26 I could either put mediocre drawings and boring layout or I could be
    1:34:30 flamboyant and baffle them with my BS and get them to look at all this
    1:34:34 sort of window trimming and not sort of pay attention that maybe I’m
    1:34:36 drawing my eyes crooked, right?
    1:34:38 And it worked and it worked.
    1:34:39 So people are like, oh my gosh.
    1:34:43 And so by the time I left Infinity, I think I had risen to the point
    1:34:47 that I was like, voted the fifth most popular pencil at that point.
    1:34:48 So I’m like, wow.
    1:34:52 So I go over to Marvel and then they say, which was weird because Marvel
    1:34:53 was always the house of ideas.
    1:34:56 And at this point they were in, they had flopped with DC and they
    1:34:57 were, they were boring.
    1:35:02 And they said, you can come, but you can’t do the giant dice style.
    1:35:03 And I go, so what do you want me to do?
    1:35:05 And I go, we just want you to do like a grid.
    1:35:08 Now, let me just tell you, anybody listen, that means you take a piece
    1:35:12 of paper and you divide it into six equal, equal panels and you go.
    1:35:15 It is the most boring, easiest thing to do.
    1:35:19 So essentially they took a guy like me who I thought was an artistic
    1:35:22 sprinter and they said, could you put lead boots on?
    1:35:25 Shoot, this is going to be easy, right?
    1:35:28 I don’t know why you want to do it, but it was frustrating because
    1:35:31 there was no artistic freedom to do it.
    1:35:32 So I did it.
    1:35:35 They give me the first job back at Marvel and they go, hey, problem.
    1:35:37 You usually have 30 days to do a book, right?
    1:35:40 Once a month, but we got, we’re behind the eight ball.
    1:35:42 We can give you this job, but you only got 10 days.
    1:35:43 I gave it to him and eight.
    1:35:44 Was it my best job?
    1:35:45 Of course it wasn’t.
    1:35:47 But was it done in eight?
    1:35:47 Yeah.
    1:35:51 Did it get me brownie points right on the spot?
    1:35:52 They were amazed.
    1:35:53 I gave it to him in eight days.
    1:35:54 Boom.
    1:35:57 Within weeks, they’re offering me the Incredible Hulk.
    1:36:01 Now, once you get the Incredible Hulk, this is the next step in climbing
    1:36:02 the ladder all of a sudden.
    1:36:07 Look, I’d been in the business probably two, three, four years at that point.
    1:36:10 And when I get the Incredible Hulk, finally I hear the words from my mom
    1:36:12 and dad, oh my God, you finally made it.
    1:36:16 And the reason was because they had heard of the Hulk, right?
    1:36:19 And so up to then everything I was doing was like, I don’t know
    1:36:20 if he’s ever going to make it.
    1:36:22 I was still working at Marvel and DC.
    1:36:23 It just wasn’t for books.
    1:36:27 But if you can go to the neighbor’s, you know, Halloween party and say,
    1:36:30 my son draws the Hulk, they’ve heard of the word Hulk too.
    1:36:33 So all of a sudden it’s like, oh my gosh, your son, he must be good.
    1:36:37 So it’s important to have characters that know because it helps
    1:36:40 the relatives in your circle sort of think that you’re a bigger
    1:36:43 shot than you are, even though it’s the exact same amount of work
    1:36:45 and the same pay on top of it.
    1:36:51 So, okay, so you get to the next step and now you’re going, ha, now
    1:36:54 you’re just fighting for the next step up.
    1:36:57 And I’ll quickly sort of get you to this.
    1:36:59 And I know I’m long winded and all your questions.
    1:37:00 I wish I was better.
    1:37:02 That I I’m into it.
    1:37:05 Okay, so I do the I do the Hulk.
    1:37:08 I’m doing penciling and then I go, I’m going to do inking because
    1:37:10 at this point I got fast enough that I could do two books.
    1:37:12 There weren’t too many people that could do two books.
    1:37:13 I was doing two books.
    1:37:15 So they give me a second book.
    1:37:18 The same editor who gave me the Incredible Hulk gives me another
    1:37:20 book is called GI Joe real American hero.
    1:37:21 Right.
    1:37:24 Now the thing that’s sort of ironic about that is I was living up in
    1:37:25 Canada, right?
    1:37:29 Never really sort of I was going, wow, if they only knew that this Canadian
    1:37:33 and I’m Canadian up here in Canada drawing their real American heroes.
    1:37:35 This might be a bit of a problem, but nobody’s going to tell.
    1:37:36 There was no internet.
    1:37:38 So I did it.
    1:37:43 The first issue of GI Joe and I was doing the Hulk and I get a phone
    1:37:46 call and I was going back and forth with this writer and it was we
    1:37:47 were bashing heads.
    1:37:50 Every single page of that.
    1:37:53 And finally, after the first issue, my editor phones up and says,
    1:37:55 Todd, I’ve got to let you go.
    1:37:57 I’m like one issue.
    1:37:58 I’m one issue in the GI Joe.
    1:38:01 I’m making my marks on the Hulk.
    1:38:04 I’m now in the top three of some of the voting artistically.
    1:38:07 And I go, what are you going to fire me?
    1:38:11 But let me just tell you it was a relief because it was such a pain for
    1:38:17 that one month and that my view of comic books and the writer’s view of
    1:38:20 comic books were so diametrically opposed.
    1:38:22 Where did you guys clash on that?
    1:38:24 What kind of decisions or what type of stuff?
    1:38:27 He probably sees it a little bit differently, but I’ll just
    1:38:28 show you, give him my point of view.
    1:38:31 I assume the people that were reading the comic books had eyes and brains.
    1:38:36 He assumed from my perspective, they didn’t because he said it.
    1:38:40 Assume your reader isn’t his words.
    1:38:40 Not mine.
    1:38:45 Assume the reader is an aboriginal Bushman and he just came out of the
    1:38:49 tundra in Australia and he’s never seen a comic book.
    1:38:54 Your storytelling must be that clear, which basically meant you can’t
    1:38:58 have somebody walk into a house and then cut to them inside the house
    1:39:00 or even closing the door on the inside.
    1:39:04 You have to grab the door, open the door, walk in the room
    1:39:08 because and I just want I just want Larry.
    1:39:10 I guess I see the world differently.
    1:39:15 I assume silly me that the people reading the comic books, watch
    1:39:19 fucking TV, go to movies, read books.
    1:39:22 They understand how stories are told.
    1:39:27 And as a matter of fact, on a movie, when you cut scenes, they don’t
    1:39:30 even have a caption in ninety nine point nine percent of the time.
    1:39:35 So people just know that it’s different people in a different setting.
    1:39:36 It must be a scene cut.
    1:39:38 You don’t have to do it.
    1:39:41 But anyways, he had his way of seeing the world.
    1:39:43 I had my way of seeing the world.
    1:39:44 Fine.
    1:39:44 No big deal.
    1:39:45 Got it.
    1:39:47 So he fires me off it.
    1:39:52 And I remember I was sitting in my apartment up in Vancouver and I lean
    1:39:55 back and I looked at the clock and it was like twelve oh six.
    1:39:59 And I was like a little bit bomb come like, man, I never been never been fired.
    1:39:59 Right.
    1:40:02 So it’s like, oh, man, it twelve fourteen.
    1:40:05 Bring I am telling you no lie.
    1:40:06 Seven minutes.
    1:40:08 I was unemployed for seven minutes.
    1:40:11 Bring Todd.
    1:40:11 Yeah.
    1:40:13 Hey, this is Dip Giordano over at D.C.
    1:40:15 Now remember, I’d left D.C. to go back over to Marvel.
    1:40:19 Remember when you left, you said the only reason you would come back is
    1:40:20 to draw Batman.
    1:40:21 Yeah.
    1:40:24 Well, we’ve got this book.
    1:40:27 First, there was Batman the Dark Knight.
    1:40:28 Then there was Batman year one.
    1:40:30 And they had another project called Batman year two.
    1:40:33 We’ve got a book called Batman year two.
    1:40:37 It’s a four part story and the artists quit after the first one.
    1:40:38 Can you finish the last three?
    1:40:42 What like what you’re saying?
    1:40:45 I my choice right now is either stay on, which I didn’t have an option,
    1:40:46 but stay on G.I.
    1:40:50 Joe just got fired from that was basically like putting daggers in my eyes
    1:40:54 or do Batman and that was the only character I’d come back for.
    1:40:57 So I jump on Batman year two.
    1:41:02 Now, it gets a little crazier by that point because because at this
    1:41:04 point, I was only being the pencil artist.
    1:41:08 And in comic books, they bring in another person who is the anchor.
    1:41:10 Some people call him the tracer.
    1:41:11 It’s not true.
    1:41:13 Good anchors add a lot to pages.
    1:41:18 I thought I had my drawing style is what I would call sort of this
    1:41:20 new wave 90 style.
    1:41:26 And I was constantly getting anchors that were like these 1960s
    1:41:27 old school brush guys.
    1:41:31 I was drawing in a way that I thought you should be using a pen
    1:41:33 because there’s a different technique with it.
    1:41:35 And they kept putting brush guys on me.
    1:41:39 And it was so transforming like you like they literally would
    1:41:41 bury the artwork from if you saw what I was drawing.
    1:41:42 You saw the printed page.
    1:41:45 It was like to me night and day.
    1:41:49 So I do this part two of Batman year two.
    1:41:50 Then I do part three.
    1:41:52 And then they send me the samples.
    1:41:55 And I finally, again, another one of those moments in my life with
    1:42:00 clarity that I look at it and I see the splash page and the splash
    1:42:04 page has a commissioner Gordon and he’s holding the gun.
    1:42:06 And to me, it looks hairy, right?
    1:42:07 I go, it’s metallic.
    1:42:08 Why is it looking hairy?
    1:42:14 And it’s because the anchor was doing these lines that work for him.
    1:42:14 I guess.
    1:42:19 And then I looked at like another panel and it was the hallway.
    1:42:23 And when you’re doing like a downshot of a hallway, you the
    1:42:26 line to get closer, it’s basically perspective.
    1:42:29 I won’t bore people, but it’s just the illusion of depth.
    1:42:32 And I done all these drawings or these lines to give that illusion
    1:42:34 and they were horizontal.
    1:42:37 And then I looked at the panel and he had done the exact same thing.
    1:42:40 It was brilliant, except for he did them vertically.
    1:42:41 And it was these moments.
    1:42:47 And so it wasn’t that one was better than the other, right?
    1:42:48 They both work.
    1:42:52 It was again, I just sort of try to get as simple as possible.
    1:42:56 The reason and I don’t know if anybody sort of could understand this
    1:43:03 concept, but the reason I made them go up and down vertically was
    1:43:06 because silly me, I fucking wanted them to go up and down vertically
    1:43:11 because if I had wanted them to go horizontally, which was another
    1:43:13 option, I would have drawn them.
    1:43:19 I can draw horizontal lines equally as well has vertical lines.
    1:43:24 The reason they were vertical because I must have meant horizontal.
    1:43:26 That’s why I did like, what are you talking about?
    1:43:31 Just copy the lines and do your thing with the lines that are there.
    1:43:37 And so I phone the editor and I go, Hey, Denny, I don’t mean to do this
    1:43:39 to you because you already lost one artist and I don’t mean to do
    1:43:41 power play because I don’t like doing that.
    1:43:43 I don’t want to be that guy, but here’s the gig.
    1:43:48 If I can’t ink the last chapter of this book and let me be completely
    1:43:50 honest, I’ve never inked before.
    1:43:51 So I’m a complete noob.
    1:43:53 I can’t do this.
    1:43:57 I can’t have people literally going in the opposite direction of my artwork.
    1:43:58 I can’t do it.
    1:44:01 So he kind of was in a tough spot.
    1:44:04 He was like, oh, okay, fine, Todd, can you get it done by the deadline?
    1:44:05 Yeah, sure.
    1:44:07 So I did my first thinking.
    1:44:10 So thanks to all those anchors for turning me into an anchor.
    1:44:13 And from there on out, I was my own anchor.
    1:44:14 I started inking the Hulk.
    1:44:18 If you look at it, I went back to my editor on the Hulk and I go, well,
    1:44:20 they let me ink the Batman.
    1:44:23 And so he’s like, oh, okay, I guess you can ink the Hulk.
    1:44:26 And so, and now I’m going to eventually get to your question about venom.
    1:44:27 So it was a long winded way.
    1:44:28 Sorry.
    1:44:29 Eventually.
    1:44:29 That’s okay.
    1:44:31 Let me pause you for just a, just a quick sec.
    1:44:35 So for people who have no context on your art, I mean, very fine details.
    1:44:41 And when you’re talking about the older school inking, lots of thick black,
    1:44:43 I mean, lots of maybe obscuring.
    1:44:44 You simplify it.
    1:44:44 Yeah.
    1:44:46 So you simplify it.
    1:44:46 Right.
    1:44:52 And so, so when you went from penciling to I need to ink this or I’m out,
    1:44:57 what were the biggest differences between penciling and inking?
    1:45:02 As someone who’s never inked, I’d be curious to know what you learned or felt
    1:45:04 or if it just mapped over really easily.
    1:45:06 What was it like to do your first inking?
    1:45:11 Hey, Tim, here’s the first shock that my sometimes my enthusiasm gets the better
    1:45:15 of me and there’s nobody that hates Todd more than Todd at times.
    1:45:18 Cause it’s like, what are you doing, Todd?
    1:45:20 So then I learned the magic.
    1:45:23 I’m now going to do two jobs, right?
    1:45:26 If you, if you pencil a book, you get 30 days.
    1:45:30 If you ink a book, like I pencil it, they give me 30 days.
    1:45:33 Then they hand the pages to you, Tim, you ink it, you get 30 days.
    1:45:38 If I want to pencil and ink, they don’t give me 30 plus 30.
    1:45:39 Right.
    1:45:40 There’s two of us.
    1:45:42 It’s 30 plus 30.
    1:45:43 I get 30, you get 30.
    1:45:46 They’re going, you can do two jobs, Todd, but you still only got 30 days.
    1:45:52 Essentially, you’re doing twice the work and you have to do it twice as fast
    1:45:53 because the book still comes out.
    1:45:58 And so lesson learned, if you’re going to pick up more work, you might
    1:46:01 want to ask how much extra time do you have?
    1:46:05 And when the answer is zero, you might want to rethink your ask.
    1:46:10 So because eventually I got to the point going, I’m going to write
    1:46:11 my own stories too, right?
    1:46:15 And that extra time also is zero.
    1:46:18 So, but that comes a little bit later in the career.
    1:46:22 So the first shock is I’ve now got to go faster.
    1:46:27 What it taught me personally, because now I’m doing two books
    1:46:27 and I’m inking, right?
    1:46:30 I like, so I’m a bit of a unicorn at this point because very few people
    1:46:36 can even pencil two book was I had to create for myself efficiencies.
    1:46:39 And this goes into business now, right?
    1:46:42 And even though we’re doing art, this is just efficiencies.
    1:46:46 So I do the efficiency and I go, I don’t have time to do a lot of
    1:46:48 what they call underdrawing.
    1:46:50 I got to literally draw with ink.
    1:46:52 I don’t have time to do the job twice.
    1:46:54 I can’t pencil and then ink my own work.
    1:46:59 I have to do it all in one fell swoop, which is horrifying to people
    1:47:03 who’ve never inked themselves because every person I’ve shown
    1:47:06 amongst some amazing peers, among some amazing peers.
    1:47:10 When they see what my process is, they go, I can’t even make out
    1:47:12 what’s on your page.
    1:47:13 And I go, that’s okay.
    1:47:16 I just kind of finish it with the ink and I go, no, no, no, no, no,
    1:47:17 no, you can’t go with the ink.
    1:47:18 I’m like, why?
    1:47:18 Because it’s permanent.
    1:47:21 I’m like, what if you make a mistake?
    1:47:23 There’s a thing called whiteout.
    1:47:26 You just white it out and they’re going.
    1:47:27 Yeah, but what if you make another mistake?
    1:47:28 I just use whiteout.
    1:47:30 Let me ask you a question in reverse.
    1:47:32 What happens if you draw on pencil and you make mistake?
    1:47:33 Oh, I just use an eraser.
    1:47:36 Well, why can you use an eraser and I can’t use whiteout?
    1:47:37 It’s the same thing.
    1:47:38 Yeah, but it’s ink.
    1:47:42 It literally was this mental wall for people.
    1:47:45 And these are people that I would sit next to at a convention
    1:47:49 that would do 20 sketches with a pencil and never erase one line.
    1:47:51 And I used to turn to them go, why couldn’t you?
    1:47:53 Why couldn’t you’ve done that with ink?
    1:47:54 And their answer was always the same.
    1:47:55 What if I made a mistake?
    1:47:56 You didn’t.
    1:47:58 I’ve been watching you for four hours.
    1:47:59 You haven’t made one mistake.
    1:48:03 Why is it if I changed the tool that somehow you’re going to make a mistake?
    1:48:04 But you know what?
    1:48:05 You do you.
    1:48:06 I’ll do my thing.
    1:48:12 And so I had to just pull back the drawing and figure it out kind of in one
    1:48:14 step so I could keep the deadline.
    1:48:16 That was my learning experience.
    1:48:19 Now question number two, did I hit the ground running?
    1:48:20 Of course I didn’t.
    1:48:21 Of course I didn’t.
    1:48:26 But if you look at my inking at the beginning, it’s very, very crude.
    1:48:29 And even on Spider-Man, which is the book that catapult me, if you look at the
    1:48:34 thickness of the webs on his costume, you will see a noticeable difference.
    1:48:39 I think from issue 300 when I started inking Spider-Man.
    1:48:44 And if you look at like about issue 320 for sure, by the time I get in the new
    1:48:48 Spider-Man book that I’m drawing for sure, there’s a dramatic difference visually.
    1:48:51 So I was constantly learning that trade.
    1:48:55 It was Todd, the professional who’d been penciling for five, six years and Todd,
    1:48:59 the newbie inker, I wasn’t going to be a five or six year vet inking.
    1:49:00 I was a new inker.
    1:49:04 So I had to learn that trade and catch up those five or six years that the
    1:49:08 other half of my brain had already sort of tackled with penciling.
    1:49:09 So go ahead.
    1:49:12 So I, because eventually now this is going to get me to Venom.
    1:49:13 Yeah, to Venom.
    1:49:14 Okay.
    1:49:18 So very quickly, so then I finished the Batman project and now I’m back down
    1:49:20 to only one book so I can do two books.
    1:49:25 And so again, I, I’m looking for another book and all the editors at Marvel said,
    1:49:27 Hey, yeah, yeah, yeah, you don’t come and talk to me, but whatever you do,
    1:49:32 don’t go into the Spider-Man office because it’s a shambles.
    1:49:38 Now you may or may not have gathered that Todd doesn’t seem to color
    1:49:40 inside the lines a lot of the times.
    1:49:46 And so you don’t tell me don’t go into that office, right?
    1:49:48 Cause to me, unless you want Todd to go into the office.
    1:49:49 Yeah, what are you guys doing?
    1:49:54 So I went, I went into the office and it was, it was he, the editor,
    1:49:59 Jim Salkrup at that time, good man, was losing and turning over artists.
    1:50:01 The books were in a bit of a sales decline.
    1:50:05 Like I said, when I picked up the book, it was like at number 2122.
    1:50:09 And I said, Hey, I can do another book and we had a chat.
    1:50:14 And I said, I want to ink the book and then they’re like, well, you know,
    1:50:17 maybe in a couple of months and I go on mink into Hulk, right?
    1:50:20 Come on, go talk to Bob, the editor on that book.
    1:50:23 And he’s like, well, you know, just give me a couple months.
    1:50:24 You, how about it starting at 300?
    1:50:28 You can ink the book and I’m like, yeah, okay, we’ll do it.
    1:50:33 But the other piece of it was just one other sort of slight problem.
    1:50:35 Spider-Man’s got a black costume.
    1:50:39 And this is this costume that was created and for this book called
    1:50:43 Secret Wars, which is the black costume with the white spider on it.
    1:50:46 And I go, that’s not Spider-Man to me.
    1:50:47 Maybe I’m just old school.
    1:50:51 Spider-Man’s that guy in the blue and the red with the webs on it, Spider-Man.
    1:50:56 So can we just get rid of that black costume and get back to Spider-Man?
    1:50:59 Then this is sort of the happy accident.
    1:51:04 He said, wow, you know, the editor in chief really likes the black costume.
    1:51:06 And I don’t think he’s going to go for that.
    1:51:08 So he’s not going to want to get rid of it.
    1:51:12 He had something to do with Secret Wars and, you know, they kind of digging it.
    1:51:16 And I went, oh, man, I just, I don’t want to draw Spider-Man a black costume.
    1:51:19 It’s like doing Batman and polka dots doesn’t make any sense to me.
    1:51:22 So what if I come back to you with some designs?
    1:51:24 We just ripped the costume off him.
    1:51:25 We put it on somebody.
    1:51:26 I create another character.
    1:51:28 Give it to the writers.
    1:51:29 We’ll just figure it out.
    1:51:32 And then we still have the black costume and then we can get the red and blue
    1:51:34 back on Peter Parker and that’s a win, win, win.
    1:51:36 And he was like, okay, that might work.
    1:51:37 So I go away.
    1:51:38 I do the drawing.
    1:51:41 The costume was alive.
    1:51:43 So I go, oh, it must be an alien.
    1:51:47 So I created this big, giant hulking alien and gave him the big eyes and the
    1:51:49 slobbering teeth.
    1:51:50 And to me, it was a gorilla.
    1:51:54 It’s like an alien gorilla and then the claws and everything else.
    1:51:56 And that was the design for Venom.
    1:51:59 Like here, we didn’t have a name at that point, but just go here.
    1:52:00 Here’s the new bad guy.
    1:52:00 Here it is.
    1:52:01 Go.
    1:52:03 And they looked at it and went, oh, that’s kind of cool.
    1:52:05 We’ll give it to the writer.
    1:52:06 And so they gave it to the writer.
    1:52:08 They cleared it through upper management.
    1:52:10 They said, yeah, yeah, yeah, that seems like a reasonable thing.
    1:52:14 The writer comes back to me and says, Todd, the guy is Eddie Brock.
    1:52:16 And I went, whoa, whoa, whoa.
    1:52:18 The writer’s name was David.
    1:52:21 Whoa, David, Eddie Brock, Eddie Brock’s a human.
    1:52:22 Did you see my design?
    1:52:24 Like information I could have used earlier.
    1:52:29 I would have designed it differently if I knew it was a human that I was
    1:52:30 putting the black costume on.
    1:52:32 But I sort of liked the design.
    1:52:37 I thought it was cool and it was giant and I thought that it would be more
    1:52:40 formidable for Spider-Man to go up against something that was way
    1:52:44 bigger than him than another human humanoid form.
    1:52:47 And this is sort of the geeky stuff that us creators go through.
    1:52:52 And so I said, but man, if Bruce Banner, little shit can turn into the Hulk,
    1:52:58 then by gosh, why can’t Eddie Brock somehow be buried in this costume somewhere?
    1:52:58 Right.
    1:53:00 So we never sort of wavered from it.
    1:53:08 Venom comes out, has a big play and issue 300 amazing Spider-Man 300 sales go crazy.
    1:53:12 We knew we had something on our hand because every time Venom kept coming back,
    1:53:16 the mail again, there was no internet, but the mail kept getting bigger and people
    1:53:18 were like, oh my gosh, oh my gosh, oh my gosh.
    1:53:24 And so now fast forward with hindsight and Venom is, you know, a worldwide
    1:53:27 brand, you know, made a billion dollars for Sony in a movie.
    1:53:29 So again, there’s the happy accident.
    1:53:33 And if you look at issue 300, if you want to go by it, it comes
    1:53:34 with a couple of things.
    1:53:35 One, it’s an anniversary book.
    1:53:36 Sales are going way up on it.
    1:53:40 One, it’s an anniversary book issue 300 amazing Spider-Man.
    1:53:40 Goodbye.
    1:53:45 Some of the very first early work of me on Spider-Man and my
    1:53:47 first inking job on Spider-Man.
    1:53:50 But more importantly, it’s the origin of Venom.
    1:53:53 And so for people, they spend hundreds of dollars.
    1:53:54 If you get these books, great.
    1:53:56 It’s thousands of dollars so you can get the origin of Venom.
    1:53:58 I don’t consider that book.
    1:54:00 If you were to ask me, is that the origin of Venom?
    1:54:02 No, it’s the issue.
    1:54:05 How do we get that damn black costume up Peter Parker so I can
    1:54:06 draw the classic red and blue costume?
    1:54:09 Cause that’s Spider-Man to me, right?
    1:54:12 Venom, I didn’t care at that moment about Venom.
    1:54:13 It was like, get rid of it.
    1:54:17 The last page of that issue, Peter Parker gets rid of the black
    1:54:19 costume because he has a fight with Venom.
    1:54:22 Venom goes on his way and he pulls a box out from underneath the
    1:54:26 bed and he pulls out the classic uniform, the red and blue, the
    1:54:30 one that to me is Spider-Man and the last page, which I still
    1:54:33 have today because it was like, finally, I’m drawing Spider-Man
    1:54:35 because I started on issue 298.
    1:54:36 Nope.
    1:54:37 Black costume, 299.
    1:54:37 Nope.
    1:54:42 Black costume and every page, but one of issue 300.
    1:54:45 But that last page, it was, it even says, I think a caption
    1:54:46 and it says, and a new beginning.
    1:54:48 And to me, I go finally.
    1:54:49 I get to dress.
    1:54:51 This was for me, finally.
    1:54:55 Now, somehow Venom was the byproduct of that, right?
    1:54:57 Now, here’s what should happen.
    1:55:00 Tim, an employee should come into the office.
    1:55:02 They should say, no, he’s wearing the black costume.
    1:55:05 We want to give you the job on Amazing Spider-Man, one of the
    1:55:07 granddaddy books of the company.
    1:55:10 And most sane employees will go, yes, sir.
    1:55:11 Yes, ma’am.
    1:55:12 When is the book due?
    1:55:14 I don’t know.
    1:55:18 Todd is Todd and yeah, yeah, yeah, right?
    1:55:22 And so I just was like, no, I need the red and blue costume.
    1:55:28 And and and but because of some of that arrogance, ego, immaturity,
    1:55:29 whatever you want to call it.
    1:55:32 Your byproduct is you’ve got a character called Venom that
    1:55:35 now creates carnage in this whole slew, right?
    1:55:41 So if I was that guy, that employee, all of that maybe never materializes.
    1:55:43 That’s the true possibility of that.
    1:55:46 And then I just take all of that.
    1:55:48 Remember Marvel’s that they’re boring storytelling.
    1:55:52 I start pushing the boundaries of storytelling to make it more.
    1:55:53 I thought dynamic.
    1:55:56 I thought everything we do in comic books is just a Broadway play.
    1:55:59 You must, everything should be big and you should be talking and
    1:56:03 performing for the lady with bad hearing that’s in the last row at the theater.
    1:56:05 So that’s what comic books are.
    1:56:06 It’s bravado.
    1:56:11 And so I was doing all this fancy storytelling and my editors were
    1:56:15 going, Todd, you can’t, you can’t, you can’t, you can’t.
    1:56:17 And I’m like, yeah, yeah, yeah, okay.
    1:56:18 But I just kept doing it.
    1:56:22 And then I eventually I was asking them and I go, why can’t we?
    1:56:24 And I go, well, the editor in chief, Jim, Jim Shooter.
    1:56:25 He doesn’t like that.
    1:56:31 I found that to be impossible to believe, impossible to believe.
    1:56:37 Jim Shooter wants vanilla when he can have 2D fruity or a banana split.
    1:56:38 Hard to believe.
    1:56:41 So we went and had a meeting one time.
    1:56:45 My editor was Bob Harris, who ended up being the top dog at DC.
    1:56:46 I think he still has maybe.
    1:56:49 And we went into this meeting with Jim Shooter, the editor in chief where
    1:56:53 every, every editor was literally shaken in the boots from Jim Shooter.
    1:56:56 He was like this authoritarian sort of figure.
    1:57:01 And he, as we’re walking in the meeting, all as Bob says, don’t ask him
    1:57:04 about storytelling, Todd, because he just wanted to say hi to me because I
    1:57:07 was, you know, this new guy in the Hulk and my career was starting to bud.
    1:57:09 And he just wanted to say hi to me.
    1:57:11 It was just a casual conversation.
    1:57:12 We have a nice, pleasant conversation.
    1:57:15 And then it’s like, he goes, okay, I’ve got to get to my next meeting.
    1:57:16 I’m going, yeah, yeah, yeah.
    1:57:20 And as we get up, because I want it Bob to be moving, I went, oh, hey, Jim,
    1:57:21 just have one, one quick question.
    1:57:24 Can I change storytelling?
    1:57:25 Like, let me just ask you.
    1:57:28 Am I allowed to have characters burst out of the panels?
    1:57:30 Because that was what they, I was doing with Spider-Man.
    1:57:31 And they’re going, you can’t, you can’t.
    1:57:36 And he was like, looked at me quizitively and went, yeah, sure, why?
    1:57:38 Okay.
    1:57:39 But can I, can I do this other thing?
    1:57:41 And he went, yeah, yeah, yeah, sure.
    1:57:45 And I went, so it’s okay for me to, to, because I go, I think
    1:57:48 I heard somebody, it wasn’t Bob, my editor standing in front of you.
    1:57:52 It must have been somebody else told me that somehow that you said you
    1:57:57 can’t have things punch, you can’t have panels overlapping and you can’t
    1:57:58 have characters punching out.
    1:58:01 And I walked them through a couple of things and he was horrified.
    1:58:03 And he was like, what?
    1:58:03 What are you saying, Todd?
    1:58:06 And I’m going, yeah, yeah, that’s just what they’re telling all the artists.
    1:58:09 And he was like, no, and he got angry at that moment.
    1:58:12 He goes, no, I never said that.
    1:58:13 He goes, here’s what I said.
    1:58:15 And I knew this was the answer, Tim.
    1:58:17 I knew this was the answer.
    1:58:23 He said, you can’t do bad overlapping panels and bad drawings of people
    1:58:24 jumping out.
    1:58:29 And then he explained to me the difference between a bad version and
    1:58:31 a good version, right?
    1:58:33 And I knew what the bad and good version was.
    1:58:37 Basically don’t have a guy jumping out of a panel and you’re covering
    1:58:39 up half the drawing of the next panel.
    1:58:42 As long as you’re doing it in some negative space, you’re okay.
    1:58:46 Just as long as the storytelling is clear, I don’t care how you design it, Todd.
    1:58:47 I knew it.
    1:58:49 Ding, ding, ding, ding, ding, ding, ding, ding, ding, ding.
    1:58:54 And shoot, from that meeting on, you take a look at my layouts in Spider-Man.
    1:58:56 It started getting crazier and crazier.
    1:58:58 Now, Jim Shooter gets pushed out very quickly.
    1:59:01 I keep doing my Todd thing on Spider-Man.
    1:59:06 I keep, and here’s what I did on Spider-Man that literally catapulted my career.
    1:59:08 It was a simple move.
    1:59:11 They were doing Spider-Man emphasis on man.
    1:59:15 I flipped it to Spider-Man emphasis on the word spider.
    1:59:18 So when he put the costume on, I thought he was an insect.
    1:59:20 And I didn’t care about anatomy.
    1:59:21 I didn’t care whether it mattered.
    1:59:26 I just cared about the dynamics of this character looking like a
    1:59:29 bug man and crawling in a way.
    1:59:33 And then as part of that, I added more webbing on his costume.
    1:59:37 And then I had to come up with a new way of doing his webs that have
    1:59:39 been done this way for 30 years.
    1:59:43 I go, it doesn’t work if you want to shoot it towards camera.
    1:59:47 Or if you want to create a false sense of volume, which is the
    1:59:51 only thing we have as artists, you must give the illusion of 3D given
    1:59:52 that you’re drawing on a 2D piece of paper.
    1:59:56 So again, all these silly things that would bore people.
    1:59:57 But I was doing it.
    1:59:59 And oh, by the way, it fucking looks cool.
    2:00:00 It doesn’t bore me.
    2:00:02 Now, this stuff is, this is key.
    2:00:03 This is important.
    2:00:06 So I go, and it looks cool.
    2:00:09 And here’s the moment I was talking about earlier.
    2:00:12 The moment you start missing with anybody’s icon.
    2:00:16 Status quo comes into the equation.
    2:00:18 And I’m now messing it.
    2:00:21 I probably could have done what I did with a lower tier character,
    2:00:22 but not Spider-Man.
    2:00:25 Spider-Man, at this point, again, at the Republic Company,
    2:00:27 he is on their checks.
    2:00:29 Every check’s got a little spidey on it.
    2:00:32 He’s on their quarterly reports.
    2:00:33 He’s on their internal memos.
    2:00:37 And I’m messing with that look, right?
    2:00:41 And so they came and they were sitting there and they took it
    2:00:44 as I was doing something.
    2:00:47 I thought they were doing it wrong and I was right.
    2:00:48 No, no, no, no, no.
    2:00:50 Here is the reality of it.
    2:00:51 And I’ve said it plenty of times.
    2:00:54 I thought that the look that had been presented, the classic
    2:00:57 look that was there, the one that everybody, if you close your
    2:01:00 eyes, you have in your mind if you’re a certain age, was
    2:01:03 literally the Norman Rockwell version of Spider-Man.
    2:01:04 It was perfect.
    2:01:09 And the best I could hope for as a young budding artist is to
    2:01:14 do a bad version of that and go, man, that’s almost as cool as
    2:01:15 Norman Rockwell’s painting.
    2:01:17 Let me tell you, if you’re going to be a painter, never paint
    2:01:19 like Norman Rockwell, the best you’re going to get is, man,
    2:01:20 he’s almost as good as Norman.
    2:01:22 That’s the best you can hope for.
    2:01:24 You will never be better than Norman, right?
    2:01:27 He’s already conquered that hill.
    2:01:29 Go find another hill and make it your own.
    2:01:33 You can take pieces of Norman Rockwell, but you can’t be
    2:01:35 that exact same look.
    2:01:38 So I was putting all these different looks together and
    2:01:40 coming up with some crazy stuff and just making the spider
    2:01:41 part of it.
    2:01:43 The eyes got bigger, more webs.
    2:01:45 I reinvented the webbing.
    2:01:47 I made the blue a little bit darker.
    2:01:50 I forgot about anatomy and I put them in these cool funky
    2:01:53 poses that the readers just went crazy for.
    2:01:57 And every single time I walked into the offices, so I didn’t
    2:02:00 go there that often, they would call me on the carpet and
    2:02:04 they would say, no, no, stop it, stop it.
    2:02:06 And Tom denies it by my Tom.
    2:02:08 There are moments of clarity in my life.
    2:02:09 This is one of them.
    2:02:11 Tom DeFalco was the editor-in-chief.
    2:02:15 He’s an Italian guy and he was giving me heck again, wiggling
    2:02:18 his finger, going, you got to stop doing the big eyes and
    2:02:20 this and then he got so mad.
    2:02:22 I remember his face getting a little red and he goes, and
    2:02:26 that webbing, those damn spaghetti webbing, you got
    2:02:27 to stop it.
    2:02:29 Now all that now from my perspective, ladies and gentlemen,
    2:02:32 if you’re in my head, it’s like a Charlie Brown sort of
    2:02:32 cartoon.
    2:02:35 Alls I heard was blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, spaghetti
    2:02:36 webbing.
    2:02:39 And I went, oh my gosh, I’ve got a name for them now.
    2:02:43 So I was like so happy in that moment because Tom gave me
    2:02:44 an official name for him.
    2:02:46 They’ve been known ever since has just spaghetti webbing.
    2:02:48 Thank you, Tom DeFalco.
    2:02:51 I think he was cussing me out and giving me heck at that
    2:02:51 point.
    2:02:54 I wasn’t paying attention though because I was like, oh,
    2:02:54 super cool.
    2:02:56 I’ve got, I’ve got a name for it.
    2:02:59 He then says in that same meeting, you got to, you just
    2:03:00 got to control this stuff.
    2:03:06 And my answer was, and anybody is under the age of 30-ish
    2:03:09 listening, I’m going to give you a bit of a golden rule.
    2:03:11 Anybody asks you to do something, especially somebody
    2:03:14 in authority, always say yes, even if you’re not going
    2:03:14 to do it.
    2:03:15 It’s just way easier.
    2:03:19 You get out of the room faster, no confrontation.
    2:03:22 Just nod your head yes in agreement and go do whatever
    2:03:22 the hell you want.
    2:03:26 And I knew that the editors would only circle back like
    2:03:30 every 90 days and look at the books and do their evaluation.
    2:03:33 And I walked out of that room.
    2:03:35 Not only did I not make the webbing smaller.
    2:03:36 I’ll show you the issue.
    2:03:38 They got twice as long, right?
    2:03:40 Cause they just look cool.
    2:03:41 I got to tell you Tim, they look cool.
    2:03:44 And by the time I came back the next time, I’ve seen the books.
    2:03:45 I’ve seen them.
    2:03:45 I’ve seen them.
    2:03:46 I haven’t been home.
    2:03:49 They wiggle their finger at you and they go, no.
    2:03:52 And next time I go to New York, they go, no, Todd, but here’s
    2:03:53 what was happening.
    2:03:55 And here was their conundrum.
    2:03:57 Sales were going up.
    2:03:59 Sales were going up.
    2:04:05 And at one point, again, I had that conversation of that.
    2:04:09 It’s like, Tom, what do you care how I draw?
    2:04:10 What do you care?
    2:04:15 All you should care about is that I am selling you comic books
    2:04:18 and you gave me the task of moving Spider-Man, amazing
    2:04:21 Spider-Man from 21 up the ranks.
    2:04:23 And it’s at number two right now.
    2:04:24 Jim Lee and the X-Men were beating us.
    2:04:25 And I was at one meeting.
    2:04:26 It was odd.
    2:04:27 There was this stranger in the room.
    2:04:28 I never met him before.
    2:04:29 Didn’t know who he was.
    2:04:31 And he just sat there silent the whole time.
    2:04:32 He had this big fat book.
    2:04:33 I didn’t know who he was.
    2:04:36 And then at the, finally at the end of an hour conversation,
    2:04:39 when I said that, I go, I’m selling more damn books than
    2:04:41 almost anybody you employ right here right now.
    2:04:44 This dude I found out later was an accountant.
    2:04:46 He opened up his big giant accounting book.
    2:04:48 Tom came behind him.
    2:04:50 The accountant didn’t utter a word.
    2:04:54 He just pointed at something on his data sheet and he shook
    2:04:59 his head, yes, but he just said, yes, sales are going up.
    2:05:04 And it was, you could just see that it was like, what do we do?
    2:05:04 Right?
    2:05:08 It’s working, but we disagree with it because the status
    2:05:09 quo is getting.
    2:05:11 Let me tell your audience.
    2:05:14 Here’s the bizarro thing in now that years have passed.
    2:05:19 Everything they told me not to do on Spider-Man that I was
    2:05:23 rebellious against and I just stuck to my guns and I did it
    2:05:26 and the sales are, do you know that if you’re a young person
    2:05:29 right now and you go to Marvel and you draw Spider-Man, do you
    2:05:32 know what style you have to draw Spider-Man in?
    2:05:33 Todd McFarland.
    2:05:40 So the guy who was told not to create it, I’ve now bizarrely
    2:05:43 as I was going, no, I’m not going to draw that status quo.
    2:05:47 I’m going to do something funky that my style is now the new
    2:05:48 status quo.
    2:05:52 And I don’t think anybody should draw on Todd McFarland style
    2:05:55 because the next person they should be encouraging to do
    2:05:58 their thing because it might be five times better than what
    2:05:59 I ever came up with.
    2:06:04 I don’t understand corporations of just coming up with an
    2:06:08 idea and glomming onto it so hard.
    2:06:13 Yes, I’m talking to you IBM and then this little dudes in a
    2:06:16 garage come up with this little computer and they call it an
    2:06:23 apple and somehow they beat you eventually because you become
    2:06:24 dinosaurs.
    2:06:26 And this is the thing.
    2:06:31 There is nobody in the world that’s ever made change and
    2:06:35 everybody like them, especially the people who were had the
    2:06:39 power and the prestige and the money ahead of them.
    2:06:42 Nobody, if you go to any corporation and you say, I’ve got
    2:06:46 this new idea, you will never hear the words from the people
    2:06:47 that are the industry leaders.
    2:06:49 That sounds super cool.
    2:06:53 Let us get out of your way so you can just do that on your
    2:06:54 own unfettered.
    2:06:56 Are you out of your mind?
    2:06:59 They will take out bazookas and blades and put down the
    2:07:02 fucking the strips and the throwing darts and they will
    2:07:06 do everything in their powers to discourage you because they
    2:07:10 are industry leaders, but eventually they become their
    2:07:13 own worst enemy.
    2:07:16 Todd, we’re at almost two hours now.
    2:07:20 I’ve realized that we’ve barely scratched the service.
    2:07:22 We’ve established a lot of the background, of course, the
    2:07:27 personality, the rule breaking, the camel bladder, and we
    2:07:30 have not even touched upon your personal relationship with
    2:07:32 Stanley, which is of great interest to me.
    2:07:35 We have not talked about the toy empire.
    2:07:39 We have not talked about how any of that started TV, film,
    2:07:41 music, spawn.
    2:07:43 I mean, there’s a long list of things that I would love to
    2:07:44 cover with you.
    2:07:47 Would you be open to doing a round two?
    2:07:50 I think people would certainly be interested in listening to
    2:07:50 one.
    2:07:53 Could I convince you to come back for a round two?
    2:07:58 Tim, you’ll find that like I’m not shy at opening my mouth
    2:08:00 and talking to, you know, to the point I’m always going,
    2:08:02 am I, am I boring people?
    2:08:04 Because I actually know all these stories because I live
    2:08:04 them.
    2:08:09 But yeah, I think there are some interesting forks in the
    2:08:14 road that may be not interesting for my career, but
    2:08:17 just sort of the human condition of what happens when
    2:08:19 you get to certain walls.
    2:08:25 I’ve been talking about what I had to do in one industry,
    2:08:29 but now because of that success, what you just mentioned,
    2:08:32 I, and it was able to break into multiple industries and
    2:08:41 found some of the same sort of repetition and how you navigate
    2:08:43 the sharks when you’re a guppy, right?
    2:08:46 So yeah, I’ll come back.
    2:08:47 I appreciate you given.
    2:08:50 Hopefully we haven’t bored people these two because I’ll
    2:08:51 go, why would I want to listen to another two?
    2:08:52 So it’s your show.
    2:08:54 I’ll let you decide whether that works.
    2:09:00 Ultimately, I mean, let’s call it selfish, self-interested.
    2:09:03 If I keep it interesting for me, just like you in those 10,
    2:09:07 12-hour days, you got to keep your artwork interesting to
    2:09:10 you because otherwise, and even maybe still, it can be really
    2:09:10 lonely.
    2:09:13 So for me, I just try to scratch my own itch and asking
    2:09:14 questions about the things I’m interested in.
    2:09:15 So I’m very interested.
    2:09:18 I’m sure we’ll have plenty of people along for the ride and
    2:09:21 people can find you on all the social handles that I mentioned.
    2:09:22 Of course.
    2:09:24 Are there any other places you’d like to point them?
    2:09:26 So we can find you on Instagram at Todd McFarland.
    2:09:28 No, Twitter, Todd, underscore McFarland.
    2:09:30 You can find it.
    2:09:31 These are hipsters, right?
    2:09:32 I’m the old guy.
    2:09:33 The type in your name.
    2:09:33 They’ll find you.
    2:09:34 Yeah, whatever.
    2:09:36 People, if you’re interested, you can find it.
    2:09:39 What I’ll try and endeavor the next time is to answer more
    2:09:41 than three questions because I think that’s all you got in.
    2:09:46 And I need a temper and get like, Todd, he just asked you
    2:09:47 how old you are.
    2:09:50 You don’t have to talk about the entire sort of evolution
    2:09:52 of humanity to get to that answer.
    2:09:59 But but I think that a little bit of backstory to get to the
    2:10:03 reasoning why when you make that call at that moment matters.
    2:10:04 Oh, yeah.
    2:10:05 It’s critical.
    2:10:05 Yeah.
    2:10:09 So so we’ve now painted hopefully some of the personalities.
    2:10:14 So now we can just maybe be a little more varied in the
    2:10:17 questions and we can pepper and jump around a bunch of industries.
    2:10:20 And I can tell you some silly stories about those ones too.
    2:10:23 Yeah, we’ll get into the trenches and we can hear more of your
    2:10:24 art of war stories.
    2:10:25 Right.
    2:10:26 And creative.
    2:10:30 They almost killed Eddie Vedder.
    2:10:31 We’ll talk about that one.
    2:10:33 There we go.
    2:10:36 So that’ll be that’ll be the cliffhanger and everybody listening.
    2:10:40 As usual, we will put show notes and links to everything in
    2:10:46 the show notes at tim.blog/podcast and until next time.
    2:10:49 Don’t be afraid of rocking the boat and consider your upside
    2:10:51 down side, just like you were talking about those those artists
    2:10:54 earlier and image.
    2:10:55 It’s human nature.
    2:10:56 What a thing.
    2:10:57 Todd, thank you for making the time today.
    2:11:00 So to be continued and we’ll figure out a time for round two.
    2:11:02 Hey guys, this is Tim again.
    2:11:06 Just one more thing before you take off and that is five bullet
    2:11:07 Friday.
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    2:11:13 provides a little fun before the weekend between one and a
    2:11:16 half and two million people subscribed to my free newsletter,
    2:11:18 my super short newsletter called five bullet Friday.
    2:11:20 Easy to sign up easy to cancel.
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    2:11:28 share the coolest things I’ve found or discovered or have
    2:11:29 started exploring over that week.
    2:11:31 It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:11:33 It often includes articles.
    2:11:34 I’m reading books.
    2:11:38 I’m reading albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos, all sorts of
    2:11:41 tech tricks and so on that get sent to me by my friends,
    2:11:46 including a lot of podcast guests and these strange esoteric
    2:11:49 things end up in my field and then I test them and then I
    2:11:51 share them with you.
    2:11:54 So if that sounds fun again, it’s very short, a little tiny
    2:11:57 bite of goodness before you head off for the weekend.
    2:11:58 Something to think about.
    2:12:02 If you’d like to try it out, just go to tim.vlog/friday.
    2:12:06 Type that into your browser tim.vlog/friday.
    2:12:08 Drop in your email and you’ll get the very next one.
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    2:12:12 This episode is brought to you by Eight Sleep.
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    2:16:20 [applause]
    2:16:23 [silence]
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    2:16:32 [silence]
    2:16:35 [silence]
    2:16:38 [silence]
    2:16:46 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited.

    The episode features segments from episode #691 “Nassim Nicholas Taleb & Scott Patterson — How Traders Make Billions in The New Age of Crisis, Defending Against Silent Risks, Personal Independence, Skepticism Where It (Really) Counts, The Bishop and The Economist, and Much More” and #639 “Todd McFarlane, Legendary Comic Book Artist — How to Make Iconic Art, Reinvent Spider-Man, Live Life on Your Own Terms, and Meet Every Deadline.”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [04:51] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [05:54] Enter Nassim Nicholas Taleb and Scott Patterson.

    [06:32] The joy of writing a preemptive resignation letter.

    [07:13] Developing resilience against criticism.

    [10:04] Nassim: contrarian, or simply independent?

    [12:27] Jiving with skeptical turkeys.

    [17:21] Persisting through the polycrisis.

    [19:18] Introducing the precautionary principle.

    [21:37] Nassim’s preferred legacy.

    [23:50] Precautionary principle 101.

    [25:14] Fat tails, thin tails, the COVID vaccine, and GMOs.

    [32:51] Enter Todd McFarlane.

    [33:21] Baseball.

    [38:46] Rejection letters.

    [42:38] Compelling storytelling and meeting deadlines.

    [45:46] Deadlines pre-Internet vs. deadlines today.

    [48:36] How industry status quo led to the founding of Image Comic Books.

    [1:00:30] The Comics Code and the last straw.

    [1:06:52] The Marvel Dream Team exodus.

    [1:25:13] How is Todd’s camel bladder a competitive advantage?

    [1:31:02] Career bouncing and double-shifting as a penciler and inker.

    [1:49:08] The happy accident of Venom.

    [1:55:46] De-Rockwelling the company icon and inventing “spaghetti webbing.”

    [2:03:31] Bucking the status quo to become the status quo.

    [2:07:13] Parting thoughts and a promise for round two.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #758: Jamie Foxx and Jacqueline Novogratz

    AI transcript
    0:00:04 Okay, this is going to be part confessional. As some of you know, I am recently single and
    0:00:09 navigating the world of modern dating. What a joy that is. Sometimes it’s fun, but it’s mostly a
    0:00:15 goddamn mess, as many of you probably know. I’ve tried all the dating apps, and while there are
    0:00:21 some slick options out there, the most functional that I have found is The League. Why did I end
    0:00:28 up using The League? First, most dating apps give you almost no information. It’s a huge time suck.
    0:00:31 On The League, you’re starting with a baseline of smart people,
    0:00:36 and you can then easily find the ones you’re attracted to. It’s much easier. It’s like going
    0:00:41 to a conference where everyone is smart, and then just looking for the people you think are cute to
    0:00:46 go up and speak with. So more than half of The League users went to top 40 colleges, and you
    0:00:52 can make your filters really selective. So if that’s important to you, then go for it. It does work,
    0:00:57 and that is one of the reasons that I use it. Second, people verify using LinkedIn. So you
    0:01:02 can make sure they have a job and don’t bounce around every six months. It’s a simple proxy for
    0:01:07 finding people who have their shit together. It’s infinitely easier than trying to figure things out
    0:01:12 on Instagram or whatever. Third, you can search by interest and in multiple locations. I haven’t
    0:01:17 found any other dating app that allows you to do this. So for instance, I usually search for women
    0:01:22 who love skiing or snowboarding, have those as interests as I like to spend, say, two to three
    0:01:27 months of the year in the mountains. I’m a rivers and mountains guy. The UI is a little clunky. I’ll
    0:01:32 warn you, but it’s incredibly helpful for finding good matches and not just pretty faces. So you
    0:01:38 can search by interest and specify multiple cities. So to summarize a few things that I think make it
    0:01:43 stand out. Features available in The League include multi-city dating, LinkedIn verified profiles,
    0:01:48 ability to block your profile from coworkers, bosses, family, etc. That’s very easy to do.
    0:01:54 You can search by interest, you can get profile stats, and there is a personal concierge in the
    0:01:59 app. So there’s someone you can text with within the app as a personal concierge to get help.
    0:02:03 So what am I looking for? I am looking for a woman who is well educated and who loves skiing
    0:02:09 or snowboarding, or both. These are, and I’ve used this word already, proxies for like 20 other
    0:02:14 things that are important. So just I’ll leave it at that for now. Someone who’s default upbeat,
    0:02:20 likes to smile, smiles often, glass half full type of person who would ideally like to have kids
    0:02:25 in the next few years. Her friends would describe her as feminine and playful and she would love
    0:02:30 polarity in a relationship. She’s athletic and has some muscle. I like strong women,
    0:02:33 not necessarily bodybuilders, but you get the idea. It could be a rock climber, dancer,
    0:02:37 whatever, but has some muscle, loves to read and loves learning. If this sounds like you,
    0:02:43 send hashtag date Tim, so hashtag date Tim in a message to your concierge in the app to get us
    0:02:48 paired up. So these are all reasons why I was excited when The League reached out to sponsor
    0:02:53 the podcast. They even have daily speed dating where you can go on three, three minute dates
    0:02:58 with people who match your preferences all from the comfort of your couch. So check it out. Download
    0:03:03 The League today on iOS or Android and find people who challenge you to swing for the fences
    0:03:08 and who are in it to win it. I found it to be super fascinating. You can really get good matches
    0:03:13 instead of just looking at pretty faces and kind of rolling the dice over and over again.
    0:03:17 Much better. So download The League today on iOS or Android and check it out.
    0:03:22 Message hashtag Tim to your in-app concierge to jump to the front of the waitlist and have
    0:03:27 your profile reviewed first. So check it out, The League on iOS or Android.
    0:03:35 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I try to
    0:03:41 access something, say a show on Amazon or elsewhere, and it says not available in your
    0:03:46 current location, something like that. Or creepier still if you’re at home and this has happened to
    0:03:54 me. I search for something or I type in a URL incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops up
    0:03:59 and it says you might be searching for this. How about that? And it suggests an alternative and I
    0:04:04 think to myself, wait a second, my internet service provider is tracking my searches and what I’m
    0:04:11 typing into the browser. Yeah, I don’t love it. And a lot of you know I take privacy and security
    0:04:17 very seriously. That is why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor ExpressVPN for several years now
    0:04:21 and I recommend you check it out. When you connect to a secure VPN server, your internet
    0:04:25 traffic goes through an encrypted tunnel that nobody can see into, including hackers, governments,
    0:04:31 people in Starbucks, your internet service provider, etc. And know you’re not safe simply
    0:04:36 using incognito mode in your browser. This was something that I got wrong for a long time.
    0:04:40 Your activity might still be visible as in the example I gave to your internet service provider.
    0:04:45 Incognito mode also does not hide your IP address. Also with the example that I gave of you can’t
    0:04:49 access this kind of that content, wherever you happen to be, then you just set your server to a
    0:04:54 country where you can see it and all of a sudden voila, you can say log into your normal Amazon
    0:05:00 account as opposed to being routed to dot UK or whatever. And everything works. So ExpressVPN
    0:05:05 protects you and enables you because it encrypts and reroutes your network traffic through secure
    0:05:10 servers. So even though your traffic is still passing through your internet provider, now they
    0:05:15 can’t read it. ExpressVPN is so fast, also it doesn’t bog things down at all. I usually forget
    0:05:21 that I even have it on. I can stream high quality video with no lag or buffering, even on servers
    0:05:25 thousands of miles away. Gives me access to servers in 105 countries around the world,
    0:05:31 which is very helpful, as I am constantly traveling and love to do so. It’s easy to use. You just
    0:05:37 choose a server location and tap one button to connect. You do not need to be technologically
    0:05:43 savvy. You don’t need to know anything about how it works. It’s just one click and it works on every
    0:05:49 device, phone, laptop, tablets, even TVs. ExpressVPN has really changed the way I use the internet,
    0:05:54 and I can’t recommend it highly enough. Check it out. Right now you can go to expressvpn.com/tim
    0:06:03 and get three extra months for free when you sign up. Just go to expressvpn ex-p-r-e-s-s-vp-n.com/tim
    0:06:09 for an extra three free months of ExpressVPN. One more time expressvpn.com/tim
    0:06:37 Hello boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferriss. Welcome to another episode
    0:06:42 of The Tim Ferriss Show, where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every
    0:06:47 field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply and
    0:06:54 test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its
    0:07:01 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and past one billion downloads. To celebrate,
    0:07:06 I’ve curated some of the best of the best, some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over
    0:07:12 the last decade. I could not be more excited to give you these super combo episodes, and internally
    0:07:17 we’ve been calling these the super combo episodes because my goal is to encourage you to, yes,
    0:07:23 enjoy the household names, the super famous folks, but to also introduce you to lesser known people
    0:07:29 I consider stars. These are people who have transformed my life, and I feel like they can do
    0:07:35 the same for many of you. Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode.
    0:07:40 Just trust me on this one, we went to great pains to put these pairings together,
    0:07:47 and for the bios of all guests, you can find that and more at tim.blog/combo.
    0:07:51 And now, without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening.
    0:08:01 First up, Jamie Foxx, Oscar Bafta, and Golden Globe Award-winning actor, Grammy award-winning
    0:08:09 musician, stand-up and improv comedian, and the owner of BSB Ultra Smooth Flavored Whiskey.
    0:08:18 You can find Jamie on Instagram @imjabefoxx and in his upcoming films, Tin Soldier and Back in Action.
    0:08:26 So one day, my boy Breon brings in this kid, he has a backpack on, his jaw’s a little busted,
    0:08:33 his name is Kanye West, and I say, “Yo, who’s that?” I said, “Yo, that’s a new kid, Kanye West,
    0:08:36 coming on.” I said, “Really? What do you do?” I said, “He rap.” I said, “Well, shit, he gotta
    0:08:39 perform that shit, because everybody comes to this, to my house, they gotta perform.”
    0:08:44 So I said, “Yo, man, they say you the shit.” And he was really quiet. I said, “Man, let me hear you
    0:08:48 rap. You need your beats or whatever.” He said, “I need no beat.” Chopped everybody’s heads,
    0:08:54 just amazed. I said, “Dude, I don’t know where you come from, but you are going to be one of the
    0:09:01 biggest stars ever.” And he said, “I actually have a song for you.” I said, “Mwah? Me a song?
    0:09:05 Like, what you mean?” He said, “I got this song.” He says, “I want to record it.” I said, “Well, you
    0:09:11 happen to be in luck, because I got a studio on the back.” So we go in the back, and my studio,
    0:09:15 at that time, I called it the Porsche. It was a lot smaller than this. It was really like nifty.
    0:09:20 It was like a layer jet. It was compact. It was compact. The sound was toasty. I had engineers
    0:09:25 from all over the city dial it in so that when real artists come, they don’t think that, “Oh,
    0:09:30 this is just comedian fucking around.” Some real shit. So we go in, and Kanye, you know,
    0:09:35 quiet. But at the same time, he knew what he wanted. He says, “Okay, the song goes like this.
    0:09:41 She says she wants a Marvin Gaye, some Luther Vangels, a little …” I said, “I got it.” And I
    0:09:47 started going, “She says she wants a Marvin Gaye.” And he said, “What the fuck are you doing?” I said,
    0:09:51 “Well, see, young man, you don’t know nothing about R&B. See, I’m an R&B motherfucker. See,
    0:09:55 I got to give him the shit. You know, I got to put the shit on it.” And he goes really politely.
    0:10:00 He says, “Hits the button.” He says, “Don’t do that.” I said, “But you don’t know what you tell my
    0:10:05 brother.” That ain’t how the song goes. You got to sing it this way. So in my mind, I’m thinking,
    0:10:10 you know what, I’m going to sing the shit. The song is wack. It’s not going to make it,
    0:10:16 because I’m thinking old-school R&B. But he was teaching me the simplicity of hip hop,
    0:10:20 which I didn’t know. I was like, “Cool guy, great rapper. I don’t think it’s going to happen for
    0:10:25 him.” So I go off and do a bad movie. And when I come back, my voice says, “Remember that song you
    0:10:32 said was wack?” I said, “Yes, number one in the country, you Kanye and Twisters, Kanye’s first
    0:10:38 record.” And it was actually Twisters’ record. I said, “Oh, shit.” So I’m at a club. He says,
    0:10:42 “You don’t believe me?” I said, “No, I’m in Miami.” They played it. Everybody ran to the dance floor.
    0:10:46 I grabbed the mic and said, “That’s me. That’s my song. I’m on that.” And so the music,
    0:10:52 that’s how I got into the music. Now, the reason the story is significant is because the same brains
    0:10:59 that we use, that same hard drive that we use, I brought it to this studio. So that hard drive
    0:11:05 is magical, because we also did, just to give you a history on the music, Breon found that song,
    0:11:11 Slow Gems. It went number one. And then as we started getting into music, there was a song that
    0:11:15 Breon brought in. Breon would call me. He said, “You want to be in the music business?” It’s
    0:11:19 just like two or three in the morning. He called me. He says, “You want to be in the music business?”
    0:11:23 I said, “Yeah.” He said, “Then wake your ass up.” I said, “What?” He said, “I got this song. You got
    0:11:28 to hear.” So I drove all the way from my house in the valley to this little studio. He said,
    0:11:31 “Are you ready, motherfucker? Are you ready?” And Breon always says everything three times.
    0:11:34 “Are you ready, motherfucker? Are you ready? Are you ready?” I said, “Yeah, yeah, man. Play the
    0:11:40 shit.” So he plays it. And the song was Blame It On The Goose, Got You Feeling Loose, Blame It On The
    0:11:47 I Started. I said, “Listen. First of all, please tell me that’s my song.” He said, “Yeah, it’s your song,
    0:11:51 but you got to record it right now, because a lot of people are listening to this song and they
    0:11:55 don’t know if it’s a hit or not.” He said, “But I know it’s a hit.” We did Blame It On The Alcohol.
    0:12:00 That night, I sung it exactly like your record, which goes way in contrast to my R&B roots,
    0:12:03 because it was out of tune and everything like that. But we wanted to sing it exactly like the
    0:12:08 demo, so we wouldn’t lose the essence of it. I don’t want to be like Blame It On The Alcohol,
    0:12:14 you know, some corny shit. So we did that, and then we went from every… The way we broke that
    0:12:18 record is that we went from every club. We went to the strip clubs first.
    0:12:19 Went to the strip clubs?
    0:12:24 Strip clubs. We did an East Coast run. So we were going to break the record in the East Coast.
    0:12:30 So we went to the strip. We went to New York. My man, Peckus, took us around, and I would go
    0:12:35 into the club and use my comedic, you know, vernacular to get the song off. I said, “Fellas,
    0:12:40 you ever been at the club? You meet a girl? You’ve been drinking? You think she look like
    0:12:43 Halle Berry? You get her back home? She looks like Halle Scarry. You know what you got to do?
    0:12:49 Blame it on the goose. God’s feeling loose. Blame it on the… Stop the record. Ladies,
    0:12:53 you ever meet a guy? You get back to the house with him, and you’ve been drinking too much,
    0:12:57 and you say, “I usually don’t do this, but you do it anyway.” You got to blame it on the…
    0:13:02 So we took that, and we went all the way down from New York all the way down to Miami. This is
    0:13:10 like 2008. And then the song took off. And so long story longer, Blame it on alcohol was done here,
    0:13:17 slow jams was done here. So this studio has that essence to it that you just… You don’t throw that
    0:13:22 away. And just to build in itself, Natasha Bettingfield has been here. She’s cut. Kelly Rowland’s
    0:13:28 been here. She’s cut. The game has been here. He’s cut right here on this floor for you guys
    0:13:34 listening. I’m pointing to the floor, to the carpet. A young man by the name of Ed Sheeran
    0:13:42 slept on this carpet for like six weeks trying to get his music career going. He came from over
    0:13:47 from London. He heard about a live show that I do in LA. So it really want to do your live show as
    0:13:51 possible, you know, because I have some music that I love. I hear this kid with this red hair. I’m
    0:13:55 like, “Man, you do my live show?” And it’s all… It’s mostly black, you know what I’m saying? But
    0:14:00 it’s really like music people, like really hardcore music people. The very finicky, you know, people
    0:14:05 that have played for Stevie Wonder. People will come there to… I mean, I had Miranda Lambert one
    0:14:10 night. I had Stevie Wonder on stage. I had Babyface. I said, “So this is the real shit you’re talking about.
    0:14:12 You know, you can come here. I don’t care about the London and the accent.
    0:14:18 You got to really come with it.” So I think I’ll be okay. I was all right. So I take it to my live
    0:14:24 night. 800 people there. People just playing. Black folks sweating. Just kidding. You know what I’m
    0:14:28 saying? I mean, people singing and, you know, they would tear American Idol up, you know, and these
    0:14:34 people have necessarily made it. So all of a sudden Ed Sheeran gets up with a ukulele, walks onto
    0:14:39 the stage and the brother that was next to me was like, “Yo, Fox, man, who the fuck is this dude right
    0:14:44 here, man? With the red hair and shit in the fucking ukulele?” I said, “Man, his name is Ed Sheeran.
    0:14:50 Let’s see what he does.” Within 12 minutes, he got a standing ovation. Wow. From that crowd. And I said,
    0:14:58 “Bro, you’re on your way.” So this studio has, like I said, a lot of history and it has that magic
    0:15:04 to it as well. Mojo. Yeah. How do you think of teaching confidence with your own kids? Because
    0:15:10 you’re clearly a very confident guy. Yeah. Grandmother was very bold, very strong woman.
    0:15:14 How do you try to teach that to your kids? Well, what you do with your kids is like, when my daughter
    0:15:19 is like, there’s the phrase that when you see Annalisa, my daughter, and my oldest daughter,
    0:15:24 Karen, I would always ask them, “What’s on the other side of fear?” And they’d be like, “Huh?” I said,
    0:15:28 “What’s on the other side of it?” Meaning like, if I stood in the middle of this floor right there
    0:15:33 and just yelled, “Ah!” What’s on the other side of that? Or if I stood on the middle of the floor and
    0:15:38 went, “Ah.” What’s on the other side of it? Meaning like, either you do or you don’t, but there’s no
    0:15:46 penalty. There’s no reward. It’s just you just be yourself. So I taught them, what’s on the other
    0:15:50 side of fear? Nothing. People are nervous for no reason because there’s nothing. No one’s going to
    0:15:56 come out and slap you or beat you up and then you’re just nervous. So why even have that? And so
    0:16:02 that’s a building block that they can use not just about the entertainment business because
    0:16:06 that’s the other thing. You don’t have to be an entertainer. But whatever you go into, whether
    0:16:11 you be a lawyer or a school teacher or tech guy or whatever or girl, whatever it is,
    0:16:17 there’s nothing on the other side of it. What’s on the other side of fear? Nothing. I like it.
    0:16:20 When people say, “Oh, I’m so nervous.” What are you nervous about? Reminds me of this quote that I
    0:16:25 sort of recite to myself and I’m going to paraphrase it because I have it written down,
    0:16:29 but it’s from Mark Twain. It says, “I’m an old man who’s known a great many troubles,
    0:16:34 most of which never happened.” Yeah, exactly. Because all of it is in our head. When we talk about
    0:16:41 fear or lack of being aggressive or whatever, it’s just in your head. So not everybody’s going to be
    0:16:46 super aggressive, but the one thing that you can deal with is a person’s fears. So if you start
    0:16:52 early, if they are a shy person, they just won’t be as shy if you keep instilling those things.
    0:16:59 The mimicry, the impersonation, how early did that start? Because I read and maybe you can
    0:17:06 tell me if this is off or not because you never know what the internet. That your second grade
    0:17:12 teacher used to reward the class if they behaved by letting you tell jokes. Yeah, they would let
    0:17:15 me tell jokes because I would get in trouble. Miss Reeves, I think it was my third grade teacher,
    0:17:21 Miss Reeves, because I would talk, but I was very smart. My grandmother had a school. I lived
    0:17:26 in a school, so I already knew that from first to eighth grade, I already knew all of the lesson
    0:17:31 plan. So a kid like me sitting there with nothing to do, I’m going to get in trouble. So she would
    0:17:38 let me do stand-up comedy on Fridays for the kids. And all I would do is my grandmother would
    0:17:43 watch Johnny Carson. And the only room that had the television was my room. So I had to watch
    0:17:49 Johnny Carson too as a kid. So nine years old, seven, eight, nine years old, I would just take
    0:17:56 the jokes that were being told by David Brenner and Steve Allen and a young David Letterman.
    0:18:01 Who else would be on there? Franklin and Jai. You guys, when you’re hearing this, go Google
    0:18:09 these guys. A young Jay Leno. These are sort of like Richard Pryor. So I would take those jokes
    0:18:13 and tell them in school because those kids wouldn’t like it. Please tell me you used Richard Pryor
    0:18:16 on Fridays. Well, I guess it was on Primetime. So wasn’t Richard Pryor Richard Pryor? On Primetime,
    0:18:21 you couldn’t, you couldn’t, he couldn’t really say anything on Primetime. He was clean. But like
    0:18:27 Rich Little. Google Rich Little because Rich Little was the first person that I saw do impersonations.
    0:18:37 This had to be like 76, 1976. So like fifth grade for me. The joke was Jimmy Carter, which was a
    0:18:45 president at the time, singing You Light Up My Life. And at that time, his brother was getting
    0:18:51 caught drunk all the time, like Billy. So it was a Jimmy Carter going, “So many nuts. Me and my
    0:18:56 brother Billy would sit by the window waiting for somebody to bring some peanuts and beer.”
    0:19:01 And so that was my first attempt at an impersonation. And then it went on from there to do Richard
    0:19:07 Nexonari, I’m not a crook. So, you know, who else would I do? Reagan. But here’s it. Reagan came
    0:19:14 later, but Reagan came like in the 80s when I was actually like 21. And I was the first black guy
    0:19:19 doing the Reagan impersonation, probably the only one. So I would be on stage doing my impersonations
    0:19:24 and going to Ronald Reagan. People are like, “No, it ain’t no way.” Well, well, as a matter of fact,
    0:19:32 I am. Well, oh no, there you go again. And so that being being young and that teacher, Ms. Rees and
    0:19:40 Ms. Douthit and all those teachers, Ms. Cole, allow me to be myself, you know, help me hone in
    0:19:45 on what I was going to be doing for the rest of my life, like literally my friends from Terrell
    0:19:50 go like, “How the fuck did you do that? This is the shit you used to do.” You turned your
    0:19:55 third grad act. In the cafeteria. It was literally the same shit. I’d be like, “Wow, millions of people
    0:20:01 are watching this shit. It’s the same.” And now Doc Rivers from the Clippers, “Hey, you know,
    0:20:06 we’re going to try. You know, it’s not Blake’s fault. You know, next year we got to do better.
    0:20:11 You know, it’s… So I’m working on like the new impersonations now. And the way you do an
    0:20:17 impersonation is usually about it’s musical. Like say Kermit the Frog, right? So Kermit the Frog is
    0:20:24 so it’s sort of like, “Oh, you do your…” You know what I’m saying? It’s finding…
    0:20:36 Right? So the actual voice tone is in the key of G for Kermit the Frog.
    0:20:43 Uh, uh, Kermit the… Kermit the Frog here, here with the Sesame Street. So that’s…
    0:20:49 And then once you get the voice tone, it’s how you manipulate your mouth to get the sound.
    0:20:57 Because you notice… So it’s sort of constricting. And then it’s asking the character to come sit
    0:21:01 with you. “Uh, Kermit the Frog here, here with the three little pigs.” So, you know, it’s…
    0:21:05 But the key is this. And at the same time, Kermit the Frog, who else sounds like that?
    0:21:07 Sammy Davis Jr. a little bit.
    0:21:08 Uh, because, you know, man…
    0:21:15 So now Kermit the Frog is one way, but if you just twist your voice or twist your
    0:21:18 mouth to the right and grab some swag, now you’re Sammy Davis Jr.
    0:21:24 Uh, Kermit the Frog, because, man, you know, it’s the same voice, you know?
    0:21:28 So that’s sort of like the mechanical way of getting to the impersonation.
    0:21:32 So you would start with not the visual, because obviously those people who are listening can’t
    0:21:36 see this, but the mannerisms are also very much on point.
    0:21:41 Mannerisms are important because like, uh, like I do it in LeBron James impersonation,
    0:21:46 which is really not a voice. It’s more of his mannerism. It’s the jaw, you know, it’s the look.
    0:21:51 Let’s go, bro. You know, let’s go, bro. You know, the game of basketball, you know, we just try to,
    0:21:56 you know, you know, it’s that, you know. It’s right after playing, you know, when it comes
    0:22:00 off to the court, they’re catching me still tight. You know, uh, you know, the game of basketball,
    0:22:04 we just try to, you know, do the best, you know, so it’s the mannerism.
    0:22:10 So people will appreciate the mannerisms first, the physicality of someone like LeBron or,
    0:22:15 you know, different personalities bring about different things.
    0:22:16 What is your birth name?
    0:22:18 Eric Marlin Bishop.
    0:22:21 And how did Eric Marlin Bishop become Jamie Foxx?
    0:22:31 Man, I was Eric Marlin Bishop, graduated high school, 86. I get out to California and I started
    0:22:39 doing, I’m in college and doing the music, but I will go up on these open mic nights for comedy.
    0:22:44 So I go, I do really well. I get like standing ovation. And then I came to LA, got a standing
    0:22:50 ovation. And then when I came back every week, I wouldn’t get called up. I was like, man, what’s
    0:22:54 going on? How does the open mic work? Well, who’s it is? What you do is you put your name on the
    0:22:57 list, put your name on the list and they pick from the list and they say, okay, these are people
    0:23:02 that are going up. So I went up and had a great set then for the next three, four weeks. I didn’t,
    0:23:05 they never call my name. I said, yo, man, did you see my name? Yeah, yeah, you weren’t on the list.
    0:23:10 You were on the list, but we got other people. But I found out that the comedians were actually
    0:23:14 running the list. So the comedians, they had been here for a while. I was like, we don’t want him
    0:23:21 on here because he’s showing us up. So I was like, fuck. So I ended up going to this evening at the
    0:23:28 improv, the improv like in Santa Monica. And so I had never been there. So I wouldn’t notice that
    0:23:34 100 guys will show up. Five girls will show up. The five girls will always get on the show
    0:23:41 because they needed to break up the monotony. So I said, hmm, I got some. So I wrote down on
    0:23:49 the list, all of these unisex names, Stacey Green, Tracy Brown, Jamie Foxx. And now the guy chooses
    0:23:55 from the list. He says, is Jamie Foxx, is she here? She’ll be first. I was like, no, money,
    0:24:01 that’s, that’s me. Oh, okay. All right. Well, you’re gonna, you’re the fresh meat. I said, what’s
    0:24:06 that? They were shooting evening at the improv, this old, old comedy show back in the day. See,
    0:24:10 you’ll be the guy that will just throw up to see if you get a laugh or two. You know, it’s gonna
    0:24:15 be a tough crowd. Fresh meat, fresh meat. I said, cool. So I go up in between two of the guys,
    0:24:20 get a standing ovation. People like, who’s the kid? Is he on the show? I said, no, he’s fresh
    0:24:28 meat. So then they started yelling my name. Yo, Jamie. Yo, Jamie. Hey, Jamie, but I’m not used to
    0:24:33 so now they think I’m arrogant. This motherfucker thinks he’s the she’s not even listening to us.
    0:24:40 So I took that name and it stuck. And then I started building everything out off of it.
    0:24:44 Like back in the day, people used to wear jackets and put names on the jacket. So I had
    0:24:49 sly as a dot, dot, dot, coming to the foxhole, foxhole, you know, things like that.
    0:24:55 By the time you got to doing the open mics, getting up on stage, were you nervous? Were you
    0:25:01 afraid or were you over it? Because first I looked at it first, like I, I went to an open mic night
    0:25:08 and saw the guys. I’m like, man, he do is terrible. So when you go on stage and your whole life is
    0:25:16 not, I want to be a comedian. I went on stage like, yo, I’m gonna just fuck around. So if I hit cool,
    0:25:22 if I miss, I wasn’t trying to be there anyway. You know, I wanted to do more music, but when I
    0:25:27 went on stage, it was just like, it was just natural. It was a, you know, I belong here. So
    0:25:31 I think that’s the thing too, when it comes to entertainment, there’s a certain like,
    0:25:37 oh, I belong here. This is what I’m supposed to do. How successful I will be or won’t be.
    0:25:41 That’s something out of my hands, but I do know that this is where I belong. And that’s with
    0:25:47 anything and anybody. Like when you can sort of listen to that voice in your head or what’s in
    0:25:52 your heart and you get a chance to do something that you really feel like you’re supposed to do,
    0:25:58 that alleviates a lot of the fear. Now, if it was surgeon or a lawyer or something, you know,
    0:26:03 so, you know, if something that I’m not versed in or something like that, then maybe there will be
    0:26:09 more fear. But with this, I don’t have those types of fears. As I’ve gotten older in the business,
    0:26:17 I sort of simplify things. Like now I just execute. I have to ask people like Ricardo,
    0:26:25 Justin, Justin, what should I execute? So the fear of a celebrity or an artist now is,
    0:26:33 how do I get my art off in a world where it’s the social media driven, ridiculing criticism?
    0:26:37 Like I always say like this, like a person like Prince or a person like Michael Jackson
    0:26:43 could have never survived in today’s world. Because in the day of the internet and where
    0:26:49 everybody has a voice, most of the voices are hateful voices or not understanding. Like if you
    0:26:56 saw Prince with a guitar and a bandana and the way he dressed, you know, people would meme the
    0:27:02 shit out of it, you know. So now it’s not a fear, but it’s just a question that I have to always
    0:27:09 ask them like, yo, is this the cool shit to do or not the cool shit to do? And so what I learned
    0:27:14 is when it’s just executing something, when it’s either executing a song or executing a joke or
    0:27:20 executing things within entertainment, it’s cool. But then you have to wonder like,
    0:27:25 how do you get it off? Like how do you, like even now when you talk about the Bill Cosby joke,
    0:27:30 back in the day, we just tell the joke. Now you gotta be like, okay, I gotta tell the joke in a
    0:27:36 way that it’s still funny, it still keeps the bite on it. But you know, so those are the different
    0:27:45 like for me as a entertainer, where there’s not fear is just like, you know, questions. Does that
    0:27:50 make sense? Make sense. No, this makes sense. The considerations. Have you bombed on stage before?
    0:27:56 Oh, yeah. Two things. When you are bombing, what is your internal dialogue or response? And then
    0:28:03 second, internal dialogue is boy, you stink. But you bomb it. I bomb and it wasn’t a lot. I only
    0:28:09 bombed like twice. Do you remember your first? Yeah, yeah, I did this show for this guy named
    0:28:17 Lattimore. Old blue singer. I’m 21. What was his name? Lattimore. Lattimore sounds like Voldemort.
    0:28:22 Yeah, Lattimore. So this guy saw me at this other club and said, hey man, you know, Lattimore is
    0:28:25 performing around the corner, man, why don’t you come and open them up and say whatever. I said,
    0:28:30 how much you paid? He said, pay $50. I said, I’m there, 50 bucks, I need it. So this is like
    0:28:37 $89.90. So I get there and I don’t know who Lattimore is. I just know it’s a lot of older people.
    0:28:43 Like, I mean, like, oh, oh, I’m like, oh, shit. Where are the people at? These other people.
    0:28:48 So I go up and the setting was different. It was like the chairs and stuff away and it was
    0:28:55 like a banquet setting. And it’s in the middle of the hood, you know, Crenshaw. And like the tables
    0:28:59 were like from here to where like 20 feet away, 30 feet away from me. So I don’t have that.
    0:29:04 And I didn’t have that proxy and I hadn’t been doing stand up comedy that long. I’ve only been
    0:29:11 doing it for like a year. So I had, if I’m funny, I got an hour. If I’m not funny is about 10 minutes
    0:29:15 worth of shit, because I would just take a joke and just keep spinning it and spinning it. So
    0:29:20 my first joke, they didn’t get second joke, they didn’t get I said, shit, I’m doing all the jokes.
    0:29:23 So I said, well, let me do this before I do anything. Let me just talk about people in the
    0:29:28 audience. So I looked and I saw this guy with this sort of suit on with a butterfly collar.
    0:29:32 And like, oh, shit, I’m gonna talk about him with the butterfly collar. But before I could say
    0:29:40 that, I looked around. Everybody has a butterfly collar. This is what they really want to look like.
    0:29:48 And so I just said, Hey, man, I, you know, I don’t know what else y’all want. And pretty soon,
    0:29:52 Latimore is going to come up. You guys ready for Latimore? And I just started doing that. So I’m
    0:29:58 going to take a break. So I get off stage and the dude that was washing the dishes.
    0:30:04 Takes his apron off and goes, man, I got it. As I’m like, how y’all feel? And he started doing
    0:30:11 these old stock jokes. Kills. And so I said, okay, now I know what it is. You got to have
    0:30:16 jokes that are appropriate for your audience. So I learned on how to tell jokes for everybody,
    0:30:22 because at first my jokes was geared towards women, it was singing. So what I started doing from
    0:30:31 that day on, I would go to like Des Moines, Iowa, Davenport, Iowa, Boise, Idaho, where it’s all white,
    0:30:37 Gunnison, Colorado, all white. And I will go do like 40 minutes of all black material
    0:30:44 to see what they understood, what they didn’t understand. So if I go to these all white places,
    0:30:49 if they understood 15 minutes, I’ll log that 15 minutes. I can go to any place where it’s just
    0:30:53 all white that you would determine if they understood it by the spot. And I would ask,
    0:30:57 y’all know who this is? And so I would tell the joke. If 15 minutes they understood it,
    0:31:01 I can go to any place in the world that’s all white and they get it. Then I will go to my
    0:31:08 chocolate city, Chicago, DC, Florida, and do all of my political highbrow stuff and see what the
    0:31:13 black folks understood. Man, what the fuck are you talking about? Now they understood 15 minutes.
    0:31:20 Now I got 15 to 30 minutes of 45 minutes. Wherever I go, no matter what age,
    0:31:26 they’ll understand. No matter what gender, no matter what race, they’ll understand this 45 minutes.
    0:31:33 So I had to learn how to use the formula in order for you to be funny. And then once you got your
    0:31:39 comedy license, once you’ve been seen by enough people in the highest way, like if you look at
    0:31:44 the arc of a Kevin Hart, like Kevin Hart takes that arc, takes the same formula. I’m not for
    0:31:49 sure how he put it in his mind, but he’s doing the same thing to where he’s going to all of these
    0:31:56 places, all over the world, implementing his comedy. And if they get it, he’s gathering all
    0:32:02 that so that now when people see Kevin Hart, no matter where in the world, they’re going to laugh.
    0:32:07 But coming to great comedian is also having a formula going on in your head because if you
    0:32:12 paint yourself into a corner, like you’re only the black comedian or you’re only the
    0:32:16 Hispanic comedian or whatever that is, then it’s hard for you to become a university. I mean,
    0:32:21 Eddie Murphy was great. He had an opportunity through Saturday Night Live to get it to everybody.
    0:32:26 But it’s definitely a formula to not bomb. So that’s the first bomb. You mentioned two.
    0:32:30 What was the second? If it’s hard to recall, the follow-up question is going to be,
    0:32:37 what is the post-game analysis when you step off the stage after bombing, say the second time?
    0:32:42 Well, when I bombed the second time, it was way later in my career when I’m working out jokes.
    0:32:47 But I don’t like to work out jokes and tell people I’m working out. I like to actually
    0:32:52 do a show, come and do the show. So you don’t tell people you’re working on a show?
    0:32:58 No, no, no. I think that’s cheating. And I think you get bad habits. So I do a show in Irvine,
    0:33:04 California. First show, I kill. It was just ready for them. I’m like, oh, man, everything works.
    0:33:12 Second show, bombed. Because I didn’t take time to dig out the jokes and that.
    0:33:17 So when you bomb, you go like, okay, let’s go. Let’s check it out. So I got a team of my guys.
    0:33:21 I said, let’s go. Okay, that didn’t work. No, you got to put this in front of that.
    0:33:23 You got to put that behind this because that’s going to kick this off.
    0:33:27 People didn’t know what that was. So maybe we don’t say that. So you know, you have to,
    0:33:31 when you take the bomb, when we take the L, it’s not like you’re not funny.
    0:33:35 What’s the L? Like you take the loss. Oh, okay. When you take the loss, it’s not like you’re
    0:33:39 like funny. It’s just like, okay, you just didn’t put the shit together. So that’s the other thing,
    0:33:45 too. When you do become funny, it’s going to be harder now to make people laugh because you set
    0:33:55 the bar. So watch this. The hardest part for Chris Rock was after he had done something great
    0:34:02 in stand up because now you got to top that. The hardest part for Eddie Murphy,
    0:34:09 because Eddie wants to come out and do stand up is how do I top that in your head? The hardest part
    0:34:17 is coming for Kevin Hart in the fact that you smashed him. Now, you know what I’m saying? You
    0:34:22 got to know how to, you got to know how to refresh because when you do something like,
    0:34:27 like I would look at my stuff and go like, I got to quit doing that because that shtick that I’m
    0:34:31 doing, people are catching on and they’re like, okay, my fucker, we don’t already seen that shit.
    0:34:37 So that’s the other thing. You got to have great material and you got to know how to move because
    0:34:41 like right now it’s the perfect time for Eddie Murphy to come out and do stand up because it’s
    0:34:47 been so long. It’s nostalgic. It was 30 years ago. So now you can catch a new young. You can still
    0:34:51 excite the older, you know what I’m saying? So being a stand up comedian is tough and you’ve
    0:34:57 seen a lot of funny guys not be funny anymore. Why? Because you can’t top what you did. You look
    0:35:00 at a Jim Carrey, you go like, okay, man, where are you at? Where are you at? You know what I’m
    0:35:05 saying? You know, don’t give up the funny or you look at Chris, I always look at Chris Tucker and
    0:35:10 be like, motherfucker, where are you at? Don’t leave us because being a stand up comedian is an
    0:35:17 interesting thing. Most stand up comedians want to look good. In what way? We just want to look good.
    0:35:22 Think about this. When Eddie Murphy started doing stand up, he was funny. But then he started
    0:35:26 doing, you know, the way the leather suits and it was the fly shit and the rings and they didn’t
    0:35:32 want to look good. Joe Piscopo started working out with the muscles. You know what I’m saying? So
    0:35:39 as a stand up comedian, we got to be careful not to look too good because people start going,
    0:35:43 what the fuck are you doing? You ain’t cute. We just want to laugh. You know what I’m saying?
    0:35:47 But when we started getting into our shit, that’s when we look because I did that. Like,
    0:35:53 I got to, my thing was that after I’m living color, the show called the living color that I did,
    0:35:59 I felt like I had made it. So I wasn’t necessarily on the good looking shit, but I was on the,
    0:36:05 I’ve made it jokes. I went on stage and was doing rich jokes. Just got that range Rover. Anybody
    0:36:10 else? It’s crazy out here. You know, they’re so finicky, right? My fuckers are looking at me like,
    0:36:14 what the fuck are you talking about? And then I said, you know, the square footage of the house,
    0:36:18 man, when they get a certain square feet, man, that shit is crazy and maintaining, you know?
    0:36:22 Motherfuckers are like, motherfucker, if you don’t get off the goddamn stage, I’d lost it.
    0:36:27 I lost it. And I walked off stage and all of a sudden, I walk off stage and give it up for
    0:36:31 Jamie Foxx. And I’m thinking they’re going crazy. Yeah, yeah. Thank you. Thank you so much.
    0:36:35 And I’m standing outside the club and I hear the crowd going crazy. I’m like, what the fuck
    0:36:39 they doing? I just went on stage. What the fuck are they laughing at? And I opened the door and
    0:36:46 there was a kid, skinny, little tank top on barely fit. His name was Chris Tucker.
    0:36:54 He was smashed. He was no one has been that funny within 15 minutes. I’ve never seen and I watch
    0:37:00 them all. I’ve never seen a stand up where people were laughing so hard. Like I said,
    0:37:04 he’s going to kill somebody. Somebody’s like, when he says last night, how would you I kill?
    0:37:08 It’s gonna be true. Somebody gonna have a fucking heart attack. And I sat down and said, and I went,
    0:37:15 I can’t do that. I lost that. So I left went to another club at night bomb. Like it wasn’t just,
    0:37:21 you know. So finally, I went over to Okinawa where the troops were and started doing stand
    0:37:24 up over there for the troops to sort of get back with my rocky moment. Like, you know,
    0:37:30 I started running up the steps chasing chickens and shit. Trying to get back for a stand up
    0:37:35 comedian. That’s the one thing you can never let go. You can never stop being, excuse me,
    0:37:40 a certain goofiness to you. And so and like when you talk about fear, when you talk about bombing,
    0:37:44 it’s different when you’ve done it for a long time. You know, and when you do bomb,
    0:37:48 you just got to give it right back up and you got to acknowledge it. Okay, I start because
    0:37:53 they’re going to let you know, like today’s world, you can’t do nothing in today’s world
    0:37:56 without somebody letting you know, oh, nigga, you fuck that up.
    0:38:02 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show.
    0:38:09 This episode is brought to you by AG1, the daily foundational nutritional supplement that supports
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    0:39:00 Last time, drinkag1.com/tim. Check it out.
    0:39:12 And now, Jacqueline Novigratz, the founder and CEO of Acumen, a global force of entrepreneurs,
    0:39:18 investors, philanthropists, and social innovators working together to break the cycle of poverty,
    0:39:25 the New York Times bestselling author of The Blue Sweater and Manifesto for a Moral Revolution,
    0:39:31 and one of the world’s 100 greatest living business minds, according to Forbes magazine.
    0:39:36 You can find Jacqueline on Twitter and Instagram @JNovigratz.
    0:39:39 Jacqueline, welcome to the show.
    0:39:41 It’s great to be here with you, Tim. Thank you.
    0:39:47 I’m going to just go with the layup. I’m not going to say lazy question. It’s really more
    0:39:53 of a setting of the backdrop for people who don’t know you. Could you please describe
    0:39:57 your childhood, your parents? Just give us a little bit of color there
    0:40:04 so we know from where you have come. I was raised in a four bedroom house with seven siblings,
    0:40:10 the seven of us. Amazing parents. That was in the military. My mother was a force to be reckoned
    0:40:18 with. I would say it was a noisy, chaotic, loving house full of cowboys who were also expected to
    0:40:25 somehow be good. A number of your siblings have also gone on to do great things
    0:40:32 very much on a national and global scale. To what do you attribute that? Is it just inheriting
    0:40:41 good software? Is it environmental? Are there any particular inputs or habits that your parents
    0:40:45 have? Anything that comes to mind? I’m sure you’ve been asked this before, but what was in the drinking
    0:40:52 water, so to speak? I think it was a funny combination of one constraint that when you have
    0:41:00 so many kids on a military income, you got to get entrepreneurial young, fast. That was probably
    0:41:05 a very important piece. Number two, my mother is one of the great myth makers of all times.
    0:41:11 Myth makers? Myth makers. I remember when we were little, Bob, Mike, and I, all we really wanted
    0:41:15 was Levi’s jeans. There weren’t a lot of things to differentiate us. My mother made a deal with
    0:41:22 us and said, look, I’ll buy you the dungarees, which is what they used to call jeans, from the
    0:41:27 post-exchange unless you can earn the difference for those Levi’s. But I have to tell you, I’m
    0:41:34 really disappointed in you guys. Why would you need brands? You’re Novogratz’s. And we laugh now.
    0:41:41 We’re like, what the hell was a Novogratz? But she had the sense that this was who we were. So two,
    0:41:47 kind of a driven myth-making mother. And three, this big extended immigrant Catholic family.
    0:41:53 And so this idea that to whom much is given, much is expected, was also reinforced. And so,
    0:42:03 I guess in a funny way, Tim, we grew up in a tribe but also allowed to be wild individualists who
    0:42:10 had to be entrepreneurial. And here we are. So you’re known for impact investing, social impact,
    0:42:16 and all the things that we, or I should say, I mentioned in the bio that I just read. But that’s
    0:42:21 not where things began from square one. You weren’t just hatched out of the egg as this
    0:42:27 imminent world changer. Maybe you were on some level. I mean, your brother, Mike Novogratz,
    0:42:33 who’s been on the podcast, talked about how you have had this very clear North Star
    0:42:37 for seemingly much of your life. But that wasn’t the first step. In other words, you didn’t just
    0:42:44 graduate from high school and start acumen. Could you just walk us through your first
    0:42:50 professional decisions? Where did you go after school? And why did you go there?
    0:42:54 I think I did always want to change the world from the time I was six. And I guess that was part of
    0:43:01 both the positive and the pressure. And so there was always that idea that I had. But
    0:43:08 to go through college, certainly as the first, we had to pay for school. And so I worked
    0:43:11 two, three jobs the entire time I was at the University of Virginia.
    0:43:14 What were your jobs? What types of jobs?
    0:43:19 Well, mostly I was a bartender. And in the summer, I worked 100 hours a week as a bartender,
    0:43:24 which was actually quite something. When I graduated, I told my parents that I’d really
    0:43:30 never had a proper vacation and that I was going to take a year to just explore the world.
    0:43:35 Never really gone outside the United States or anything like that. And my parents being very
    0:43:40 wise said, “We think that’s fine, but at least go through the interview process.”
    0:43:47 And so I agreed quite reluctantly. And I threw my resume without thinking into the boxes for
    0:43:52 foreign affairs econ majors, which were my majors, and Chase Manhattan Bank called and said, “We’ll
    0:43:56 take you in as an interview.” And so I go into the interview and there’s this cute guy sitting
    0:44:01 across the table from me and he says, “Tell me, Jacqueline, why do you want to be a banker?”
    0:44:05 Which was, of course, the only question I wasn’t ready for. And so I was like,
    0:44:10 “Actually, my mom and dad are making me do this. I don’t want to be a banker.”
    0:44:11 And he said… That’s what you said?
    0:44:19 Yeah. Yeah. I mean, I don’t lie. It’s probably the only answer he wasn’t prepared for.
    0:44:24 He was like, “Well, something in here was prepared.” Because he was like, “Well,
    0:44:28 if you got this job, you would be in 40 countries the next three years and you would be
    0:44:32 understanding the economic and political situation in each of those countries.”
    0:44:37 And of course, there’s this kid that always dreamed of knowing the world, loving the world.
    0:44:41 I was like, “Oh, God!” So I said, “Could we start this interview over?”
    0:44:46 And he let me literally leave the room. I knocked on the door. I introduced myself.
    0:44:50 I sat down. He was like, “Tell me, Jacqueline, why do you want to be a banker?”
    0:44:53 And I said, “Ever since I was six years old, all I ever wanted to do was be a banker.”
    0:44:59 Of course, there were interviews after that to make sure I had a brain, but I got the job.
    0:45:08 And sure enough, for the next three years, I was in 40 countries at a really extraordinary
    0:45:14 time when the financial systems were also in peril in the early 1980s. That was my first job.
    0:45:20 Now, how did you end up traveling the world? I suppose thinking back to my own undergrad
    0:45:25 experience and the recruiting on campus by investment banks and so on, although this may
    0:45:32 not have been in the investment banking category. But when I think the promises of various recruiters,
    0:45:36 I associate that you’re going to travel the world, meet fascinating people,
    0:45:41 learn various A, B, and C about X, Y, and Z industries. I associate that with the management
    0:45:47 consulting pitch. So what was the job that you ended up getting that allowed you to travel like
    0:45:53 that in banking? It was an extraordinary job. It was called credit audit where the bank hired
    0:46:00 primarily liberal arts majors, I think, young people who were critical thinkers who asked the
    0:46:06 dumb questions. And they literally would send us around the world a month at a time. I think I was
    0:46:13 in New York three weeks one year. And you would just get this note on your desk that you had to be
    0:46:19 in Kuala Lumpur three days from then and a package of traveler’s checks, which was the way that we
    0:46:24 would get money and a reservation at a hotel and we would go. And so it’s one way the world has
    0:46:29 really changed because I remember talking to my boss because I had a reputation for unwittingly
    0:46:33 getting people fired by asking the really dumb questions and then uncovering.
    0:46:39 I can’t let that go without asking for an example. How does that happen? What would a
    0:46:45 hypothetical or real type of question or actual question be that might get someone fired?
    0:46:52 The biggest one for me was in Switzerland when I was pretty much a solo act to look at this whole
    0:46:59 suite of Swiss banks, which everybody just assumed were safe because of Swiss banking.
    0:47:06 And Tim, I kept looking at the numbers and the spreadsheets for this one bank and nothing added
    0:47:14 up to me. And so I went to the head of the division, the office, and I was incredibly nervous
    0:47:19 because I wasn’t that confident that I was that great at all these spreadsheets. And I pointed
    0:47:26 out what I saw as real flaws and real vulnerabilities. And he essentially told me I was too young,
    0:47:31 too naive. Didn’t I understand Swiss banking and that the bank was completely protected?
    0:47:37 And I scratched my head. I went back. The number still didn’t work. I called my boss.
    0:47:45 He yelled at me. And I just knew that I might be wrong. I might be all those things he said,
    0:47:50 but I could only tell my truth. And I literally had to hold on to the chair because I was so
    0:47:56 afraid. And I turned it in. I gave it in those days a seven, which put it on a big warning
    0:48:00 list, which meant it went all the way to the top of the bank. And it turned out that I was right.
    0:48:09 The bank failed. And I learned really young Tim, that I went from being seen as kind of scared
    0:48:16 and not that serious overnight to then being seen as this whiz kid. I was the same person.
    0:48:24 Nothing had changed. And how ephemeral the way the world sees you became to me,
    0:48:30 because I know that I was exactly the same woman the morning after that I was the morning
    0:48:34 before. So I guess learning really young sometimes just speak that truth even through
    0:48:41 trembling lips. Yeah. Wow. What a story. I mean, it’s something that so few people,
    0:48:50 especially new hires, would actually dare to do. It just strikes me as unusual that you would have
    0:48:57 the conviction to potentially, and I don’t know the politicking or the power dynamics inside of
    0:49:02 that bank, obviously, but to piss off your boss by giving it a seven, which then flies straight
    0:49:09 up the flagpole after getting reprimanded. That’s quite a move. It sounds like that wasn’t a first,
    0:49:14 though, that you’d sort of cultivated this speaking of truth coming up to that point.
    0:49:20 Is that accurate? Yeah, I think it probably was. And in fact, God, you’re already making me get
    0:49:25 emotional. But I think I saw myself as less courageous a voice than other people experienced
    0:49:32 me as a great gift of my latest book, where I talked about the need to learn how to use voice
    0:49:38 was that one of my colleagues at the time who I haven’t, you know, I hadn’t seen in more than 30
    0:49:44 years, it was like, you were always the one that was standing. And I think I always stood for
    0:49:52 the underdog, but I also just couldn’t tell a lie. And they hired me for a particular purpose.
    0:49:58 And I felt like that was my duty. That was just my job. As a kid, I was the one that would fight
    0:50:04 for the underdog. In fact, I got thrown out of trigonometry for standing up for what was right.
    0:50:08 What were you standing up for? Was it the answer to something or was it a person?
    0:50:13 No, the teacher, he was a great pop quiz guy. And he had promised us that we wouldn’t get a pop quiz
    0:50:19 that week. And one of my friends had been sick and she was very, very insecure when it came to
    0:50:25 trigonometry. I said, you don’t have to worry about it because this teacher told us that we weren’t
    0:50:30 going to have a pop quiz and promised us. And then, of course, he gave us the pop quiz. And
    0:50:36 I just felt such a need to protect my friend that I stood up, I made a big deal about it.
    0:50:41 And that was the end. That was my last day of trigonometry. And the worst of it is I had to do
    0:50:45 home economics for the last six weeks of the year.
    0:50:52 I’m just imagining how happy you were about that. But I think it’s worth really underscoring that
    0:51:01 you develop this and reinforce this truth-speaking. You take some lumps. Of course, you’re going to
    0:51:06 take lumps along the way. But ultimately, not to attribute all of your successes to that. But
    0:51:13 I think it’s no small thing. One of the aspects of your story that has stuck out to me as I’m
    0:51:22 doing homework is the power of asking… I wouldn’t say dumb questions, asking the questions, right?
    0:51:28 Asking questions and speaking truth. And it’s just how… You talk about patient capital.
    0:51:33 We might talk later about how that’s differentiated from just long-term capital and long-term
    0:51:38 investing and how you differentiate the two. But if you’re making a long-term sort of patient
    0:51:43 investment in yourself, like over the short term, you might get reprimanded for truth and asking
    0:51:49 questions or seemingly naive questions. But they seem to be really good long-term bets.
    0:51:56 And I suppose there’s not a question so much in that. But does that resonate with you as being
    0:51:59 true? How does that land for you when I say that? Am I missing anything?
    0:52:05 I’ve actually never thought about it for myself personally, but it deeply resonates. I am not
    0:52:09 comfortable in it. It’s hard sometimes, both for people who work with me and for the people who
    0:52:16 take our courses online at laying out a roadmap because the world is too complex for a step-by-step
    0:52:22 guide to how to solve poverty. But what we do have is a compass, a moral compass, and that
    0:52:29 speaking of truth and standing for truth not only builds a sense of courage, but it deepens,
    0:52:36 I think, ones and certainly my own understanding of where lines are. So yeah, so thank you for that.
    0:52:42 Yeah, also, and as I’m getting on a caffeinated soapbox here for a second, but we’re going to
    0:52:46 cover a lot of ground. So we have space for my caffeinated soapbox. And that is to say,
    0:52:52 these things don’t manifest out of the ether when you need them most necessarily, right? You were
    0:53:02 practicing and conditioning yourself to tell the truth. And you had a choice to stuff or to speak
    0:53:08 in that moment. You made the decision to speak, rated a seven, and that gave you the positive
    0:53:13 reinforcement I have to imagine and more confidence to continue doing the same. But it’s a skill,
    0:53:18 and it seems like a practice that you need to reinforce. Let’s come back to this banking.
    0:53:23 In your retake, ever since the age of six, I’ve always known I wanted to be a banker. Clearly,
    0:53:28 you’re no longer a banker. So what happened? What happened? You’re doing these audits.
    0:53:36 Where does the next chapter enter the picture? So it started, again, having always dreamed
    0:53:43 of traveling around the world and knowing and loving the world. In fact, now I’m in Brazil and Chile
    0:53:50 and Ecuador and, and truly Columbia falling in love with the vibrancy, the color, these stories
    0:53:58 that as a young American kid, we didn’t ever get about the developing world. And it struck me in
    0:54:04 this era again, Tim, when the banks were falling apart, they had been making all these bets based
    0:54:10 on relationship and long-term debt. And suddenly the, the markets were in crisis and they wanted
    0:54:14 to call all their loans and, and they lost hundreds and hundreds of millions of dollars,
    0:54:20 billions of dollars at that time. So I would sit inside the bank looking at loans that should
    0:54:25 never have been made, often money that was actually never even put into what it said it would be
    0:54:32 put into. Meanwhile, on the weekends, I would just be drawn to the favelas and into the slums and
    0:54:38 into these parts of the cities that were so full of life and vibrancy and work and diligent people.
    0:54:43 And I would talk to people about their businesses and realize that this was a group of people that
    0:54:50 could not even walk in through the doors of the bank. They had no confidence with the banking system.
    0:54:57 And so I, again, asking dumb questions, which may be a theme of my life, went to my boss with
    0:55:03 all good faith and said that maybe we would do better for the country, do better for the people
    0:55:09 and actually get our money back, do better for the bank if we actually made smaller loans to
    0:55:14 local people doing what they were doing. And he literally gave me a book called The
    0:55:22 Innocent Anthropologist. And it became very clear to me that the bank wasn’t ready to pivot in that
    0:55:28 way. And so I had to go outside, which is where I’ve stayed, trying to disrupt systems from the
    0:55:33 outside, not the inside, which I think I’m better at. So The Innocent Anthropologist, I assume, was a
    0:55:40 very formalized way of giving you a book that basically says, “Listen, kid, that’s adorable,
    0:55:45 but also very naive.” I mean, is that the thrust of that gift? Yeah, I mean, he gave me two gifts,
    0:55:51 actually. That was the first gift. And then when we were talking a little bit later, and he was
    0:55:56 trying to convince me to stay at the bank, he’s like, “Look, you’re one of our top producers and
    0:56:02 performers, but culturally, you don’t really fit. You dress like Linda Rodstead and you laugh too
    0:56:08 much,” which now I think may have been code for you’re not actually acting enough like, you know,
    0:56:14 an elite one of us. And I realized in that moment that not only did I want to see how we could
    0:56:20 actually use the tools of banking to solve poverty, but that if I stayed, that he was
    0:56:25 essentially asking me to be a completely different person. And that helped make the decision.
    0:56:30 What was your next move? You know, some people will get to checkmate in one move,
    0:56:33 but it’s often an evolution. Where did you go from there?
    0:56:37 Well, the next move was telling my parents that I had to make the decision.
    0:56:40 Oh, yeah. Tell us about that.
    0:56:48 Giving up on, you know, this little class immigrant family saw as the job of lifetime and to make
    0:56:56 it worse, the COO of Chase, Tonya Trisiano, who just such an amazing man, was giving me an opportunity
    0:57:02 then. I think he liked that I was this scrappy bartender girl and not the more refined version
    0:57:07 that my immediate boss wanted. He really gave me an opportunity that could have changed,
    0:57:13 would have changed the trajectory of my life. My dad thought I was giving up that opportunity.
    0:57:17 My mother thought I would never marry. Both had truth in what they were saying.
    0:57:21 And so I think that was incredibly hard because we were all raised to
    0:57:27 quote unquote do the right thing. I was looking for an opportunity to get to Brazil,
    0:57:32 but I found one that would bring me to West Africa, which was absolutely not on my playbook,
    0:57:39 but I realized that this was a chance to pursue a different kind of dream that was looking at
    0:57:43 taking the tools of banking and reaching low income people. I read about Muhammad Yunus in the
    0:57:52 Grammy Bank and other heroes of mine, and I wanted to try it myself. And so I went. And as you said,
    0:57:58 it was sort of a next move. I met with absolute crushing failure, made all the worse because
    0:58:04 I turned down this really big job offer. So we’re going to definitely roll up our
    0:58:10 sleeves and get into the crushing failure. But before we do, maybe we’ll get into another failure.
    0:58:14 I have no idea because I don’t know the details of this, but how did the conversation with your
    0:58:18 parents go? Did you deliver it in a way that they were able to hear? If so, what was that way?
    0:58:23 Did you try it? And they were just like, terrible idea. Time will tell. Watch us.
    0:58:26 You know, this is the end. That was the end of the conversation. I mean,
    0:58:29 how did it turn out and how did you approach it? Or maybe the other way around?
    0:58:32 Well, I just told them what I was going to do.
    0:58:36 So you didn’t say, I’m thinking of actually just like, this is what I’m doing. I’m giving
    0:58:41 you guys a heads up. Heads up. This is really, you know, it’s not such a request. It’s a,
    0:58:44 this is what I’m going to do next. And my mother was like, you are out of your mind.
    0:58:51 She could be very forceful then. And what she will say now is that she kind of understood by
    0:58:58 then that I had a very strong will when I decided something. I don’t think I quite understood until
    0:59:08 much later how afraid they were. This is pre-internet, pre-cell phone, pre-real understanding of what
    0:59:15 this big continent was about. The only images they had of Africa was as almost as a single
    0:59:22 country rather than 54, all looking like Ethiopia during the famine of 1983. Probably the worst
    0:59:26 thing that she said to people was, you know, I could understand if you were a nun. And I was
    0:59:34 like, what are you doing? I think there was a lot of fear. I think there was a lot of fear.
    0:59:40 What’s been so thrilling is to watch them along the journey, not only feel deeply proud,
    0:59:45 but get more and more excited. And that happened fairly quickly as long as we had a few rules.
    0:59:50 If I went to a war zone, I didn’t tell them till after I got back because communication was too
    0:59:56 hard. It was not fair to them. I think those are things that parents don’t have to deal with today
    1:00:01 because they can be a more constant contact. So before we get to the crushing defeat,
    1:00:06 which I definitely want to spend a little time on, how did you find the next opportunity? Because
    1:00:13 I think many people listening will have some experience, maybe it’s a current experience,
    1:00:19 of doing something that generates income but that is not deeply rewarding to them on some level.
    1:00:23 And they want to have a greater impact. They don’t know what to do. I’m not asking so much
    1:00:29 for prescriptive advice yet. We might get to that. But how did you at that time, especially this
    1:00:36 pre-internet, how did you find this next lily pad to jump to? And then please tell us about your
    1:00:44 crushing defeat. Again, we had far less tools then. And so I had read one tiny article about
    1:00:52 Grammy Bank, which was still very obscure. I sent a letter to Muhammad Yunus that probably never
    1:00:59 reached Bangladesh. And then I heard from a young woman who also was at Chase that her aunt
    1:01:05 had started an organization called Women’s World Banking and that there might be an opportunity.
    1:01:10 So I just went there and offered myself to go to Brazil. And as I said,
    1:01:16 she said, “We don’t have any opportunity there. We do though in West Africa.” And I just took it.
    1:01:22 It was super risky. It didn’t come with health insurance. It just was an opportunity.
    1:01:26 I knew that if I were waiting for the perfect, I wouldn’t have done it. I also knew I might lose
    1:01:32 my nerve. And it was the only thing that was on offer to really test out my theory that
    1:01:38 the tools of business and banking could actually serve people who had been fully left out.
    1:01:42 And I don’t think it was until I was actually on the plane listening to Joni Mitchell’s
    1:01:49 blue album over and over and weeping that it really hit me that I was on my own.
    1:01:53 Why were you weeping? Was it fear? Was it something else?
    1:01:59 I think it was loss, everything I’d left behind, no understanding of where I was going,
    1:02:08 fear, a lot of loss in transition. And then the minute I landed, both excitement for being there
    1:02:15 and yet almost immediate confrontation with the first big true failure of my life,
    1:02:21 which was that I had been told that I had this opportunity to be an ambassador to
    1:02:26 African women. I was going to help build all these microfinance organizations across
    1:02:31 the region. And I would say the arrogance underneath was that I was going to save the world,
    1:02:37 at least this part of it. And what the confrontation helped me understand
    1:02:44 pretty quickly was that most people don’t want to be saved and certainly not by a 25-year-old
    1:02:51 white American girl whose French was not very good and who had very little understanding
    1:02:58 whatsoever of the local culture. And so I hung in there for a number of months. It was very hairy.
    1:03:00 Hairy in what way?
    1:03:05 Everything from just kind of a daily rejection where I would go to my little office in the
    1:03:11 African Development Bank and the door would be locked or I was supposed to do this big conference
    1:03:15 and I would ask people for help and they’d be like, “Snipe on me. That’s not my job.”
    1:03:19 “Okay, I didn’t really know where to go.” And then this one Nigerian extraordinary
    1:03:24 woman befriended me and she’s like, “You know, they really want you out the powers that be.”
    1:03:29 And so don’t eat anything in front of the women who didn’t want me in the country.
    1:03:31 And I said, “What do you mean don’t eat anything?” She’s like, “Well, they’re
    1:03:35 going to poison you and they’re also talking about voodoo.”
    1:03:43 “Holy shit. Jesus.” And you know, I don’t believe in voodoo, but I will tell you
    1:03:48 when you are stripped down to nothing and you’re afraid to eat anything in front of people and
    1:03:53 you’re being locked out of your office and you don’t really have much of a safety to add,
    1:03:57 nor do you know a single person except for this incredible Nigerian woman who’s befriended you,
    1:04:06 I would lie in bed and be like, “Is anybody here coming to get me?” And then I got
    1:04:11 unbelievably sick with food poisoning. Like, deathly sick.
    1:04:15 Did you think it was poisoning or did you think it was food poisoning? I mean,
    1:04:18 after hearing that story, my God, I mean, I would imagine…
    1:04:24 I couldn’t go there. I couldn’t go there. She thought it might be poisoning, but
    1:04:30 I didn’t remember eating anything in front of anybody and I was a little thing to start off with
    1:04:37 and so after about eight days of just lying on the bathroom floor, I decided it was enough
    1:04:46 and told the women, trying to be respectful but also clear that I got what they were saying.
    1:04:54 I really heard that they had not asked for anybody like me and that we shouldn’t be
    1:05:00 just parachuting in to go and build things without doing it in real partnership and that
    1:05:07 that was a mistake on every level, including mine and nobody should be treated the way that
    1:05:13 they treated me and that both were true. That said, I left everything that I owned in the boxes that
    1:05:19 I had in the Abidjan Hilton goodness knows whatever happened to them and I moved to East Africa
    1:05:24 where I started again hopefully with a lot more humility and maybe a different kind of courage.
    1:05:30 Was it with the same organization? I have to ask because I’m sure I’m wondering and I’m
    1:05:36 sure people listening are wondering. I’ve heard stories of resistance and conflict
    1:05:41 when people parachute into different places, whether it’s with an NGO or with other organizations.
    1:05:48 I have never heard of possible poisoning. That is a next level. How do you explain that?
    1:05:56 Would the intent be to make you sick to kill you? I don’t know how to make sense of that degree
    1:06:04 of counter attack. Again, I think it’s really dangerous to assume but I think that
    1:06:13 what I’ve learned and what I used to read novels about the mystical and the magical,
    1:06:21 that in cultures including the United States that were very orally based, storytelling,
    1:06:31 myth making can be as powerful and potent as the real things. There was particularly those years,
    1:06:38 a lot of giddy giddy people believed in and wearing different amulets and medicines. In a way,
    1:06:43 you see the guys at Silicon Valley kind of replacing that with new things that we do to
    1:06:49 give us a sense of strength. The way I always attributed it to, which is why I would never
    1:06:58 accuse anyone having done it, but the threat of it and my own fear and isolation may have been made
    1:07:09 manifest in this literal purging that I did. The threats were not that unusual. Again, I see it in
    1:07:18 places where there’s often insecurity and deeply oral based society. You got to remember too, Tim,
    1:07:26 it was 30 years ago and the world operated in very different ways then. I just was caught up in this
    1:07:32 world that I had no understanding of and, of course, is now a place that I’m deeply in love with
    1:07:39 and love all of its different layers and see the reflection in our own societies.
    1:07:46 We just make manifest in different ways. At the time, though, you had just suffered this
    1:07:52 defeat of sorts. It had really met with tremendous opposition. What was your first meaningful win
    1:07:59 after that in your mind? Could it be small or big? The first time when you’re like,
    1:08:03 “Okay, this isn’t a fool’s errand. I’m actually on to something. I’m on the right track here.”
    1:08:07 That’s such an interesting question. I had another crushing failure right after
    1:08:14 where I analyzed a bank portfolio, a microfinance organization, and saw that I was excited by seeing
    1:08:19 all of the problems in the portfolio and the CEO, rather than sharing my excitement that now we
    1:08:24 could actually fix the problems, burned my work, and didn’t want to work with me after that.
    1:08:29 I had to learn a whole new approach clearly. That was in East Africa?
    1:08:36 That was in Kenya. I had a second big failure. The little wins were that in my everyday life,
    1:08:41 the relationships that I was building, including with the person who served tea
    1:08:50 with drivers were quite real. I kept going back to this human potential that I was seeing all around
    1:08:57 me and starting to understand the crushingly complex systems that were in their way that nobody
    1:09:04 really wanted to confront, including the supposed good guys, the NGOs, the nonprofits, the leaders
    1:09:10 who were also arbiters of who got resources and who didn’t. It actually reinforced for me
    1:09:16 why I believed in the power of business, of entrepreneurship, because I was in this other
    1:09:23 world where who got control of the resources meant everything. The first real win for me was when a
    1:09:29 woman walked into my office in Nairobi and said that she was from Rwanda, which was a country I
    1:09:36 was completely unfamiliar with at the time. In fact, I thought she said Uganda and they had just
    1:09:46 passed a new law that abolished Napoleonic code. Under Napoleonic code, women were put in the same
    1:09:53 category as children and the mentally impaired. Until that moment, we were unable to open a
    1:10:00 bank account without their husband’s signature. She asked me if I would go to the country to do
    1:10:05 a study, if you will, for whether it might be possible to create some kind of financial institution,
    1:10:14 specifically for women. It was the first time an African woman had asked me to help solve a problem.
    1:10:21 I think I was so beat up by then, and yet really did feel the sense that if we could
    1:10:26 get markets to work for poor women, they would have so much more dignity than what I’ve been seeing,
    1:10:31 that I probably went for a three-week assignment and knew somewhere inside of me that I wasn’t
    1:10:39 leaving to weight-build a bank. Presumably, that’s what happened. What happened?
    1:10:46 So that’s what happened. I mean, a couple things happened. Again, I had learned from my own lack of
    1:10:52 humility that it would have been really easy to go in there and be like, “I, I, I, I,” but that
    1:10:58 if we were going to build an enduring institution, and I deeply believe in enduring institutions,
    1:11:05 that I had to be a minor role, even if I was doing a lot of the legwork. And so I was really
    1:11:13 lucky to find a small group of Rwandan powerhouse women who are my co-founders, and we did everything
    1:11:20 together. It reinforced the African adage that if you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go
    1:11:26 far, go together. And it became one of the most extraordinary experiences of my life because
    1:11:32 I saw that you really could change a little corner of history with the right people,
    1:11:36 the right kind of capital, the right value system, and certainly a lot of hard work.
    1:11:44 I want to just put a bookmark in that for a second and ask, from that initial plane flight,
    1:11:53 crying, listening to Joni Mitchell, to that Rwandan woman walking into your office,
    1:12:02 how much time had elapsed roughly? Roughly, probably seven months. Okay. So over that
    1:12:10 seven-month period, what were the ingredients that kept you going? Was it that you’d said to
    1:12:14 yourself, “Come hell or high water, I’m sticking around for a year,” and you made that kind of
    1:12:18 commitment? Was it, “I cannot go back to the U.S. with my tail between my legs and let all these
    1:12:26 naysayers prove themselves right.” Was it something else? I’m just wondering what kept you kind of
    1:12:33 slogging away over that period of time. I would say that the whole first year and a half was that
    1:12:42 slog. I would say a combination of this man, Tony Tresiano, when he’d given me this job offer and
    1:12:49 he was like, “You’re going to go to Africa instead of do this?” And I was like, “Mr. Tresiano,
    1:12:54 don’t you understand? If I don’t go, I might never do it.” That moment kept coming back to
    1:13:00 me and it’s like, how could I go back to him as a complete failure? I have to show him that we can
    1:13:10 do something. But also, Tim, I saw the vibrancy. I saw the beauty in this world that I had never
    1:13:17 imagined existed with people who were so aminantly capable but who weren’t really given a chance to
    1:13:24 be everything that they could be. And it didn’t seem like rocket science to me to build different
    1:13:29 kinds of systems that actually allowed their capability to flourish. And so I think it was a
    1:13:37 mix of hubris and a desire to be used in ways that I felt that I had something to offer.
    1:13:46 So coming back to the bookmark of Rwanda and you finally start to in close collaboration with these
    1:13:54 co-founders, these local women, create something meaningful. You start to chalk up some marks
    1:14:03 in the win category. How do we go from there to Acumen? What is the timeline or the series of events
    1:14:09 that leads? And I know we’re covering earlier chapters, but I like really looking at these
    1:14:15 things closely because it shows the development before you reach escape velocity. And I think that’s
    1:14:21 makes for, at least for me, a fascinating study because people get to see
    1:14:27 sort of how you got to the point where you could self-perpetuate and kind of build success on
    1:14:37 success. So Rwanda to Acumen. So Rwanda to Acumen saw both the power of using markets. With the
    1:14:43 microfinance, I learned that it wasn’t enough that giving women just small loans was amazing,
    1:14:49 that you could give them access to credit at, say, 12% a year rather than 400% a year, which is what
    1:14:55 they paid the money lenders, that you could build community. My assumption that if you gave women
    1:15:00 small bits of credit, that it would be enough for them to create jobs was wrong. Most people
    1:15:04 aren’t entrepreneurs. And that’s probably a really good thing. I could say it as an entrepreneur
    1:15:14 married to an entrepreneur. We need the builders. We need all these other personalities around us.
    1:15:20 So I also started a little bakery with 20 women to really understand what it would take to build
    1:15:26 entities that gave people good jobs. And that was a whole other learning point in the apprenticeship,
    1:15:33 if you will, before Acumen, that access to markets is important without the capabilities
    1:15:41 of actually using those that access. We’re only halfway there. I think because I was
    1:15:47 beginning to understand that I wanted to build companies, not just make small loans,
    1:15:52 that I wanted new skills. Also, in the context of East Africa at the time,
    1:15:59 degrees and other markers of success, particularly for women, seemed really important.
    1:16:04 I was often called in Chitano-Kidogo, which means little girl, even though we actually created
    1:16:08 a very successful lending operation. So I applied to Stanford Business School. It was the only
    1:16:12 school I applied to, but I thought, well, if I get in good, if I don’t, it doesn’t matter.
    1:16:21 Why Stanford? Besides the pretty trees on palm drive. It was really, really hard to get an
    1:16:27 application anywhere. We only had word processors. We didn’t have computers. It took 10 days to get
    1:16:34 a letter to Stanford or wherever. And then another 10 days after they sent the application to you.
    1:16:39 And then you had to write on that little airplane paper, send it back. It was a nightmare.
    1:16:46 And that particular year, Harvard, on its annual report, had a picture of all of the
    1:16:52 graduates with dollar signs on the back of their hats. And I thought, well,
    1:16:59 I think I might be a misfit, given that I really want to solve poverty.
    1:17:06 That is so bad. That is so bad. And then I feel like close friends have gone to Harvard,
    1:17:10 but oh, God, that’s terrible. But put yourself back there, right? 1987. That was the height.
    1:17:14 That was the Mike Milliken. That was like the height of market belief. In fact,
    1:17:22 market fundamentalism. Gordon Gekko. Exactly. And so Stanford had a public management program
    1:17:27 that I thought fit more with what I wanted to do with my life. It was very clear that I didn’t
    1:17:32 want to go back to just make money. I wanted to go back to build the tools to build companies that
    1:17:38 could employ and serve poor people. And so at Stanford, I met an extraordinary mentor named
    1:17:44 John Gardner. And I think he shaped my life as well in terms of getting me focused on the United
    1:17:49 States as the rest of the world and talk to me about the importance of leadership, which I hadn’t
    1:17:54 really thought about as much, Tim. Then I went to the Rockefeller Foundation, where I really saw
    1:18:00 the power of philanthropy. So by the time I was nearing 40, I had worked in the private sector
    1:18:06 with banking. I had built several institutions, but most notably due to Rembrandt, the microfinance
    1:18:12 organization, and this bakery and a couple of others. And then probably the other critical
    1:18:19 thing that happened was the Rwandan genocide. So suddenly, having worked on a social justice
    1:18:27 institution by then that had been in existence for seven years and seeing a country explode into a
    1:18:34 bloodbath, losing many of the people that I loved and that I worked with, and seeing my co-founders
    1:18:39 play out every role of the genocide from being murdered, to watching their families be murdered,
    1:18:48 to being bystanders. I think that was probably one of the most important, not experiences,
    1:18:55 because God forbid I had watched it from afar. But both an understanding of patient capital,
    1:19:00 that the work of change is so often a couple of steps forward, and sometimes the whole thing blows
    1:19:09 up, that societies are highly complex. And again, that at the heart of my work had to be a redefinition
    1:19:15 of what poverty was, that we so often look at poverty and we think the answer is income. The
    1:19:21 answer is jobs. What I had seen by now, both in banking and in development and certainly with
    1:19:29 the genocide, is that the opposite of poverty is dignity. It is having a choice, having opportunity,
    1:19:36 having agency over who you are in your life and what you’re capable of doing. And we missed that.
    1:19:45 And that was really the beginning of Acumen, that we have all these tools. We have the superpower
    1:19:52 in capitalism. But when we raise it to the rank of religion, and everything goes around one end
    1:20:00 profit, we can do amazing things, but we exclude a huge chunk of the world. And we create great
    1:20:06 inequality. We’re seeing that today, not to mention, not consider the environment. If government decides
    1:20:12 everything or top down approaches to aid, it’s just too easy to give to the people that are
    1:20:19 close to you or for reasons that have nothing to do with anything but power. And so the question
    1:20:24 I started asking myself is, what if we looked at capitalist capital, understand it exists on a
    1:20:32 spectrum, take the power of business and capital, but rather than let it control us, control it
    1:20:39 in service of creating a world where we can actually solve our problems. Acumen was born in
    1:20:45 2001, with that idea in mind. We’re going to spend a fair amount of time on Acumen. No big
    1:20:53 surprise there. But I want to spend just a few more moments on the Rwandan genocide, because I think
    1:21:03 it may be helpful in exploring the tendency that we all have to oversimplify things. And
    1:21:10 the example that comes to mind, and this is based on reading and prepping for this conversation
    1:21:15 that I’d love to hear you speak to, is the tendency to separate the world into monsters
    1:21:24 and angels and how unhelpful that can be. And I think you alluded to it with your description
    1:21:31 of co-workers and people you knew or certainly people you had exposure to being on all sides
    1:21:37 of this genocide. Victims, bystanders, perpetrators, I’m sure you had interacted on some level,
    1:21:41 even just going to the market or otherwise with people who were on all sides of this.
    1:21:48 Could you speak to that? Because I wrote it down because it seemed important, not just within the
    1:21:55 context of a genocide, obviously, but just within the context of life in general. I’d love to hear
    1:22:01 any thoughts. First thought is absolutely that I didn’t just know people in the market. Our first
    1:22:07 executive director was jealous being one of the highest ranking or the highest ranking planner at
    1:22:14 the genocide. Before the genocide, she was co-creating a liberal party based on multi-tribal
    1:22:20 democracy with another one of our co-founders. But when it was clear that power looked like it was
    1:22:29 going to who to power or the genocide regime, she switched. And so early on, I saw those who seek
    1:22:40 power and those who seek purpose. And that power can be very tempting. And I also saw how in a
    1:22:48 time of real insecurity, and we’re in one again, it can be very easy for demagogic leaders at all
    1:22:54 levels of society to prey on insecurity and sometimes make us do terrible things. And that’s
    1:23:03 where monsters and angels came in. I was literally sitting in a prison with Agnes, the woman who
    1:23:10 was the major perpetrator, needy asking her how this could have happened. And there she was, Tim,
    1:23:17 in a pink dress of the prisoner’s uniform, her head shaped bald with a freckled face. She looked
    1:23:27 like a young woman. She didn’t look like a monster. And we had founded this institution together.
    1:23:32 We’re taught that there are bad people and good people, monsters and angels. And yet the truth
    1:23:38 of the matter is that monsters and angels live in every single one of us. Monsters are our broken
    1:23:45 parts. They are our petty fears, our insecurities, the grievances that grow. And it’s just too damn
    1:23:53 easy to pull into those parts when we, as a society, feel insecure. We blame other people.
    1:24:02 We other them. And that was very much at the heart of the genocide. And that has very much
    1:24:08 informed the way I see the world and the way I’d acumen, even the way that we talk about and
    1:24:14 inscribe our values. It’s always intention. It’s always recognizing the light in the dark
    1:24:20 and almost any choice that we make so that we’re much more cognizant, that there is no system
    1:24:26 that’s all good, nor is there any human being that is all good or all bad. I worry sometimes
    1:24:32 when I hear conversations in the social media moment that we are in, that it’s capitalism’s
    1:24:36 fault. It’s socialism’s fault. It’s stakeholders, it’s shareholders, rather than could we focus on
    1:24:44 the values here? What are we trying to solve? And then can we pull back and find ways to
    1:24:48 use the best of the tools that we have at our disposal and actually solve that problem?
    1:24:54 Everything you just said, I think, is so… It’s always been important. I think it’s exceptionally
    1:24:59 important when you have technologies that are, in a sense, designed to polarize, because the
    1:25:06 incentives are such that that becomes sort of a driving design and engineering imperative,
    1:25:14 in a sense. And just to comment a bit further on that, I would encourage everyone out there to
    1:25:22 look at the work of Darren Brown. So Darren Brown is a mentalist, performer, also an incredible
    1:25:28 artist from the UK. And he has a number of specials, including one called The Push. He is
    1:25:35 another, I can’t recall the name of, but the objective, putting ethical considerations aside,
    1:25:44 the objective is to show how you can mold people who are otherwise upstanding moral people to do
    1:25:49 terrible things, like push someone off a building or to shoot someone. And the sad reality is that
    1:25:58 it is very much possible and that it’s easy to sit on a moral high horse and levy judgment
    1:26:03 against others and to say, “I would never have participated in a Rwandan genocide,” or “I never
    1:26:10 would have been a member of the Nazi party,” and so on and so forth. But it’s not quite that simple,
    1:26:17 right? And I think to simplify it down to the black and white, people being all one or all
    1:26:23 other, is not in service of solutions. I really appreciate you expanding on that.
    1:26:29 Let’s jump to Acumen. Acumen, how do you choose the name or how is the name decided?
    1:26:36 Acumen stands for perspective insight. While we started Acumen, I was focused on revolutionizing
    1:26:42 philanthropy. And too often, the way we think about philanthropy is soft. This was saying,
    1:26:48 again, hard and the soft, you’ve got to bring an edge, start with business, start with insight,
    1:26:53 build from there, and bring the same level of accountability that you would expect from a
    1:26:58 financial investment into the world of social change, therefore Acumen.
    1:27:02 So could you just recap for people? I know we mentioned it in the bio,
    1:27:07 but a lot has been discussed so far. What does Acumen do?
    1:27:13 Acumen does three things. First, we invest the long-term patient capital. This is 10 to 15-year
    1:27:19 investment backed by philanthropy, so equity and debt into entrepreneurs that are going where
    1:27:28 markets have failed. Healthcare, education, energy, agriculture. We will invest not only for 10 to
    1:27:35 15 years, but we accompany those entrepreneurs with our social capital, our access to networks,
    1:27:42 to supply chains, to knowledge, sometimes to talent. Any money that comes back gets reinvested.
    1:27:47 As you said, Tim, to grow these companies and scale is at the heart of everything that we do.
    1:27:52 We then need to tap into more traditional forms of capital in the impact investing space,
    1:27:58 so we also have a management company that runs several for-profit impact funds.
    1:28:06 The second thing we do is build a community of builders through the World School for Social
    1:28:13 Change Acumen Academy, and that is not only trying to identify, link, inspire the talent that exists,
    1:28:19 I believe, in every corner of the world, but also to offer rules, tools, blueprints,
    1:28:26 so that anyone anywhere who wants to be on the path of social change using this combination of
    1:28:32 head and heart, hard skills, and what I think are the even harder skills can be part of it.
    1:28:38 The third is to measure what matters. If you’re going to say that you invest for impact, you better
    1:28:47 be able to measure what that impact is. A couple of years ago, we spun off a company called 60
    1:28:54 decibels that uses an approach to measuring change that we created called Lean Data,
    1:28:59 which we can talk about. It essentially upholds one of our main values, which is listening,
    1:29:07 and it measures impact not from the perspective of the giver or the investor, but from the recipients,
    1:29:11 from the customers themselves, so that we can actually serve the poor in ways that we hope to.
    1:29:18 Does the Lean Data, and I may ask some follow-up questions just to ensure I’m clear on
    1:29:27 how it works, does that apply to the for-profit investing as well, the for-profit impact funds?
    1:29:33 Yeah, and in fact, the reason we spun it out is a number of other non-profit and for-profit funds
    1:29:41 asked us if we would essentially provide them with Lean Data consulting, and we thought that,
    1:29:44 again, going back to our mission, we want to change the way the world tackles poverty,
    1:29:49 we would serve that mission better if we spun it out, let it grow, and that 60 decibels,
    1:29:54 which has been really exciting to watch, take off. I’d love to see BlackRock using it, frankly.
    1:29:57 All right, BlackRock, I’m sure there’s somebody listening.
    1:29:57 Come and get you.
    1:30:05 Let’s just assume they are listening, and also for my benefit, for listeners,
    1:30:12 could you just reiterate what Lean Data are? I’m going to be a pompous Princetonian.
    1:30:18 What exactly is or are Lean Data? Because the question of measuring impact is one that,
    1:30:24 at least in my circles, comes up a lot. How do you actually do this? How do you try to invest,
    1:30:30 not just for ROI, but for good, for impact, but how do you do that without just waving your hands
    1:30:35 around and claiming that you’ve done a lot of good? I’d love to hear you expand on that.
    1:30:39 We invest in entrepreneurs that are trying to build markets where they haven’t existed for
    1:30:44 people who make $2 or $3 a day, where there’s no infrastructure, there’s no trust, there are very
    1:30:51 few skills, add talent, there’s a lot of corruption and complacency. It would be really easy for us
    1:30:58 to essentially say that anything we do in a difficult environment is impact, and so we decided
    1:31:03 that we had to hold ourselves accountable to a higher standard, that at the end of the day what
    1:31:10 really matters when it comes to dignity is to record and understand the voices of those you
    1:31:16 are there to serve the poor. For many years, Tim, our impact measuring was fairly mediocre because
    1:31:22 we didn’t have the tools. Once you had cell phone technology and you could text customers,
    1:31:31 suddenly you had a one-on-one communication where you weren’t in the room where people aren’t always
    1:31:35 as likely to tell you the truth because they don’t really think you want to hear it anyway,
    1:31:43 but in this case, the more anonymity they had, the clearer people would give. Imagine a solar light
    1:31:47 company. We’re the largest off-grid solar investor for the poor in the world, so we have a lot of
    1:31:55 them. We could go to a company like Delight and text five, six thousand customers simultaneously,
    1:32:01 ask those customers a series of questions from which we can deduce what matters to them.
    1:32:08 How many more hours of light do they have when they buy a solar home system that gives them
    1:32:14 three lights, a radio, a television? What is the quality of that light? We can measure carbon
    1:32:20 offset. That’s easy. Has their health changed because they’re no longer using dangerous, noxious
    1:32:25 kerosene? Are their children doing better in education, which was an assumption we had when
    1:32:32 we first went into it? Then we collate all of that, and suddenly we can help our entrepreneurs
    1:32:36 understand whether they’re serving people, which is sometimes shocking when they find that they
    1:32:41 actually are not the way that they thought they were. Equally, we can start to look across the
    1:32:50 sector like solar electricity. We can see which companies may have the best product,
    1:32:55 but it’s reaching people with the highest income. You’ve got a trade-off. Which companies are doing
    1:33:02 the most to displace carbon, but they may have another trade-off? Which companies have the happiest
    1:33:09 customers? Then we can decide more effectively where we want to allocate our dollars for impact,
    1:33:15 not only for financial returns. It not only has held us more accountable, Tim. It’s allowed the
    1:33:20 entrepreneurs a much deeper understanding of who their customers are. It allows us to see
    1:33:24 are we actually reaching the poor, which is our mandate, and it’s shown us where we were wrong.
    1:33:32 When it came to off-grid energy, we assumed, as I said, that kids would do better in school. They
    1:33:37 don’t necessarily do better in school. If you want kids to do better in school in really,
    1:33:42 really hot areas, get them a solar system that includes a fan. Because with the fan,
    1:33:48 the air moves at night, bugs are kept away, the kids sleep, they do better. It’s a lean approach
    1:33:54 because you’re not doing a three-year randomized control trial. It is a deep approach because
    1:33:58 you’re hearing from the perspective of those who actually most matter.
    1:34:04 Yeah, the three-year randomized controlled approach has its place. Honestly, and this is
    1:34:09 speaking as someone who is very involved with financing scientific studies, it’s not the right
    1:34:15 tool for all jobs. Particularly when you are outside of a laboratory with lots of
    1:34:23 uncontrolled variables, it’s just trying to hammer screws a lot of the time. I think there’s a real
    1:34:32 place for this lean data approach. I have a question about how this is used. Here’s a hypothetical.
    1:34:38 Maybe it’s not hypothetical. I would imagine you’ve run into this. If you are acting as a
    1:34:44 nonprofit and you’re investing in various enterprises, you can apply this data or offer
    1:34:52 this type of tool across the board. I would imagine with the underlying belief that a rising tides
    1:35:00 raises all ships. Once you are a consultancy and you are providing lean data to for-profit
    1:35:09 companies, would you not say in a given sector, run into someone who wants you to avoid conflicts
    1:35:15 by providing them this data, which could help their businesses or business, and they might say,
    1:35:20 “Hey, I know that you have this valuable data. We would like to be the only one to receive it in
    1:35:25 the X, Y, and Z category. Otherwise, it doesn’t really give us a competitive advantage. Why would
    1:35:30 we pay for it?” Do you ever run into anything like that, much like a law firm would have a conflict
    1:35:35 check? No. I mean, when there’s conflict, then you know you’re onto something and I’m looking
    1:35:40 forward to that day when we do have that conflict. I would say the more internal conversation that
    1:35:47 we have as a board is how transparent to make it so that we start actually taking seriously
    1:35:53 the level of impact that different investors around the world actually are getting.
    1:35:58 You mean transparency in terms of what you learn, how much to make publicly available.
    1:36:03 Yeah. It goes to the ethos. At the beginning of Acumen, even, and I guess it goes to that girl
    1:36:08 we were talking about, I just wanted to know the truth ourselves. Even if the world didn’t care,
    1:36:13 we would always have a forced ranking of our investments. If you just sat there trying to
    1:36:19 defend your investment as an investor, that was the way you could get fired. If you were the one
    1:36:26 who talked about everything that was wrong with it and what made you worried, that was the way
    1:36:32 you could become more of a hero. Now, we’ve grown quite large and I think we have a different set
    1:36:38 of questions that we ask. I think it was that ethos, Tim, of holding ourselves to account for
    1:36:44 the kind of impact that we are trying to create in the world, not protect, that allowed Acumen to
    1:36:50 partner with just incredible market makers like the guys who founded Delight, which has brought
    1:36:55 clean solar light and electricity to over 100 million people and really launched an energy
    1:37:02 revolution and taught me that the kind of investing we need to think about right now at scale doesn’t
    1:37:09 only reward the building of a single company, but those companies who ultimately create entire
    1:37:12 markets. I think that’s the next frontier in so many ways.
    1:37:20 So you gave an example, just one example of many, of just the scale, the large scale impact that
    1:37:26 Acumen and these various spin-offs and for-profit funds have been able to have in the world.
    1:37:36 But if we go back to 2001, circa 2001, Acumen, I always like to ask, aside from Acumen, did you
    1:37:41 have any other names that were on the shortlist for consideration that you remember? Do you remember
    1:37:47 any other rough drafts? Of course I do. Of course I do. In fact, we had 2001, just to put us back
    1:37:54 again, it was the dot-com craziness. Well, 2000, 2001. By the time I picked Acumen and we started,
    1:38:02 there was a bust. But you could not get a URL and no names were working. And so I had this
    1:38:08 night at the Rockefeller Foundation where I was working and we came up with really,
    1:38:11 really great names, including “Ain’t Your Grandma’s Philanthropy.”
    1:38:18 That’s great. I think that was my brother, Mike. I can’t remember, but there was a lot
    1:38:24 of why it evolved to the naming of Acumen. And then I really loved the word “immersion.” I still
    1:38:29 do. It’s one of the principles of moral imagination. There’s a great line from Tilly Olson where she
    1:38:34 says, “May you live a life of immersion.” I’m paraphrasing, “But what price will you pay?”
    1:38:41 To truly understand the complexity of the issues that we are trying to solve, you have to get close.
    1:38:45 Brian Stevenson, the Civil Rights activist, says, “You have to get proximate.” I say,
    1:38:51 “You have to immerse.” It’s the same. But when we did trials, particularly across gender,
    1:38:59 women were attracted to the word “immersion.” Men hated it. And so Acumen seemed a little less
    1:39:02 offensive to one of the two groups.
    1:39:12 How did you test it? Were you sending out a poll to a group of friends? How did you
    1:39:14 do the split testing?
    1:39:19 Well, a friend of mine, Antonio Bowering, was working for a now-no-longer.com called,
    1:39:25 I think it was called March 1st. They did this big ideation project with us. So they actually did
    1:39:32 some true consumer testing. But I also, having so many people in my life and being an extrovert,
    1:39:38 just kept asking, asking, asking. And I couldn’t find a single man who was with me on immersion.
    1:39:42 And in fact, I can remember one person was like, “I just hear that word, Jackson. I feel like you’re
    1:39:50 making me drown in a sea.” He’s like, “Well, there is something to that. There are moments when you
    1:39:55 feel like you’re drowning.” But then you come out to clarity. But so we decided.
    1:40:00 I never would have guessed in a million years that you would have such a gender split on immersion.
    1:40:05 Maybe I’m just a language geek, so I find it attractive as a concept.
    1:40:10 I think now, in fact, our housing company in Pakistan, Javad Aslam, he actually
    1:40:15 named one of his funds, the Immersion Fund. Once you really think about, it’s a beautiful word.
    1:40:23 All of us right now need to immerse more in each other’s lives. All of us need to design with the
    1:40:29 imagination, not just through our own lens, but with the imagination that is morally based.
    1:40:33 You don’t get that if we don’t have immersion. I think it’s changed.
    1:40:38 Yeah, I was just going to ask if you could just explore for a moment. And then we’re going to
    1:40:42 come back to Akemen, and I’m going to ask you about the earliest wins. And if you could speak to
    1:40:48 those. But I don’t want to gloss over moral imagination. Could you just take a moment?
    1:40:55 I think you’re kind of walking into that territory, but just to frame it, what is moral imagination?
    1:41:00 Moral imagination is essentially putting yourself in another’s shoes and building
    1:41:07 from their perspective. As I said, we often design through the lens just of our own imagination.
    1:41:11 That doesn’t work when we’re designing for people whose lives are completely unlike our own.
    1:41:19 So moral imagination starts with empathy. But I’ve learned time and time again that empathy by
    1:41:26 itself reinforces the status quo, or at least risks doing so. And so the idea of moral imagination is
    1:41:34 understanding by immersing a particular problem, and then thinking systemically
    1:41:39 about those issues that get in people’s way, and then frankly being honest enough to recognize
    1:41:43 where people get in their own way. And then moving from there.
    1:41:51 When you say empathy, in some cases, enforces the status quo, could you elaborate on that?
    1:41:57 Do you mean that it’s just an us versus, not verses, but like an us and them kind of the
    1:42:03 savior of the film, the blank? Is it that dichotomy that’s created? Or not that that is what empathy
    1:42:07 does, of course. But what do you mean by enforcing the status quo?
    1:42:11 I think it’s even deeper. I mean, I think when I first learned about the moral imagination was in
    1:42:17 college when I was at Charlottesville, ironically, given everything that happened in Charlottesville
    1:42:26 a few years ago. And I signed up to bring a turkey dinner and all the trappings of a Christmas to this
    1:42:32 community that was 30 minutes away from the university where low income people lived.
    1:42:39 I was also kind of a wild co-ed. And so we had this big party. We asked everyone to bring
    1:42:47 food and toys to make a perfect Christmas for these kids. I was really excited because I felt
    1:42:53 at some level so sorry for these people that didn’t get to have a Christmas. The next morning,
    1:43:00 my girlfriend and I got up and we got in her car. We loaded it with all the stuff. We were both
    1:43:07 completely hungover. We drove into this place that I’d never been to a place like that before. And
    1:43:13 it was literally when we got to the house. It’s like a shanty, a shack. And suddenly I just felt
    1:43:20 shame, Tim. I was like, Oh my God, like, I don’t know who these kids are. I don’t know what kind
    1:43:26 of things they like. I don’t know if the parents want the kids to know that somebody else is bringing
    1:43:33 them Christmas. And this is all wrong. And literally, I said to Suzanne, my friend, I was like,
    1:43:40 just keep the car running and grab the stuff. I ran it. I threw it on the porch. I ran back
    1:43:45 to the car. It was like, just go. And I think in a way, it was the beginning of my moral imagination
    1:43:52 that that act was an act of empathy. It was well intended. And I hope that they had a really
    1:43:58 lovely Christmas. But the moral imagination would have said, look, am I willing to do the work of
    1:44:04 actually understanding who these people are at the very least and building from there?
    1:44:12 If I’m not, find an organization that does even better, ask the questions around what got them
    1:44:17 there in the first place. And where can I be spending my time and my energy and my capital
    1:44:24 to solve that problem? And I’m not saying we shouldn’t give charity. I think there’s a real
    1:44:31 role for moving from that place of empathy and from that place of unbridled love in a moment.
    1:44:38 Our job right now when when the pandemic and everything that’s happened in the world
    1:44:44 has broken our systems open is to think bigger than that and to hold ourselves to account
    1:44:48 at a systemic level. And that’s that’s what my obsession is.
    1:44:54 Thank you for explaining that and telling that story also, which I think drives it home.
    1:45:05 Acumen. So, wing and a prayer. Good idea. You’ve tested the name. Here we go. Buckle up.
    1:45:14 Do you recall any of the first wins where you’re like, okay, I think this might actually do something?
    1:45:20 Oh, yeah. I recall it like it was yesterday. We had helped put together this collaboration,
    1:45:28 this deal to bring long-lasting malaria bed nets into Tanzania and started with Sumitomo who had
    1:45:35 developed this bed net and also recognized that 95% of malaria is in Africa and yet there was no
    1:45:42 manufacturing capability for this particular kind of bed net. And so it was a real experiment. Could
    1:45:47 we build manufacturing capability with similar throughput rates to the kind that you might get
    1:45:53 in Asia where the long lasting bed nets were created. We went through all these different
    1:46:00 entrepreneurs. We identified this incredible guy named Anusha in Arusha, Tanzania and worked with
    1:46:07 Global Fund to buy these nets and didn’t really know what it was going to look like. And of course,
    1:46:12 I had seen a lot of things fail. This was a complex collaboration. And then I went to go visit
    1:46:19 just as the factory was getting going and there was one line of bed net making machines. And I
    1:46:25 was like, this is cool. I love operations, factory operations. A few months later, I went back and
    1:46:31 there were four. A few months later, I went back and there were eight. And there was that moment
    1:46:37 when suddenly I was seeing hundreds of women operating these machines that I thought, oh my
    1:46:43 goodness, we’re doing this. And then they ended up creating jobs for 10,000 people, manufacturing 30
    1:46:49 million nets a year. They ended up being 15% of global production. And when you think about that,
    1:46:56 that’s like a half a billion people who have gotten access to malaria bed nets because of this
    1:47:02 little company and not so little anymore. Company in Arusha, Tanzania. I was like, Bingo,
    1:47:10 this is what we’re about. Boom, proof of concept. Boom. Let’s look at this example,
    1:47:17 because I’d like to explore the thought process or the process a bit in so much as I think
    1:47:26 many people who are considering impact investing or even perhaps starting a firm or a fund or a
    1:47:36 company that has that as its intended purpose, particularly a fund, they might solicit proposals
    1:47:41 or business proposals and then choose from that menu of options. But it seems like you started with
    1:47:47 selecting a problem and then you canvassed to find candidates. Is that how you approached it?
    1:47:53 In the beginning, we selected a sectors. We were mostly focused at the very beginning on
    1:47:58 health technologies. And then the idea was we would find entrepreneurs. I was and am such a
    1:48:04 believer in entrepreneurs. And in fact, people would say, oh, are you trying to solve malaria?
    1:48:09 And I’d be like, no, we are trying to find those health technologies that could fundamentally
    1:48:14 change people’s lives and bring them dignity. Now, again, we’re in a very different place where
    1:48:21 we have all local teams on the ground. Depending on the region, there’s much more focus
    1:48:28 on the sectors. And Tim, what we find then is if you think about Acumen as a laboratory,
    1:48:33 when we see a company really move up like a daylight, then we can start to build
    1:48:39 other companies around it to really help create that ecosystem. So we’re a bit different.
    1:48:45 In the US, for instance, it wouldn’t make sense for us to be looking at off-grid energy or investing
    1:48:49 in the social determinants of healthcare, financial inclusion and workforce development,
    1:48:55 which we feel are so critical to where the nation is now when it comes to the poor or low-income
    1:49:03 people. You mentioned Sumitomo, which is Japanese. And developing an ecosystem around a company is
    1:49:07 in some ways a very Japanese concept or something that’s been very well explored and developed
    1:49:13 in the Keita to these, I suppose, conglomerates would be a lazy way to translate that in Japan.
    1:49:20 But that’s… As is a very long-term approach. Yeah, absolutely. I mean, let’s look at some
    1:49:24 of these companies. They’ve lasted a very long time. They’re not five or 10-year companies.
    1:49:34 I look at your story. I look at your chronology. And one thing that stands out to me, and please
    1:49:42 feel free to disabuse me of any misconceptions, but you cut your teeth in banking. You got to
    1:49:49 understand that machine from the inside. You then… Well, simultaneously, in some respects,
    1:49:54 and then after, looked at microfinance, access to capital. You started a bakery. I don’t think
    1:49:59 that’s a small thing. You actually wore boots on the ground, getting first-hand experience
    1:50:05 in an immersive way of what entrepreneurship looked like in your chosen environment.
    1:50:16 You got your ass kicked in West Africa. But put another way, you really got an extended
    1:50:24 education on someone else’s charter with someone else’s organization and support. You,
    1:50:30 through that entire period of time, are developing grit, learning what doesn’t work,
    1:50:34 certain approaches to parachuting it. You’re learning conversely what does work.
    1:50:40 And then, suddenly, you’re Jacqueline Novogratz, founder and CEO of Acumen. But I think it’s
    1:50:48 tempting for people to jump straight to the Acumen. And I’d love to hear you answer the question,
    1:50:53 what advice you would give to young people who say they want to change the world? Because it
    1:50:59 strikes me that if you had tried to jump straight to Acumen, correct me if I’m wrong, but you wouldn’t
    1:51:03 have been viewed as backable. You wouldn’t have had the operational experience. It just wouldn’t
    1:51:10 have worked. I sometimes worry that these young or older people, quite frankly, who could really
    1:51:17 make a positive dent in the world, are putting the cart before the horse in terms of skill
    1:51:20 development. They don’t have the chops, but they want to change the world.
    1:51:25 You’ve spoken to students. I know you’ve given commencement speeches, but
    1:51:30 for those people listening who are like, “I just want to change the world,” what advice would you
    1:51:35 give to them? Well, the first would be this idea of just following your passion. I don’t even really
    1:51:43 even understand what that means. Even though my whole life, I have been very clear about the
    1:51:50 way I wanted to create change and for whom. It wasn’t this, as you said, out of the box,
    1:51:55 really understanding that we were going to use different forms of capital and support it with
    1:52:02 the right kind of talent to work a system to create real change. I would say just start. Don’t
    1:52:08 start by asking, “What is my purpose? What is my passion?” Start by asking, “What are the problems
    1:52:16 that need to be solved? Which ones attract me?” Take a step toward that. Take one step, and the
    1:52:21 work will teach you where you need to take the next step. Build tools in your toolbox. If you
    1:52:26 still don’t know what your passion or your purpose is as you take those steps, follow a leader
    1:52:31 and learn from that leader. There is something so powerful, and I think this is what you’re getting
    1:52:40 at too, Tim, in apprenticing. I would say I apprenticed for 15 years. Also, to your point,
    1:52:47 that bakery in some ways probably looked like a Girl Scout project to a lot of people.
    1:52:50 When I think about some of the most important things I’ve ever done in my life,
    1:52:58 that one sits at the top for all the reasons that you implied. I had to learn the gritty realities,
    1:53:04 talk about learning humility. I also saw that we could succeed, and I had to let go of a lot of
    1:53:12 my assumptions yet again. I do think you’re right. Skipping steps, particularly because life is both
    1:53:17 shorter than we think it is and it’s longer than we think it is. It doesn’t serve the world and it
    1:53:24 doesn’t serve you. Here, here. I don’t know if you’ve said this or written it, but I vaguely
    1:53:30 remember, and maybe you can provide some context here for when it was said or written, but something
    1:53:37 along the lines of if you try to keep all of your options open, you may just end up with a bunch
    1:53:42 of options. I actually think Jim Collins said that to me when I was lucky enough to be his student,
    1:53:48 and I paraphrased Jim. I say that a lot, where it’s like, “Well, Jacqueline, I need to keep my
    1:53:57 options open.” I’m like, “Seriously? Just commit to something.” This, we don’t tell young people
    1:54:04 or even old people. We don’t expect that enough, but I think the cult of the individual is also
    1:54:11 the cult of optionality. The secret is that when you commit to something, particularly something
    1:54:18 bigger than yourself, it will set you free. Suddenly, you will find a freedom and a layering
    1:54:20 of life that you never really understood you had.
    1:54:26 That is something that I don’t think I would have fully been able to wrap my head around until
    1:54:34 just in the last few years, really becoming dedicated to scientific research around psychedelic
    1:54:40 compounds. I don’t want to take us down that rabbit hole necessarily. Your brother, Mike,
    1:54:45 has a fair amount to say about that. Your brother, Mike, has a fair amount to say
    1:54:52 about that. Mr. The Saint, your grandma’s philanthropy, whatever the name was. The great
    1:55:01 relief and unburdening of me-centric living that comes from dedicating yourself to something larger
    1:55:10 is really profound. I mean, it’s not entirely altruistic. It’s so relieving.
    1:55:17 It’s hard to overstate that, and I’m glad you mentioned it.
    1:55:24 None of this is entirely altruistic. If we’re seeking purpose, if we all buy into the rows that
    1:55:29 so many men live lives of quiet desperation and we don’t want to be those people,
    1:55:35 then there is no clear path than making a commitment to problems that might be so big
    1:55:39 you won’t solve them in your lifetime, because then you are constantly just starting. You’re
    1:55:48 constantly learning and unlearning and renewing. I think that’s been also the story of this work of
    1:55:54 trying to solve these big problems with entrepreneurs that are as relentless in their
    1:56:01 seeking. It’s just that what drives them is to solve a problem, what does not drive them
    1:56:07 is just profit, though they recognize they need the profit for long-term financial sustainability
    1:56:17 and scale. It’s the prioritization. You mentioned following a leader earlier and also apprenticing,
    1:56:24 and there are many different types of leaders out there. Many people who might seem to be good
    1:56:33 mentors, but make terrible mentors. Could you speak to an example in your life of a mentor or a leader?
    1:56:37 It doesn’t have to be John Gardner. I wrote that down just because you mentioned it and
    1:56:42 mentioned John and passing from, I believe that that was your GSB days, the Stanford days,
    1:56:50 to what makes a good mentor or a good leader the type you might want to follow or learn from.
    1:56:54 For me, there’s really no one like John Gardner in my life. Tim,
    1:56:59 he was this very patrician man who almost spoke in co-ans by the time I met him. We were 50 years
    1:57:07 apart in age, so he gave a lot of wisdom. Where he stood apart, and again, we need him so much
    1:57:13 right now. He was the only Republican on Lyndon Johnson’s Democratic cabinet and was the head
    1:57:19 of health education and welfare. He was at the table and negotiated some of the great civil
    1:57:26 rights legislation. Talk about courage. He would say things to me like, focus on being interested,
    1:57:32 Jacqueline. Not interesting when I would get some fancy job offer. He would think that it’s,
    1:57:38 that was a vanity project rather than a character-building project. John left the cabinet
    1:57:46 and resigned his position in protest at the Vietnam War. In response, he created a grassroots
    1:57:53 citizens organization at age 54 called Common Cause. It was that level of integrity and of
    1:57:59 doing the right thing, not the easy thing, that I think we’re all yearning for in our leaders today.
    1:58:07 John could have done anything, but when I think about what legacy is, I think about him.
    1:58:16 I look at the now, we’ve had over a million sign-ups on Acumen Academy when I see these
    1:58:21 hundreds and hundreds of Acumen fellows and the entrepreneurs. I sometimes hear John’s words
    1:58:28 in them. I think this man who’s been dead for almost 20 years is fully alive with the kind
    1:58:34 of legacy that matters because he focused on investing in the world around him and not just in
    1:58:41 himself. Jacqueline, I have good news, bad news, depending. It’s actually the same news. I just
    1:58:45 don’t know how you’re going to take it, which is, I think we’re going to have to do, or I would like
    1:58:49 to do, around two at some point, because there’s no way we’re going to cover even a fraction of what
    1:58:57 I have in front of me. We could do a two over. Oh, definitely not a two. Are you kidding me?
    1:59:03 You’ve been nothing but net for an hour and 40 minutes. I’m not letting this one go.
    1:59:09 I would like to ask about, actually, first a short question, then a longer question. The
    1:59:13 shorter question is going to be about books, and the longer question is going to be about
    1:59:18 advice to different types of listeners. Those people who have more time than money,
    1:59:20 maybe they’re earlier in their careers, maybe they’re just in a transition,
    1:59:26 then you have the investor types, I would consider myself an investor type also,
    1:59:30 who are looking to have more impact, make more impact, and then to institutional,
    1:59:35 those people who might be in positions within institutions. Before we get to that,
    1:59:42 so you were kind enough to contribute to Tribe of Mentors. My last book, thank you very much for
    1:59:48 that, and you answered quite a number of questions. One of those questions is, what is the book or
    1:59:54 books you’ve given the most as a gift and why, or what are one to three books that have greatly
    2:00:00 influenced your life? Now, you mentioned a few. You can also revise these. One was Invisible Man
    2:00:05 by Ralph Ellison. Another, Things Fall Apart by, can you pronounce this author’s name for me?
    2:00:12 Thank you. There’s so many words and names that I know how to read. I recognize,
    2:00:17 but I have no idea how to pronounce. And then, A Fine Balance by, here’s another one,
    2:00:25 Rotten Mystery. There we go. If you had to pick one of these or another book, it doesn’t have
    2:00:31 to be one of these three, but a book that you’ve given as a gift or that has had a strong impact
    2:00:37 on you for people to start with, which might you recommend and why? Of course, I recommend people
    2:00:43 also read your books, The Blue Sweater and also Manifesto for a Moral Revolution. So not to exclude
    2:00:47 those, but for the sake of conversation now, if they weren’t those books, what comes to mind?
    2:00:51 I have reasons for each of those books, and certainly The Invisible Man in this moment
    2:00:58 of the Black Lives Matters protests and continuing racial reckoning. Invisible Man really
    2:01:06 taught me to not see through anybody ever. But the book I give right now, in this time of so much
    2:01:15 despair, is Victor Frankel’s Man’s Search for Meaning, where he really looks at people in the
    2:01:22 Holocaust and asks himself, why did some just sort of crumple up and die and others stayed resilient
    2:01:28 and strong, and that at the end of the day, no one can take our dignity away from us. And so I think
    2:01:34 that we have to be reminded right now that between stimulus and response, there is a choice.
    2:01:41 And we’re in that moment. And I have seen myself personally so often that in the darkest times,
    2:01:47 we can find our best selves. And that’s our opportunity right now. And so I think for this
    2:01:51 moment, Tim, Man’s Search for Meaning should be required reading for all of us.
    2:01:58 I could not endorse that strongly enough for anyone who’s listening to this. Also,
    2:02:05 across 500+ episodes of this podcast, the single book that has come up most often
    2:02:09 is Man’s Search for Meaning. So if you have not read this book, do yourself a favor,
    2:02:16 do everyone around you a favor, and pick it up. It is just a tremendous, tremendous book.
    2:02:22 And also a great example of someone, in this case, Victor Frankel, embracing something larger
    2:02:27 than himself, the completion of Man’s Search for Meaning, the concept of writing this and
    2:02:30 compiling it as a book that helped him to get through so much suffering also.
    2:02:38 Yeah. And moral imagination that he had in seeing not just the ugliness of the world that is
    2:02:42 and the humility that that takes, but he truly had the audacity to imagine
    2:02:47 what could be and to see the infinite potential in every human being.
    2:02:55 Let’s use that as a segue to help others to embrace the audacity to imagine what they might do.
    2:03:00 And you can take these in any order, and there might be other archetypes we want to touch upon,
    2:03:06 but for those people listening, and I’ll just grab three, we have the person with
    2:03:11 right now, for any number of reasons, more time than financial resources,
    2:03:13 what they might do, and you don’t have to tackle them in this order.
    2:03:21 The individual investor, so that’s someone who is accustomed to perhaps investing in public
    2:03:26 equities, or in my case, and many others, startups, cryptocurrency, whatever it might be,
    2:03:34 who would like to begin to experiment with investing for greater social impact or impact.
    2:03:42 And then the players in the institutional space, those people who may be at asset management firms
    2:03:51 or otherwise, who also would like to either in a management or leadership position begin to
    2:03:58 steer the ship, at least carving off a portion of activities to focus on impact, maybe lean data,
    2:04:03 or who just as entrepreneurs within these companies want to try something.
    2:04:06 What would you say to any of those groups?
    2:04:14 To the person with not a lot of money but time, I would say focus on both immersion and understanding
    2:04:20 the problems around us, and also another practice from the book, which is accompaniment.
    2:04:26 By accompaniment, what I mean to walk with someone, to try and understand their problem,
    2:04:29 not take it on and solve it for them, but to help them build the muscles so that they can
    2:04:32 solve it themselves. By book, in this case, you mean manifesto?
    2:04:36 Manifesto for moral revolution. And the whole idea of moral revolution is,
    2:04:41 give more to the world than you take. It’s not, there are some who have the moral responsibility
    2:04:45 and some who do not. It’s like all of us. So I really appreciate that you would ask for all
    2:04:52 three categories. When you look at the brokenness of our criminal justice system, the opioid epidemic,
    2:04:59 poverty, the arts community that’s out of work, there is such an opportunity to be of use,
    2:05:05 to pay visits, to just talk to people who are lonely right now, to be more conscious about the
    2:05:12 way that we spend our money, even for small things, and by sustainably. And so it’s building into your
    2:05:19 every day a much greater consciousness and awareness of the fact that our action and our
    2:05:27 inaction impacts people everywhere. For the individual investor, I would say that one of the
    2:05:34 broken parts of our current system of capitalism, which bifurcates how we make money and how we
    2:05:42 give it away, is that we often disregard how people are treated inside and outside our companies.
    2:05:48 And then we, as well as the environment, and then we try to make amends for the fact that we
    2:05:53 are the status quo with our philanthropy on the outside. And that model is deeply broken.
    2:06:01 As investors, how do we think more holistically about the impact that we’re making, positive and
    2:06:08 negative with all parts of our money across that spectrum? There has never been such opportunity
    2:06:15 as there is right now to invest in extraordinary entrepreneurs that are reimagining how to use
    2:06:21 the tools of capitalism to solve big problems. As I said to them, they exist in every country.
    2:06:28 And we have to think with more openness to how we would look at our overall portfolio,
    2:06:35 again, thinking of it going from philanthropy to more market driven returns. We have a company in
    2:06:42 the United States called Every Table. And it is a fast food, healthy, nutritious, affordable
    2:06:47 restaurant chain now in Los Angeles. It’s about eight different restaurants. And with the pandemic,
    2:06:53 it just has exploded in the best ways of delivering food and partnering with governments and
    2:06:59 individual philanthropists that are willing to pay meals forward so that people in low income parts
    2:07:05 of Los Angeles can get healthy, affordable food. With Black Lives Matter protests,
    2:07:12 what Sam Polk, the entrepreneur understood is that he had within him, within his operation,
    2:07:16 individual employees who had the capability to become franchisees. But in the United States,
    2:07:22 the franchise model usually expects that you will have your own capital to put into the system
    2:07:29 from the beginning. So he’s created a university, and he’s now raised probably three of $13 million,
    2:07:37 seven-year debt at 2%. That will allow him to identify the entrepreneurs amongst his employees,
    2:07:41 give them the opportunity to start their own franchise, enable them to have $40,000 a year
    2:07:47 salaries for the next three years. And hopefully we’re going to see a whole group of Black and
    2:07:53 Latinx entrepreneurs that are running every table franchises in and for their communities.
    2:07:58 That’s the kind of creativity that exists right now in the United States and
    2:08:03 everywhere else in the world that we work, from Pakistan to Colombia. If I were, and I am,
    2:08:11 an investor that really cares about impact, I would urge myself and urge everyone else to think
    2:08:17 more expansively about themselves as investors using all the tools at our disposal. And for the
    2:08:26 big institutions, I would say one thing, that as long as we have an investment model that is
    2:08:36 still based on extraction, rather than actually investing for good, we are going to continue
    2:08:40 to build more and more inequality in ways that are fully unsustainable for this world.
    2:08:47 It has been really exciting to me to see not only a $700 billion impact investing sector
    2:08:55 emerge over the last 20 years, but also to see big companies like BlackRock and others say enough.
    2:09:02 But we’ve got to move from a place where we do no harm to one where real investing
    2:09:09 is not only accounted for by what a few shareholders earn, come what may,
    2:09:15 but that real investing is truly measured by the amount of the jobs, the beauty,
    2:09:19 the human capability, the opportunities that are enabled in the world.
    2:09:30 So I would love to ask you for some simple next steps for also each of those three categories,
    2:09:34 like what people could do tomorrow. And the reason I ask that is that I think it’s very easy for
    2:09:43 people to take next steps towards impact investing, whether the form of investment is time or money
    2:09:50 or energy, and to push it into the someday category. I think it’s very easy to do. And I
    2:09:57 don’t wrong them. I don’t wrong anyone for that because it can seem like kind of stumbling through
    2:10:02 a fog if they don’t have a direction in so much as if we take just an individual investor. I’ll
    2:10:09 use myself as an example. It took me a long time to build the relationships and the deal flow
    2:10:16 in the for-profit sector where the past fail marks are very clearly defined to get to the point where
    2:10:23 I could invest in really good companies. And for people who have developed those relationships
    2:10:30 and put in the time to get an understanding of, let’s just call it the more black and white
    2:10:38 capitalist model. It can be very intimidating, the idea of starting from scratch to try to
    2:10:44 figure out what makes a good impact investment. Could you speak to that for the person who has…
    2:10:48 We could tackle the investment side first, but the kind of individual, the institutional,
    2:10:54 and then a person with more time. What could they do tomorrow or next week, for instance,
    2:10:58 is a simple answer like, “Hey, if you don’t want to figure this out, invest in one of our
    2:11:03 for-profit impact funds.” Understanding that this podcast is not giving investment advice,
    2:11:07 I’m not a registered investment advisor, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. But I would love to hear
    2:11:17 what some simple next steps might be. If they agree with you, they want to begin to get some
    2:11:23 skin in the game to get on the playing field. I mean, I appreciate the self-promotional invitation
    2:11:32 there, Tim. If I’m going to go down that path, I would say the symbolist next step would be to
    2:11:39 get on to Acumen Academy on our website and check out the courses, including the Path of
    2:11:44 Moral Leadership that Seth Godin, who’s so extraordinary in every way, has helped us build,
    2:11:51 which takes the different practices of the book and really looks at the examples of companies
    2:11:59 that go from chocolate and coffee in Colombia to bed nets to chickens in Ethiopia and really
    2:12:06 show some of the fundamental business models that have enabled extraordinary levels of change,
    2:12:12 as well as identified role models. I would get on to the Acumen Academy. The second would be both
    2:12:18 for institutional and individual. There are increasingly trade associations, for lack of a
    2:12:24 better word, that can direct you to really strong impact investors. The Aspen Network of
    2:12:32 Development Entrepreneurs is probably the best. Andy, and de.org, I think. So get smart, learn.
    2:12:39 On the Acumen website are also all of our companies and the stories of many of them
    2:12:44 that give a real sense, again, not only of the possible but of ways that people can get involved.
    2:12:54 As I said, Tim, all of our actions increasingly matter, and so pay more attention to where and how
    2:13:01 we buy and giving ourselves license within our communities to be a little radical in the way
    2:13:08 that we might make sure that we’re investing in each other and giving back more than we take.
    2:13:15 I think becomes a mantra every day, having my brother Michael at Galaxy and going to such
    2:13:20 different routes as young people, and yet, all along the way, asking these questions of how do
    2:13:24 you change the world? How do you change the world? How do you change the world? I actually think it’s
    2:13:30 about getting started where you can with what you have and who you are, but it’s also about asking
    2:13:36 yourself the question, not am I making more money? Am I richer, famous, more famous, more beautiful
    2:13:43 today, but rather, what am I doing in the way that I run my business, in the way that I invest my
    2:13:50 dollars, in the way that I interact with everyone from the waiter to the president of some fancy bank?
    2:13:58 What am I doing to insist on, elevate, and enable human dignity? I would start there,
    2:14:06 and then I’d get smart. You invoked the name of a mutual friend who texted me prior to this
    2:14:16 conversation also, Seth Godin. I bring him back up because I think Seth would agree that it’s easy
    2:14:23 to hide with big aspirations in the sense that if you say, “Well, I just want to change the world,”
    2:14:28 it’s easy to hide. You can make the argument that you’re not ready. You can make the argument
    2:14:34 that you have to make a little bit more money. You can use all sorts of socially acceptable
    2:14:41 excuses not to take action, and that there are, in fact, easy things, simple things. You can do
    2:14:50 the easy thing first. If, in doubt, don’t hit snooze for three years, go to acumen.org. Just
    2:14:55 commit to spending 68 minutes educating yourself. You will learn something, or getting manifesto
    2:15:00 for a moral revolution in your book. Commit to getting that on Kindle. Maybe you try it for just
    2:15:06 20 pages. You give it a taste test to think. There are simple things that you can do first,
    2:15:11 and it’s easy to hide behind the big, ambitious, world-changing thing that may or may not come.
    2:15:17 That’s a way of hitting snooze, and I think absolving oneself of responsibility. I’m as guilty
    2:15:22 of that as the next person, so I’m not casting stones. There are some very simple options here,
    2:15:28 as you mentioned, including just going to acumen.org or acumen.org/moralrevolution.
    2:15:36 Dig around. Commit to 30-60 minutes. There’s very limited downside. I want to ask you maybe two
    2:15:41 more questions. One, I didn’t want to ask you earlier because I didn’t want to make you self-conscious,
    2:15:52 but you are really good, exceptional at nailing the Goldilocks amount of using people’s names.
    2:15:59 In this case, Tim, you use it very well. You don’t overuse someone’s name. It’s a very
    2:16:05 effective way of… I would hope that I’m already engaged, but keeping me even more engaged. Is
    2:16:09 that something that you’ve always done, or is that something that you’ve developed somehow?
    2:16:16 Tim, you’re making me laugh. You remind me of the first book thing I did with Blue Sweater,
    2:16:22 and I got off the stage, and a famous actor came up to me and said, “Oh my God, you do real so well.”
    2:16:32 And I was like, “Excuse me.” Not to imply that this is some artificial thing. I feel like it’s,
    2:16:39 of course, genuine, but it’s something that not a lot of people do. Or they try to play real so
    2:16:42 deliberately that they end up saying your name every other sentence, and you’re like,
    2:16:47 “I feel like you’re trying to sell me a used car or something.” But you are very natural.
    2:16:50 I think it goes… I actually think it goes to immersion, which is probably why I didn’t get
    2:16:56 to talk about many of the things I really wanted to talk about because I just get so focused on
    2:17:02 who you are, what you’re talking about, that no, it’s not conscious. It’s not conscious.
    2:17:06 So I wish I had a better answer. Oh, what a gift. I quite appreciated it.
    2:17:11 Well, let’s give… I’m going to cheat. I’m going to ask you more than two questions, but
    2:17:16 my last question is going to be recommendations, closing comments, things you’d like to say before
    2:17:22 we wrap up for this round one. But would you like to give a teaser for other things that you would
    2:17:29 have liked to have talked about that we didn’t get around to? Is there anything you’d like to
    2:17:35 mention, lest it be left out of this first edition? I really appreciate that you are even
    2:17:38 asked, “Give me that opportunity. Give me that opportunity.” And I think another reason that
    2:17:44 I probably know when to say your name or not, or don’t even know, but without meaning to flatter,
    2:17:50 you truly are deeply engaging. Conversationalist, an interviewer, and I really appreciate that.
    2:17:57 Yeah, you really are. There are many things that I’d like to talk about in terms of what it actually
    2:18:04 means to bet on character, that I think that one of the mistakes I made at the beginning of Acumen
    2:18:11 was to be so excited by a particular technology or business idea and over time
    2:18:18 understanding character, and that you used a lot of the words, the grit, the resiliency,
    2:18:23 the vision, the ability to take feedback. A whole other conversation I’d love to have with you
    2:18:31 is on courage. I shared with you at the beginning of this that you do remind me of my brother’s
    2:18:38 plural and that you’ve got just an extraordinary level of what looks like fearlessness.
    2:18:44 And I’m betting that you’ve learned to flex those fearlessness muscles early in your life and you
    2:18:51 practice them all along. But because of the vulnerability and the real courage that you’ve
    2:18:56 shown in your podcast with Debbie Millman, there was a whole set of muscles that went untended
    2:19:04 and that the key to us becoming not just good at what we do or famous or what have you but becoming
    2:19:14 wise is to learn how to flex those muscles of courage that we don’t always flex. And I think
    2:19:19 this is another moment in history that really demands that of us. And third, I’d love to go deeper
    2:19:25 into the holding of tensions, that we are at a moment in history where we have to learn
    2:19:33 how to find each other across what might seem like impossible divides to cross. And yep,
    2:19:41 we’re all we have, each other. And we’re on this earth for a short time. And it’s up to us to be a
    2:19:47 generation that actually gets stuff done rather than being seen as being blind and disconnected
    2:19:53 from one another. And so acumen has worked for 20 years in communities where people are raised
    2:19:58 to hate each other. And when I think about who our global community is, it also has been raised
    2:20:04 with many, many different people who were taught to hate each other. And yet it is possible to build
    2:20:11 out of diversity a sense of wholeness, but not not if we just focus on what we’re getting
    2:20:18 from an organization or a nation or community, but the responsibility that we have for each other.
    2:20:23 And I hear that in different conversations that you’ve been having with people. And I’d love
    2:20:28 to go there too. Finally, I would just love to say you’re really one of a kind, Tim Ferriss,
    2:20:36 and the prep and the curiosity that you bring. And frankly, the love that you bring to every
    2:20:42 conversation and to the work that you’re doing is really unparalleled. When I think of true moral
    2:20:49 imagination, it’s based in a deep curiosity and people who are willing to follow that thread
    2:20:54 of curiosity to wherever it might lead. And so thank you for modeling that for all of us.
    2:21:01 Thank you so much for talking about unflexed muscles. I haven’t flexed the muscle of letting
    2:21:07 things land very much. So I’m going to tuck that away and think about it for the rest of today.
    2:21:16 So thank you very much for saying that and for providing such a wonderful conversation
    2:21:21 to me and to everyone listening. My God, you are so good. You’re so good at this.
    2:21:32 And you’re such an inspiration. And I just love the fact that you have traveled so many paths
    2:21:37 that many would assume diverge. And yet you have found a way to make them converge,
    2:21:48 if that makes sense. You have the operational shops. You have the toughness and the honesty
    2:21:53 to speak truth. And I recall the process of doing homework for this, finding someone,
    2:21:58 I can’t recall who it was, saying something along the lines, maybe an investor in one of your funds.
    2:22:03 I don’t know, saying something along the lines of Jacqueline, you always talk about love. But then
    2:22:10 we get you around the negotiating table and you’re so hardcore. And you are living proof that those
    2:22:17 do not need to be mutually exclusive. Furthermore, that they can be mutually reinforcing. You can
    2:22:23 combine the hard and the soft in a way that is tremendously effective in the world. And that,
    2:22:30 in fact, some might say an imperative, or there are imperatives, to be able to combine those things
    2:22:39 and to not view them as separate. And I’m just so extremely happy that I had the chance to have
    2:22:45 this conversation. And I hope it is just the first of many. So thank you again for taking the time.
    2:22:52 Thank you, Tim. And I’m just so honored, truly, and feel so, so privileged. And thank you, too,
    2:22:58 for making Manifest the Hard and the Soft. It’s what we need to do in our world together.
    2:23:03 And so looking forward to many conversations as well. And I wish you good luck on this.
    2:23:12 To be continued, I love saying that I always mean it. And I mean it very, very sincerely right now.
    2:23:17 Everyone, check out acumen.org. There’s a lot there that is worth digging into.
    2:23:24 We will have show notes for everything we’ve discussed, links galore, resources galore at
    2:23:33 tim.blog/podcast. That will be easy to find. And until next time, ask dumb questions. They’re
    2:23:40 often the smartest questions you could ask. Be honest, bet on character. Use courage. It is the
    2:23:47 mother attribute for all other attributes. I’m stealing someone else’s quote, but all other
    2:23:53 attributes at their testing point require courage. And thanks for tuning in.
    2:24:01 Hey guys, this is Tim again. Just one more thing before you take off. And that is Five Bullet Friday.
    2:24:05 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every Friday that provides a little fun
    2:24:09 before the weekend? Between one and a half and two million people subscribed to my free newsletter,
    2:24:15 my super short newsletter called Five Bullet Friday. Easy to sign up, easy to cancel. It is
    2:24:21 basically a half page that I send out every Friday to share the coolest things I’ve found or
    2:24:25 discovered or have started exploring over that week. It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:24:31 It often includes articles I’m reading, books I’m reading, albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos,
    2:24:37 all sorts of tech tricks and so on. They get sent to me by my friends, including a lot of podcast
    2:24:43 guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field. And then I test them and then
    2:24:49 I share them with you. So if that sounds fun, again, it’s very short, a little tiny bite of
    2:24:53 goodness before you head off for the weekend, something to think about. If you’d like to try
    2:25:00 it out, just go to tim.blog/friday. Type that into your browser, tim.blog/friday. Drop in your
    2:25:05 email and you’ll get the very next one. Thanks for listening. I don’t know about you guys,
    2:25:11 but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I try to access something, say a show on Amazon
    2:25:17 or elsewhere, and it says not available in your current location, something like that. Or, creepier
    2:25:22 still, if you’re at home and this is happening to me, I search for something or I type in a URL
    2:25:28 incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops up and it says you might be searching for this,
    2:25:33 how about that? And it suggests an alternative and I think to myself, wait a second,
    2:25:38 my internet service provider is tracking my searches and what I’m typing into the browser.
    2:25:45 Yeah, I don’t love it. And a lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously. That is
    2:25:51 why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor ExpressVPN for several years now and I recommend you
    2:25:55 check it out. When you connect to a secure VPN server, your internet traffic goes through an
    2:26:00 encrypted tunnel that nobody can see into, including hackers, governments, people on Starbucks,
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    2:26:10 browser. This was something that I got wrong for a long time. Your activity might still be visible,
    2:26:15 as in the example I gave to your internet service provider. Incognito mode also does not hide your
    2:26:20 IP address. Also, with the example that I gave of you can’t access this kind of that content,
    2:26:23 wherever you happen to be, then you just set your server to a country where you can see it and all
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    2:26:35 U.K. or whatever. And everything works. So ExpressVPN protects you and enables you because it
    2:26:39 encrypts and reroutes your network traffic through secure servers. So even though your traffic is
    2:26:45 still passing through your internet provider, now they can’t read it. ExpressVPN is so fast also
    2:26:51 it doesn’t bog things down at all. I usually forget that I even have it on. I can stream high quality
    2:26:56 video with no lag or buffering, even on servers thousands of miles away. Gives me access to servers
    2:27:02 in 105 countries around the world, which is very helpful as I am constantly traveling and
    2:27:07 love to do so. It’s easy to use. You just choose a server location and tap one button to connect.
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    2:27:39 when you sign up. Just go to expressvpn.com/tim for an extra three free months of ExpressVPN.
    2:27:46 One more time, expressvpn.com/tim. Okay, this is going to be part confessional. As some of you
    2:27:52 know, I am recently single and navigating the world of modern dating. What a joy that is.
    2:27:57 Sometimes it’s fun, but it’s mostly a goddamn mess, as many of you probably know. I’ve tried
    2:28:01 all the dating apps and while there’s some slick options out there, the most functional
    2:28:08 that I have found is the league. Why did I end up using the league? First, most dating apps give
    2:28:14 you almost no information. It’s a huge time suck. On the league, you’re starting with a baseline of
    2:28:19 smart people and you can then easily find the ones you’re attracted to. It’s much easier. It’s like
    2:28:24 going to a conference where everyone is smart and then just looking for the people you think
    2:28:30 are cute to go up and speak with. More than half of the league users went to top four in colleges
    2:28:35 and you can make your filters really selective. If that’s important to you, then go for it. It does
    2:28:41 work and that is one of the reasons that I use it. Second, people verify using LinkedIn so you can
    2:28:46 make sure they have a job and don’t bounce around every six months. It’s a simple proxy for finding
    2:28:51 people who have their shit together. It’s infinitely easier than trying to figure things out on
    2:28:56 Instagram or whatever. Third, you can search by interest and in multiple locations. I haven’t
    2:29:01 found any other dating app that allows you to do this. For instance, I usually search for women
    2:29:06 who love skiing or snowboarding, have those as interests as I like to spend say two to three
    2:29:10 months of the year in the mountains. I’m a rivers and mountains guy. The UI is a little clunky,
    2:29:15 I’ll warn you, but it’s incredibly helpful for finding good matches and not just pretty faces.
    2:29:21 So you can search by interest and specify multiple cities. So to summarize a few things that I think
    2:29:25 make it stand out. Features available in the league include multi-city dating,
    2:29:31 LinkedIn verified profiles, ability to block your profile from co-workers, bosses, family, etc.
    2:29:36 That’s very easy to do. You can search by interest, you can get profile stats and there is a personal
    2:29:41 concierge in the app. So there’s someone you can text with within the app as a personal concierge
    2:29:47 to get help. So what am I looking for? I am looking for a woman who is well educated, who loves skiing
    2:29:53 or snowboarding or both. These are and I’ve used this word already proxies for like 20 other things
    2:29:58 that are important. So just I’ll leave it at that for now. Someone who’s default upbeat likes to smile,
    2:30:05 smiles often, glass half full type of person who would ideally like to have kids in the next few
    2:30:10 years. Her friends would describe her as feminine and playful and she would love polarity in a
    2:30:14 relationship. She’s athletic and has some muscle. I like strong women, not necessarily bodybuilders,
    2:30:18 but you get the idea. It could be a rock climber dancer, whatever, but has some muscle, loves to
    2:30:24 read and loves learning. If this sounds like you, send hashtag date 10, so hashtag date 10 in a
    2:30:30 message to your concierge in the app to get us paired up. So these are all reasons why I was
    2:30:35 excited when the league reached out to sponsor the podcast. They even have daily speed dating where
    2:30:39 you can go on three three minute dates with people who match your preferences all from the comfort
    2:30:45 of your couch. So check it out. Download the leak today on iOS or Android and find people who
    2:30:50 challenge you to swing for the fences and who are in it to win it. I found it to be super fascinating.
    2:30:55 You can really get good matches instead of just looking at pretty faces and kind of rolling the
    2:31:01 dice over and over again. Much better. So download the leak today on iOS or Android and check it out.
    2:31:06 Message hashtag Tim to your in app concierge to jump to the front of the waitlist and have your
    2:31:15 profile reviewed first. Check it out. The leak on iOS or Android.

    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited. The episode features segments from episode #124 “Jamie Foxx on Workout Routines, Success Habits, and Untold Hollywood Stories” and #514 “Jacqueline Novogratz on Building Acumen, How to (Actually) Change the World, Speaking Your Truth, and the Incredible Power of ‘Dumb’ Questions.”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [06:50] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [07:53] Enter Jamie Foxx.

    [08:19] When Jamie met Kanye West.

    [10:58] Why Jamie considers his studio magical.

    [13:32] When Jamie met Ed Sheeran.

    [15:00] What’s on the other side of fear?

    [16:53] Making impressions.

    [22:15] How Eric Marlon Bishop became Jamie Foxx.

    [24:49] Overcoming fear at open mics.

    [26:12] Could Prince or Michael Jackson find a career break in today’s “Age of Memes?”

    [27:49] How Jamie learned to read the room.

    [33:27] Why do some comedians lose the ability to make people laugh?

    [39:04] Enter Jacqueline Novogratz.

    [39:37] Jacqueline’s background and siblings’ accomplishments.

    [42:06] Jacqueline’s journey into social impact investing.

    [45:15] An early banking career and reputation for asking tough questions.

    [48:36] A tendency to champion underdogs.

    [53:18] From banker to disruptor.

    [1:00:04] Jacqueline’s first opportunity in her new path.

    [1:05:28] Failures, small wins, and perseverance.

    [1:09:21] Jacqueline’s first real win in Rwanda.

    [1:13:37] The path between Rwanda and founding Acumen.

    [1:16:06] Jacqueline’s reasons for applying to Stanford Business School.

    [1:18:10] How the Rwanda genocide redefined poverty for Jacqueline.

    [1:20:42] Lessons Jacqueline learned about human nature from the genocide.

    [1:26:25] Acumen’s three main functions and naming process.

    [1:29:12] The quantification of impact investment through Lean Data.

    [1:37:28] Alternative names for Acumen that got left on the cutting room floor.

    [1:40:43] The concept of moral imagination.

    [1:44:55] An early win at Acumen.

    [1:50:43] Advice for young people aspiring to create positive change.

    [1:53:20] The benefits of committing to something larger than oneself.

    [1:56:10] Characteristics of a good mentor.

    [1:59:36] Book recommendations.

    [2:02:48] Advice for impact investors at various levels.

    [2:09:20] Next steps for investors to start making a difference.

    [2:14:00] Jacqueline’s authenticity.

    [2:17:07] A taste of potential topics for a future round two.

    [2:20:55] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

    For deals from sponsors of The Tim Ferriss Showplease visit tim.blog/podcast-sponsors

    Sign up for Tim’s email newsletter (5-Bullet Friday) at tim.blog/friday.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #757: Matthew McConaughey and Aisha Tyler

    AI transcript
    0:00:02 This episode is brought to you by Momentus.
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    0:00:12 including sports performance, sleep, cognitive health, hormone support, and more.
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    0:00:22 One of the things I love about Momentus is that they offer many single ingredient
    0:00:27 and third-party tested formulations. I’ll come back to the latter part of that a little bit later.
    0:00:32 Personally, I’ve been using Momentus Mag3nate, Elthianine, and Apigenin,
    0:00:36 all of which have helped me to improve the onset quality and duration of my sleep.
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    0:01:01 to improvements in short-term memory and performance under stress. Those are some of the
    0:01:05 products that I’ve been using very consistently, and to give you an idea, I’m packing right now
    0:01:10 for an international trip. I tend to be very minimalist, and I’m taking these with me nonetheless.
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    0:01:31 to bring world-class products to market, including a few you will recognize from this podcast,
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    0:01:41 Momentus in developing products specifically for women. Their products contain high-quality
    0:01:46 ingredients that are third-party tested, which in this case means informed sport and/or NSF-certified,
    0:01:51 so you can trust that what is on the label is in the bottle and nothing else. And trust me,
    0:01:56 as someone who knows the sports nutrition and supplement world very well, that is a differentiator
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    0:02:07 listeners, more good news not to worry. Momentus ships internationally, so you have the same access
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    0:02:23 That’s livemomentus, L-I-V-E-M-O-M-E-N-T-O-U-S dot com slash TIM and code TIM for 20% off.
    0:02:33 This episode is brought to you by 8Sleep. I have been using 8Sleep pod cover for years now. Why?
    0:02:37 Well, by simply adding it to your existing mattress on top like a fitted sheet,
    0:02:42 you can automatically cool down or warm up each side of your bed. 8Sleep recently launched their
    0:02:48 newest generation of the pod, and I’m excited to test it out, Pod 4 Ultra. It cools, it heats,
    0:02:54 and now it elevates automatically. More on that in a second. First, Pod 4 Ultra can cool down
    0:02:58 each side of the bed as much as 20 degrees Fahrenheit below room temperature, keeping you
    0:03:03 and your partner cool, even in a heat wave. Or you can switch it up depending on which of you is
    0:03:08 heat sensitive. I am always more heat sensitive, pulling the sheets off, closing the windows,
    0:03:13 trying to crank the AC down. This solves all of that. Pod 4 Ultra also introduces an adjustable
    0:03:17 base that fits between your mattress and your bed frame and adds reading and sleeping positions for
    0:03:23 the best unwinding experience. And for those snore heavy nights, the pod can detect your snoring and
    0:03:28 automatically lift your head by a few degrees to improve airflow and stop you or your partner from
    0:03:32 snoring. Plus, with the Pod 4 Ultra, you can leave your wearables on the nightstand. You won’t need
    0:03:37 them because these types of metrics are integrated into the Pod 4 Ultra itself. They have imperceptible
    0:03:42 sensors, which track your sleep time, sleep bases, and HRV. Their heart rate tracking is just one
    0:03:50 example is at 99% accuracy. So get your best night’s sleep. Head to atesleep.com/tim and
    0:03:58 use Code Tim to get $350 off of the Pod 4 Ultra. That’s atesleep, all spelled out, atesleep.com/tim
    0:04:05 and Code Tim TIM to get $350 off the Pod 4 Ultra. They currently ship to the United States, Canada,
    0:04:34 the United Kingdom, Europe, and Australia. Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim
    0:04:38 Ferris. Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferris Show, where it is my job to sit down with
    0:04:44 world-class performers from every field imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books,
    0:04:50 and so on that you can apply and test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s
    0:04:55 because the podcast recently hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about,
    0:05:02 and past one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best,
    0:05:08 some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited
    0:05:12 to give you these Super Combo episodes, and internally we’ve been calling these
    0:05:17 the Super Combo episodes, because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household names,
    0:05:23 the super famous folks, but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider stars.
    0:05:29 These are people who have transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many of you.
    0:05:33 Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode.
    0:05:38 Just trust me on this one, we went to great pains to put these pairings together.
    0:05:45 And for the bios of all guests, you can find that and more at tim.log/combo.
    0:05:50 And now, without further ado, please enjoy, and thank you for listening.
    0:05:57 First up, Matthew McConaughey, Academy Award-winning actor who has starred in
    0:06:03 Dazed and Confused, Dallas Buyer’s Club, Interstellar, and HBO’s True Detective,
    0:06:11 producer, director, businessman, philanthropist, and the #1 New York Times best-selling author
    0:06:19 of Green Lights and Just Because. You can find Matthew on Instagram @officiallymcconaughey.
    0:06:24 Was it true in your family? I read this, of course. You can’t believe everything that you read.
    0:06:28 Two things, number one, that your parents were divorced twice, married three times,
    0:06:30 so they ended up getting up one more time, then they got knocked down.
    0:06:40 True. Number two, that saying I can’t was forbidden or highly advised against.
    0:06:41 Very helpful.
    0:06:44 Heavily, heavily, heavily. I remember, cuss words, you could say,
    0:06:51 shit, and fuck, and damn, and even occasionally, maybe get away with the Lord’s name in vain,
    0:06:57 but you weren’t really, that was on the line, but the real words that we got, like either punish
    0:07:06 for or were forbidden or hate and can’t. I remember with my dad, I remember one Saturday morning,
    0:07:11 when I was about 12, my Saturday morning chores were, you know, mow the lawn, we’d eat,
    0:07:15 shine his shoes, and sweep the board shoes and get the cobwebs out of the corners.
    0:07:19 Well, I’d get up very early on a Saturday morning to do that, so I could have my Saturday afternoon
    0:07:24 to play, and I went out to try and start our push lawnmower, and it wouldn’t start, pull again,
    0:07:28 wouldn’t start, pull again, wouldn’t start, check the gas yet, got gas, what the heck’s going on,
    0:07:34 damn it won’t start. I remember going into my dad inside, and I go, dad, I can’t get the lawnmower
    0:07:38 started, and he kind of slowly turned his head to me, and I saw his molars meet,
    0:07:46 kind of start to grit his teeth, and he goes, you what? And I knew enough right then to not
    0:07:52 say the word again, and I said, and he got up, and I didn’t finish my sentence. He slowly walked
    0:07:57 with me out of his bedroom through the kitchen, through the garage, around the back to the shed,
    0:08:03 where this lawnmower was, that I was not getting started. He, without seeing the word, he knelt down,
    0:08:08 looked at it, checked the gas, but anyway, he found the little tube where the gas was not
    0:08:14 transferring, and it had been disconnected, so he reconnected that, pulled a few times,
    0:08:21 and it started, and there over a new, now running, push lawnmower, he looked at me,
    0:08:25 put his hands on my shoulders, and for the first time since I said, I can’t get it started,
    0:08:28 he put his hands on my shoulders, looked at me, and very sternly said it, he goes,
    0:08:37 you see, Simon, you were just having trouble driving this lawnmower, and boom, you know,
    0:08:42 and I remember from that day, I was, that lesson was like, oh, even if you’re unable to do something
    0:08:48 on your own, you can still go seek help, or get assistance, so you’re still only having trouble,
    0:08:53 even if you, on your own, cannot do so. That was a, saying those words, still to this day,
    0:08:58 if I let him slip, I kind of have to look over my shoulder, like, uh-oh, is that going to get me?
    0:09:05 So there are many different forms of influences. I’d like to ask you about one that is
    0:09:11 not your parents, it’s not your siblings, it’s a book that I’ve read you came across that had
    0:09:18 an impact in your life, and that is The Greatest Salesman in the World by Augment Dino. Could you
    0:09:23 explain for people listening why that book was impactful, or what impact it had?
    0:09:30 Yeah, so I’ve never been a big reader, and growing up didn’t read much, and never really liked even
    0:09:34 in school being told, hey, you got to read this book, you got to read this, just the fact of being
    0:09:39 told I had to read something in school, or by someone else, sort of made it feel like it wasn’t
    0:09:43 mine, and I was not going to have a subjective view of it, and plus I just don’t really like being
    0:09:49 told what to do. But this came to me, this book, and I always say this, I didn’t find it, it found
    0:09:54 me, and I’ll tell you how and why. It was between my sophomore and junior year in college at University
    0:10:00 of Texas at Austin. Now, at this point, I was always on the track to become a lawyer. I was
    0:10:04 going to become that defense attorney, you know, and get us some oil and mink money,
    0:10:09 you know what I mean? Get the family some oil and mink money. I was a good major, I took good
    0:10:13 stances, it started off in the family, they’re like, geez, oh man, you know, I would take the
    0:10:16 table and win arguments with the family, and I’d be like, ah, damn it, you got to become a lawyer,
    0:10:20 you got to become the family lawyer. So that was always the plan. But between my sophomore and
    0:10:26 junior year in college, which is about the time when all those general liberal arts credits that
    0:10:31 you’re getting need to have, start having some focus, or you’re going to lose them, you know what
    0:10:36 I mean? Right. So I’m start not sleeping well with the idea of becoming a lawyer, but I’m doing
    0:10:40 the math, I’m like, I’m not sure it’s what I want to do, I get out of here, I go to law school,
    0:10:44 then I get out, then I start maybe get an intern, I’m really not going to be
    0:10:49 rolling in my vocation until I’m in my 30s. And I was like, I don’t really want to spend my 20s
    0:10:56 just learning, or so my 20s just in school. Now, I’d been writing a lot, been keeping a lot of
    0:11:00 short stories in my diaries and a lot of them, which are in this book, Green Lights, but I didn’t
    0:11:06 have the confidence to think that maybe I wanted to get in the storytelling business until a good
    0:11:10 friend of mine, Rob Binler, who I think at the time was NYU film school, who had been sharing
    0:11:15 some of these short stories with one another phone goes, Hey, you should think about getting in front
    0:11:20 or behind the camera, you tell great stories, you got good character yourself, you know,
    0:11:24 you’re a good writer to try this out. And I was always like, Oh, no, no, no, I mean, that’s like
    0:11:31 to avant-garde, it’s to European, it’s to the artsy that I can’t do that. But he gave me the
    0:11:38 confidence to really consider it. Now, I go to my fraternity house, the Dell house, into that
    0:11:47 sophomore year for sophomore exams. I’m a studier. I’m making I got a 3.82 GPA, I like making my A’s.
    0:11:52 And any amount of time I’ve got to study, I will use it every single minute. There’s never
    0:11:59 enough time for me to study. I go to the Dell house and right behind it in a little bungalow
    0:12:03 is one of my Dell brothers and I eat lunch and I sit on his couch and I’ve got three hours before
    0:12:10 my exam. And I open up my book study for my psychology exam. For whatever reason, for the first
    0:12:14 time in my life, I shut them and I go Macon I to myself, I go, You got this, you don’t need study
    0:12:20 anymore. First time I’ve done that, I got three hours to go. I’ve been put on the TV. I love sports,
    0:12:26 ESPN. I watch cricket, the strongest man competition. I watch, you know, two grasshoppers race.
    0:12:34 For whatever reason, I just, I’m not interested. I turn off the TV. I look over to my left,
    0:12:39 there’s a stack of magazines, there’s sports illustrated, some playboys. And I’m like,
    0:12:43 geez, I like sports. I like checking out naked ladies in the playboy. Let’s check that out.
    0:12:47 I pick up a playboy, flip through thumb through that half-hazardly and all of a sudden lose interest
    0:12:53 in that. And I’m sitting there going, Okay, what am I supposed to do here? I got two and a half
    0:12:59 about three hours to kill. Well, I start peeling back those magazines, playboys and sports illustrators
    0:13:04 and everything else, and about seven deep in that stack of magazines to the left of the couch,
    0:13:10 where I was sitting, I see this white paperback with this beautiful red cursive writing on it,
    0:13:16 and it says the greatest salesman in the world. And I remember reaching for and allowed to myself
    0:13:22 saying, who is that? And I pick up the book and I start reading it. Again, I’m not a reader,
    0:13:27 but I start reading this book. And all of a sudden I lose track of time and I’ve gotten
    0:13:33 past the whole prologue to the beginning of this first scroll in this book, which is,
    0:13:37 I will form good habit to become their slave. Now, what this book had just told me and just
    0:13:44 taken me on a journey and said, you will read each scroll, there’s 10 scrolls in this book,
    0:13:48 each scroll three times a day for 30 days until you move on to the next scroll.
    0:13:55 So it’s basically a 10 month read. And I had gotten to the first scroll and I now understood
    0:14:02 that the greatest salesman in the world was whoever’s going to read that book. So I was like,
    0:14:09 oh, that’s me. It’s talking to me. Well, bam, I look up, oh, my exam’s in 15 minutes. I got to go.
    0:14:14 Right, head out. Go to my exam, my psychology exam. I ripped through that exam. I didn’t care if I
    0:14:19 failed it. Something in this book had told me, no, this book is what you need to be into right now.
    0:14:23 This book is going to give you confidence to go do what you need to do. I ripped through that
    0:14:28 psychology exam and immediately go, I’m going to film school. I’m calling dad night. I’m not going
    0:14:34 to go to law school anymore. I’ve got the confidence. This book found me. This is a seminal moment in
    0:14:38 my life. I don’t know how or why, but it is. And I’m going to get the courage to call my dad and go.
    0:14:45 And that night, I remember thinking about it. I’m going to call my dad at 7.30. He’ll have sat down,
    0:14:49 maybe had his first cocktail, already had dinner, and he’ll be in a good mood for me to say,
    0:14:56 you know, dad, I want to go to film school. I think, well, I call him 7.36 PM. Hey, dad. Hey,
    0:15:01 what’s up, son? Listen, I don’t really, and I was nervous and I said, I don’t think I want to go to
    0:15:05 law school anymore. I want to go to film school. That was hard for me to say because I thought he
    0:15:11 was going to go, you want to do what boy? What the hell? I said, dad, I want to go to film school.
    0:15:15 It was a long pause on the phone, about five seconds. And he says,
    0:15:22 you sure that’s what you want to do, son? And I said, yes, sir. There’s another five second pause.
    0:15:29 And then he said, three of the greatest words I’ve ever been told, don’t half-ass it.
    0:15:37 I remember going, huh, don’t half-ass it. And I remember my eyes just, I lit up and I was like,
    0:15:43 oh my gosh, one, my dad not only approved, he gave me a responsibility. He gave me freedom. He gave
    0:15:48 me more than a privilege. He like sent me a flight and ending it with like, not only do I agree and
    0:15:52 say that’s okay, son, I’m saying, if you’re going to do it, you better damn well go do it well and
    0:15:58 don’t half-ass it. And I went down the next day, changed my course schedule. My GPA got me into
    0:16:03 film school because I had a 3.82. I didn’t have any sort of art to show them. And I started off
    0:16:08 behind the camera and then ended up as I am now in front of the camera as well. But that book,
    0:16:16 that day, that book finding me and me feeling like it was my secret and it came to me and no one
    0:16:20 told me here, you need to read this book. It’ll be good for you. Hey, you’re supposed to read this.
    0:16:27 This is your, for school or even a recommendation, it was not rec, it found me. And I read that
    0:16:33 book. I did exactly what it said, morning, noon and night. And I read, I’ve read it three times
    0:16:40 now that way. But the first time, I didn’t miss one reading of that. I mean, and I had many a day
    0:16:47 where I went out in the morning on a Saturday and my day of whimsy took me to a place where
    0:16:52 all of a sudden it was 10 o’clock at night and I was like an hour and a half from my house.
    0:16:58 And the book was back at my house. And I’d be like, hanging out, partying and going like,
    0:17:05 Oh, geez. And I would stop, eat something, get some coffee, drink a bunch of water,
    0:17:10 wait till whatever one 30 in the morning when I was time to drive. And I would drive back to my
    0:17:16 place, grab that book and either read it and go to sleep in my bed or drive back to where I was
    0:17:21 hanging out with the book and read it. I didn’t miss one single read for 10 straight months. And
    0:17:26 that book is the most instrumental piece of literature and motivation I’ve ever read for
    0:17:33 me in my life. And now you’ve produced Green Lights. This book, which as you’ve described it,
    0:17:38 is not a traditional memoir or an advice book, but rather a playbook based on adventures in my
    0:17:44 life. And I want to hop to a particular portion of this book, which is also a scrapbook of sorts.
    0:17:50 It’s very multimedia in that respect, even though it’s in 2D and book format. I want to
    0:17:58 ask you about a note and this will segue into the practice of writing. Since you’ve kept a
    0:18:04 diary for somewhere between 35, 40 years at this point, I believe, there’s a note towards the end
    0:18:16 of Green Lights from 9192. So 10 goals in life. This blew my mind. So I want to read these 10,
    0:18:21 and then I want you to kind of place us in your life when you wrote these 10. And then I want
    0:18:27 to zoom in on a few of them. But let me just read these 10 first. So 10 goals in life. This is in
    0:18:33 1992. One, become a father. Two, find and keep the woman for me. Three, keep my relationship with God.
    0:18:38 Four, chase my best self. Five, be an egotistical utilitarian. That’s going to be my first follow-up
    0:18:45 question. Six, take more risks. Seven, stay close to mom and family. Eight, win an Oscar for best actor.
    0:18:53 Nine, look back and enjoy the view. Ten, just keep living. Where were you and when were you
    0:19:03 when you wrote these 10 goals? I was in a top bunk in the Delta Todd Delta house. I
    0:19:08 believe my roommate was Monnie Wills, whom I’m still friends with today from Montgomery, Alabama.
    0:19:14 I was in the top bunk. I think I just probably, it was the end of the night. It was about 930.
    0:19:20 I was just getting nestled in for a good night’s sleep. So I just started. What was the full day,
    0:19:28 93? What was the month in the day? That was September 1, 1992. Okay. Yes. So I had just done
    0:19:35 days to confused. That’s right. Yeah. It was two days after finishing. Yeah. I just finished it.
    0:19:43 A job, a summer hobby, a thing that there were three lines written in a script.
    0:19:47 That I got cast in because I went to the right bar at the right time, met the right guy,
    0:19:53 read for it. Richard Linklater said, come on and started throwing me in scenes. So three lines
    0:19:57 turned into three weeks work. I loved it was getting paid $320 a day. People were telling me
    0:20:03 I was good at it. And I was running around going like, is this legal? It’s so fun. And I finished it.
    0:20:11 My father had just passed away like two weeks earlier. Yeah. August 17th of that year. So
    0:20:17 I had just finished a job that was a hobby that became a career. I had just finished that. Think
    0:20:21 about it. If you do the math, I didn’t think about till now, I just finished that augmentino 10 months
    0:20:29 of reading that book. My father had just passed away. I was just going through what that meant to me,
    0:20:32 what I felt like that should mean to me. And that’s where the just keep living comes from,
    0:20:36 to keep his spirit alive, even though he’s physically not here, keep things alive that he
    0:20:41 taught me to keep me incentivized throughout my life, even though I couldn’t rely on him personally
    0:20:46 being here to back me up with him. And so I remember writing those goals down.
    0:20:50 And the thing is that when you start off this conversation going, I don’t know what your
    0:20:57 iradid rabbit was about it, but I found that just less than a year ago in my diaries. And I’d never
    0:21:05 looked at it or remembered that I had written it since the day I did. That date on that list,
    0:21:12 I never looked at that list again. I wrote it that night and forgot about it. Or at least I
    0:21:18 thought I forgot about it. I didn’t. And that’s the wild part because somewhere subconsciously,
    0:21:22 I obviously did remember it because so far I’ve accomplished those goals. And there’s some very
    0:21:28 specific ones on there that I’m like, what? I always thought even the acting part, when an Oscar
    0:21:32 for best actor, this is a time I just finished days confused. I didn’t know I was going to end up
    0:21:37 being an actor. I still thought that didn’t have the courage to even think I could pursue it as a
    0:21:42 career. At that time, I thought it might just be a hobby. I had a hobby for a summer. But obviously,
    0:21:48 when I look back, I’m like, oh, you did want to be. You did want to be an actor and you wanted
    0:21:52 to be a damn good one. So I could admit it on my journal page, but I couldn’t admit it to myself.
    0:21:57 Hell, I couldn’t even admit it in my dreams. But I could admit it on my journal pages. So that’s
    0:22:02 where I was. So those are three big things going on in my life. And I’d say the biggest
    0:22:08 shapeshifter was father moving on. But that, with finishing days and with finishing the greatest
    0:22:15 salesman, that’s when I wrote that. That’s quite a Venn diagram as far as a snapshot in time goes
    0:22:22 with those three sort of momentous changes, those transitions. Why take more risks? Did you feel like
    0:22:26 at the time you weren’t taking enough risks? Was it something you had learned about risks from
    0:22:31 your parents or other people? Why take more risks? I think I was, at that time, seeing
    0:22:39 risk that I’d take really pay off. The risk to end the bar at the top of the high at that night,
    0:22:43 to go down and introduce myself to Don Phillips, who ended up being the casting director for Days
    0:22:47 Confused, who four hours later at the end of the night after we got kicked out of the bar says,
    0:22:54 hey, you ever done any acting? You might be right for this part. The risk to go and read for that
    0:22:59 part. The risk for Richard Linklater to say, there’s nothing, you’re not supposed to be in
    0:23:03 this scene. You’re not written in this scene, but you think orderson would be in it? The risk for me
    0:23:09 to go, oh yeah, and just hop in the middle of the scene and improvise and play. Those risks were
    0:23:15 paying off. I was also beginning to feel, you know, the risk that I took reading that damn book,
    0:23:20 the greatest salesman. It was the first book I ever read cover to cover, and it’s a thin paperback.
    0:23:25 Mind you, it takes 10 months to read, but that was a risk for me. And I was feeling very confident
    0:23:33 with who I was. I was also thrown upside down by my dad moving on. Now, I don’t know, you know,
    0:23:39 if you’ve lost a parent, but as the son losing a dad, you want to talk about forced into identity?
    0:23:46 You know, my dad being this sort of crutch just because he was alive and above government and
    0:23:53 above law was now gone. I had no crutch. I had no safety net. All of a sudden, I remember this very
    0:23:57 clearly is coming to me, and besides the just keep living with keeping his spirit alive. I remember
    0:24:02 one of the first lessons of him moving on was I was, and I carved this in a tree. I remember carving
    0:24:10 this deeply in a tree for about three hours one night, less impressed, more involved. And that
    0:24:17 leans into taking more risk because I was like, after dad moved on, I was like, oh, all of these
    0:24:24 mortal things in life that I have a reverence for, even this point of just finishing acting and maybe
    0:24:31 having a little, you know, dreams of fame. Wow. All these things that I revered that were mortal,
    0:24:39 lowered down to eye level. And at the same time, everything that I noticed that I was condescending
    0:24:44 or looking down upon or something my nose at are going, oh, that’s crap. Or, oh, they’re no good.
    0:24:50 I was like, they raised up to eye level. And I remember going, oh, the world is flat.
    0:24:55 Your dad’s moved on. You better look the world in the eye. And by seeing the world flat, I saw
    0:25:01 further. I saw wider. I saw more clearly. I had more courage. I lost reverence for the mortal
    0:25:05 things that I had reverence for. I still respected them, but I lost reverence for them. So that gave
    0:25:12 me courage. And I lost this sort of a snub-nosed look at things that I thought were beneath me.
    0:25:17 And I empowered them and they raised up to eye level. So all of a sudden, you know, that was
    0:25:22 a version where the eye met the we for me. That was a version where what I looked up to maybe too
    0:25:30 much met what I was looking down on. And it was right in front of me. And that was how I was also
    0:25:36 taken more risk. I lost a lot of fear. I still had fear, but I gained a lot of courage to go meet
    0:25:41 my fears. And I didn’t give enough credence to things that I probably shouldn’t fear or have too
    0:25:46 much reverence for because they were mortal. And I was like, what’s that? That’s, you know, reverence
    0:25:51 for fame or not taking a chance to go get what you want. That’s a mortal fear. That’s like putting a
    0:25:57 limit on yourself. Why would you do that? I even called it a sin at that time, not to take a certain
    0:26:03 risk and would feel guilty if I didn’t and feel like I didn’t meet my quote that day in God.
    0:26:09 What is it that you’ve gotten from having a diary and maybe it’s changed over time?
    0:26:13 Yeah, it’s evolved. I mean, my diary started off like I think most people’s diaries do. You write
    0:26:19 things down when you’re not in a good place or you’re lost. My early diary entries were the
    0:26:26 why, what, where, when, house, you know, the existential question of what is going on. Does
    0:26:30 it matter who am I? Oh my God, this shoot. So my girlfriend broke up with me. I lost it.
    0:26:34 Started off with that. So I noticed that I started writing down when I was in
    0:26:42 times of distress or disillusion. And then I started to say, well, wait a minute,
    0:26:47 you got a just like that augmenting a book by hooker by crook. You read it three times a day.
    0:26:52 I was like, well, we’re going to write my diary every day, McConaughey. And so when do most of
    0:26:57 us, including me, not write in our diary when things are going great? Oh, I got it figured out.
    0:27:01 I’m not going to need to take time to go be introspective and write down my thoughts,
    0:27:06 everything to everything’s a green light. It’s great. Well, no, I said, hang on a second. We’re
    0:27:13 going to spend our life, a diary, the original use of a diary is to dissect failure or disillusion.
    0:27:18 I think there’s some prudence and let’s dissect success. Let’s dissect what’s going on when
    0:27:24 things are going well. Let’s write in this diary when you feel like everything’s clear and you feel
    0:27:30 strong and confident and significant and you feel like yourself. So I started writing in my diary
    0:27:36 when things are going well. And then started to map out certain things about found that what that
    0:27:41 did is when I would get in a proverbial rut later, I could go back to that diary and look at what
    0:27:47 was I writing and what was I doing when I felt like everything was liquidy split and I had it
    0:27:53 everything handled. And I found consistencies. I found it from what I was eating to who I was
    0:27:58 hanging out with, how much sleep I was getting to beauties in the world that I was noticing and
    0:28:03 really were affecting me, how I approached people, how I was approaching a day, how I was approaching
    0:28:08 conflict, how I was approaching and taking in things that work success. And I found consistencies.
    0:28:13 And so sometimes going back in those diaries reading what I was writing when things were going
    0:28:19 well would help get me out of a rut later on in life when I wasn’t doing so well. And I remember
    0:28:24 this early on in college. It’s a reason that my buddy, as I mentioned earlier, Rob Billner said,
    0:28:28 “You should go into storytelling business.” Because I was writing short stories, but I was also
    0:28:34 writing things down, idiosyncrasies of myself. I was really trying to get to know myself. I would
    0:28:38 always, when I’d be in a movie theater, I always laughed. I thought the funniest jokes and I’d
    0:28:43 laugh. I’d be the only one laughing in the theater. And I’d never thought the stuff that everybody
    0:28:47 laughed at was funny. The collective laugh, I never even giggled at. I was like, “I don’t
    0:28:51 know, that ain’t very funny.” But I’d laugh how? And I was like, and no one else would laugh. I was
    0:28:56 like, “No one else thinks that’s funny?” I would say that in the theater. I cried at things that
    0:29:03 other people didn’t cry at. Like, I’ve never really cried at death. I weep at birth. Beginnings
    0:29:09 always evade me cry more than proverbial ends. So I started writing these things down. And at
    0:29:14 first, I was feeling like, “Are you weird? Hey, is this odd? Is this okay? Can you be this kind of
    0:29:20 a person?” And got the confidence to go, “Yes, you can. It’s okay. But let’s write down those things.
    0:29:24 Let’s write down what makes you laugh, what makes you happiest, what makes you sad, what makes you
    0:29:31 angry. And don’t worry if it’s the collective choice of the majority. What does it mean to you
    0:29:37 and write those things down?” And so that led to character, I believe. It led to my own character.
    0:29:43 It led to me being able to maybe go play different characters to understand and empathize with
    0:29:46 different people and have different people have different things that turn them on and turn them
    0:30:00 off at different times. What is the art of running downhill? Okay. So I get successful. I got major
    0:30:06 fame very quickly after “A Time to Kill” came out. The film I did in ’96. And I mean, from the Friday
    0:30:13 afternoon before it came out to the Monday after the weekend, it came out. My whole world was
    0:30:20 inverted. The world all of a sudden was one big mirror. I never meet strangers since that day.
    0:30:24 It was inverted. I mean, that Friday afternoon before “A Time to Kill” comes out,
    0:30:30 there’s 100 scripts out there. I want to do it all. Are you kidding me? I’ll do any of them.
    0:30:37 Well, 99, no, you can’t. One of them, yes, you can’t. Well, in a matter of two days,
    0:30:44 after that film opened that weekend and did well, that 100 scripts, it was, yes, you can do 99,
    0:30:50 one no. So I was like, whoa, two days ago, I would have done any of these and could only do one.
    0:30:57 And now, it’s only two days later, but you’re telling me I can do 99 of them. Help me, discernment,
    0:31:01 discrimination. Can I make a choice? Who am I? Geez, what do I want to do? There’s only 24 hours
    0:31:07 in the days. Last I checked, I need more. So I was a little, you know, imbalanced, overwhelmed,
    0:31:12 didn’t have my feet, my soul on the ground. And there were times that, and I also remember that
    0:31:16 same lawyer I talked about in the oil and mink story, Jerry Harris. I remember him telling me.
    0:31:20 He reached out, I hadn’t talked to him for years. He reached out and he goes, hey,
    0:31:24 Matthew, you’re from a small town, you’re out in Texas. You know, you came in through Longview,
    0:31:27 Texas. Now you went out there, now you’re famous Hollywood star and you got all these things. He
    0:31:33 goes, make sure you don’t suffer too much from the non-deserving complex. That happens with some
    0:31:37 people that get real successful from sort of humble beginnings. And it made a lot of sense to me,
    0:31:44 because I was noticing that, you know, in the name of obstacles being the way,
    0:31:52 I was creating obstacles for myself, some of them very unnecessary, meaning here’s my life,
    0:31:59 I’m successful, I’m rolling, I am catching green lights, I’m rolling downhill. I very less than
    0:32:07 gracefully handled some of my success. I would become belligerent at times. I didn’t become
    0:32:10 belligerent. At the end of the day, I always say this, it’s okay to have a point to prove,
    0:32:14 just don’t always be trying to prove a point. I had many times where I would try to prove a point,
    0:32:19 you know what I mean? And it was my own insecurity, it was my own self trying to find
    0:32:24 some balance in this. It was me, I was seeing the mendacities of all these people in Hollywood,
    0:32:28 all of a sudden saying, I love you. And I’m like, man, I’ve said that to four people in my life.
    0:32:36 And everyone says it out here, they’re full of shit. I was taking things personally,
    0:32:44 even and sort of sabotaging some of the red carpet wine and caviar that was being handed to me.
    0:32:52 You know what I mean? And I was slipping to some of my more banal self at times and doing a proverbial
    0:32:58 face plant, meaning I’m running downhill and this is all easy street, I need resistance. So I think
    0:33:04 I’m going to trip myself and face plant and break my right into the concrete so I can break my nose
    0:33:11 so I can go, ah, there I go. Now I’m earning it. Now I feel it. Now I’ve earned it. Now I deserve it.
    0:33:18 Well, that can be a little foolish. There’s an art to going downhill. And so what I noticed was,
    0:33:25 oh, hard times are going to come. It’s going to get dry. You’re not going to be able to do
    0:33:30 whatever script you want to do. I’ve had birth times or in a relationship, we go through,
    0:33:37 it doesn’t go well or someone gets sick in the family. A real uphill battle enters our life.
    0:33:44 And so the art of running downhill is about, hey, enjoy it. When you’re going downwind downhill,
    0:33:49 don’t trip yourself because that uphill is coming. It’s going to come whether you want it to or not.
    0:33:54 So don’t trip yourself and face plant right now because you’re going to have to work your ass off
    0:34:00 here very shortly anyway. Well, let’s talk about perhaps an uphill, perhaps a pause, perhaps something
    0:34:07 else, which I’d love for you to comment on, which did come later. And that was a decision
    0:34:17 which I’d love to explore, to say no to quite a lot of opportunities for a period of time. It seems
    0:34:21 like at one point you’re very successful. You became very famous, like you said, practically
    0:34:27 overnight. You’re being offered opportunities you couldn’t have imagined a week prior.
    0:34:33 And you have a string of successes and then you realize, well, wait a minute here,
    0:34:38 I might be getting painted into a corner and you start to say no. You start to turn down,
    0:34:45 say, action film opportunities with big paychecks, things like that. Was that hard to do? Did other
    0:34:51 people say that you were doing the right thing and encourage you? Could you walk us through and just
    0:34:56 tell a story about that experience? Yeah, love to. So this is around, I don’t remember the year,
    0:35:02 I’m guessing it’s around 12, 13 years ago. I was rolling with the romantic comedies. I had taken
    0:35:09 the baton from Hugh Grant and was the male lead romcom go-to guy. Romcoms are mid-level budgets,
    0:35:15 30, 35 million. They offer a good front end paycheck to me. They go make 60 million. I mean,
    0:35:20 at the studios don’t have to overspend and spend hundreds of millions of dollars to make them.
    0:35:24 You get a good female and a male lead that have good chemistry. People love to go escape to them.
    0:35:29 My romcoms are doing well. They were my bank. They were what Hollywood banked on me to be in.
    0:35:34 At the same time, I’m living in Malibu, learning to surf, got my shirt off,
    0:35:38 and the pop right to your discovery channel is I call them as documenting this and I’m like,
    0:35:42 damn right, document it. This is the life I’m living. I love it. I worked and earned to get this
    0:35:47 life. And those romantic comedies that I get paid so handsomely for actually pay the rent at the
    0:35:53 house on the beach that I live in in front of this water that I’m surfing in. So I was full on
    0:36:03 shaking hands with gun. Yes. At the same time, I did notice that any other dramas I wanted to do,
    0:36:07 or even the way people sort of, when I said, don’t meet strangers anymore, even when this
    0:36:12 sort of people thought of me or approached me or talked to me or about me, it was like,
    0:36:18 you know, kind of, he’s the shirtless romcom guy. And I was like, yeah, I am. And I’m,
    0:36:24 but there only I could answer that second question of and I’m, I only I could continue
    0:36:27 that sentence. No one else could. They were like, Hollywood, for sure. It was like, no,
    0:36:32 nothing else. And so any dramas I wanted to do or other pictures, no one wanted to make it with me.
    0:36:42 And I remember we had just had Levi Camilla and I just had our first son. And my life was so vital.
    0:36:49 Man, I just had a newborn. I’ve met the woman that I love and want to spend the rest of my life
    0:36:58 with. I’m laughing harder. I’m crying harder. I’m happier than ever. Life is very vital. And I’m
    0:37:05 in it. My real life is. But my work feels like, yeah, yeah, I could do that tomorrow morning.
    0:37:08 Just give me the script tonight. Let me look at it. I could do it tomorrow. It wasn’t really
    0:37:13 challenging me. And the romcoms weren’t challenging me. And my lifestyle was one big green light.
    0:37:19 And, you know, if it’s all green lights, if it’s all sugar and candy, well, we can make
    0:37:24 tyrants out of anybody. So I was saying, oh, I really want my, I wish my work could, I remember
    0:37:29 saying this, at least, I remember looking in the mirror, actually, and going, okay, McConnell. So
    0:37:34 if your life is more vital and true to who you are than your work, well, it’s got to be one
    0:37:39 or the other. That’s a good thing because I know a lot of people that their work is more vital than
    0:37:43 their life. So I said, that’s a good thing. I said, but geez, could I just get some work that
    0:37:49 might challenge the vitality of my life and the man I am in it, where I can get some work where
    0:37:58 I can be more me in it? Well, those roles were not being offered to me. Nothing. Nope, not a chance.
    0:38:02 No studio will bank you in this drama role or this other role you want. I had control of Dallas
    0:38:06 Byersglove at that time, but no one wanted to make it for me nor would he want to finance it.
    0:38:12 So I decided that if I couldn’t do what I wanted to do and what I wanted to do was not being offered
    0:38:18 to me, it would be prudent for me to just stop doing what I had been doing and what was in the
    0:38:24 pipeline continually coming to me, which were the romantic comedies. I called my money manager,
    0:38:28 said, all right, look, I’m going to stop doing the only work I’m getting offered. And I don’t know
    0:38:32 how long it’s going to be till I work again. How am I doing with my money? He says, you’ve invested
    0:38:37 well, conservatively, you’re fine. You can take time off. I remember calling my agent, Jim Toth,
    0:38:42 at CA. Jim, I don’t want to do romantic comedies anymore. I remember this conversation. He goes,
    0:38:47 great. And I go, wait, what do you mean? Great. He goes, great. And I go, how do you say that so
    0:38:51 quick? What are you going to say Monday morning when you go into your superiors in the office and
    0:38:56 say, McConaughey’s not doing romantic comedies. And McConaughey has been bringing a nice chunk of
    0:39:00 10% commission into you guys with these romantic comedies for years now. And he said the coolest
    0:39:05 thing to me because I don’t work for them. I work for you. Hi, that’s a good line.
    0:39:11 That’s a good line, right? And then it was, I went to Camilla, my wife. And I’d been, you know,
    0:39:17 I’d shed quite a few tears with her going through this. Am I feeling fraudulent in my work? Do I
    0:39:23 feel a lack of significance in my work? Is it okay to be feeling this? I mean, like I said,
    0:39:28 remember, as we said earlier, I’m kind of going running downhill. Why would you sabotage not
    0:39:31 doing the work you’re getting offered where you can get paid so handsomely to do it?
    0:39:38 But she understood that my soul was shaken and needed some recalibration and that the work
    0:39:43 I was doing wasn’t the true sort of expression of who I was in my life. And I was, I told her,
    0:39:47 I said, I want to hold out for some work that can challenge the vitality of the life that I’m living
    0:39:53 with you and our son, Levi. And she repeated the lines to me. She goes, okay, you’re going to get
    0:39:58 wobbly. I’ve been around you. You got to work, Matthew, and you love to accomplish. You’re going
    0:40:02 to get wobbly. You might start reaching for a little sip of something to drink earlier in the
    0:40:09 day too. And I’m like, yeah, yeah, yeah, she’s like, she goes, days are going to be longer.
    0:40:13 We don’t know how long this will last, how long we’ll be in this. She called it a desert. How
    0:40:16 long this will be a desert? She goes, but if we’re going to do this, if you’re going to do this,
    0:40:22 we’re not going to half-ass it. She repeated my dad’s line to me. And I went, yes, ma’am, gave her
    0:40:28 a hug, put some tears on her shoulder. And we said, starting today, no more rom-coms. Well,
    0:40:34 rom-com offers came in to my agent for about the next six months, but nothing but rom-com offers.
    0:40:42 And I didn’t even, unless it was a major offer, I just said no. And they stopped at my agent’s desk,
    0:40:49 Jim Toth, no. And then one of them came through that was like a gargantuan offer for it. And my
    0:40:54 agent said, it’s a pretty damn good script too. And so I said, well, send it out. Let me read it.
    0:41:03 And I remember this, the offer was like for $8 million. And the script was pretty good,
    0:41:06 but it was still a code of a rom-com. And I remember reading it and going,
    0:41:13 no, thank you. I remember feeling sort of emboldened and strengthened by saying, no, thank you. Great.
    0:41:17 Sticking to my guns. No rom-coms. Six months into this drought. Nope. Not cave it in now.
    0:41:22 Don’t half-ass him a conne. So they come back with a $10 million offer. No, thank you. They come
    0:41:33 back with a $12.5 million. Now I go dot, dot, dot ellipsis ellipsis. No, thank you. Now they come
    0:41:39 back with a $15 million offer. Wow. You know what? Let me have another reread of that script.
    0:41:50 And I reread that. And you know what? At $15 million, the same script that I’ve been offered for
    0:41:55 $8 million, the $15 million offer script, which was the same exact words as the $8 million offer
    0:42:04 script, the $15 million script was better. It was funnier. It had possibilities. It had angles.
    0:42:08 I had ideas. I could make this work. You know, I mean, this could work.
    0:42:14 Now I’m imagining at this point, Jim is like, man, this saying no thing is really working out.
    0:42:23 He’s in, and he’s over there teetering like, I know what we said, $15 million, and it’s not like,
    0:42:28 it’s a pretty good script. I know it’s Romcom. It’s a pretty good script. But I said,
    0:42:36 no, no, thank you. Well, that got the signal across Hollywood that McConaughey was taking a
    0:42:42 serious sabbatical. And so don’t even send him a Romcom. It got around.
    0:42:46 So that was kind of the crucible then. I mean, that was like the crux move, in a sense.
    0:42:52 In a way, that was, that was a, yeah, I called an audible six months in and that had him thinking,
    0:42:57 I might cave, I might just be posturing and come on back, McConaughey, we love you. And I said,
    0:43:02 no. And when they had pumped the money offer up so much and people knew in the industry what
    0:43:10 that offer was, it became very clear. Oh, oh, shit. Okay. McConaughey, I don’t know what he’s doing,
    0:43:15 but he ain’t doing this stuff. He’s not doing any more Romcoms. And it became clear. So for
    0:43:26 the next 12, 14 months, nothing came in, not a zilch, not an offer for anything. I mean,
    0:43:30 I talked to my agent every couple of weeks, it’d just be like nothing came in, nothing.
    0:43:37 So now we’re 20 months into this desert period. I do have my son to raise, which, you know,
    0:43:41 being a father has always been the most important thing to me. So that, that’s got my compass,
    0:43:47 at least directed in a place that I go, just trust in this, if it has something to do with
    0:43:51 raising your son and being here on the land with your family, even if you start to wander,
    0:43:56 just trust that that’s always going to be in the asset section, McConaughey. You can’t go wrong
    0:44:02 with that. So I stuck to that. And I was now fine with not doing any work. I didn’t know what I was
    0:44:07 going to be, didn’t know if I was going to change my career, if I was going to become a teacher,
    0:44:12 coach, or go back to being a lawyer. I didn’t know, I didn’t think so, but I was writing more.
    0:44:19 I was talking about forced winners. I had put a forced winner on myself. And I was pretty content.
    0:44:22 I wasn’t, you know, waking up every morning, going, “Did an offer come in? Did something
    0:44:28 new come in?” I was past that. And then all of a sudden, 20 months in, 20, 21 months into this
    0:44:33 desert, I could start getting some offers that are interesting things. William Freakin,
    0:44:39 Killer Joe, Lee Daniels, Paperboy, Jeff Nichols wrote mud for me. Stephen Satterberg called Magic
    0:44:45 Wine. Richard Linklater and I go do Bernie together. True Detective comes around. All of a sudden,
    0:44:52 Dallas Buyers Club. No one still wants to put a bunch of money up for a 1980s period drama about
    0:44:57 AIDS, but all of a sudden, McConaughey, all the directors were, no directors would do Dallas
    0:45:00 Buyers Club with me. They wanted, they wanted the script. They loved the script. They didn’t want
    0:45:06 to do it with McConaughey. All of a sudden, we find John Mark Fellow, who says, “No, I’d like
    0:45:15 to do it with McConaughey.” So what happened was that 22 months, that drought, that desert,
    0:45:25 I unbranded. I didn’t rebrand. I unbranded. Me being away, me being in Texas, not being on a beach,
    0:45:32 getting pictures of me shirtless on a beach, not being in rom-coms, I was out of the world’s view.
    0:45:36 I was out of the industry’s view. I was not in your living room. I was not in your theater.
    0:45:41 I was not in any of the places that the world would become expectant to see me and how to see me.
    0:45:48 Where was I? I was gone. Where is McConaughey? Well, you’re gone long enough. All of a sudden,
    0:45:57 I became a new good idea, which I was not a new good idea at any time earlier than that at the
    0:46:01 end of that 20 month period. And then all of a sudden, the things came to me that I wanted to do,
    0:46:07 and I remember saying, “You know what? Fuck the bucks. I’m going for the experience. If I read
    0:46:12 a role that shakes me in my boots and challenges the vitality that I feel in my own real life and
    0:46:17 challenges me, the man I am in my own real life, that’s what I’m going after.” And man, they came
    0:46:23 in. Come in, I looked at each other, shed some more tears, and we said, “Let’s get after it.”
    0:46:27 And I just started hammering them. The family came with me everywhere I went and just started
    0:46:30 laying down work that really, really turned me on.
    0:46:38 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors, and we’ll be right back to the show.
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    0:47:57 And now, Aisha Tyler, a star of the hit television show Criminal Minds, a comedian
    0:48:05 and the host of the CW’s top-rated improv show Whose Line Is It Anyway, an award-winning director,
    0:48:11 best-selling author and activist, and co-founder of the new premium margarita brand,
    0:48:17 LaSophie. You can find Aisha on Twitter and Instagram @aishatyler.
    0:48:25 Aisha, welcome to the show. Tim, hello. Thank you. I’m super excited to be here.
    0:48:32 This is our away. It’s a very long home and away for us. It is. It is. And you are partially to
    0:48:41 blame/credit for me having a podcast in the first place because I recall when you interviewed me
    0:48:50 for Girl and Guy podcast in San Francisco at my place and I had so much fun speaking with you
    0:48:57 and fielding some fantastic questions, one of which I’m going to bring up and then we’ll backpedal.
    0:49:03 Okay. But the question will not be surprising to you. I don’t think and I’m going to ask you
    0:49:09 to bring it up. But the conversation that we had in part contributed to me deciding to take a break
    0:49:16 from writing books, which had completely burned me out and in turn helped birth the show. So thank
    0:49:23 you for helping to send me on this path because it’s become one of the most gratifying and fascinating
    0:49:28 things I could possibly imagine doing. So thank you for that. It’s so thrilling to hear and really,
    0:49:34 really gratifying. Yeah. I mean, it’s amazing. I think podcasts are wonderful and terrible beasts,
    0:49:40 but really satisfying even when they’re punishingly difficult to manage. They’re still so
    0:49:46 satisfying. So I’m really happy. I’m happy that you’re enjoying it. And we’re not going to get
    0:49:51 into this right now, although we can. You have a book titled “Self-Inflicted Wounds,” subtitled
    0:49:58 “Heartwarming Tales of Epic Humiliation.” Can you maybe repeat or even paraphrase the question
    0:50:04 that you would always ask guests on your show? Oh, absolutely. I mean, the name for that book
    0:50:09 came from this part of my show, “Self-Inflicted Wounds,” which is some what, you know, tell me a
    0:50:14 story about something that’s gone wrong in your life. That’s your own fault. You know, you can’t
    0:50:19 blame anyone else, not your ex, not the bullies in your school, not the man. You know, you did it to
    0:50:24 yourself. And it was really a way of initiating a conversation about risk and failure, because I
    0:50:28 feel like people see people who are successful and assume that a part of that success or the
    0:50:31 reason for that success is that they haven’t made any mistakes and they haven’t failed, that they’ve
    0:50:37 got a charmed life in some way, or they figure some kind of formula out. And the most successful
    0:50:44 people are people who don’t just manage risk, but engage in risk and court failure actively.
    0:50:48 So I always love to, you know, have people listening see that some of that they admire and
    0:50:54 that they think has really accomplished has really shit the bed. At some point in their lives,
    0:50:59 maybe multiple times, because I just think it’s instructive. I think people don’t start
    0:51:02 because they’re afraid they’re going to fail. And there’s just no way around
    0:51:06 the path to success is through failure. You just can’t get around it.
    0:51:11 There’s so many different directions. I could go with this. And I want to go way back as maybe
    0:51:16 up like sort of a montage flashback that we could have as a visual overlay, as you’re saying some
    0:51:23 of these things. And that is to your dad. And I’ve in the process of doing homework,
    0:51:30 read about your dad’s favorite saying or question that he would ask. And I was hoping
    0:51:35 you could explain this or share this with people who are listening, because I think it’s kind of
    0:51:42 amazing. Well, I was raised, you know, my parents divorced when I was 10. And my father, my parents,
    0:51:46 you know, I always joke that, you know, it’s only rich people that can afford to fight about
    0:51:49 custody. You know what I mean? Poor people just do whatever they have to do to like manage.
    0:51:54 And my parents, neither of them could really afford to kids and also neither of them could afford to
    0:52:00 pay child support. So each of them just took one of us. I was older, so I went with my father.
    0:52:03 And he was like, you know, which one can wash itself? And then that was the one that he took.
    0:52:10 And, you know, my father is the king of the very terse and pointed motivational speech.
    0:52:16 So I would leave for school in the morning and I grew up in San Francisco. And at one point,
    0:52:19 we lived upstairs in a Victorian. So I’d go down these very steep stairs and
    0:52:24 he’d lean over the railing and he’d go, who’s day is it? I’d have to say, it’s my day.
    0:52:28 And then he’d say, what are you going to do? And I’d have to say, grab it by the balls.
    0:52:33 And then what are you going to do? And I’d have to say, and twist and twist.
    0:52:41 But, you know, it’s funny because it was like my dad was just, he was such a great dad. He was a
    0:52:48 really engaged guy. But, you know, I mean, he was a single father and relatively young. So maybe
    0:52:53 there were a few boundaries of propriety that he danced along. But he just encouraged me to be
    0:52:58 aggressive. You know, he was one of those, I think it’s very hard for single parents, period. And I
    0:53:03 think it’s very hard for fathers and daughters because, you know, I just think if you’re a dad,
    0:53:08 the world just looks like a field of broken glass and potholes and molten lava. And then you’ve got
    0:53:13 this little kitten and you’re just like so terrified to put the kitten down. So either they grip very
    0:53:19 tightly or in my father’s case, they throw you up in the air and, you know, and expect that they’ve
    0:53:22 given you the skills to land. And that was definitely his strategy.
    0:53:30 Now you mentioned the divorce, which I have read was amicable. It ended up resulting in you going
    0:53:36 with your father and you have one sibling. I have a younger sister and she stayed with me.
    0:53:42 Stayed with your mom. Was that hard or did it not even occur to you to be hard because it just
    0:53:48 is what it was? Or was that difficult? And did you have constant contact or what was the dynamic
    0:53:53 like? You know, it’s interesting because I think it was more the second for me. Like it just was
    0:53:59 what was happening. And I don’t ever remember struggling in any grand way with the way that
    0:54:03 things were going. Look, maybe that’s my nature. I do my I know my parents worked very hard to
    0:54:09 be loving and available to both of us. And I had lots of access to my mother and I talked to her
    0:54:13 all the time and I called her for advice. And when she got to kind of be the fun mom or the advice
    0:54:16 mom, you know, she didn’t have to discipline me and she could just be the person who was there when
    0:54:21 I needed like emotional support. I do know that like one of the things that resulted and at least
    0:54:26 when we were younger was my sister and I, we weren’t super close, but you know, lots of siblings
    0:54:29 aren’t super close in their kids, whether they’re living in the same house or not, they’re fighting
    0:54:34 and they’re competitive. But as we got older, I became like wildly protective of my sister and
    0:54:42 my relationship with her is so intensely loving and affectionate now. And I don’t know me if we
    0:54:46 lived in the same house driving each other, you know, nuts all the time, we wouldn’t be as close
    0:54:50 as we are now. I mean, we spent the formative years of our lives living in different houses,
    0:54:55 but we like the same stuff and we care about the same things and our connections are really deep.
    0:54:59 So I, you know, I can’t, I don’t ever remember kind of sitting up at night feeling any kind
    0:55:03 of agony about the fact that my parents were divorcing. I did watch them try very hard to
    0:55:07 stay together. Like, I do remember that when they got a divorce, I was like, they really gave it a
    0:55:11 shot. You know, I can see that they really like, you know, I just, they would break up and they’d
    0:55:14 get back together and they’d break up and they get back together. And I remember I, I’d like
    0:55:18 walking on them, they’d be making out on the couch. I was like, they are really giving this to go. So
    0:55:24 when they decide when this was over, I was like, okay, I don’t ever remember it being
    0:55:29 like a point of agony. Just things changed, you know, and, and maybe as a result,
    0:55:34 I tolerate change better than I would otherwise. Or maybe I even crave change. I don’t know.
    0:55:41 Has it been your demeanor to generally look at things through a positive lens like that where
    0:55:47 you would frame what other people might try to frame as a very difficult agonizing experience
    0:55:52 into something that was or at least is framed as something positive that you benefited from? Or
    0:55:57 have you had more of the time, a tendency to frame things negatively?
    0:56:02 I think about that a lot because I think that my attitude or my point of view about things is
    0:56:10 half biochemistry and half child rearing. My father is just like a preternaturally optimistic
    0:56:13 person. It’s extraordinary. I always make this joke that if my father’s house was on fire,
    0:56:18 he would get a stick and marshmallows. Like he just cannot be deterred. I’ve never seen it. You
    0:56:23 know, he’s just never down. And so I think that I inherited that. Maybe it’s attitudinal. I think
    0:56:30 I just probably make up the chemicals in my brain that kind of keep me typically upbeat. You know
    0:56:34 what I mean? And I think it’s important because I think a lot of times of people, if they have a
    0:56:37 hard time seeing the world positively or they’re struggling with depression, people are like,
    0:56:40 “We just need to look at it a different way.” But I think that I probably just make more of
    0:56:46 the chemicals that enable me to be optimistic. I’ve never really been depressed, but my father
    0:56:50 also was just a walk-it-off dad. He just did not feel sorry for me. And I was not allowed to feel
    0:56:55 sorry for myself. And so when things went wrong, and this is definitely sustained until I was an
    0:57:00 adult, I just get up and I keep going. And that was because, you know, my father was raised.
    0:57:04 He lost his father when he was very, very young. He’s raised by a single mother and
    0:57:08 tumbled down Pittsburgh with the very few opportunities for a black man at that time.
    0:57:13 And he just never felt sorry for himself. He was just like, “Look, I can complain about the
    0:57:17 situation or I can just keep moving.” So I think I’ve been nurtured in that way as well, which is
    0:57:21 the world is unfair. You know, it’s shot through with assholes. I still have to get up in the
    0:57:25 morning and make a life for myself. So it’s probably a combination of those two things.
    0:57:30 Were you, would you say good at following his advice of not only grabbing life by the balls,
    0:57:37 but twisting, which is a whole new level? Those are two really like, yeah, like you can gently
    0:57:46 grab balls. You can’t really gently grab and twist balls. Twisting is an elevated form of
    0:57:54 aggression. I don’t know. Like it’s hard to say like, “Oh, I’m nailing it.” That’s not how I feel.
    0:57:58 But I do think that like that attitude of like, and I wrote about it a lot about it in my book,
    0:58:03 like the idea that like my parents raised me to be brave and in some ways maybe too brave,
    0:58:10 but the result has been like a relentlessness and in the pursuit of the things that are important
    0:58:14 to me. And that’s not the same. He’s like, “I’m winning. I don’t really think about things that
    0:58:19 way, but it’s just if I want to do something that I do it and I don’t really worry too much about
    0:58:23 whether it’s going to go my way.” Not because I expect it to go my way, but because it doesn’t
    0:58:29 matter if it goes my way, because it’s the engagement that’s most meaningful to me. It’s
    0:58:35 the effort. I got it. So the engagement, you mean sort of the dogged persistence that you’re
    0:58:41 developing? The engagement in your personal goals. Like if I want to do something, whatever,
    0:58:44 I don’t know. Let’s pick something really innocuous. Like if I want to hike every day for a month or
    0:58:50 if I want to start meditating, if I don’t dial it, it’s not as important to me as is not looking back
    0:58:55 and saying to myself, “Ah, I should have done it.” It’s the doing for me that is the reward. And then
    0:59:01 sometimes things go my way and sometimes they don’t. But the thing I find most upsetting is
    0:59:05 regret. Because that’s something I have control over in the sense of like, if you didn’t do it,
    0:59:09 you have nobody to blame but yourself. Right. You can always attempt. You can’t predetermine
    0:59:16 success. You can’t pre-determine the outcome, but you can predetermine the effort because
    0:59:22 the effort is the only thing that you own. You can’t own results. You can only own initiative.
    0:59:26 Did you recall any, you mentioned your dad being a walk-it-off dad. I want to explore that a little
    0:59:33 bit. Do you remember any while you were still under his watch or not, early disappointments or
    0:59:41 self-inflicted wounds and how your dad responded or mistakes? This isn’t exactly a good example of a
    0:59:45 disappointment, but it’s a perfect example of his attitude. I was going to camp. I must have been
    0:59:53 about eight or nine. No, I’ll say nine. And I was going to like jujitsu camp. This was still during
    0:59:56 the free-range parenting era where you just got up in the morning and you left at home and you came
    1:00:01 back later. And that stuff was your responsibility. Did you say eight or nine and then jujitsu camp?
    1:00:08 I was really into martial arts when I was a kid. So it’s making me think of the movie Hannah where
    1:00:13 this Eric Bandit trains his daughter to be a super killer. I wish I was that good at jujitsu.
    1:00:20 But as I pointed out, it wasn’t the result that was important. It was just the effort. So
    1:00:24 I would ride my bike to camp every day and ride at home. And it was a good ride. It was like a
    1:00:31 five-mile ride to camp. And I fell one day coming down like a hill, you know, kind of, I don’t know,
    1:00:35 you know, free. This was like no helmets. This was a long time ago. I’m very old. Like, you know,
    1:00:40 no helmets, just like willy-nilly your backpack on and you know, you’re not signaling. And I fell
    1:00:47 and I hurt my arm very badly. And I can’t remember, but I contacted my dad and he’s like,
    1:00:50 “I’m not going to come get you. I can’t leave work. You have to get home on your own.”
    1:00:55 So I rode my bike back from camp, you know, like another three, four miles and my arm was broken.
    1:01:00 It was definitely broken. I had broken my arm and I got home and my dad was like, “Your arm’s not
    1:01:05 broken. I mean, you need some complaining.” You know, it was a sore. And the next day I woke up,
    1:01:09 it was like black and swollen and I had to like lift it off the pillow and he finally took me to
    1:01:13 the doctor and it was absolutely like a compound fracture. The bone hadn’t come through the skin,
    1:01:20 but it was a multiple fracture. I think at the time it felt cruel, but I think my dad’s larger
    1:01:25 attitude was like, no one is coming to save you. You have to save yourself. You have to find a way
    1:01:31 every single day to save yourself. And as a result, I think that as an adult, I just don’t spend a lot
    1:01:36 of time anguishing over what’s been done to me. And I was fine. I did ride my bike home and my arm
    1:01:40 was broken, but I still got home on my bike. And then the next day I got a super dope cast.
    1:01:46 And I think we just raised like these, I mean, I know I sound like everybody’s mom,
    1:01:51 but I just feel like we’re curating young people’s experiences so aggressively nowadays
    1:01:57 that they just don’t have any way to discover things about themselves. They don’t develop
    1:02:01 not just self-sufficiency, but like a curiosity about themselves and their abilities and what
    1:02:07 they can tolerate and what they can do if left alone because they’re just never left alone.
    1:02:12 I had a lot of time alone when I was a kid and I still really like being alone as an adult.
    1:02:19 Right. And also it strikes me that if you’re so protective of your child and your child’s ego
    1:02:26 that you effectively disallow them to fail or engage with risk that the delta, the difference
    1:02:34 between their actual competencies and abilities for self-preservation and their over-inflated
    1:02:38 sense of their capabilities is actually a huge disservice.
    1:02:47 And there’s sense of like you need to know what it feels like to fail and then what comes next.
    1:02:52 Because what comes next is what did I learn? How can I adjust? How do I pivot? How do I move forward?
    1:02:58 And just most people don’t develop those mental skills. They’re crushed by failure
    1:03:03 and it’s just an unavoidable element of life. And there’s so many people that I know who’s
    1:03:07 out of real, I mean, genuine love. Parents like I just don’t want to see my kid in pain.
    1:03:10 But like how are you going to, how do people move through the planet? How do people move
    1:03:15 through life without pain? That’s a false theory. It can’t be done. It just cannot be done.
    1:03:20 And so people just become incapacitated the first minute they hit any kind of a speed bump in their
    1:03:24 lives and they don’t know how to navigate disappointment. Whereas I was just deeply
    1:03:27 disappointed throughout my childhood. So I know exactly what it feels like.
    1:03:32 I was just like a max. I’m like, oh, that didn’t go my way. Moving on, you know.
    1:03:41 It makes me conjure my mind the image of this increasing amplitude of pain consequence
    1:03:45 over your life from like childhood to adulthood where the consequences grow
    1:03:47 potentially greater and greater. Where in the beginning, like when you’re a child,
    1:03:53 you’re basically engaging with pain and I shouldn’t say pain, but failure in many cases,
    1:03:57 not all cases, but many cases where you’re effectively in one of those like birthday party
    1:04:02 blow up sumo suits. Do you know what I’m talking about? And it’s like, so you can sort of engage
    1:04:06 with failure that way. And if you get knocked on your ass, there aren’t really real consequences.
    1:04:10 Then you get, you get to high school college and it’s like, okay, you’re out of the sumo suit,
    1:04:16 but you’ve got big kind of blow up boxing gloves on and huge piece of headgear.
    1:04:20 Then when you get out into some aspects of the real world, it’s just a bare-knuckle brawl.
    1:04:25 Permanent consequences. Yeah, exactly. So if you haven’t had the chance to get
    1:04:28 wailed in the face with the sumo suit, you’re not going to be ready for
    1:04:33 the blow up boxing gloves and the headgear. And if you certainly, if you don’t get whacked in the
    1:04:38 face a few times doing that, you’re just going to be crippled when you get out into the real world
    1:04:42 and get, you know, drop kicked in the face by someone who doesn’t follow the same rules.
    1:04:47 And crippled in that way that, you know, and I know you’ve interacted with people like this,
    1:04:52 in that way where when something bad happens, their whole monologue is like, why me? Like,
    1:04:55 why did this happen to me? You don’t understand what I’m going through. It’s like,
    1:05:00 you’re not special. Everybody is experiencing the same thing. Everybody’s heart is being broken.
    1:05:03 Everybody isn’t getting the job they want. Everybody isn’t going to sleep with what the
    1:05:08 hot person they want. Everybody is experiencing the same failures, the same injuries, but you
    1:05:12 just don’t know how to tolerate them. You are not special. And that’s not the same as saying,
    1:05:16 you don’t have the potential for being special. You know, there’s nothing anybody’s doing now
    1:05:19 that hasn’t already been done it that won’t be done in the future. Those kinds of personalities
    1:05:29 drive me crazy because they’re so stuck and boring. What did you think you were going to
    1:05:33 be when you grew up, when you were in high school or college?
    1:05:40 In high school, so interesting because I was like super academic. And I think I would thought I’d
    1:05:44 be an attorney. You know, I was like a big activist and I organized and marched and
    1:05:48 all that stuff. And I was like in the outing club and I rock climbed and all that stuff.
    1:05:50 So I thought I was going to be like an environmental lawyer, either an environmental
    1:05:54 lawyer or an environmental engineer. I really wanted to go to a school that was like really
    1:06:00 grounded in a relationship to nature. So I was applying to like Marlboro College and Reed and
    1:06:06 Bard and these schools that were like out in the woods. And I ended up going to Dartmouth,
    1:06:11 which is in New Hampshire and has this big land grant around it. And I thought I would be an
    1:06:15 environmental engineer. And I think I just took like the first prerequisite math course for
    1:06:21 engineering. And I was like, yeah, okay, it’s not just not going to be just nothing. I always love
    1:06:26 science, but I’m just a person of letters, I guess. I didn’t have the appetite for it. It wasn’t as
    1:06:29 glamorous as I thought. I think when I took my first engineering, I did, I think I’ve got through
    1:06:33 the math class, like did fine. Like I applied myself and I got a good grade. And then I went
    1:06:38 to my like, you know, an introduction to engineering three. And it was about like building
    1:06:42 like a fecal matter treatment plant. And I was like, this isn’t feeling like hugging trees at all,
    1:06:49 man, we’re just talking about poop all day. I lost my appetite for that really quickly.
    1:06:57 So then what did you just have this great existential angst? Or did you sort of shift
    1:07:04 to something else immediately following that? I was always doing kind of like performing things
    1:07:09 on the side, like I went to a high school that had a performing arts kind of magnet or like a
    1:07:14 pocket school within the regular school called the J. U. D. Maccoteer School of the Arts. So I was
    1:07:18 kind of doing my regular classwork and then doing like improv and stuff and sketch on the side. And
    1:07:21 then I went to Dartmouth and I was doing some of the same stuff like, you know, I was in one of
    1:07:27 those infernal Ivy League acapella groups that have been popularized since then by shows like
    1:07:31 Lee. So I was always kind of doing that as a hobby because it just never felt like a real job.
    1:07:34 And I graduated and I was living in San Francisco and I was working for a conservation
    1:07:41 organization. I got like my dream job. It was a group that purchased blighted urban land and
    1:07:45 turned into parks and underserved neighborhoods that didn’t have any outdoor space for kids to play.
    1:07:49 And, you know, it was like the mission was great because it wasn’t just kind of conservation of
    1:07:54 conservation’s sake. It was like conservation focused on engaging underserved communities.
    1:07:58 And it was the grooviest and I was just miserable. And I just…
    1:07:59 Why were you miserable?
    1:08:05 I didn’t know. It was a really good question. You know, it was like, why if I have my dream job
    1:08:10 in the city of my birth, why am I so unhappy? And I just did a lot of soul searching. And I
    1:08:13 realized it was because for the first time in my life, I wasn’t doing anything creative. I wasn’t
    1:08:19 performing. And so I’m a problem solver. I’m a matrix builder. I was like, well, how can I solve
    1:08:25 this problem right now? And I looked at all the ways that I could get on stage and stand-up comedy
    1:08:31 was the only thing I didn’t need to know anyone for, have an agent or a band or connections. I
    1:08:37 could just do stand-up right away. And so I started studying and watching the precursor to Comedy
    1:08:43 Central, which was this network called HA, a very short-lived network, taking notes and then, you
    1:08:47 know, after a while, just kind of screwed up the courage to go and do an open mic. And then
    1:08:50 that was, it was just transformational. I was like, oh, this is what I want to do with my life.
    1:08:59 Was the thinking immediately on how to turn performance into a career? Or did you expect
    1:09:05 that you would continue doing your job and doing stand-up on the side? Like, was it a career move
    1:09:10 from when you first built the matrix and decided on stand-up? Or was it, you know what, this is
    1:09:15 going to be great. I’ll continue doing this job and I’ll scratch my creative performance itch
    1:09:19 on the weekends with open mics. It’s so funny because, like, I don’t think I even realized
    1:09:25 that stand-up comedy was a job. You know, I was like a really bookish kid. A lot of guys will have
    1:09:31 these stories about how they grew up, you know, with Red Fox, you know, on vinyl that they listen
    1:09:35 to hundreds of times or following Letty Bruce or, you know, these idols or Bill Hicks. I just,
    1:09:40 I didn’t, I remember seeing Live on the Sunset Strip when I was a kid. I just thought Richard
    1:09:47 Pryor was an alien. Like, I’m a magical person who came down to do this thing. I just, the idea
    1:09:54 that that was like a vocation was just not in my head. So I remember seeing stand-up at Dartmouth
    1:09:59 when I was like a sophomore and coming out of a show and being like, do people know that this,
    1:10:03 like, you can go and have this feeling for an hour? Like, this is insanity. Like, I just remember,
    1:10:07 like, everything hurt from laughing, my face and my stomach and I just never experienced
    1:10:12 live comedy before. It didn’t dovetail into like a job at first. It was just something I was going
    1:10:18 to do for fun. I kept my day job 100% and I kept for a long time. I also didn’t want to be like one
    1:10:25 of these kind of like miserable, you know, sweating stand-ups or like gripping their inky notebook
    1:10:28 and sleeping on their buddy’s couch, you know, like I was in a relationship and I had a job that
    1:10:32 paid great and I could make flyers for my shows at work. I was like embezzling, you know, a copy
    1:10:38 paper and push pins as aggressively as I could. So I was and I still am of the opinion that like you
    1:10:43 should absolutely keep your day job, which I know is not the most popular. I’m of the same opinion.
    1:10:47 Absolutely. I think it gives you a freedom. People think it traps them, but I think it gives you
    1:10:53 this incredible freedom to just pursue art for art’s sake and let a job pay for it and do it for
    1:10:58 so long that everything you do is just for joy and it changes the way that you approach your art.
    1:11:02 You know, I would like get up and I’d go to work at like seven and I, you know, six or seven in the
    1:11:05 morning and I work until four and then I jump in the car and I drive two hours to Sacramento to do,
    1:11:09 you know, a set and I come back at midnight and I do it all over again. But I could do that
    1:11:12 and then it was just purely about the experience of performing and not about whether I was getting
    1:11:16 paid or not. So I did that for a long time before I finally quit my job. Now, for those people who
    1:11:23 don’t know the geography of Northern California where I lived for 17 years and coincidentally,
    1:11:30 the high school that you went to, is that now the Ruth Asawa School on O’Shaughnessy?
    1:11:33 It’s on O’Shaughnessy up there at the nexus of…
    1:11:35 Twin Peaks/Glen Park Canyon. Exactly.
    1:11:42 So I literally lived for five or six years about a quarter mile from that school.
    1:11:48 It’s not a big city even though I think when you feel, when you live there, it feels like it’s
    1:11:54 an intimate place. It’s an intimate place. And given the density of San Francisco and the fact that
    1:11:59 I don’t know if people would consider it a comedy town, but there are certainly clubs and…
    1:12:00 Oh, it’s a comedy town.
    1:12:04 Yeah. So why would you go all the way to Sacramento? Sacramento is not
    1:12:09 for those people who don’t know the area. It’s not like a 10-minute drive away from San Francisco.
    1:12:12 It’s far. San Francisco has always had a reputation for being a comedy town. Like the
    1:12:19 big comedy towns in the United States from comedians perspectives are San Francisco,
    1:12:24 Chicago, Boston, and New York. LA is not, I mean, LA is a company town, but it’s not a comedy town.
    1:12:29 And San Francisco was always one of those places that people saw as like a real crucible for kind
    1:12:34 of original comedy. You know, it was like where the Alts comedy movement happened. And, you know,
    1:12:40 Mark Merrin and Janine Garofalo and these kind of alternative comics, Brian Possane, came out of.
    1:12:45 And it was a comedy town. But when I started doing comedy, it was like the beginning of the
    1:12:50 contraction of the comedy economy. So there was a period of time when there were just
    1:12:54 hundreds of comedy clubs everywhere and you could make a living doing stand-up. You could
    1:12:58 kind of go from place to place and you could get a gig and you could get paid. And I started
    1:13:02 doing stand-up at the beginning of the end of the comedy bubble. So when I started doing stand-up,
    1:13:06 the club community was contracting and some of the big clubs in San Francisco were closing.
    1:13:10 I think at one point there were maybe like five or six active clubs. And then by the time I was
    1:13:15 working consistently, there were only two. And there was just a lot of competition for stage time.
    1:13:21 And to get good at comedy, you can’t just do it like once a weekend. You know, you need to be on
    1:13:26 stage like every night. It’s like being a high diver. You know what? It’s literally like Malcolm
    1:13:30 Gladwell’s 10,000 Hours. And you’re not going to get 10,000 Hours of stand-up hanging out in
    1:13:34 San Francisco. Like you have to go everywhere and take every single opportunity to be on stage
    1:13:40 that you can get. So I would drive to Sacramento. I would drive to Fresno. I would do these terrible
    1:13:46 bar shows in Menlo Park. And oh God, I don’t even remember some of the places. Cupertino and
    1:13:50 Martinez. I mean, you would just go anywhere that you could get six minutes on stage. And
    1:13:54 there were a hundred other people trying to get those same six minutes. So it was really competitive.
    1:13:58 The culture where I think was pretty supportive, like comedians were supportive of each other,
    1:14:02 but it just, there just wasn’t enough stage time. So you just do anything and go anywhere to get it.
    1:14:08 I want to ask about this comedy contraction. We won’t spend too much time on this because I don’t
    1:14:12 want to take us completely off the reservation. But what happened? I mean, it was like beanie
    1:14:16 babies. Like people were like, really, the beanie babies. And it’s like, no, comedy isn’t cool
    1:14:22 anymore. And then all the clubs closed. Was it just a macroeconomic downturn? I mean, what happened?
    1:14:28 I think it was three factors. One factor was just, there was just a glut. Live comedy in some ways
    1:14:31 in the 70s and 80s was kind of a new thing. And it’s not like people hadn’t been doing stand-up
    1:14:38 prior to that. But the proliferation of stand-up comedians in the culture really started happening
    1:14:43 at that time. And what that was fueled by, I honestly don’t know, like why were there so
    1:14:47 many more comics doing stand-up in the 70s and 80s? Maybe because that was the period where there
    1:14:53 were these superstar comics that were, I’m trying to think of who would have been really popular
    1:14:57 besides like Bill Hicks. And I can see that though. Maybe it’s analogous to like celebrity
    1:15:01 chefs in the last 15 years. Yeah, exactly. And part of the reason why there are so many more
    1:15:05 celebrity chefs is because there started to be celebrity chefs on television. So if you think
    1:15:11 about that in terms of comedy, what you see is, oh, that’s a job. I can make money at that. Whereas
    1:15:17 people weren’t really encountering live comedy if they didn’t go to a live comedy show. So you
    1:15:23 start to see these guys on TV and you think, and honestly, when Ha, the precursor to Comedy Central
    1:15:29 started, they needed comics and they needed opportunities. They needed clubs. They needed
    1:15:34 content. It was a 24-hour network. So there were some good comedians on that station, and there
    1:15:42 were some really, some really shady ones. Really bad. And so a lot of people watching probably
    1:15:48 thought, well, I can do that. I also think about guys like Sam Kinnison and Andrew Ace Clay. There
    1:15:52 was kind of like a golden era in that time. And we were seeing all those people on TV. Then we
    1:15:55 were seeing a lot of people that were really subpar. And a lot of people were thinking, well,
    1:16:00 if that guy can write five crappy minutes about an airplane, I can. Then you coupled that with
    1:16:05 this explosion in comedy clubs, which were a relatively new phenomenon. I mean, when Joan
    1:16:10 Rivers was doing stand-up, she was doing stand-up in strip clubs. There were very few comedy
    1:16:14 clubs. And comedy was kind of a part of a vaudeville approach. So you’d hire a singer and
    1:16:19 then you’d hire a comment, but there weren’t places dedicated to comedy. So these comedy clubs opened.
    1:16:24 It was a really easy way to make money because comics weren’t that expensive.
    1:16:29 And you had a two-drink minimum. People would come in, they would get wasted. You’d have huge
    1:16:33 margins on your booze. So these comedy clubs started proliferating. And then there was just
    1:16:39 peak clubs. Saturation. Yeah, it became unsustainable. So they started to contract
    1:16:46 because of market saturation. The economy started to contract in the ’80s. And people could watch
    1:16:52 comedy on TV. The proliferation of comedy on television affected people going out to see it
    1:16:59 in a club. So there were like kind of those three factors all kind of intersecting. And when it
    1:17:02 happened, it was really aggressive. Like I said, I think there were maybe like five or six comedy
    1:17:06 clubs in San Francisco when I was in high school. And by the time I was doing stand-up in my 20s,
    1:17:12 there were two. And they were attracting like high-end peak talent. So for example, this club’s
    1:17:15 still there. It’s called the Punchline. Punchline. I’ve been there a few times.
    1:17:19 There was the Punchline and there was COBS. And those are still the only two clubs. And maybe
    1:17:24 there’s some minor clubs that have sprung up since then. But they would book these big headliners.
    1:17:29 So the only time you could go up if you were an amateur, like a young comic, was on a Sunday
    1:17:34 or a Wednesday. And there’d be 20 other guys trying to get on as well. And it would be wildly
    1:17:39 competitive. And you wouldn’t be getting paid. And then you’d be super anxious because you’d be
    1:17:44 hoping, okay, I need to go up and I need to destroy because I want this club owner to hire me again.
    1:17:50 So I can’t work out. I can’t fail in front of this guy because he won’t see this, you know,
    1:17:55 when you watch like an Olympic skater during practice and they’re falling. That’s what practice
    1:18:01 is for. You know, practices for like finding your weak spots and reinforcing them. But when you’re
    1:18:04 up in front of a comedy club owner and you, it’s been six months that you’ve been trying to get
    1:18:08 out on this club and you finally get five minutes, it’s got to be a monster five minutes. There was
    1:18:13 just no way to improve. I was going to say, how do you get in your rough drafts? I mean, how do
    1:18:21 you work on the material? Drive to Martinez. Oh, I see. I see. So you’d right, work out the kinks
    1:18:29 with the crew at the such and such casino and God knows where Turlock and then Fubars or Roostertea
    1:18:33 Feathers or, you know, one of these other places that, yeah, you know, it’s different than being
    1:18:41 an author or an athlete or even a musician because there’s an autonomy to comedy. Absolutely.
    1:18:47 But you need other people. You can’t do it. It can’t just sit around your place practicing.
    1:18:50 You know what I mean? Like with music, you know, if it’s night, you know, if you’re sharp or flat,
    1:18:53 you know, if you hit all the notes, you know if the tempo is right. But with comedy, the only way
    1:18:58 it works is in front of an audience. And so you’re very dependent on, on stage time. And
    1:19:00 that’s everything when your young comic is stage time.
    1:19:06 Do you remember your early content? I mean, what kind of, what was your approach early on? Do you
    1:19:10 remember the first, and maybe I mean, a different way to approach this, you could take it, answer it
    1:19:15 however you like. Do you remember the first time that you bombed or the, what is your first memory
    1:19:21 that comes to mind of bombing? Oh, God, I bombed so many times. It’s just, it all seeps together
    1:19:26 into an inky blackness. Any comic could tell you that ever bombed is lying. And again, the only
    1:19:31 way to get funny is to bomb. No one ever gets funnier after they kill. You know, they just walk,
    1:19:34 I’m like, follow that bitches or they drop the bike. You know what I mean? They go off into shots
    1:19:38 with their friends. I mean, you really need to, you really need to bomb and bomb hard to get funny.
    1:19:44 I remember doing this one show. Oh God. So there was, there was an open mic in a laundromat
    1:19:50 south of market around the police station there. So what, maybe like, you know, eighth and mission
    1:19:54 or something like that for people in San Francisco. And I think it was called brainwash. I think the
    1:19:58 place was called brainwash. And they would have this open mic in the back of this laundromat.
    1:20:03 And in comics, no, you know, with these open mics, with these local open mics that typically
    1:20:08 there are no actual audience members in the audience. It is just a roomful of comedians
    1:20:12 waiting for you to be done so that they can try out their material, all of them looking at their
    1:20:16 notebooks, not listening, not laughing. And you’re just kind of trying to gut it out and pause where
    1:20:20 you think the laughter might occur if you were in front of actual human beings. And I just did a
    1:20:27 set where I just, I did not get one laugh. And I remember that one, not even like, not even like
    1:20:34 a cursory titter. And I remember just silence, just like, like, like just a wall of silence.
    1:20:37 And I got off, even thinking about it right now, it’s so funny to me. Like I talked to a girlfriend
    1:20:41 afterwards, I was like, Oh my God, I couldn’t even call that a bad set. I don’t know what that was,
    1:20:48 but it was so funny to me that I didn’t get a laugh. There was this bullet proofness that I got
    1:20:54 from that set that just made me impervious to anything ever going wrong in my life or career
    1:20:58 again. Even when I’m talking about now, it’s like there’s a huge smile on my face because it was so
    1:21:05 funny. How little I was able to elicit out of that audience. It just made me so mentally strong.
    1:21:11 Was that the immediate response that you had? I mean, or were you in the middle of the set when
    1:21:18 you’re like, in the back of your mind thinking, Wow, no one is laughing. Was it like the reverse of
    1:21:23 the five stages of grief? Or did you just go straight to like, yeah, motherfuckers, this is great.
    1:21:29 This is going to make a great story however many years from now on Tim Ferriss’s podcast.
    1:21:35 Well, one thing comedians love is agony. I mean, we dine out on it as definitely like our stock
    1:21:39 in trade. So a comedian very quickly transitions from, Oh my God, this is the worst night of my
    1:21:42 life too. Oh my God, this is going to make a great story. That happens almost instantaneously.
    1:21:48 So we have a little bit of a, we have some armor in that regard because we could wake up like naked
    1:21:51 and shivering on the side of the road with like no money and no phone and not speak the local
    1:21:55 language. And you’d be thinking, okay, if I live, this is going to make a killer story.
    1:22:00 So I think in the moment, I just thought I had watched a couple other people go up and not do
    1:22:06 very well either. I was prepared for it not going my way. And I think also there’s a discipline to
    1:22:10 comedy that if you’re not a comedian, you can’t understand which is that you’ve got to get up
    1:22:15 and do your set. You don’t get to tap out like tapping out as true failure. If you went up and
    1:22:18 you had a bad set, well, you just need to write new jokes. But if you go up and you give up,
    1:22:24 that’s true failure for a comedian. There are some really famous examples of this online.
    1:22:26 I don’t know if you know the comedian, Bill Burr, but-
    1:22:31 So I interviewed Bill Burr about a year and a half ago and I played the video,
    1:22:33 which he had never seen or he claimed to have never seen.
    1:22:35 Yes, he checked some wheel. He has still had some trauma. He has like some-
    1:22:40 So can you, for people who don’t know the story, can you please describe it? Because it’s just
    1:22:46 so amazing. It’s insane, right? It’s insane. So he was doing one of those big radio,
    1:22:50 those radio station concerts, like the Jingle Ball or whatever. And I don’t remember. It was
    1:22:54 called the Weenie Rose. I think it was the Weenie Rose. So it’s one of the shows at some local
    1:22:59 stage, you know, like K-Rock, 97. Rock, K-Rock, you know, like one of those shows. And it’s,
    1:23:03 I don’t know, Weezer’s too cool of a band. It would be like Nickelback and, you know,
    1:23:07 some other band that sounds like Nickelback and then the Nobody Man you never heard of. Anyway,
    1:23:10 I don’t know why people still do this, but if you’re a comic and someone offers you money,
    1:23:15 you take it. So they would hire a comic to kind of warm up the crowd, you know, early in the day.
    1:23:20 And no one pays to see Nickelback and then wants to sit through 15 minutes of stand-up. You know,
    1:23:24 everyone’s drunk and on drugs. They’re not even facing forward, you know what I mean? It’s just
    1:23:28 like the work, like there’s nothing, the only thing worse than performing in front of an outdoor
    1:23:34 audience is performing in front of people who are eating. Yeah, this is like a tailgate at like
    1:23:40 11 a.m. or 1 p.m. or something. Yeah. Everybody’s been, you know, everybody like busted out there
    1:23:44 like marijuana brownie recipe for the year. They’re all like completely looped, you know,
    1:23:47 like one of their eyes is completely dilated and the other one is like falling out of their head.
    1:23:52 Nobody cares about your jokes about your mom and your family. So they’re just like, could not
    1:23:58 muster compassion if they tried. So he starts doing stand-up and it just immediately starts
    1:24:06 getting booed. And it’s just this tidal wave of disdain. And he knows if he doesn’t finish,
    1:24:12 he will not get paid. But it’s not like it’s like silence. You can tolerate, right? But like people
    1:24:17 are screaming at him to get off stage. And he makes it very clear to the audience. You have to
    1:24:21 watch it because I’ll never be able to do it justice. But he makes it very clear to the audience
    1:24:25 that he is not leaving the stage until he does his 10 minutes, that he does not care how they feel
    1:24:30 about him. And he’s counting down the minutes. Yeah. Yeah. Every minute he’s like, nine minute,
    1:24:35 you fucking fucks. Exactly. I hope he says something really outrageous. Like, I hope your
    1:24:42 mother gets cancer in the center of her asshole, seven minutes. It’s so, it’s so, it’s just a
    1:24:49 demonstration of tenacity. Later, you know, he was embarrassed by it. But every comedian understands
    1:24:53 this kind of blood battle that you sometimes have with an audience where
    1:24:57 they’re not going to scare you and they’re not going to drive you away. You’re going to deliver
    1:25:01 the material that you were hired to deliver. You’re going to make your money and then you’re
    1:25:05 going to go off and spend it on life here in chicken wings. But no one is, you will not be
    1:25:09 deterred. So I think because you understand that as a comedian very early on in your career,
    1:25:15 no matter what happens on stage, I will not be moved. So I just, I had material to do and I
    1:25:19 did it. And I think, I remember thinking almost immediately, well, okay, I’m not going to get
    1:25:22 any laughs. So I’m just going to kind of like listen to this set and see what it feels like,
    1:25:25 see what the words feel like, see what might play in front of actual people.
    1:25:29 But it started to get really delicious. And I think if you watch the Bill Burr video,
    1:25:33 you’ll also see that he starts to really enjoy it. It starts to be like the savory
    1:25:40 masochism towards the end where he’s so powerful in his lack of caring. You watch it and it’s,
    1:25:45 it is to be studied because he goes from kind of anguish to rage to this kind of delightful
    1:25:49 detachment by the end of the set. And I’ve seen, I’ve seen some other guys do similar stuff and
    1:25:55 it’s always really fun to watch. So a couple of things that I want to use as teasers for people
    1:25:59 who should watch this video. I think it was in, I’m almost 100% positive it was in Philadelphia.
    1:26:03 Philadelphia, I think. I know either that or Jersey, but yeah. I think it was Philadelphia
    1:26:10 because he started ridiculing Rocky and he said your hero is a fictional person and just tearing
    1:26:16 into them. And he basically for the, for half of his set just decided to abandon his material and
    1:26:22 just attack these people in the town and- Which way is a no-no generally? Yeah, which is a no-no
    1:26:26 generally. Like if people hate you, I mean there are like these unwritten rules of comedy and one
    1:26:29 of them is like you don’t, if some of the people in the audience hate you, like don’t turn all of
    1:26:32 them against you. This is just a sidebar, but don’t forget what you were going to say. There’s
    1:26:37 another very famous video, very famous, and it happened at the Punchline in San Francisco
    1:26:43 where there’s a guy playing, he’s a good guitar comic and a guy’s heckling him. It’s kind of just
    1:26:47 combative back and forth, but nothing too extreme. But then the guy gets up and he comes towards the
    1:26:52 stage, whatever, to defend himself or the girl he’s with, something like that. And the guy just
    1:26:59 hauls off and hits him in the head with a guitar. Sorry, sorry. Not funny, it’s tragic, but Jesus
    1:27:05 Christ. Everybody live. But what happens is up until that beat, the whole audience has been
    1:27:11 on the comedian side against this guy. It is a hairpin turn from them being like, yeah, shut up.
    1:27:14 You know, the comics like, hey, you know, people can enjoy the show because you’re talking, keep it
    1:27:20 down. And then he hits this guy and the whole audience just turns on him, just like instantaneous
    1:27:24 like Frankenstein’s monster mob, just the pitchforks come flying out. And so one of the unwritten
    1:27:29 rules of comedy is that, you know, you just don’t, you want to try to at all costs avoid turning
    1:27:33 everybody against you, which so Bill broke a bunch of rules, but he just, he never gave up, you know,
    1:27:37 which I think it becomes this, you know, it’s like the Rudy moment at the end of the movie,
    1:27:43 like, man, that sucked, but you sure suck in there. And he got a standing up. Well, I mean,
    1:27:48 everybody’s already standing, but he got massive applause from the audience at the end, which is
    1:27:53 just, because they’re just like, what the fuck? Like it didn’t even fit into like any mental
    1:27:59 shuristic of comedy that they could expect. It was, it was straight prison yard dynamics, right?
    1:28:06 Like nobody, you know, the line from out of sight, right? Just like the yard. Nobody back
    1:28:11 in town. Nobody’s backing down. And he just, you know, I think they, there was like a thousand
    1:28:15 of them to one of her, probably like 10,000 of them to one of him. And he just did not back down.
    1:28:21 He got the slow respect clap at the end. Oh my God. So I wasn’t going to go to heckling,
    1:28:26 but why not? Since we’re already here. Do you have any memorable heckling stories? Did you
    1:28:32 recall the first time you got heckled? I started doing standup like 25 years ago. So at this point,
    1:28:36 like all the sets have just kind of blended, but, and heckling can be lots of different things. It
    1:28:44 doesn’t always have to be like the conventional kind of you suck heckle one. I had one time where
    1:28:48 this woman and this kind of dovetails perfectly with the old like, don’t turn the audience against
    1:28:54 you where this woman was talking to me. She was sitting in the front row and she was talking to
    1:29:00 me the entire show just loud enough that I could hear her, but not really loud enough so the audience
    1:29:04 could hear her except for the people right around her. And it was driving me crazy. That’s awful.
    1:29:12 It was like a B in my ear. And as a result, I just seemed insane. Stopping to yell at this person
    1:29:18 that no one could hear. It was a very effective echo because she just completely derailed my show.
    1:29:22 And I just seemed like a dick because I was like, shut up lady. But no one could hear what she was
    1:29:30 saying. I remember that I really went off the rails last night and I generally have a rule
    1:29:34 with hecklers that unless they’re really disruptive to the entire room, I just never address them.
    1:29:39 Because what you do is, again, you derailed a show for 500 or 1000 people to deal with one
    1:29:42 person. And everyone’s never going to really understand what’s going on unless that person’s
    1:29:46 so loud that they’ve affected everybody else’s enjoyment of the night. But sometimes the affectionate
    1:29:52 hecklers are the worst because typically hecklers just want to be a part of the show. And so, you
    1:29:55 know, they say something, slam them a little bit, they shut up because they think they’re helping
    1:29:59 you out. It was the famous line is they’ll come up and be like, hey, like I helped you out. I’m like,
    1:30:04 buddy, I came with jokes and I don’t need this. I don’t have a box jumper in my act. I showed up
    1:30:12 ready to go. But when people are affectionate, you can’t insult them. They’re the most unmanaged
    1:30:16 of kind of. Now by affection, he’s always like, I love you. I love you. I love you. I had this one
    1:30:21 girl at one show in San Francisco, just so drunk. I’m just cross-eyed. And for the 90 minutes I was
    1:30:29 on stage, I love you so much. And I was just like, lady, all you’re doing is making me want to
    1:30:34 hit you in the head with this microphone stand. Your affection is not welcome here. And everybody
    1:30:38 else is like staring at this woman. But she just is a genuine expression of emotion for this person
    1:30:45 that is destroying my joy completely. So I really have a habit of just not talking to hecklers.
    1:30:47 What did you do in that case? Did you ignore her?
    1:30:52 I think that I kept saying like, thank you. That’s super sweet. Shut the fuck up.
    1:30:58 Like, you know, clearly you weren’t hugged enough as a child. I mean, I just eventually got mean
    1:31:02 because it was just like, I couldn’t get this woman to stop talking. And I think the people
    1:31:07 around her got embarrassed and they eventually kind of shut her up, which was nice. And I’m
    1:31:13 trying to think of any other really good hecklers that, oh, I had one guy. It’s a mental discipline,
    1:31:16 too, because, you know, like, again, like, it’s your show. You have the microphone. You’re in
    1:31:19 control. You know, I think the audience thinks they’re in control, but they’re not. I mean,
    1:31:24 that the Bilber scenario is a perfect example. The person with the microphone has all the power.
    1:31:28 As long as it cannot be moved, they will eventually win. But I had this one guy,
    1:31:32 it was sitting like really close to the stage. It was like a group of 12 people and they were all
    1:31:37 like laughing their asses off. And then he was just arms crossed, just looked like he just had
    1:31:41 just seen a big scoop of fecal matter. And I, it was all, he was all I could see, like, you know,
    1:31:45 anything like the whole audience had disappeared. And it was just straight vignette on this guy’s
    1:31:52 like sour puss face. And it was just wrecking my whole night. And I finally said, if you don’t
    1:31:56 want to be here, just fucking go, man, I’ll give you your money back. I cannot look at your face
    1:32:02 for one more minute. And I met it. It wasn’t even a joke. I was just like, get out. And you are
    1:32:07 harshing my mellows so hard. And he left. I didn’t feel bad about it. And then I went on with the
    1:32:14 show and his girlfriend goes, he had a bad day. But what was great was nobody else at the table
    1:32:17 wanted to leave. They were like, you know, good riddance to bad rubbish. And he, you know, he
    1:32:21 went on and the rest of the people enjoyed their night. So again, that was me. That was my, you
    1:32:24 know, I should have been disciplined enough not to be distracted by, you know, old sour puss.
    1:32:29 But I’m only human, you know, if the Grinch is sitting in the front row, you know, something
    1:32:36 must be done. When you were just getting started, how did you get better at comedy? And what I mean
    1:32:43 by that is you’re very smart. You, like you mentioned, matrix capable. Did you do any type
    1:32:48 of postgame analysis? Did you watch video of yourself? Did you watch video of other comics?
    1:32:53 How did you hone your craft? Or maybe a better question is what helped the most in honing your
    1:32:58 craft? You know, it’s interesting. Like, I think that there’s a definite math to comedy. And then
    1:33:04 there’s also a secondary ineffability. I guess what I mean is like, you can learn how to be a
    1:33:12 better comic, but you can’t learn how to be a comic. Or even a different way. I really wanted
    1:33:16 to be an engineer. And I could have really suffered and struggled through like the elevated math that
    1:33:23 would I would need to become an engineer. But it would never be effortless for me. And I think
    1:33:28 with comedy, there are people who very workmen like can learn how to do comedy. And then there’s
    1:33:31 some people who are just naturally comedic and they still have to work to be better at it. You
    1:33:36 know, you say both still has to train, even though he was born with more fast-switch muscles than
    1:33:40 everybody else, he still has to train to become a champion. So I feel like with comedy, you know,
    1:33:44 people can be the class clown or they can be the guys naturally funny. There’s still a methodology
    1:33:50 and there’s still a mathematics to becoming a comic. And then at the same time, if they have this
    1:33:56 this ephemeral ineffable kind of understanding of the math of comedy,
    1:34:02 they’re going to be able to do something magical with those skills. So for me, I don’t know that
    1:34:07 I thought I was a funny kid, but I was an observer. And I was really nerdy and a little bit of a
    1:34:11 social pariah. So storytelling, we came away to make friends, you know what I mean? Like to
    1:34:16 like, ingratiate myself. I would kind of like try to talk my way into situations or if I was in
    1:34:23 a social situation, talk really fast to try to keep myself engaging, not be rejected. So that
    1:34:27 was what I brought to it was like that combination of being an outsider and an observer and then
    1:34:32 using those skills to try to kind of connect with people. But with comedy, I never took
    1:34:35 any classes. I never read any books. There’s definitely people who can say, oh, you know,
    1:34:39 there’s a total methodology to comedy. It’s, you know, the rule of threes and, you know,
    1:34:42 stretching reality to the point of breaking, but not past it. I mean, there are, you know,
    1:34:46 some specific rules. What’s the rule of threes? I probably wouldn’t even be able to articulate it
    1:34:51 properly. It’s just that like, if you’re going to do a series of jokes or a series of builds to a
    1:34:56 punchline, it needs to be three. I get it. I get it. And also if you’re going to do any kind of a
    1:35:00 diversion, if you’re going to lead people in one direction and then snap around to a different
    1:35:06 kind of absurdist results, you can’t do that in two. It has to be the pace of it has to be three.
    1:35:11 I see. And then past three, you’re starting to draw things out too long, but two doesn’t give
    1:35:17 people enough of a time to be pulled into a false sense of security before you kind of pull the
    1:35:20 rug out from under them. As soon as you start explaining that, the math of comedy, like none of
    1:35:23 it makes any sense, you know what I mean? Like it’s those two things, you know, someone who’s
    1:35:27 really gifted at physics, they know that there are rules, but still they see things that others
    1:35:33 people can’t see. They see the world as numbers and data and the rest of us are just like table,
    1:35:41 chair, water, sex. So I guess the way that I did it was that I’m also really an undisciplined
    1:35:46 comedian. And what I mean is like, like there’s a documentary about Gary Shalling out right now,
    1:35:50 which I haven’t watched, but I’m sure that this is in there because he was very famous for being a
    1:35:53 really disciplined writer. Like he would get up and he would write every single day. And sometimes
    1:35:57 it would be pages and pages of material without fail. Other comments like, hey, let’s get a beer
    1:36:02 and be like, no, I have to write. And every day he would write on this like legal, this is probably
    1:36:06 true and apocryph at the same time on this like legal, I knew about this tiny handwriting. He
    1:36:09 would just write and write and write and write. I do not do that. I’ve never worked that way.
    1:36:15 I just get on stage. I try a bunch of stuff. I keep what works. I know what works. I already
    1:36:18 know right away what works. I’ll run off stage. I’ll write down the things that I knew hit. I’ll
    1:36:21 write down the things I know didn’t hit. And then I’ll go back and try it again,
    1:36:27 dropping the stuff that wasn’t good and putting new stuff in. I record my sets, but I never,
    1:36:31 I cannot listen to my own voice. So I have hours and hours of material on tape that I just
    1:36:36 have never listened to. So I don’t know why I still engage in that behavior when it’s clearly
    1:36:42 not useful to me. I think the more you do it, the more you intuitively understand, oh,
    1:36:47 this is a rich area. People are connecting with this, this other stuff. There’s also something
    1:36:52 you learn as you move through comedy, which is, it’s not just important to get a laugh. Like,
    1:36:58 does this material say something specific and personal about me? Because when your baby comic,
    1:37:02 every joke is meaningful to you because you only have eight jokes, right? And so even if they’re
    1:37:08 stupid or juvenile or unsophisticated or valueless or coreless, you’ll still do them because that’s
    1:37:12 all you have. And then as you get older, you start to think, okay, I want to have a body of
    1:37:16 work here. Does this hang together? Does it have a strong point of view? Does it have an identity?
    1:37:20 And then those other jokes start to fall away. And then the material really becomes about trying to
    1:37:23 tell some kind of a story about yourself and the way you perceive the world. And then that’s how
    1:37:28 you shape it. And so sometimes things that are really funny go away, things that are less funny
    1:37:32 stay because they’re more impactful. Does that make sense? Yeah, it does make sense. Absolutely.
    1:37:38 I think that’s true for musicians. I think it’s true for many different artists writers too,
    1:37:44 probably for writers. It’s like, I’m going to find a space that’s that really says something about
    1:37:49 like my accumulated understanding and knowledge of the world. And it’s not just enough to say
    1:37:54 something like I need to say something that’s uniquely mine, something you can only do by being
    1:37:59 prolific, because you need to be able to let things go in order to figure out what should stay.
    1:38:03 Definitely. I mean, there’s a certain volume to it, thinking of it almost as a funnel.
    1:38:08 And, you know, I think and I certainly hope for the sake of our, not to sound like an old man,
    1:38:15 but I guess that’s what I’m turning into. For the sake of our society in general,
    1:38:19 I would hope just seeing the number of hatchet jobs and the amount of yellow journalism and
    1:38:28 click baiting with pieces that have not been fact checked and so on, and take down pieces of
    1:38:33 folks who are otherwise doing actually a lot of good in the world, but people feeling no compunction
    1:38:40 about running pieces that get a lot of clicks, because that’s the only metric they’re focused on.
    1:38:46 At some point go from what can I write that will get the most clicks to what can I write that I
    1:38:53 will be proud of that may or may not. And I think you can figure out a way to make it a non-binary
    1:38:58 decision. In other words, you can figure out something you can be proud of that is simultaneously
    1:39:05 likely to find some type of sizable audience. I think in the beginning, there’s a temptation,
    1:39:09 particularly if you have quit your job and you’re like, where’s my next rent check coming from?
    1:39:14 How can I appeal to the widest number of people possible? And that’s a very
    1:39:21 precarious position or mindset to put yourself into if you’re hoping to do anything creatively
    1:39:29 evergreen. Right. And also, it’s interesting, when I went to school, we had the honor system,
    1:39:34 and you were just expected to hold yourself to a high standard, because that was what was right.
    1:39:40 That’s what you did. You were going to be called upon to stand behind your work, and so you tried
    1:39:44 to work very hard to make sure that you could defend it. I don’t think that it’s like we’re
    1:39:47 any less ethical than we’ve ever been. It’s just like you said, our metrics have changed.
    1:39:54 And I think that people value fame for fame’s sake rather than for the foundational reasons
    1:39:57 that people become famous. And I think that’s the problem. And I don’t think it just exists in
    1:40:02 journalism. I think that people value infamy. They can’t distinguish between fame and infamy.
    1:40:10 And with a 24-hour news cycle, like the bright burst is as meaningful as a slow burn. I actually
    1:40:15 don’t really know what we do or what should be done or what should happen to counteract that other
    1:40:22 than people start to maybe get hip to it and start rejecting baseless journalism. And let me take
    1:40:25 the back. I find it very easy to distinguish between things that seem like they’ve been thoroughly
    1:40:29 bedded and things that are bullshit. But I think that people are working very hard to make it harder
    1:40:33 for the rest of us to distinguish between the two. So there are, without me sounding like a crazy
    1:40:38 person, there are nefarious forces at work trying to make it very hard for us to figure out what’s
    1:40:44 real and what’s not real. And I think we have to start to raise people who are just more critical
    1:40:47 thinkers, but it’s hard to be a critical thinker when you’re just scrolling through your Instagram
    1:40:56 feed looking at butts and cupcakes all day long. Have you been watching my feed? Are you looking
    1:41:00 over my shoulder? Are you one of the nefarious forces? I’m following you and I know what you’re
    1:41:09 into. You know, I have to admit there was a day and you would think supposedly being a tech
    1:41:14 investor and all this stuff for 10 years that I would figure this out. There was a day when I
    1:41:21 was scrolling through cupcakes and thongs and I looked up at my profile and I was like, “Wait a
    1:41:32 minute. People can see what I follow?” And I was like, “Oh, fuck.” You know, fortunately, I’ve
    1:41:38 systematically dismantled and deliberately tarnished any semblance of any reputation I might
    1:41:44 have very deliberately, so that I feel… I’m going to start interviewing you now. This is so
    1:41:52 interesting. So that I don’t feel I have any, you know, Stepford Wives polished persona to preserve,
    1:41:58 right? It’s like, yeah. That’s so good and that’s so interesting to me and it’s different than just
    1:42:05 being a slob. What you’re saying is I refuse to create a box within which I will be kept by others.
    1:42:08 I think that comes also from a curiosity about the world. I actually think that like people
    1:42:13 who are trying to remain perfect all the time are fear driven. That’s not a position of strength.
    1:42:16 People think they’re maintaining position of strength when they’re trying to maintain an
    1:42:21 appearance of perfection, but that is by its very nature, a posture of fear, which is I cannot be
    1:42:26 seen to have imperfections. I cannot be seen to have flaws. There can be no chinks in my armor
    1:42:30 and I’m terrified of being judged. But there is something very liberating and I think it comes
    1:42:35 from age as well and from experience. I don’t mean experience like a resume, but like just having
    1:42:44 experiences to realize how little you know and how the only way to learn is to constantly be like
    1:42:49 skinning your knees and that that doesn’t go away. Like the older you get, the more you know
    1:42:55 that you know very little and that you cannot learn if you are constantly trying to maintain
    1:42:58 a posture of perfection. That’s why I’m a total mess.
    1:43:06 Well, if you don’t practice skinning your knees just to like really bleed the metaphor for all
    1:43:09 it’s worth, if you don’t practice skinning your knees, you’re not going to develop the callus
    1:43:17 for increasingly painful grades of sandpaper. This is really awkwardly overextended now. But
    1:43:25 the point being, if you operate from a place of fear and want to please this nebulous majority
    1:43:31 more than you want to please yourself, that’s not to say that I’m always, I’ve always viewed
    1:43:35 my entire life and all my decisions as a singular locus of control and the palm of my hand and I
    1:43:38 care what no one thinks. That’s not true because that’s not how humans have evolved. But if you
    1:43:45 are deferring to others, your perception of what others want on the small things, then it’s going
    1:43:48 to become harder on the medium things and then impossible and then it’s going to become harder
    1:43:54 and impossible on the big things. And for that reason, I find it very valuable to
    1:44:02 deliberately expose yourself to different types and levels of discomfort so that you
    1:44:06 can actually stand up for the important stuff when it matters. Because if you don’t practice on the
    1:44:12 smaller stuff, for instance, like if I’m so humiliated by the fact that I like gorgeous female
    1:44:16 asses and I’m like, oh my god, and I put something up about, I put up this picture. So this is what
    1:44:20 I do occasionally when I’m like, you know what, I think I’m getting a little, a little fat and happy
    1:44:26 and complacent and maybe I have too much FOMO or something like that. I will, I remember at one
    1:44:35 point, I put up this photo of this gorgeous Latin ass and female and it said like “nalgofilia” and I
    1:44:41 had this, in Spanish, this explanation of this fake condition which was “nalgofilia”. Anyway,
    1:44:46 I think it was “nalgofilia”. Anyway, “nalgas” is like ass in Spanish. Anyway, so I put this up on
    1:44:51 Instagram. So it’s Spanish for “assman” is what you’re saying. That’s right. It’s Spanish for like
    1:44:56 “assman syndrome”, right? Or “assman disorder”. And I put it up and as to be expected, there is
    1:44:59 immediate outrage. I mean, there are plenty of people who think it’s kind of funny. Plenty of
    1:45:03 people are like, yeah, high five. And then there are plenty of other people who are just completely
    1:45:08 outraged. Disgusted with you, yeah. Disgusted with this fact that I find attractive women attractive.
    1:45:15 And yes, outrage is contagious. Yeah, it’s so, but I left it up because I like to call my audience,
    1:45:21 number one. Yes. If you don’t want to be here, please, I invite you to unfollow. Yeah, exactly.
    1:45:25 Right. It’s like the sourpuss in the front row. It’s like, let me give you,
    1:45:32 you look like you’re unhappy, but you’re still here. And let me give you, let me give you another
    1:45:35 reason to leave if I’m not your thing. Because go find something that’s your thing.
    1:45:39 Your opinion is valuable to you. Like I think there’s a freedom in saying I don’t need everybody
    1:45:44 to like me. I think that like there is something very meaningful in saying like, this is who I am.
    1:45:49 I’ll defend it, but I’m not here to be savaged by you. And honestly, we don’t know each other. I
    1:45:55 don’t care what you think anyway. Or maybe that person makes you think more critically about what
    1:45:58 you did. And then you take the big booty picture down. I don’t know. But I think you put it up
    1:46:03 purposefully to see what you were going to get back, which I totally did. And there are other,
    1:46:09 there are cases just so I don’t sound like a complete dick. There are other cases where I put
    1:46:16 something up without really thinking about it. And I do get feedback and realize, you know what,
    1:46:20 that’s actually a really kind of insensitive thing to put up. And I didn’t think it through,
    1:46:26 take it down. And there are cases when I do that. And people give me hopefully constructive feedback
    1:46:31 that isn’t just spitting acid into my face. And I take it down. So I do pay attention
    1:46:36 at the same time. I try to keep in mind advice that I was given years ago. I don’t remember
    1:46:41 who gave me this advice, but they said the advice was, it’s not about how many people don’t get it.
    1:46:47 It’s about how many people get it. So as long as you have a certain critical mass, whatever that
    1:46:51 means to you, and there’s an article called 1000 True Fans by Kevin Kelly that everybody should
    1:46:55 read to this effect, if you’re creative. But as long as you have a critical mass, and it could be a
    1:47:00 very small number of people who love your stuff, that’s all that matters. That’s like a pass fail.
    1:47:05 Right? As long as you have that pass, you’re green. Instead of focusing on the vast majority
    1:47:09 who hate your shit. It’s like, look, there are millions of people who hate like Christopher
    1:47:13 Nolan stuff. There are millions of people who can’t stand Wes Anderson. It’s like, look, some people
    1:47:17 just aren’t going to fucking like Wes Anderson. So it’s really interesting also, because I think
    1:47:21 if you’re an artist specifically, this is a really important conversation to have with yourself,
    1:47:25 which is like when I first started out at standup, you know, this is like kind of the
    1:47:29 period when like deaf comedy jam was really popular. And for lack of a better way of articulating,
    1:47:33 like black comedy had a very specific like look and feel and style and tempo. And I just wasn’t
    1:47:37 doing that kind of comedy. And I wasn’t ever going to be able to do that kind of comedy. It
    1:47:41 wasn’t who I was. It wasn’t experientially what I was doing. And I didn’t want to lie. And I knew
    1:47:45 there were comedians who were kind of falling into that stylistic approach to comedy. And it was
    1:47:49 really very false. You know, they kind of be one way off stage and then kind of fall into this
    1:47:53 character on stage. And there’s nothing wrong with trying to connect with an audience, but I just
    1:47:57 didn’t want to copy other people to try to get people to like me. And you know, for a long time,
    1:48:03 I really struggled. And then eventually my tribe found me, but I was able to stay. Oh, now I sound
    1:48:08 like a self help book, but like true to who I was because that was the only way forward. The
    1:48:13 only way forward as an artist is to be truthful. In the end, your work is not going to be interesting
    1:48:16 or meaningful if you are trying to emulate somebody else or trying to figure out what people want
    1:48:21 from you or what they like or what’s popular. Meaningful art only lasts. It only connects
    1:48:27 if it’s authentic and if it comes from your own personal experiences. And until you figure that
    1:48:32 out, like what that is, it’s never going to be interesting. It’s never going to be good. I always
    1:48:36 tell people it’s not being funny is not really actually the most important part of comedy.
    1:48:41 Being truthful is because if someone sees a good show, they go, that guy was really funny. But
    1:48:46 when you tell the truth about yourself, people go, Oh my God, holy shit, that guy like spoke to me
    1:48:52 or about me or was so vulnerable in that moment. Like that was amazing. And that’s the difference
    1:48:56 between good comedy and great comedy or between good art and great art or writing or anything.
    1:49:02 Yeah, it’s true. That’s that’s advice that I’ve also heard for screenwriting and many other things.
    1:49:05 I’m so glad you said that and reminded me of that. You have to please yourself. I mean,
    1:49:10 you just have to please yourself period because it might not go your way anyway. But the worst thing
    1:49:15 is creating something to figure out what people want and then creating some piece of shit, some
    1:49:19 like crass, you know, glib, solicitous piece of shit, and people don’t buy it anyway.
    1:49:22 Why not make something you love and then people don’t buy at least it was something that you
    1:49:27 loved and you’re not embarrassed by it. Right. You said it may not work out. And if you’re in
    1:49:31 the creative game, at least from what I’ve seen, particularly in the beginning, most things are
    1:49:36 not going to work out. Yeah, nothing ever goes your way. Right. So you might as well have one
    1:49:41 person who’s happy about the process. And exactly. Exactly. That was what I was saying about engagement.
    1:49:47 At least the experience was satisfying. And I would also, I feel like I’m talking too much,
    1:49:56 because I’m going to stop. But the other thought I might underscore for folks that is
    1:50:01 kind of practical tactical from a competitive standpoint, if you’re trying to play someone
    1:50:08 else’s game by taking on a persona, someone who is actually in, for instance, in the
    1:50:13 Def Comedy Jam example that you gave, right? If somebody is on stage and they are playing
    1:50:20 their game, that is who they are, you are never going to be able to take on like the cognitive
    1:50:27 load and the fatigue of pretending to be that type of person and beat someone who is good at
    1:50:33 that game. You’re just not going to. You’re not here so right. Yeah, you’re just not going to win.
    1:50:39 So it’s like you will not ultimately in any field that is competitive, which is effectively every
    1:50:45 field that people get paid for. If you want to be the best, you actually have to harness your
    1:50:53 latent abilities and or you’re fucked like you can’t like you mentioned on the engineering
    1:50:57 front. I mean, there’s so many places where, for instance, in writing, it’s like, I could try to
    1:51:02 be John McPhee who writes for the New Yorker or one of these folks, but I can’t be those people.
    1:51:07 I’m not going to be. I’m not going to ever be the wordsmith that say a toll story was, but
    1:51:13 do I like teaching? Do I obsessively think about teaching and deconstructing things that are
    1:51:20 complex? I do. So I can use books as a medium for teaching and think of it that way, because if I
    1:51:25 try to out McPhee, McPhee, I’m going to get my face ripped off. And well, you know, this is,
    1:51:29 we’re talking about creativity and creative pursuits, which by the way, almost everything
    1:51:34 is, even if you’re, if you meet people who are the top of their game in accounting, the top of
    1:51:38 the game, we’re not talking about shady money laundering shit. I’m just saying in accounting,
    1:51:44 in technology, there’s an element, there’s certainly an element of creativity. If you’re
    1:51:50 looking at the people who are really at the top and innovating in any way, doing exceptional work,
    1:51:57 you have done so many different things, acting, comedy, directing, writing, activism.
    1:52:05 You’ve been a host, you’ve done voiceover, you have engaged in so many different acts of creation.
    1:52:13 I want to talk about short films, films, and so on. I want to talk about movies,
    1:52:20 because as long-term listeners will know, I’ve been sort of teasing with the idea,
    1:52:30 which by the way, just means procrastinating of writing some short films. And I’m still at
    1:52:36 step zero, and I’m ashamed of that. But no shame. There’s no shame. Yeah. How did you decide to
    1:52:42 get into film and why? Film is hard. Why do it? It is tough. So that’s a really good question,
    1:52:47 because I feel like there’s the, you know, that like really humiliating kind of clam about, you
    1:52:52 know, I’m an actor, but what I really want to do is direct, and it feels very cliched. I feel
    1:52:57 like it was more organic for me, because again, I wasn’t someone who kind of, I didn’t go to film
    1:53:02 school. And I also don’t think I had the hubris to think like, oh, I’ve done this a couple years
    1:53:06 now, I can direct. It was, I love movies. Like, you know, we were talking about earlier, I was raised
    1:53:12 by a single dad, and I was one of those kids who like, I’d go with my dad to see like Die Hard,
    1:53:15 or Road Warrior, and way too early of an age. It’s super inappropriate. You know,
    1:53:19 like when I was in high school, I’d seen the Terminator, like the first Terminator film,
    1:53:23 like 20 or 30 times. Like, I just loved movies. I’d go to the theater, I’d buy a matinee ticket,
    1:53:26 and I’d stay in the theater until like eight o’clock at night, and I would just like, watch
    1:53:31 movie after movie after movie. So it just came out of a real end user’s love for film. Like,
    1:53:36 I was just someone who was transported by movies. And then when I left TalkSoup,
    1:53:44 I had been writing on that show, and there was a void, and I wrote a script that I was developing
    1:53:48 with a company, and I just kept talking about how I thought it should look, and how I thought it
    1:53:53 should feel. And, you know, it was just so much more specific than being a writer. And they were
    1:53:56 like, you know, you should direct, this is clearly like a movie that you should direct.
    1:54:02 And I hadn’t really thought about it. But I was just so intertwined with the material,
    1:54:06 and what I wanted it to feel like, because I know what movies that I love make me feel like,
    1:54:10 that I wanted that, someone to create that experience for other people. And I just realized
    1:54:13 like, I didn’t know what directing entailed. I didn’t have any idea about what that was going to be
    1:54:20 like. And I just went away to and started trying to learn about directing. And so I kind of would
    1:54:24 call people that I knew that were directors, if I was working on something, I would ask to come
    1:54:28 back to set when I wasn’t working, so I could hang out and shadow, which is where you just kind
    1:54:31 of hang around behind a director and watch them work. And I ended up shadowing with some really
    1:54:36 incredible people. I ended up spending several days on the wire in its last season. And yeah,
    1:54:40 and just got to just be on the other side of a process that can be relatively opaque when you’re
    1:54:44 an actor, you just kind of show up and say your lines and leave. And then I started making shorts.
    1:54:51 And I, and I guess this is going to sound very glib, but because I’m sure I have resources
    1:54:55 available to me that lots of people don’t, I do believe in it, like I just believe in personal
    1:54:59 aggression, like I just believe in doing stuff that personal aggression, personal aggression,
    1:55:03 like I just believe that like, if you want to make a movie, just start making a movie. And I don’t
    1:55:08 mean like, Oh, get a camera and start shooting it. But what I do mean is like, be hard on yourself,
    1:55:12 learn, read, learn, watch, study, think critically, ask people questions,
    1:55:16 and then make a movie and then let it be shitty and then make another one to let that one be
    1:55:19 shitty and keep doing it until you get better at it. Like the first short film I made was,
    1:55:23 and it’s an abomination, it will be never see the light of day. I had no idea what I was doing,
    1:55:27 but that didn’t make me not want to be a director. It just made me realize I needed to learn more.
    1:55:33 And then I started to feel like I was more ready and I, I was like, I need to make some stuff. So
    1:55:37 first thing was I did a comedy central special and I took the money that would have been my salary
    1:55:41 and I used it to make a like a little short music video that opens the comedy special. It wasn’t
    1:55:44 anything that was mandated by the network. I was like, I want to do something different.
    1:55:48 So I wrote this song and I performed it and I made a music video and that was the kind of the
    1:55:52 first thing I directed. I just used the crew that was already working on the special and shot
    1:55:58 this video with them. That’s really smart. So I would imagine, not to interject, but you piggybacked
    1:56:03 on something that was in your main line of business, so to speak. Exactly. And I imagine you
    1:56:10 saved a lot of costs by doing that, right? I mean, yeah, like the crew was already going to come up
    1:56:15 the day before and leave the day after to shoot the special. And we’d already rented the cameras
    1:56:21 and everything like that, but I had to still have to pay them for the extra work. I took my fee and
    1:56:25 I used it to pay everybody else. And then because I didn’t have any more money after that, I learned
    1:56:28 how to edit it and I edited it myself and I delivered it to the network because I couldn’t
    1:56:34 afford to pay for additional edit time. And then after that, I thought, okay, I want to do more
    1:56:38 of this. So then I rented a camera. I rented like a can of 5D and I had some friends who were in bands
    1:56:42 and again, like it sounds fancy, but everybody probably knows somebody who does something just
    1:56:45 because I had some friends who were in a famous band. Doesn’t mean that people out there don’t
    1:56:48 have friends who were in bands. So I just called some buddies of mine that were in bands and I
    1:56:53 said, “Hey, if you let me come on tour with you, I will make you a free music video, just a piece
    1:56:57 of fan art you can use in it, however you like. I’m not going to charge anybody any money for it,
    1:57:01 but just I want to make something and I want to make something for you.” And so I ended up
    1:57:06 going on the road with Silver Sun Pickups for a couple of dates and then spending a day with
    1:57:11 Clutch when they were performing at Anaheim and then I just gave them, I just cut music videos and
    1:57:15 delivered it to them. And so then I just started to have like examples of what I could do.
    1:57:20 Why music videos instead of something else? It just felt like a way to get more people to see it.
    1:57:24 I had done that first music video for my Comedy Central special, which was really like a comedic
    1:57:28 video, but then I was like, “Oh, I really like working in this space.” And a lot of directors
    1:57:32 come out of music video because you can be kind of radically creative in that space. You don’t
    1:57:36 need to have any like narrative linearity. You can experiment. You can be radical. It could just
    1:57:41 be like a series of images. And I also thought, well, people who like this band, I love this band,
    1:57:46 will want to see something about them. It’ll be a great way for people to see something. And then
    1:57:51 hopefully I can tell a story at the same time. And so I did three of those and I did a little
    1:57:56 action short. Like I just kind of kept making stuff. Every time I did it, I learned something.
    1:57:58 Every time I did it, I took a bigger risk creatively.
    1:57:59 How long are these shorts?
    1:58:01 Like three to five minutes.
    1:58:06 Three to five minutes. Can you think of any particular lessons that you took away from
    1:58:06 any one of those?
    1:58:12 Yeah, like I think a lot of it was just skill building. How do you frame up? And how do you
    1:58:16 make choices? And how do you do coverage? And then how do you edit? Like a lot of it was just
    1:58:24 really tactical, as you would say, practical, tactical. Oh, God, I have my pet phrases. This
    1:58:25 is also my weakness.
    1:58:27 I’m going to steal it. Steal it again from Tim.
    1:58:29 My pet phrase is so good.
    1:58:34 And then a lot of it was just getting confident with my own ability and my ability to articulate
    1:58:39 what I wanted from other people. You know, just how do the other jobs on a set work? Who does what?
    1:58:43 What do I need? Oh, God, this didn’t work. You know, I didn’t work because I didn’t have
    1:58:48 this kind of a person on set. Like, you know, I was shooting digitally and then on one show,
    1:58:53 on one of my things that I shot, like we didn’t have like a tech on set to like to help me
    1:58:56 make sure that it looked the way that I wanted it to look like that the levels were set properly.
    1:58:58 So when I got home to edit it, like I had some problems, but like it wasn’t,
    1:59:02 they weren’t catastrophic problems. It was just because, you know, I wasn’t making Star Wars,
    1:59:04 you know what I mean? I was just able to be like, well, this is what it is, and I’m going to make
    1:59:10 this and move on. And then I was getting ready to do, I really wanted to do a feature. I had some
    1:59:15 material I’d written, but it was kind of going to be an expensive movie. But I was still shadowing.
    1:59:19 So I had a friend who had a show called Penny Dreadful, John Logan to create a Penny Dreadful.
    1:59:23 I met him at Comic-Con. I had hosted the panel for that show. And he was like, hey, why don’t you
    1:59:27 you love the show? You should come visit us in Ireland. And I remember thinking like to myself,
    1:59:30 people always say that, and then you always say, yeah, and then you never do it. I was like,
    1:59:34 I’m going to do it. I’m fucking going to Ireland, man. That’s, I’m going to be cool. I want to,
    1:59:39 I want to be a cool kid for once in my life. And so I ended up going over visiting Penny Dreadful
    1:59:44 and Vikings shot right up the road. So I got them to let me visit that set. I just hung out at like
    1:59:48 passed out sandwiches and, you know, lifted stuff and asked questions and watched them work. And
    1:59:53 and then while I was over there, I met a bunch of Irish actors and one of them, two of them,
    1:59:57 actually, one was it was an actor composer, one was a writer, a screenwriter and an actor. And
    2:00:01 we ended up making a short film together in Ireland at the end of 2014. That was my first
    2:00:05 narrative short, my first kind of story driven short. It was just great. It was just like,
    2:00:09 I was like, oh, this is like totally who I am. This is what I want to do with my life.
    2:00:15 Where did you film in Ireland? In Galway, which is the beautiful town.
    2:00:21 Yeah, such a great place. I lived there for a month in 2005. Oh, yeah. Amazing. Oh, that’s so cool.
    2:00:25 Incredible arts festival there. It’s a really beautiful spot. Yeah, it is. It’s like the arts
    2:00:29 center of Ireland. They’ve got a beautiful film festival in the summer. They’ve got an arts festival
    2:00:35 and you know, like local theater and it was just a great experience. And, you know, things went wrong
    2:00:40 and things went right. But, you know, we got it in the can in three days and it was just super
    2:00:46 cool and personal. And then that same writer who had written that short had a feature he had already
    2:00:50 written and he asked me if I wanted to take a look at it and it was just a perfect first film. And
    2:00:57 that’s the film that became Access. Okay, so I want to dig in to Access. But before we get to that,
    2:01:03 you’re taking these trips, doing these music videos. During that period, did you save up for
    2:01:09 that period knowing that you would need to work out of your savings? Are you depending on royalties
    2:01:16 and other streams to pay your bills? How are you covering the necessities of life as you are
    2:01:20 handing out sandwiches and doing all these various things? Well, it wasn’t it wasn’t as prolonged
    2:01:25 of a period as it sounds like. I was on hiatus. So like I was working on the talk at the time
    2:01:30 and we get a month off every year. So I went in that month. But I think if I was talking to a lay
    2:01:36 person who didn’t work in television, I would say like, you know, if if what you want is to grow
    2:01:41 in whatever field you’re interested in, like, just create a space for that, make that your
    2:01:45 vacation. It wasn’t like I like was like riding around in a limousine, like I just flew over and I
    2:01:50 hung around, you know, for like a week and watch people work. And it wasn’t any more or less burdensome
    2:01:56 than taking a vacation. But one thing I was more interested in doing as I got older, and we started
    2:02:01 with this in the beginning. It’s like, you said it. And I think we kind of went past it. But it’s
    2:02:06 so interesting to me. It was I just really wanted more discomfort in my life. It’s just very easy,
    2:02:10 the older you get to be like, you know, get in car, go to work, eat bag lunch, get in car, go to
    2:02:16 a gym, go home, eat food, watch TV, go to bed. And then you just think like, am I growing? It’s
    2:02:22 like any of this interesting? Am I going to be like, I have one life and I’m just spending it in
    2:02:28 this like torpor. And so for that, I was going to a place where I mean, I knew one guy at Petty
    2:02:31 Dreadful, but I didn’t know anybody at this other show. And I just kind of cold called them and said,
    2:02:38 can I come visit and they were super gracious. I’m so curious just to interrupt you yet again.
    2:02:43 What does that email say? It says hi. And again, I understand that maybe this is going to feel a
    2:02:48 little rarefied. Hi, I’m an American actress. I’ve worked on these shows. I’ve been shadowing
    2:02:52 to direct for a long time. I would be really grateful if I could come and visit your show
    2:02:58 for a few days and shadow. And I will be as unobtrusive and invisible as I possibly can.
    2:03:02 And I’ll be here these days. And I understand if you can’t accommodate me, but I would really
    2:03:08 be grateful. And I think it helped in my particular case because I had tweeted a lot about how much
    2:03:13 I loved Vikings. So they kind of knew that I was a big fan of the show. And I did some tweeting
    2:03:20 from set. I kind of paid my way in like flacking their show for them. But just to… I’m not over
    2:03:25 caffeinated, I swear to God. You’re making so many important points that I just want to pause
    2:03:32 and help. Well, as much for myself as anyone else, just people to reflect on. So what you did
    2:03:35 in terms of tweeting, people might say, well, I don’t have a verified account and nobody’s
    2:03:41 going to pay attention to one tweet in the Twitter feed of 10,000 if it’s a popular TV show.
    2:03:49 But I can tell you from personal experience that you could, for instance,
    2:03:56 write something for Medium or for film the blank outlet that has a high Google, in other words,
    2:04:03 PageRank. And that many of the producers, actors, and so on will have Google alerts or other alerts
    2:04:09 set that deliver to their inboxes relevant media that mentioned, say, the show or the actors.
    2:04:17 And you do not need to be a famous actress or an author or any of those things to do that.
    2:04:24 All you need to do is work at the highest possible caliber of quality that you can. I mean, I think
    2:04:27 you also touched on this about the idea that people are like more interested in being expeditious than
    2:04:33 they are in being good. I think that this holds very, very true for this business. A lot of people
    2:04:37 have made headway because they did something that nobody saw. But when people asked them what they
    2:04:41 did, the thing they were able to show was extraordinary. And I don’t mean like expensive
    2:04:45 extraordinary. I just mean unique and personal and crafted with care. And so if that’s something
    2:04:50 that you wrote or if it’s something that you made, if you made, you know, the number of,
    2:04:56 I mean, this is not the best example, but it’s a good one. Twenty years ago, there was this video
    2:05:02 tape going around Hollywood of these guys in an apartment. And it was VHS tape. That’s how
    2:05:05 long ago it was. And people were dubbing it and sending and giving to friends of these guys in
    2:05:09 an apartment. It’s these three black guys where the one guy goes up and it’s the little intercom,
    2:05:13 it goes, “Wzah.” And then the other guy goes, “Wzah.” And the third guy goes, “Wzah.” That was a
    2:05:18 short film that some guy made on like a digital camera. None of them were famous. They were just
    2:05:24 some guys in New York that ended up being that Budweiser campaign. That’s crazy. I had no idea.
    2:05:28 That was the origin. I mean, it was a short film. It was a two and a half minute short film
    2:05:32 that was just funny. We didn’t know these guys. No one knew who they were. And they didn’t have
    2:05:38 any connections. And I think it was just about doing something that felt original and personal.
    2:05:41 And again, it just comes back to like, don’t try to figure out what people want. Just do what’s
    2:05:45 interesting and important to you and then keep doing it until you come up with something extraordinary.
    2:05:49 And that will be your calling card. It may not happen as fast as you want or as aggressively as
    2:05:55 you want or as expansively as you want. But in the meantime, you’re doing cool shit, which should
    2:06:01 be your primary goal in any event. When I made Access, honestly, I just wanted to make a movie
    2:06:06 to show people I could make a movie. I wanted to make the best movie I could. And I was very
    2:06:10 rigorous in leveraging the resources that I had to the best of my ability. But I don’t know that
    2:06:15 I had a lot of expectation that a lot of people would see it. It’s just because I made the best
    2:06:20 movie I could that it got all of this attention. But I don’t think I was going in like, this is
    2:06:23 going to be a massive hit. I was like, I’m going to make this little movie. And then for the next
    2:06:26 one, when people say, well, what have you done? I could be like, look at this little thing I made.
    2:06:32 So I think you have to always be focused on the results, not the result, on the thing and not
    2:06:37 the result, because the result is directly tied to the quality of the thing. So it’s not about
    2:06:41 being for me. It’s about fame and fame is based on quality of your work. So just be doing excellent
    2:06:45 shit all the time. And eventually, one of those things will connect with other people.
    2:06:50 Yeah, not to sound like a fortune cookie on top of all of that, but like the only uncrowded market
    2:06:56 is great. There’s always a fucking market for great. There’s exactly be radically great. Like
    2:07:01 don’t be like, I saw 10 things like this, let me do the 11th thing. Be brave enough
    2:07:05 to court failure. That’s probably when you’re going to do something great.
    2:07:10 Absolutely. And if you are really in love with something, I’ll give two examples. If you’re
    2:07:16 really in love with, say, screenplays and film, or if you’re really in love and passionate about,
    2:07:21 maybe is a better word, possessed by technology investing, early stage technology investing,
    2:07:28 two phenomena, two companies at this point, certainly that are worth looking at and just
    2:07:34 investigating the stories of, demonstrate very clearly what you can do if you are just rejected
    2:07:39 by the establishment, or if you want to not operate within the existing power structure.
    2:07:44 So the two examples are the blacklist, look up Franklin Leonard and the blacklist.
    2:07:49 And then the second is, and we don’t have to get into both these right now, the second is,
    2:07:54 just by coincidence, also has the list at the end, but Angel List and Naval Ravikant,
    2:08:01 and people can look up, the Avenging Angel was the title of his interview in his alumni magazine
    2:08:06 at Dartmouth, in fact. But I get excited when I hear these types of stories, so they should check
    2:08:13 them out. Let’s come back to Axis. What is Axis? And did you have anybody try to talk you out of
    2:08:24 doing Axis? Well, so Axis is a thriller about an expatriate Irish actor who living in Los Angeles,
    2:08:31 who has had a lot of success, kind of explosive success in his youth, and has really just used
    2:08:36 all of his resources to just wreck his life. He’s a drunk, and he’s a drug addict, and he’s
    2:08:41 terrible at relationships, and he’s addicted to everybody. And when we meet him, he’s trying to
    2:08:46 turn his life around. And it’s really about a guy who’s not a bad person, but he’s done
    2:08:50 some bad stuff, which I think almost every human being can relate to. I mean, we all have a little
    2:08:54 bit of a demon inside of us, and I think this is just a guy who’s, he’s been frail in the past,
    2:08:59 but he’s really trying to be a better version of himself. But slowly over the course of an
    2:09:02 afternoon, and the movie takes place in real time as he’s driving through Los Angeles,
    2:09:06 his life starts to unravel. And it’s really about him trying to hold things together,
    2:09:09 trying to be a better person, trying to be a better person in his relationships with his family,
    2:09:14 with the people that he works with, just trying to be better. It’s really dark. It’s very funny.
    2:09:18 I happen to think, and I’m sure I’ll get some letters about this, but I happen to find that
    2:09:24 addicts are really entertaining people. And I don’t mean they’re funny, like laugh at them.
    2:09:29 I find that typically people who are, who’ve broken themselves down are just more honest
    2:09:34 than people who are trying to be perfect all the time. And so, you know, he’s just, he’s a guy
    2:09:39 who’s self-aware. He’s aware of the mistakes he’s made. So it’s a very darkly funny movie.
    2:09:44 And then it’s very twisty. It’s a thriller. So it’s got a lot of secrets. And the most unique
    2:09:48 aspect of the movie is that the whole thing takes place in real time inside a car as he’s driving
    2:09:52 through Los Angeles. So the lead actor is the only actor on screen. And all the other actors are,
    2:09:56 our voice actors on the phone with him. How would you describe your experience of being involved
    2:10:01 with this film? It was so wonderful. You asked if people tried to dissuade me from doing it. And
    2:10:06 the short answer is in Hollywood, the way that people dissuade you from doing stuff is just by
    2:10:13 not helping you. You don’t even get no, you just get like silence. But this happened very quickly.
    2:10:17 So I didn’t have a traditional kind of like discouraging period of frustration with trying
    2:10:24 to put this movie together because I read it in like August or September of 2015. And I was kind
    2:10:29 of at peak engagement at the time in terms of work. Like I was on four shows and I really only had a
    2:10:35 little bit of time off in 2016. And I realized if I didn’t make the movie in this one single week in
    2:10:41 May of 2016, that I wasn’t going to be able to make it at all in that year. And I have to push to
    2:10:46 the next year. And so then it just became about hitting that target. Like how can I hit this target?
    2:10:49 So I never even went like the traditional way of trying to find like people to finance the
    2:10:52 movie in a studio because they were going to say like, we don’t know who this actor is,
    2:10:56 like he’s unknown. Can we put somebody famous in this role? Can it be Ryan Gosling? And then
    2:11:00 can it not be with just him on camera? Can we have other actors in the movie? And then
    2:11:03 can we make it not in a car? Can we make it? I mean, like we’re just gonna, you know, the whole
    2:11:07 kind of concept of the film was going to unravel. You know, it’s very typical in Hollywood where
    2:11:10 people are so risk averse that they take all of the edge and singularity out of a project.
    2:11:15 So very quickly, I realized that I was going to have to probably crowdfund the movie if I wanted
    2:11:24 to do it my way and on my time, on my timeframe. So in March of 2016, I had my like first exploratory
    2:11:28 conversation with the people around me and with Kickstarter. They have people over there who are
    2:11:32 kind of like around to like help you kind of figure out how to put a project together.
    2:11:39 I built the campaign in three weeks. I launched it in April. And one of the rules about crowdfunding
    2:11:43 and Kickstarter specifically, it’s not a hard and fast rule. It’s not like in rules that they
    2:11:47 enforce, but it’s just like a rule of thumb that if you raise half of your money in the first week,
    2:11:51 you’ll probably fund fully. So we had raised half of our money in that first week. And then
    2:11:56 I started hiring people on the film. And we did raise a lot of money for a feature. It was about
    2:12:01 $200,000 that we raised. And so that was what we had to make the movie. So originally, it was,
    2:12:06 we were going to make it nine days, but I realized if I made it faster, I’d have more money available
    2:12:12 to me like daily. I have like my daily resource load would be higher. So we cut the schedule from
    2:12:17 nine days to seven days, which is incredibly aggressive for a feature. Whenever I tell people
    2:12:24 I made it in seven days, they ask, “Is it short?” So we had to be really aggressive. So we ended
    2:12:31 up doing it in this way that was so terrifying and so breakneck, but so exhilarating, which is that
    2:12:36 we shot the first 15 pages of the movie in the first day. And then we shot the next 65 pages of
    2:12:41 the movie. It was actually, you saw about 17 pages in the first day, about 67 pages on day two through
    2:12:46 seven. And that meant that the actor had to do 67 pages of dialogue a day. For people that don’t
    2:12:52 know, typically on a movie, you do like between three and six pages of dialogue a day. So he was
    2:12:56 essentially doing the entire movie all the way through every day, locked in a hot car with no
    2:13:02 air conditioning in May, beginning of June, essentially, in Los Angeles. And it was just
    2:13:08 so intense, but we shot three cameras. So by day three, we essentially had the entire movie in the
    2:13:12 cam because we were doing the whole thing all the way through from three angles. So by day two,
    2:13:17 we had six angles and we had the whole movie on wax on the digital version of wax. And so
    2:13:21 then the next four days were just about kind of creative play. And I think that what the result
    2:13:28 is is I made a movie in a week. It’s experimental. It’s unusual. It’s transporting and strange.
    2:13:33 And going in, I thought, I’ll never make a movie this way again. But now I would make a movie that
    2:13:40 way again, because I just didn’t have any time to be afraid or feel down. There was no time to be
    2:13:44 anxious. I just had to go. It was wonderful. It was just like one of the seminal experiences of my
    2:13:52 life. There’s definitely some magic in the ether when you have a hyper aggressive deadline. There’s
    2:13:59 just something that happens to the space time continuum and what you can achieve when everything
    2:14:06 gets compressed that intensely. Certain things just come to the surface. Certain things are
    2:14:10 thrown into relief. And it’s not like you can’t make mistakes. But I think you get a clarity
    2:14:16 sometimes because you can’t dither. There’s no time for paralysis by analysis. I am making this
    2:14:21 decision. I am making it definitively. It may be the wrong one, but I’m going to lean all the way
    2:14:26 into it and we’re going to see what happens. And also because we shot the whole movie all the way
    2:14:33 through, if there were errors, I had the next day to recalibrate in a way that you don’t get when
    2:14:37 you typically make a movie for people again who don’t know. I’m an actor as well. So when I’m on
    2:14:40 a TV show or I’m doing a movie or whatever, I’ll leave at the end of the day and go, “Oh,
    2:14:44 shit, man. I wish I’d done this with that scene. I wish I’d tried this.” But every day, the next
    2:14:48 day, we got to wake up and go, “You know what? We have a whole new bite at this apple. We’re going
    2:14:53 to do it a whole different way today.” And so at the end, I really felt like we really fully
    2:14:57 explored the material, which we wouldn’t have been able to do if we had been making a movie in seven
    2:15:03 days and not doing it with this kind of volume approach that we had. So I’m looking at text
    2:15:11 in a book that you contributed to. Happens to be this fantastic book. Oh, let me see. Here it is
    2:15:19 for those of you who get the “What about Bob?” reference. There’s this groundbreaking new book.
    2:15:22 Oh, yes, here it is. And there’s an entire shelf of the therapist’s own book.
    2:15:27 Richard Dreyfus, in any case, the question to what you would put on a gigantic billboard,
    2:15:32 metaphorically speaking, to get a message to millions or billions of people, in this case,
    2:15:37 what you selected was a Jack Canfield quote, “Everything you want is on the other side of
    2:15:43 fear.” And many of the stories that you’ve told so far illustrate that, certainly. What are you
    2:15:51 afraid of now or what fear are you hoping, say, in the next year to get on the other side of?
    2:15:55 Does anything come to mind? It’s interesting because I think the one that feels the most
    2:15:59 obvious is, I’m afraid I won’t get to make another film. But I’m not really legitimately
    2:16:02 afraid of that because I feel like I’m just going to put this next movie together and make it.
    2:16:07 I think now that I’ve done one, no help and no assistance from anybody, the next one’s going
    2:16:11 to be cake. I had help. I had my team, but I didn’t have the traditional Hollywood help
    2:16:15 where I had a team of agents making magic. It was really just a scrappy little group of
    2:16:19 filmmakers doing this film with me, the lead actor and screenwriter and my creative executives.
    2:16:25 It was a small group of people completely outside of the system. But it’s not that I’m
    2:16:31 fearless. It may just be that the things that are interesting to me now don’t engender fear the way
    2:16:38 that they used to. I can also tackle this from a different angle, which is, what is one of your
    2:16:43 greatest struggles right now? What do you struggle with, if anything? My main struggle is just always
    2:16:47 being as effective as I want to be. You know what I mean? I’m just super ambitious. I have
    2:16:52 highly developed. I don’t mean I’m good at it. I mean, it’s very far advanced
    2:16:59 workaholism. I have pathological workaholism. It’s a sickness. Whenever I say I’m workaholic,
    2:17:04 people always laugh. I go, “Look, it’s a problem. I don’t know how to rest. It’s not that I don’t
    2:17:12 like to play. I do like play. I don’t think I have any time to rest.” I worry that it could
    2:17:15 result in me not being an interesting artist because I think you need to play into daydream
    2:17:19 and to rest and to experience things, to be able to tell interesting stories. No one wants to hear
    2:17:23 about your daily trek from your home to your office. It’s just not compelling.
    2:17:28 Well, I remember, I think it was Amanda Palmer who said this. I apologize to whoever said it,
    2:17:34 if I’m misattributing, but the Amanda Palmer Creative Musician Extraordinaire. She said,
    2:17:39 “I think it was her who said in order to have…” Is she married to Neil Gaiman?
    2:17:40 She is. Yeah.
    2:17:41 Braised author of all time?
    2:17:42 Yeah, exactly.
    2:17:44 After you and after me. Thank you.
    2:17:51 Yeah. I will bow at the feet of Neil Gaiman as a writer. Everybody should listen to his audio
    2:17:56 book of the Graveyard book, narrated by him. He is also the most soothing voice imaginable,
    2:17:58 but I digress. What the fuck was I saying?
    2:18:01 So Amanda Palmer has a quote about…
    2:18:07 Yes, that if art imitates life, in order to create art, you have to have a life, right?
    2:18:08 Yeah, absolutely.
    2:18:12 And I’m paraphrasing it. It’s butchered, but it makes the point.
    2:18:15 But like a radical life. You can’t… I’m sure there are other theories. There’s a very famous
    2:18:20 French writer. It’s not south. It’s somebody anyway, about like have a bourgeois life and
    2:18:24 be radical in your work. But I actually don’t think… I actually think that you need to be
    2:18:30 fully engaged in your life in order to be an interesting artist, because you need to be alive
    2:18:33 to be able to speak about the human condition.
    2:18:42 So if you have advanced early onset workaholism, right? You’ve really turned this into a default
    2:18:51 mode. Are you doing anything and manage that or create more slack in the system for the day
    2:18:51 dreaming and so on?
    2:18:56 I mean, it’s like that’s my daily practice. That’s my like, that’s my one day at a time.
    2:19:03 It’s like just constantly trying to remind myself to rest. I engage socially a lot more
    2:19:04 than I used to.
    2:19:06 And by socially you mean out in the real world.
    2:19:11 Yeah, out in the real world. I go out and I try to not just be like… I just had a period
    2:19:14 of life where I was just like up, Jim, work, sleep. I just remember one day, I was like,
    2:19:19 “I’m going to die. I’m going to die of boredom. I bore myself.”
    2:19:27 And so, I think I try to court danger in a safe way. It’s not like I’m jumping out of play with
    2:19:32 no parachute or bullfighting or bare knuckle brawling in an alley filled with needles.
    2:19:37 But I am trying to just like be, not always have my head in my computer.
    2:19:40 But the reason that people are workaholics, well, there’s lots of reasons I’m sure social
    2:19:46 pressures. But for me, I just get this big serotonin release. Is it serotonin? What’s
    2:19:47 the brain? What’s the satisfaction drug?
    2:19:48 Dopamine, perhaps?
    2:19:52 Dopamine. That’s it. Dopamine. Serotonin is sleepy time. Yeah, dopamine.
    2:19:58 I get a dopamine release when I complete tasks. And I just, you know, I get higher and higher
    2:20:02 the more that I execute. I find executing in and of itself really enjoyable.
    2:20:06 So, I’m just trying to apply that aggression to leisure. Like, can I get the same satisfaction?
    2:20:12 If I make a to-do list and one of the things is have fun, well, I get the same dopamine release
    2:20:13 if I had a lot of fun.
    2:20:18 How can I turn fun into work most effectively?
    2:20:22 And then be like, “I don’t know about you guys, but I just fucking crushed my to-do list. What?”
    2:20:29 I realized, even though I can feel very harried, it’s interesting to me to be feeling like a part
    2:20:34 of being on this planet is like fully engaging and doing everything I can do and everything I’m
    2:20:38 interested in. Because I don’t want to look back and be like, “Man, I should have tried that. I’m
    2:20:42 happy to look back and say, “Man, I tried that and it went terribly for me.” That’s a perfectly
    2:20:45 comfortable space for me to be like, “Man, I tried that and I should completely shit the bed.”
    2:20:50 But what I find very uncomfortable is the idea that I always wanted to do something and I never
    2:20:57 did it. And so that’s what I fear. What I fear is not trying, not experiencing all the things that
    2:21:06 I want to experience. How do you think your life, because you live so aggressively, you milk the
    2:21:12 most out of the hours that you have, how would you or your life be different if you didn’t have
    2:21:19 exercise as an element? Do you think? Well, it’s interesting because I really love
    2:21:27 working out. But there’s a constant battle for me between being effective with work and I’m the
    2:21:31 queen of getting up at 5 a.m. to work out, putting on my workout clothes, and then being in front of
    2:21:37 my computer at 4 o’clock in the afternoon and I haven’t moved. That’s just a normal day. I didn’t
    2:21:41 move, didn’t eat, didn’t do anything, just been in front of the computer for 11 hours.
    2:21:46 But it’s just such a great stress manager. And I also think that there’s another thing there,
    2:21:53 which is it just, again, puts you back in your body, this thing that’s carrying your brain around
    2:22:00 and making you effective. And I think that with everything, all of the stimuli that we
    2:22:04 experience nowadays, all the pictures and the images of perfection that are coming in at a
    2:22:09 much faster and more voluminous pace, it’s really easy to fall into an abusive relationship with
    2:22:15 exercise, either doing it so much that you’re hurting yourself or not doing it and then engaging
    2:22:18 in that inner monologue about how you’re worthless and you can’t get your shit together. And I don’t
    2:22:22 have either of those things. I just know I’m happier and better when I work out. I’ve finally
    2:22:28 dropped the monologue about I’m not a good person if I don’t crush a workout. I just try to do it
    2:22:33 every day because I know I’m better mentally. And I also cheat completely. I took a hike today.
    2:22:37 I had my phone with me and I stopped every 10 minutes to write something down.
    2:22:42 So I’m not really fully, and I’m not being in the moment when I’m working out. A lot of times,
    2:22:46 I’m stopping like hundreds of times to make notes and remind myself of stuff I have to do
    2:22:51 or put stuff on my calendar. Do you still use Concept 2 or a rowing machine? I still use my
    2:22:56 ergometer, my Concept 2 ergometer. I have had it since 2000. It is 18 years old. I’ve never had to
    2:23:01 repair it or replace any parts. It’s the best. It’s the single best piece of equipment that I have.
    2:23:07 My whole gym now, I have my whole gym in my place. I have a TRX body weight system. I have two kettle
    2:23:12 bells, a 25 and a 35. I have my ergometer. I have battle ropes that are attached to my dining
    2:23:17 room table. And I have one big power step that I just use to do like pistols and stuff like that.
    2:23:22 And I get everything done with those five things. That is fantastic. So pistols,
    2:23:28 for people who don’t know, those are one-legged squats. And they can be very, very difficult,
    2:23:32 depending on how you go about it. Adventure a step can help you because it can just kind of do like
    2:23:36 single leg step downs until you build up your quad and your glute strength to do pistols.
    2:23:42 Could you describe for us a recent workout or what a prototypical workout of yours might look like?
    2:23:46 I hiked today. That was just like a 90-minute hike, which was just more about like feeling groovy.
    2:23:50 But right now I’m obsessed with my ergometer. I kind of go through periods of like not rowing
    2:23:54 and then periods of rowing really aggressively. And this is going to be right up your alley, Tim.
    2:23:59 I’m ready. This is like bullseye for you and your audience. I started going to a natural path,
    2:24:05 so I’d be like supplementing differently. And I started taking glutathione. And I’m rowing like
    2:24:10 faster now than I did in my 20s. Like I just keep getting personal bests on my row. It’s
    2:24:16 confusing. I’m a lot older than I was when I was rowing competitively. And I just keep like
    2:24:20 knocking like 30 seconds and then 45 seconds and then a minute and 10 seconds off my rowing time.
    2:24:23 So now I’m just obsessed with like hitting personal bests every time I row.
    2:24:29 Okay, let’s dig into this. So the glutathione, how is it for those who aren’t familiar,
    2:24:35 glutathione is thought of a simple way to think of it or the way it’s often described as a
    2:24:40 master antioxidant of sorts. How are you having it administered? Is it being…
    2:24:45 Sometimes I get, oh, this is so insight baseball. Sometimes I get IVs. I get IVs if I really like,
    2:24:49 if I’m wrecked, like if I travel a lot or if I went to Coachella.
    2:24:54 And is that, is that pure, is that, is that just glutathione or are you doing that at the…
    2:24:58 B vitamins. I can do it at the end of my IV. I’ll get like B vitamins and like, you know, just…
    2:25:00 And a glutathione push at the end or something like that.
    2:25:04 Yeah, exactly. You can get like fat soluble. You can get this like fat soluble glutathione
    2:25:09 that you just take, you just like gulp down. It tastes like axle grease.
    2:25:16 Is this… What is this company? Lipo… It’s lipospheric. That’s the name. Lipospheric
    2:25:21 glutathione. Lipospheric glutathione, yeah. I’m just fitting it to the glutathione because before
    2:25:26 the glutathione, I was rowing slow and now I’m just like a jackrabbit. So it could be something
    2:25:30 else, but I’m gonna say it’s the glutathione. I will warn people in advance. I had some of
    2:25:34 this lipospheric glutathione at one point and I gave it to a friend of mine and I think it might
    2:25:40 have been for those who know my buddy Kevin Rose since I like to mention him, even mis-tribute
    2:25:44 things to him just for fun. I think I gave him one and he said something like, “What is this horse
    2:25:52 semen? It does have a weird, has a very weird consistency.” It’s tarot. No, my father calls
    2:25:57 it axle grease. That’s what he’s like, “Give me this axle grease.” Because I gave it to my dad,
    2:26:01 I was like, “I think this would really help you and you’re supposed to take it in liquid,
    2:26:05 but he’s just been eating it on a spoon. He’s a better man than I.” Oh, I just like squeegee it
    2:26:10 out of the little packet. Do you have a mouth? Yeah, to my mouth. I take it with like about
    2:26:16 two ounces of kombucha in the morning so I don’t have to think about it. I mean, I’m sure you’re
    2:26:20 like this or maybe after all of that experimentation on yourself, you just get up and have a bowl of
    2:26:24 frost of flakes in the morning, Tim, but you know, it’s like I do that and I have my bowl of
    2:26:30 supplements that I have my fish oil and I have my curcumin and then I have my turmeric. By the
    2:26:35 end of the morning, I’ve supplemented that it’s like a banquet. I don’t even need to eat. I’ve
    2:26:41 taken so many crappy tablets. All right, just to hit pause again. So is the exercise before
    2:26:46 breakfast? Is it the first thing you do? What is your first ideal morning? What’s the first 90
    2:26:52 minutes, 60 to 90 minutes look like? A special shot, glutathione workout. What time do you wake up?
    2:26:57 It depends on the day. Like, you know, between like six and seven. I used to pick up a lot
    2:27:01 earlier, but I let one of my shows go so I don’t have to wake up at the crack of dawn every day
    2:27:05 anymore. So like between like, you know, like six and seven o’clock and then I have to work out in
    2:27:08 the morning or I won’t get, I won’t work out at all. So you wake up, you have espresso shot,
    2:27:14 glutathione with… I always have coffee before I work out like without fail. And then the glutathione
    2:27:20 with the kombucha, any particular type of kombucha that’s your preferred axle grease mixer?
    2:27:27 I like better butch. And I like, was it life aid? I think is one of the other. I love kombucha. I’m
    2:27:32 very slutty when it comes to kombucha. I’ll drink any kombucha. I’m a big kombucha fan.
    2:27:37 All right. So then you buckle down to workout. And this is going to sound like I’m just looking
    2:27:42 for opportunities to plug, which maybe I am, but the, you described your, your work, the, one of
    2:27:49 your workouts, the concept to like mid-distance 5k rows punctuated by short distance 2k hit sprints,
    2:27:53 high intensity interval training, high intensity interval training with, with a 10k long distance
    2:27:59 row once or twice a week. Would that be a current workout? Yeah. That’s typically my workouts. And
    2:28:04 then I’ll do like a set of 5, 5 by 25 kettlebell sets. Like, you know, like I’ll get up in morning
    2:28:10 and just do 125 kettlebell swings in front of the television. And then sometimes I’ll do a TRX workout
    2:28:13 because I didn’t have really a way to simulate pull ups. So that was like, that was why I got the
    2:28:17 TRX. So I could do, that was like the one thing I didn’t have in here was a pull up bar. Is the
    2:28:22 TRX attached to a door? Is it? Yeah, it’s such like a railing, like an upstairs railing, and it
    2:28:26 just hangs off of the railing. And that’s it. I mean, I tried, I tried to keep it like relatively
    2:28:30 simple so that I’ll do it. I don’t really train with anybody because I just can’t, I can manage
    2:28:35 the hour workout, but I can’t manage the transit between a nice home and a flat. I don’t have
    2:28:39 enough time to do that too. You know what I mean? Like I’ve got the hour. I don’t have two hours.
    2:28:44 So I don’t go to a gym anymore because I just, I just would be, I wouldn’t have the time for it.
    2:28:47 Yeah, the transit time that. Yeah, transit time was what killed me. And I was like,
    2:28:51 I have an hour to work out, but I don’t have an half hour on either side of that to go to the gym.
    2:28:55 Do you still watch shows when you row? Totally. Any recent favorites? Or what are you watching
    2:29:00 currently? Like fantastic junk. I mean, some good stuff. Like I love, I watched The Walking Dead
    2:29:03 Fear, The Walking Dead. That’s always really good workout shows. Right now I’m watching The Magicians
    2:29:08 during my workouts. And then when I finish that, what will I watch after that? Sometimes I watch
    2:29:11 stuff that’s on streaming services because I hate to have to, when I’m rowing, I don’t want to have
    2:29:16 to watch commercials. And I can’t stop to fast forward because I’m trying to beat my previous
    2:29:24 row time. So like I’ll stream extreme stuff on Hulu, like X-Files or Handmaid’s Tale, or I just watched
    2:29:29 a show called Deutschland 83. That was pretty great. It has to be something that I can kind of
    2:29:34 watch, which is why I’ll typically watch something that’s like not too mentally demanding. I can’t
    2:29:42 pay attention too closely to plot points. Do you make New Year’s resolutions? Do you have any
    2:29:46 routines or rituals around New Year’s? We’re talking just for people who may be listening to
    2:29:53 this at another time. We’re chatting at the end of March. Like to take any this year? Right.
    2:29:59 I make the same one every year, which is to arrest more. I mean, it’s the same resolution
    2:30:03 every year, arrest. So how are you going to do that this time? I don’t know. I should just give
    2:30:07 up. I should stop making resolutions, and then I won’t have to have not accomplished that.
    2:30:13 I mean, look, maybe a part of success or like success at being you, like figuring out being you,
    2:30:17 is like understanding what your strengths and your weaknesses are. You know, like my strength is my
    2:30:21 aggressive work ethic. It was when I was a young comic, I would be like, “Oh, I should be writing
    2:30:26 every day. I should write. I should be like this guy.” Well, like that’s just not how I operate.
    2:30:32 So I think once you accept like what your own methodology. This is why you watch The Terminator
    2:30:38 30 times. Like this is my people, right? I mean, I definitely have a CD. I’m definitely
    2:30:42 obsessive of personality. But like once you accept like these are my strengths, this is where I
    2:30:47 excel. This is how I excel. Rather than trying to force yourself into someone else’s like workflow,
    2:30:51 like figure out what yours is as a writer. And you’re written lots of books. I’ve only written
    2:30:57 two. But with both books, I had this huge lead time. And it wasn’t that I was lazy or procrastinating.
    2:31:00 Like the book wasn’t there yet. And then just one day, the book was there. And then I sat down
    2:31:06 and I wrote the entire book in a few weeks. But it just needed to gel. It needed to synthesize.
    2:31:09 And if I had been trying to sit down and kind of write a little bit every day, it would have just
    2:31:13 been like this like big agglomeration of glop. But just one day, I was like, “Oh, the book is in me.
    2:31:15 The book is in me now. The book is in me.” And then I got it out, you know?
    2:31:18 God, I wish I had that experience, man. I’m so jelly.
    2:31:23 Everybody’s different. You know what I mean? Like a long time, I would have wanted to be more
    2:31:27 like you like disciplined and sitting down. And because, you know, there’s a panic that ensues when
    2:31:33 you are seven weeks from your deadline and you had nine months to write a book. But it’s just like
    2:31:40 that. For me, certain threads have to connect and that requires rumination and time. And I can’t
    2:31:45 just can’t do it any other way. So I don’t. I think my strength is every day trying to eat a wheel
    2:31:52 barrel full of glass and shit out diamonds or something like that. That should be a tattoo.
    2:31:59 Well, speaking of eating glass, this might be predictable, but I’m okay with predictable.
    2:32:05 I would like to start to wrap up with a handful of questions. And the first one I’m going to ask is,
    2:32:10 and you actually give people a heads up on this with the self-inflicted wounds.
    2:32:16 So you usually say, at some point, I’m going to ask you about X, but I’m sure you’ve had time
    2:32:24 to think about this. So do you have any favorite stories of self-inflicted wounds of your own?
    2:32:29 I mean, obviously, the book is just a collection, not even a comprehensive one, but quite detailed
    2:32:33 of many, many mistakes that I’ve made. I’m trying to think of something that’s happened recently.
    2:32:37 It’s interesting. I see my mistakes differently now than I did when I was younger. They just
    2:32:45 feel like an aspect of being human versus like some kind of tragic flaw. Exactly. They just seem
    2:32:49 like an unavoidable aspect of being alive. And then I’m thinking once recently that don’t feel
    2:32:55 like that cataclysmic. So they’re like lame stories. Oh, you could pick a classic also,
    2:33:00 like the greatest hits. Like if you’re watching TV 15 years ago and it’s like hits from the 80s.
    2:33:05 We could take one of those as well. It’s interesting. Like I was talking about that
    2:33:09 short film that I made that was like the one that will never be seen by any human being.
    2:33:13 Actually, I think it’s been destroyed where it was just like, I just thought that I could just
    2:33:18 charm my way through this short and I had a bunch of friends kind of show up and it was such an odd
    2:33:24 idea. It didn’t make any sense. It was about a guy who flashed women and he flashed women and I
    2:33:31 can’t remember why he flashed women, but it was something to do with like bravery. It was like
    2:33:37 a metaphor for bravery that this guy would like flash women and also maybe like hubris like the
    2:33:40 idea that like we’re going to be super excited to see this guy’s penis and he would kind of like
    2:33:45 try to use it as currency and whatever kind of goes away. But it just made no sense. It just
    2:33:50 ended up being like a series of vignettes about a guy like revealing his penis to strangers.
    2:33:54 I just remember at the end like literally thinking, it’s one thing to think like people don’t get me.
    2:34:03 I was like, I don’t get myself. It just never, ever coalesced. But it was fine because it was like,
    2:34:06 I remember kind of enjoying the process of making it and then being really kind of surprised and
    2:34:10 delighted by what a piece of shit it was. Much like that set where nobody laughed. I thought,
    2:34:16 well, man, that didn’t work at all. Okay, I need to go back and figure out what to do next.
    2:34:20 Like I think every artist, I think Quentin Tarantino has a famous story about his first
    2:34:25 film being unwatchable. I just think sometimes if your personality is to be really aggressive and
    2:34:31 kind of dive in, you’re bound to make some spectacular failures and you just have to
    2:34:35 have a high tolerance for that and not take it personally and keep moving forward.
    2:34:39 But yeah, I literally was like, I know you guys don’t get it. I don’t get it. I don’t know what
    2:34:44 I can’t explain it to you. I have no idea what I was thinking. Thank you for putting
    2:34:48 yourselves in my hands. It was a terrible mistake on your part, but you’re very gracious to have
    2:34:51 trusted me with your lives. What’s the name of the shirt? It was called The Whipper.
    2:34:59 Conjures all sorts of images. It makes no sense whatsoever. When have you been
    2:35:06 extremely proud of yourself? Could be any point in your life. Can you think of a standout point
    2:35:12 where you’re like, God damn, good for me, fucking A? I hate to have it be about this because it
    2:35:17 sounds like it’s super self-promotional, but I really am proud of this film and I, for a variety
    2:35:22 of reasons, it was, yeah, access because it was such a, I mean, I was lucky that I was brought
    2:35:28 a great script and I had a really talented actor, but we put this movie together so quickly.
    2:35:33 And I had a vision for it, but I also was, because we were moving so fast, feeling my way
    2:35:38 through the dark in some aspect. And I think one of the reasons why it came together the way that
    2:35:43 it did was because I was both, I both had a vision for the film, but I was open to modulating. And I
    2:35:46 think that’s really important in anything that you’re doing, no matter what field you’re in,
    2:35:50 is that you have to both reprise vision and kind of rigidity in this culture. But I think that
    2:35:56 being able to pivot and be nimble is way more important than being kind of a rigid visionary.
    2:36:01 You have to be able to look at data and interpret it and then apply it to your situation or you just,
    2:36:05 you’re just going to keep banging your head against the wall. So we made this movie.
    2:36:11 We got into the very first second day of filming. We started really late. We lost our light.
    2:36:14 We had to kind of pivot that day. I ended up having to throw all that footage away.
    2:36:18 Another day, we lost light and had to get back up at five in the morning and kind of shoot down
    2:36:22 for dust, but we just kept pivoting. We just kept, nothing was catastrophic. Okay. And I think that’s
    2:36:24 something I got from my father. It’s like, okay, this isn’t working. Okay, so we’re going to do
    2:36:27 this. Okay, that’s not working. We’re going to do this rather than, oh my God, this is the end
    2:36:32 of the world. What are we going to do? And then in post, I had very little money for post and very
    2:36:36 little time to cut the movie together. And about four weeks in the editor that I had cutting the
    2:36:40 movie, who was a great guy, really talented, just wasn’t connecting with the material, wasn’t able
    2:36:45 to assemble the movie. It was an unusual movie. It’s one guy in a car. And I had to let him go.
    2:36:49 And then I had to learn Avid, the Avid system and start cutting the movie myself. But again,
    2:36:51 I wasn’t like, what am I going to do? I don’t have an editor. I’m going to die. I just thought,
    2:36:55 okay, well, like the, the answer here is that I’m going to learn this skill set and I’m going to
    2:37:00 keep moving forward. And then, you know, I made this little film that was, you know, strange and
    2:37:04 atmospheric and dreamlike and, you know, it didn’t get into Sundance and everybody always wants to
    2:37:08 get into Sundance. But then it got into eight other festivals and won two awards and got picked
    2:37:12 up for distribution. And the result has been much better than I ever could have anticipated.
    2:37:19 And I’m really proud of it because I mean, I made it for what is typically the catering budget
    2:37:27 on a regular Hollywood movie. You know what I mean? We made it for just no money and in no time.
    2:37:31 And, and I think it also says something. I think what I’m also proud of is that the movie actually
    2:37:37 does have a strong point of view and a strong visual personality and a strong style that is my own.
    2:37:41 When I look at it, I don’t think I’m trying to emulate anybody. I feel like this is something
    2:37:46 that I made. It’s my little lumpy ashtray from shop class and I really love it.
    2:37:52 Good for you. I think it’s easy to, I’m not saying you, but for humans to look at
    2:37:59 the people who are showcased on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of popular websites
    2:38:08 and think, wow, they figured out all the secret sauce or they have the keys to the kingdom and
    2:38:15 they’re able to show up and just hit homeruns every time they step to the plate. And when you
    2:38:23 look at the origin stories of some of these incredible creations that people are familiar
    2:38:29 with, whether it’s Jaws or the company Alibaba is one example. Jack Ma, the founder, I think he’s
    2:38:34 the richest man in China or certainly one of the top few at this point. And he said, I’m paraphrasing,
    2:38:40 but we had a huge advantage in the beginning and that was we had no experience, no money and no plan.
    2:38:50 And it forces you to really think outside of the box. And even if that project doesn’t succeed by
    2:38:58 outside measures, the confidence that you develop in exploring areas outside of the box can then
    2:39:03 transfer to future projects. I remember there’s this fantastic documentary, I’m going to butcher
    2:39:08 his name. Well, it’s fantastic mostly for the message, not for all of the content, which I hope
    2:39:14 makes sense, but it’s called Yoda Warski’s Dune. And it’s the story of this attempt to make a movie
    2:39:21 about Dune. And the thing is a complete unmitigated disaster, like complete unmitigated disaster.
    2:39:28 But the talent that was assembled went on to just do incredible things. And if that disaster
    2:39:35 hadn’t happened, one could argue that if you’d stepped on that butterfly, these other careers
    2:39:40 wouldn’t have blossomed in the way that they did. And you wouldn’t have the Geiger design of the alien
    2:39:47 that people now know as the alien of aliens and so on. So it’s I just love that no one ever learns
    2:39:52 from success, you can kind of do a post mortem and say, Oh, this stuff worked. But failure is where
    2:39:57 you have explosive growth, where you really have to reconsider all of your assumptions. And it’s
    2:40:03 so much more powerful than success is at making you eventually successful. Yeah, aggressive. Yeah,
    2:40:12 be aggressive. Be aggressive. A G G R S S I V E. Totally. Yes, I that’s that’s that’s my life
    2:40:19 philosophy. Be aggressive. Be aggressive. And we want you around for a long time. So take your
    2:40:28 catnaps at the very least. That’s my goal. And do you have anything you would like to say or ask
    2:40:32 of the audience suggestions you’d like to make anything at all that you’d like to
    2:40:39 to say before we wrap up? Other than watch my movie. Other than watch your movie. Exactly. I
    2:40:44 mean, I guess like I like when I when I did my podcast, you know, like thematically, the stuff
    2:40:46 that we’ve talked about was always stuff that I talked about, which is like, it doesn’t matter
    2:40:52 what you’re what you want to do. It sounds very greeting card, but like, the barriers are they’re
    2:40:55 imagined. You know what I mean? And maybe you’re gonna have to start small and maybe you’re gonna
    2:41:01 have to start close to home. But like, the greater regret will always be not having started. And
    2:41:06 I’m always trying to find a way to be more bold in my life. And hopefully share the things that
    2:41:11 have helped me do that with other people. So it is exciting to be having the conversation with you,
    2:41:15 because I think that’s a lot of what you’ve done is you’ve kind of lived these experiences so that
    2:41:20 the things that you learn could be shared with other people. Just go out and do awesome shit.
    2:41:28 Get your hands dirty. It’s not the the rough drafts are not a clean business.
    2:41:36 Absolutely not. Well, Asia, thank you so much for taking the time.
    2:41:41 It was a pleasure. So much fun. I know. Super fun. And now that I know where you are,
    2:41:47 I will track you down the next time I’m in your neck of the woods. Yeah, barbecue, music, whatever
    2:41:54 it might be, and Austin Tejas come visit. And people can visit you is the best best site.
    2:41:59 ishtyler.com. Yeah, ishtyler.com. But you know, who spends time on a website anymore? Just follow
    2:42:03 me on that. Follow me on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, all that stuff is just ishtyler one
    2:42:11 word. A-I-S-H-A-T-Y-L-E-R. Absolutely. Absolutely. I don’t know if this is going to post, but I post
    2:42:15 stuff about all the stuff I’m doing, the movies out on the 10th of April on video, Neiman itunes,
    2:42:20 all that stuff. And then Archer starts, I think on the 24th of April and all the others, I don’t
    2:42:24 know, TV, whatever, you can find me online. I don’t know when you’re going to listen to this,
    2:42:29 but you know, just come say hi to me on socials. For days and weeks and months and
    2:42:33 years and millennia to come, hopefully. We’ll see. Cockroaches will be listening to this on
    2:42:39 the tiny cockroaches computers when the rest of us are dead. That’s exactly right. Cockroaches,
    2:42:44 remember us fondly. And for you non-cockroaches, actually, if cockroaches listening, you’re welcome
    2:42:49 also to check out the show notes where I will provide links to everything that we’ve talked about,
    2:42:56 including access. And you can find all of those at tim.blog/podcast along with the show notes for
    2:43:04 every other episode. And Archer, thank you so much one more time for being so goddamn entertaining
    2:43:09 and inspiring at the same time. It’s a rare combo. Thank you. So I really appreciate it. It’s great
    2:43:16 to talk with you. Thanks, Jim. Of course. And to everybody out there on the interwebs, be safe,
    2:43:22 maybe more important, be aggressive, get out there. If you’re dreaming of doing something,
    2:43:28 creating something someday, just get out a shitty first draft. Because guess what? All the first
    2:43:34 drafts are really fucking awful. It’s very rare that someone just as I was alluding to shits out
    2:43:41 diamonds on a daily basis, it starts with putting something out there into the world. And hopefully,
    2:43:48 at least it makes a market of one happy and that is you. So I will close there and thanks to everybody
    2:43:55 for listening. Hey, guys, this is Tim again, just one more thing before you take off and that is
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    2:44:17 It is basically a half page that I send out every Friday to share the coolest things I’ve found or
    2:44:21 discovered or have started exploring over that week. It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    2:44:27 It often includes articles I’m reading, books I’m reading, albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos,
    2:44:33 all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me by my friends, including a lot of podcast
    2:44:40 guests and these strange esoteric things end up in my field. And then I test them and then I share
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    2:44:50 you head off for the weekend, something to think about. If you’d like to try it out, just go to
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    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited. The episode features segments from episode #474 “Matthew McConaughey — The Power of ‘No, Thank You,’ Key Life Lessons, 30+ Years of Diary Notes, and The Art of Catching Greenlights” and #327 “Aisha Tyler — How to Use Pain, Comedy, and Practice for Creativity.”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [04:58] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [05:51] Enter Matthew McConaughey.

    [06:19] The words forbidden in Matthew’s house growing up.

    [08:58] The book that changed the course of Matthew’s life.

    [17:27] Matthew’s 10 goals in life (circa 1992).

    [22:20] Why take more risks?

    [26:04] The evolving purpose of keeping a diary.

    [29:48] The art of running downhill.

    [33:56] Learning to say “No” to rom-com typecasting.

    [47:50] Enter Aisha Tyler.

    [48:19] Aisha’s role in The Tim Ferriss Show’s existence.

    [49:43] Aisha’s trademark podcast question.

    [51:06] Aisha’s unorthodox childhood and family relationships.

    [52:06] How did Aisha answer the questions “Whose day is it?” and “What are you going to do?” every morning?

    [55:34] From where does Aisha get her general sense of optimism?

    [57:25] Following father’s advice and views on regret.

    [59:22] Free-range parenting vs. modern overprotection.

    [1:03:33] Having a bad day? You’re not special!

    [1:05:27] Young Aisha’s career aspirations.

    [1:06:52] Why was Aisha miserable at what she thought was her dream job?

    [1:08:51] Why did Aisha pick standup comedy to break into show business?

    [1:10:08] What it was like to keep a day job and do standup comedy as a hobby.

    [1:11:50] Commuting for comedy in San Francisco.

    [1:14:03] What made the comedy club bubble of the ’80s burst?

    [1:18:11] How did Aisha practice to get better at standup?

    [1:19:01] A memorable set Aisha bombed and the gift it gave her.

    [1:22:22] Dealing with hecklers Bill Burr and Kenny Moore style.

    [1:28:20] Aisha shares some of her own heckler stories.

    [1:32:31] Aisha’s academic approach to the math of comedy.

    [1:34:43] What’s the Rule of Threes?

    [1:35:36] Gauging comic evolution.

    [1:36:46] Comedians compared to other artists.

    [1:38:04] Changing success metrics and creative traps.

    [1:40:41] How fear-based people-pleasing affects creativity.

    [1:43:52] If one likes big butts, one cannot lie — even if it might tick someone off.

    [1:46:03] Sometimes constructive feedback does make me change my mind.

    [1:46:33] Pursuing authentic, meaningful work.

    [1:48:32] Comedy’s core beyond humor.

    [1:49:04] Expecting failures in creative beginnings.

    [1:49:52] Why it doesn’t pay to emulate a master of a craft in their own field.

    [1:51:51] Aisha’s transition to filmmaking.

    [1:54:47] Aisha believes in personal aggression.

    [1:55:28] How Aisha piggybacked resources for her first music video.

    [1:56:30] Learning filmmaking through short projects.

    [1:58:03] What lessons did Aisha learn from these projects?

    [1:59:06] How visiting the sets of Penny Dreadful and Vikings in Ireland led to making AXIS.

    [2:00:52] Financing the Ireland trip.

    [2:02:35] The email Aisha sent to visit the set of Vikings.

    [2:03:18] The impact of fan appreciation.

    [2:04:50] Budweiser’s “Whassup” campaign origin.

    [2:05:38] Why Aisha made AXIS.

    [2:07:06] Resources for aspiring screenwriters and tech investors.

    [2:08:06] What is AXIS, and did anyone try to talk Aisha out of making it?

    [2:09:53] AXIS production experience and methods.

    [2:12:00] The magic, intensity, and clarity of operating on an aggressive deadline.

    [2:15:00] Aisha’s current fears and goals.

    [2:16:33] One of Aisha’s current struggles.

    [2:17:24] “If art imitates life, in order to create art, you have to have a life.”

    [2:18:33] As a workaholic, how does Aisha manage to live a life that influences her art?

    [2:20:58] How would Aisha’s life be different if she didn’t have exercise as an element?

    [2:22:47] What equipment does Aisha use to work out?

    [2:23:36] What does a prototypical workout look like for Aisha?

    [2:23:53] How does Aisha take her glutathione, and what does it help with?

    [2:26:40] Morning routine and exercise timing.

    [2:27:40] Aisha works out at home to save transit time. What does she watch when she rows?

    [2:29:39] Does Aisha make New Year’s resolutions?

    [2:32:17] Aisha likens her first (unwatchable and destroyed) short film to the standup set she bombed.

    [2:34:58] When has Aisha been extremely proud of herself?

    [2:37:46] How confidence transfers across projects.

    [2:39:46] To grow from failure, you have to be aggressive.

    [2:40:24] Parting thoughts.

    *

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  • #756: Anne Lamott and Josh Waitzkin

    AI transcript
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    0:04:36 Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. This is Tim Ferriss. Welcome to another episode of
    0:04:41 The Tim Ferriss Show where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers from every field
    0:04:46 imaginable to tease out the habits, routines, favorite books, and so on that you can apply
    0:04:52 and test in your own lives. This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast
    0:04:58 recently hit its 10th year anniversary, which is insane to think about, and past 1 billion downloads.
    0:05:03 To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best, some of my favorites
    0:05:09 from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited to give you these
    0:05:14 super combo episodes, and internally we’ve been calling these the super combo episodes,
    0:05:19 because my goal is to encourage you to, yes, enjoy the household names, the super famous folks,
    0:05:25 but to also introduce you to lesser-known people I consider stars. These are people who have
    0:05:30 transformed my life, and I feel like they can do the same for many of you. Perhaps
    0:05:35 they got lost in a busy news cycle, perhaps you missed an episode. Just trust me on this one,
    0:05:41 we went to great pains to put these pairings together. And for the bios of all guests,
    0:05:49 you can find that and more at tim.blog/combo. And now, without further ado, please enjoy,
    0:05:56 and thank you for listening. First up, Anne Lamotte, New York Times best-selling author
    0:06:03 of 20 books, including Operating Instructions, An Account of Her Son’s First Year, Bird by Bird,
    0:06:11 Her Classic Book on Writing, Help, Thanks, Wow, A Celebration of Prayer, and Her Latest,
    0:06:18 Somehow, An Exploration of the Transformative Power of Love. You can find Anne on Twitter,
    0:06:25 @annlamotte. I’ll tell you a funny story. When Sam’s little boy, who’s 12 now, was 5,
    0:06:30 I was teaching his kindergarten class a writing workshop. And instead of saying shitty first
    0:06:35 drafts, I said really poopy first drafts. But after, and the kids loved me, and after I was done,
    0:06:41 my little grandchild came up to me and he leaned in and he sounded like Tony Soprano. He said,
    0:06:47 “Oh, Nana, that was terrible.” And I said, “What?” And he said, “You told people you would teach him
    0:06:53 how to write a book, but you only taught us how to write one page.” And that’s really what I can
    0:06:58 help you do is one chapter is on shitty first drafts. I don’t try to teach kids or grown-ups
    0:07:03 how to write really, really well. I just teach them to stop not writing. I teach them to keep their
    0:07:09 butt in the chair and to write badly. And that all first drafts of any book you’ve ever read by the
    0:07:15 authors you esteem most began as unreadable first drafts. And I teach people to take it
    0:07:21 really small, you know, bird by bird. Is it okay if I tell the story? Oh, please, please. I would
    0:07:26 love for you to tell the story just so people know the genesis. Well, my older brother, I was like a
    0:07:31 superstar achiever in school. My older brother hated school and he was kind of a rebel. And in
    0:07:37 California in the 50s and early 60s, in fourth grade, you wrote two term papers. One was the
    0:07:42 Sacramento paper. That’s our state capital. And the other was on birds. And you had to write it
    0:07:48 all year, all semester of paper on birds. And my brother hadn’t started. It was due on a Monday
    0:07:53 and on a Saturday. He admitted to my dad that he hadn’t started. My brother was a tough guy.
    0:07:58 And he was in tears. And my dad sat down with him and put his arm around him. And he said,
    0:08:04 just take it bird by bird, buddy. You know, first you read about chickadees. And then you write a
    0:08:09 paragraph in your own words about chickadees. And then you draw a picture. And then you take
    0:08:15 pelicans and you study up on pelicans. And then you write a paragraph or a passage on pelicans.
    0:08:22 I never, ever forgot that. And then years later, probably 20 years ago, so in my 40s, I heard EL
    0:08:27 doctor say that writing was like driving at night with the headlights on. You could only
    0:08:33 see a little ways in front of you. But you could make the whole journey that way. And I think that
    0:08:40 is the most profound advice I can offer anyone on any topic, that you can only see a little ways
    0:08:46 in front of you. And you can make the whole journey that way. And another thing that I think helped
    0:08:53 people when they read bird by bird was the chapter on perfectionism and how perfectionism is the voice
    0:08:58 of the oppressor. It’s the voice of the enemy. And if you listen to it, keeps you crazy for your
    0:09:03 entire life because we all fall short. You know, you’ve written books and you think you’re creating
    0:09:09 this golden and crystal palace that people can walk inside of and see all of truth and beauty
    0:09:16 and reality. And you kind of end up, your books and my books, all of them, are kind of shanty towns,
    0:09:22 you know, in life in peace during the peace marches where people set up tents and thought it made
    0:09:28 sense to bring their dogs, you know, during the rainstorm. And that’s a miracle to have written
    0:09:34 a shanty town. And so I think these ideas of not knowing what you’re doing and of letting yourself
    0:09:41 do it really badly and to try to help grind down that critical voice. I’ll just mention my husband’s
    0:09:47 work here. He’s Neil Allen. He wrote Shapes of Truth. And the work he does with people in these
    0:09:52 Shapes of Truth is taming the inner critic. And what his position is, you’re never going to get
    0:09:57 rid of it. You know, we don’t get over very much here. What he does with people is he has them
    0:10:03 bring forth the inner critic and actually just put it on the table in front of him. And he,
    0:10:09 he thanks them for keeping them, him alive when he was six and seven because it kept him small
    0:10:14 and controllable. So he didn’t run out into the street. He didn’t swim out past his ability to
    0:10:19 stay afloat. But that at the age of six year, whatever, we probably don’t need it anymore.
    0:10:26 And so he has his clients give the inner critic a great new job, which might be ethical consultant
    0:10:32 for the project so that the inner critic can go off to the library where there’s an incredibly
    0:10:37 comfortable chair and a good reading light and 2000 books. And he will sit there and read what
    0:10:42 he loves to do. And when we need an ethical consultation, it will come get him. But we
    0:10:49 don’t need that constant. Is it a lot okay to say the F word on? Oh, yeah. Oh, yes, please.
    0:10:54 In bird by bird, there’s a whole chapter on K fucked radio, K F K D. And without a lot of
    0:11:00 help and a lot of transformation and healing, K fucked radios on 24 seven. It’s telling you
    0:11:06 how far short you’re falling. It’s telling you how great you started out and what a disappointment
    0:11:10 you’ve turned out to be. It’s telling you that what you’re in the middle of is beating a dead
    0:11:17 on and on and on. And so the shapes of truth work and the inner critic work and bird by bird
    0:11:24 is 90% about turning down K fucked radio. Anyway, out of the left hand speaker is all this stuff
    0:11:30 about that you can’t do it perfectly. And that why bother and that this has been blah, blah, blah.
    0:11:34 But out of the right hand speakers, it’s like the voice of the people who love you most,
    0:11:39 the voice of like for me, Sam or my husband or my two best girlfriends. And they’re saying,
    0:11:46 I love your story. So I love how you write. I can’t wait to read more. So but you can turn
    0:11:52 down the left hand speaker and it’ll always be there to some degree. There are many different
    0:12:00 directions I could go. And thank you for that context. I am going to sit down and reread
    0:12:06 bird by bird. In fact, which I’ve read at least, I would say a dozen times, but I’d always written
    0:12:13 nonfiction. And I’m beginning to experiment with fiction, which is a whole different sport,
    0:12:21 it would seem free in many ways. I can help. If you want someone to help you, I will help you.
    0:12:28 Because I would love that. You sit down, you keep your butt in the chair, you take one passage,
    0:12:33 one memory, one vision, one bit of dialogue, one character, and you do it badly.
    0:12:45 So if we look back to your childhood, my understanding is you had a role model for
    0:12:50 this button chair time. Could you tell us a bit about your childhood?
    0:12:55 The model was my father, who was a writer, Kenneth Lamott, and he had a lot of books
    0:13:01 published and a lot of magazine articles. And I heard him down at his desk at that old Olympia
    0:13:07 at 5.30 every morning, rain or shine or hangover. He just did it. And that was what he taught me,
    0:13:13 was that you don’t wait for inspiration. It’s an illusion. And in fact, I gave a talk once on
    0:13:20 inspiration and on how I don’t believe in it and how what gets me going is death, mental illness,
    0:13:27 and fire for revenge. But my dad just did it. And that’s what I learned. And that’s what I passed
    0:13:33 on to my son. And my house was very, very tense. My parents didn’t love each other. My father drank
    0:13:39 a lot. My mother was very, very overweight and a black belt codependent from Liverpool. And I
    0:13:44 was the middle child. I have an older brother and a younger brother. And it was up to me to help make
    0:13:49 sure dad kept coming home because he didn’t like mom, but he loved me. I had a rebellious older
    0:13:55 brother and an infant baby brother. And I needed to try to help raise the baby brother. I mean,
    0:14:01 my parents really would have been better off raising orchids or tea cup poodles or something.
    0:14:07 And so what I did at the age of five was to try to raise the baby and to try to keep my brother
    0:14:13 from imploding. And it was exhausting. And I got migraines at five years old. And no one,
    0:14:20 it was fifties, no one quite noticed that children had mental health diagnoses and stress. It was
    0:14:24 really life or death. But I’ll tell you, my family worked better when I had a migraine,
    0:14:30 because families do well if there’s one sick person, that’s not them. So when I had to be in
    0:14:36 the total darkness with cold compresses, the family thrived, you know, but I learned a couple of
    0:14:41 rules. And I know you’ve written about stuff like this, but I learned some survival tools. And one
    0:14:46 was to think that I was defective and that I was the reason that the family wasn’t doing well,
    0:14:51 because if I was the problem, that meant I had some measure of control, right? I could do better.
    0:14:57 And I couldn’t do better. I was an A student. I was a tennis star. But if I believed I could
    0:15:03 do better, and I could need less. And if I did better and needed less, then it seemed to make mom
    0:15:08 and dad better. And it was completely Reaganomic trickle down. Like if dad was okay, and we helped
    0:15:15 dad pump up, then mom would be able to nurture the three of us. So born to die, people pleaser.
    0:15:21 I got all of my self-esteem from outside, from good grades, from being the star of the classroom,
    0:15:25 and from being a great conversationalist that my parents like to have around, and that my parents
    0:15:31 friends like to chat with. And I was not only defective, and this is where it gets dicey, but I
    0:15:38 was in charge of everybody’s happiness. You know, I was in charge of helping mom not feel so put down
    0:15:43 by dad. I was in charge of making dad come home because I was so adorable and I rubbed his feet.
    0:15:49 I’m a lot older than you, but when I was coming up in the 50s, the men, they all were socks with
    0:15:55 garters, these little sock garters. And I was like a little gay sugar with curly kinky hair,
    0:16:00 and I’d sit and I’d take off his little garter on the couch and I’d take off his sock and I’d
    0:16:06 rub his feet. And I thought he would come home for that and he drank a lot. So what I got good at
    0:16:13 was pleasing people, being a stratospheric achiever, but not quite so bright that it ruined my older
    0:16:18 brother’s life and it made him feel like a loser. And I know how to raise babies. And I know how to
    0:16:24 get by on the leftovers, on whatever was left over after I gave everybody the very, very best
    0:16:29 parts of me. So all of my books, including Bird by Bird and Operating Instructions, everything
    0:16:37 has to do with that coming into radical self-care and becoming my own priority.
    0:16:42 This is kind of funny. My mom, who is a black belt, as I told you, codependent, always took the
    0:16:48 broken Friday. My entire life, I can swear on the stack of Bibles my mother never once said,
    0:16:54 “Here’s somebody else takes the goddamn broken egg yolk. Can you take the, you know, my mother
    0:16:59 ate the broken egg yolk?” And that’s what I was raised to believe women did. And I had to have
    0:17:05 enough therapy, enough recovery. I’ve been clean it’s over 35 years now and enough in the women’s
    0:17:11 movement and a lot of outside help so that I could be my own priority. And if there was a
    0:17:17 broken egg yolk, maybe it wasn’t my turn again. Maybe Sam should have the broken egg yolk. Sam
    0:17:24 loves a perfect fried egg. You know what? Tough shit. I know that sounds like a loving Christian
    0:17:30 thing to say, but it had to do with becoming my own priority. So that was the childhood I had. I
    0:17:35 was very afraid. I had migraines. I was too smart. It’s very good at math. Girls weren’t supposed to
    0:17:41 be. I skipped a grade. I made the boys feel bad because I was better at math than they were.
    0:17:48 I was small and I looked funny. I had this crazy pure white blonde kinky hair and these huge green
    0:17:56 eyes. I weighed about 20 pounds till eighth grade. And, you know, all I knew to do was to do better
    0:18:01 and to try to do it perfectly. And that’s why I think the chapter in bird by bird is something
    0:18:08 that people so relate to because, like in my family, all of us in the American way in fact,
    0:18:14 but in my family, the theme was forward thrust that no matter what was going on, you keep going.
    0:18:20 You keep going forward. You thrust forward so that the abyss doesn’t open up at your feet,
    0:18:25 you know? And if the abyss threatens to you, you get to Ikea and you buy a cute throw rug,
    0:18:30 you know, you kick out the abyss. They call the abyss the abyss because it’s pretty abysmal.
    0:18:35 It’s a nightmare so you try not to land in it. What my family did was drink and overeat and
    0:18:41 diet. My dad had a million affairs and it turned out, and you’ve written about this,
    0:18:48 that the abyss or in the Christian theology of St. John the Divine, it’s the dark night of the soul
    0:18:55 is where transformation most often happens and that if you can just bear being somewhere that
    0:19:01 you’ve never been before where you don’t really have any kind of owner’s manual or a clue of how
    0:19:08 to proceed, then you’re really teachable, you know? And from that place, something magical might just
    0:19:12 grow. You asked me a question before we began recording. You asked me several questions. You
    0:19:17 asked me how I was doing. You also asked me if I was spiritually fit or feeling spiritually fit.
    0:19:22 I don’t remember the exact wording, but I’d like to hear to you what that means.
    0:19:29 And then after that, what it means to you current day, after that, I’d love for you to tell us the
    0:19:38 story or any story of a dark night of the soul experience that you’ve had that helped to catalyze
    0:19:44 this radical self-care. But let’s start in the present tense, spiritually fit. What does that
    0:19:52 mean to you? Well, spiritually fit means I’m in my body paradoxically. It doesn’t mean I’m in some
    0:19:59 ether world of, you know, divine enlightenment. And it means I heard a preacher years ago say
    0:20:06 the 23rd Psalm, which is the Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want. But she said, the Lord is my
    0:20:12 shepherd, I shall not trip. And I just love that because when I’m spiritually not fit, I’m just
    0:20:20 tripping. You know, I’m making up stories. I’m in fear. I’m in anxiety. I have a tremendous anxiety
    0:20:26 disorder for which I’m successfully treated most of the time. But I’m just tripping on something
    0:20:33 somebody said that stuck in my craw on something I’m afraid of, of something, a lot of fear in
    0:20:39 recovery. There’s some great acronyms for fear, because people like my cokehead friends, I mean,
    0:20:44 I’m my own cokehead friend. But they would say that the false evidence appearing real,
    0:20:48 which usually means that you’re at the window peering through the drapes thinking that there’s
    0:20:53 a SWAT team on your lawn at four in the morning, you know, and that the best idea you have is
    0:20:58 another cool refreshing beer. But some of the ones I love is one is the frantic effort to appear
    0:21:04 recovered. That’s my main thing is that when I need to look good, when I need to appear to be doing
    0:21:12 well is when I’m at my most spiritually lost. And another one I love is future events already
    0:21:17 ruined. And so I’m just tripping out of it. Like I was tripping out this morning about what if I
    0:21:23 screwed up with Tim, you know, and, and you’re so illustrious and your listenership I think is
    0:21:29 younger and why would they want this old lady with dreadlocks Sunday school teacher, where do our
    0:21:34 Zen diagrams meet? And I was tripping and then I remembered, you know, future events already
    0:21:41 ruined. That’s not true. That’s just kfuck radio. And another one I love is fear expressed allows
    0:21:48 relief. And so I told Bill, and he said, you know, you, you are so wonderful at this. Just
    0:21:53 breathe and go for a walk first and do what you do. And you’ll be sitting there with Sam and Tim is
    0:21:58 great. And you’re going to love it. It’s going to go by so quickly. But so fear expressed allows
    0:22:05 relief. So spiritually fit for me is that I’m not tripping and that I’m breathing. When I was a child,
    0:22:10 I didn’t breathe, you know, I held my breath because for all the reasons I told you. And I remember,
    0:22:18 I used to pass out on the boardwalk in town at three years old and my dad would nudge me and say,
    0:22:25 Annie, Annie, and I blink away. But if you breeze, you may end up in your body. And it may be that
    0:22:32 in your body, terrible things happen to you. And if you’re a girl addict and alcoholic like I am,
    0:22:38 you know, until 1986, you let terrible things happen in your body, you encourage terrible
    0:22:43 things. If you let people do anything at all that they want, they seem to like you better
    0:22:48 briefly, you know. And so breathing will bring you into your body. So for that reason,
    0:22:55 you may resist it. But for me to do what I call the sacrament of ploppage and to sit down
    0:23:05 and for one minute to breathe into my heart cave and do the do the sighing, I get my sense of humor
    0:23:13 back, you know, and laughter, even at my own quirky, fearful, darling self, laughter I’ve written in
    0:23:20 a number of places, this carbonated holiness. So if I’m breathing, and I’ve gotten my sense of humor
    0:23:28 back, I’m in something spiritual, I’m something that has to do with my human spirit and the divine.
    0:23:35 I mean, I believe and I’ve heard that we have dual citizenship, you know, we’re children of the
    0:23:41 divine, we’re children of sons and daughters of God. And we also have these kind of screwed up
    0:23:47 biographical details. We’ve got genetic details that we would have maybe not preferred.
    0:23:53 We have predispositions to alcoholism and mental illness or to weight gain in our
    0:24:00 thighs or whatever. But I have to remember that I can toggle back between dual citizenship, between
    0:24:09 being a child of God or of the great universal spirit and Annie Lamont, 67, Sunday school teacher
    0:24:16 and left-wing activist, mother and grandmother. And, you know, I got married at 65. I got married
    0:24:23 three days after I got Medicare. And those are my true biographical details. And I also am a person
    0:24:30 of spirit. So that’s what spiritually fit means for me is that I remember that I’m not this terrible
    0:24:36 pinball machine in my mind cranking out new ideas about how I can do life more perfectly so that
    0:24:45 everybody will think more highly of me. Annie, I want to tell you, I am enjoying this tremendously.
    0:24:53 So you are exceeding every expectation. So I’m very, very happy that you’re here. And thank you
    0:24:57 for making the time to be here. You mentioned this radical self-care and having written a lot
    0:25:03 about radical self-care and what a contrast that is to your early experiences or earlier experiences
    0:25:10 in life. Was there or is there a particular catalyzing event that brought radical self-care
    0:25:16 into focus as a imperative for you? Well, two things spring to mind. I mean, I could write a
    0:25:23 whole book on the dark night of the soul. And every book I’ve written is about it to some degree,
    0:25:31 but it’s my favorite topic. And I just had a million dark nights of the soul while I was drinking
    0:25:37 and using. And usually the solution then was to have eight or nine social vodka and maybe a
    0:25:44 little amyl nitrate just to socialize. But then in 1986, the fourth of July weekend,
    0:25:51 I had a three-day blackout, which is so unfair. I’m not kidding, because usually you have a
    0:25:56 blackout and, you know, it’s like a wet chalkboard eraser has come by and there’s nothing left on
    0:26:01 the chalkboard of what you did that evening. And it’s very scary, but usually they don’t happen
    0:26:10 all that often. I had three in a row, July 4th, July 5th, and July 6th. And I woke up in terror
    0:26:18 the morning of July 7th. And I had run out of any more good ideas. All I could think of was how I
    0:26:25 could figure out a way to learn to drink more successfully. And I knew that I wasn’t going
    0:26:30 to be able to break that code. And I was already a believer. I mean, I’ve pretty much been a believer
    0:26:36 my whole life. I already had a church by then. I was just done. I’d reached the end of my rope.
    0:26:42 That’s what the dark night is. You’ve run out of any more good ideas. And in that space of total
    0:26:50 emptiness and lostness, I was lost and something found me. And I have to think of it as grace.
    0:27:01 I understand grace to be spiritual WD-40. And that it stretches you. Maybe a really quick
    0:27:07 spritz or maybe you get that little thin red straw inserted into you and you get a sustained
    0:27:14 spritz of it. But it was like water wings. I suddenly understood that I wasn’t going to sink
    0:27:19 completely, but that I needed a lot of help. And that was the hugest breakthrough for me.
    0:27:27 Well, the help I got first, I got a couple of sober women who said, “I have what you have.”
    0:27:34 And I found a way out one day at a time, not drinking just for the day. And if your ass falls
    0:27:41 off, we can help pick it up and carry it to where we are and we’ll sit together and we’ll
    0:27:45 share our truth. And you won’t have to drink for the rest of the day and we’ll help you get through
    0:27:53 the day just without a butt. The amazing thing about grace is that it meets you exactly where you are
    0:27:59 and then it doesn’t leave you where it found you. It sort of tricks you into getting into its wheel
    0:28:05 barrel and then it moves you to someplace where maybe there’s just a shaft of light or maybe
    0:28:12 there’s cool water. And the cool water I found was other sober people. But that was the darkest
    0:28:20 night I can remember. And then here’s a recent example. My son and his son live here in a barn
    0:28:26 on the property and his son lives with him half time and with the child’s mother half time. And
    0:28:33 I was in major, major people pleasing and I was dancing as fast as I could to make sure
    0:28:38 everybody’s needs were met. And I was taking the leftovers and the broken egg yolks and I was
    0:28:45 exhausted. I was in existential exhaustion and it had been going on for a while. And I finally,
    0:28:50 I know, I shared it with my older brother who’d stopped by who’s a fundamentalist Christian and he
    0:28:55 sort of basically done the equivalent of handing me some nice Christian bumper sticker about how
    0:29:00 God never gives you more than you can handle, which I think is a total crock. And I think what
    0:29:05 you got to do with God is to convince him that you really can’t bear all that much. Like when
    0:29:09 you deal with a trainer at the gym, you don’t want them to know how much you can lift. I guess
    0:29:14 they’ll make you lift it and that what you have to do is instead to just pretend you can’t and hint
    0:29:20 at liability from another gym you went to where they made you lift too much. When my brother handed
    0:29:28 me this stupid word bumper sticker, I lost it. And I said to him, like one of the cone heads,
    0:29:34 I said, “I have to go right this minute now and go for a ride. I have an errand to do.” And my older
    0:29:41 brother looked at me like, “What?” And I got in my car and I drove out to the woods and screaming
    0:29:48 and shouting and pounding the steering wheel and saying, “I hate you, Sam. I hate you.”
    0:29:55 To his mother, “I hate you, John. Who’s my older brother? I hate you, mom and dad. You taught me
    0:30:01 that I’m a piece of shit unless I’m getting A’s and unless the entire world.” And I hated everybody.
    0:30:08 And it was half hour. I turned around, half hour, same record. And then finally I pulled over to
    0:30:14 Ciderode and I called my spiritual mentor whose name is Horrible Bonnie and that’s what I call her
    0:30:21 anyway. And I said, “I hate, I cannot stand it. All I do is be there for everybody else.”
    0:30:27 And I get nothing. And I went on and on and she listened, which is the miracle that somebody
    0:30:33 listens and they don’t try to save or rescue or fix you or horse you into submission to what they
    0:30:40 think would be a good path for you. And she said, “Annie, this is what we paid for. This is where I
    0:30:47 hoped you would get someday.” And I wasn’t in cute, adorable crying. I was in red faced, swollen
    0:30:53 nose, carol, mauled and snotty crying. I said, “No, but I don’t have any, I don’t have, I’ve tried
    0:30:59 everything, blah, blah, blah, blah.” She let me cry and she said, “You are, everybody else is your
    0:31:04 priority, that your son and your grandson and your mom and your relatives and that your best friends
    0:31:09 and that your people at church and the blah, blah, that everybody else is taking care of and you get
    0:31:16 leftovers.” And it was the darkest, snottyest, wettest, dark night of the soul. And it wasn’t
    0:31:22 like God reached down with this magic or his or her magic wand and tapped me. It really hurt.
    0:31:28 I was really angry about what I’ve put up with. And I was sad and angry and freaked out and we
    0:31:34 just stayed on the phone. And then all of a sudden I could breathe again. And I drove back to my house
    0:31:39 and I became my own priority. And my older brother was there and he goes, “Hi, you seem kind of…”
    0:31:43 I said, “Oh, no, I didn’t, you know, oh, no, I’m fine.” And frantic effort took care of me.
    0:31:50 But from that point on, I can tell you what date that was because three months later I met the
    0:31:57 man who became my husband. I did three months of this radical self-love of being my own priority,
    0:32:02 of letting everybody else take the leftovers, of putting myself first, of structuring my days
    0:32:09 around what would make me happiest, what I needed to do and what I hope to do and what I love to do.
    0:32:14 And then I would find time for everybody else. And three months to the day later,
    0:32:20 I met Neil for our first coffee date. And that was five years ago. We haven’t been apart
    0:32:26 for a day since. So that was the most recent dark night of the soul. My son, who’s right here,
    0:32:32 had a very long stretch of math and alcohol where I thought he would die. That was the most
    0:32:37 terrifying thing to think I could lose him because he’s my outside heart. You know,
    0:32:42 I think children are our outside heart. And I couldn’t save him. I couldn’t fix him. I couldn’t
    0:32:48 rescue him. I couldn’t really help him. But the dark night of our soul was that he had a two-year-old
    0:32:55 child. He had a baby at 19. And the mom and my grandchild were living with me. And Sam was around,
    0:33:01 but he had a house in the Tenderloin. He had an apartment and he showed up wasted. And I had reached
    0:33:07 my bottom. That’s what the dark night is. You’ve run out of any more good ideas. And so what I did
    0:33:13 was I took a sharpened pencil and I held it to his throat. I mean, this does not jive with my
    0:33:21 spiritual books, my persona and my being. And I said, “You’re as bad as any junkie I know.
    0:33:27 And you cannot be back on this property with your baby if you so much as have a hit of marijuana.”
    0:33:33 And we just looked at each other. And he looked at me like with such hatred. And for your child to
    0:33:39 hate you is about as bad as it ever gets. And then I got some sort of Holy Spirit nudge or
    0:33:45 something, you know, the great universal spirit. And I said, “Do you want to ride back to the city
    0:33:49 and to the Tenderloin?” I don’t know if you know what the Tenderloin is.
    0:33:53 Oh, I do. I live in San Francisco a long time, but a lot of people don’t. So could you describe it,
    0:33:59 please? It’s not lovely. It’s where all the crackheads and heroin are. It’s a really deprived,
    0:34:07 depleted, addicted, prostitute, pimp, terrible, terrible place. And anyway, so I drove him back
    0:34:14 to his house and he got out of the car and he hated me. And I walked over to him and I reached
    0:34:20 for him. I took a chance. You know, they say courage is fear that has set its prayers.
    0:34:25 We hadn’t said a word in the car. It’s an hour drive. And I just kept praying in silence in the
    0:34:32 car and we stood together and I reached for him and he reached for me. And I said, “I’ll see you.”
    0:34:38 And he said, “I’ll see you.” And then he called me three weeks later and he said, “I’ve got a week
    0:34:43 clean and sober.” And the guys who could actually be there for him, which was not his incredibly
    0:34:49 crazy mother who had had it, these guys in San Francisco who were clean and sober had fished
    0:34:54 him out of the trough, you know. And one day at a time had helped him get clean and sober. And he
    0:35:01 has had a drink or a drug for 10 years now. So those three things that I’ve described are the
    0:35:06 darkest nights of the soul that I’ve been to. But the thing with Sam and with my child in general
    0:35:12 is that I had thought up till then that I had some really, I have a disease of good ideas,
    0:35:18 usually for other people. And I believe that my ideas will really help them have better lives
    0:35:24 and at least make me less uncomfortable when I’m around them. And I learned that my help was not
    0:35:32 helpful to Sam and that help is the sunny side of control. And I was trying to control him and
    0:35:38 that was making him worse. And I still, you know, I’m 67, he’s going to be 32 this year. I still,
    0:35:45 he’s on his hero’s journey with his podcast, “Hello Humans” that you’ve listened to. And he’s doing
    0:35:51 a beautiful job. And I would still like to get on his hero’s journey, just maybe 10 feet behind him
    0:35:57 with juice box and sunscreen, maybe, and just be there in case he needs me. But when I do that,
    0:36:02 it’s injuring him. It’s not helping him. It’s certainly not helping me. But what I have to do
    0:36:07 is this, the awareness that I’m doing it again and grip myself gently by the wrist and say, “Annie,
    0:36:15 stop. Get back onto your own emotional acre. He’s doing great. He is a miracle.”
    0:36:21 That’s what has come from the Dark Knights are the greatest truths I know, that my help is not
    0:36:29 helpful, that when I’m in the darkest, most scared place on earth, if I can not try to do the forward
    0:36:35 thrust and try to redecorate the abyss, then I’m going to get blushing and light and I’m going to
    0:36:44 get fresh air. And my life is, if I can tough it out or let somebody into it with me and breathe
    0:36:50 and do left foot, right foot, left foot, breathe, then my world is going to become more spacious.
    0:36:57 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show.
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    0:38:18 And now, Josh Waitzkin, best-selling author of The Art of Learning, an inner journey to
    0:38:24 optimal performance, a trainer of elite mental performers in business and finance, an eight-time
    0:38:32 national chess champion, a two-time world champion in Tai Chi Chuan push hands, and the first Brazilian
    0:38:39 Jujitsu black belt under nine-time world champion, Marcelo Garcia. You can learn more about Josh and
    0:38:47 his projects at joshwaitzkin.com. Joshua. Yes, Tim Bo. Welcome back, buddy. I’m so happy to be here.
    0:38:53 I’m thrilled you’re here, man. I’m hanging with you. And I thought we could maybe start just for
    0:38:57 the complete non-sequitur, which is a book you just mentioned to me that I know nothing about,
    0:39:02 which is Dreaming Yourself Awake. Can you talk about this? Oh, I didn’t think we’re going to begin
    0:39:07 here. It’s a book that I explored a couple years ago. 20 years ago, I started studying
    0:39:13 Tibetan dream yoga and lucid dreaming, not deeply, but exploring. And this was during the period where
    0:39:17 I was first getting involved with my Sadevi’s Asian philosophy. And then a dear friend of mine
    0:39:22 recommended this book. It’s actually funny. We kind of made a mistake together. I recommended
    0:39:27 another book that he texted back confirming that it was the name. He texted me back that name that
    0:39:32 I didn’t intend, but then I picked up and read and it was extraordinary. It’s just a phenomenal
    0:39:37 discussion, very systematic discussion of the art of lucid dreaming in this way that fuses
    0:39:44 East Asian philosophy with Western science. And you were competing then at the time. You were
    0:39:47 in the midst of competition. Two years ago, you mean? Oh, this was two years ago. Yeah,
    0:39:51 this was two years ago. Oh, I said 20 years ago. 20 years ago was when I started studying East Asian
    0:39:55 philosophy. I got it. I was competing in chess then and then to the martial arts.
    0:39:59 I need a little more caffeine. Working on it. You’ve had a rough night. And I wanted to thank
    0:40:04 you. I’m just, this is like Tim’s stream of consciousness podcast intro. We’re looking
    0:40:11 at a slack line. This is an indoor gibbon classic slack. It’s about 12. No, not even 10 feet long,
    0:40:19 maybe we have it’s surrounded by kettlebells and Indoboard and a triceratops, which I don’t think
    0:40:25 is yours. Got the bozu ball there and the bozu ball. And that I want to thank you for actually
    0:40:30 getting me to bite the bullet and grab a slack line, which I set up on Long Island. Yeah, absolutely.
    0:40:35 I’ve loved, I’ve had some fun on your slack line on Long Island too. I love, right now I’m in the
    0:40:40 period, you know, I kind of oscillate between these and my son, Jack was four and a half. We have a
    0:40:43 great time. I’m on the Indoboard rock and he’s on the bozu ball. We’re having a catch back and
    0:40:49 forth while on these things. We’re always integrating these interesting kinds of physiological
    0:40:54 awareness training. Speaking of which, I feel like maybe we should throw a cautionary tale
    0:41:01 into this follow up podcast. So we obviously trade stories and findings all the time. Would you like
    0:41:10 to talk about your recent experience with Wim Hof and breathing training? Wow. Yeah. Well,
    0:41:16 had an extremely scary experience. Some of a lifetime meditator and kind of experimental subject
    0:41:20 like yourself around all these things. You tend to have better self preservation instead. I tend
    0:41:27 to, although I’ve had a lot of close calls in life. When I heard you speak to Wim, I was extremely
    0:41:30 intrigued. Actually, when I heard someone mention Wim to you on your podcast, and then we spoke
    0:41:34 about it, then you spoke to Wim, I thought he sounded like a fascinating guy. I started digging
    0:41:39 into his work, so powerful. And I started doing, he’s going through his course, his online course.
    0:41:44 I loved it. I mean, the energetic feeling, the electric surging through the body. I’m also a
    0:41:48 lifetime freediver since I was four, five years old. I’ve been freediving and so breath hold.
    0:41:52 And just to put that in perspective, I mean, you spend about a month a year in the water.
    0:41:56 Used to be, used to be three months when I was younger. Now it’s about, yeah,
    0:42:00 diving usually about a month of the year. But I spent a lot of time now, as we know, surfing,
    0:42:04 stand-up paddle surfing, swimming, diving. I mean, ocean is a huge part of my life. We had to talk
    0:42:07 about our stand-up paddle adventures together. Those are pretty hilarious. We’ll definitely come
    0:42:11 to that. Timbo and I have been having some fun with that. But I started playing with the Wim Hof
    0:42:16 method and I thought it was incredibly powerful. The intensity that you’re experiencing internally,
    0:42:21 it’s very similar to training in Tai Chi, Tai Chi Chuan moving meditation for 10,
    0:42:26 15, 20 years, and then being an hour long into a session. And you have this feeling of energetic
    0:42:30 flow inside your body with the Wim Hof. You do, you know, a few rounds of his breath method and
    0:42:33 you’re experiencing these things. And it was incredible that the gain and strength were
    0:42:38 mind-boggling, the length of the breath holds were fascinating. But then I made a big technical
    0:42:43 error. I ignored all the signs on Wim’s site and that you spoke about, you know, do not do this
    0:42:47 in water, which is, they were all over the place. But I thought, you know, freediving is a way of
    0:42:52 life for me, no problem. And the major technical error was not realizing, which is absurd after
    0:42:56 a lifetime of freediving, that it’s carbon dioxide buildup that gives you the urge to breathe and
    0:43:02 not oxygen deprivation. Hugely important thing. Please, everyone, burn that in. It’s CO2 buildup
    0:43:08 that makes you want to breathe. And so I did the, after a long swim at the NYU pool a few months ago,
    0:43:13 I started doing my Wim breathing and did a series of underwater swims. I did about eight, 25 meter
    0:43:18 swims. And I think it was on my fourth 50 underwater. And I, this was after a long workout.
    0:43:23 And I went from this ecstatic state to unconsciousness. And I was actually on the bottom of the pool
    0:43:27 after blacking out from shallow water blackout for three minutes before someone pulled me out.
    0:43:32 And, you know, the doctors have told me usually it’s 40 seconds to a minute to
    0:43:37 perhaps permanent brain damage death. I got very lucky. My body saved my life. And they said that
    0:43:41 if I hadn’t been off all the training I’ve done for so many years, I would have been gone.
    0:43:46 And more specifically, you correct me for wrong, you didn’t for, and this strikes me as so odd,
    0:43:54 you didn’t have the reflexive inhalation of water. Is that right? Yeah, I didn’t take any water into
    0:43:59 my lungs, which is hugely fortunate because fresh water in the lungs can be terrible. So my lungs
    0:44:03 had no water in it pretty much after they pulled me out. I was unconscious for 25 minutes. I started
    0:44:07 breathing on my own though. When I came to 25 minutes later and I was blue everywhere else,
    0:44:12 my body sent all my, all the blood to my brain and my heart saved my life. And I’m here. And it’s
    0:44:18 been, it was a life changer on a lot of levels. You know, the idea of my four year old boy four
    0:44:21 blocks away sitting on the rug waiting for daddy to come home and me on, you know, unconscious on
    0:44:28 the bottom of a pool blue, just that’s the kind of experience that is shattering. How did that
    0:44:33 change? How you think about training and these types of experiments or life in general? I know
    0:44:37 it’s a very broad question. How does it change your decision making? Well, first of all, how it’s
    0:44:43 influenced my life in general is I’ve never lived with such a consistent sense of gratitude,
    0:44:46 beauty and love in my life. It’s just flowing through my body,
    0:44:51 presence to the exquisite little ripples of beauty and everything I do. And a sense of
    0:44:56 gratitude for the little things. It sounds cliched, but it’s embodied and I really feel it. And in
    0:45:02 terms of that’s something I’m really grateful for. It’s exquisite. You know, my little boy,
    0:45:08 my wife is pregnant, another son coming in June. And it’s made me rethink these questions of risk.
    0:45:12 But on the other hand, it’s been very important not to oversteer. I mean, one of the most important
    0:45:16 learning lessons that I’ve learned for myself and training elite mental performers is people
    0:45:21 oversteer all the time. They over calibrate. And so I’ve been very careful to sit with this and try
    0:45:25 to draw the right lessons out of it. Not the wrong and not too big a lesson and not too small
    0:45:29 lesson. And so for example, this was a huge technical oversight I had. I didn’t realize
    0:45:33 I was taking a big risk here. And there’s a lot of big risks that I’ve taken in life, some with you.
    0:45:39 And I think I’m actually pretty good at navigating those, but I’ve been thinking about them quite a
    0:45:43 bit. And, of course, cognizant of the level of danger, risk. But of course, it’s very important
    0:45:47 for me to be cognizant in a group risk, because we’ve discussed it’s important to be present to
    0:45:49 your own level and the level of everyone else around you. We can get into some of those.
    0:45:54 You don’t get into that. But I’ve been really sitting with this. Since I was a really young boy,
    0:45:58 I started playing chess when I was six years old. And by the time I was seven, I was the top
    0:46:02 ranked player. So I had in the country, so I had all this pressure on me. And a big part of the
    0:46:09 way that I found my therapy was flow. Can you explain that? Yeah, like when I was under huge
    0:46:13 pressure, external pressure for this little boy, you know, my style as a chess player was to create
    0:46:18 chaos. I loved the game. I love the battle of chess. Attacking chess. Right. Right. Attacking
    0:46:21 chess. And most players, you know, when they have a lot of pressure on them in the scholastic
    0:46:25 chess world, for example, and it’s true in many fields, they learn how to memorize their way to
    0:46:30 victory. Right. They find shortcuts to getting good fast and be controlling the game all the
    0:46:33 way. They think about reading points and think about rankings. They think about winning. They
    0:46:38 have parental pressures. They have, you know, school pressures. They have sometimes publicity
    0:46:41 pressures as they’re doing well. So they want to control their way. I had a different approach.
    0:46:45 I like to mix it up. You know, I grew up playing in Washington Square Park with the hustlers
    0:46:51 who taught me to battle. It fit my personality. And it was, you know, a core part of my competitive
    0:46:57 style to create chaos and find hidden harmonies and find flow in chaos. And as I’ve reflected on
    0:47:06 this in recent years, a big part of how I’ve dealt with stresses has been to put myself into a flow
    0:47:11 state. And this is an element of risk that I’ve been thinking about. It’s different when you’re
    0:47:15 20 and 25 and 30 years old as a professional competitor or professional fighter. And then,
    0:47:20 you know, now I’m 39 years old, dad, which is the most important thing I’ve ever done in my life,
    0:47:25 being a father. And I’m so committed to it. So I have to be quite cognizant of the distinction,
    0:47:32 for example, between, between risk competitively and risk mortally. When you’re playing chess,
    0:47:35 it feels like life and death. It really does feel like life and death. When you lose a
    0:47:39 chess game, it feels like you’ve been shattered on the most fundamental level. And so I was
    0:47:43 quite comfortable mixing it up profoundly, creating chaos. And I’d be willing to take those risks.
    0:47:48 But actually, it isn’t life and death, right? And then when you’re a professional fighter,
    0:47:52 martial artist, you know, you can break arms and legs in a second if you’re if you’re not in deep
    0:47:57 focus, or you can break your neck. But again, the stakes are it’s you out there. And then when
    0:48:01 you’re a dad, it’s a little bit different, right? And like when you’re surfing or when you’re rock
    0:48:05 climbing or whatever you’re doing, it’s an extreme state. So it’s very important for me to be clear
    0:48:11 about the distinction between what felt like life and death as a chess player and why actually is
    0:48:16 life and death metaphorical and literal, right? And then there’s the state of being someone who’s
    0:48:20 found deep flow as the ultimate therapy. There are a number of different questions I want to ask
    0:48:27 related to everything you just said. The first is how do you initiate or facilitate a flow state?
    0:48:32 And how would you describe it? Maybe we could hit that first? Well, I’ve had a lot of different
    0:48:37 ways of playing this over the years. For me, I can describe it in terms of myself and I can then
    0:48:43 we can go into how when I train people how I’d work with them. Great. For me, love has been a
    0:48:49 huge part of flow. You know, I fell in love with chess and I found flow in the self expression
    0:48:55 through an art form that I absolutely loved. And I think this is really important with children to
    0:48:59 find something that they feel connected to and that they can express themselves through. They
    0:49:03 can bring out the essence of their being through some art. And then there was tremendous competitive
    0:49:07 intensity. And of course, stretching yourself to your limit is a huge part of it’s a very important
    0:49:11 precondition to flow. And I was always playing as people who were at my level or above. And so I
    0:49:15 was always stretched. And then I was integrating in my teenage years, sort of integrating meditation
    0:49:20 to my practice, right? So I got very good at increasing my somatic awareness, my physiological
    0:49:24 introspective sensitivity. I began to feel the subtle ripples of quality in my process. I could
    0:49:28 feel when I moved from a nine or a 10 out of 10 down to back down to a nine or eight. You’re talking
    0:49:34 about in the meditation itself. In like through my meditation practice, you became more tactily
    0:49:39 sensitive when doing push hands or some other type of practice, chess initially, chess and then into
    0:49:46 push hands, right? Why is the tactile component important in chess? I think it’s hugely important
    0:49:51 in mental disciplines. So for example, you know, in chess and today, a lot of what I do today is
    0:49:55 I have this laboratory of training elite mental performers, largely in finance investors.
    0:50:00 And a huge part of the training is in their physiological introspective sensitivity. That’s
    0:50:06 the their somatic awareness. That’s the foundational training. Why? Well, first of all,
    0:50:11 we can’t just separate our mind in our body. Totally. Cartesian duality makes, right? I mean,
    0:50:18 this is your way of life as well. But we intuitively can feel things way before we are
    0:50:22 consciously aware of them, right? The chess player always senses danger before he sees it,
    0:50:26 just like, you know, the hunter will sense the shark or the jaguar before he’ll see it and he’ll
    0:50:31 look for it. So the chess player’s process is often to be studying a position to sense opportunity
    0:50:36 or danger, and then to start looking for it, deconstruct what it is and then find what it
    0:50:40 probably is and then start calculating, right? But that sense comes before. Or if you’re a great
    0:50:44 decision maker, if you’re an investor, you can sense danger, right? You can sense opportunity.
    0:50:51 But you need to have still your waters internally to feel the subtle changes inside of you
    0:50:56 that would be opportunity or the crystallization of complex ideas or danger or instead of a cognitive
    0:51:00 bias, for example, which is hugely important as a chess player or as an investor or as anything
    0:51:04 else. You know, this is one of the areas where we’ve had this ongoing dialogue and our friendship
    0:51:08 around what I call armchair professors, philosophologists. Right, philosophologists. Yes.
    0:51:12 So the people, this is a, the philosophologist is the term of Robert Persig, the author of
    0:51:16 Zen and the Artemisical Maintenance is one of my favorite books and thinkers. He’s a friend of mine.
    0:51:21 You know, the difference between the philosopher and the philosophologist is what Tim is referring
    0:51:28 to, or the writer and the literary critic or the man in the arena and the armchair professor.
    0:51:32 Or Remy from Ratatouille and Anton Ego. Okay, I don’t know that one. Who’s the food critic?
    0:51:38 Okay, yeah. There it is. Good. Yes. There it is. And so when we think about, for example, cognitive
    0:51:43 biases, the academics who study cognitive biases, who speak about them. And just for people who have
    0:51:48 no context on cognitive biases, an example to like the sunk cost fallacy. Right. I’ve spent this
    0:51:53 amount, therefore I should put good money after bad because I feel like I’ve, I need to somehow try
    0:51:58 to salvage this money that I’ve put into a given position. Right. I just wanted to give people
    0:52:04 some examples. And who, we’ve had a number of meals with them. There’s a gent would think twice.
    0:52:07 What was the author’s name again? Do you recall? Mabusan. Yeah, Michael Mobusan is who you’re
    0:52:11 thinking about. Mobusan. There we are. For people interested. Sorry to interrupt. Yeah.
    0:52:16 And so one of the interesting things about the dialogue, the academic dialogue of cognitive
    0:52:22 biases is that there’s the idea that the biases have to operate completely separately from the
    0:52:25 intuitive process. We have an intuitive process. And then we have to go through a checklist of
    0:52:30 cognitive biases. In my experience, really high level thinkers have integrated cognitive biases
    0:52:34 or an awareness of cognitive biases into their intuitive process. Right. So this is a constant
    0:52:39 process. We’ve discussed this a couple of years ago, actually, where you’re, you’re deconstructing
    0:52:44 technical awareness into something that, and so this process, for example, of building a pyramid
    0:52:47 of knowledge, we have a certain technical foundation, we have a high level intuitive leap,
    0:52:51 we can then deconstruct the intuitive leap into something that we can understand technically
    0:52:54 and replicate technically. And then we’re raising our foundation of higher and higher
    0:52:58 level intuitive leaps. Right. This is this pyramid of knowledge, which in my, in my process
    0:53:04 is built upon by the intuitive leaps are what’s guiding it. Similarly, we can learn how to take
    0:53:09 technical material and integrate it into our intuitive understanding, but we aren’t going to
    0:53:14 intuit the cognitive bias. We’re going to intuit the feeling that it corresponds.
    0:53:18 The corresponds with the bias being present. And so we think with this relative to the language,
    0:53:22 again, Robert Persig, I like the language of dynamic versus static quality. If you think about
    0:53:27 the timeline in a competitive state, for example, in a chess game, there’s a certain objective
    0:53:31 truth to a chess position. If you go, that is a timeline, which is moving. I think about Persig’s
    0:53:35 term of being at the front of the freight train of reality, right? Freight train is pushing through
    0:53:38 dynamic qualities right at the front of that freight train. Think about that as a timeline.
    0:53:42 And then the other is the chess player’s mind studying the position. When the chess player is
    0:53:47 present to the position, it’s continuing. You’re just running parallel to the truth of the position,
    0:53:51 to the dynamic quality of the position. But if something changes, you make a slight mistake,
    0:53:54 you move from having a slight advantage to a slight disadvantage, but you’re emotionally
    0:53:59 still connected, attached to having the slight advantage. Then what’s going to be happened is
    0:54:03 that you’re sort of stopping. Your dynamic quality is becoming static. But the timeline
    0:54:06 of the chess position is continuing. The game is continuing. But what’s going to happen then
    0:54:10 is that you’re going to subtly reject positions that you should accept. And you’re going to stretch
    0:54:14 for positions that you can’t for evaluations that you can’t really reach. And you’re going to fall
    0:54:18 into a downward spiral. That’s the onset of a cognitive bias. In that case, the cognitive bias
    0:54:24 would relate to the emotional clinging to a past evaluation. But if you had the present state
    0:54:28 awareness, which you trained through different tools and approaches that you use with these
    0:54:32 elite performers, for instance, you would sense the feeling of that cognitive dissonance and not
    0:54:37 get caught up in sort of the slipstream of that dislocation. Exactly. And the way that you would
    0:54:44 sense that, in this case, is that you would feel the slip away from dynamic quality. And then you
    0:54:48 would deconstruct that feeling. And then you would see what the bias is at setting in. So this is
    0:54:52 really important to say, right? It’s not that we’re going to intuitively develop the ability to know
    0:54:57 exactly what bias might be setting in the moment. But we’re going to cultivate the ability to have
    0:55:01 presence, right? I think about cultivating quality as a way of life, cultivating presence as a way
    0:55:04 of life in little moments and small when we’re holding our babies, when we’re reading a book,
    0:55:08 when we’re having a conversation with a friend, when we’re meditating. How do you help people to
    0:55:15 identify that feeling to become more sensitized to it? And just as a, as a, maybe not a counter
    0:55:21 example, but an example of not listening to intuition or instinct. So we were both in
    0:55:27 Costa Rica recently doing paddleboarding. Last meal, last meal of the trip, we go out to celebrate,
    0:55:34 we go to this seafood restaurant, food comes out, it’s a Sunday. And I leaned over the plate and
    0:55:40 smelled the food and immediately knew that it was something I shouldn’t eat. And despite that,
    0:55:45 you know, everybody’s ordering drinks, everybody’s celebrating, went into the food and about a third
    0:55:50 of the way through, I stopped and I just pushed the plate away. And then lo and behold, everybody
    0:55:56 gets severe, severe food poisoning, except for the two people who, I guess we tried to narrow
    0:56:01 it down to whether it was the garlic dip or any number of other things. But yeah, we were,
    0:56:06 we were on the toilet each like every five minutes for the next 12 hours minimum.
    0:56:09 And the great part of it is you and I were joining bedrooms, we were sharing the same toilet. So that
    0:56:13 was a hell of a night. And we never saw each other. It was amazing. But I heard that flushing
    0:56:18 happening. It was a brutal experience. I remember watching you sniffing, you had this
    0:56:22 like expression of concern come over you at the dinner table. And like I saw that moment,
    0:56:26 maybe I wasn’t present enough to you and you didn’t, it’s a great example of you didn’t fully
    0:56:32 trust your gut. But you were right on is amazing. Or I felt a sort of social pressure to conform and
    0:56:38 not rock the boat. So how do you help someone say in the world of investing just as an example,
    0:56:46 develop, not only develop the sensitivity to separate that signal from the noise,
    0:56:51 but also to actually listen to it, right? These are two different points, right? So let’s talk
    0:56:54 about developing it and then let’s talk about listening to it because they’re both so hugely
    0:57:00 important. And I’d frame them both thematically in different ways. And I’d build training systems
    0:57:04 around them both that would be quite different. So when we’re thinking about cultivating the
    0:57:11 awareness, I mean, I think that a lot of this relates to a return to a more natural state.
    0:57:15 This isn’t so much about learning as unlearning. Agreed. Getting out of our own way, releasing
    0:57:19 obstructions. I think about the training process as the movement toward unobstructed self-expression,
    0:57:23 right? Obstructedness. We have so many habits that are fundamentally blocking us, right? From
    0:57:27 the phone addictions. People are constantly distracted. People don’t have the ability to
    0:57:31 sit in empty space anymore. People are bombarded by inputs all the time. They’re in a constantly
    0:57:36 reactive state. So one way that you could frame this out is cultivating a way of life which
    0:57:40 is fundamentally proactive in little things and big. And you can build day architectures that
    0:57:44 are fundamentally proactive. But then getting into the weeds a little bit more, I think it’s
    0:57:50 most foundational to develop a mindfulness practice, to cultivate the ability to sense
    0:57:55 the most subtle ripples of human experience. Now, I’ve been trying to onboard people in,
    0:57:59 specifically in the finance space, for example, into meditation for a bit over eight years now.
    0:58:02 Initially, I would just try to get guys to meditate. They’d look at me like I was crazy.
    0:58:07 Then what I realized, I had this breakthrough, which was that I had them start doing stress
    0:58:13 and recovery interval training. So oscillating heart rate between 170s and 140s say, so let’s
    0:58:17 say someone does a six or eight or 10 minute warm up and then they’re on a heart rate interval doing
    0:58:20 some kind of cardio bike or whatever, moving their heart rate up and down between 170s and
    0:58:25 140s when they become aware of the quality of their focus on their breath during their recovery
    0:58:31 intervals, enhancing their ability to lower their heart rate more quickly. And they start to feel
    0:58:35 their heart rate, listen to it. When that awareness would kick in, I’d start, I’d layer in meditation.
    0:58:39 And the on ramp was just much more successful people just, and then what I started to refine that
    0:58:43 with is, is biofeedback. So now what I’ll do is I’ll have them do the stress and recovery interval
    0:58:47 training, then I’ll have them do some form of biofeedback, often with, for example,
    0:58:52 heart rate variability through heart math or working with a specialist. And then when they begin to
    0:58:58 have a certain kind of consistency of their ability to, to enhance their emotional regulation,
    0:59:04 to observe these subtle ripples between stress and coherence. And you can see the biometric data,
    0:59:08 then you layer in meditation and then the on ramp is even more powerful. And so then they
    0:59:12 embedded layer in a meditation practice. I think headspace is a wonderful tool for
    0:59:18 layering in meditation. And I think for a lot of people also starting with headspace before bed is
    0:59:25 another kind of gateway drug approach to then building into or leading into the morning meditation,
    0:59:29 which a lot of people have trouble with because they wake up, they feel rushed. It’s another thing
    0:59:34 to layer in on top of the brushing of the teeth, the getting the kids ready, etc. And so sometimes
    0:59:38 the evening approach, but I agreed that headspace is really useful. And I think it’s really important,
    0:59:43 I think, I think you’re absolutely right there. And I think it’s really important to have a core
    0:59:49 meditation practice, which is at least in the beginning in the conditions in your life that
    0:59:53 are most conducive to deep focus and to not being distracted. Later in life, we want to be able to
    0:59:59 tap our meditation under complete in chaos. But we want to cultivate it initially in the most
    1:00:04 peaceful time possible. So if you have kids waking up before the kids are up or in the evening once
    1:00:08 they’re asleep, or if you don’t have kids, then life is much simpler. Or during your commute,
    1:00:13 I’ve found a lot of people who will just like throw on headspace or some song that they meditate to
    1:00:17 and they know they have 20 minutes on the subway. And it’s like, all right, that’s my 20 minutes.
    1:00:22 Right. I enjoy meditating on the commute a lot personally. You’ve been meditating for a long time.
    1:00:26 I mean, I’m not sure how you feel about this. I find that if people can have the first two,
    1:00:31 three months of meditation practice in a quiet room, then if they start doing it in their commute,
    1:00:35 they’ve sort of built the foundation of it in this really quiet space.
    1:00:40 I think from what I can tell, it appears to depend a lot on what type of concentrator you are. And
    1:00:47 what I mean by that is if you look at writers, for instance, there’s some writers who want to be
    1:00:54 in a quiet environment in order to hear whatever the muse is whispering. And they’ll go to a library,
    1:00:58 they’ll go to someplace like that. I can’t do that. For whatever reason, I thrive in noisy
    1:01:05 environments because if I have the noise, I feel like it forces me to focus inward. So for me,
    1:01:11 studying languages even in a loud environment, writing in a loud environment, for whatever
    1:01:18 reason is a forcing function for me. But I can definitely see why for even perhaps a majority
    1:01:22 of people, it would be, I think it’s partially due to the fact that for instance, I’m looking at your
    1:01:27 wall right now and the fact that that picture is tilted like five degrees to the right is
    1:01:32 making me totally bonkers. You think we should fix it? We fix it. This is training for me.
    1:01:39 Look at that. The rest of the time. But the same is true auditorily. So if I have a controlled
    1:01:47 noise like music or the chuk-a-chuk-a-chuk of the car in the subway, I can focus on that repetitive
    1:01:53 noise. But if I’m sitting in a space that I want to be quiet and I have that controlling
    1:01:58 aspect of my personality trying to impose itself on something I can’t control, and then there’s
    1:02:03 like somebody hitting reverse in a truck and I can hear that outside, it will drive me nuts.
    1:02:12 Long observation to a short comment, but I do think that if you can drop in in a quiet environment,
    1:02:16 the point being, as you said, I think to stack the deck in the beginning, like learn how to do
    1:02:23 this in a controlled, unstressful environment, and then you can ratchet up over time to when you
    1:02:28 can use it in the most stressful of environments. Because we don’t ultimately want to be meditating
    1:02:32 in a flower garden. We want to be able to meditate and have a meditative state throughout our life
    1:02:37 in a hurricane, in a thunderstorm, when sharks are attacking you any moment.
    1:02:44 Paddleboarding, when you’re paddleboarding the last day on a first trip, and Josh is like, “You’ll
    1:02:51 be fine,” and then three leashes snap, and all hell breaks loose. That’s a long story. The killer
    1:02:56 set comes in. So that’s just the little context here. Timbo and I have been on this great adventure,
    1:03:00 stand up paddle surfing, taking it on together, and we found this, we got a great friend down in
    1:03:05 Costa Rica, Eric Antonsen, who actually has the other podcast other than yours that listened to
    1:03:10 in life, the Paddlewook. Eric’s awesome. He’s a great dude. He runs the Blue Zone Sup. He’s a
    1:03:14 brilliant teacher, really fascinating mind, deconstructing, stand up paddle surfing on
    1:03:18 increasingly small boards for us, and we’ve been going out there. We’ve had some hilarious close
    1:03:24 calls. The last trip a couple weeks ago, we almost destroyed each other. There’s this one
    1:03:30 like witching hour where the juju is really weird. Almost everybody either got decapitated,
    1:03:35 impaled by a board, or just head on jousting collision, which is what.
    1:03:39 But the point that you bring up, I think, is right on about meditation, that when you’re
    1:03:43 building training programs for elite mental performers, the most important thing is to
    1:03:48 understand them so deeply and build programs that are unique to their funk, embrace their funk.
    1:03:54 That’s a term, my buddy Graham, who’s a dear friend of ours who comes on our surf adventures
    1:03:58 with us. He’s a brilliant thought partner. Embrace the funk. Could you explain that?
    1:04:02 Yeah, we have to embrace our funk. We have to figure out, you think about the entanglement of
    1:04:06 genius and madness, right? Or brilliance and eccentricity. Understanding that entanglement
    1:04:10 is always a precursor to working with anybody who’s trying to be world-class at something,
    1:04:15 because that entanglement is fundamental to their being. And they have to ultimately embrace
    1:04:20 their funk, embrace their eccentricity, embrace what makes them different, and then build on it,
    1:04:23 right? And so we think about self-expression. It’s not trying to take everyone and put them
    1:04:27 into the same mold. It’s trying to understand someone very deeply and build a training program,
    1:04:31 a way of life that helps them bring out the essence of their being through their art,
    1:04:35 whatever their art is. I mean, and that’s how I relate to the path to excellence in
    1:04:39 chess and martial arts, in different arts, very actively in the investing space. When I work in
    1:04:45 education with children through my nonprofit, it’s again the movement to unobstructed self-expression.
    1:04:49 But the problem is the teachers don’t listen. They don’t know how to listen, right? They don’t
    1:04:54 know how to sit or parents to sit in empty space and observe the nuance of their child’s mind or
    1:04:58 their student’s mind, and then build a way of life around that. People are used to teaching the way
    1:05:03 they learned. Think about martial arts instructors. Almost all of them trained in a certain way and
    1:05:08 then teach that way, which alienates 65, 70 percent of the students by definition. It’s very rare that
    1:05:13 you have someone who can take the time to, and it takes a lot of time to know someone deeply enough
    1:05:18 to build a training program and a way of life around who they are. I mean, for me, and what I
    1:05:23 only work with, with eight teams, I don’t take on new clients. Very seldom do I take on a new
    1:05:27 client. I won’t work with more than eight people. You also don’t do a lot of PR for everybody listening.
    1:05:32 I always get these emails and texts like, “Hey, could you intro me to Josh? I want to
    1:05:37 my show,” and I’m like, “He’s not, he’s not going to do it.” Tim, you’re the only person
    1:05:42 once a year or two. You’re the one guy who brings me out of my hermetic cave. I live a bit of a
    1:05:47 strange life because I’m not on a strange, doesn’t feel strange to me. It feels completely natural,
    1:05:51 but I’m not on Facebook or Twitter or Instagram or any of these things. I don’t even know the
    1:05:58 names of most of them. I have an email account, though. Do you have that? I cultivate empty space
    1:06:02 as a way of life for the creative process. So, Timbo, you’re the one guy who brings me out of
    1:06:06 the cave where we have a lot of fun together. So, you were talking about these top performers and
    1:06:14 getting to know them on a very deep, subtle level so that you can help them express the combination
    1:06:20 of their madness and genius or at least embrace it, among other things. How do you think about
    1:06:25 parenting? Yeah, let’s dig into this one. All right. So, and then let’s remember to loop back
    1:06:29 after this to finish this discussion of, first of all, you were talking about how to cultivate the
    1:06:33 somatic awareness and then how to listen to it. So, let’s go back to how to train to listen to it.
    1:06:38 Okay, parenting, Jack. Well, Jack’s the love of my life. I mean, this kid is such an awesome dude,
    1:06:43 and parenting has been the most fantastic learning experience I’ve ever gone through.
    1:06:49 So, from when he was born, I tried very hard not to go in with a lot of preconceived ideas.
    1:06:54 And to be attuned to him, to listen to him. From when he was just days, weeks old,
    1:06:58 he was teaching me. You know, you talk about teaching presence. Our eyes would be connected,
    1:07:02 and if I would think about something else, his eyes would pull me back. If there was any
    1:07:06 distraction that set in, he would pull me back. And he’s got a little older, he would just take
    1:07:12 your face and pull it back in the sweetest way. And so, the depth of connection, you know, being
    1:07:19 deeply attuned to a young spirit that hasn’t become blocked, that isn’t that state of unobstructed
    1:07:26 self-expression. That is just this unbelievably game learner, unblocked learner. Jack is the
    1:07:30 game this little person I’ve ever known in my life. But of course, I’ve been thinking about
    1:07:36 learning and education for a lot of years. And so, I had some thoughts. And so, for example,
    1:07:43 I think that control is, the need for control is something that inhibits people in life. The need
    1:07:48 to have external conditions be just so, in order for them to be able to, Timbo is pointing at the,
    1:07:51 at my grandmother’s painting. That was my grandma’s painting. It’s a beauty, right?
    1:07:54 Yeah, Stella, Stella Waitskin. That’s her self-portrait.
    1:07:58 Okay, we’re going to leave it messed up. We’re working on control. So, like, from a young age,
    1:08:02 for me, when I started playing chess, I would create the chaos on the board like I described,
    1:08:06 and then I would play in chess shops with people blowing smoke and playing music,
    1:08:10 and I’d play chess with like loud guillotine monk chants bursting into my head from speakers.
    1:08:15 When I play cards, I would never, playing general me, I’d always keep the melds out of order.
    1:08:19 So that again? When I would play cards, I would cards like a card game, playing like
    1:08:22 general me, a card game. I would never organize my hand. I’d always keep it.
    1:08:26 Do you say meld? Yeah, like, if you have like three sevens.
    1:08:28 Oh, okay. Right? Or like, all right.
    1:08:32 Jack Queen, Jack Queen, Queen of Hearts or whatever. I would keep everything out of order,
    1:08:35 so I’d have to reorganize it in my mind. I’d keep my room messy.
    1:08:39 Oh, you wouldn’t gather your, I see, you wouldn’t, you wouldn’t move your cards around to
    1:08:44 organized. Right. I was creating chaos everywhere to train at being able to be at peace in chaos.
    1:08:49 And organize things in, that was kind of part of my way of life. And I found it to be a huge
    1:08:53 advantage that I had competitively. And so one of the biggest mistakes that I observed in the first
    1:08:57 year of Jack’s life or year or two of Jack’s life that I observed with parents is that they do that,
    1:09:01 have this language around weather, whether being good or bad. When it was raining, they’d be like,
    1:09:05 it’s bad weather. You’d hear, you know, moms, babysitters, dads talk about it’s bad weather,
    1:09:08 we can’t go out, or it’s good weather, we can go out. And so that means that somehow we’re
    1:09:12 externally reliant on conditions being perfect in order to be able to go out and have a good time.
    1:09:16 So Jack and I never missed a single storm. Every rainstorm, I don’t think we’ve missed
    1:09:22 one storm, other than maybe one when he was sick. I don’t think we’ve missed a single storm,
    1:09:26 rain or snow, going outside and romping in it. And we’ve developed this language around how
    1:09:29 beautiful it was. And so when now, whenever there’s a rainy day, Jack says, look, that day,
    1:09:33 it’s such a beautiful rainy day. And we go out and we play in it. And, you know, I wanted him
    1:09:39 to have this internal locus of control, to not be reliant on external conditions being just so.
    1:09:43 And now he’s four, he’s getting older, so we’ve been playing with these things. We began meditating
    1:09:48 together when he was a little over a year, just doing breathwork. Initially, we started doing
    1:09:54 meditation work when he was in that kind of most pure states. When he’d be taking a warm bath and
    1:09:58 he was lying on his back and being completely relaxed, blissed out, we would just naturally
    1:10:02 breathe together. I wanted the habit to be formed in something that was the initial experience
    1:10:09 to be in conditions that were most conducive to just natural peace. And then we have, in recent
    1:10:15 months, been taking it to an interesting, funky place. So he would watch me do the
    1:10:18 Wim Hof training and I’d be putting my hands in ice buckets and doing this interesting
    1:10:22 breathwork through cold water. And he would initially watch me come over, stick his finger
    1:10:26 in and put his hand in. So this is a great moment. A couple months ago, we were out romping in this
    1:10:31 huge snowstorm and Jack, about 10 minutes into it, we just got on this long search for the right
    1:10:37 carrot to put on to make the snowman with. We found the, the nose. We found it. And then Jack got,
    1:10:40 he was in this huge drift and he got his boots just loaded up with snow and he looked at me
    1:10:43 and he said, “Daddy, my feet are cold. They’re filled, my boots are filled with snow, but that’s
    1:10:48 okay. I’ll just do the Wim Hof and make them warm.” And he looked at him and then he, for an hour and
    1:10:52 a half, we played after that. Feet just covered with snow and he was completely fine. Never mentioned
    1:10:58 it again. And then he got increasingly interested in, in this internal terrain. And we would take
    1:11:01 hot baths together. We’d take a bath together every night. And then he would want to turn on
    1:11:06 the cold shower and get in it. And he would, we’d play what we call the it’s a good game.
    1:11:11 And so we kind of reframe this thing. You know, I have this, you know, people tend to bounce off
    1:11:14 of discomfort, whether it’s mental or physical. And so they run up at, whether if they run into
    1:11:18 internal resistance, whether it’s a meditation training or someone exposing a weakness, or
    1:11:21 if they’re training and someone might be better than them, whatever, whatever it is,
    1:11:26 they bounce away from things that might expose them. They’re repelled from it. Right. Right.
    1:11:30 But, you know, the flip side of this is to learn the way I talk about living on the other side of
    1:11:35 pain, pain being like mental or physical discomfort and much of life that’s so rich comes from the
    1:11:40 other side of it. The other side of challenge, internal or external challenge. And with Jack,
    1:11:45 of course, I’m not using that, but it’s a little child’s embodiment of it. We, we started to play
    1:11:49 with turning on the cold water and he would say, it’s so good dad. And we’d kind of be in the hot
    1:11:54 bath and play in the cold. And he would say, it’s so good. It’s so good. And he began to have this
    1:11:59 gorgeous, blissful smile meditating through it. And we, you know, he would say, I’m meditating
    1:12:05 through it. It’s so good. And we were reframing cold. Cold was, is a metaphor from something
    1:12:09 that you just, you bounce away from to something that you can learn to sit with, to be neutral in,
    1:12:13 to find pleasure in, just like the weather. And then we had this experience the other day where he
    1:12:18 said to me, you know, dad, will you tickle me slowly? And I always tickle me laughs uproariously.
    1:12:22 But we were lying in bed and I was tickling him very slowly. And he was, he said, I’m going to
    1:12:25 do my meditation. He would meditate. And then he said to me, then the next day he said, dad,
    1:12:28 will you tickle me slowly? And I did it. And then he said, can you pick him a little bit faster?
    1:12:32 And I didn’t suggest it to him. He suggested it to me. And then we played this game where we would
    1:12:36 say one to 10. And I would tickle him slowly and he started doing his meditation. And we’d move it
    1:12:41 from one, two, and we’d go up to, he’d like be doing his meditation. And finally I’d be full tilt
    1:12:46 tickling him. He’d normally be in hysterics and he was just sitting there meditating and not laughing.
    1:12:50 And he found this so interesting. And he’s now guiding the process in this, in this beautiful way.
    1:12:56 Now we’re turning it to talking about question. Just to interject. Did you at any point condition
    1:13:02 to him to be proactive in that way? Or was it just an organic now I’m in the driver’s seat?
    1:13:06 I think I encourage him to grab the wheel all the time. I’m in a huge part of my relationship to
    1:13:10 parenting. And this is from my mom. And I watched my mom with Jack. And I think this is maybe the
    1:13:14 greatest gift that my mom gave me is just having a sense of agency in the world. You know, the idea
    1:13:21 that having a sense that I can impact the world. And that my, that my compass really matters.
    1:13:25 Right. So when I grew up, I was, I wasn’t, you know, seen but not heard. I was from, I was five
    1:13:29 and six years old there having adult conversations with friends. And I was part of it. They wanted
    1:13:33 to hear my ideas. And I felt that they mattered. And that’s a big part of how I believe in, and my
    1:13:38 wife and I believe in raising Jack. And so he plays a really active role in everything that we do.
    1:13:43 And so it was sort of a natural thing. And it was all fun and play. I wasn’t pushing any of these
    1:13:47 things on him at all. This is stuff that he wanted to do. But then him naturally, I’ve been,
    1:13:52 I’ve been kind of blown away by how he’s been transferring this stuff over. I mean, lateral
    1:13:55 thinking or thematic thinking, the ability to take a lesson from one thing and transfer it over
    1:14:00 to another, I think is one of the most important disciplines that any of us can cultivate or ways
    1:14:04 of being. And it’s something that Jack and I have from a really young age. We began to cultivate
    1:14:09 this from when he was really small around this principle of go around. Initially it was like,
    1:14:12 the first thing that happened is that he was really tiny. He was trying to get in.
    1:14:16 We were in a little cottage, singing a little cottage on Martha’s Vineyard,
    1:14:21 tiny little cottage in a big field. And he was trying to get in one door and he couldn’t,
    1:14:25 but he could get in the other door. And I said, “Jack, go around.” And he looked at me and he went
    1:14:29 around. And then go around became a language for us physically. If you can’t go one way,
    1:14:32 go around in another way. But then it became a language for us in terms of solving puzzles and
    1:14:36 in terms of any way, time you were running an obstacle, go around. And then working with the
    1:14:42 metaphor of go around opened up this way that we would just have dialogue around connecting things,
    1:14:45 right? Taking away of principle from one thing and applying it to something else.
    1:14:50 And we’ve had a lot of fun with that. And so it’s fascinating to see you, this game little dude,
    1:14:55 if you have this thematic dialogue, principle driven dialogue, and we’re cultivating somatic
    1:14:59 awareness, cultivating the ability to feel these little ripples inside. I mean, Jack’s telling me
    1:15:05 his dreams in this beautiful way. He tells me how his emotions feel in his body. It’s a great
    1:15:09 journey. I’m learning so much from him. There’s a book you’ve mentioned to me a number of times,
    1:15:14 or at the very least a researcher, and I’m probably going to massacre this name as well.
    1:15:19 Is it Carol Dweck getting that right? Mindset? Yeah, Carol Dweck mindset. Yeah. Yeah. Entity
    1:15:23 theories of intelligence versus incremental or growth mindset. Yeah, Carol Dweck is one of the
    1:15:27 most important foundational developmental psychologists, I think, around this distinction
    1:15:35 of a fixed perspective on how good somebody is. Let’s frame it like this. Most children,
    1:15:41 unfortunately, are educated to believe that they have a certain ingrained level of ability in things.
    1:15:46 You are smart, you’re dumb, you’re effigy. Right. And they’re told, and the sad thing is that when
    1:15:50 they are even when they’re praised, they’re told how smart they are, right? Or you’re such a good
    1:15:55 writer, you’re so good at math, and the kids will say, I’m smart at this or I’m dumb at that, right?
    1:16:00 And so, but if you’re very smart at one thing, then that means that if you fail, then you must
    1:16:06 be dumb at it. And so, it becomes very static. And the kids are often quite brittle when they
    1:16:10 have a fixed mindset, right? Or an entity theory of intelligence. Well, a growth mindset or a
    1:16:14 mastery oriented mindset is one where we understand that the path to mastery involves
    1:16:21 incremental growth. We don’t have an ingrained level of ability at something. We’re going to have
    1:16:25 successes and failures. We’re going to work at things. And it’s work, it’s practice. And it’s
    1:16:29 an open-mindedness to life experiences that makes us succeed. How would the praise differ?
    1:16:34 You would praise a kid for the process versus the outcome. And so, you would say, I’m so proud of
    1:16:40 how hard you worked at your math, not you’re so smart at math. Or if someone, if someone has a
    1:16:44 failure, the other side of it is not to say that, don’t worry about it, you’re just not good at math,
    1:16:48 you’d do something else. It’s to say, well, how can we practice at this to get better? And so,
    1:16:52 we’re focusing on the process and not the outcome. That’s like the fundamental principle. And it’s
    1:16:57 so easy to say it, but it’s very hard for people to live it as parents, especially if they don’t
    1:17:02 embody it themselves. What you see often with kids and parents is that the parents, they have an
    1:17:06 entity theory of intelligence themselves. They’re fixed, they’re stuck. But they’ve read the material
    1:17:09 of Carol Dweck or somebody else, they want to parent their kids around a growth mindset. But
    1:17:14 the kids see what they embody, not what they say. So we have to embody it. I mean, one of the most
    1:17:18 important things that I think that we do with my foundation and our work with schools, with programs
    1:17:22 around the world is that we, when we’re working with teachers, it’s not just this is the material
    1:17:26 you should teach your students, it’s working with these core principles and embodying it
    1:17:31 themselves first. And then, through that embodied intelligence, working with the kids and how they
    1:17:36 can embody it. You have to walk the talk. Let’s go back to what you said should go back to at some
    1:17:42 point, which is somatic sensitivity, those sort of dimples of light in the darkness that most
    1:17:50 people overlook. How do you train that? Well, thematically, the first thing I would say is that
    1:17:53 we need to think about cultivating an internal locus of control or an internal orientation versus
    1:17:58 an external one, right? So as an artist or performer, we have all these external pressures
    1:18:03 on us. Let’s say, for example, again, let’s talk about investors again, or say investor is running
    1:18:08 a $1 billion investment vehicle, and they have partners, they have people who invest in that,
    1:18:12 and they have to write investment letters, they have all the partners, say they have 30 or 40
    1:18:16 or 50 partners who are institutions, maybe endowments, educational endowments, charities,
    1:18:22 whatever, who have put their money into this investment vehicle. And maybe that person has
    1:18:27 his own money as well or her own money in this investment vehicle. Well, for them to be successful,
    1:18:31 they have to operate from the inside out. They have to bring out the essence of who they are
    1:18:36 as a performer, like we’re discussing, or as a human being, to bring that out through their art.
    1:18:42 But if they are constantly feeling pressured by what others expect from them, what others want
    1:18:47 from them, how they’ll be perceived, or how people are looking at their Facebook post or
    1:18:55 how their tweet is being responded to, tweet, that’s what it is. It’s so interesting for me,
    1:19:00 watching people watch their Instagram accounts, I see it with buddies all the time. It’s natural,
    1:19:06 it’s completely human. But then we’re aware of how we’re perceived. One of the major reasons that
    1:19:09 I stay away from these things is because I can feel how susceptible I am to this stuff. You
    1:19:15 publish a book and it’s on Amazon, it’s so hard not to go look at the Amazon numbers. And then
    1:19:18 the book comes out and you’re tracking them, even if you know it’s ridiculous and you shouldn’t
    1:19:22 be doing it. Now, someone like you, you’re such a world class and you’ve so systematically
    1:19:26 trained at and cultivated the ability to market these things. This is actually a very important
    1:19:31 scientific input for you. It’s not for most authors. Most authors is an addiction. So that’s
    1:19:35 a completely different point in my opinion. You’re actually gathering data and using it. Most people
    1:19:40 are just constantly feeling… Tapping the vein. Right, tapping the vein. So with investors, what
    1:19:45 this often relates to is P&L checking, profit and loss checking. So most investors check P&L
    1:19:49 hundreds of times a day. In fact, it’s constantly because it’s on their screen all the time.
    1:19:53 And so having these little adrenal hits all the time, whether it’s dopamine or cortisol,
    1:19:57 whether they’re making money or losing money, they’re constantly bouncing off of these things.
    1:20:04 That’s the ultimate external orientation. So if you think about internal plus proactive versus
    1:20:09 external plus reactive, this is how I would tend to frame this out. We want to build a proactive
    1:20:14 way of life that’s fundamentally moved from the inside out versus a reactive way of life. We’re
    1:20:18 constantly reacting to all of these inputs, which we may or may not want. And where we’re
    1:20:24 constantly beleaguered by or oppressed by a sense of how we’re going to be perceived, social pressures.
    1:20:29 Right? And so when you’re talking about a really high level artist who might have a really subtle
    1:20:33 intuition about something and they should listen to that intuition or they should at least deconstruct
    1:20:38 that intuition and investigate it and see if it’s the right way to go. But they’re aware that that
    1:20:44 intuition might not be perceived as impressive by others. The problem is that the others usually
    1:20:48 aren’t world-class artists. They’re the armchair professors. They’re the philosophologists.
    1:20:53 And so you have the man in the arena who’s compromised by a sense of self-consciousness
    1:20:58 of how the critics are going to perceive him or her, which is ridiculous because it’s like an A
    1:21:04 player thinking about the approval of a C player. And that’s disastrous. That’s external orientation.
    1:21:08 That’s like thinking that we’re going to get food poisoning from something, that something’s off,
    1:21:14 and then dismissing it because of… I mean, first of all, there’s the incredibly subtle sense of how
    1:21:17 strongly intuition is. No one else at that table there. And we had some pretty high-level dudes
    1:21:20 sitting at that table that had that feeling that we were about to eat something that had food poisoning.
    1:21:24 Right? So it was very subtle. You had a very subtle sense. It wasn’t bang you over the head.
    1:21:28 Right? And then there’s the feeling of the social pressures and everything. It’s a very
    1:21:33 interesting subtle example. The subtle pressures were louder in that case than the really subtle
    1:21:38 intuition that you had. And then there’s having the attitude of, I don’t care about the social
    1:21:43 pressures, but that’s really hard. Which I was able to do a third of the way through, but not before.
    1:21:48 Right. I think you’re actually really… In my observation, you’re really evolved with this. I
    1:21:54 mean, you have so much external pressure and external awareness on you. I’m consistently
    1:21:59 finding it stunning and impressive how you’re able to embrace your funk, how to live a life that
    1:22:04 is attuned to your inner ripples. I mean, I think it’s actually rather unique. I think it’s a core
    1:22:09 strength of yours in my opinion. Thanks, Ben. I think that one element that’s been very helpful
    1:22:19 in trying to mitigate the risks and dangers in the paradox of trying to be introspective while
    1:22:26 having a very public-facing life is stoicism. And I remember reading at one point, I want to say it
    1:22:33 was Cato, who was considered by his contemporaries and his successors in stoic thought leadership
    1:22:39 to be the perfect stoic in a lot of respects. And I’m going to get the colors wrong here, but he
    1:22:47 would deliberately… I think it was a blue tunic as opposed to a purple tunic to encourage people
    1:22:51 to ridicule him because he wanted to be embarrassed about only those things worth being embarrassed
    1:22:59 about. So, training himself not to be overly sensitized to the critiques of the C players
    1:23:04 around him. So, I constantly… I remember, for instance, this is such a silly example,
    1:23:10 but I was just in Montana and I went into the ski shop to get some light gloves just for walking
    1:23:14 around, not for skiing. And I looked at the whole rack and I was like, “Ooh, I like these.” And they
    1:23:21 were like the most ridiculous Dr. Seuss-striped nonsense gloves you’ve ever seen. They will not
    1:23:25 match with anything, just ludicrous looking. And I asked the woman at the front desk, I’m like,
    1:23:28 “What do you think of these?” Or, “Should I get a different one?” She’s like, “I think you should
    1:23:31 get the black ones.” And I thought about it. I sat there and I thought about it. I was like,
    1:23:37 “Nope, I’m getting the Dr. Seuss gloves.” And that expresses itself for me in a lot of different
    1:23:42 places because I will, for instance, do… And this is not something I recommend to everybody.
    1:23:47 So caveat, Ampitor, you can’t be… You’re in control of your own life. So, if you do this,
    1:23:53 you can face some dire consequences. But I’ll do drunk Q&As on Facebook and I’ll have a bunch
    1:23:56 of booze and I’ll go on. Something will come out that will embarrass me, but it’s not going to be
    1:24:04 life-destroying. And so it’s kind of systematically create an environment in which I feel like I
    1:24:09 don’t have a reputation to protect, which is another reason why I talk about the psychedelics.
    1:24:15 And I’ll talk very openly about monogamy versus non-monogamy. And I’ll throw all these things
    1:24:20 out there to basically ensure, A, that I never become a politician. And, B, that I don’t feel
    1:24:27 like I have a fixed identity to cling to that I need to protect because I see how disastrous that
    1:24:32 can be. That’s really powerful. You know, the fire of competition plays that role as well.
    1:24:37 I mean, you look at people who compete. Let’s talk about martial artists. So, I own a Brazilian
    1:24:41 school with Marcelo Garcia. We’ve discussed Marcelo a lot. Definitely. And just as I mentioned,
    1:24:48 creating chaos and training yourself to operate optimally in chaos compared to others. And,
    1:24:52 of course, Marcelo, who’s what, ten-time? Nine-time? Yeah, nine-time. World champion
    1:24:57 is the master of scramble. Yeah, they call him the king of the scramble. Right. The king of the
    1:25:01 scramble. I mean, he’s the greatest transitional player in the history of sport, maybe. He’s
    1:25:07 incredible. I mean, the essence of his game is to not hold, to allow people to move and to,
    1:25:12 again, embrace the chaos and get there first. He just has cultivated the transition so systematically
    1:25:16 that he has ten frames in a transition where somebody else will just be moving from one position
    1:25:21 to the next. But that transition itself is something which is like, that’s his ocean. It’s a beautiful
    1:25:24 thing to see. But if you look at the school, Marcelo runs the school so beautifully. And we’ve
    1:25:29 got, at this point, a lot of world-class competitors. A lot of school tends to win pretty much all the
    1:25:32 tournaments. A lot of the guys who you’ve trained with, with the Tim Ferriss experiment, that was
    1:25:38 hilarious. Oh my god. That was awesome. Day one. I’m like, “Okay, I think I broke my rib.” He did
    1:25:41 great, man. You did great. That was pretty. Guys, you should check that out. That was pretty. The
    1:25:46 TV show. If you want to see me get my ass handed to me and have a great time training with guys like
    1:25:53 John Stava, who’s an incredible athlete and teacher, that’s a TV show worth checking out.
    1:25:57 Well, if you look at the learning curve of the people in the school, the ones who put themselves
    1:26:00 in the line as a way of life, just learn much faster than the ones who are protecting their
    1:26:07 egos, right? Most schools, what happens is someone gets good and then they have to win to protect
    1:26:12 their status as being very good or dominant. It usually happens with martial arts instructors,
    1:26:17 which is that they reach a certain level, they open a school, they get a little bit older,
    1:26:20 they get a little fatter, they have a reputation, so they stop training because they don’t want to
    1:26:24 be exposed by the young students who are coming up and they sit in the sideline, but their egos
    1:26:30 get increasingly large but riddled with insecurity and this brittleness tends to then splay down to
    1:26:35 the students and the whole school becomes a joke, right? Versus, you know, Marcello, the way Marcello
    1:26:39 runs our school is so magnificent. Everyone’s on the mat training so hard as a way of life.
    1:26:44 Everyone’s on a world-class growth curve and it’s very interesting to observe who the top
    1:26:49 competitors pick out when they’re five rounds into the sparring sessions and they’re completely
    1:26:53 gassed. The ones who are in the deepest growth curve look for the hardest guy there, the one who
    1:26:56 beat them up, who might beat them up, while others will look for someone they can take a break on,
    1:27:02 right? And so there’s that constant search for exposure. That’s kind of a parallel to what
    1:27:09 you’re describing in terms of not having an ego to protect or you said not having a reputation
    1:27:12 to protect. Yeah, a fixed identity to protect. Right, so this is a way as a competitor to
    1:27:17 constantly put yourself into the fire. Here’s a question I have for you because I feel like
    1:27:21 particularly in jiu-jitsu I could get better at this. You remember when we did that one day,
    1:27:27 we had the gi on and you’re like, “Timbo, your lips are purple. I thought I was going to die.
    1:27:31 I thought I was going to have a heat stroke and have to be carted off.” But is it correlation
    1:27:37 or causation? Meaning are the guys who on round five pick the hardest guy in the room?
    1:27:44 Have they already self-selected by coming to this school in a sense or did they start off perhaps
    1:27:48 when they walked in the door, the guy who would pick the easiest person in the room at round five
    1:27:53 and have been converted into the guy who will pick the hardest person?
    1:28:00 You see both. You see both. In the latter case, how do they cultivate that transition?
    1:28:04 I think that Marcello is a great role model. I think it’s a good, I mean, it’s a fantastic
    1:28:09 metaphor for life. You need this everywhere. 100%. I mean, I think that we think about this
    1:28:13 principle of cultivating quality as a way of life and the big things and the little things and you
    1:28:18 look at the way Marcello runs that training environment is pretty exceptional. I mean,
    1:28:20 if people don’t have… He puts his ass on the line all the time.
    1:28:25 His ass is on the line all the time and he’s getting a little bit older. He has two kids
    1:28:31 and he’s a wonderful dad. His life is not just 100% Jiu Jitsu anymore. He has all of these,
    1:28:35 you know, young 20s at this point, world-class students who want to go at it hard with him
    1:28:39 and he goes at it hard with them. He wants to. He doesn’t mind getting exposed. He brings it.
    1:28:43 He’s living it, but he’s also creating an environment where people are present to quality
    1:28:47 and little things. If someone is, it doesn’t have their gi on straight. If they haven’t tied
    1:28:51 their belt, if they’re sitting in a way that’s sloppy, what happens? He tells them to straighten
    1:28:56 their gi. I love that. I love that. When people are doing the warm-up, if they’re cutting the
    1:29:00 corner a little bit, he tells them to run the full circle. If people are doing a certain drill
    1:29:05 in a sloppy way, he refines it. It’s the little things, right? And as you watch Marcello doing
    1:29:09 the warm-up, there’s a way that he’ll have his hand and just brush against the mat as he passes it.
    1:29:15 Like you can feel him engaging his tactile, feeling for the room. He’s someone who embodies and teaches
    1:29:19 qualities a way of life. So if you’re in your fourth or fifth round and you are looking for a
    1:29:25 way out, you feel that you’re fundamentally violating this principle which you’ve been cultivating.
    1:29:29 Right. Attending it to the school. Right. And you know, this is so important. We think about
    1:29:36 a core part of how I train people is around the interplay of themes or principles and habits.
    1:29:39 The habits are what we can actually train at. The principle is what we’re trying to embody.
    1:29:44 And so we’ll train it two or three or four or five habits, which are the embodiment of a core
    1:29:47 principle. But the idea is to burn the principle into the hundreds of manifestations of that
    1:29:50 principle become our way of life. And so in this case, we’re talking about,
    1:29:55 Marcello talking about or embodying the principle of quality in all these little ways.
    1:29:58 These little ways you could say don’t matter, but they add up to matter hugely.
    1:30:02 Oh, I think the little things are the big things, right? Because they’re a reflection. I mean,
    1:30:05 this might sound cliched, but it’s like how you do anything is how you do everything.
    1:30:09 It’s such a beautiful and critical principle. And most people think they can wait around
    1:30:14 for the big moments to turn it on. But if you don’t cultivate turning it on as a way of life,
    1:30:17 the little moments, there’s hundreds of times more little moments than big,
    1:30:22 and there’s no chance in the big ones. Yeah. Okay. So if people listening don’t take
    1:30:28 anything else from this interview, I think that’s so key to who you are. It’s so key to why you’ve
    1:30:33 been good at what you’ve been good at. That’s it right there. Here, let me mangle another name
    1:30:38 since that seems to be one of our themes for the show. This episode is, I think it’s Archelechus,
    1:30:43 Archelechus perhaps. I’m going to get this wrong, but it was a quote, got to be a Roman,
    1:30:48 maybe a Greek who knows, who said, “We do not raise the level of our hopes. We fall to the
    1:30:54 level of our training.” Yeah. And you can’t just do one every five years waiting for the
    1:30:58 big event. You’re not going to have the training necessary.
    1:31:03 As a principle that I’ve been thinking about a lot around parenting, you see so often people
    1:31:08 with their second child are not as present. Unfortunately, in today’s world, people are
    1:31:13 often not present with their first child either. I was taking a walk yesterday with a dear friend
    1:31:17 of mine in Central Park at dusk. We were just talking about what other ideas we’ve been thinking
    1:31:25 about. And we walked past this woman who had three children in a stroller and was walking her dog,
    1:31:29 and the children were all talking to her. And she was on the cell phone having a conversation with
    1:31:33 a friend. And it wasn’t like a quick, it was like a long gossipy conversation. And I was just watching
    1:31:39 this. It was an exquisite external environment, like the embodiment of distraction. Three children
    1:31:44 in a dog, the children looking, trying to pull her, but she was just in this other world. We
    1:31:48 think about the distraction of parenting. And then you think about what often happens with
    1:31:52 parents with the first child, they’re completely tapped in because this is all new, they’re present.
    1:31:57 And the second child, they just will relatively neglect. We see that all the time. I’m thinking
    1:32:00 about this a lot because we’re about to have our second child. And so I’m thinking about how
    1:32:04 important it is to not take for granted the things that you’ve done right and think they’ll just be
    1:32:10 there because they’re not going to be there unless you’re present, equally present. And we see this
    1:32:16 in the martial arts as someone who trains twice a day, you know, as a way of life for 10 years,
    1:32:20 training until they drop and doing external training as well with strength and conditioning
    1:32:24 and stretching and everything else. And then they get to a place where they’re consistently
    1:32:28 winning. And then they think they can train seven times a week instead of 10. And it’ll be the same.
    1:32:33 It’s not the same. Like that’s what it shows. There’s something incredible about going into
    1:32:39 competition, knowing that there’s no way that anyone else trained as hard or as good as you,
    1:32:44 as smart, right? There’s nothing about training quantitatively, there’s nothing about training
    1:32:48 qualitatively, right? The confidence that comes out of knowing in any discipline that you’re at,
    1:32:52 that you gave it your all, that when I work with someone, I say that, you know, one of my many
    1:32:57 filters is looking at someone in the eye and saying that working with me is living as if you’re
    1:33:01 training qualitatively as if in a world championship training camp, qualitatively. But I look at them
    1:33:05 in the eye and some people, you see a fear, you see the fear of exposure. Other people,
    1:33:09 you see a lean in, an eagerness, a gameness, a hunger for what that exposure will lead to,
    1:33:16 right? Those are two very, very different paths. Maintaining presence to that quality even after
    1:33:20 we’ve assumed that we’ve got it now, right? You see this with people around presence. You see,
    1:33:26 there’s so much bullshit in the meditation world, for example. So much bullshit. Because people
    1:33:30 might have meditated wonderfully for four or five years or six years or eight years and years,
    1:33:34 but then they get ego involved with it. They put together their schools and they’re not embodying
    1:33:38 it anymore. And then it becomes hollow. That kind of slipped from the philosopher to the
    1:33:41 philosophologist without even knowing that it happened. They weren’t even present to the question.
    1:33:48 Firewalking process. Yeah, that’s important. What is the firewalking process? This is new
    1:33:52 to me too. I’m not sure I’ve heard you discuss this. Yeah, this is something I’ve been really
    1:33:57 for the last year and a half or so developing intensely. I think it’s been a core part of
    1:34:01 my process for a long time, but training people. I’ve been on this really intense learning curve
    1:34:07 on how to work with people on this. So the core to the principle is that people tend to learn from
    1:34:12 their own experiences with much more potency than they learn from other people’s experiences.
    1:34:19 And the firewalking process is what I call, that’s my term for a gateway to cultivating the ability
    1:34:26 to learn with the same physiological intensity from other people’s experiences as we learn from
    1:34:30 our own. So for example, if you’re a jiu-jitsu fighter and you slightly overextend your arm and
    1:34:35 you get armbarred, and let’s say in the world championships, your arm is being separated from
    1:34:38 your body. You feel like your shoulder is disconnecting, your arm is breaking. If you don’t tap,
    1:34:41 you’re going to break. So you have the combination and often guys will fight it. They won’t want to
    1:34:47 tap. It’s the world. So they’ll have the combination of huge disappointment, all the adrenal reactions
    1:34:53 to being caught and having being wounded and maybe torn ligaments or tendons, depending on how the
    1:34:58 injury sets in or maybe a bone. And they will burn that lesson to themselves and they will not
    1:35:02 overextend their arm that way again. That’s been burned in on an animalistic level. But if they
    1:35:05 watch somebody fighting and they watch them overextend and get caught on armbar, that’s just
    1:35:09 like nothing. That’s an intellectual knowledge that has no impact on whether or not they’ll overextend.
    1:35:15 But if we can cultivate the ability to learn from other people’s errors or experiences with the same
    1:35:18 intensity as we can learn from our own, it’s unbelievable how that can steep in the learning
    1:35:24 curve. What would be an example of that beyond Jiu Jitsu? Well, for example, a really interesting
    1:35:29 live example that I’m playing with today is that we are working actively with investors
    1:35:37 is that we are a brilliant investor recently used the term the Pavlovian impact or the Pavlovian
    1:35:42 influences have grown up in a bull market. So most investors, most relatively young investors,
    1:35:50 grew up in a post 2008 world. So all of their subtle responses have come from growing up in
    1:35:53 a bull market. So for the most part, they’ve experienced pleasure when they put the foot on
    1:35:56 the gas and they’ve experienced pain when they’re taking the foot off the gas. For the most part,
    1:36:01 it’s oversimplified. It’s really interesting to sit down and think about all of the cognitive
    1:36:06 biases, all of the subtle associations that come with growing up in a bull market. Now,
    1:36:08 traditionally, what people will say is you have to live through certain business cycles,
    1:36:12 you have to school of hard knocks, right? We have to learn from the pain of the other side.
    1:36:19 But can you take a highly talented young investor who has grown up in a bull market and give them
    1:36:23 the wisdom? You think about the journey from pre-consciousness to post-consciousness competitor
    1:36:28 around a certain theme, give them the wisdom of living through many market cycles when they
    1:36:32 haven’t, right? So then you can deconstruct systematically, what does a bear market look
    1:36:35 like? Now, I’m not sure if we’re in the beginning of a bear market now, but let’s just say that
    1:36:40 we are maybe in the first or second inning of a bear market now. Maybe we’re in the tail,
    1:36:45 like the eighth or ninth innings of a bull market. Maybe we’re in the ninth inning of a bull market
    1:36:48 and we’re going to see some huge round of intervention and we’re going to go into extra
    1:36:51 innings of a bull market, right? No one really knows. Maybe there’s some other dynamic at play.
    1:36:55 Even the great macroeconomists don’t know, but they have a sense through this deep study of
    1:37:00 either macroeconomics or valuation. But we are at one point someday, relatively soon,
    1:37:03 we’ll probably enter a bear market. So it’s going to be very important. And so if you haven’t lived
    1:37:07 through one, one thing you can do is you can deconstruct what a bear market looks like,
    1:37:10 and you can have them fire walk it. And so what that means is suddenly all of the,
    1:37:16 and a bear market doesn’t just mean going down. It actually means the subtle undulation of,
    1:37:20 it’s often going down for three weeks and then a really steep two week rally and then going down
    1:37:24 again for three weeks and two week rally. So people often even bear, people who are betting,
    1:37:28 think the market will go down, get really hurt in bear markets, right? Because it’s violent.
    1:37:33 It’s, there’s a volatility to it. Volatility. Yeah. Right. And so the question is, how can,
    1:37:39 in this case, an investor who’s grown up in a post 2008 world fire walk market cycles,
    1:37:43 so that he can burn that wisdom into himself or herself. And then the question is how you do
    1:37:50 this, right? And so there, a lot of the things that we discussed around physiological awareness,
    1:37:53 right, somatic awareness, cultivating the sensitivity that’s happening inside of us,
    1:37:59 right? What comes with that is the ability to switch state emotionally, adrenally.
    1:38:03 And so if we visualize something very painful to us, if we visualize with tremendous potency,
    1:38:08 we can have a physiological response to that. True, even of exercise training. People who,
    1:38:14 say, take a 10 minute meditation visualization session in lieu of, oh, there we go. All right.
    1:38:17 That means we have to go pick up Jack from school. We have to go pick up Jack, but they
    1:38:21 take a break and keep going. They get the benefits of the exercise in large part just from the
    1:38:26 visualization over 10 minutes, but we have to go grab Jack. And well, to be continued. To be
    1:38:37 continued. Awesome. Okay, so we’re back. We are back. Reclaimed the boy from school, ate some
    1:38:44 Japanese food, talked about life. And now here we are for the continuation, fire walking,
    1:38:48 visualization. We’re going to talk about casts. Let’s continue with fire walking.
    1:38:54 Yes. You were just bringing up the physical dynamics that are possible with intense
    1:38:58 visualization, right? I had this formative experience I wrote about years ago where I
    1:39:05 broke my hand seven weeks before a national championship when I was training in Chinese
    1:39:12 martial arts, push hands. And I was in a cast for six weeks up until I think three days before the
    1:39:17 nationals. And the docs said I couldn’t compete in everything except the atrophied, but I was
    1:39:21 committed to doing it. And it was really interesting because I was just doing all of my training one
    1:39:26 handed and visualizing the weight work that I was doing from on the one side, passing over to the
    1:39:29 other, the weight work, weight work resistance training. Yeah, I was doing some, I was, I was
    1:39:33 doing my martial arts training one handed, which was fascinating on its own to just work on being
    1:39:36 able to do with one hand and what you can do with two. That was tremendous. But I was also
    1:39:41 visualizing the resistance training I was doing on one side, passing over to the other,
    1:39:45 but really intense visualization, not just like thinking it, but burning it in. It’s kind of
    1:39:49 when I move my fire walking, the distinction between kind of thinking about intellectually,
    1:39:55 sort of trying to visualize it or versus burning it in. With every sort of sensory simulation.
    1:40:00 Yeah, like with your whole like spirit burning it in deeply. And it was fascinating to see when
    1:40:04 I took off the cast, I had basically not atrophied and I competed the next two days, three days later
    1:40:08 in one. The doctors, I mean, they were pretty surprised by it. A lot of Western medicine is
    1:40:13 pretty surprised by, I mean, they’re closed-minded about these kinds of things. What would you do
    1:40:20 to translate that to something less obviously physical? Like we were talking about training
    1:40:25 people who’ve never been through a bear market to have the wisdom or the lessons learned of those
    1:40:30 who have been through. So pragmatically, how do you simulate that? Do you have them interview
    1:40:35 someone who’s gone through it and then try to relive those stories through visualization? Or
    1:40:38 what would the process potentially look like? Cultivation of empathy, to be able to do what
    1:40:43 you just described very deeply is one thing. To be able to live someone else’s experience
    1:40:47 profoundly. First of all, we have to really be clear about the distinction between intellectual
    1:40:52 knowledge and somatic knowledge. When we’re having something burned in, there’s an adrenal
    1:40:57 response. So there’s a physiology to having an experience very intensely. We have to learn how
    1:41:03 to create that physiology. So we can do biofeedback training, undulating between states of physiological
    1:41:08 coherence and states of extreme stress, so that we build up the ability to kind of move between
    1:41:13 them at will. And then when we’re studying, for example, the experience of somebody getting burned
    1:41:19 extremely intensely time and again in a bear market during the volatility, the ups and downs of a
    1:41:24 bear market, right? You can look at it and it can feel like just like a chart where you can experience
    1:41:28 the anxiety that comes with it, the pain that comes with it, like the shattering of your previous
    1:41:35 conceptual scheme. You can almost fire walk the experience of the Pavlovian influence of growing
    1:41:39 up in a bull market and then having that shattered. You could fire walk that shattering
    1:41:43 and then open your mind to the reality of the broader cyclicality over the long term. And there’s
    1:41:47 a lot of, in terms of how you do it, the foundation is in a lot of things we’ve been discussing,
    1:41:51 right? Intense meditation training, ways of becoming increasingly attuned to these subtle
    1:41:56 ripples inside your body, stilling your waters, having a lifestyle which is less reactive,
    1:42:04 less input addicted, being really aware of how we fill space addictively in life. Whenever there’s
    1:42:07 empty space, we just fill it as opposed to maintaining the emptiness. And the emptiness is
    1:42:12 where we have the clarity of mind and the perception of these little micro ripples inside of us,
    1:42:17 cultivating the ability to observe in us and in others the subtlest undulations of quality
    1:42:24 or of physiology. Well, you and I talked a lot about maintaining slack and trying to build
    1:42:32 slack into the system and how important that is. I was told by someone, I respect a lot recently,
    1:42:41 find the silence because you have to listen from the silence. And that might sound very vague,
    1:42:46 but I found that if you really meditate on it, I mean, it can apply to just about anything. I mean,
    1:42:51 if you really want to separate the signal from the noise, you need the space to do that.
    1:42:56 Right. It’s such an important principle. You know, this principle of slack
    1:43:00 is so interesting. I mean, for me, a lot of it relates to the empty space
    1:43:04 for the learning process and my way of life. I mean, I’ve built a life around having
    1:43:10 empty space for the development of my ideas for the creative process and for the cultivation
    1:43:15 of a physiological state, which is receptive enough to tune in very, very deeply to people,
    1:43:20 to people I work with. And so like, I can see how I could triple the amount of people that I work with
    1:43:25 very easily with the systems that I have. But my growth curve would get much, it would change
    1:43:30 fundamentally. And my internal physiological training would take a hit, right? I wouldn’t
    1:43:34 have enough time for meditation, for reflection afterwards, for developments of the thematic
    1:43:40 takeaways of every session that I have. And the creative process, it’s so easy to drive for
    1:43:45 efficiency and take for granted the really subtle internal work that it takes to play on that razor’s
    1:43:51 edge. I think in part, it comes back to the limiting of input since selective ignorance that you
    1:43:55 talked about, right? Because if you triple the number of clients you have in a high tech and
    1:44:01 high touch business, you’re going to have to juggle 17 chainsaws instead of two chainsaws.
    1:44:06 And then I’m reacting. I’m not embodying the core principles that we’re working on. And so much of,
    1:44:12 I find really high level training is kind of sort of somatic transmission. You’re embodying
    1:44:16 a certain state, and then you’re helping someone embody that state as well.
    1:44:21 Totally agreed. And I think that if you want a good example of that, just as a relatively new
    1:44:27 dog owner as an adult, you can look at dogs or children who are fundamentally unblocked
    1:44:35 in that somatic read reading ability. And you can see just as you said, like as a parent transmits
    1:44:41 their state of being to their child, despite or with the assistance of whatever they might say.
    1:44:48 Similarly, if you’re interacting adult to adult, you need to sort of return to that state to be
    1:44:53 maximally effective in what you do in particular. And then we’re talking about sort of dancing
    1:44:57 on the razor’s edge. When you’re moving up the growth curve in a certain discipline,
    1:45:03 there’s a lot of things that you can do to reach the first 80th or 90th or 95th percentile
    1:45:07 of something. When you’re talking about the last 0.001%, you’re talking about this,
    1:45:12 these arenas where the greatest insight will be right next to the greatest blunder. You have to
    1:45:16 be willing to go just to just right on that razor’s edge, right? So you think about like,
    1:45:19 I was having this great conversation with the sports psychologist, Michael Gervais,
    1:45:23 a couple of weeks ago, and he used language of thrusting into big waves, right? The experience
    1:45:28 he had to go into like to push himself as a surfer to thrust into big waves. I love that
    1:45:32 expression. But of course, if you’re thrusting into big waves, then you can easily push yourself
    1:45:36 into the wave you shouldn’t take. So big wave surfers have to be able to navigate that just
    1:45:44 the most finely tuned in the moment, just intuitive decision making process of whether the moment is
    1:45:48 just right or whether it’s a moment that will kill you. And then if you’re working with people as a
    1:45:52 coach or as a trainer of people who are navigating that terrain, you have to be in a state where you
    1:45:56 can navigate that terrain. You have to have an embodied state there. And I think that’s a mistake
    1:46:00 that a lot of people make in everything that they do, they just scale. They scale and dilute quality.
    1:46:04 And when they dilute quality, you lose the ability to successfully navigate the razor’s edge. And then
    1:46:08 by definition, you’re probably more destructive than you are helpful. And so when I think about
    1:46:14 training people who are in that place, it’s like 99.9% listening. And ideally, you can make the most
    1:46:21 potent suggestions with the lightest touch feasible. So the notes, I took some notes beforehand here
    1:46:27 or borrowed some notes beforehand. And one of them touches on the principle of scarcity in
    1:46:34 A, habit creation, B, the learning process, C, the creative process. Could you just elaborate on
    1:46:40 the principle of scarcity? So if we think about the idea of subtraction or essentialism or scarcity,
    1:46:46 I mean, you frankly are as good as it gets, in my opinion, at harnessing the principle of scarcity
    1:46:50 in your learning process, learning how to deconstruct something, focusing on what’s
    1:46:55 absolutely most essential and zoning on it, as opposed to just throwing huge amounts of resources
    1:47:03 at things and just having a diluted quality of approach. Most people, when they become successful,
    1:47:06 they have the opportunity to have more resources and they keep on layering more and more resources
    1:47:10 on things. And so they’re not very potent in how they go about things. If you cut those resources
    1:47:14 down 99%, then you find yourself just zoning on what’s most essential. And then if you can
    1:47:19 learn to add resources incrementally, maintaining that potency, it’s incredible what you can do.
    1:47:23 But it takes a lot of discipline to maintain that principle of scarcity. So in habit creation,
    1:47:28 taking on the right amount, not too much, not too little, but not too much. People tend to think
    1:47:32 about layering on, you know, they get excited when they realize, if I go through a diagnostic
    1:47:36 process and we realize that there’s 10 areas they can take on, they want to take on all of them at
    1:47:41 once, right? You can really take on one or two things at once. Ideally, one theme, then you take
    1:47:44 on two or three manifestations of that theme to burn that theme on, then you keep on layering.
    1:47:48 In the creative process, I mean, you talk about limiting inputs, right? We’ve been talking about
    1:47:51 limiting inputs. Positive constraints, yeah. Right, positive constraints. Listen,
    1:47:53 me speaking about this principle to you, I mean, you embody this principle.
    1:47:56 Profounder, what are your thoughts on it? Well, there are a few things just to
    1:48:03 maybe add a couple of anecdotes to what you just said. The first thing that came to mind was
    1:48:08 quote, and I’m going to butcher this, but it’s from Jack Ma of Alibaba who said,
    1:48:12 you know, in the beginning, we had an advantage. We had no experience, no business plan and no
    1:48:18 money. So it forced us to make all of our decisions very carefully. And I do think that
    1:48:24 people tend to, and I’m also borrowing this, overestimate what they can accomplish in a week
    1:48:30 and underestimate what they can accomplish in a year, which leads to theoretically appealing
    1:48:38 decisions like trying to adopt 10 new behaviors at once that are kind of hour-wise and year-foolish
    1:48:45 in the sense that they’re doomed to fail from the outset in many respects. And to your point also
    1:48:49 about scaling, you know, I friends would call this the S word because it’s romanticized,
    1:48:55 kind of a worshipped notion in Silicon Valley. Scale, scale, scale. You’ve got to be bigger,
    1:49:01 hire more people, ship more product. And if you are looking to kind of optimize your craft,
    1:49:08 your art, that may or may not be the right path to doing that. And to my mind, you need to look at
    1:49:14 exemplars or you can look at examples of people who have scaled who are still critics of scaling,
    1:49:19 in the sense that Bill Gates, I believe, said, you know, if you add people to an inefficient
    1:49:24 process, it just makes the problem worse. You have to add people to an efficient process.
    1:49:32 And to that end, like whether you are looking to build a, for instance, lifestyle business,
    1:49:36 like a healthy cash flow based business that represents in some way your craft,
    1:49:41 let’s just say you make, this is a real example, actually like 20 customized
    1:49:50 rifles a year. That’s all you do. And you sell to the top 0.001% of marksmen in the United States.
    1:49:54 You never ship more than that. That’s the constraint that you apply.
    1:50:00 Whether you’re trying to do that or build Microsoft, that lesson can apply,
    1:50:04 whether it’s adding one person or adding the next 1000 people. So for me,
    1:50:08 I think it’s very easy to create a false dichotomy in your mind when you look at, say,
    1:50:14 a small scale craftsman who’s perhaps like making, let’s just say,
    1:50:23 oil paintings in rural Alaska versus a startup in Silicon Valley with 1000 employees and think
    1:50:28 them as totally different. But in fact, if you look at the top performers in either environment,
    1:50:32 they’ll have a lot in common with each other. And I think one of those commonalities is applying
    1:50:36 a lot of positive constraints, even when you have an embarrassment of resources available.
    1:50:39 And we think about this in terms of the creative process.
    1:50:44 One of the most important things to train is the ability to ask the right question,
    1:50:49 to know where to look. And if you look at people in most creative fields who are extremely high
    1:50:54 level versus in currently lower fields, it’s knowing what the most critical area is for thinking.
    1:51:02 Yeah, think over this principle of scarcity. One of the ways that I have myself trained at this
    1:51:07 in the creative process or harness the principle of scarcity, and I have everyone who I work with
    1:51:14 live in this routine, is forcing yourself to end of each day, think about what the most important
    1:51:17 question is and what you’re working. We discussed this last time. It’s really interesting because
    1:51:20 you’re studying complexity all the time. And if you’re a really high level think you’re slicing
    1:51:24 through most of it like butter, but then there’s usually one or two or three areas of stuckness.
    1:51:28 And most people I find tend to live in the creative process by kind of surfacing,
    1:51:31 deciding where they want to go, putting their head down and just grinding their way toward it,
    1:51:36 and then surfacing later on. They don’t surface enough to reflect on what’s the most potent
    1:51:40 direction to go. You think about like the human versus the computer playing chess 10 years ago.
    1:51:44 Now the computers are getting really good at knowing where to look. But 10 years ago,
    1:51:48 the human knew that one of these two or three directions was the right essential direction.
    1:51:51 Intuitively, we sense that, right? And we cultivate the ability to know where to look.
    1:51:54 The computer had to look at everything. If we’re looking at everything, then we’re just operating
    1:51:58 like really, really bad computers. But if we cultivate the ability to ask the most potent
    1:52:03 question systematically, right? So how do we do this? Well, we have a routine where we end
    1:52:06 each work day thinking, what’s the most important question in what I’m doing right now?
    1:52:10 Pose the question to the unconscious and wake up first in the morning and brainstorm on it.
    1:52:13 Do you have them pose it again? No, actually, I think it’s pretty important not to do that.
    1:52:17 Because then we’re kind of consciously ruminating on it. I have them. Hopefully,
    1:52:20 they haven’t thought about it for a few hours before they go to bed. This is the one Hemingway
    1:52:24 wrote about in his writing process really beautifully. Yeah, Hemingway would stop writing
    1:52:31 mid-sense and provide a foothold for continuing the next day. Right, which we could also look at
    1:52:35 from the framing of that internal versus external framing, right? If you’re kind of held by a sense
    1:52:38 of guilt, whenever you’re not working, then you’re going to feel like you have to write everything
    1:52:42 you have to write. But if you’re nurturing from the inside out, your creative process,
    1:52:45 you’re going to be comfortable stopping with a sense of direction, even when you’re mid-sentence
    1:52:50 or mid-paragraph, right? When I’ve talked to people who have started journaling successfully for the
    1:52:59 first time, the most consistent pattern that I see is I write less than I feel I can each day.
    1:53:06 They’re never pushing to max capacity or feeling like they’re pushing to max. They always write
    1:53:11 less than they feel they should write. Right, that’s very interesting. That’s very interesting.
    1:53:16 And if we think about taking this and then turning it into a systematic training of the
    1:53:20 ability to be potent in the creative process, if we’re working on a given project and we’re
    1:53:24 reflecting on what’s the most important question here. And we’re journaling on it in the brainstorming
    1:53:28 in the morning. We’re doing a lot of things. We’re opening the channel systematically between
    1:53:31 the conscious and the unconscious mind. We’re waking up in the morning and beginning our day
    1:53:35 proactively, all of these things which we discussed in the past. Then if you sit back
    1:53:40 after, say, a month and you look back at your, say, three or four or five journals,
    1:53:46 brainstorms, Q&As are on a given subject. And you think about, okay, so in the moment,
    1:53:50 this is what I thought was most potent. But now I realize this, in fact, would have been most potent.
    1:53:55 What’s the gap? Deconstruct the gap between your understanding, then your understanding now,
    1:54:00 and then design your training process around deconstructing that gap and training at what
    1:54:06 that gap revealed. It’s a really powerful way for individuals. What assumptions underlie that
    1:54:11 gap, the creation of the gap or that blindspot. That misperception about what was most important.
    1:54:17 And so you’re training yourself day in and day out, like water, to be an increasingly potent,
    1:54:20 and that this is manifesting scarcity, and that we are forcing ourselves, no matter how many
    1:54:25 resources we have, to think about what is the most important question and what I’m working on
    1:54:34 right now. Do you journal every day? Yes. When do you journal? I journal throughout. So I
    1:54:40 I’ll wake up in the morning, meditate, take a cold, then hot, cold, undulation shower,
    1:54:46 and then meditate. And then I will journal. I’ve had periods where I’ve just moved right,
    1:54:49 especially when I was working in Lucidream, where I’d move straight from sleep into journaling. But
    1:54:53 that’s my rhythm today. And then when I have insights throughout the day, I’ll do quick journals
    1:54:59 about them. And then after I have sessions with clients, I’ll do a journaling session on the
    1:55:03 most important takeaways. Do you do that in a notebook, or do you do it digitally? I do it
    1:55:07 on Evernote. And then I tag everything thematically, which is hugely important for me. I have all of
    1:55:13 my journals and all of the resources, you know, that I find valuable, tagged thematically, and
    1:55:17 through habits in the language of my training process. And so this is incredibly powerful for
    1:55:22 being able to give people resources for me reviewing the ideas without having recency bias
    1:55:27 impede how I communicate. Can you say that one more time? So if I have a client who I think has to
    1:55:30 work on a certain theme, and I want to give them resources, they can read on it, I can just click
    1:55:34 on the tag on Evernote and all of the resources, things that I’ve written and things that I’ve
    1:55:39 read circling that theme are right there. And it’s also really powerful because it’s really hard to
    1:55:43 overcome recency bias. I see without recency bias, right, meaning like the primacy and recency effect.
    1:55:47 So you’re recalling what it is you read most recently, not necessarily the best resource.
    1:55:51 Right. And not necessarily the foundation of my relationship to the theme. And you want to
    1:55:54 communicate it from the, you know, what someone has learned from the foundation up. So really
    1:55:58 powerful. The tagging, I mean, I find on, I’m sure Evernote isn’t the, I’m not a big tech wizard,
    1:56:03 as you know, but just, just to put this in perspective. So we were looking for, well, we,
    1:56:07 I’m using the Royal Weed. Josh was looking for dinosaur train for like 10 minutes. And then
    1:56:11 he’s like, you know what, I think I’m going to search this thing. And I was like, and you say
    1:56:20 you’re not good at tech. It was a good showing. No, I was, that was a big discovery. And then
    1:56:26 Jack’s like, there’s dinosaur train. Amazing how this search function works. Should we talk about
    1:56:32 thematic interconnectedness? Yes, let’s talk about it. I’d love to talk about in the context of
    1:56:36 education a little bit. This is one of the thematic interconnectedness is one of, maybe that’s the
    1:56:40 essence of my relationship to the world or beyond. I think it’s, I mean, you and I have
    1:56:46 as our eccentric conversations all over the world on surfboards and wherever else. This has been a
    1:56:50 big topic for us, right? Yeah. It’s been a huge part of how I’ve approached learning, you know,
    1:56:55 from my foundation and looking at the relationships between chess and life, learning about life
    1:57:00 through chess, then in transferring level over from chess into the martial arts and then first
    1:57:05 Chinese martial arts and into Brazilian jiu jitsu. And then when I work with people, it’s really
    1:57:09 how I learn. And it’s how I’ve found it’s really powerful to help people amplify their growth curves
    1:57:14 to teach them to be able to learn the many from the few or from the one, right? Learn the macro
    1:57:18 from the micro break down the boundaries between disparate pursuits or disparate parts of life,
    1:57:22 but between the personal, the professional, the technical and the psychological. And if we have
    1:57:27 an experience where, you know, we’re on surfboards and we have some little thematic breakthrough
    1:57:31 and we can apply it to every other aspect of our life. It’s really interesting what can happen because
    1:57:34 we’re pretty well calloused over in our areas of strength, but in areas where we’re
    1:57:38 less advanced, we can be more raw and we might be more conducive to breakthrough sometimes.
    1:57:43 Oh, 100%. I mean, you can see things with beginner’s mind because you have another choice.
    1:57:50 Right. You don’t have to try to simulate beginner’s mind because you are a beginner. It’s like the
    1:57:55 race to the bottom experience. And so for those who are wondering what the hell that means,
    1:58:01 the race to the bottom is an expression that Eric of Paddlewoo, our paddled surfing instructor,
    1:58:09 uses to refer to constantly dropping in board size, often measured in leaders for buoyancy purposes.
    1:58:18 And Josh and I and everyone who is there really very quickly realized that you are to use your
    1:58:22 expression kind of dancing the razor’s edge and trying to find a balance between the race to
    1:58:27 the bottom, but also maintaining motivation. So you’re not just slipping on banana peels for five
    1:58:34 hours straight. And to what extent do you focus on the board size and the race to the bottom versus,
    1:58:39 which gives you more maneuverability in surfing versus actually working on say the footwork and
    1:58:42 the other technical aspects of the game on a board that you can manage.
    1:58:45 And it’s very interesting to think about this theme of the race to the bottom combined with
    1:58:50 this other wonderful principle that we were all talking about with Eric, which is the swapping
    1:58:54 of boards between. So he had these camps where I think the 18 top stand-up paddle surfers in the
    1:58:58 world together with them, all riding these ridiculously small boards that are deep underwater
    1:59:01 when you’re standing on them. And I mean, it’s incredibly hard to balance in these things.
    1:59:05 So they’ve internalized this race to the bottom theme so deeply, which we are working on. And
    1:59:10 then they’re also, they had this experience where they were all together. And initially,
    1:59:13 that was sort of competitive, but then it became much more collaborative and they were just sharing
    1:59:17 ideas. And then they began to swap boards. And they began to have this interesting experience
    1:59:22 where, you know, every surfboard kind of carves its own lines, right? There’s the practitioner
    1:59:25 who carves his lines. But then there’s also the board that has, you know, a unique rocker
    1:59:29 will find new lines in the wave. And what these guys would find is that if they swap boards,
    1:59:32 they could see new lines in the wave. Because if they listen to the board, some guys would swap
    1:59:37 boards and try to force the new board to carve their lines. Others would sort of be open to what
    1:59:41 this new board could do. And then they would learn from it. And then they’d go back to their board
    1:59:44 and their minds would open up. That’s another way of thinking about this idea of the beginner’s
    1:59:48 mind, right? The new board forced them, helped them see new lines if they were open-minded
    1:59:51 enough. So anyway, this is an example of thematic interconnectedness, right? So when I came back
    1:59:55 from that, this was our last, our previous trip where we were talking about the swapping boards
    1:59:59 theme. And I came back and I was red hot on fire with how to apply this theme in the investment
    2:00:04 process with my guys, right? So you have these teams that are so private and that are so magnificent
    2:00:08 in what they do. But if you could get teams to mix, to share ideas with a sense of abundance,
    2:00:11 like for example, if a world-class portfolio manager could swap analysts with another
    2:00:15 PM for a week or two or three, it would be interesting. If they were truly,
    2:00:20 everyone was sharing openly, you’d be doing swapping boards, seeing new lines, right? It’s
    2:00:23 forcing the beginner’s mind, but forcing the beginner’s mind not only with an open-mindedness,
    2:00:29 but also tapping somebody who is truly exceptional at a very different style of what you do. So
    2:00:32 there’s an example of just having an experience in surfing and applying it to something else.
    2:00:36 And converting it potentially into a simple question, right? Like, where can I swap boards?
    2:00:36 Right.
    2:00:41 It could be something that is used for fodder, for people listening in a journaling exercise.
    2:00:45 Wake up, have your coffee, or I was going to say have your coffee, then meditate, probably not the
    2:00:51 right order. Meditate, have your coffee, sit down, you know, drop that question at the top and just
    2:00:56 where can I swap boards? Beautiful, exactly. That’s an magnificent journaling, like brainstorm
    2:00:59 question to Riff on. I love it. So how do you apply that to education?
    2:01:03 So this thematic interconnectedness, I don’t think that we can do much more
    2:01:10 important work with children than help them love learning, help them learn to bring out the essence
    2:01:14 of who they are in the learning process. So to express the core of who they are through learning,
    2:01:19 which obviously will help them love learning, and then help them discover thematic interconnectedness,
    2:01:26 how the world is interconnected via principles, themes. People are really siloed right now.
    2:01:31 People think about disciplines in an increasingly data-driven, segregated way.
    2:01:35 A segregated way, in a closed-minded way, and it’s kind of heartbreaking. And so, you know,
    2:01:40 I have this nonprofit I’ve been running for a lot of years and a huge amount of what we do.
    2:01:43 So all of our work is in education. We’ve got hundreds of programs around the world,
    2:01:48 mostly in the US, but international as well. The art of learning project.org is our website.
    2:01:53 And the programs that are most exciting to me are the ones where we really are systematically
    2:01:58 working with schools to help children experience thematic interconnectedness.
    2:02:02 So the way we’ll do this, for example, is that we’ll be working with five teachers
    2:02:06 in five different subject matters, four or five or six or three, whatever the number is,
    2:02:14 in the same age group. What are you smiling at, man? Sorry, guys. I was just looking at the URL,
    2:02:18 so it’s the artoflearningproject.org. And I was laughing because I remembered when we were
    2:02:24 filming the TV show and we were walking up the stairs to the jujitsu, maybe to the Marcel
    2:02:29 Garcia gym. And you kept on saying, towel this, towel that. And I thought you were saying towel
    2:02:34 T-O-W-E-L. And I’m like, what the fuck is towel? And you’re like, it’s my goddamn book. And you
    2:02:39 got all upset. I’m like, the art of learning. I’m like, how did you expect me to piece that together?
    2:02:48 Anyway, that’s why I was smirking. Sorry. Now I know the acronym and I won’t anger Josh any
    2:02:54 further. You didn’t anger me. I know. I’m just fucking with you. So anyway, I don’t remember
    2:02:58 that conversation. I’m trying to put this up. It was great. towel, towel, towel. For like five
    2:03:02 flights of stairs, I’m like, what the fuck are you talking about? Anyway, my bad.
    2:03:08 So the way that we do this is that we have, for example, five teachers in different subject
    2:03:16 matters working with my team to weave the same principle of learning into, for example, math,
    2:03:22 English history, social studies, volleyball, soccer at the same time. And so you’ll have kids
    2:03:25 who are studying their subject matter. They’re studying also the way a certain principle of
    2:03:29 learning or the creative process of performance psychology manifests in each of these disciplines
    2:03:32 at the same time. And so they’re, by definition, breaking down the walls between these different
    2:03:36 pursuits. And it’s a really interesting systematic way of doing this. So they’ll be studying the
    2:03:40 same principle in math and they move to the next subject and they’re experiencing it
    2:03:43 through another lens and then through another lens and they’re experiencing it in sport.
    2:03:48 Are these borrowed from the Art of Learning book in so much as you’re talking about smaller and
    2:03:52 smaller circles, or you’re starting, you’re talking about learning the macro from the micro,
    2:03:56 etc. Yes. Yeah. The root of these are in core themes of learning, creativity, and performance
    2:03:59 psychology that I wrote about in my book and that I’ve developed since. Yeah, absolutely. And we’ve
    2:04:03 spoken about a lot of them together. And so it’s a kind of a combination of individualized
    2:04:08 self-expression. Well, a lot of these themes that we’ve been discussing today and last time.
    2:04:12 And so can people learn more about this at theartoflearningproject.org?
    2:04:16 They can. So everybody please come check out the site. We’ve got some really wonderful programs
    2:04:19 around the world and it’s a good timing for this right now because I’d love it if
    2:04:25 any educators out there, we’re on the verge of launching about 10 really high level programs
    2:04:29 is what we want to launch, all thematically driven right now and preparing them in the next months.
    2:04:35 And so anyone who is in the educational world who’d love to touch base with us about applying
    2:04:43 for this kind of program, Katie on my team can be reached at katy@jwfoundation.com.
    2:04:47 Jwfoundation is the name of my non-profit that houses the art of learning project.
    2:04:59 So katy@jwfoundation.com. Katy@jwfoundation.com. Yes. What type of educators should check this out
    2:05:05 and email her? Teachers or people running schools or school systems. Any minimum number of students?
    2:05:11 Or any other parameters? Well the essence of these programs would be a school system
    2:05:17 that’s open-minded around for example engaging like I described teachers in different disciplines
    2:05:21 working at the same time in a collaborative way so that the kids can be embodying the same
    2:05:24 principle in multiple disciplines at the same time. I mean that’s the essence of it. So it’s a
    2:05:28 bit of a coordinated program. We’ve had wonderful success doing this and it’s what really excites
    2:05:34 me and I think about education. How to build systematic training in creativity through thematic
    2:05:38 interconnectedness into the way kids learn these days because kids get so excited when they can
    2:05:42 see connections. I mean this is a big part of what I’m experiencing as a dad with Jack is how
    2:05:47 red hot he gets when he can learn something and then apply it to many other things. This is a
    2:05:52 core part of my approach to learning. I think it’s been a I mean it’s maybe my biggest strength is
    2:05:57 the ability to find hidden harmonies between disparate parts of life. Seemingly disparate.
    2:06:03 Yeah seemingly right. Well Josh this is always so much fun to drag you kicking and screaming at
    2:06:12 your cage. You did it. Cage. Or cave. I like cave more. I like cave more. I don’t know why I was
    2:06:18 thinking cage. I guess that’s just my inner primate coming out but the people have asked me
    2:06:24 often about education following my TED talk where at the end I close out talking about tackling
    2:06:32 different facets of education and I feel like your approach and principle based lens through which
    2:06:38 you can not only spot but teach interconnectedness is just so incredibly valuable like you said
    2:06:45 in an educational system where fields are increasingly siloed and viewed as separate and
    2:06:50 you have political turf wars between departments and whatnot which only exacerbates that problem and
    2:06:55 I feel like this is a massively powerful step in the right direction. So number one thank you for
    2:07:00 that and number two educators listening to this or if you’re just curious to check it out and might
    2:07:07 be able to help in some way theartoflearningproject.org and then if you get a taste of that and it
    2:07:14 seems compelling and you want to try to apply or jump into the fray then kdky@jwfoundation.com
    2:07:19 I’ll put this in the show notes for everybody listening these will be many of the other things
    2:07:24 that we mentioned will be in the show notes at fourhourworkweek.com/podcast but Josh I would
    2:07:28 usually ask where can people find you online but they can’t find you. Can’t find me. So I won’t ask
    2:07:36 that is there anything that you would like people to besides visiting the resources we just mentioned
    2:07:42 anything that you would like people to take away consider do any action anything that comes to
    2:07:46 mind you’d like people to to walk away with just as a closing comment or question.
    2:07:55 That’s a big question yes absolutely it’s funny as I sit with this now for so many years my primary
    2:08:01 identity was as a fighter a competitor and I’ve transitioned in recent years and I find my primary
    2:08:10 identity now is self identity the way I experienced myself is as a nurturer of people my family the
    2:08:16 people I work very closely with and children as I work more broadly in education and when I think
    2:08:21 about it through the context of nurturing people and nurturing ourselves I think that we’re living
    2:08:28 in a world of so much noise and so much distraction out of the space being constantly filled that it’s
    2:08:35 rather remarkable what can happen if we cultivate a mindfulness a stillness of the waters as a way
    2:08:39 of life and we find the beauty in that there’s so much beauty that can come from silence we can learn
    2:08:43 so much by feeling the inner ripples of our internal experience and as parents embodying
    2:08:48 what we want our children to embody living it right walking the talk putting away our phones
    2:08:52 living a life of deep presence with our children with our students with the people we work with
    2:08:57 cultivating empathy cultivating compassion it scares the hell out of me how powerfully I see
    2:09:01 the world moving in another direction from this and there’s so much that we can learn from from
    2:09:06 the speed of what computers can do where AI is headed of what big data can reveal it’s thrilling
    2:09:12 to me as long as we we stay in touch with the essential parts of our humanity and when I experience
    2:09:19 what happens working with people with adults or with children when we’re just completely present
    2:09:23 and we cultivate that presence as a way of life it’s incredible what can happen between people
    2:09:30 and when I experience the scars in children that I see everywhere that come from the anxiety that
    2:09:35 comes from the lack of attachment secure attachment the lack of the attunement of the parent the lack
    2:09:39 of the embodiment of the parent or the teacher and these things that are spoken about it’s heartbreaking
    2:09:47 maybe I’m really really old school but there’s something about the cultivation of deep presence
    2:09:51 and quality as a way of life which just rings all through me and honestly the other thing I’ll
    2:09:54 say is that after having the experience I had a few months ago coming as close as you can come to
    2:10:00 dying as you can basically I mean first of all on a tactical level please if anyone’s experimenting
    2:10:04 with different forms of breath hold work like the Wim Hof method which I think is very interesting
    2:10:08 and quite powerful please don’t do it in any water even an inch of water because if you go out
    2:10:12 you don’t want to be in water I should say if you practice this stuff enough and your type a
    2:10:16 personality you are going to go out it’s not just a high probability it’s almost a certainty
    2:10:22 that you’re going to go out and to think otherwise is really courting disaster so do not do it
    2:10:27 in or near water yeah and when we talk about fire walking about living learning from other
    2:10:31 people’s experiences with the same physiological intensity that you can learn from your own
    2:10:36 there’s something about when you go over that edge over that cliff if I could take the experience of
    2:10:41 love gratitude and beauty that I’ve been living with ever since I had that experience and I could
    2:10:47 give it to my brothers and sisters you know holy smokes I mean what a beautiful thing and so there’s
    2:10:54 any way that we can live with that deep sense of beauty that’s a rich place to find the stillness
    2:11:00 to cultivate not just find but create that stillness and practice like you said the calming of the
    2:11:10 waters I think is it’s underestimated because of its perceived simplicity just as not all things
    2:11:17 that are simple are easy not all things that are simple are low in value right sometimes what’s
    2:11:22 right in front of you within grasp that is most important to grasp onto and make use of yeah
    2:11:27 it doesn’t have to be extremely esoteric and it’s so easy to think we’ve got it nailed you know like
    2:11:31 we can meditate for 15 years and think we’ve got presence nailed and then we stop meditating and
    2:11:36 then six months pass and we’re distracted there’s a constancy to it yeah and a presence to the
    2:11:41 sense of the real sense of danger that it can slip speaking for me personally it’s also building it
    2:11:47 in as a habit just like brushing your teeth for those people who brush your teeth in so much as
    2:11:54 for me I know this is true for many of my friends meditation doesn’t really work well as a batched
    2:12:00 process in other words like meditating 10 minutes a day for 10 days is much more valuable than
    2:12:05 meditating once in 10 days for 100 minutes for most people it’d be less painful too and once
    2:12:12 you get into that habit it becomes a ingrained part of your being in your practice you will see
    2:12:18 the value particularly once you have a critical mass of for me it’s typically five to seven days
    2:12:23 and then i’m just i cannot believe i wasn’t doing this i can’t believe i stopped for four weeks or
    2:12:29 whatever it is it’s incredibly valuable and uh brother josh thanks brother this was a blast man
    2:12:35 thanks buddy hey guys this is tim again just one more thing before you take off and that is
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    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited. The episode features segments from episode #522 “Anne Lamott on Taming Your Inner Critic, Finding Grace, and Prayer” and #148: “Josh Waitzkin, The Prodigy Returns.”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [04:49] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [05:51] Enter Anne Lamott.

    [06:21] What is it about Bird by Bird that has affected so many people so deeply?

    [07:18] Where the title of Bird by Bird originated.

    [09:40] How Neal Allen helps people tame (but not discard) their inner critic.

    [10:45] Who controls the dial when you’re tuned in to KFKD radio?

    [11:51] How Anne recommends I pursue my fiction writing aspirations.

    [12:37] The pros and cons of Anne’s upbringing.

    [19:08] What does being “spiritually fit” mean to Anne?

    [24:40] How radical self-care became an imperative for Anne.

    [32:25] The dark night that turned Anne’s son Sam’s life around.

    [38:10] Enter Josh Waitzkin.

    [38:43] On Dreaming Yourself Awake by B. Alan Wallace and Brian Hodel.

    [39:58] Casual exercise.

    [40:52] Josh’s terrifying experience with the Wim Hof method.

    [45:52] How Josh uses “flow” as therapy.

    [48:19] Initiating a flow state.

    [50:45] Cognitive biases and armchair professors.

    [55:07] Developing high-level sensitivity and listening to your senses.

    [57:53] Strategies for on-boarding newcomers to mindfulness training.

    [1:02:40] Paddlesurfers in peril.

    [1:03:36] Embracing the funk.

    [1:06:03] On parenting.

    [1:15:07] Fixed perspectives and growth mindsets.

    [1:17:34] On training somatic sensitivity.

    [1:22:06] On mitigating the dangers of a fixed identity.

    [1:24:32] Marcelo Garcia and the principle of cultivating quality as a way of life.

    [1:30:19] Quality and presence in parenthood.

    [1:33:42] The fire-walking process.

    [1:40:11] Translating techniques learned from martial arts to less obvious activities (like investing).

    [1:42:19] Building slack into the system.

    [1:46:17] Scarcity in the learning process.

    [1:54:27] Josh’s daily journaling process.

    [1:56:25] Thematic interconnectedness in the context of education.

    [2:04:08] The Art of Learning Project.

    [2:05:59] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

    For deals from sponsors of The Tim Ferriss Showplease visit tim.blog/podcast-sponsors

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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  • #755: Hugh Jackman and Esther Perel

    AI transcript
    0:00:06 I don’t know about you guys, but I’ve had the experience of traveling overseas and I try to access something say a show on
    0:00:12 Amazon or elsewhere and it says not available in your current location something like that or
    0:00:15 Creepier still if you’re at home and this has happened to me
    0:00:18 I search for something or I type in a URL
    0:00:24 Incorrectly and then a screen for AT&T pops up and it says you might be searching for this
    0:00:32 How about that and it suggests an alternative and I think to myself wait a second my Internet service provider is tracking my searches
    0:00:34 And what I’m typing into the browser
    0:00:40 Yeah, I don’t love it and a lot of you know I take privacy and security very seriously
    0:00:45 That is why I’ve been using today’s episode sponsor express VPN for several years now
    0:00:49 And I recommend you check it out when you connect to a secure VPN server
    0:00:55 Your internet traffic goes through an encrypted tunnel that nobody can see into including hackers governments people and Starbucks
    0:00:58 your internet service provider etc and
    0:01:01 No, you are not safe simply using incognito mode in your browser
    0:01:07 This was something that I got wrong for a long time your activity might still be visible as in the example
    0:01:09 I gave to your internet service provider
    0:01:12 Incognito mode also does not hide your IP address
    0:01:17 Also with the example that I gave of you can’t access this kind of that content wherever you happen to be then you just set your server
    0:01:20 To a country where you can see it and all of a sudden voila
    0:01:26 you can say log into your normal Amazon account is supposed to be enrouted to dot UK or whatever and
    0:01:34 Everything works so express VPN protects you and enables you because it encrypts and reroutes your network traffic through secure servers
    0:01:38 So even though your traffic is still passing through your internet provider now
    0:01:43 They can’t read it express VPN is so fast also doesn’t bog things down at all
    0:01:49 I usually forget that I even have it on I can stream high-quality video with no lag or buffering even on servers
    0:01:54 Thousands of miles away gives me access to servers in a hundred and five countries around the world
    0:01:58 Which is very helpful as I am constantly traveling and love to do so
    0:02:04 It’s easy to use you just choose a server location and tap one button to connect you do not need to be
    0:02:08 Technologically savvy. You don’t need to know anything about how it works
    0:02:14 It’s just one click and it works on every device phone laptop tablets even TVs
    0:02:20 Express VPN has really changed the way I use the internet and I can’t recommend it highly enough so check it out right now
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    0:02:37 VPN comm slash Tim
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    0:03:08 I’ll come back to the latter part of that a little bit later
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    0:03:29 But also for cognitive performance
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    0:03:41 There are various studies and reviews and meta-analyses pointing to improvements in short-term memory and performance under stress
    0:03:45 So those are some of the products that I’ve been using very consistently and to give you an idea
    0:03:48 I’m packing right now for an international trip
    0:03:52 I tend to be very minimalist and I’m taking these with me nonetheless
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    0:04:09 Momentous also partners with some of the best minds in human performance to bring world-class products to market
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    0:04:28 Which in this case means informed sport and or NSF certified
    0:04:34 So you can trust that what is on the label is in the bottle and nothing else and trust me as someone who knows
    0:04:36 The sports nutrition and supplement world very well
    0:04:42 That is a differentiator that you want in anything that you consume in this entire sector
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    0:05:10 At this altitude I can run flat out for a half mile before my hands start shaking
    0:05:20 I’m a cyber-nerdy organism living this year over metal and posterior
    0:05:22 Me
    0:05:32 Hello boys and girls ladies and germs this is Tim Ferriss
    0:05:37 Welcome to another episode of the Tim Ferriss show where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers
    0:05:45 From every field imaginable to tease out the habits routines favorite books and so on that you can apply and test in your own lives
    0:05:51 This episode is a two-for-one and that’s because the podcast recently hit its tenth year anniversary
    0:05:56 Which is insane to think about and past one billion downloads to celebrate
    0:06:03 I’ve curated some of the best of the best some of my favorites from more than 700 episodes over the last decade
    0:06:08 I could not be more excited to give you these super combo episodes and internally
    0:06:13 We’ve been calling these the super combo episodes because my goal is to encourage you to yes
    0:06:19 Enjoy the household names the super famous folks, but to also introduce you to lesser-known people. I consider
    0:06:26 Stars these are people who have transformed my life and I feel like they can do the same for many of you
    0:06:30 Perhaps they got lost in a busy news cycle. Perhaps you missed an episode
    0:06:32 Just trust me on this one
    0:06:38 We went to great pains to put these pairings together and for the bios of all guests
    0:06:47 You can find that and more at tim.log/combo and now without further ado, please enjoy and thank you for listening
    0:06:56 First up Hugh Jackman an Academy Award nominated Golden Globe and Tony Award winning performer
    0:07:02 Whose roles include Professor Harold Hill in Broadway’s The Music Man Revival
    0:07:08 Jean Valjean in 2013’s major motion picture adaptation of Les Mis
    0:07:14 and Wolverine in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films a role which he will reprise in the upcoming
    0:07:21 Deadpool and Wolverine you can find Hugh on Instagram at the Hugh Jackman
    0:07:28 What books if any come to mind, I know you read a lot. Hmm. Have you gifted the most to other people?
    0:07:33 Hmm. I learned this from a great man of mine Billy Shaw who’s often known as Saint Billy
    0:07:37 Runs no kid hungry share our strength. You know that organization
    0:07:44 I do. Yeah, they’re incredible. So he came over to my place one day and he gave me two books that I now gift
    0:07:49 Very regularly one is E.B. White’s here is New York
    0:07:55 And the other one is David Foster Wallace’s speech. This is water his commencement speech
    0:08:01 I’ve heard you talk about the David Foster Wallace one. So I know you know that I said, oh, I haven’t read either of these and he said man
    0:08:03 I learned a long time ago
    0:08:06 It’s really nice to give books, but it can be a burden to give a big book
    0:08:14 Because people feel like I’m gonna see I’m gonna see him in a month. Oh, I’m having dinner with him next week and share him with the book
    0:08:21 But like the David Foster Wallace is a 15 minute book and the E.B. White book here is New York
    0:08:23 The New York had had a program
    0:08:27 close world war two where they were invite the greatest writers in the world to come to New York and just
    0:08:30 They’d pay them for three months just to write essays about New York
    0:08:34 So that was his and it’s amazing to read
    0:08:41 A 1949 account of New York and how much of the spirit still resonates now
    0:08:46 So that’s the little book that anyone who lives in New York or likes New York
    0:08:51 I give and in terms of fiction and this completely breaks the rule to him because this is a long book
    0:08:57 But I was gifted it actually uh by Gary Hart senator Gary Hart who I played in a movie
    0:08:59 The over story by Richard Powers
    0:09:04 I’m not sure if you read that but that’s the most transformative bit of fiction I have read in a long time
    0:09:08 I need to read it. It’s been recommended so many times
    0:09:12 It’s sitting on my Kindle and I started reading it. I remember it read for about a half hour and it said
    0:09:16 Whatever it said point zero zero one percent complete and I went oh my god
    0:09:21 How big is this book nice big and stick with it for those who don’t
    0:09:27 Know the book. Could you give it a just a quick description? It’s Richard Bowes. I believe it won the Pulitzer
    0:09:30 I think it did it’s a piece of fiction
    0:09:34 Weaving about eight storylines of humans
    0:09:37 but what you realize that the
    0:09:43 The misdirection of the book is by the end you realize the book is completely about trees
    0:09:47 So we might relegate trees or nature to some
    0:09:50 Five or ten percent of our awareness
    0:09:57 And this book what it does is draws you in in these incredible human stories and these very varied characters and their
    0:10:02 Bearing degrees of interaction with nature in various different forms
    0:10:06 But by the end you realize the book actually the main character the book is trees
    0:10:09 is nature
    0:10:11 And it completely reverses
    0:10:15 The way you look at the world when you walk outside now. I promise you
    0:10:21 After you read that book Tim you will sit in your backyard and you’ll notice things you have never noticed before
    0:10:25 I mean, all right. My complacency has been called stick with it
    0:10:29 It works on you in the way nature does it’s patient
    0:10:34 And it’s in no rush to it’s low and it’s steady and it’s true
    0:10:43 Could you describe your meditation practice and what you feel are the main benefits that are derived from that practice?
    0:10:44 Sure
    0:10:50 I was introduced to meditation when I was at drama school and it was a form of transcendental meditation
    0:10:57 There’s lots of different types of of meditation just very briefly. It involves the use of a mantra which you are given
    0:11:00 which you repeatedly sound and
    0:11:06 The very basic concept is that the nature of our minds is to always
    0:11:10 Be working or always be thinking and the trick to life is not letting that
    0:11:13 Mind be your master, but to let it be a servant
    0:11:18 Then it’s an incredible thing once it’s running the show and you know, it’s very easy to get off track
    0:11:22 So during this period of meditation you are given a mantra
    0:11:24 which was described to me as
    0:11:27 The mind is often called the monkey mind and eastern philosophies
    0:11:32 So monkey is very energetic and if not given something to do will be mischievous
    0:11:36 So the mantra is like basically saying to the monkey mind
    0:11:40 I need you to climb to the top of that telegraph pole and when you get to the top
    0:11:42 I need you to climb back down and when you get to the bottom
    0:11:46 I need you to climb back up and when you get to the top I need you to climb back down
    0:11:51 So it’s just giving this activity so the mantra or this word that is silently
    0:11:54 repeated ends up
    0:11:56 fading away and
    0:11:58 The best way I can describe it is
    0:12:04 The effect that it has on me. I mean sometimes I fall asleep by the way, which is totally fine
    0:12:06 and clearly what my body needed but
    0:12:09 when you first pour a glass of water
    0:12:11 it’s cloudy
    0:12:17 And then in a period of time that all settles and you see crystal clear through the glass through the water
    0:12:21 That’s what meditation does for me. It’s got that feeling where
    0:12:25 Things drop down. I have a feeling of coming home
    0:12:29 The feeling of experiencing my true self and not just being caught up
    0:12:32 in the monkey mind or
    0:12:38 Being reactive to life and it gives me a finer energy. I don’t always get out of meditation
    0:12:39 like
    0:12:40 ready to
    0:12:46 Do a one-hour Peloton class, but I always come out with a finer energy. My intention feels clearer
    0:12:49 My listening is more purposeful and
    0:12:52 Things feel easier and more connected
    0:12:58 Do you meditate then twice a day in these? I guess one might consider the the traditional
    0:13:04 Tm format and if you meditate in the afternoons or later in the day, how do you time that for yourself?
    0:13:11 I always did it twice a day four years. So I started, you know when I was 23 I’m 51 now. So
    0:13:14 I did it very regularly
    0:13:18 twice a day and about three or four years ago. I kind of
    0:13:25 Let go of the duty element there was and I can be guilty of this. This is good for you. Should be doing this
    0:13:31 Don’t fall off that wagon. You know, it’s a slippery slope. So and once I let go of that too, I I’ve just had
    0:13:33 kind of experiment with with myself
    0:13:37 I was like, okay, why don’t you meditate when you really want to meditate?
    0:13:42 and that has turned into a practice where it’s every morning for sure and then
    0:13:48 Definitely when I’m working if I’m on a movie set or I’m working in theater, there will always be a second one
    0:13:50 but sometimes
    0:13:53 I’ll let the afternoon one go and when I say afternoon
    0:13:58 I can’t sit down very I get restless leg syndrome. So after about four or five o’clock
    0:14:02 It’s uncomfortable for me to sit for 20 minutes. So
    0:14:04 I will
    0:14:06 Do it around lunchtime or just after lunch
    0:14:12 Could you describe your emotional energy practices?
    0:14:15 and replenishing
    0:14:17 approach when it comes to
    0:14:21 let’s just say stage performances and stage work because it it’s really
    0:14:27 Hard for me to even wrap my head around how you have that much energy output
    0:14:31 Repeatedly in a given week. I know
    0:14:36 In my heart that I was born to be on the stage
    0:14:39 Right, it’s taken me a long time to feel the same
    0:14:47 feeling on a sound stage for acting but one of my favorite movies of all time and definitely my favorite quote from a movie of all time
    0:14:51 is from chariot sapphire, which I loved as a kid and
    0:14:53 Eric Liddell
    0:14:59 Who’s the religious runner who decides not to run on the Sabbath during the olympics? You’ve seen the movie, right?
    0:15:03 Yeah, so there’s this great scene where he’s meant to be going off after the olympics
    0:15:10 To do missionary work in china handing out bibles or something and his sister’s talking to him
    0:15:12 She’s like
    0:15:17 You got to throw away this silly running thing. We have really important work god’s work to do
    0:15:23 Why are you doing this and spending time on this? You know, basically kind of accusing him of not following god’s will
    0:15:26 And he just says he looks at her and he says
    0:15:30 But I feel his pleasure when I run and I’ve always
    0:15:34 Somehow that line it always makes me tear up just saying it
    0:15:40 That’s what I feel on stage. There’s a kind of natural energy and what I keep saying to my kids actually
    0:15:43 Don’t settle find that thing
    0:15:46 That resonates with you in that way where you feel
    0:15:52 some kind of the pleasure of the universe of consciousness like there’s some
    0:15:56 Joy where you feel you can do it longer and in that way
    0:15:59 It’s not such a Herculean effort
    0:16:05 Although I’m going to tell you in a second. I have a bunch of sort of rituals and things that I do to make sure that I can be my best
    0:16:10 But there is a natural energy that I understand other people going. I don’t know how you do that
    0:16:13 But maybe that’s the same way. I don’t know
    0:16:16 How you train for ultramarathons for example
    0:16:19 So in terms of self care
    0:16:22 On Broadway, I have a bunch of rules
    0:16:25 Or when I was doing my tour, I certainly don’t drink
    0:16:28 alcohol before
    0:16:30 And I really limited after
    0:16:33 It’s really important for me to wake up
    0:16:37 Feeling in a good frame of mind rather than that feeling of catch up
    0:16:40 You know that feeling if you wake up and you go I just want to go back to bed
    0:16:43 Then that’s a really difficult place to be in
    0:16:51 If you’ve got to perform that evening because then an anxiety comes in that you’re going to be withdrawing on reserves that are not replenishable
    0:16:54 I don’t go out after
    0:16:59 Inisha and I would have loved you to come and see I’m doing the music man come but
    0:17:04 I never go out. That’s a blanket rule. I don’t go out with anybody partly because
    0:17:09 The party I’ve just had on stage is better than anything I can imagine anywhere else
    0:17:12 The other thing is I think it’s really important
    0:17:15 To me to get quiet
    0:17:20 To allow what has happened the energy of what has happened because there is a lot of energy
    0:17:26 I think I’m the only actor I know who I can be asleep within 45 minutes after getting off stage
    0:17:29 There’s something very calming. It’s like you’ve had your greatest workout
    0:17:34 You have a bath that’s feeling after the bath after a great workout in the evening
    0:17:38 Where you just can sit and be at peace with yourself that I love so
    0:17:44 A limited amount of coffee I have just because you’re battling dehydration with stage work all the time
    0:17:48 I know what my routine is before I go on stage and I’m religious about it
    0:17:50 And that’s more about quieting my mind
    0:17:52 I don’t ever want
    0:17:58 My monkey mind saying oh you didn’t do your warm-up today or you only half did it or this or that you haven’t stretched
    0:18:01 You haven’t done that you didn’t really eat very well today. You might be you know
    0:18:03 My mind can easily pick up on that
    0:18:05 The perfection side of me
    0:18:09 I always take a minute before I go on stage literally before
    0:18:14 To pause and just connect with the senses. So even if I’m not
    0:18:17 In the opening of a show I will stand in the wings
    0:18:22 I first of all like to just listen to that titter of excitement as people come in
    0:18:29 To the theater because I love the theater myself and I remember that and it reminds me of how
    0:18:35 Privileged I am and how much I owe every single audience member at every single show
    0:18:42 They’re not coming in to see my fourth show of the week. They’re coming to see the show for the first and probably only time in their life
    0:18:45 So you who knows what they’ve sacrificed to get there. So
    0:18:48 I really take that minute and then I fall still
    0:18:51 and
    0:18:53 Remind myself that
    0:18:56 This is all in service of something
    0:19:01 I say all kind of matter me in the mark, which means I dedicate this
    0:19:03 Show or whatever it is
    0:19:08 To the service of the absolute that there is something beyond the show some
    0:19:12 Reason we’re doing this same for your show, you know, there’s got to be a reason beyond
    0:19:19 Just what the immediate thing is there and that just connects me to that. I’m pretty quiet during the day
    0:19:21 when I do a show
    0:19:23 and
    0:19:25 the other thing I really try to do is
    0:19:30 Read and listen to other stuff. I had a great acting teacher lyle jones
    0:19:33 He said to me goes you can’t call yourself a real actor
    0:19:36 unless you expose yourself to ballet
    0:19:38 and classical music and
    0:19:43 David adam writ like you should be so inquisitive and curious and
    0:19:49 Find inspiration from surprising places could be a walk in the woods, but that stuff feeds you so that
    0:19:57 In the act of performing which is very much giving out you have enough energy there and stores, I suppose
    0:19:58 There’d be the main things
    0:20:04 I’d love to ask about your dad if that’s possible and I have a specific example
    0:20:07 That jumps to mind and this is from a piece
    0:20:14 Some time ago in good housekeeping so I want to give credit where credit is due but the quote here and feel free to correct it
    0:20:15 This is from you
    0:20:20 I remember at one point being in a fellowship and everyone used to wear the fish symbol that said you’re a christian
    0:20:21 So I asked my father dad
    0:20:25 Why don’t you wear that at work and he said your religion should be in your actions?
    0:20:30 Yeah, he said a great great example. Could you speak to what?
    0:20:32 impact your father or
    0:20:36 Family had on you in terms of of lessons learned
    0:20:41 Yeah, I’m glad you mentioned that story that actually came to mind a couple of days ago
    0:20:44 My dad, you know when people talk about the oh my father always told me this
    0:20:49 There weren’t many times the dad would come up with a sentence like
    0:20:52 But there’s a few I remember
    0:20:56 You cannot over invest in education. That’s one he would say to us
    0:20:59 And he says if you are ever in doubt of what to do
    0:21:03 Go and learn more. He’s what he would say
    0:21:06 your actions that one he was
    0:21:08 I actually now remember it. It was
    0:21:12 We grew up very religious. My father was converted by Billy Graham
    0:21:18 And my mother and father I think went to the Billy Graham crusade and my father was not religious at all and became a born again christian
    0:21:21 My mother did not that was one of the
    0:21:24 Things actually I think they’ll you know brought the end of their marriage
    0:21:29 They sort of went down different paths. My dad was not a bible basher
    0:21:34 He rarely talked about it and I remember saying dad because I was really about 13 14
    0:21:40 I was really in school church groups fellowship groups and and I got one of those stickers
    0:21:44 That you put on the back of the car and I said dad we should put that like we meant to do that
    0:21:45 We meant to
    0:21:51 Spread the word and do this and when he said that to me. I was disappointed. I thought he was copying out
    0:21:54 But only later did I realize that when he said
    0:21:59 People should know you’re a christian through your actions. He’s so much more powerful
    0:22:03 If someone eventually comes up to you and says, you know, there’s something about you, man
    0:22:06 I don’t know what it is, but I’d love to know
    0:22:10 Where I can get it then there’s an opening but someone
    0:22:16 People have noticed how you act is far stronger than what you say and we all know that
    0:22:21 I often speak a little more about my dad in interviews because my mom left when I was eight
    0:22:25 So I was brought up from that moment on primarily by my dad
    0:22:29 So I got a lot of those lessons as I was growing into a man
    0:22:33 With him being around but my mom I always remember her saying she says it to this day
    0:22:36 Everyone needs to feel appreciated
    0:22:40 It doesn’t matter what they do. It doesn’t matter who they are
    0:22:43 That’s a need in everybody
    0:22:45 and
    0:22:49 I sort of have extrapolated that out to being people need to be seen
    0:22:52 I’ve learned a lot of that from brunet brown
    0:22:57 They need to be seen for who they are and appreciated for what they give
    0:23:04 And I’ve seen my mother in particular and my father do that and that’s something we were all taught
    0:23:06 So it has become a natural thing
    0:23:08 I’d love to ask about
    0:23:14 Journalism or communications. This is maybe gonna seem strange. I just remember what it was about my dad
    0:23:17 Oh fire away. Let’s go there. Stickler on ethics
    0:23:20 If you get an invitation
    0:23:21 to go
    0:23:23 Go across the road to your mates place
    0:23:28 For dinner and then an hour later you get an invitation from the Queen of England
    0:23:31 to go to the Buckingham Palace
    0:23:33 You stick by your first one
    0:23:37 It was just a stickler on ethics. You keep your word even if it does not
    0:23:40 Benefit you
    0:23:45 You always keep your word that was big one. My dad was always big on ethics and the other beautiful one
    0:23:50 I remember when my because his relationship didn’t work out and it was a big source of pain for him
    0:23:54 You know, he shared with me. It was a real feeling of failure for him
    0:23:57 around his marriage
    0:24:03 And when things start to take off from me with X men he very rarely offered advice at all about parenting nothing
    0:24:09 Even when I asked him for advice at one point I had an opportunity to be in a tv show
    0:24:11 I got cast in a tv show and at the same time
    0:24:18 I got a spot at a very revered acting school in Australia to West Australian Academy performing arts and over the weekend
    0:24:20 I had to choose. Do I go on neighbors?
    0:24:22 which
    0:24:26 Collym and I guy peers mugger Robbie, you know, all these people that was the breeding ground
    0:24:33 Or do I go and study for three years? I asked my dad on the Friday. I said dad. I don’t know what to do
    0:24:38 I need your help and and I was 22 at the time and he said I can’t answer that for you
    0:24:41 And I was really
    0:24:44 Anyway, by the sunday it was clear to me
    0:24:49 I wanted, you know, obviously his lesson about education had sunk in and so I went no, I need to go
    0:24:51 and study
    0:24:56 Because I want to feel that not only do I belong on a tv series
    0:25:02 Set but I can also audition for the Royal Shakespeare Company in in England
    0:25:07 And so and I didn’t feel I had that before I studied so I went off and studied and when I told dad the decision
    0:25:10 He I remember he said he goes, oh, thank goodness
    0:25:14 I said you knew and he goes of course on you. I said couldn’t you just
    0:25:18 Save me this grief the last few days and told me and he goes man. He says you’re a man
    0:25:22 You have to make those decisions on your own now
    0:25:24 As a father, I have a 20 year old
    0:25:29 I don’t know if I’d be able to hold my tongue if I could see it so clearly go right don’t go left
    0:25:35 To be able to hold back. That was another great bit of advice at the end of drama school
    0:25:40 Did you make a contract with yourself about pursuing acting and could you speak to that, please?
    0:25:43 Damn your research is good
    0:25:45 So I
    0:25:49 Had worked. I don’t know how many jobs I graduated drama school at 26. So
    0:25:55 gas station attendants I dressed up in a koala suit for the national parks and wildlife foundation
    0:25:59 That’s a tall koala. Oh, yeah, totally
    0:26:04 Yes, I’ve been punching the kidneys by 14 year olds, you know the whole thing
    0:26:07 And yes, I told him to fuck off for all of that, you know
    0:26:10 uh restaurants
    0:26:12 The thing I learned
    0:26:18 From working in all those jobs that if you start a business, it could be a pizzeria. It could be a bar a restaurant anything
    0:26:22 You have to give it seven days a week
    0:26:25 For five years and after five years you may be able to pull back a little bit
    0:26:29 You may be able to be in a position where you built the brand to a certain point
    0:26:31 You may have to you may be able to hire a manager
    0:26:34 You may be able to hire staff to make things a little easier
    0:26:37 But no one really goes into owning their own business
    0:26:41 Thinking oh, this is going to be the easy life. They do it because there’s something they want to create
    0:26:44 They don’t want to be told what to do and they go out and make it happen
    0:26:50 And it dawned on me really only in the last semester of drama school that that’s what i’m doing
    0:26:53 I’m going out there. No one’s employing me
    0:26:59 In their company to be an actor and then sending me out. I have to go and rehire every time I go for a job
    0:27:06 And my brand is my name. So I have to build that up and so I thought okay. What have I learned from all these jobs?
    0:27:09 I’ve got to give it seven days a week. So I vowed to
    0:27:12 Never wait for the phone to ring. I was going to write letters
    0:27:19 I was going to start me and simon lindon my fellow mate. I graduated with we’re going to start a theater company
    0:27:23 Which he did by the way. I ended up getting a job straight out of drama school. God lucky
    0:27:30 But the tarama rock surface which is you know in bondi in australia still going today after 25 years
    0:27:33 But my feeling was you have to drive you have to work
    0:27:36 You cannot be a victim. You cannot wait for the phone to ring
    0:27:40 You have to go out and generate and get your brand out there and get going
    0:27:46 So I figured five years was the time because I was 26 so five years on like 31
    0:27:50 We all hear stories of people staying too long at a party. I mean if you go to la
    0:27:56 There’s just so many people who stay a good 10 years too long at the acting party, you know, and they’re like
    0:27:59 I met a guy
    0:28:03 My gym and he’s introduced me. He’s the guy who parks the car around the corner of his place
    0:28:06 He knows someone who’s a friend of the casting agent and he’s put in a win
    0:28:13 I think i’m going to get a you know that story comes out and this feeling of it’s going to happen next week and I figured 31
    0:28:20 Okay, 31 if it’s not happening be stoic. By the way, thanks for ryan holiday and the stoicism all that stuff love
    0:28:22 Be stoic be hopeful
    0:28:26 But work your ass off, but no when it’s time to leave the party
    0:28:31 So after five years at 31 I done x-men. It was all sort of happening for me
    0:28:36 It didn’t happen immediately in terms of what most people think of as success, but
    0:28:42 Certainly after their first five years. I did actually mentally say to myself. All right another five years and we’ll see how it goes
    0:28:45 I don’t like the word career
    0:28:52 Particularly when I began and I say to actors. I said I’d be wary of the word career. I said it’s not a right
    0:28:58 Then you’re gonna act 98% of actors are unemployed. It’s a privilege when you get a job
    0:29:01 And don’t expect there’ll always be one around the corner work
    0:29:08 Your ass off as though this is the last one and you have to be at your best to get there because that’s kind of what it takes
    0:29:14 So I’ll admit I don’t redo the contract anymore. What were some of the
    0:29:18 best decisions that you made in the first few years of
    0:29:21 Working hard patting the pavement as an aspiring
    0:29:28 Slash working actor. We’ll definitely go into drama school. That was before that was a huge turning point
    0:29:33 I just had also this attitude. You got to say yes to everything when you graduate just say yes
    0:29:35 go for everything
    0:29:40 When my agent called me and said they’re looking for someone to play Gaston and Beauty and the Beast in the musical
    0:29:42 I was like, well, I’m the theater actor. I’m not a singer
    0:29:45 She said, you know, I just think you should go for it
    0:29:51 And me saying yes to that audition and going getting singing lessons was a huge turning point
    0:29:55 I mean, you know now I’ve done a bunch of musicals and I’ve learned a lot over those years
    0:29:58 But I did not think I could ever do that
    0:30:00 That was a big one and doing Beauty and the Beast
    0:30:03 Man in my contract
    0:30:10 I think I must be the only actor in history in my contract. It said must get a singing lesson once a week paid for by the company
    0:30:12 so I was a professional
    0:30:17 On paper professional musical theater actor and I had to go and get singing lessons
    0:30:20 Which I loved man because I was singing eight times a week in a show
    0:30:25 Getting a singing lesson every week. That’s really where I learned how to sing. So that year was amazing for me
    0:30:30 But this was more of a turning point. I remember when I was doing Beauty and the Beast
    0:30:33 I started that getting well known for that
    0:30:35 and I remember seeing
    0:30:41 Something like they had a list of people. What do they do for Christmas kind of thing? They had Hugh Jackman comma singer
    0:30:45 And it was up at the theater someone put it up in the theater
    0:30:48 And I just remember going uh, oh
    0:30:50 I’m being labeled as a singer
    0:30:54 I’m an actor. This is a problem. This is going to affect me and it did become a problem
    0:30:58 I couldn’t get an audition for a film because there was I don’t know about the rest of the world
    0:31:05 But in Australia a kind of snobbishness about musical theater that you weren’t an actor. You were a performer
    0:31:12 Stagehand, you know jazz hands and that’s not acting. So anyone in musical theater can’t act. I I couldn’t get an audition
    0:31:16 Drive me crazy. So I made a choice then
    0:31:19 To get out basically I’m going to get out of
    0:31:25 Musical theater and I’m just going to concentrate on acting until I’ve established that then maybe I can go back to it
    0:31:27 and just as I decided that
    0:31:33 My agent Raymond said trevis sir trevin nan is coming to do sunset boulevard in melbourne
    0:31:35 and I said I
    0:31:39 I said I really want to meet sir trevin nan. He was a huge hero of mine through drama school
    0:31:45 The royal shakesman company really I like huge. I really wanted to meet him. That’s who that’s really who I wanted to work for
    0:31:51 But it was a musical and this was another 12 months and I thought now it’s going to be back to back musicals
    0:31:56 I’m going to be even more entrenched down this path that you know is a one-way street
    0:31:58 And I think back is a pretty arrogant thing
    0:32:04 I bring the casting director myself and I said I need you to do me a favor and I had met I knew her
    0:32:08 I said I really want to meet trevor and I want to audition for him
    0:32:12 But I don’t want to do the job. She said what what do you mean? I said I really want to meet him
    0:32:16 But I’ve made this decision. I’ve got to go into acting, but can you just do me a favor?
    0:32:20 I just want to meet him and I want him to see me act. So
    0:32:23 I went in the audition was
    0:32:29 The most incredible hour I’ve ever spent I learned so much like one hour on our audition
    0:32:35 He taught me so much about acting. He heard me sing and then he came and worked with me for 40 minutes
    0:32:39 And I remember about halfway through that going
    0:32:41 okay
    0:32:43 If he gives me the part I’m going to do it
    0:32:45 It doesn’t matter to me
    0:32:50 If it’s a musical or not, I’ve got to work with this guy. I I feel it in my gut
    0:32:54 I’ve got so much to learn from him and that was a massive turning point. I got the part
    0:33:00 I learned an incredible amount from him. He then went on to cast me in Oklahoma in London
    0:33:02 and
    0:33:07 Really working with him gave me the confidence to be able to take on the world stage
    0:33:09 I’m not sure I would have had the confidence to do that before him
    0:33:12 but I suppose the lesson of that or the turning point of that was
    0:33:16 When you have that gut feeling
    0:33:17 Go in
    0:33:22 And I haven’t always done that by the way actually not long after so after I did Sunseh Boulevard
    0:33:26 I doubled down on my commitment to not doing musicals, right?
    0:33:30 Or after I go home. I’ve now done three musicals and I still couldn’t get an audition for a film
    0:33:33 and I
    0:33:39 Got an offer to do The Boy from Oz which I went on to do here and on Broadway about 15 years ago
    0:33:44 And when I heard the pitch for that show, I had that same feeling in my gut. Oh my god
    0:33:46 This is gonna be amazing. You got to do it
    0:33:51 But my head was saying you’ve done three musicals stop when are you gonna stop you got to stop you made a commitment
    0:33:53 So I turned it down
    0:33:58 And when I went to see that show two years later, by the way, I still hadn’t got a film audition pretty much
    0:34:01 When I went to go and see that show
    0:34:04 I was actually
    0:34:06 sick to my stomach because
    0:34:09 It was everything I knew it was gonna be when they pitched it to me
    0:34:12 And there I was making some
    0:34:15 strategic clan in my head
    0:34:17 and it was wrong
    0:34:23 And from that moment on I’ve always followed my gut on stuff even if it doesn’t make sense
    0:34:25 How do you relate to?
    0:34:28 Intuition or that gut feeling now
    0:34:34 Is there a certain way you think about it or have become more tuned to feeling it?
    0:34:39 And I’m asking in part because I’ve spent a lot of my life trapped in my
    0:34:41 The front of my brain and hyper
    0:34:46 Analyzing things and it has often been a disservice because it’s
    0:34:48 overpowered
    0:34:49 feelings
    0:34:51 Intuition on deals partnerships
    0:34:54 Friends or foes that I should have listened to right?
    0:35:00 So I’d just be curious to know how you have developed a relationship with listening to that
    0:35:03 I’ve never been asked this question. I think this is probably
    0:35:06 the most vexing
    0:35:10 Most important vital thing to work out in your life. Certainly in my life
    0:35:15 And I think about it a lot to answer the question what I do now. I think I need to take you back
    0:35:19 I’ve never really said this before publicly this particular thing
    0:35:23 I’m gonna say but as I told you I was brought up in a very religious household
    0:35:32 So a lot of the messages I was getting and instructions for life came through the examples of Jesus and through all these characters and the parables
    0:35:38 In the bible and I carry them very close to my heart. I can remember
    0:35:41 praying
    0:35:46 Nightly for I don’t know how long to god. I used to I remember it’s just saying I don’t care god
    0:35:50 What it is you want me to do if you want me to click
    0:35:54 Trash, I’ll click trash if you want me to I do not care
    0:35:59 But please make it clear to me what you want me to do. Please make that clear
    0:36:02 I had much more fear of being on the wrong path
    0:36:04 than I had fear of
    0:36:12 Failing at a path if that makes sense that whatever that decision was whatever that moment of clarity becomes whatever
    0:36:18 Gets you to that feeling of Eric Liddell and chariots if I I feel his pleasure when I run for me
    0:36:24 That was always and I carry it today even though my feelings about religion are different than what they were when I was younger
    0:36:26 The essence is the same that there is some
    0:36:28 calling
    0:36:31 That Joseph Campbell would talk about follow your bliss. There is some calling
    0:36:34 that is beyond
    0:36:35 the
    0:36:37 conscious brains
    0:36:44 Strategizing of how to be happy and successful and or meaningful in life. There’s something elemental and instinctual and
    0:36:48 learning that the people I admire the most
    0:36:51 Really hone that ability and in
    0:36:56 big decisions in their life too small day-to-day decisions
    0:36:58 so now
    0:36:59 I still
    0:37:02 Like you battle with that because I can be dominated by my mind
    0:37:05 my brain pros and cons
    0:37:10 Think this through and I should have mentioned this up front in terms of that first question
    0:37:14 You asked me in terms of performing and the things you do or you know daily
    0:37:17 I do a daily design every day. I
    0:37:19 create
    0:37:21 as if in the past tense of what the day
    0:37:23 had been
    0:37:27 Dreams can be crazy can be wild and then at the end of the day I
    0:37:31 Score it out of 10. I keep myself accountable to what I was trying to manifest or
    0:37:35 Make happen and one thing I a consistent theme and that
    0:37:41 Is that I listen to the messages that they come in crazy ways they come in
    0:37:45 strange but
    0:37:50 Clear concise ways. Okay, so I’ve just come full circle
    0:37:56 Let me give you an example. I’m going to go back again in terms of knowing to get into acting right following those examples
    0:38:02 I went and studied auditioned for an acting school and I got in I got in on the reserve list
    0:38:05 So I didn’t get on the first time round. This was a one-year course. I did before my three-year one
    0:38:10 I just snuck in and I was so excited after graduating as a journalist
    0:38:16 I came to get an acting school for one year and then I got a letter in the mail
    0:38:19 A week later saying congratulations. You’re in
    0:38:24 Please make sure you come with the three and a half thousand dollars tuition fee
    0:38:29 And it had never dawned on me. There was going to cost anything because when I was young in Australia
    0:38:32 Secondary education was free like all university was free
    0:38:35 So I was like, uh-oh
    0:38:39 And I thought I’ve got to go and ask my dad and I’ve just graduated from college and I thought I can’t do that
    0:38:41 I literally ripped up
    0:38:47 The letter screwed it up put it in the bin and I’m not joking. This is to me one of those signs crazy signs that are just like a
    0:38:49 wallop in the face
    0:38:51 I got a
    0:38:58 Check the next day from my grandmother’s will she died three months before for three and a half thousand dollars the exact dollar amount
    0:39:05 And yeah, I mean that’s an obvious example. That’s when the universe is going. All right. You’re an idiot
    0:39:08 I’ve given you a lot of signs
    0:39:11 You went off and did the play you walked into that house
    0:39:16 You got that sign. You knew this is where you’re meant to be. This is it and maybe so it’s time to move on
    0:39:18 and
    0:39:20 you’re about to throw it up because
    0:39:23 The three and a half thousand dollars and that parts of me to go down
    0:39:26 You’re going to kind of falter the first hurdle
    0:39:28 and then the wallop comes in my face and so
    0:39:33 I’ve had really clear moments of that but I ask every single day tim
    0:39:37 Not ask I manifest every single day that I will hear those messages
    0:39:42 You’ve transformed yourself multiple times certainly and
    0:39:47 I’ve seen you work out. It’s enough to make me want to retire my sneakers
    0:39:52 Uh, it’s just outrageous the intensity involved and I’d be curious to know
    0:39:54 if there are any particular
    0:39:59 exercises or types of exercise that you have found to be
    0:40:03 Particularly good bang for the buck. So if you had to just
    0:40:10 Take the desert island test and you could only take a handful of exercises or x y and z with you
    0:40:12 Yeah, does anything come to mind?
    0:40:15 Rolling machine
    0:40:16 definitely
    0:40:21 A rower. There’s a reason the row is usually empty at the gym because it’s difficult
    0:40:24 and
    0:40:26 A lot of people want to say and feel they’ve worked out
    0:40:32 And they want to get a sweat, but they don’t necessarily and I learned a lot of this from your book
    0:40:36 And I worked at a gym by the way before our body. I worked at a gym for three years
    0:40:42 So I saw a lot of people coming in five days a week and not really changing anything about them and
    0:40:44 The rolling machine
    0:40:47 I think if you add in some chest works and
    0:40:53 Push-ups that’s in everything you need to keep fit healthy strong
    0:40:56 I’ve learned a lot of that I work with Beth Lewis the trainer
    0:40:58 who
    0:41:02 You can look her up. She does a lot of free classes right now. I think during covered
    0:41:08 I found her through peter. Do you know beth? Have you met beth? I know of beth. Well, she was a powerlifter and a dancer
    0:41:10 it really is great for me because
    0:41:15 I mean in the past even with someone like wolverine, I have to prepare
    0:41:21 To look physically away, but I can’t get injured. So I can’t prepare as a bodybuilder. I have to be able to prepare
    0:41:28 There’s a really jacked ripped athlete slash dancer because fighting is dance
    0:41:31 It is more relaxation in a fight scene
    0:41:32 Then there is strength
    0:41:37 Which is probably the case for if you think about all the great athletes you see
    0:41:42 There’s relaxation and that movement has moved in sports. That’s why you see every sprinter
    0:41:47 poking their tongue out now and dancing around with joy before they run the hundred meters, you know
    0:41:50 That sense of having the right level of relaxation
    0:41:55 I think if they call it the 85% rule if you tell most sort of a type athletes
    0:42:01 To run at their 85% capacity they will run faster than if you tell them to run 100
    0:42:04 because it’s more about relaxation and form and
    0:42:10 Optimizing the muscles in the right way. So Beth has really taught me that for the rowing machine man. You can’t go wrong
    0:42:16 And to get time just do the seven minute thing and I had to do this for a film a movie Australia
    0:42:22 Beth wanted me to be big and so I was big and then about a month before he said, ah
    0:42:26 Doing a lot of research about these jacarous or cowboys. He goes
    0:42:32 They’re lean. They’re all lean lean lean and I’m like, dude, you asked me to get big up and getting big
    0:42:38 And he goes, I need you lean. So I went to my trainer and he goes, who was a rower and he said, you want to get lean?
    0:42:40 wrote
    0:42:46 So as well as the ice baths that I learned from your book, which I used all through the wolverines particularly
    0:42:50 The later wolverines when you see me a better shape. That’s a great way to lose fat
    0:42:53 but seven minute row
    0:42:56 four times a week and the goal is 2000 meters and
    0:43:02 When you try it at some point you’re going to hate me for it, but still that’s the quickest best way
    0:43:09 Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors and we’ll be right back to the show
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    0:44:19 And now ester parel
    0:44:27 psychotherapist new york times best-selling author of mating in captivity and the state of affairs
    0:44:32 Thinking infidelity and host of her top rated podcast. Where should we begin?
    0:44:40 You can find ester on twitter at ester parel and instagram at ester parel official
    0:44:48 Esther welcome to the show. Thank you. Hello. I am thrilled to finally have connected with you
    0:44:52 And you have one of the hottest possible areas of expertise
    0:44:59 Unimaginable and there’s so many questions that I would like to ask and so many questions that my fans would like to ask
    0:45:05 But I thought we could start with a bit of background and if you could tell us just a bit about where you grew up
    0:45:11 And what your childhood was like. I think that’d be good as context to get us started
    0:45:15 So I grew up in antwerp in belgium mostly
    0:45:22 Antwerp is the Flemish part of belgium and I was there till I finished high school. I grew up
    0:45:27 With I have a big brother who is 12 years older than me. So I was the
    0:45:34 the young girl and my parents who were actually polish refugees who came to belgium after the war
    0:45:42 From belgium, I moved to jerusalem and I studied at the hebra university in jerusalem
    0:45:45 And I lived there for almost six years
    0:45:53 And then I came to came rich massachusetts to finish my master’s degree and I really thought I was coming for one year
    0:45:54 To america
    0:45:59 But that one year became two years in came rich and then after that I came to new york
    0:46:03 And I thought I would do that for one year because I wanted to have the new york experience
    0:46:06 And I never used my return tickets and here I am
    0:46:11 You’re still having the new york experience. I’m still having the new york experience. Exactly
    0:46:19 So you as I understand it grew up among holocaust survivors and I would love to
    0:46:26 Hear you elaborate on that experience and what it was like what you learned from it
    0:46:29 And then we can talk about I’d like to talk about Jerusalem
    0:46:36 I am very interested as many people are in the history of the holocaust, but even more than that the
    0:46:38 personal
    0:46:44 The lived experience the lived experience and there’s a book called if this is a man and there’s another book called the truce
    0:46:47 Both are written by primo levy, which was recommended to me by
    0:46:54 The illusionist david blaine who actually has primo levy’s inmate number or prisoner number tattooed on his forearm
    0:46:58 And it was one of the most impactful books. I would say I’ve read in the last 10 years
    0:47:04 But I have no direct experience with holocaust survivors. What was that like and what did you learn?
    0:47:10 So interesting that we’re starting from there. So I think that if this was a man by primo levy is one of the most
    0:47:16 Powerful books one ought to read. I think it’s a unique a unique
    0:47:18 Testament
    0:47:23 So it’s very simple. There were 60 000 jews in belgium before the war
    0:47:32 The vast majority of them were decimated throughout the war and in camps and so after the war in group of
    0:47:39 Eastern european jews basically came to belgium through all kinds of means that’s kind of where they arrived
    0:47:41 and
    0:47:45 My parents who were both the sole survivors of their entire family
    0:47:50 Which means 200 people lost I guess on every side. They were both the youngest in their families
    0:47:54 My mother was in the camps from 18 to 22
    0:47:57 And my father from 25 to 31
    0:48:03 Actually, because the war started very early for them. So they came, you know with nothing
    0:48:08 They were legal refugees for three months who were meant to continue from there to other countries
    0:48:12 Where they had been given refugee status, but they chose not to leave
    0:48:17 And so they stayed for another five years as illegal refugees in belgium, which is very
    0:48:25 Telling for me right now with what’s going on in our country here and I am born later. So when I am born in 58 they already
    0:48:30 found a way to legalize themselves to become a belgian citizens and
    0:48:33 And I grew up in a different environment
    0:48:38 But I am growing up in a community of 20 000 jews that are all holocaust survivors
    0:48:44 That’s basically all we knew in the jewish community. Of course, there was the larger belgian community around
    0:48:51 And you know, you saw numbers you asked why don’t we have grandparents? You asked what are these numbers you
    0:48:57 It came with mothers milk is the best way I could say it. It was so ever present. We spoke yiddish
    0:49:01 German polish french and flemish in my home
    0:49:07 Depending on the subject matter we changed and depending on who was speaking to home the language changed
    0:49:12 But there were five vibrant interchangeable languages going on the whole time
    0:49:16 And if you can imagine that the language is a door to a world
    0:49:23 Then you can imagine how many worlds were coexisting at the same time that had nothing to do with each other
    0:49:29 Actually, I grew up above the store because most of the jews of antwerp were actually are in the diamond business
    0:49:32 My family was among the two percent that were not
    0:49:37 And so they had clothing stores and I grew up in the neighborhood where they were two jewish families
    0:49:42 So it’s like the daily store with the foreigner in the neighborhood, you know
    0:49:47 And you know who they are the two foreigners and they have an accent and they look different and the whole thing
    0:49:51 And I lived above the store and in this very popular
    0:49:54 neighborhood lower middle class neighborhood and
    0:50:00 Where we spoke actually not even just flemish, but we spoke dialect flemish from the street like from the hood
    0:50:06 The equivalent of the hood basically and I would straddle back and forth
    0:50:11 One of the ways I can describe it is my father when he turned 50 had two birthday parties
    0:50:19 One birthday party was for his jewish survivor friends that took place in yiddish and in polish and with a lot of vodka
    0:50:25 And one birthday party was with his flemish friends and that was in dialect and with a lot of beer
    0:50:33 And by the code by the drinks you knew exactly which world you were traveling in and
    0:50:39 How you had to behave and how much you could show that side of you versus the other side of you
    0:50:42 You know, and there was a sense I think
    0:50:48 Maybe more than anything when you grew up in that kind of a community you you grew up with the notion of impermanence
    0:50:56 That what is today could disappear any moment? I think that’s probably one of the strongest experiences
    0:51:01 You don’t ever think that there is a notion of you know, what is now will be there tomorrow
    0:51:06 You’d never know and so you learn to adapt to that notion of impermanence
    0:51:12 Of insecurity if you want and my parents were bourgeois, you know, they loved life
    0:51:20 They didn’t survive for nothing. They were going to enjoy at best and as I have often said they understood the erotic as an antidote to death
    0:51:24 As in they knew how to keep themselves alive and
    0:51:29 And and enjoy not everybody was like that. You had very different kind of moods
    0:51:31 They were storytellers
    0:51:37 So people would come from everywhere and they would tell about their life and their experiences and they were good storytellers
    0:51:41 Which means that they knew how to screen out and to could make you laugh and they didn’t make you
    0:51:47 Completely tense when you would listen and everybody wanted to know their stories. They were
    0:51:54 Amazing amazing amazing stories of survival of subversion of you know, my dad was illiterate
    0:51:57 He spoke five languages, but he was basically illiterate
    0:52:04 And he was a grand grand human being, you know, who had done a lot and had saved quantities of people
    0:52:06 because
    0:52:11 Yeah, I would say maybe the strongest value in that community or not the strongest
    0:52:14 But one of the very strong values one was definitely decency
    0:52:18 You know how you behave towards your fellow other people
    0:52:24 And the other one was to manage street smart to be street smart
    0:52:30 You know to know to survive basically to find your way out of situations and to be able to
    0:52:33 to survive survival was
    0:52:39 The central organizing experience of all these people and then the second experience was revival
    0:52:45 And I have so many different directions that I would love to take this. So I’ll try to do it one at a time
    0:52:50 Dialect Flemish from the hood. Could you give us any example?
    0:52:53 Of what street Flemish
    0:52:58 Sounds like or there are no mannequins. What do you think that is if cousin and warps for teller?
    0:53:03 So what did you just say? Yes, dude. Do you want me to say this in antrop dialect?
    0:53:07 How would you say? How are you in like what’s up in?
    0:53:16 Say that one more time. Oh boy. Yes. I’ll save my embarrassing rehearsal for when we meet in person
    0:53:30 I think you might have just insulted my ancestors, but I’m not sure what just happened
    0:53:36 I said I could say all of this in antrop dialect, but in order to be sure we all understand it
    0:53:41 I’m gonna tell my stories in English. That is a fantastic idea. So thank you for that. I love languages
    0:53:44 So I just wanted to hear something that I’d never heard before
    0:53:50 You mentioned that your parents were soul survivors in their families if I heard you correctly
    0:53:52 when you
    0:53:54 Look at your parents
    0:53:58 I don’t know if it was simply because of their age or other factors
    0:54:03 But when you look at your parents, so that would be the primary focus, but and that other soul survivors
    0:54:10 What did they credit the survival to? Oh, that is a great question. I did get to ask them these questions. So
    0:54:15 My mother she first spent one year in the woods at 18
    0:54:19 Running from farm to farm hiding in the woods of poland
    0:54:26 And then she was so terrified that she actually surrendered by herself to a camp to a labor camp
    0:54:28 To a man’s camp
    0:54:34 Because she thought if I am in a camp at least then probably will put me in the kitchens or in the laundry
    0:54:37 And I could at least wake up every morning in the same place
    0:54:44 My mother ended up going to nine different labor camps now labor camps were generally next door to the concentration camps
    0:54:46 And as long as you could work you were in a labor camp
    0:54:51 And if you were not selected that morning for transport then you could continue work
    0:54:54 But the distinction is often a very narrow distinction
    0:54:57 And my father was in 14 camps
    0:55:00 And my mother definitely
    0:55:04 So the rest of their families was either gas in treblinka or in
    0:55:08 Auschwitz basically his family in Auschwitz her family in treblinka
    0:55:13 My mother would say it was a combination of premonitious dreams
    0:55:18 She was very very superstitious and she really believed her dreams
    0:55:23 That would tell her tomorrow don’t go there tomorrow be a little bit late there tomorrow
    0:55:28 Make sure to have an extra layer of newspaper on your feet because it’s going to be really really cold
    0:55:33 She had all these premonitious dreams of her father talking to her and things like that
    0:55:38 And she will always say chance came first my father too
    0:55:41 I think ultimately both of them said chance came first
    0:55:45 And then there was what you did with the chance that was given to you
    0:55:50 So there is always a mixture between choice and coincidence choice and chance
    0:55:52 and my mother said
    0:55:58 She always made sure that she was clean, that she was groomed, that she was mending her socks
    0:56:01 That she maintained her humanity
    0:56:08 That she didn’t allow herself to become dehumanized and degraded the way that she was being treated by the nazis
    0:56:11 and my father
    0:56:16 My father when we went to visit Auschwitz actually ended up telling me a story of
    0:56:25 a dutch convoy that arrived of women and he somehow picked a woman out of the crowd and he decided that he would help this woman
    0:56:32 And basically the next day they were shaven and so he couldn’t even recognize her so he asked the capo
    0:56:38 Who is the other woman that he had mentioned noticed the day before and they began some correspondence
    0:56:43 Which I have no idea how he wrote because he couldn’t write and I never bothered asking him who wrote for you
    0:56:49 But he fell in love with this woman and he just decided that there were certain things that
    0:56:52 the Germans couldn’t take away from him
    0:56:58 and that had to do with feelings and with love in the most dire of circumstances and then
    0:57:05 He basically developed this black market in one of the camps where he was with his best friend where they were for almost a year and a half
    0:57:13 Where he ended up feeding 60 young men who would otherwise not have had enough to eat and therefore to work and therefore to survive
    0:57:19 And he ended up feeding the Nazis too. So when he got caught with those letters
    0:57:25 One of the Germans basically sent him back to the factories and said you’re not staying in here
    0:57:28 And factories meant you have one week to live basically
    0:57:36 But he had been feeding the german guy so well that the guy said I eat better when you work in the kitchens and he put him back in the kitchen
    0:57:42 And so he always said it was a combination of chance and ingenuity
    0:57:46 Street smart what he would call and doing for others
    0:57:52 Doing for others gave you a purpose to stay alive and to wake up in the morning
    0:57:54 if you
    0:57:57 look at then the survivors whether by
    0:58:00 Chance first like you mentioned
    0:58:04 choice some combination of those factors and others
    0:58:08 You mentioned survival and revival when you look at the
    0:58:12 survivors who ended up
    0:58:14 Being able to revive themselves
    0:58:20 And who did not so the third reason my mother always said is that she always thought
    0:58:24 That they wanted her to stay alive because if the others were not going to make it
    0:58:31 They needed to be at least someone from the family and she always thought that she would somehow be reunited with somebody
    0:58:37 So she maintained this very deep connection inside of her that they were waiting for her somewhere
    0:58:44 Then they realized that there was nobody. So, you know, it’s an interesting question that I organized in my mind like this
    0:58:47 And I organized it when I was actually
    0:58:51 Writing mating my first book mating in captivity at the time
    0:58:57 I had a conversation with my husband who was working with survivors of torture and political violence
    0:59:00 And I would ask him when do you know?
    0:59:03 That people come back and what does it mean to come back?
    0:59:09 Right come back from different war zones to come back from having been kidnapped to come back from solitary confinement
    0:59:12 And what does it mean to come back to life?
    0:59:15 And then as we were talking it became very clear that
    0:59:21 When you reconnect with life not just when you are surviving but when you are living
    0:59:24 It means that you’re once again able to take risks
    0:59:26 able to
    0:59:28 Broach out to go into the world
    0:59:34 Able to play because you cannot play if you are in a constant state of vigilance and guardedness
    0:59:37 and able to trust
    0:59:42 And then I talked to myself. Oh my god. This is so much what I saw in Antwerp
    0:59:47 You know, I remember since my entire classroom where children of similar families
    0:59:53 That there were always two groups of families in my community and then I decided that I would call this
    0:59:55 There was one group that did not die
    0:59:58 And one group that came back to life
    0:59:59 And
    1:00:03 The did not die you could feel it when you went to their houses
    1:00:09 You know, they often had plastics over the couches and the the curtains were pulled down. It was morbid
    1:00:14 It was just, you know, you you’re not dead, but you’re not celebrating your life
    1:00:19 You certainly are not enjoying because if you enjoy then you are not being careful
    1:00:24 And you have guilt you often have survival guilt. Why am I here and none of the others made it?
    1:00:32 And you are weighted down and the world is a dangerous place and you are not to trust anyone outside the family and all of that
    1:00:35 And then I thought there is those who came back to life
    1:00:39 And that’s what led me actually to really want to explore. What is eroticism?
    1:00:46 What is this antidote to death? How in the face of adversity do you continue to imagine yourself?
    1:00:53 Rising above it connected to joy to love to pleasure to beauty to adventure to mystery to all of that
    1:00:55 And those people
    1:00:56 You know, it was very interesting
    1:01:03 You had people who came together because they were the survivors of this camp and the survivors of that camp and then you had people who came together
    1:01:10 For this kind of holiday or that kind of celebration and they never discussed their experiences. It was all implicit
    1:01:13 But they were together and they
    1:01:20 They were charging ahead at life, you know, the first thing they did when they would come out of the camps, by the way, is have a child
    1:01:24 Because i’m alone you’re alone. I have nothing you have nothing
    1:01:29 Let’s get married and let’s have children because if we have a child and we know that we are still human
    1:01:34 We are able to procreate and we create legacy and they didn’t kill everything off
    1:01:40 And so my parents, you know, they planted trees in all kinds of places in the world
    1:01:46 They put plaques on in the memory of all the other people of their families. My mother at one point received ten thousand dollars
    1:01:50 In 99 she received ten thousand dollars from one of the factories
    1:01:54 Of slave labor and then like decades later
    1:02:01 She took the ten thousand dollars and she went and planted an entire forest that had just burned and she replanted the forest because
    1:02:03 It was like affirming life
    1:02:07 With a sense of defiance. You didn’t all die inside
    1:02:11 Um, and I think it’s that energy that life force that really
    1:02:15 I think defines and this is true for my community
    1:02:22 But I would apply this to any large scale trauma that community is experienced. I don’t think it’s unique
    1:02:25 I agree and
    1:02:27 I don’t know why I want to ask you this question right now, but you mentioned
    1:02:30 trust as
    1:02:32 One of the elements one of the ingredients in
    1:02:36 The group that was revived that was living and not just
    1:02:39 having avoided death
    1:02:42 Do you think that and these are not mutually exclusive but
    1:02:48 Does trust come first and then vulnerability or does vulnerability come first and that’s how you develop trust?
    1:02:54 That depends on your theory of trust. This is the big debate on trust theorists
    1:03:00 Rachel botsman will tell you that trust is an active engagement with the unknown
    1:03:06 You know, so that’s one direction and the other direction is that it is the actual experience of
    1:03:12 Unity that allows you to then trust and it goes in both directions
    1:03:15 It really I don’t think there is a definitive answer for that
    1:03:19 And maybe it’s not an either or but it’s a both ends both end right
    1:03:24 You know for some people it’s like do you need to know in order to taste?
    1:03:28 Or do you want to taste first and then be told what it was?
    1:03:34 Definitely depends on what type of cuisine and what type of chef
    1:03:38 But I understand needs to be able to trust
    1:03:43 In order to get off from your lap and to run into the world and to
    1:03:47 Become and to explore and discover and play and be gone in their own space
    1:03:49 And at the same time
    1:03:56 It is the act of doing all of that and coming back to base and sitting themselves popping themselves back on your lap
    1:04:03 That reinforces the trust. I actually tend to think more in dialectic terms at both ends rather than either or but I think
    1:04:07 It’s a fantastic question the question of trust, you know
    1:04:09 Does the act of trusting
    1:04:16 Release the option the possibilities to experience the vulnerability or is the vulnerability of the unknown
    1:04:21 That you actually engage with ultimately what builds the trust, right?
    1:04:24 This is something I’ve been thinking quite a lot about but I want to
    1:04:26 also ask you about
    1:04:28 impermanence and
    1:04:29 I’ve tried to
    1:04:32 focus much more in a sense on
    1:04:34 things that
    1:04:40 Are impermanent in my life in the last year year and a half and in part that was a result of a conversation
    1:04:42 I had on this podcast with
    1:04:47 BJ Miller who is a hospice care physician. So he’s helped more than a thousand people to die
    1:04:52 Great guy. He lives here. We were at Ted together. So yes. So fantastic guy
    1:04:57 I was actually so I went to Princeton undergraduate and he was one of the warning stories because
    1:05:03 He lost three of his limbs in an electrocution accident a few years before I went to school there
    1:05:08 I asked him what purchase of less than a hundred dollars had most positively impacted his life in the last
    1:05:11 You know six months a year or whatever
    1:05:15 He could pull from memory and he mentioned a bottle of wine and it wasn’t an expensive bottle of wine
    1:05:20 And the reason he mentioned it was and I’m gonna paraphrase here, but he said it was the fact that it went away
    1:05:22 and
    1:05:24 How that
    1:05:27 Encouraged you to enjoy something that you knew wasn’t permanent
    1:05:34 And so I’ve thought about that a lot since and how to not fear things being impermanent, but really use it as
    1:05:37 a source of leverage to
    1:05:39 maximally enjoy those things while you can
    1:05:41 and
    1:05:44 I’m curious how your parents ability
    1:05:46 to
    1:05:53 Savor impermanence impacted you or your behaviors or your routines or anything if it did I don’t know
    1:05:56 Oh, I would say in two ways
    1:06:00 First of all, I’m rather voracious in living
    1:06:06 If there’s one more experience I can have one more thing I can discover one more place I can travel to
    1:06:09 One more conversation that could be interesting
    1:06:15 I am quite voracious not because I’m insatiable, but because a part of me always says who knows what will be tomorrow
    1:06:19 Right, you know, I don’t live with that. There is always a tomorrow
    1:06:24 I live with who knows if there will be a tomorrow and that’s very simple
    1:06:29 And then the other thing I would say that’s that may be something that’s not always so known about me
    1:06:35 But I also live in a bit of a what we call in my jargon a counter phobic
    1:06:39 Way, which means I act as if I’m fearless
    1:06:41 But I’m actually
    1:06:43 petrified with dread
    1:06:48 Please elaborate counter phobic act as if I’m fearless counter phobic means like I
    1:06:52 I act like it doesn’t not nothing but like there’s a lot of things I do that
    1:06:58 Could be very scary sometimes to other people anyway and and I live it as if I have no fear
    1:07:04 You know, even today I was driving down on on on my bike and and I was thinking like last week
    1:07:10 It was filled with snow here. Why am I always just pushing the edge and seeing if I can get away with it?
    1:07:15 And you know the truth is I got on my bike in the snow and and I realized there was no way
    1:07:21 I was gonna be able to do this and I put the bike back, but I was thinking how many times I do things
    1:07:26 Thinking nothing’s gonna happen. And at the same time as I do it. I think
    1:07:31 At some points something bad is gonna happen. It’s that what I mean
    1:07:36 It’s like I live I you would think that and I wouldn’t do it if I think something bad can happen
    1:07:37 It would stop me
    1:07:41 But no I do it and at the same time I think something bad is gonna happen every day
    1:07:46 I think something bad’s gonna happen. Do you wish that were different or do you think that helps you?
    1:07:49 In some way, oh god
    1:07:54 I wish it was different. I mean, yes, I’m sure it pushes me and stuff
    1:07:58 But there must be a way to live without that constant fear like that
    1:08:03 It prepares me very well for the modern times we live in I can tolerate a lot of uncertainty
    1:08:06 And the the political climate we’re in all of that
    1:08:10 But today in Antwerp, there was another car that drove on the main drag
    1:08:15 Driving into people, you know, it’s like that’s not a surprise to me. I expect it
    1:08:19 That’s what I mean. It’s like I live with that expectation
    1:08:24 It’s just a matter of when not a matter of if but I think it creates a level of anxiety
    1:08:31 That I don’t wish on anybody. No, I don’t think it’s it’s normal. I think it’s normal given the history I come from
    1:08:34 I don’t think it’s a good way to live
    1:08:38 Well, let’s talk about this antidote that you mentioned
    1:08:42 Earlier, so the the erotic as an antidote to death, but actually
    1:08:45 I’m going to interrupt myself and before we get there
    1:08:48 How old were you when you went to Jerusalem?
    1:08:50 18 18
    1:08:55 And why did you go to Jerusalem? Was that your choice? Someone else’s suggestion? Why did that happen?
    1:09:00 So before I went to Jerusalem, I actually came to the states and I hitchhiked across the country
    1:09:04 for seven weeks in 1976
    1:09:06 calculate
    1:09:08 you know in the bicentennial and
    1:09:15 At the time you could still hitchhike very freely and I had one of the most formative experiences of my life
    1:09:20 Because I saw America like I don’t think I will ever see it again since I had zero reference
    1:09:27 I had no judgment and I just was welcoming of anybody who was willing to pick me up and take me in
    1:09:32 I really saw the country in and out in ways and I wish my kids could have an experience like this
    1:09:39 But I don’t know that this is happening these days and then I went to Jerusalem because I didn’t want to study in Belgium
    1:09:42 I didn’t like the university system in Belgium. Why not?
    1:09:48 Why not because we have a system where you have to study a curriculum that is prepared by the teacher
    1:09:54 And you have to regurgitate it and study it rather by heart and I thought it was a 19th century system
    1:09:57 It really was not at all
    1:10:02 A useful way of learning and I had done that already for 12 years before, you know, I studied Latin
    1:10:07 I studied Greek five six hours a week. I mean, I have the whole classic education humanistic education
    1:10:11 And I thought Jerusalem was mysterious mystical beautiful
    1:10:13 complex
    1:10:20 You know in in the middle of these hotbeds of all religions and we were going to Israel a lot with my family so that
    1:10:24 It’s not like it was a place I didn’t know and I thought
    1:10:28 It was the one place that I could leave to study abroad with my parents blessing
    1:10:36 So it was very very easy. It’s like for them, you know, you didn’t come to study in America at that time or
    1:10:41 And I had a choice between I was very passionate about theater and
    1:10:45 My mother said if you want to do theater, you stay in Belgium
    1:10:49 And if you want to travel then you have to go to university. I want you to have a structure
    1:10:55 And I thought if it’s university, the Hebrew University is a great university
    1:10:58 The city is magnificent and at the time it was
    1:11:04 Really a spectacular place and it was much more open than it is now and I thought what an adventure
    1:11:09 I mean, I didn’t need much explanation at that time. It didn’t make sense and it made perfect sense
    1:11:14 If you look back at your time in Belgium and Jerusalem, were there any
    1:11:16 particular mentors
    1:11:23 Who leap out at you if you had to give them credit for helping steer your life in the direction that it’s gone or
    1:11:30 Help you to make any very important decisions. Is there anyone who really jumps out at you besides your parents?
    1:11:33 It’s interesting. You’re asking me today because I am
    1:11:35 Going to
    1:11:39 Washington tomorrow to a big psychotherapy conference called the
    1:11:44 The psychotherapy symposium and I am doing an homage to my mentor
    1:11:47 But the mentor from America who is 95
    1:11:53 And I have been asked to be one of three people to be the the person to thank him
    1:11:56 So I’m in the midst of this experience right now
    1:12:00 I’m going to say to one of the most influential teachers of my life
    1:12:04 We could also talk about that 95 year old mentor. That’s totally fine as well or both
    1:12:10 Both that I mean, it’s an interesting question. I am the product of mentorship
    1:12:14 This is true throughout from the Hebrew University to
    1:12:19 Cambridge, Massachusetts to studying with Salvador Mnuchin. That’s the name of this mentor
    1:12:22 I have been mentored
    1:12:27 Pretty much throughout but even in my adolescence through my theater teacher and dance teacher
    1:12:33 Mainly because my parents could always help me with any of these things. They had zero reference to the world. I lived in
    1:12:38 I sought teachers. I sought mentors. I sought
    1:12:42 People who could help me integrate in belgium life who could help me
    1:12:48 Believe in myself as well, you know guide me my brother. That’s definitely one of them
    1:12:50 Every book I read was recommended by him
    1:12:57 But I am totally the product of mentorship. It’s like I sought them out one after the other
    1:13:01 I this man that I’m going to be commemorating tomorrow is alive
    1:13:06 But Salvador Mnuchin who is one of the fathers of the field of systemic family therapy
    1:13:08 How do you spell Salvador’s last name?
    1:13:12 Mnuchin M-I-N-U-C-H-I-N
    1:13:13 Got it. Mnuchin. Thank you.
    1:13:15 Argentinian. I mean
    1:13:21 You know, you’re anointed when you have studied with him. It’s like studying with Freud but a century later
    1:13:26 I knocked at his door. I arrived to New York. I was here. I knew I have a year to be in New York
    1:13:31 I knocked at his door and I said can I come and observe? He looked at me like who are you?
    1:13:36 And that’s the story I’m going to tell tomorrow. Like at the time you could still knock at somebody’s door and say
    1:13:38 I want to learn from you
    1:13:42 You inspire me and then he let me stay there 10 weeks and then after 10 weeks
    1:13:46 He said that’s it. That’s about as much as one can learn from from observing
    1:13:51 You can go now and I said no no no no no I have to you know, please please let me stay that kind of day
    1:13:54 And then he always says like I entered through the window, you know
    1:14:04 So I actually want to sorry to interrupt but I want to dig a little deeper on that because I am constantly asked
    1:14:06 by
    1:14:10 Well, I’m asked to mentor which usually means unpaid consultant for life
    1:14:12 So I don’t often say yes to that but
    1:14:17 The question of how should I approach mentors or how should I
    1:14:21 seek people out like Salvador and
    1:14:28 Someone along the lines of your story a little bit different, but I remember professor who had a profound impact on me
    1:14:30 Ed Schau who is at Princeton and
    1:14:32 Was a very eclectic character
    1:14:37 He was similar in his appeal to me as Richard Feynman because they were so diverse in their interest
    1:14:39 So he was a competitive figure skater had taken
    1:14:44 Several companies public was the first I believe the first computer science professor at
    1:14:48 Stanford because the person who was supposed to teach it didn’t show up
    1:14:51 And then the administration asked if anyone would volunteer and he did
    1:14:55 I was a congressman for a few terms and I really wanted to be in his class
    1:14:57 but I came back from overseas
    1:15:03 And I was late to apply to this class which had become very very popular called high tech entrepreneurship
    1:15:05 So I went to the first class
    1:15:11 And I appealed to him and I said I’ll sit on the floor. I’ll clean the erasers. I’ll do whatever is necessary
    1:15:13 Can I just sit in on a few classes?
    1:15:16 It was a somewhat similar approach
    1:15:21 But when people ask you and I’m sure they do how should I seek out mentors? How should I?
    1:15:26 Approach people I want to learn from what advice would you give them and maybe
    1:15:32 Any specifics from what you’ve done in the past? Did you just knock on the door of his classroom or was it his office?
    1:15:38 His classroom. I mean I called I said I am in New York and so and so suggested that I commit with you
    1:15:42 I would love to learn with you. I had nothing no credentials. I had no reason to be there
    1:15:48 Could I please me? No, it was like get my foot in the door. I like like you. I would have done exactly what you did
    1:15:52 I would have said I’ll do anything. I’ll bring you coffee every morning
    1:15:57 Can I just be here because I just needed my foot in the door and then I can start thinking and now what?
    1:16:01 I and I admire the people who do that with me
    1:16:04 I have to say when they come and they fly and they write and they say
    1:16:08 You I’ve been reading you. I’ve been, you know, and then they show me
    1:16:12 Not just I’d like you or I or I admire you
    1:16:17 But also they say a few things that let me know that they get what I’m talking about
    1:16:25 So I also feel deeply understood and then I feel like oh man. I was there. I was that 21 year old, you know
    1:16:26 and
    1:16:29 I had no papers. I had no visa. I mean I was
    1:16:32 I came here with love and fresh water really
    1:16:36 And that’s what I mean street smart. It’s like
    1:16:42 You know refugee go for it knock at the doors and if they say no come back again
    1:16:47 If at the third time if you don’t act crazy, they will understand that you are deeply motivated
    1:16:54 And if you do it with somebody who did it too that if you don’t that crazy is a really important bolded part of that sense
    1:16:58 It’s very, you know, you have to be really, you’re not a cuckoo
    1:17:02 You’re not like just some loose screw, but you really show that
    1:17:07 You I see you and I want your trajectory or I want to learn from your trajectory
    1:17:10 After 10 weeks when he said you’re out
    1:17:14 I and I said please please he said you can be a fly on the wall
    1:17:19 And I said fine. I’ll be a fly on the wall. You will I will melt in the wall
    1:17:25 You know, let me be as invisible as can be and then one day
    1:17:30 There was a couple that was there a family and it was actually a holocaust survivor family
    1:17:34 We were working with the with the therapist behind the one-way mirror. That’s how we were learning at the time
    1:17:41 And then somehow suddenly he looks at me and he says you there in the back. Don’t you know something about this?
    1:17:44 He said what would you do?
    1:17:50 You know, and then I like spouted something out and then he says that’s an interesting thought go tell them
    1:17:53 And he literally sends me to the other side of the
    1:17:56 Into the session
    1:18:00 You know and I thought oh, I’m no longer invisible. I exist
    1:18:02 and uh
    1:18:06 And that was the beginning then I worked with him for the next four years
    1:18:11 That’s amazing. So hot spa is the word in Yiddish. Oh, yes hot spa
    1:18:18 Hot spa hot spa good healthy creative imaginative hot spa. Yeah, I need more hot spa
    1:18:23 I’m not saying correctly and less. Yeah, he’s saying it perfectly way less less mischie gas, right?
    1:18:28 Is that it’s mischie gas? Yes, yes, exactly less crazy, but you know
    1:18:34 I think that mentors I agree that sometimes it’s kind of consultant for life, but sometimes
    1:18:39 It’s just you must have had authors or books or musicians
    1:18:45 Those that you read when you were young that kind of really shaped you and it’s a very strange thing when suddenly
    1:18:48 You become a shaping force in someone else’s life
    1:18:54 For some reason you speak to them and I am always curious why me like
    1:18:59 What is it that I say because other people talk about some of these things that
    1:19:01 touches you
    1:19:05 That you would want to come here from far away countries
    1:19:11 Just to meet with me and on occasion. I’ll go and have a cup of coffee with these people or you know
    1:19:18 I have responded more than once just by the way they write the letter. It’s all in how they write that mail to me
    1:19:21 I can’t explain, you know, it’s no logic
    1:19:28 Are there any key ingredients that you can think of I’ll share from my side as well. So one of the things
    1:19:29 that
    1:19:36 And we both get I’m sure a lot more inbound than we could possibly ever respond to but one of the things that
    1:19:40 I would say certainly there’s a can’t be 10 pages long, but that’s obvious
    1:19:44 I would say that very often people think that it is a form of
    1:19:51 Optimism that’ll be rewarded if they end with and I look forward to your favorable response or how about next Tuesday
    1:19:55 And I’m not personally someone who generally responds to that very well
    1:19:58 I’m I’m more likely to respond if they close with
    1:20:05 Something like I completely understand if I never hear from you because you must have an incredible amount of
    1:20:10 Inbound requests like this, but if you’ve read this far, thank you at least for reading this far
    1:20:13 It lets me off the hook counter intuitively
    1:20:16 maybe that makes it more likely that
    1:20:19 I’ll respond because I perceive they have some
    1:20:22 Empathy or ability to understand
    1:20:25 The situation that I’m in so that would be one in
    1:20:30 contributing ingredient for me and then the other I remember I ended up hiring
    1:20:36 Someone years ago to work on help me work on the four-hour body and and some other projects
    1:20:41 Because he heard me talking about things that I needed or read about
    1:20:45 Certain projects I was going to be working on and he said oh, I just went ahead and did a b c d and e
    1:20:48 Here’s the work. You don’t have to respond. I just thought this would be helpful
    1:20:51 And I was like, well, okay, that’s very proactive
    1:20:54 What about yourself?
    1:21:01 Yes, it’s a combination. I mean what you just described for me. It’s a combination between boldness and humility
    1:21:06 Right, you know the boldness is I’m going to do this. I’ve been reading you
    1:21:11 I’ve been listening to you something in the way you say it strikes it right for me
    1:21:17 But I don’t expect it. I totally know what I’m asking you and it would mean an enormous amount
    1:21:21 You have no reason to do this, but if you were to do this
    1:21:25 It could change my life. It would mean so much
    1:21:28 It’s not so much that I can say no or yes
    1:21:32 It’s that they really understand the vulnerability of the requests you feel that they
    1:21:38 They are prepared for you to say no and they are so if they were to hear a yes
    1:21:44 It would mean so much and I have been there. I remember, you know, I’ve been that person so
    1:21:48 You can’t write to me as if you already know everything
    1:21:53 But at the same time you have to be bold enough to want to say what do I have to lose
    1:21:57 What do I have to lose and then they say sometimes I have never written something like this and then
    1:22:03 I would probably say one thing for me that makes a difference is if they just say, you know, I’ve always wanted to be
    1:22:07 a therapist who works with sexuality and couples
    1:22:14 No, but if they say in the way if they reflect back something about me in which I recognize myself
    1:22:17 And it’s a mirror that I like to look in at
    1:22:23 Then I feel like they really get what I’m about and what I’m talking. They’re not just projecting on to me
    1:22:25 You know
    1:22:32 That helps that I feel also really understood. It’s a variation of what you’re describing in terms of the empathy
    1:22:37 So I think it’s similar. It’s a different wording for something that’s quite similar to what you’re describing
    1:22:39 Does sound similar
    1:22:42 So I promise to get back to this and I know people are going to want to dig into this
    1:22:48 We’ll continue to bounce all over the place. But you mentioned the the erotic as an antidote to death
    1:22:55 What is eroticism and can you explain what you mean by it being an antidote to death?
    1:22:58 animals have sex and we have
    1:23:06 The erotic and the erotic is sexuality that is transformed by our human imagination
    1:23:12 The erotic is the meaning that you attribute to sexuality. It’s the poetics of sex
    1:23:15 It’s not nature
    1:23:20 Instinct primary force. It’s everything that gives it a meaning and in a context
    1:23:25 It’s everything that turns sex not into an act
    1:23:30 But into a place you go not just something you do but a place that you go
    1:23:37 And that place that you go is a place where you connect with vibrancy with aliveness with renewal
    1:23:39 with life force
    1:23:41 with vitality
    1:23:43 with mystery
    1:23:49 And that’s why it becomes an antidote to death. So that’s why people often talk about it in spiritual terms in religious terms
    1:23:51 It has a transcending quality to it
    1:23:57 It’s really the more mystical meaning of the word erotic eros zoar life force
    1:24:05 It’s really modernity that narrowed the meaning of eroticism to something that is more blatantly sexual rather than life force
    1:24:07 but that life force
    1:24:11 Often expressed through the sex takes on a whole other dimension
    1:24:12 so
    1:24:14 for me
    1:24:19 To understand that I wasn’t just working on sexuality because i’m not interested in what people do the act
    1:24:25 You know, you can do sex and feel nothing women have done sex and felt dead for centuries
    1:24:27 It’s really that other side of it
    1:24:33 And that you don’t have to do much of anything your own imagination. You know, we are the only ones who can have
    1:24:41 Sex for hours, you know blissful sex and and a wonderful connection and and orgasms and all the likes and never touch anybody
    1:24:43 just because we can imagine it and that
    1:24:51 Imagination is ability to transport ourselves outside of this moment that we are in into something completely different
    1:24:56 That is the erotic elan and I am very interested in that because
    1:25:01 Because I work with people who come and complain about the loss of desire and the loss of that energy
    1:25:08 And they want to reconnect with that force and they don’t know why they lose it and they confuse it with arousal
    1:25:10 and it has not much to do with that
    1:25:14 And you know, when people complain about the listlessness of their sex lives
    1:25:19 They sometimes may come want more sex, but they always want better and that better
    1:25:26 When you analyze it with them, it’s about that life force that vitality that vibrancy that mystery that
    1:25:32 imaginative play that curiosity curiosity is an essential ingredient of the erotic
    1:25:38 And that’s what they want to reconnect with and so then that metaphor that I talked before about not dead
    1:25:40 Versus alive
    1:25:45 Survival versus revival. That’s you know, you can survive and have sex and have children
    1:25:47 But you may feel dead
    1:25:51 Whereas you can have an experience in which you feel utterly alive and you’re in your 80s
    1:25:57 And you do whatever 80 year old people do it doesn’t really matter because the force transcends the act
    1:26:03 And that’s for me the interest of working on eroticism. I work with people who want to feel alive
    1:26:08 if you say look at your group of of patients and
    1:26:11 You then look at a subset who are
    1:26:17 What they would consider happily married in the sense or happily in a committed relationship
    1:26:20 Maybe committed is too loaded a term. They’re happily in a relationship
    1:26:26 And they don’t want to leave that relationship. There are many incredible elements of that
    1:26:31 Yet they’ve hit that point which many people have hit certainly. I’ve hit before
    1:26:36 I’m very good. Let’s make this personal. So I’m very good at monogamy. I can do it
    1:26:39 I’m very very good at it. But after say a year a year and a half
    1:26:43 I have to where I feel like I have to suffocate a part of myself
    1:26:47 That sort of subjugates my sex drive so that I don’t
    1:26:53 Wander and that ends up affecting sex with my primary partner with my partner in this case
    1:27:00 So if you’re talking to these people and they hit a point where they feel sex drive decrease or listlessness
    1:27:05 What do you view as the ethical options that are on the table to address that?
    1:27:08 Okay, but they are
    1:27:14 Like four sub topics. Yes. No, exactly. There’s there’s there’s there’s a lot a lot of that that was probably
    1:27:21 Far too complex a question. But I suppose making it personal is leading me to do that. So no, no, no, it’s it’s
    1:27:23 you know, so
    1:27:26 mating in captivity for me was really
    1:27:29 A conversation
    1:27:32 On that very question that you just asked, right?
    1:27:35 People would come to me and they would say we love each other very much
    1:27:41 We have no sex or we love each other very much. Where is the desire?
    1:27:46 Which was very different from the traditional model that you would normally learn in school
    1:27:48 Which was of course if there is no sex people mustn’t love each other
    1:27:56 Because when one leads automatically to the other and therefore sexual problems are always the consequence of relationship problems
    1:28:01 And you should fix the relationship and the sex will automatically follow. That was the premise
    1:28:06 And I decided to question that premise because it didn’t really work like that in my office
    1:28:11 I saw people who got along much better and it still didn’t change anything for the desire
    1:28:15 And so I began to ask what is the relationship between love and desire?
    1:28:16 Yeah
    1:28:21 So that’s the first one is what does that mean? This is is desire faded to degrade
    1:28:25 You know, is the degradation of desire inevitable and what does it mean?
    1:28:31 And how does one rekindle it and can one rekindle it and can you want what you already have?
    1:28:34 Which is the fundamental question of desire?
    1:28:38 And then there is the second part to what you’re asking which is the question of monogamy
    1:28:42 And when you say I can do monogamy very well for a year
    1:28:46 Then you are defining monogamy by one criteria only
    1:28:52 At least in the way I’ve understood you where you speak is that you’re defining monogamy as a sexual exclusivity
    1:28:55 Sure in this particular case. That’s what that means
    1:28:59 But that’s one definition of monogamy because you know
    1:29:03 Monogamy is a term that has continuously evolved in its meaning, right?
    1:29:06 I mean for most of history monogamy was one person for life
    1:29:09 At this point monogamy is one person at a time
    1:29:11 Right, right
    1:29:15 And everybody goes around saying I’m monogamous in all my relationships, you know
    1:29:21 Well, that doesn’t mean I had like an orgy in it every five minutes. It was one person at a time
    1:29:23 It did. No, I know I’m kidding
    1:29:30 We have a model of sequential monogamy, you know, we don’t arrive monogamous to our relationships
    1:29:34 We’ve had previous ones. So at this point, where does monogamy exist in reality?
    1:29:37 But not in your history and not in your fantasies
    1:29:45 So that’s another consideration and then there is you know, maybe if we stop just looking at monogamy
    1:29:51 From the exclusivity model because the exclusivity model is an economics model monogamy
    1:29:54 Generally throughout history has been an imposition on women
    1:30:00 It has not necessarily been a requirement for men. In fact, men practically had a license not to be
    1:30:04 And they have had all kinds of theories to justify why they shouldn’t have to be
    1:30:08 Because we needed to know about paternity and about patrimony and lineage
    1:30:14 So monogamy had nothing to do with love. It had everything to do with an economic system
    1:30:19 That word has transformed since romanticism so much that at this point
    1:30:28 I think that the conversation about monogamy should probably be less a conversation about sex and sexual boundaries and sexual exclusivity
    1:30:30 and more about
    1:30:33 the multiplicity of relationship configurations
    1:30:36 In which monogamy may be more emotionally
    1:30:41 Determined rather than just sexually determined like gay couples have done forever
    1:30:46 I think we need to loosen up the term not totally trash it or not totally
    1:30:52 Bind it but certainly untie it, you know loosen it up and redefine it
    1:30:53 Now
    1:30:55 Within that it’s a choice
    1:30:58 Monogamy it’s something you choose to practice
    1:31:02 When you keep it in the definition you want and then the question is
    1:31:07 What do people do with their toward the desires with their other attractions?
    1:31:13 Definitely, they have them they can acknowledge them. They can have a relationship in which they
    1:31:16 Negotiate with each other what to do with these other desires
    1:31:23 They can hopefully not always interpret them as you’re not enough, which is the most powerful
    1:31:26 reaction that people have today to that term and
    1:31:32 The majority of people have practiced proclaimed monogamy and clandestine adultery
    1:31:35 And that’s been the dominant model. Sure, you know
    1:31:40 The question is simply do people want to have a negotiation with themselves that is private and secretive?
    1:31:45 Or do people want to incorporate this as part of the conversation of couple making at this point?
    1:31:49 We’re not meant to have desire for one person for life
    1:31:53 For 60 years that is not how we were conceived neither way
    1:31:57 We have a conceived of having 60 year relationships with the same person either for that matter
    1:32:00 So we are left with a host of new
    1:32:07 Questions about the nature of erotic desire given first of all that for until very recently
    1:32:10 We didn’t have sex in relationships just because of a desire
    1:32:14 We had it for procreation and generally for women it was a marital duty
    1:32:17 So sex that is rooted in free will
    1:32:23 For pleasure and connection just because we want it and with you and hopefully at the same time and so forth
    1:32:25 Is a very new model
    1:32:28 And we are all grappling with it
    1:32:34 Everybody’s wondering, you know, what do you do with the loss of desire? How important is sex anyway?
    1:32:42 Can the relationship sustain without sex? Can the relationship sustain with sex with others while having a relationship?
    1:32:48 What are the boundaries? I mean, this is the conversation of modern love is one of them anyway
    1:32:51 There’s a few but this is one of the dominant conversation of modern love
    1:32:56 So I don’t know if I’ve I’ve I’ve answered you but I hope I’ve kind of
    1:33:00 Highlighted some of the the flashpoints. You have and I think we can
    1:33:04 I mean, we’ve we’ve got the time so we’re going to keep going you mentioned
    1:33:10 And I think this is a very important observation that you know adultery used to threaten
    1:33:15 Economic stability now it threatens more so emotional stability
    1:33:22 Although in some senses certainly if you’re within the legal construct of marriage there can be economic ramifications certainly
    1:33:24 and
    1:33:26 I’m going to bring it home to
    1:33:30 San Francisco for a second. So I live in San Francisco. That’s home base
    1:33:37 And I’ve tried different relationship configurations in the past. I’m not married. I don’t have kids
    1:33:42 And I’ve had some wonderful relationships. I’d say for the last 10 to 15 years. I’ve I’ve done a better job of
    1:33:48 Setting my own boundaries understanding other people’s boundaries making sure that all those are very explicit
    1:33:50 So that whatever agreement we have
    1:33:55 At the very least the agreement is clear. So I’ve had some really good relationships
    1:33:57 What I’ve seen in the last say
    1:34:01 Let’s call it five years. It’s certainly existed for longer than that
    1:34:05 But whether it’s books like more than two or opening up or or others
    1:34:09 There is a trend at least in the Bay Area for people to try what they would consider
    1:34:12 monogamish or
    1:34:13 polyamorous
    1:34:15 relationships and
    1:34:17 I have
    1:34:19 Just in the cohort that I’ve
    1:34:22 Observed and there are a lot in the Bay Area
    1:34:27 The always honest all the time radical candor approach
    1:34:30 seems to
    1:34:35 implode with pretty spectacular fireworks on a regular basis. So the
    1:34:40 question I want to pose is is there such a thing as too much honesty?
    1:34:42 and
    1:34:44 How do you think about that when you are?
    1:34:47 Advising
    1:34:52 How do you think about it whether yourself or in your own relationships or how do you advise your clients?
    1:34:57 When they’re grappling with this, you know, should we because for instance, I’ll give you and
    1:35:02 For you out there who are sensitive earmuffs cover your ears, but there are people out there who
    1:35:06 Can have a high tolerance for say what they would call
    1:35:09 Compersion for people who who don’t know that word that is
    1:35:14 At least the way it’s been explained to me getting gratification or pleasure from someone else’s pleasure
    1:35:18 So if your partner is having sex with someone else, you derive a certain amount of pleasure from that
    1:35:22 I know couples who have tried this because they’ve been told it’s a more highly evolved
    1:35:29 Approach and so they’ll sit down to dinner and the let’s just say in a heteronormative relationship
    1:35:33 The male will say so what was it like having so and so inside you last night?
    1:35:37 And they’ll try to have that conversation and everything blows apart at the axels
    1:35:42 And it just doesn’t work. There’s some people for whom it works very well
    1:35:45 But how much honesty is too much honesty? Is there such a thing as too much honesty?
    1:35:47 Are there other parameters
    1:35:49 That you’ve seen work for people? Yes
    1:35:55 But you see I think that you want to there are two different cultural systems here so
    1:36:00 When it comes to the polyamorous model in san francisco
    1:36:06 You know, it is a bit of a growing movement in the hotbeds of startup cultures like
    1:36:11 Like silicon valley because it’s people who choose a lifestyle that has to do with an
    1:36:18 entrepreneurial mindset that aspires to greater freedom of choice to authenticity and flexibility
    1:36:26 And so there’s a kind of a marriage between the community that lives there and the appeal of a more polyamorous life
    1:36:28 but for me
    1:36:36 The question of honesty is actually much broader than it extends way beyond and I think look you live in the united states and america
    1:36:41 prides itself on being a pragmatic culture and as a pragmatic culture
    1:36:47 it likes unvarnished directness and it has all kinds of expressions for
    1:36:55 Conflating honesty with factual truth. Say it as it is. Don’t beat around the bush get to the point
    1:36:59 I mean, there are so many expressions in this culture that favor
    1:37:02 explicit statement
    1:37:04 Versus more
    1:37:07 opaque communication
    1:37:13 You know that conflates the concept of the moral cure of honesty has to do with truth-telling and transparency
    1:37:19 That’s the definition. There are many cultures in which honesty means something very different
    1:37:26 Honesty is not about you know laying it all out there. It’s actually about thinking about what the consequences will be for the other person
    1:37:31 To live with the truth. It’s not a confessional model. It’s not rooted in protestantism
    1:37:37 So honesty is not about I have to tell you everything I feel or everything I’ve done
    1:37:41 It’s about what will it be like for you want to live with the consequences of knowing
    1:37:46 And so you don’t say certain things because you want to say face for the other person
    1:37:51 Or because you you just don’t see the point of it because there’s almost something slightly
    1:37:57 Almost aggressive about it a little bit, you know, it’s like what am I supposed to do with all of this now?
    1:38:00 Right, you know, you feel better. You’ve unloaded. What about me kind of thing?
    1:38:05 And I think it’s very cultural for me certainly coming from from europe
    1:38:11 We don’t necessarily think that saying everything and putting it all out there and
    1:38:14 through telling and transparency are the only
    1:38:22 Markers of importance. I think we think that sometimes keeping things to yourself is just as important not everything must be said and
    1:38:29 Here this notion of that connects with that is also that intimacy is about saying everything
    1:38:31 It’s kind of wholesale sharing
    1:38:35 Right, you know, and if you don’t say everything then you must be keeping a secret
    1:38:39 Because the opposite of transparency is secrecy and there is a complete loss of privacy
    1:38:44 And this is true in the intimate realm of relationships as it is true in many other sectors of our society
    1:38:47 Privacy is at risk
    1:38:54 And so people respond either with the other extremes. Yes, I do think that they can be too much sharing
    1:39:00 It’s not too much honesty, but it is too much sharing and the sharing is problematic when you think that
    1:39:04 That’s the definition of honesty. This is a really important
    1:39:07 Was that clear what I just it was clear. No, it was clear and I think the
    1:39:10 honesty does honesty or
    1:39:14 100% sharing always equal
    1:39:17 caring for the other person or
    1:39:24 Fostering intimacy. I think is an interesting question and the answer is no the answer is no. Yeah, sometimes of course it is
    1:39:30 But it’s not a given. It’s not a dogma. You know, I think that actually holding back
    1:39:34 I think making space for the other person. I think dealing with your own feelings
    1:39:38 I think this idea that because I love you I should be able to tell you everything
    1:39:44 And if you don’t tell me everything, you know, then maybe you’re not close and this telling as becoming almost like a
    1:39:49 A bit of a I deserve to know. What are you thinking? What are you feeling? Why don’t you want to tell me like?
    1:39:52 No, those are invitations. Those are not rights
    1:39:56 Right. No, I have a right to enter another person you’re invited in
    1:39:58 and
    1:40:02 For those people listening who want to have a very illuminating but entertaining read
    1:40:09 Short read on this type of question and radical honesty. There’s a great article. I think it’s called
    1:40:13 I Think You’re Fat by AJ Jacobs at Esquire who is
    1:40:18 Hilarious and a good friend. So you should read that but I want to bring up an anecdote and
    1:40:20 get your
    1:40:27 Advice on or how you would hear how you would advise someone. So I remember having lunch with a close friend of mine
    1:40:31 About two years ago, I would say and he had a friend approach him
    1:40:38 Who had cheated on his wife? He had had an affair and he was grappling with whether to tell his wife or not
    1:40:40 and
    1:40:43 My friend’s advice was he said no
    1:40:46 That is your burden to carry and you carry that with you
    1:40:50 It’s not fair to inflict that on her because you want to make yourself feel better
    1:40:54 After a very very long conversation that was his conclusion
    1:40:58 And so I’m curious to know in a say patient setting
    1:41:03 If you have someone male or female because certainly women cheat and I’ve been cheated on before I mean it happens
    1:41:09 Certainly when someone is grappling with whether to tell their partner or not. How do you walk them through that decision?
    1:41:12 What is it that you want to tell your partner?
    1:41:18 What is it that you want to tell you want to tell that you fell in love with someone else? You want to tell that
    1:41:24 You realized in having a fling with someone else how much you loved her or him
    1:41:29 You realize that you have been lying to yourself all these years
    1:41:36 You realize that it’s time to get back into gear because you’ve become lazy and complacent
    1:41:44 You realize that you have been keeping all kinds of sexual secrets that have nothing to do with non monogamy but more with your history
    1:41:48 What is it you want to tell your partner? You know, that’s the first thing
    1:41:54 And do you want to tell something about what happened to you in the meeting with the other person?
    1:41:59 Do you want to tell what that meeting with the other person made you think about your life?
    1:42:03 You know, we’re not just talking about a series of facts
    1:42:08 We’re talking about the meaning and the motives of the transgression. So that’s the first thing I ask
    1:42:13 What is the meanings and the motives? Why did you do this? How did this happen to you?
    1:42:18 Were you looking for it? Did you choose it? Did you just stumble into it? Did you resist it?
    1:42:22 Did you not resist it? Did you hope it would not, you know, are you living with conflict?
    1:42:28 What is the guilt that you’re feeling? What is the guilt? Is the guilt that you realize that you don’t have desire for your partner?
    1:42:32 It’s the guilt that you realize that your partner must have been really
    1:42:38 Terribly frustrated because you’ve been a terrible lover to your partner. What is it? And so the before I ever
    1:42:44 Wouldn’t I don’t have to tell people do or don’t tell or don’t tell I help people
    1:42:47 Figure out what it is that they would tell
    1:42:53 Why would they want to tell it and what do they think will happen to the other person when they tell it to them?
    1:42:57 I think the notion that sometimes not to tell is kinder
    1:43:02 Than to tell the way that your friend did is also one of the many options
    1:43:05 It’s not the only one but it is definitely in the repertoire
    1:43:10 That sometimes you tell for your own conscience and then the other person can turn the whole night
    1:43:16 So there is the positives the liabilities and the positives of telling and then there is
    1:43:22 The liabilities and the positive of not telling what do you think your partner would want to know?
    1:43:26 That’s the other thing and when you want to tell do you ask yourself?
    1:43:28 Do you think your partner would want to know?
    1:43:35 Are you speaking because of your thoughts about the other person or are you thinking of speaking because of how you feel about yourself?
    1:43:41 You know, there’s a full spectrum of dishonesty, right? There’s simple omissions. There’s partial truths
    1:43:46 There’s white lies. There’s blatant obfuscations and there’s mental hijacking
    1:43:50 I mean secrecy can be cruel and secrecy can be benevolent
    1:43:56 You know and sometimes you lie to protect yourself and sometimes you lie in order to protect your partner
    1:44:01 And then there is the ironic role reversing in which sometimes you realize that you’ve been
    1:44:07 Lying to yourself and it was you that you were deceiving and it’s all of that that you want to unpack
    1:44:09 All those twists and tangles of lines
    1:44:14 Before you’d send people out because you can never take anything back
    1:44:15 Right
    1:44:17 You know and the next thing that’s going to happen
    1:44:22 You’re going to say I slept with someone and then they want to know how was it and then they want to know
    1:44:26 Did you fall in love with that person and then they want to know maybe they don’t want to know
    1:44:28 So slow down
    1:44:31 Sit with this
    1:44:32 ponder it
    1:44:34 Figure out what this was about for you
    1:44:39 If it really meant nothing, what does that mean when you say it meant nothing?
    1:44:43 You mean to say it does not supposed to threaten the future of your relationship
    1:44:45 This is not a person with whom you want to live
    1:44:49 But even something that is meant to mean nothing has psychological valence
    1:44:54 So you know people there’s a lot of effort goes into making something not mean anything
    1:44:57 Paradoxically for sure. So
    1:44:58 You know
    1:45:04 Sit with that and I will sit with you for whatever time it takes till we figure this out
    1:45:06 And then maybe we’ll write a letter
    1:45:10 You’re not just going to go there and sit and we’ll write a letter
    1:45:14 And you’re first going to hand write that letter and you’re going to get your first version out
    1:45:17 Which you probably won’t send in which you just cleanse your soul
    1:45:23 You do your own conscience cleaning and the next letter will be the one in which you’re less thinking about you
    1:45:27 And more thinking about your partner and your relationship. That’s the steps
    1:45:33 That’s very smart. The next question I want to ask which is actually from the audience
    1:45:41 Do you think it’s possible for a partner in a non-monogamous marriage could be a relationship to get over the fear of being left by opening that door?
    1:45:43 I think this is very very
    1:45:49 This is a very common question because maybe one person is more enthusiastic or feels the need for
    1:45:57 Some form of non-monogamy meaning sexual monogamy than the other or they’re both open to it, but they haven’t
    1:46:02 Experimented or experienced this for an extended period of time or maybe they haven’t they’ve been burned
    1:46:07 Do you think it’s possible for someone to get over that fear of being left by opening that door?
    1:46:10 And what are some of these strategies or
    1:46:13 coping mechanisms if so
    1:46:22 But what if I told you that the person who experiences that fear more openly and is able to say
    1:46:25 for me
    1:46:28 This triggers the fear of losing you all together
    1:46:35 Is actually experiencing a lesser fear than the one who is wanting to have other partners
    1:46:37 Could you say that again, please? Yes
    1:46:42 Couples have a setup in a setup every couple has a setup
    1:46:45 It’s an organization right in every couple
    1:46:51 You will often find one person who is more in touch with the fear of losing the other
    1:46:55 And one person who is more in touch with the fear of losing themselves
    1:47:01 One person more in touch with the fear of abandonment and one person more in touch with the fear of suffocation
    1:47:08 And that tells you which is the one that is more interested sometimes in experiencing open boundaries and non-monogamy
    1:47:11 Or non-exclusiveness anyway
    1:47:12 but
    1:47:15 The person who wants the open relationship
    1:47:21 Presents as the one who doesn’t have the fear of abandonment. I see you’re saying
    1:47:24 But that doesn’t mean that their
    1:47:32 Strategy isn’t in fact one that is meant to address an even bigger fear of abandonment than the other
    1:47:36 It’s just that in this relationship the other one is the one who gets to fill the quota
    1:47:43 Okay, sure. Okay. You understand couples have complementary systems
    1:47:45 So I don’t at face value
    1:47:50 Would believe that the one who says i’m afraid to lose you is the only one with that fear
    1:47:56 I believe we all have it, but I believe that the one who expresses it in the couple isn’t always the one for whom
    1:47:58 It is actually the most intense
    1:48:02 Sure, that might not agree with that. That’s the secret of a lot of relationships. No, I agree. I agree
    1:48:05 You understand the person who gets to voice it
    1:48:10 Is actually sometimes only voicing a fear that the other one doesn’t even voice
    1:48:14 Oh, no, I agree. I agree. Okay. Well that said
    1:48:18 I think it really depends. I would not have a set answer for this
    1:48:22 There are plenty of people who at first felt very scared
    1:48:28 And then have learned to trust differently and have learned to understand that their partner really comes back to them
    1:48:32 And in fact the more they feel free the more they want to come back to them
    1:48:38 And they they really have learned to trust that and then there are others for whom it’s excruciating
    1:48:45 It just feels either a replay from childhood either a sense that they’re not enough because they have really
    1:48:50 This notion that you would need more than me and that I can’t feel all your needs
    1:48:56 It’s very very painful to them and they bought into that idea and with very powerfully
    1:49:00 Sometimes there is the sense that you know, you allow yourself something that I don’t
    1:49:06 Why can’t you stop yourself? There are other things that I don’t get and I don’t go and get them elsewhere
    1:49:10 Compromise should be a part of what both of us do in the name of our relationship
    1:49:16 I’ve seen it go both ways. I’ve seen people for whom it really became a way to live that they never knew existed
    1:49:21 And I’ve seen people for whom this is just not the way they want to live
    1:49:27 They don’t want that fear. They don’t want to remember every time their parents went out that they didn’t know if they were coming back
    1:49:31 They don’t want that notion of what if you will fall in love somewhere else?
    1:49:38 Which of course in and of itself would happen no matter what that threat is always there that reality is part of any couple
    1:49:42 But somehow I don’t want to have to know it with such vividness
    1:49:49 Or because I feel that there is something lacking in me or I feel my own insecurities and therefore every time you go
    1:49:57 My insecurities get awakened. It’s a complex system. I would just say that it generally works better when both people are from the same tribe
    1:50:01 When both people have that same curiosity
    1:50:03 when both people
    1:50:09 Experience the fluidity as something that is additive and not something that’s an anxiolytic
    1:50:15 Then it becomes an enhancing experience rather than a dreadful experience each time
    1:50:18 It’s very complicated when one person says to the other
    1:50:24 I really want this and the other one says this is hell for me. I can’t live with this
    1:50:33 And there’s very little flexibility sometimes in that system because both people feel it very intensely and more than one relationship has had to end
    1:50:35 on that basis
    1:50:37 So what I’d like to ask
    1:50:40 Following up on that because I think this question is
    1:50:43 And I’m going to stop hedging all my comments
    1:50:48 So obviously everybody listening this there are a million different ways to organize relationship and a million different
    1:50:55 Sort of combinatorial approaches to it, right? Whether it’s homosexual heterosexual unisexual
    1:50:57 I have no idea. You’re right. There are a million different ways to go about it
    1:51:02 So I’m just going to assume for the sake of simplicity that a lot of people are in heterosexual relationships
    1:51:06 This question is very common. I think from
    1:51:08 women
    1:51:13 Who are you have a male in a in a relationship who wants?
    1:51:16 more sexual variety and
    1:51:20 the the woman in many cases not all cases is
    1:51:25 At least around san francisco potentially open to that
    1:51:29 But doesn’t have the same sexual drive necessarily is the male
    1:51:35 So the male is going to exercise that option more than she will and that leads to or contributes to
    1:51:41 Perhaps fostering some degree of insecurity if he’s going to be seeing x number of other people and I am
    1:51:48 Not seeing y number equivalent of people then the likelihood of him disappearing is is higher
    1:51:50 and
    1:51:53 The number I was told once by someone they said well
    1:51:57 No one can take the person you’re meant to be with now the way that
    1:51:59 The context in which that was provided was
    1:52:05 To underscore the fact that like you said whether you’re you’re married not married
    1:52:12 In a relationship have an explicit agreement or not the potential and the risk for digression or meeting someone else is always there
    1:52:13 but I guess the
    1:52:19 Fuel on the fire here is that when you explicitly give someone the option the fear is that it’s more likely
    1:52:21 to happen and
    1:52:24 That’s just more of an observation. I wanted to mention two things
    1:52:27 I’ve been very curious about
    1:52:32 Recently that seem at least in the group that I’ve observed to work pretty well even though
    1:52:34 I think they are
    1:52:37 At least one of them is viewed as pretty unfashionable
    1:52:39 And so I wanted to get your take on it
    1:52:40 So the first one
    1:52:44 Is an arrangement and this I’ve only heard once but I thought it was very clever
    1:52:48 Actually, no not once twice was older gentleman
    1:52:52 He’s in his 60s and married for I want to say 20 plus years has a number of kids
    1:52:55 And I was asking him about his marriage and he said well, we have
    1:53:00 An open relationship. Okay, and we’re having some wine tell me more
    1:53:03 So we continued talking he said the way I asked him
    1:53:07 How do you prevent it from causing problems and he said well every relationship has problems
    1:53:12 So it’s not like one is immune and one is not but his wife gives him a
    1:53:17 Report card every quarter. So every three months he gets a report card
    1:53:20 I think it was one to ten scale
    1:53:25 In four categories lover husband provider father
    1:53:32 And he’s allowed to have a low score in any one of those as long as his average is high enough
    1:53:35 So they agreed on what his average had to be so he might say
    1:53:37 The overseas for a period of time
    1:53:40 On business trips and he might also sleep with other women
    1:53:46 So he’s going to get a low lover score a high provider score and then the other two are sort of up for debate
    1:53:51 But I found that appealing maybe just because I like measuring things as a way of
    1:53:54 Course correcting and and keeping things in check
    1:53:58 The second which I particularly like your thoughts on although we can go anywhere with this
    1:54:05 Is that looking at maybe a contrast to the tell me everything I’ll tell you everything
    1:54:10 breed of polyamorous relationships where
    1:54:13 Radical honesty is an underlying tenet
    1:54:19 I’ve run into more than a few people who effectively have a don’t ask don’t tell policy and
    1:54:24 It pains not doesn’t pain me to say it but I suspect I’ll get a decent amount of
    1:54:29 Backlash from my audience. It seems to work pretty well in the sense that
    1:54:34 More than a few couples have said look that whole polyamorous tell everything
    1:54:37 And I know those are not mutually dependent is not for us
    1:54:41 But as long as you’re safe as long as you don’t embarrass me
    1:54:46 Then you can do what you want and the policies don’t ask don’t tell
    1:54:51 That seems very old-fashioned. I mean, maybe the fact that it’s a two-way street makes it
    1:54:57 Less old-fashioned, but what are your thoughts on that because it seems to me just intuitively
    1:54:59 to be
    1:55:03 And maybe it’s a highly dependent on the person but to be less prone to
    1:55:06 kind of supernova
    1:55:12 Destruction versus the radical honesty piece for most people. Do you have any thoughts? That’s a mouthful?
    1:55:13 I know but i’m
    1:55:15 I’ve been thinking about a lot of this stuff for a long time
    1:55:19 So I think that I would start and I would say that trust
    1:55:24 Loyalty and attachment come in many forms
    1:55:30 And when you describe this example and you like it because of its measurements
    1:55:32 I would say I like it because of its creativity
    1:55:37 Because there’s thoughtfulness because there’s a shared complicity
    1:55:39 Because it seems to have worked
    1:55:46 Because there’s imaginativeness and resourcefulness in it and because I think that couples often lack a lot of that
    1:55:53 Every other system gets innovators and gets new ideas and put into it all the time
    1:56:00 And it is extraordinary how much relationships enter into a certain mode and then stay in it for decades, right?
    1:56:09 So anything where I see couples coming up with their own imaginative solutions to various situations and then be flexible about it
    1:56:11 And review it and change it
    1:56:15 To me is great. That’s it. I think that unfortunately
    1:56:18 Couple them does not benefit from the same
    1:56:23 Innovative spirit that every other company and entrepreneurial
    1:56:28 Space these days gets to benefit there isn’t one model fits all
    1:56:34 And a certain couple may have lived for a while in a monogamous arrangement and exclusive arrangements
    1:56:37 But then decided at some point because of all kinds of
    1:56:45 Issues having to do with age with illness with success with you name it with children leaving with a new awakening with loss of weight
    1:56:46 You name it you name it
    1:56:51 There’s lots of triggers that make suddenly people want to change their relational arrangement
    1:56:54 And I think that if people are going to stay together a long time
    1:56:58 They need that ability to review their relational arrangements
    1:57:03 And to negotiate it and then to try something and then to see if it works and to change
    1:57:07 I mean I can’t enough emphasize my desire for flexibility
    1:57:10 To become part also
    1:57:13 Of couple them so that it doesn’t just be it enters a groove
    1:57:17 It goes until it can’t and then it just kind of ends there
    1:57:21 Needs to be something a little bit more enriching there. So
    1:57:26 The first thing I think for some people don’t ask don’t tell works extremely well
    1:57:29 It gives them enough
    1:57:34 Privacy it makes them both know that there is still a primary loyalty and commitment
    1:57:39 There is an implicit sense of knowing where one can go how far one can go
    1:57:47 Etc etc and there needs to be ample continuous investment and reassurance and building into the relationship itself
    1:57:49 The point is not that you should have
    1:57:56 The leftovers at home and everything else that is meaningful and exciting and and interesting and engaging elsewhere
    1:58:01 By definition, you still want to be able to put some logs in your own fire
    1:58:03 for other people
    1:58:10 Transparency and radical honesty has become an ideology. The problem is ideologies
    1:58:12 Generally are rigid
    1:58:17 Right, you know, they don’t lend themselves to being adaptive and fluid to what’s in front of you
    1:58:22 It becomes a matter of principle rather than a matter of what makes sense. I still I may be a little bit
    1:58:25 You know of the school still where does it make sense?
    1:58:31 Just does it does it does it work? I don’t care if it’s true or if it’s right. Does it work? Is it decent?
    1:58:33 Is it caring? Is it warm?
    1:58:36 You know, has it been adapted? It does it fit both people?
    1:58:42 Those are the criterias you go back and forth like a lidoscopic not just like two ideas, you know
    1:58:45 For many people the notion of radical honesty
    1:58:47 transparency
    1:58:53 Truth-telling authenticity those have become the values of the economy of today and so is it in the economy of the home
    1:59:00 We want experience. You know, we want purposeful transformative, you know experiences. We want them at home
    1:59:03 We want them at work everywhere for other people
    1:59:05 Home is a different thing
    1:59:09 and home is meant to satisfy other needs etc etc and
    1:59:12 There is a segmentation that is accepted
    1:59:16 We share these kind of things. We share other things with other people
    1:59:21 And to me it’s really a matter of does it fit this particular couple?
    1:59:28 Does it work for them or is there one person who is quietly hurting over a long time and kind of
    1:59:35 Giving in but there’s a power dynamic because the word we haven’t used is that in all these negotiations
    1:59:40 There is an element of power, you know, there is power when you bring in other people
    1:59:43 There is power when you feel that the other person can leave you
    1:59:47 There is power when you have faced with the hurt of a person who is constraining you
    1:59:51 there is a dynamic of power in all of these issues and
    1:59:56 The question is is there an equity in the decision making? Do both people
    2:00:04 Feel that they have equal power in their ability to say what works for them in this instance that you describe
    2:00:06 What’s beautiful is you feel like, you know
    2:00:13 Whatever he does she gets to evaluate him. And so the evaluation is power. It’s authority
    2:00:18 You know in a good sense of the word I use the word power and so they are calibrating power
    2:00:23 You know you get to do things, but I don’t want to have to suffer because of it
    2:00:27 I want to know that I still get the primary goods. I want to know that I come first
    2:00:30 And so yeah, you want to go play go play
    2:00:33 But don’t play on my behalf and don’t play on my account
    2:00:38 I don’t want an evaluation of our assets because you are accruing other revenues somewhere else
    2:00:46 You know and they play with this and so for this couple to me, you know, I’m playing my I’m putting my script onto it
    2:00:48 But I when I listen to the description
    2:00:54 I’m looking at what is the power distribution because the power is the sovereignty the power is the dignity of this
    2:00:58 Otherwise, you know all these things become not power but power maneuvers
    2:01:01 And that’s a whole other thing and that has nothing to do
    2:01:05 With just sex alone, you know these things take place in a
    2:01:11 All every relationship is a power dynamic. I think that that has to be laid out first
    2:01:16 Inside of that we can come up with so many different arrangements
    2:01:20 That people will live for a while and then switch. I want to just say that
    2:01:24 I would say that to the polyamory people as well. I mean, it’s like
    2:01:30 There is a beautiful proliferation of non monogamy thinking that is taking place
    2:01:34 Okay, and they’re very different from the the free love pioneers of the 60s and the 70s and
    2:01:39 But then of course, you know, many of those people are the children of the divorced and the disillusioned
    2:01:46 And they’re not rebelling against commitment per se, but they’re looking for more realistic ways to make their vows last
    2:01:48 And they’ve concluded that that
    2:01:53 Includes other lovers and I think that the form, you know can vary enormously
    2:01:57 You can have occasional hall passes. You can have swingers who play with others
    2:02:01 You can have established three sums four sums complex polyamorous networks
    2:02:06 All of these things have one purpose to reconfigure love and family life
    2:02:08 Which we have done from time immemorial
    2:02:12 Right you’re coming on power reminding me of
    2:02:17 I think it was oscar wild said everything in the world is about sex except sex sex is about power
    2:02:20 Yes, yes, yes, yes
    2:02:24 You’ve spent so much time with people grappling with these issues
    2:02:33 What was the research process for your new book and that is I mean really kind of fresh on the mind
    2:02:35 I would think at this point for you
    2:02:38 Why do another book and what was the research process like?
    2:02:40 so
    2:02:41 you know
    2:02:47 Mating and captivity looked at the dilemmas of desire inside the relationships
    2:02:53 And the state of affairs, which is my new book looks at what happens when desire goes looking elsewhere
    2:03:00 And I had gone to 20 countries on book tour for mating and in many places
    2:03:04 The only chapter people wanted to talk about was the shadow of the third
    2:03:08 The chapter on monogamy, which was only one chapter in that whole book
    2:03:15 And I thought there’s no way that I can do a thorough study of desire without looking at desire that goes wandering
    2:03:22 You know, what is roaming desire like? What is the power of transgression? Why is the forbidden so erotic?
    2:03:27 What is this thing called adultery which has been historically condemned and universally practiced?
    2:03:30 you know and so
    2:03:32 seriously
    2:03:33 it’s like and
    2:03:36 It took me a while. This is 10 years since I wrote mating and captivity
    2:03:41 I’d not I take a long time to think and I only write if I feel I have something to say
    2:03:45 And something to say means that I want to change the conversation on the subject
    2:03:49 I don’t want to just add one or two thoughts. I want to really frame the conversation
    2:03:50 I want to take something
    2:03:55 And make a cultural shift around it. So for the past six years
    2:03:57 about
    2:04:03 I began to travel the globe and have conversations about the subject of infidelity
    2:04:05 transgression
    2:04:06 thrifts
    2:04:07 love affairs
    2:04:08 fuck buddies
    2:04:09 betrayal
    2:04:11 trauma lying deception
    2:04:18 cheating gas lighting from both sides. What is gas lighting? I’ve heard this expression before and I don’t know what it is
    2:04:22 Is when I say I know you are seeing somebody else. I know I know it
    2:04:27 I feel it or I’ve even and you say no, no, you’re crazy. This is because of what you father did to you
    2:04:33 You you just paranoid I see and you literally destroyed the coherence of my reality
    2:04:38 Got it when you’re accused of something you turn it around and then sort of fracture
    2:04:44 Yes, but you also literally begin to make me feel like I have no longer a grasp on reality
    2:04:47 I see got it. It’s a real mental torture
    2:04:54 You know, it’s not just that you’re denying is that you’re also saying is what’s wrong with me that I’m thinking this
    2:04:57 And then you basically make me doubt myself
    2:05:02 And you make me doubt that when I think the tea is hot, it’s actually hot
    2:05:09 You know, I no longer know to trust the world that I live in my perceptions my thoughts my feelings
    2:05:13 And that’s becomes an internal breakdown. It drives people crazy
    2:05:18 It’s really cruel actually. It’s a very common, but it’s a cruel thing to do
    2:05:19 I saw
    2:05:25 You know, I’m 34 years a couple’s therapist. I have a fascination for couples. I work in seven languages
    2:05:32 I can take them from all over the world and uh, and I began to only see couples who have been affected by infidelity
    2:05:36 In one variation or another. I also did a TED talk in
    2:05:39 Passeur, which has
    2:05:45 You know, seven and a half million people in a year or two and I I thought, okay, I’ve got 1500 letters
    2:05:51 I thought my god, I’m a walking confessional the world is pouring their secrets on to me
    2:05:56 On this subject anyway, and let me try to think it through
    2:06:02 Let me really delve into this and look at it from a systemic point of view meaning if I ask an audience
    2:06:07 Have you had any experience with affairs or infidelity? You know, nobody’s going to lift their hand
    2:06:10 Nobody’s going to say I cheated or I’ve been cheated on so easily
    2:06:15 But if I ask the same audience, have you been affected by infidelity in your life?
    2:06:20 I probably get 90 of the fingers up. It’s an amazing thing
    2:06:28 As the child of as the friend of as the boss of as the lover as the other woman as the partner as the
    2:06:34 Person who went out you name it and now it becomes really a collective experience
    2:06:37 So I wanted to look at it from all angles
    2:06:40 And I see couples two three hours at a time
    2:06:44 And I delve into the labyrinth of passion
    2:06:48 All of it, you know from all sides
    2:06:54 And then I collected all the data. I wrote I transcribed hundreds of hours of sessions
    2:07:03 I transcribed all the letters and I began to gather and then decide what are the main assumptions at this point about this subject
    2:07:05 How does our culture think about this?
    2:07:11 Because no matter and by the way infidelity happens in polyamorous couples too, you know
    2:07:16 The fact that you get an open license doesn’t prevent people from climbing the fence
    2:07:22 Something about transgression is deeply human and you’ve also observed the definition of cheating
    2:07:27 Continues to expand right where you have sexting texting dating apps watching porn. I mean the
    2:07:35 Inside of the wall is getting a yes narrower and narrower in some respects also absolutely the definition is elastic
    2:07:36 It’s unbelievable
    2:07:46 What people today how many more ways that we we define something as being outside of the of the boundaries and we consider them infidelities
    2:07:51 And it is one of the experiences that encompasses the entire human drama
    2:07:55 Everything jealousy hurt betrayal
    2:07:56 pain
    2:08:01 Lust love passion all of it. It’s like every opera. There’s a reason
    2:08:03 you know
    2:08:11 And it is a one of the most complex human experiences to really delve into but it is endlessly fascinating and so
    2:08:15 I wanted to rethink infidelity. What does it mean today?
    2:08:19 Why does it happen in any kind of relationship?
    2:08:24 What does it mean to know that that your partner never really belongs to you?
    2:08:27 They’re only on loan and with an option to renew or not
    2:08:32 So related to that I get asked about marriage and kids a lot
    2:08:35 Even though I feel very unqualified to comment on either
    2:08:42 But what is the argument for marriage these days because I have trouble coming up with one
    2:08:47 the argument that comes to mind because the legal construct the financial consequences the
    2:08:54 difficulty in the sort of unraveling if you want to change direction or a new chapter
    2:08:59 Means a new partner or whatever it might be there. There are a lot of consequences
    2:09:01 now the only argument that I can come up with for it
    2:09:03 is
    2:09:07 Related to loss aversion where maybe if you really want to make a strong
    2:09:11 Committed effort to maintain a relationship for a long period of time
    2:09:15 That if you have something to lose if you don’t enforce that
    2:09:21 That in this case takes the form of a legal construct that you’re not going to put in the requisite effort
    2:09:24 So okay, but it just seems to me that there’s so much downside
    2:09:27 That prevents flexibility
    2:09:34 How do you think about that? Or is there an argument for the legal construct of marriage because I have more and more difficulty
    2:09:39 As I see friends marriages imploding exploding good people often faithful people
    2:09:43 It gets harder and harder for me. Yeah, but americans love to marry
    2:09:50 You know once twice three times, you know part of the way that I began the project of writing about infidelity
    2:09:55 Came out of the Lewinsky Clinton scandal because I was very intrigued
    2:10:01 Why was this country so tolerant about multiple divorces and so intransigent about the slightest transgression?
    2:10:05 Right fair enough, you know, no matter how much sex becomes open
    2:10:12 They remain intransigent about the subject of infidelity and the rest of the world by the way that is more family oriented
    2:10:14 Has always opted the other way around
    2:10:22 You protect the family, you know, and you don’t divorce. So why americans love to marry? I have never fully
    2:10:29 Understood. I mean, I have my thoughts, but it’s not like I I have a definitive answer to that. I think
    2:10:37 There’s a two questions. Why is a deep meaningful connection with another human being with whom you weave a story, you know
    2:10:39 Along the stages of life
    2:10:46 That is one thing does it need to take place within the construct of marriage is a very different thing
    2:10:50 Agreed, you know in europe we marry much less, but we have families
    2:10:58 And we try to create families with what modernity has given us which is a rather nuclear model of family
    2:11:03 Which is a very difficult model for family and and a terrible model for couples
    2:11:09 We were not meant to be two adults with four or two or three or four children all alone in cities
    2:11:12 I mean, none of it is is the way we were meant to do it
    2:11:16 And so it’s extremely taxing on the couple
    2:11:21 And at the same time the only reason families today survive is if the couple is doing relatively well
    2:11:26 Right, that’s the only thing keeping families together. So we’re facing a very interesting thing
    2:11:31 At the same time if if apple sold you a product that feels 50 of the time would you buy it?
    2:11:34 In the end that’s what happens to marriage
    2:11:35 for you know
    2:11:43 If you think that that’s a guarantee think again because at this point it is really not doing that well in terms of guaranteeing new things
    2:11:46 But I think
    2:11:51 There are very few rituals at this moment, you know with the loss of traditional religion
    2:11:56 There are very few rituals. There are very few structures very few institutions
    2:12:02 To which we can adhere and I can see that in that sense the importance of marriage
    2:12:08 As a ritual that is rooted in a tradition and that comes with a code of conduct
    2:12:15 And with an official norm to it. And so that’s where I place marriage. I don’t think of it in legal terms at all
    2:12:20 I think of it very much in terms of its cultural meaning, you know, it’s like a spine
    2:12:26 There are very few things people can hang themselves on these days, you know, everything is about the self
    2:12:30 And the burdens of the selves are very heavy at this moment. So
    2:12:36 Marriage has become that that institution that still tells you how how to go about
    2:12:41 Doing these things in life to me the very interesting thing when you ask about why marry
    2:12:46 I think about the gay marriage gay marriage really was one of the ways to try to understand
    2:12:52 What does it mean to legalize to give rights to queer families to to allow people to
    2:12:57 To adhere to a norm when there are so few norms at this moment
    2:13:02 Everything has been re-evaluated and redefined and I think people are
    2:13:04 Sometimes very desperate for norms
    2:13:10 Structures pillars architecture everything else is fluid fluid fluid, you know
    2:13:15 But we all need solid as well as we need fluid and marriage has remained one of the last
    2:13:21 Solid constructs, even though it fractures way too fast and way too often
    2:13:24 Can you do it without marriage completely, you know
    2:13:29 But for some reason people feel that commitment without the structure isn’t buttressed in the same way
    2:13:34 The marriage is the buttress. It’s the fulcrum and I don’t know if
    2:13:39 Relationships actually that would be an interesting thing to look at numbers do relationships that are not
    2:13:46 Held together by the contract of marriage. Do they dissolve anymore in Europe than they do here?
    2:13:50 I’m not sure, you know, it’s 52 or 48 at this point
    2:13:54 Maybe it’s gone down a bit on first marriage, but the fascinating data is not first marriage
    2:13:58 It’s 65% divorce rate on second marriages 65%
    2:14:02 Yeah, that is the much more interesting data. Yeah
    2:14:05 Why yeah, why why do you find it interesting?
    2:14:07 Because
    2:14:13 It touches on something else that I think is much more interesting as a suddenly as a couples therapist is that okay
    2:14:17 Let’s assume the second time it’s easier. You’ve done it the first time you may not have the young children
    2:14:23 Etc. But to me the more interesting thing is that the first time you still actually adhere to the model
    2:14:27 You know, I think that often the divorces are the true idealists
    2:14:32 They believe in the model. They just chose the wrong person and they’ll do better next time
    2:14:40 The second time they begin to think that maybe it’s not all about the other person and that maybe it’s time to take some responsibility for themselves
    2:14:46 Everybody at some point has some relationship things to work out and the only question is with home
    2:14:50 Who are you going to do it with?
    2:14:54 But I would see him that at some point you should also ask wait a second
    2:14:56 If the people are coming out of the same factory
    2:15:00 Meaning the structure that has a 50% failure rate
    2:15:06 Perhaps you did the structure should also be a variable under consideration. I would think
    2:15:14 Absolutely, but that’s couple them. That’s not that’s not just marriage. That would say that. Sure. I agree. You know, I think that
    2:15:19 To me, I am really fascinated by how creative
    2:15:23 Having just written a book about infidelity. I can tell you if people took
    2:15:29 1% of the creativity that they put in their affairs and brought it to their marriages or to their relationships
    2:15:33 You know, it’s astounding. It’s the same people
    2:15:40 Change context and they suddenly are filled with imagination and attention and focus and and generosity and kindness and desires
    2:15:49 It’s like it’s not marriage per se as couple them and for some reasons the expectations of couple them have never been higher
    2:15:53 But what people invest in it hasn’t really measured up
    2:15:56 To bring the best of themselves not to their partner
    2:15:59 They bring the best of themselves at work to their friends
    2:16:06 To their colleagues to their hobbies to their children for that matter much more not to their partner
    2:16:09 And that is a much more interesting thing to me
    2:16:16 Than marriage per se. It’s like I don’t ask so much. Why do people marry? I ask more. Why do people
    2:16:24 So often bring the leftovers to their partner while at the same time wanting their relationships to be so glorious
    2:16:26 Something doesn’t click
    2:16:28 What do you think the answer is?
    2:16:33 You know, it’s like when people say my partner is my best friend and I’m sometimes especially in my office
    2:16:35 I have to say do you treat your best friend like this?
    2:16:38 Right
    2:16:40 What kind of bs is this?
    2:16:46 I mean, no, no, that’s not how you you know, would you say this to somebody else?
    2:16:49 Could you imagine being that critical with your friends?
    2:16:52 What is the idea? And this is where marriage comes in
    2:16:57 It’s because you really think that because you married the other person is just going to be there and take it
    2:17:02 Vice versa. This is in both directions, right? It’s like there is something about the seal
    2:17:07 Underneath that has locked this that allows people to then
    2:17:09 behave subpar
    2:17:11 Right
    2:17:15 And maybe if there was more of a fear that of losing it because your friends won’t take it
    2:17:20 Certainly your boss won’t take it. Your colleagues won’t take it. You behave that way at work. You’re out
    2:17:24 But at home you think you can do these things
    2:17:31 You can treat people really poorly. You can put them down. You can disqualify them. You cannot listen to them
    2:17:35 You can shout you can kick you can neglect them. You can be indifferent
    2:17:40 I mean, my god, there is so many ways to not behave well at home and then call them, you know
    2:17:48 It’s like to me, this is where I make people accountable. It’s like, excuse me. You can’t trap another person. This is like, you know
    2:17:51 Marital sadism
    2:18:02 So you have a week at dark for hours and you have a number of different venues and vehicles through which you’re exploring these topics
    2:18:04 the
    2:18:08 Book is one of course and what could you say the title of the new book one more time, please
    2:18:13 So the book is the state of affairs rethinking infidelity
    2:18:20 So I suspect that will be as your talks and previous work has been very very popular and topical
    2:18:24 I would say this. I would say why do people cheat?
    2:18:26 Why do happy people cheat?
    2:18:29 Is infidelity always a deal breaker?
    2:18:37 Why do we think that men need variety and are bored whereas we think that women are hungry for intimacy and lonely
    2:18:40 Why do we have such complete different ideas about why men and women cheat?
    2:18:44 What do we do with jealousy?
    2:18:50 Can love ever be plural? Is possessiveness an arcane vestige of patriarchy or is it intrinsic to love?
    2:18:58 Tell these questions that I’m taking on and you’re also going to be exploring that in your own
    2:19:05 Program on an audible channel soon as I understand it. Yes. Yeah, if you wouldn’t mind describing that just a little bit
    2:19:09 Yes, I’m very excited about I mean, I mean, it’s really
    2:19:16 Different ways of exploring. You know the book the state of affairs is not really a book about infidelity
    2:19:21 It’s really a book about what do we learn from infidelity about the human heart and the human condition?
    2:19:22 so
    2:19:28 I use that lens to enter and to excavate many many subjects and I wanted
    2:19:34 To also have you know the opportunity of letting people come into my office and actually
    2:19:41 Be in those conversations that I have with couples because most of the time we have no idea what happens in a couple
    2:19:44 You know couples are isolated islands
    2:19:47 Sometimes the women may talk to somebody and the men talk to very few
    2:19:55 And so we have no idea what’s in the anti chamber, you know of the couple and I did a series with audible
    2:20:00 And we’re going to do a second one already that of 10 couples therapy sessions
    2:20:03 covering a range of subjects
    2:20:08 Where you think you are actually entering into the intimacy
    2:20:13 Of these other relationships and you very quickly realize that you’re actually looking inside
    2:20:17 You’re looking at your own mirror and you’re looking at yourselves
    2:20:22 And you start to talk with the persons at the people of your life your partners or others
    2:20:25 About where you are in relation to these questions
    2:20:30 So say and there are stories of infidelity and stories of sexuality and stories of
    2:20:35 raising children and stories of of infertility and stories of unemployment and it’s a
    2:20:41 Very very poignant experience because it’s intimate in your ear. You don’t see them
    2:20:44 But you hear them 10 couples who have volunteered
    2:20:52 To come and have a session with me like I do generally in my office. It’s exactly what I would normally do but this time
    2:20:57 Recorded and told so as stories to share and stories to
    2:21:03 Invest ourselves in what is the name of the series? Where should we begin? Where should we begin?
    2:21:09 Isn’t that what every session starts? Indeed. Where should we begin?
    2:21:15 And for people listening in these show notes, I will have links to
    2:21:22 Everything that I can get links to that we’ve discussed the podcast comes out may 18 and at first it will be
    2:21:30 Unaudible and on amazon prime and then the book comes out in september will be in stores october 10
    2:21:36 And then the podcast will also be released on itunes and so it will be re-released
    2:21:39 At the same time as the book comes out
    2:21:41 So I have just a few more questions
    2:21:46 I want to let you get back to your day, but just as we wrap up a few quick questions
    2:21:53 One is what books besides your own have you gifted the most to other people or the book?
    2:21:57 I’ve probably gifted the most is victor frankle the search for meaning
    2:22:00 Since i’m 16
    2:22:08 That’s a fantastic book and what about reread the most yourself what book have you reread or books anything that any books
    2:22:10 That come to mind that you’ve reread
    2:22:17 I recently reread the art of loving by eric from I reread the erotic mind by jack moren
    2:22:20 I
    2:22:21 reread
    2:22:25 For this book. I reread madame bovary, which was very disappointing
    2:22:31 How I’ll tell you what I reread that I loved because one of my kids was reading it in school crime and punishment
    2:22:37 Yeah, no, you cannot reread the russians that that will just I don’t they they are
    2:22:40 timeless
    2:22:42 And
    2:22:45 If you had a billboard this is a metaphor question
    2:22:48 But if you had a huge billboard where you could put a short message on it
    2:22:54 Non-commercial but a short message up could be one word could be a sentence could be whatever to get out to millions of people
    2:22:57 Well, what would you put on that billboard or what might you put on that billboard?
    2:23:00 There’s always more you can do for another
    2:23:03 Just don’t have your day
    2:23:07 Without having done something for someone that you don’t know for that matter
    2:23:10 Not just for the ones that are in your little circle
    2:23:13 I don’t know in a billboard. It would say
    2:23:15 do your part
    2:23:17 I love it and any
    2:23:23 parting comments requests of the audience could be the same thing that you just said but are any parting thoughts questions
    2:23:28 Or suggestions for people who are listening any ask of the audience
    2:23:32 You know the reason I see do your part is because so much
    2:23:36 Of the culture we live in is about doing things for ourselves
    2:23:41 Enhancing ourselves pushing ourselves being more successful being more
    2:23:44 Held, you know, and it is the most powerful
    2:23:49 Anti-depressants I know that you do something on the depression front as well
    2:23:53 And I think that the curse of today is isolation
    2:23:58 There’s a lot of other things we have gained but we have lost something and isolation
    2:24:01 And disconnection it’s a curse of modern life
    2:24:04 and I think that
    2:24:12 There is no more powerful anti-depressants nothing that will give us more meaning in life than to know that we matter for others
    2:24:16 And that means to do for others which is a little bit what couples therapy is about
    2:24:19 You know, most of the time people come to couples therapy
    2:24:22 They don’t come in order to say I came to check myself out
    2:24:27 They’ve usually come to be an expert on the other and they say fix it and do something, you know
    2:24:30 Or I came to drop off, you know
    2:24:35 So I’m all the time thinking, you know, and what are you doing take responsibility?
    2:24:37 You know, it’s freedom responsibility
    2:24:44 And for the rest it’s like if any of you are inspired by what I say is join me on all the platforms where you can find me
    2:24:48 So easily and there’s nothing I think I value more than to be in conversation
    2:24:50 Like I’ve so enjoyed our conversation
    2:24:52 You and I and
    2:24:58 To talk about these things it’s part of everybody’s life all the time love sex trust
    2:25:02 Empty commitment. What else is there? You know, absolutely
    2:25:09 And where is the best place on social media for people to say hello to you if they wanted to say hello?
    2:25:11 Is there anyone preferred place?
    2:25:18 I would see my fan page on on facebook probably but I am on twitter and i’m on instagram and i’m on youtube
    2:25:25 I’m doing this whole beautiful series actually of videos that i’m putting up on youtube on relational intelligence
    2:25:30 That I think kind of a snapshot. So when I say in short what I often say in long
    2:25:33 I’ll tell you what I want is
    2:25:39 We have often these days try to simplify things and I think what I try to do is create
    2:25:43 A conversation and relationships and love and all of that
    2:25:49 At work as well as at home both levels of relationships in business in companies, etc
    2:25:51 That embraces complexity
    2:25:57 That’s multicultural and that’s inclusive and I think that the more people join this
    2:26:01 The more you will help me do my piece of social change
    2:26:08 So everybody definitely say hello to esther esther dot parel on facebook instagram esther parel official
    2:26:13 youtube parel esther switch now put all of these in the show notes esther
    2:26:16 Thank you so much for taking the time. This is a real joy
    2:26:19 and tremendously
    2:26:24 Stimulating and thought-provoking have a lot to a lot to think on so I appreciate you
    2:26:27 Sharing your expertise and your experiences with us
    2:26:32 Thank you. It’s a treat. Thanks a lot and to everybody listening
    2:26:36 You can find links to everything that has been mentioned the books the podcast
    2:26:38 everything imaginable
    2:26:44 In these show notes as usual with every other episode you can just go to tim dot blog forward slash podcast
    2:26:47 And until next time. Thank you for listening
    2:26:55 Hey guys, this is tim again just one more thing before you take off and that is five bullet friday
    2:27:00 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every friday that provides a little fun before the weekend?
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    This episode is a two-for-one, and that’s because the podcast recently hit its 10-year anniversary and passed one billion downloads. To celebrate, I’ve curated some of the best of the best—some of my favorites—from more than 700 episodes over the last decade. I could not be more excited. The episode features segments from episode #444 “Hugh Jackman on Best Decisions, Daily Routines, The 85% Rule, Favorite Exercises, Mind Training, and Much More” and #241 The Relationship Episode: Sex, Love, Polyamory, Marriage, and More (with Esther Perel).”

    Please enjoy!

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    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Start

    [05:46] Notes about this supercombo format.

    [06:49] Enter Hugh Jackman.

    [07:22] What books has Hugh gifted most?

    [10:35] Hugh’s meditation practices.

    [14:07] Summoning and maintaining the emotional and physical energy necessary for performing.

    [19:59] What lessons did Hugh’s father teach him about being an example to others?

    [25:32] The contract Hugh made with himself at the end of drama school.

    [29:13] Best decisions Hugh made in the first years of being an aspiring/working actor.

    [34:23] How has Hugh learned to trust his intuition?

    [37:07] The design of the day and the efficacy of manifestation.

    [39:38] The most efficient exercises Hugh knows.

    [40:53] The importance of incorporating relaxation into physical activity (the 85% rule).

    [44:17] Enter Esther Perel.

    [44:41] Esther’s background.

    [46:11] Growing up among Holocaust survivors in Antwerp.

    [53:45] Her parents’ survival: chance vs. choice.

    [1:02:27] Trust or vulnerability: which comes first?

    [1:04:24] Impermanence as motivation for living fully.

    [1:06:24] Esther on being counterphobic.

    [1:09:35] Studying in Jerusalem.

    [1:14:02] Seeking and approaching mentors.

    [1:22:39] Eroticism as an antidote to death.

    [1:26:04] Options for couples with sexual listlessness.

    [1:33:04] Too much honesty in relationships? American vs. European views.

    [1:39:07] Complete sharing vs. caring in relationships.

    [1:40:16] Guiding patients through infidelity disclosure.

    [1:45:29] Overcoming fear of abandonment in non-exclusive relationships.

    [1:52:23] Quarterly relationship report cards.

    [1:53:54] “Don’t ask, don’t tell” in polyamorous relationships.

    [1:55:46] Innovation and flexibility over rigid ideology in relationships.

    [1:58:43] Relationships as power dynamics.

    [2:02:20] The research process for Esther’s book on adultery.

    [2:08:36] Arguments for marriage today.

    [2:13:47] Divorce rates in second marriages.

    [2:15:13] Marriage’s effect on relationship behavior.

    [2:17:54] Human questions explored through infidelity in Esther’s book.

    [2:21:48] Books Esther frequently gifts and rereads.

    [2:22:42] Esther’s billboard.

    [2:23:15] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry SeinfeldHugh JackmanDr. Jane GoodallLeBron JamesKevin HartDoris Kearns GoodwinJamie FoxxMatthew McConaugheyEsther PerelElizabeth GilbertTerry CrewsSiaYuval Noah HarariMalcolm GladwellMadeleine AlbrightCheryl StrayedJim CollinsMary Karr, Maria PopovaSam HarrisMichael PhelpsBob IgerEdward NortonArnold SchwarzeneggerNeil StraussKen BurnsMaria SharapovaMarc AndreessenNeil GaimanNeil de Grasse TysonJocko WillinkDaniel EkKelly SlaterDr. Peter AttiaSeth GodinHoward MarksDr. Brené BrownEric SchmidtMichael LewisJoe GebbiaMichael PollanDr. Jordan PetersonVince VaughnBrian KoppelmanRamit SethiDax ShepardTony RobbinsJim DethmerDan HarrisRay DalioNaval RavikantVitalik ButerinElizabeth LesserAmanda PalmerKatie HaunSir Richard BransonChuck PalahniukArianna HuffingtonReid HoffmanBill BurrWhitney CummingsRick RubinDr. Vivek MurthyDarren AronofskyMargaret AtwoodMark ZuckerbergPeter ThielDr. Gabor MatéAnne LamottSarah SilvermanDr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.

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