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  • First Time Founders with Ed Elson – How Bobbi Brown Built A Beauty Empire

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    0:01:49 >> Scott, how much do you know about the beauty industry?
    0:01:51 >> More than your average straight white guy.
    0:01:58 I worked with L’Oreal, Estee Lauder, LVMH, Clarence, Mac.
    0:02:00 >> And what were your main takeaways?
    0:02:02 >> That it’s a really impressive industry.
    0:02:04 It attracts a lot of very smart people.
    0:02:06 It’s a growing industry.
    0:02:11 It’s a fantastic high margin industry that it’s all about.
    0:02:16 I mean, it’s kind of the ultimate branding celebrity death match because
    0:02:18 they’re all kind of selling the same mud.
    0:02:25 I mean, really it’s kind of 90% branding and there’s a ton of innovation there.
    0:02:28 The beauty industry or the luxury industry, it doesn’t get the credit it deserves in
    0:02:30 terms of innovation, true innovation around branding.
    0:02:36 There were some of the first to go vertical, have celebrity spokespeople,
    0:02:38 embrace social movements.
    0:02:44 John Dempsey at Estee Lauder was one of the first people to embrace gay people and
    0:02:47 transgender people as spokespeople.
    0:02:49 So they were always kind of cutting edge.
    0:02:55 It was also an industry that advanced female executives pretty quickly.
    0:02:56 So I enjoyed it.
    0:02:58 I really enjoyed working with those companies.
    0:03:05 >> Welcome to First Time Founders.
    0:03:06 I’m Ed Elson.
    0:03:15 In 1991, one woman forever changed the makeup industry with a bold mission.
    0:03:19 To enhance, not alter, a woman’s natural beauty.
    0:03:22 Her approach redefined how we think about makeup and
    0:03:26 her name became synonymous with innovation all over the world.
    0:03:29 After building a billion dollar brand, she stepped away from the company to
    0:03:31 return to her entrepreneurial roots.
    0:03:36 She has succeeded as a makeup artist, an entrepreneur, a television personality,
    0:03:37 and a writer.
    0:03:42 As a true legend in the industry, she continues to reshape the beauty landscape.
    0:03:47 This time with Jones Road, a new makeup company built on the idea of clean beauty.
    0:03:51 This is my conversation with Bobby Brown,
    0:03:54 the founder of Bobby Brown Cosmetics and Jones Road Beauty.
    0:03:57 Bobby Brown, welcome to the show.
    0:03:59 >> Thank you, nice to talk to you.
    0:04:04 >> I think most people know the name Bobby Brown.
    0:04:08 I mean, you go into any department store in the world, you’ve seen that name.
    0:04:13 I don’t think as many people know the story of Bobby Brown, the person.
    0:04:20 So I want to start there, and I’d love to get a sense of your childhood to begin.
    0:04:23 So tell our audience, where did you grow up?
    0:04:25 What were you like as a kid?
    0:04:25 What were your kind of hobbies?
    0:04:27 How did this all begin?
    0:04:29 >> Well, I grew up in the suburbs of Chicago.
    0:04:34 And I just fell in love with makeup as a young kid.
    0:04:38 I used to watch in awe as my mother would get ready for dates with my dad.
    0:04:42 And she was incredibly glamorous, I never was.
    0:04:46 And how I was as a kid, I mean, pretty normal, I guess.
    0:04:48 I didn’t really excel in anything.
    0:04:50 I had a lot of friends.
    0:04:52 I was very social.
    0:04:57 And when I didn’t get good grades, my parents decided they should stop punishing
    0:05:01 me because I probably wouldn’t amount to anything.
    0:05:08 And I think what just that meant was they just didn’t see my career as a businesswoman.
    0:05:10 >> Were you excelling in makeup?
    0:05:13 I mean, where did this makeup habit start?
    0:05:15 >> No, I did not excel in makeup.
    0:05:16 I just loved it.
    0:05:17 I just loved it.
    0:05:19 And I loved watching my mom do it.
    0:05:21 I loved playing with it.
    0:05:27 And as a middle school kid, every middle school kid is insecure.
    0:05:30 And so I discovered that I could put a little bit of makeup on and look better.
    0:05:34 But I didn’t want anyone to know I was wearing it so I would mess around with it.
    0:05:38 And then when I went to college, I transferred a couple of times.
    0:05:42 I thought college was so boring and I didn’t want to go to school.
    0:05:43 And my mother said, you can’t drop out.
    0:05:44 You have to do something.
    0:05:47 Mom, I have no idea what I want to do.
    0:05:49 She said, okay, pretend it’s your birthday.
    0:05:50 You could do anything you want.
    0:05:51 What would you want to do?
    0:05:54 And I thought for a nanosecond.
    0:05:57 And I said, I’d love to go play with makeup at the department store.
    0:05:59 She said, there it is, be a makeup artist.
    0:06:02 And I said, I don’t want to go to beauty school.
    0:06:04 She said, I’m sure there’s a college.
    0:06:08 And I found a college that let me make up my own major and that’s where I went to school.
    0:06:13 No idea what I was going to do with this major, a bachelor of fine arts, but I got one.
    0:06:16 And so then you moved to New York City, right?
    0:06:20 Where you’re working as a freelance makeup artist.
    0:06:24 Did you know at that point that that was going to be your career in the beauty industry
    0:06:25 doing makeup?
    0:06:27 I thought that was going to be my career.
    0:06:30 I never thought anything past being a makeup artist.
    0:06:35 And when I moved to New York, I didn’t know anyone and there was no internet to even figure
    0:06:36 out who anyone was.
    0:06:41 So I would go stand at newspaper stands and look in the magazines and see who were the
    0:06:49 people I should call, which I did and opened up the yellow pages and looked under makeup.
    0:06:53 And I started just putting a portfolio together.
    0:06:55 And I thought, my dream is to have a Vogue cover.
    0:06:58 I wanted to make up for a Vogue cover.
    0:07:00 It took me seven years and I got a Vogue cover.
    0:07:08 So I started this great editorial career being with all the fabulous people and traveling
    0:07:09 a bunch.
    0:07:14 And I made a name for myself, never thinking or knowing where it was going to lead.
    0:07:19 And then you started your company, Bobby Brown Cosmetics.
    0:07:23 But it wasn’t really a company because I didn’t really start a company.
    0:07:29 So what had happened was I fell in love and I didn’t want to travel anymore because I
    0:07:33 would have missed my then-fiancé.
    0:07:39 And so we moved to New Jersey, believe it or not, from New York, which was pretty out
    0:07:42 of the box because no one did that back then.
    0:07:45 And I just said, I can’t keep traveling.
    0:07:48 And I met a chemist at a shoot and I said, I’ve always wanted to make a lipstick that
    0:07:50 looked like lips.
    0:07:53 And so I made a lipstick and I’m like, wow, this is cool.
    0:07:55 I bet people will buy this.
    0:07:57 And I started selling it.
    0:08:00 I never thought I would be a big brand.
    0:08:03 I never thought I would be a no-name.
    0:08:04 I never thought anything.
    0:08:07 I just, wow, this is a cool lipstick.
    0:08:08 I’m usually in the moment.
    0:08:12 Yeah, you mentioned that you wanted to make a lipstick that looked like lips, which today
    0:08:16 I don’t think sounds like a very controversial statement.
    0:08:19 But back then, interestingly, it was.
    0:08:25 And I think the thing that you are known for in the industry, what you pioneered was this
    0:08:31 natural look, this idea of making your face not as made up as it used to be.
    0:08:35 I mean, for those of us who don’t know about this, and I have to admit, I’m sort of one
    0:08:40 of these people, what did makeup look like before you?
    0:08:43 What was new about this natural look?
    0:08:49 Well, first of all, a makeup artist would do someone’s makeup for a magazine or if
    0:08:53 you went into a department store and you would put this foundation on that was whitish or
    0:08:59 pinkish or just ashy and then you’d have to put all this makeup on top that was so bright
    0:09:00 and garish.
    0:09:01 You’d have to blend it.
    0:09:05 And by the time you’re done, it just looked the best way to describe it as artificial.
    0:09:07 It just didn’t look natural.
    0:09:12 And for some reason, even back then, when the girls walked in the shoots or washed their
    0:09:16 faces and left, I realized they looked so much better.
    0:09:20 So I started doing makeup that looked like them.
    0:09:25 I would use a blush, sounds crazy, that was the color of their cheeks when you pinch them.
    0:09:27 I would use a foundation.
    0:09:33 How about this for an a-ho moment, like a foundation that was the color of your skin.
    0:09:34 No one did that.
    0:09:38 What do people think when you come in there and you say, “I want to make it look the same
    0:09:40 color as their skin as it is now.”
    0:09:42 Did people say, “Well, that doesn’t make any sense.”
    0:09:45 Did they say, “That’s not the point of this industry.”
    0:09:49 Many of them said, “You’re never going to work if this is the kind of makeup you do.
    0:09:51 This is not what’s in.”
    0:09:52 And I’m like, “Yeah, but I like it.”
    0:09:56 And there were some photographers that didn’t hire me again because I didn’t do that kind
    0:10:01 of makeup that sometimes bordered on the drag queen makeup.
    0:10:04 It just wasn’t my style, it wasn’t my aesthetics.
    0:10:09 However, I loved when I worked with creative people that would push me to get out of my
    0:10:15 comfort zone and do something very strong and avant-garde, but it was still my style.
    0:10:19 So that was kind of how I honed my skills.
    0:10:23 And then within a few years, I mean, you start selling this lipstick at Bergdorf Goodman
    0:10:25 and it starts doing really well.
    0:10:30 And then it’s kind of like this smash hit in a very short period of time.
    0:10:35 So what were some of those big wins that you experienced in those few years back in the
    0:10:38 early ’90s when Bobby Brown Cosmetics was really doing well?
    0:10:43 I also had two children by then and lived out of the city.
    0:10:47 So I was a working mom commuting back and forth to the city.
    0:10:54 So it was a whirlwind truthfully, two boys that were two years apart and a husband that
    0:10:57 was in law school and this company that had taken off.
    0:11:02 So it was pretty incredible and I’m not sure how I got through it, except I just am the
    0:11:03 kind of person.
    0:11:04 I get through things.
    0:11:06 I’m like, “Oh, that didn’t work.
    0:11:07 Let me do it this way.”
    0:11:10 So I’ve always been resilient that way.
    0:11:11 It was exciting.
    0:11:17 It was fun and I started doing less magazine shoots in favor of doing things that will
    0:11:19 promote the makeup.
    0:11:26 So going on the Today Show, I became the beauty editor and I taught women how to be a makeup
    0:11:30 artist and they would end up running to a counter to buy makeup.
    0:11:36 So it really took off and I guess it was four and a half years after Bobby Brown Cosmetics
    0:11:38 started that we sold it.
    0:11:41 Were you surprised by how well it did?
    0:11:42 I was not.
    0:11:43 I was excited.
    0:11:47 I was thrilled and I really thought what I was doing was better than anything on the
    0:11:48 market.
    0:11:49 Yeah.
    0:11:50 I don’t know if I’m cocky.
    0:11:52 I don’t know if I’m naive.
    0:11:56 I just think what I do is better.
    0:12:00 I can’t help it until I think something really sucks and I’m like, “All right.
    0:12:01 That was terrible.”
    0:12:02 Yeah.
    0:12:07 I did it both ways, but I was excited and I was really busy, really busy both at work
    0:12:08 and at home.
    0:12:11 What’s amazing is how quickly this all happened.
    0:12:16 So this was like around four or five years after you launched this company, then you
    0:12:20 get this call from Estee Lauder who were looking to buy it.
    0:12:21 What happened there?
    0:12:24 Well, we were beating them in the stores.
    0:12:29 We were number one in Bergdorf and Niemans and Lauder always was.
    0:12:31 So they went and they said, “Who is this?
    0:12:32 What is this?”
    0:12:39 And we weren’t for sale, but we ended up selling the company and I stayed as an employee, a
    0:12:42 corporate employee for 22 years.
    0:12:46 It was about almost $100 million.
    0:12:48 Was that a difficult decision?
    0:12:49 No.
    0:12:50 It was not a difficult decision.
    0:12:57 My husband and I had business partners that were a little bit difficult.
    0:13:00 And so I never felt I sold to Estee Lauder.
    0:13:09 I sold to Leonard Lauder and he just became my biggest supporter and he just, I knew he
    0:13:10 supported me.
    0:13:16 I knew he believed in me and I felt he was my partner and he introduced us, my husband
    0:13:23 and I, to so many things and the partners and we couldn’t have done it without Estee
    0:13:24 Lauder.
    0:13:28 But we didn’t know and also he said probably the thing that made the most sense to me.
    0:13:32 He said, “I know what’s important to you and that’s being a mom and being with your
    0:13:38 kids and we can help you have both worlds where we could do the things that you don’t
    0:13:44 really care about and you could be as involved and as in charge as you want.”
    0:13:49 What was that like to meet Leonard Lauder, who’s kind of this icon in the beauty industry?
    0:13:56 I mean, considering how quick your rise was and then you’re suddenly catapulted up there
    0:14:01 and then I assume you’re meeting and having meals with this titan of the industry.
    0:14:02 How did that feel?
    0:14:05 Well, it was so, so cool, first of all.
    0:14:11 And anyone that knows Leonard, he is the warmest, nicest guy, so inclusive, making
    0:14:15 sure you’re okay, making sure everything’s working.
    0:14:19 So you don’t get business partners like that very often.
    0:14:26 So it was amazing and we would go to all of his art shows and openings and galas and
    0:14:35 sit at his table and it was, for Stephen and I, we would just be like, “This is so interesting.”
    0:14:36 Met great people.
    0:14:40 And then in 2016, you decided to leave.
    0:14:44 Was it hard to leave this company that you built yourself?
    0:14:49 It was hard and it was really easy because, you know, for so many of the years, things
    0:14:53 were great and there was a whole bunch of years that things were not great.
    0:14:55 It was not an overnight decision.
    0:15:02 It was a lot of angst and agony and, you know, eventually it just, it reached a point and
    0:15:05 it was like, “Okay, done.”
    0:15:11 And it was tough and not easy after I left to kind of figure out, “Who am I?
    0:15:12 What am I going to do?
    0:15:14 Am I going to be a one-hit wonder?
    0:15:16 You know, what am I going to do with my time?”
    0:15:22 Like I didn’t need to work, but I also didn’t need to learn how to play golf or tennis or
    0:15:23 anything.
    0:15:24 Yeah.
    0:15:25 What did you do with your time right after that?
    0:15:29 I started a bunch of new businesses.
    0:15:31 I, you know, that’s what I did.
    0:15:35 I had, my husband and I developed a hotel in Montclair called the George.
    0:15:38 We have a photo studio, an event studio called 18 Label.
    0:15:44 I started a line of supplements and wellness that I launched with Walmart.
    0:15:46 I went back to being a makeup artist.
    0:15:47 I filmed a master class.
    0:15:53 I mean, I did a lot of interesting things until my non-compete was up.
    0:16:01 And I didn’t know I was going to have another beauty company, but I did.
    0:16:16 We’ll be right back.
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    0:18:35 We’re back with first-time founders.
    0:18:42 So we’ll just fast-forward here to your latest beauty company, which is Jones Road, which
    0:18:50 you launched on October 26th, 2020, which was the exact day that your 25-year non-compete
    0:18:53 with Estee Lauder ended.
    0:18:58 So my question was going to be, was this always part of the plan?
    0:19:02 I mean, it certainly looks like it, but you say no, you didn’t know.
    0:19:08 Well, the plan of when I was going to launch it came after I realized I wanted to do something
    0:19:09 again.
    0:19:12 And I kept everything under wraps because I had a non-compete.
    0:19:19 So I worked on a couple products with a very small team of one.
    0:19:21 And I wasn’t sure how I was going to launch it.
    0:19:24 At first I said, well, I’ll just launch it on Etsy.
    0:19:26 I’ll start selling a pencil on Etsy.
    0:19:27 I’ll start.
    0:19:31 And I had a four and a half year left under 25 years when I left the brand.
    0:19:35 It’s a really long time for someone that doesn’t have a lot of patience.
    0:19:39 Everybody just said, wait, just wait, wait till you’re free, wait till your non-compete
    0:19:40 is up.
    0:19:41 And we did.
    0:19:47 And think about it, we launched the day the non-compete was up, and that was one week
    0:19:51 before the then presidential election in the middle of the pandemic, in the middle of
    0:19:55 all the social unrest, and everyone said, don’t do it.
    0:19:59 Every PR guru I talked to said, you’re out of your mind, you’re out of your mind.
    0:20:01 And I just didn’t listen.
    0:20:05 Just like I didn’t listen when they told me I need to do different kind of makeup.
    0:20:06 It just felt right.
    0:20:07 I’m like, no, this feels right.
    0:20:12 I mean, I think about this with my own work too, where it’s like, I find that the best
    0:20:16 stuff is the stuff that I truly believe is good.
    0:20:21 And I’m just kind of convinced by it, and I’m not really sure why.
    0:20:24 And you’ve sort of done that over and over again.
    0:20:25 Where do you think that comes from?
    0:20:31 Well, it’s not that I don’t listen, because I listen to what they say, but then I decide
    0:20:32 what’s right for me.
    0:20:38 And I hear you, I hear you, I hear you, but I want to do this, and I think it’s right.
    0:20:39 I don’t know where it comes.
    0:20:41 I don’t know where my gut comes.
    0:20:43 My gut is not always right.
    0:20:47 It’s often right, and it’s many times wrong.
    0:20:49 So I just, no, this makes sense.
    0:20:50 Why not?
    0:20:54 And I’m also someone that I don’t believe in failure.
    0:20:55 Like, so what?
    0:20:58 We do something, and we say, well, that was really dumb.
    0:20:59 That didn’t work.
    0:21:00 All right, well, let me do something else.
    0:21:03 That taught me that I can’t do this again.
    0:21:10 So I just start again, brush myself off and say, let’s go do this.
    0:21:14 This company, Jones Road, is the opposite of a failure.
    0:21:19 I mean, I’m just looking at the financials here that have floated around online.
    0:21:24 My understanding is that Jones Road did $20 million in revenue in its first year, and
    0:21:29 then last year, it was around $150 million in revenue.
    0:21:30 57.
    0:21:32 There we go.
    0:21:36 What do you think has made this company such a success?
    0:21:39 Oh my God, it’s not just me.
    0:21:45 You know, I mean, I’m certainly part of it, and what I, again, what I believe in is making
    0:21:48 makeup that when you put it on, you just look better.
    0:21:50 I mean, a stupid concept, right?
    0:21:52 No, that’s why people wear makeup.
    0:21:58 And I don’t listen to all the noise out there of what should be done or what other people
    0:22:01 are doing, because that’s great for them.
    0:22:06 And yeah, there’s a market for makeup, you know, to contour and overline your lips and,
    0:22:08 you know, do all those crazy things.
    0:22:10 It’s just not my market.
    0:22:15 But there’s enough people that just want to look better.
    0:22:19 And you know, the hashtag I started when we launched Jones Road, which no one uses except
    0:22:24 me, because I guess no one uses hashtags anymore, was how not to look like shit.
    0:22:28 Like, that’s why I wear makeup, because I’m like, I just look like shit.
    0:22:29 What am I doing here?
    0:22:36 When you look back at Bobby Brown Cosmetics, which you launched in 1990, and then you
    0:22:42 look at Jones Road, which you launched 30 years later in 2020, what would you say are
    0:22:48 like the main differences in the beauty industry back then compared to today?
    0:22:54 Like what are some things in your overall strategy that you had to change just because
    0:22:55 we’re living in a new era?
    0:22:56 Right.
    0:22:57 Well, so many things.
    0:22:58 Like distribution.
    0:23:00 You know, we’re not in department stores.
    0:23:04 I mean, one store in the world, we are in one store in the world, and that’s Liberty
    0:23:07 in London because it’s Liberty.
    0:23:09 I mean, there’s no other store like that.
    0:23:12 And I think also just doing things differently.
    0:23:21 So our current CEO happens to be this mastermind of digital marketing, weirdly enough, he also
    0:23:29 happens to be my second son, which is just the weirdest thing to think that this kid
    0:23:37 who didn’t really care a thing about makeup, and has just really made a huge difference
    0:23:41 and now he’s running the company, I mean, he has finance reporting to him.
    0:23:46 He has, I think, I’m not sure if he reports to me or I report to him, it depends who you
    0:23:48 talk to.
    0:23:49 And his wife is our head of brand.
    0:23:54 So weirdly enough, we have turned into a family business.
    0:23:58 My husband is the head of our board.
    0:24:03 And my other kids are there when I need their opinion, which they’re very loud, they give
    0:24:05 to me.
    0:24:07 And it’s just the world is different.
    0:24:12 And I think it’s so interesting to do things different ways, to market it different ways,
    0:24:18 to talk to your customer the way you would talk to a friend and not have layers.
    0:24:24 That’s the biggest thing, not have layers and not waste time, energy and money on consultants
    0:24:25 that you don’t need.
    0:24:26 What do you mean by layers?
    0:24:33 Oh my God, to get something approved at the height of my career at the big corporate company,
    0:24:37 there was people that you just had to get all these people’s opinion on from all the
    0:24:40 different departments and corporate and internal.
    0:24:46 And now it’s, I make the final say on some things, Cody makes the final say on other
    0:24:50 things and we work it together.
    0:24:54 So you have a conversation, you hash it out and then a decision is made.
    0:25:01 Yeah, it does feel that direct to consumer is this, or maybe we just call it direct,
    0:25:08 this idea of getting rid of all of the intermediaries, whether it means trying to make a corporate
    0:25:12 decision and then having it go through this long chain and then finally being spat out
    0:25:14 at the other end.
    0:25:18 These are trying to get rid of that and then we’re also seeing it in marketing and entertainment
    0:25:25 where podcasts like ourselves, we’re just putting our stuff direct out to our audience.
    0:25:33 It feels like this is a new trend and it does seem, you’re almost 100% D2C at Jones Road.
    0:25:35 How do you create that culture in your company?
    0:25:41 How do you keep those layers from getting into the structure and how do you keep everything
    0:25:43 as direct as you have it now?
    0:25:49 We’re pretty lean, we’re pretty scrappy and we tend to hire, I don’t know if it’s a good
    0:25:57 thing or a bad thing, but younger people with less history of experience, I mean our creative
    0:26:03 director, it’s her first job and she’s phenomenal and I don’t even think she’s 27 yet.
    0:26:09 I don’t know, she might’ve just turned 27 and she’s just talented and so there’s sometimes
    0:26:16 that gets frustrating because people don’t have the experience and I’m not going to say
    0:26:21 the maturity, but the experience to say, “Okay, wait, this has to be done or that has to
    0:26:29 be done,” but they’re learning and I’m learning by the way that it’s my job to not only expect
    0:26:34 them to do it, but also to teach them, like, “Okay, let’s look at this, wouldn’t it make
    0:26:39 more sense if we did this two months earlier and not the day before?”
    0:26:43 I keep getting things to approve on my, I’m like, “Oh my God, it has to go up tomorrow,
    0:26:51 I have to look at it now,” but whatever, it’s a new world and in order to be successful
    0:26:58 now is you have to just be different and just be open and scrappy and not waste money.
    0:27:04 Just going back to the differences between then and now, I mean, you’re in this unique
    0:27:09 position, you started two successful companies in the same category in totally different
    0:27:16 times and I’d be interested to know, to understand your views on just how, what role is social
    0:27:23 media playing in the beauty industry today and how important is it for your strategy?
    0:27:30 Well, it’s super important and for us, it’s very authentic and I have actually had a couple
    0:27:37 podcasts that I was a host of, I’m not anymore and I think all those things just brings you
    0:27:45 to a new audience and the health of any company are yes, you’re existing customers, but you’re
    0:27:46 new customers.
    0:27:53 So for me, doing new media is super important, I opened a sub-stack last year, there was
    0:27:59 three people that read it and now it’s growing and now everyone’s talking about sub-stack.
    0:28:06 So TikTok was huge for us, it quadrupled our business, we had a bunch of viral moments
    0:28:10 and we’re not doing that anymore because that’s not working the way it was.
    0:28:18 So you kind of have to shift and be open and Cody is a very big proponent in our digital
    0:28:22 marketing and ad spend, so I don’t know exactly what he does.
    0:28:28 I don’t even know how much he spends, I just know that we have healthy sales and I know
    0:28:31 people that watch cable TV tell me they see my commercial.
    0:28:37 I don’t watch cable news but apparently it’s on every cable show, so especially in Florida
    0:28:43 everyone stops me and says, “I saw you on CNN, I saw you on Fox, I saw you on…” and
    0:28:45 everyone yells at me like, “Why are you on CNN?
    0:28:46 Why are you on Fox?”
    0:28:48 I’m like, “All right, everyone just stop, it’s just makeup.”
    0:28:58 Yeah, I mean it’s so funny, you’ve basically found success in every entertainment medium
    0:29:06 or every digital channel or TV channel, every medium, you’ve succeeded as a makeup artist,
    0:29:12 you’ve been a successful entrepreneur, you’ve written several successful books.
    0:29:18 I kind of just think of you as yes, a makeup artist but more importantly just a serial
    0:29:23 achiever and it sounds like whatever you put your mind to.
    0:29:28 So this is kind of a trite question but I do think it’s important.
    0:29:32 What do you think is the secret to your success?
    0:29:36 Why do you think you have been successful in all of these different realms?
    0:29:40 Well I actually have an answer that I believe there’s two things.
    0:29:45 One is I’m incredibly naive, like I don’t think it’s not going to work, I don’t think
    0:29:50 I’m too old, I don’t think I’m too short, I don’t think I’m too anything and the other
    0:29:56 thing is I’m really good at knowing what I have no idea what to do and I hire people
    0:29:57 that do it.
    0:30:01 So I’ve written nine books, I don’t know, nine or ten, I forget.
    0:30:05 I don’t know how to type and I’ve written nine books.
    0:30:10 And half of the books, by the way, I photographed first and then I wrote the books to the pictures.
    0:30:17 So I just figured out if I do things the bobby way, for me it works better and by the way
    0:30:21 when people work with me they either get me or they don’t.
    0:30:27 So I’m writing a book now and I take a screenshot of the pages and I send the screenshot to
    0:30:31 someone and the screenshot is a pen that I took to the paper and all the changes and
    0:30:36 someone has to retype it and send it back and then I do it again.
    0:30:38 So that is not for the faint of heart.
    0:30:42 Yeah, it’s also called incredibly good delegation.
    0:30:47 Yes, but micromanaging in the same way.
    0:30:47 We’ll be right back.
    0:31:01 We’re taking Vox Media podcasts on the road and heading back to Austin for the South
    0:31:04 by Southwest Festival, March 8th to the 10th.
    0:31:05 What a thrill.
    0:31:09 We’ll be doing special live episodes of hit shows, including Pivot.
    0:31:10 That’s right.
    0:31:12 That dog’s going to the great state of Texas.
    0:31:18 Where should we begin with Esther Perel, a Touch More with Sue Bird and Megan Rapinoe,
    0:31:23 not just football with Cam Hayward and more presented by Smartsheet.
    0:31:28 The Vox Media podcast stage at South by Southwest is open to all South by Southwest badge holders.
    0:31:31 We hope to see you at the Austin Convention Center soon.
    0:31:36 Visit voxmedia.com/sxsw to learn more.
    0:31:45 Visit voxmedia.com/sxsw.
    0:31:49 We’re taking Vox Media podcasts on the road and heading back to Austin for the South
    0:31:52 by Southwest Festival, March 8th to the 10th.
    0:31:53 What a thrill.
    0:31:57 Chicken fajitas, queso, strawberry margarita, extra chata tequila.
    0:32:02 There you’ll be able to see special live episodes of hit shows, including our show Pivot.
    0:32:04 Where should we begin with Esther Perel?
    0:32:09 A Touch More with Sue Bird and Megan Rapinoe, not just football with Cam Hayward and more
    0:32:12 presented by Smartsheet.
    0:32:18 The Vox Media podcast stage at South by Southwest is open to all South by Southwest badge holders.
    0:32:21 We hope to see you at the Austin Convention Center soon.
    0:32:22 I’m not joking.
    0:32:23 I love South by Southwest.
    0:32:25 The people are a ton of fun.
    0:32:26 It’s a great time.
    0:32:33 If you do come up and say hi, visit voxmedia.com/sxsw to learn more.
    0:32:40 Visit voxmedia.com/sxsw.
    0:32:45 A New York City bodega recently started selling what they’re calling Lucy Eggs.
    0:32:49 Instead of a dozen or half dozen, you can buy a little bag with three little eggs in
    0:32:50 it.
    0:32:53 The idea got a ton of attention.
    0:32:57 It’s not loose cigarettes, but loose eggs drawing people to Pamela’s green deli.
    0:33:02 He says the idea to sell the loose eggs came after seeing customers being forced to leave
    0:33:05 a full carton on the counter.
    0:33:08 Currently, New York State requires eggs to be sold in packages.
    0:33:13 And while the price of eggs is cracking wallets right now, Rodriguez tells us he just hopes
    0:33:19 to help his community one day at a time.
    0:33:21 Eggs are too expensive.
    0:33:22 Ask anyone.
    0:33:23 Ask the president of the United States.
    0:33:27 The eggs, because I’m hearing so much about eggs, you’ll figure it out, you gotta figure
    0:33:28 something out fast.
    0:33:33 But on today, Explained Vox’s Kenny Torello is actually going to make the case that eggs
    0:33:37 are too cheap.
    0:33:45 Get a load of this guy, will ya?
    0:33:47 We’re back with First Time Founders.
    0:33:53 You’ve also built, you know, in addition to these brands you’ve built in the beauty industry,
    0:33:56 you’ve also built this personal brand.
    0:34:03 Like, you know, people know Bobby Brown, they see you on TV, they read your books.
    0:34:08 For whatever reason, Bobby Brown, the person, is intriguing to people.
    0:34:10 I’d love to just know more about that.
    0:34:12 Was this intentional?
    0:34:15 Do you think of yourself as a brand?
    0:34:17 Do you try to brand yourself?
    0:34:19 I don’t try to do anything.
    0:34:22 And I don’t think of myself as a brand.
    0:34:29 And I think why people relate to me is because my, I’m exactly the same way on TV and in
    0:34:34 interviews as I am if I was at your house.
    0:34:35 And I’m real and authentic.
    0:34:41 I mean, I’ve, you know, I talk about my three sons, you know, more than I talk about my
    0:34:42 business.
    0:34:43 Like, if someone says, “How are you doing?”
    0:34:44 I mean, it’s about my kids.
    0:34:45 It’s the most important thing.
    0:34:49 My marriage at 36 years, the most important thing.
    0:34:55 It feels like the beauty industry is an industry where this is uniquely important, like the
    0:34:58 role of celebrities and influences.
    0:35:04 And I think about all of the beauty brands that have risen in the last few years that
    0:35:06 are started by celebrities.
    0:35:10 Like you’ve got like Kylie Jenner’s company and Rihanna has one of the biggest makeup companies
    0:35:12 in the world and Selena Gomez.
    0:35:17 Like this is a very celebrity heavy industry.
    0:35:23 And I’m wondering if that is a new phenomenon, you know, did the beauty industry look like
    0:35:31 that several years ago, you know, back when you were building Bobby Brown cosmetics?
    0:35:36 And if not, you know, why has this influence or culture emerged in this industry?
    0:35:37 Well, it’s funny.
    0:35:42 I mentioned three of the celebrities that have substantial brands and something, it’s
    0:35:46 not just their name, like they have a point of view and, you know, they’re doing well
    0:35:47 for a reason.
    0:35:52 There’s a lot of celebrities that their name is attached to it, but there’s no real, there’s
    0:35:55 no real connection or the products aren’t good.
    0:35:59 Like, it’s, the products have to be good to be able to have a brand.
    0:36:02 And when I was first starting, there was no celebrity brands.
    0:36:05 There was no makeup artists that had brands.
    0:36:11 You know, there was Elizabeth Taylor, who was the face of, you know, whatever Revlon
    0:36:16 it was or, you know, models and actresses that were paid by companies to be their spokes.
    0:36:18 I think they called them spokespeople.
    0:36:19 Spokespeople.
    0:36:20 That’s funny.
    0:36:21 Right.
    0:36:22 I mean, I think that’s what it was.
    0:36:26 And they were in all the ads and all of that they didn’t own the brands.
    0:36:33 I mean, now I do think it’s pretty amazing and cool that so many celebrities, actresses,
    0:36:38 you know, retired sports players now can have their own thing because, you know, a lot of
    0:36:41 careers are done when you’re 30.
    0:36:42 And so it’s good.
    0:36:45 You know, I think it’s a wonderful thing that people could be an entrepreneur and business
    0:36:46 people as they get older.
    0:36:51 I look at my dear friend, Michael Strahan, you know, who was a retired football player
    0:36:55 and the guy has blown up, you know, talk about a personal brand.
    0:37:00 So it doesn’t always work and it’s not easy.
    0:37:01 That’s the thing.
    0:37:02 People think it’s easy.
    0:37:03 None of it is easy.
    0:37:05 It requires constant work.
    0:37:09 And when things don’t work, you need to push back and say, OK, things are not working now.
    0:37:10 What do we do?
    0:37:17 Do you think it’s essential today to have that level of digital social influencer presence
    0:37:23 for a consumer brand like Jones Road or any of these other beauty companies?
    0:37:30 Like is it essential that you have a big following somewhere to successfully launch a consumer
    0:37:31 product like this?
    0:37:34 I would say it’s pretty essential and pretty important.
    0:37:41 And you know, the main thing you want to do is to have people know about you or discover
    0:37:43 you through whatever.
    0:37:48 And you know, social media, if you’re not overspending on, you know, hiring companies
    0:37:52 to come in and do everything, it’s pretty much free, you know?
    0:37:57 So we now have, I think we have two people now in our social media department where we
    0:38:03 used to have, you know, none and whoever was around would be helping and doing it.
    0:38:07 And some brands have 30 people and have agencies.
    0:38:10 So you know, it all depends what’s right for you.
    0:38:17 And I guess because they have me, they don’t need to have a spokesperson that they pay.
    0:38:21 I’m kind of a big spokesperson for it.
    0:38:26 And you know, we have a look, we have an opportunity to reach a younger consumer.
    0:38:29 I don’t know, do the 30 year olds know about me?
    0:38:30 I don’t know.
    0:38:32 You know, how do we reach them?
    0:38:36 I don’t know, you know, but so, you know, you always think about that.
    0:38:39 What are your views on social media in general?
    0:38:42 Does it make you anxious?
    0:38:43 Does it make you excited?
    0:38:49 Like do you feel overall positive or negative on the way we’re headed into this digital
    0:38:50 world?
    0:38:51 I think both.
    0:38:54 I mean, I’m glad I don’t have three young daughters because I think it would be really
    0:38:55 hard.
    0:38:59 It’s hard enough when you didn’t get invited to a party when you were a kid.
    0:39:03 And to see the party and all your friends online, you know, is tough.
    0:39:08 And you know, when I see certain activations that brand has done that I didn’t get invited
    0:39:12 to, by the way, I don’t want to go, I just wanted to be invited.
    0:39:15 So I’m like, oh, I didn’t get invited to that.
    0:39:16 You know, right.
    0:39:17 I mean, we all feel like that.
    0:39:19 So I’m like, yeah, okay.
    0:39:25 You know, I think it kind of you, I take it with a grain of salt and I think the positive
    0:39:30 thing is the way that I personally connect with people, I’ve booked models, I’ve found
    0:39:36 beautiful women who are posting exercise pictures of them and, okay, would you, if I send you
    0:39:37 makeup, do you want to try it?
    0:39:40 And then they start, you know, they start posting.
    0:39:43 So we’ve developed a community of people.
    0:39:45 We have a Facebook group.
    0:39:46 It’s called the Roadies.
    0:39:54 You know, Jones wrote the Roadies last, last count, there were 66,000 of them, 66,000.
    0:39:59 And if you go on there and you see these women talk to each other, and if someone says, I
    0:40:03 can’t use this because of this, 22 people say, no, no, no, no, you’re using it wrong.
    0:40:04 Let me show you.
    0:40:09 I mean, and if I need to know something, what other colors do you want me to put out?
    0:40:12 Oh my God, I get flooded with the list.
    0:40:19 So you know, I personally use that as my market research and my community that, you know,
    0:40:21 will tell me what they like and what they don’t like.
    0:40:24 Well, Bobby, you’ve been very generous with your time.
    0:40:25 Thank you.
    0:40:29 You have your first short television series on YouTube coming out a few days after this
    0:40:30 episode airs.
    0:40:32 You want to tell us a little bit about the show and how it came about?
    0:40:33 Sure.
    0:40:34 It’s called I Am Me.
    0:40:39 And that’s the brand pillar of Jones Road, which is teaching women like, you know, I’m
    0:40:41 not trying to change you into someone else.
    0:40:42 You’re fine the way you are.
    0:40:46 I mean, makeup is a nice tool to make you feel more like yourself.
    0:40:52 And this started because we hosted at the George Hotel, a women of influence sleepover
    0:40:57 with women like Gloria Steinem and Deborah Roberts and all these amazing women where
    0:41:02 we talked about body image and hair and all these different things.
    0:41:05 And we spent 24 hours together and it was incredible.
    0:41:09 I wanted to figure out a way how to bring this to a larger audience.
    0:41:13 So it’s being sponsored by JP Morgan.
    0:41:17 So the conversations, they’re 10 to 15 minute conversations and they’re going to be about
    0:41:23 confidence, self-esteem, and being comfortable with your career, your money, because, you
    0:41:29 know, how men and women, you know, we’re not that different that way, how we feel about
    0:41:34 ourselves and how we feel about our careers and are very, they’re very kind of hand in
    0:41:35 hand.
    0:41:36 Yeah.
    0:41:43 To wrap up confidence, you are an extremely confident person.
    0:41:45 Where does confidence come from?
    0:41:49 How can people be more confident in their daily lives?
    0:41:53 I realized probably not until I was in my fifties.
    0:41:54 What is confidence?
    0:41:55 Everyone talks about it.
    0:41:56 How do I become confident?
    0:41:58 It’s really simple.
    0:42:01 Just be comfortable in who your skin and who you are.
    0:42:06 When you realize this is who I am, take it or leave it, that’s being confident.
    0:42:09 You know, I tried to change, but it didn’t work.
    0:42:12 So being myself kind of fit the best.
    0:42:15 Bobby Brown is the founder of Jones Road Beauty.
    0:42:17 She is a legend of the beauty industry.
    0:42:20 Bobby, this was so fun.
    0:42:22 Thank you for joining the show.
    0:42:24 This was a real treat for us.
    0:42:25 My pleasure.
    0:42:33 Our producer is Claire Miller, our associate producer is Alison Weiss, and our engineer
    0:42:34 is Benjamin Spencer.
    0:42:39 Thank you for listening to First Time Founders from the Vox Media Podcast Network.
    0:42:41 Tune in tomorrow for Prodigy Markets.
    0:42:51 [Music]
    0:42:53 [Music]
    0:42:55 [Music]
    0:43:05 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    Ed speaks with Bobbi Brown, the founder of Bobbi Brown Cosmetics and Jones Road Beauty. They discuss her journey in the beauty industry, the impact of social media on the makeup world, and the importance of building a personal brand.

    Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

  • No Mercy / No Malice: Marrying Up and Marrying Down

    AI transcript
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    0:00:43 You have a good day.
    0:00:45 Discover the new Skidoo models now.
    0:00:47 Roll up to win is back at Tim Hortons.
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    0:01:06 I’m Scott Galloway, and this is No Mercy, No Malice.
    0:01:08 What’s the new luxury item?
    0:01:10 Marriage.
    0:01:13 Marrying up and marrying down, as read by George Hahn.
    0:01:30 This post was written by Richard Reeves.
    0:01:35 A dramatic reversal has taken place on college campuses.
    0:01:39 Once male dominated, they are now populated largely by women.
    0:01:44 In the early 1970s, about three in five students were men.
    0:01:47 Now it is the other way around.
    0:01:52 There are 2.5 million fewer male than female undergraduates.
    0:01:55 There’s an even bigger gender gap in master’s degrees.
    0:01:57 Does this matter?
    0:02:01 After all, the massive educational advance of women and girls
    0:02:06 is rightly seen as a cause for celebration rather than lamentation.
    0:02:09 Given that men still out-earn women,
    0:02:13 there’s an argument to be made that women need to out-learn men,
    0:02:16 just to keep up in the labor market.
    0:02:18 I think it does matter.
    0:02:24 For one thing, it highlights how the K-12 educational system fails boys.
    0:02:27 Kudos to those governors like Wes Moore in Maryland
    0:02:30 and Spencer Cox in Utah, who have noticed.
    0:02:32 Even when men do enroll in college,
    0:02:36 they’re much less likely to get a degree.
    0:02:39 Too much male talent is being left on the table.
    0:02:42 This is why 30 or so institutions
    0:02:46 have already joined a new initiative I’m helping lead,
    0:02:50 the Higher Education Male Achievement Collaborative.
    0:02:53 But there is one thing we can stop worrying about,
    0:02:58 that the college gender gap is reducing marriage rates.
    0:03:02 This is a common concern and for good reason.
    0:03:04 There is pretty strong evidence
    0:03:08 for what anthropologists call female hypergamy,
    0:03:12 which is a fancy way of saying that women typically want to marry men
    0:03:15 of at least equal or preferably higher status.
    0:03:20 The fear is that with so many more college-educated women than men,
    0:03:23 marriage rates will plummet.
    0:03:25 I’ve always been skeptical of this argument.
    0:03:30 For one thing, women overtook men in higher education back in the 1980s.
    0:03:34 So if marriage rates among women with a college degree were going to fall,
    0:03:37 they’d have done so by now and they haven’t.
    0:03:39 There is also some evidence from European countries
    0:03:45 that hypergamy declines as gender equality increases.
    0:03:47 Because this is an empirical question,
    0:03:50 I commissioned an empirical study.
    0:03:55 The resulting paper by Clara Chambers, Benjamin Goldman, and Joseph Winkelman
    0:03:59 uses data from Opportunity Insights,
    0:04:02 a team of researchers and policy analysts at Harvard,
    0:04:06 led by economist Raj Chetty.
    0:04:10 Marriage rates among college-educated women have been rock-steady
    0:04:16 at around 70% for decades, at least since World War II.
    0:04:21 The decline in marriage rates has been among women without a BA.
    0:04:26 As a result, a huge class gap in marriage has opened up.
    0:04:30 As the authors of the study write for AIBM,
    0:04:34 “The stable marriage outcomes for college-educated women
    0:04:38 sharply contrast with the significant decline in marriage rates
    0:04:43 among women without a BA over the past half century.
    0:04:48 Among women born in 1930, there was no education gap in marriage rates.
    0:04:52 Since then, a nearly 20 percentage point gap has emerged
    0:04:59 with college-educated women now significantly more likely to marry.”
    0:05:03 The simple math here means that some women with college degrees
    0:05:07 must be marrying men without college degrees.
    0:05:11 That is exactly what the paper finds.
    0:05:17 One in five college-educated women marry a man without a four-year degree.
    0:05:21 What’s more surprising is that this was always the case,
    0:05:24 long before the great educational overtaking.
    0:05:31 College-educated women born in 1950 were as likely as those born in 1980
    0:05:35 to marry a man without a degree.
    0:05:39 Women with college degrees continue to marry at high rates,
    0:05:43 in part because of the continued willingness among one-fifth of them
    0:05:47 to marry down in terms of education.
    0:05:50 This suggests that a combination of female hypergamy
    0:05:53 and a growing gender gap in education
    0:05:57 is not having a negative impact on marriage rates.
    0:06:00 Of course, there are still many unanswered questions.
    0:06:04 Maybe some of the 30 percent of those women with a BA
    0:06:07 but no wedding ring would be more inclined to marry
    0:06:10 if there were more college-educated men around.
    0:06:14 The stability of the marriage trend suggests not, however.
    0:06:17 It looks like they just don’t want to marry, period.
    0:06:20 In the most interesting couples from a cultural perspective,
    0:06:24 the wife has more education than the husband.
    0:06:28 At first glance, that bucks the whole idea of hypergamy.
    0:06:34 But, of course, education is only one marker of marriageability and status.
    0:06:37 It turns out that money matters a lot, too.
    0:06:40 Men who have a college-educated wife,
    0:06:42 even though they don’t have a BA themselves,
    0:06:45 in other words, men who’ve married up in educational terms,
    0:06:50 make a lot more money than other guys with similar levels of education.
    0:06:58 Among those born in 1980, guys who married up make $68,000 a year
    0:07:01 compared to the $46,000 a year earned by men
    0:07:06 who either married a woman without a degree or didn’t marry at all.
    0:07:10 The earnings premium among men who marry up educationally
    0:07:13 has gotten bigger over time.
    0:07:17 This shows that women with a degree are willing to marry men without one
    0:07:21 so long as they’re making decent money.
    0:07:25 Women might marry down in terms of education,
    0:07:28 but not in terms of earnings.
    0:07:34 The good news here is that economically viable men have decent marriage prospects
    0:07:38 and that women with degrees can find a good man.
    0:07:42 The bad news is that men doing badly in the labor market
    0:07:46 are likely to struggle in the marriage market, too.
    0:07:50 The paper finds that in areas where working-class men are doing better,
    0:07:55 marriage rates go up, cutting the marital class gap in half,
    0:08:00 making men more economically viable to use one of Scott’s favorite terms,
    0:08:05 turns out to be the key to improving marital prospects.
    0:08:10 There’s a corrosive downward spiral at work right now.
    0:08:15 As the economic prospects of men without a college degree decline,
    0:08:17 marriage rates fall.
    0:08:21 That leaves millions more men and women without a partner to share the
    0:08:25 responsibilities and benefits of family life.
    0:08:31 In other work by AIBM, we show that half of men without a college degree,
    0:08:37 aged 30 to 50, now live in a household without children.
    0:08:41 Without the positive pressures that come from being a father and husband,
    0:08:46 men are even less likely to really go for it on the work front.
    0:08:50 They are more likely to be unemployed. They become more vulnerable to addiction,
    0:08:55 more socially isolated, all of which makes them less attractive as potential
    0:08:59 spouses. Boys raised in single-mother households
    0:09:04 then struggle in school and in life, and they have difficulty finding a mate
    0:09:09 and forming a family, too. And so the cycle turns.
    0:09:12 The economic struggles of boys and men become entrenched
    0:09:15 across generations.
    0:09:20 It’s not often enough stressed that the class gap in marriage
    0:09:23 is not only a consequence of economic inequality,
    0:09:29 but also a cause of it. Pooling incomes into a single household is
    0:09:32 obviously optimal, but from an economic perspective,
    0:09:37 especially for those with the lowest incomes, who are now the least likely to
    0:09:41 marry. Some scholars suggest that the class
    0:09:46 gap in marriage can explain much of the decline in social mobility in recent
    0:09:50 decades. Concerns about marriage should then be
    0:09:55 focused on men and women with less educational attainment and/or
    0:10:00 worsening economic outcomes. The problem is not that your daughter
    0:10:05 graduating from Amherst or Berkeley won’t find a man good enough for her.
    0:10:08 The problem is that a woman in Appalachia or the Bronx
    0:10:13 won’t find a man she sees as worth marrying.
    0:10:17 The best pro-marriage anti-poverty strategy
    0:10:23 is simple. Improve the economic prospects of working class and lower
    0:10:29 income men. Simple does not mean easy, of course.
    0:10:32 Massive investments in education and training are required,
    0:10:36 as well as more spending on infrastructure, place-based policies to
    0:10:40 help the poorest counties, and much more besides.
    0:10:45 But it’s clear where to start with the boys
    0:10:48 and men.
    0:10:58 Life is so rich.
    0:11:07 All right, Sean, you can do this promo talking about all the great
    0:11:12 box media podcasts that are going to be on stage live at South by Southwest this
    0:11:17 March. You just need a big idea to get people’s attention, to help them,
    0:11:20 you know, keep them from hitting the skip button.
    0:11:24 I don’t know. I’m going to throw it out to the group chat. Kara, do you have any
    0:11:26 ideas? In these challenging times, we’re a group of
    0:11:30 mighty hosts who have banded together to fight disinformation by speaking
    0:11:35 truth to power, like the Avengers, but with more spandex. What do you think, Scott?
    0:11:39 I’m more of an X-man fan myself. I call me professor.
    0:11:43 Can I read minds? I can’t really read minds, but I can empathize
    0:11:47 with anyone having a mid-life crisis, which is essentially any tech leader so.
    0:11:51 Mines are important, Scott, but we’re more than that.
    0:11:56 I think that you can’t really separate minds from feelings,
    0:12:00 and we need to talk about our emotions and explore the layers of our
    0:12:04 relationships with our partners, co-workers, our families,
    0:12:08 neighbors, and our adjacent communities. I just want to add a touch more.
    0:12:12 From sports and culture to tech and politics, Vox Media has an All-Star lineup
    0:12:16 of podcasts that’s great in your feeds, but even better live.
    0:12:23 That’s it! All-Stars! Get your game on, go, play, come see a bunch of Vox Media
    0:12:27 All-Stars, and also me at South by Southwest on the Vox Media
    0:12:31 podcast stage presented by Smartsheet and Intuit.
    0:12:38 March 8th through 10th in Austin, Texas. Go to voxmedia.com/sxsw.
    0:12:45 You’ll never know if you don’t go. You’ll never shine if you don’t glow.

    Written by Richard Reeves. As read by George Hahn.

    Marrying Up and Marrying Down

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  • The Memecoin Casino

    What do Moo Deng the pygmy hippo, social media sensation Hawk Tuah, and the President of the United States all have in common? They’ve all inspired highly valuable, highly volatile memecoins.

    The humble memecoin began as a sort of satirical send up of speculation in the crypto world. But it was a joke that soon became very real. In the decade since the launch of Dogecoin in 2013, a series of cultural shifts and technological leaps enabled an explosion in the number of new memecoins. And this memecoin explosion has not only minted millionaires but also led to hordes of unlucky investors and untold scams.

    On today’s show, what’s in a memecoin? How they went from a one-off joke to a speculative frenzy worth tens of billions of dollars? And who are the winners and losers in this brazen new market? wow such tease many listens

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  • Welcome to Young and Profiting Podcast

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    0:00:06 Today’s episode of YAP is sponsored in part by Rakuten, Factor, Robinhood, Airbnb, Shopify,
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    0:01:29 As always, you can find all of our incredible deals in the show notes or at youngandprofiting.com/deals.
    0:01:34 If you’re in the driver’s seat and refuse to coast through life, this is Young and Profiting
    0:01:40 Podcast where you get actionable advice to level up your life and business.
    0:01:45 I’m the podcast princess Halataha, the host of Young and Profiting Podcast, and I invite
    0:01:50 you to join the YAP BAM to uncover the secrets of some of the most brilliant entrepreneurs
    0:01:53 on the planet, from digital pioneers like Gary Vee.
    0:01:58 The reason people burn out is because they choose money, not entrepreneurship.
    0:02:01 To creative visionaries like Jenna Kutcher.
    0:02:07 I built a million-dollar business because I now have time to be creative again.
    0:02:10 Sales experts like Ryan Sirhant don’t sell.
    0:02:14 Bad salespeople are people who watch a pot boil water.
    0:02:19 And even movie stars like Matthew McConaughey keep confident with who you are.
    0:02:24 In Young and Profiting, we focus on the things that will help you win in business and life,
    0:02:28 like marketing and sales strategies, rather than trying to cut the price, just increase
    0:02:31 the value, psychology and human behavior.
    0:02:34 People like those who are like them.
    0:02:38 And of course, hot topics and cutting-edge technology like AI.
    0:02:44 If you’re not informed of AI today, it is a bit like a hurricane approaching your city
    0:02:49 or village and you’re sitting at a cafe saying, “I’m not interested.”
    0:02:53 Whether you’re side hustling, starting out, or scaling up, Young and Profiting will help
    0:02:58 you uncover the secrets of entrepreneurship, the real stories behind the scenes, and the
    0:03:03 insights and strategies you need to build your own success story.
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  • I Make $50M/year Buying & Running Boring Businesses

    AI transcript
    0:00:05 So that was the first Golden Goose, and then you said you started stacking geese like a rapper, you know, at the club.
    0:00:06 So what’s the second geese?
    0:00:08 I hope that becomes a term that we can use stacking geese.
    0:00:09 Yeah, stacking geese.
    0:00:10 We got to get some shirts, baby.
    0:00:11 Goose over merch, baby.
    0:00:12 Hey, merch guy.
    0:00:25 So Brent runs Permanent Equity.
    0:00:27 You started off as a founder.
    0:00:29 You started buying companies.
    0:00:32 And you then started raising money to buy companies.
    0:00:35 So you raised like something like 50 million bucks for your first fund.
    0:00:37 You started buying companies with that.
    0:00:41 Then a couple of years later, you raised about $250 million to buy more companies.
    0:00:49 And now you own, I don’t know, something like 16 companies that do over $350 million a year of revenue.
    0:00:56 And I believe what you said was $50 million of free cash flow out of the portfolio now, which is pretty incredible.
    0:00:57 So that’s who you are.
    0:00:58 That’s what you’re bringing to the table.
    0:01:00 And I think, Sam, what do we want to go with this?
    0:01:02 Because we could ask you about buying businesses.
    0:01:06 I have some questions around that, but I kind of want to start with something light before we go into like,
    0:01:09 “Hey, can you teach me how to be private equity, please?”
    0:01:11 Yeah, we can do the light stuff.
    0:01:17 You also, you’ve got the, we call it the all shucks, Warren Buffett attitude, where you’ve got a list of one-liners.
    0:01:19 You write amazing annual reports.
    0:01:20 You’re a great writer.
    0:01:23 So we have a bunch of one-liners that we want to ask you about as well.
    0:01:24 Sounds good.
    0:01:27 What, can you tell me what’s the, what do you buy and what are the biggest companies?
    0:01:29 Do you buy like pool companies and HVAC companies?
    0:01:34 Yeah, I mean, we typically, we’ve got everything from a children’s clothing brand to a military recruitment firm,
    0:01:37 to manufacturing, construction, business services.
    0:01:38 I mean, it’s really the 16 companies.
    0:01:42 It’s a, you know, it looks like the island of misfit toys.
    0:01:46 For us, they’re, they’re companies that we love the people who we get to work with.
    0:01:48 They’re in industries that we feel like are not going to be changing.
    0:01:51 And we can talk about how some of them maybe look like high change,
    0:01:55 especially like the children’s clothing would seem high change on the surface,
    0:01:57 but it’s actually not.
    0:02:00 And yeah, we try to partner with them for a long time.
    0:02:02 What’s the biggest one in terms of revenue and profit?
    0:02:04 Let’s see, our, in terms of revenue and profits,
    0:02:08 probably our fencing business out of Dallas, Texas is probably the largest.
    0:02:12 So we, we have a big market share in the, in the Dallas market.
    0:02:16 And yeah, it’s a, it’s a, it’s a pretty sizable business.
    0:02:21 Do you guys remember when marketing was fun?
    0:02:26 When you had the time to be creative and connect with your customers with HubSpot,
    0:02:28 marketing can be fun again.
    0:02:31 Turn one piece of content into everything you need.
    0:02:35 Know which prospects are ready to buy and see all your campaign results in one place.
    0:02:41 Plus it’s easy to use helping HubSpot customers double their leads in just 12 months,
    0:02:45 which means you have more time to, you know, enjoy marketing again.
    0:02:48 Visit HubSpot.com to get started for free.
    0:02:51 I was going to ask you a similar question.
    0:02:55 Like, you know, people are always like, you can’t pick a favorite kid.
    0:03:00 And as an investor, you can, you have this portfolio and like some are better than others.
    0:03:01 And that’s okay.
    0:03:05 It would be weird if all of your companies were equally successful investments.
    0:03:06 I wouldn’t believe you.
    0:03:09 And so what’s like the golden goose for you?
    0:03:12 So which one is like, like, I know in my portfolio, right?
    0:03:15 I have like, I have like a mini version of what you do where we have like four or five companies
    0:03:18 that we kind of have either bought or own a big stake in.
    0:03:24 And I could tell you, I’d be like, oh, this is like for us, like the somewhere.com business was like my golden goose.
    0:03:29 Partly because I got in on a great price, but also the business tripled since we bought it.
    0:03:32 And it’s just this business that just spits out cash flow.
    0:03:36 And it’s like the market keeps growing for this people need this.
    0:03:38 And so for us, that’s been the golden goose.
    0:03:41 It just keeps laying a golden egg every single month for us.
    0:03:43 What’s the golden goose in your portfolio?
    0:03:48 Oh, we’ve been fortunate to actually like we’ve kind of stacked golden geese on one another.
    0:03:49 That is how I would describe it.
    0:03:56 So the very first business I bought is called Media Cross is a military recruitment firm bought that in very early 2010.
    0:03:57 Explain in layman’s terms.
    0:03:59 What does that even mean military recruitment firm?
    0:04:00 What’s happening?
    0:04:00 Yeah.
    0:04:04 So we at the time worked with two branches of the military.
    0:04:06 Now we work primarily with one.
    0:04:07 We had two contracts.
    0:04:15 One was to recruit civilian mariners into a division of the Navy called military seal of command that resupplies the ships that never came into port.
    0:04:20 So it’s about 1400 to 1800 civilian mariners a year or recruited into that division.
    0:04:21 That’s our responsibility.
    0:04:27 So we do all of the marketing and recruitment efforts and then the processing to bring them into that branch of the military.
    0:04:30 Does that mean like you’re out you’re out on the street with people?
    0:04:33 Or does that mean you’re running ads and you own like a lead gen website?
    0:04:34 All of that stuff.
    0:04:36 Yeah, but we’re doing we’re doing lead gen.
    0:04:38 We have a whole processing center.
    0:04:40 We’re actually doing qualifications for these people.
    0:04:43 So it’s a complete soup to nuts operation.
    0:04:48 And the government just pays you per recruit or how does that work?
    0:04:54 Yeah, we’re on a fixed contract that escalates every year based on the staffing and needs of the business.
    0:05:01 So we it’s basically a staffed contract and then we have sort of a built-in profit margin that’s on top of that.
    0:05:04 What do you get per recruit or per referral for one of these things?
    0:05:07 Oh, gosh, I don’t even know because we’re not we’re not based on that, right?
    0:05:13 So we’ve done this for the contract is we’ve had it as a business for 30 years now.
    0:05:14 It’s been forever.
    0:05:18 And I mean, we’re so deeply embedded into what they do.
    0:05:19 We know exactly what it takes.
    0:05:23 We I mean, we are the outsourced function of that piece of the military.
    0:05:25 And why is that business great?
    0:05:27 Is it because you got this cash flow, but you have this contract.
    0:05:31 You have the certainty and defensibility with that.
    0:05:32 Is that what’s great about that?
    0:05:33 Yeah, yeah.
    0:05:38 I mean, so like for the most part, we know what our profitability is going to be in three years from now, right?
    0:05:41 And so once you get that business optimized and you get great people in place
    0:05:46 and the leader of that business we’ve had, I mean, she’s been with the business since the very beginning.
    0:05:48 So we’re 15 years into the relationship.
    0:05:50 She’s doing a great job and it just it clicks.
    0:05:55 So that was that was I would call the original Golden Goose that allowed me to pay back the SBA.
    0:05:58 I’ve heard you say you accidentally bought your first business.
    0:06:00 Is that what you meant when you say you actually what does that even mean?
    0:06:01 How do you accidentally buy a business?
    0:06:05 Yeah, I got a call from a guy and he was like, hey, I want to introduce you to this guy.
    0:06:07 He’s it’s your he’s in your industry.
    0:06:14 You know, he said marketing marketing because I’d launched a call it an ad agency for all intents and purposes before then.
    0:06:15 And he was like, hey, he’s in your industry.
    0:06:17 She gets to know him and I said, OK, great.
    0:06:22 And he’s like, oh, by the way, the guys he’s got left at the altar for the second time trying to sell his business recently.
    0:06:25 And I was like, oh, OK, I guess I could take a run at it.
    0:06:26 I had no idea what I was doing.
    0:06:30 I was 24 at the time.
    0:06:31 No idea what I was doing.
    0:06:36 And I sat in front of this guy and and you know, we talked about it and we negotiated and he said,
    0:06:38 I would never sell it to you for the price you asked for.
    0:06:39 And I was like, that’s fine. No problem.
    0:06:41 And I didn’t talk to him for seven months.
    0:06:45 And then seven months later, he called me up out of the blue and said, just renewed our largest account.
    0:06:47 Business is in great shape.
    0:06:48 I’m exhausted.
    0:06:49 I’ll give it to you for the price you asked for.
    0:06:52 But you got to close all cash 60 days from now.
    0:06:57 And it was one of those where you kind of like you make the sale on the go down the elevator and you say, oh, shit.
    0:06:58 It was it was like that, right?
    0:07:01 And I remember getting off the phone and I was like, oh, crap.
    0:07:03 Like I just obligated myself to go buy like buy a business.
    0:07:05 I have no idea what I’m doing.
    0:07:07 Did you know anything about digital marketing?
    0:07:07 Oh, yeah.
    0:07:10 I mean, we had we had we did digital marketing work back then.
    0:07:11 You have a marketing agency.
    0:07:14 You stumble into this business.
    0:07:17 You’re like, maybe somebody tells you there’s a chance to buy it.
    0:07:18 You’re like, all right, I could try.
    0:07:20 He says no to the first price.
    0:07:21 He comes back.
    0:07:22 You’re not even following up.
    0:07:25 He comes back and says, hey, still interested, but you don’t have a lot of money.
    0:07:26 You’re 24 years old.
    0:07:29 So you go to the SBA and you get an SBA loan for this thing.
    0:07:30 Yeah, correct.
    0:07:33 Yeah, I asked my newly married wife to sign a personal guarantee and she was like, what’s that?
    0:07:34 And I was like, God, don’t worry about it.
    0:07:35 A big deal.
    0:07:36 You’re like, good news and bad news.
    0:07:39 Good news, no prenup, but you do have to sign this other thing.
    0:07:40 Yeah, exactly.
    0:07:42 She was like, what happens if this doesn’t go well?
    0:07:43 I was like, it’s probably not going to be great.
    0:07:45 Um, so yeah.
    0:07:47 So somebody’s never done an SBA loan.
    0:07:48 What can you explain?
    0:07:50 Just like you put down X, you get Y.
    0:07:52 What’s how it all works.
    0:07:52 Yeah.
    0:07:55 Back then, um, so the requirements have changed a little bit.
    0:07:57 I think it’s like five or 10 percent you have to put down now.
    0:08:00 And I think you can actually qualify with seller financing.
    0:08:01 I’m not an expert anymore on the SBA.
    0:08:06 I’ve only done the SBA one time and that was literally 15 years ago back then.
    0:08:09 What I did was I count, uh, leveraged the accounts receivable from the existing
    0:08:13 business as the down payment and then got the rest of the debt through the SBA.
    0:08:16 And so, I mean, I put very little cash into the deal.
    0:08:18 So you put basically zero down.
    0:08:24 I mean, it was a, it was a lot of my, my money, but it was just tied up in other assets.
    0:08:28 But yes, I mean, in terms of actual cash that was coming out of my pocket was not a lot.
    0:08:29 I didn’t have a lot of cash.
    0:08:34 Um, and so, um, yeah, I ended up asking my buddy at the SBA.
    0:08:35 It was, it was part of an SBA lender.
    0:08:38 I said, Hey, do you guys do like expedited SBA loans?
    0:08:40 And he was like, not really, uh, we don’t do that.
    0:08:42 And I was like, well, I need it in 60 days.
    0:08:43 And he was like, that’s really not possible.
    0:08:45 And I was like, can we make it possible?
    0:08:46 Like let’s try.
    0:08:49 How much, how much are you talking that you had to borrow?
    0:08:50 It was a million bucks.
    0:08:51 Yeah.
    0:08:51 It was a million dollars.
    0:08:57 And was this like your C’s candy, like Buffett bought C’s candy and it’s returned like
    0:09:01 a billion dollars in free cash flow or more than that to the, to the headquarters over
    0:09:03 the last whatever 50 years or whatever it’s been.
    0:09:05 It’s, it’s, it’s like a 20 Xer.
    0:09:06 Yeah.
    0:09:07 So that’s amazing.
    0:09:09 So that was the first golden goose.
    0:09:13 And then you said you started stacking geese like a rapper, you know, at the club.
    0:09:14 So what’s the second geese?
    0:09:16 I hope that becomes a term that we can use.
    0:09:16 Yeah.
    0:09:17 Stack and geese.
    0:09:19 We got to get some shirts.
    0:09:24 Hey, merch guy, you know, like Rogan has like Jamie.
    0:09:27 I kind of have this like fictional studio in the room.
    0:09:28 I’m like, pull that up.
    0:09:30 Hey, much guy, get on that.
    0:09:30 Like there’s nobody here.
    0:09:31 Merge guy, yeah, yeah.
    0:09:32 Merge guy.
    0:09:35 Um, yeah, I mean, I knew, I knew so little back then.
    0:09:38 I remember my lawyer said, okay, we got to start due diligence.
    0:09:40 And I literally typed into Google D O diligence.
    0:09:42 Like due to like, I had no idea what it was.
    0:09:45 Um, and I was, I was like reading about it as he was talking to me.
    0:09:46 I was like, Oh yeah, we just asked questions.
    0:09:47 Like how hard can that be?
    0:09:51 Um, so anyway, uh, it was quite the adventure.
    0:09:53 That’s amazing.
    0:09:57 Yeah, another, another anecdote on that deal was a week before closing.
    0:10:02 I said, okay, so I take all of my money and I give it to you.
    0:10:03 You take all the money out of the business.
    0:10:04 Like how do I make payroll?
    0:10:08 And the guy was like, well, you obviously got a line of credit on the
    0:10:08 business, right?
    0:10:11 And I was like, no, I didn’t, I didn’t do that.
    0:10:14 And he was like, well, the business is going to go under immediately.
    0:10:16 And I was like, yeah, that’s not good.
    0:10:17 What do we do?
    0:10:20 And he was like, well, you got to figure this out because you’re getting
    0:10:21 ready to close on the business.
    0:10:23 And I was like, can I get a loan from you?
    0:10:28 So he actually lent me money to, as a line of credit to keep the business operating.
    0:10:30 Cause I didn’t even, I didn’t even think about it.
    0:10:32 I didn’t think about like, Oh, well, he’s going to take all the money and
    0:10:34 there’s not going to be any cash to operate the business.
    0:10:38 I was, um, I was with this guy this weekend and he was like, Hey, should
    0:10:39 I start my own business?
    0:10:40 You know, I’m 28.
    0:10:42 I don’t think I have enough experience though.
    0:10:45 And I was like, yeah, I’m pretty sure like a lack of experience isn’t like,
    0:10:47 hasn’t stopped a lot of people.
    0:10:50 Uh, you can kind of be like a kind of a dummy and get into it.
    0:10:53 And you’ll probably learn in like six months and you are a good example of
    0:10:53 that.
    0:10:55 You don’t really need to know much.
    0:10:56 Huge dummy.
    0:10:57 Exactly what I think about myself.
    0:11:02 And like the lean manufacturing part, uh, like kind of philosophy, they
    0:11:04 have this idea of like just in time, right?
    0:11:07 You, you, you do things just in time versus doing everything ahead of time.
    0:11:10 And so just in time learning is basically what you did.
    0:11:12 It’s like, Oh, when I need to close, then I figure out what due diligence is.
    0:11:16 Then when I need to take over the business, I learned what working capital is.
    0:11:19 And you just, you learned each of the core concepts as you needed them,
    0:11:22 which is actually the real way that people learn rather than I’m going to
    0:11:23 learn everything up front.
    0:11:26 Then I’m, then I’m fully prepared to now to go do this.
    0:11:29 And like in reality, that’s not how, how life works.
    0:11:29 Yeah.
    0:11:31 And sometimes it doesn’t work out.
    0:11:34 And I, you know, I joke that I’m a force come private equity for a reason.
    0:11:34 So.
    0:11:35 What else do you own?
    0:11:36 That’s awesome.
    0:11:37 Yeah.
    0:11:40 So the next business we bought, uh, was a, as a pool business out in Arizona.
    0:11:44 Um, and that was, uh, just with, uh, again, started occurring cash and, um,
    0:11:46 started building that up and, and bought that business.
    0:11:49 And again, that one turned out to be, uh, uh, great investment as well.
    0:11:53 You say, you say that nonchalantly like, Oh, a pool business, but it’s also like,
    0:11:54 dude, that would be really random.
    0:11:55 I don’t think about pool businesses.
    0:11:57 Nobody shows me a pool business.
    0:11:57 So what were you doing?
    0:11:59 You’re talking to brokers.
    0:12:00 Where does that deal come from?
    0:12:02 Like for you at that time.
    0:12:03 Yeah.
    0:12:04 So it was about, so let’s see.
    0:12:08 So I had no idea I was doing after I bought the business, the meaty cross in 2010.
    0:12:09 I was like, Oh, that worked.
    0:12:12 Uh, I should do more of what works and less of what doesn’t at the time.
    0:12:15 There wasn’t a lot of writing on the internet about this.
    0:12:18 Um, so I mean, there was a little bit of, uh, stuff out of the Harvard,
    0:12:21 a little bit out of Stanford around search funds, but there was very little
    0:12:22 activity online.
    0:12:24 And so, uh, I was like, well, I just need to ask ground was like,
    0:12:26 are there other people doing this?
    0:12:29 I didn’t even literally know that there was a thing called private equity.
    0:12:30 That’s how little I knew.
    0:12:33 I mean, I started, somebody was like, Oh, you did a private equity deal.
    0:12:34 And I literally Googled private equity.
    0:12:37 And I was like, turns out there’s a whole industry of people to do this.
    0:12:38 Like, why would they not do it?
    0:12:40 Like in smaller companies.
    0:12:42 And, uh, that was my foray into it.
    0:12:46 And so at that point we said, okay, well, if we’re going to go find other
    0:12:47 businesses, I mean, how hard can it be?
    0:12:48 This one just came to us.
    0:12:51 There must be just tons of businesses out there just floating around ready
    0:12:53 to be, uh, ready to be bought.
    0:12:56 And so we started reaching out to people and developed deal pipeline.
    0:12:59 And one of the deals that took us so that, that pool deal we first
    0:13:02 saw in 2012, I want to say.
    0:13:05 Um, and it took us about three years to get the deal done.
    0:13:09 And, um, it was just hanging around the hoop and they actually went
    0:13:13 with two other buyers before us and ultimately had a good relationship with
    0:13:17 them and so the time between deal one and deal two was three years.
    0:13:19 It was, uh, five years.
    0:13:22 Sean, isn’t it crazy how long things take?
    0:13:24 Like Brent’s like a Brent’s a big shot right now.
    0:13:26 Like, you know, people know you and you like, you’re talking
    0:13:28 about hundreds of millions in revenue.
    0:13:31 But you started this in like 16 years ago.
    0:13:35 Like that’s a, I mean, it’s a huge success and everything, but it like
    0:13:39 really goes to show you that like you have to grind for, or at least
    0:13:41 be consistent for a decade plus.
    0:13:42 Oh, absolutely.
    0:13:45 No, I mean, I, I say to people all the time, like if I had been given
    0:13:49 $50 million to invest in like 2010, I like, I would have lost all the money.
    0:13:53 Like it just took so long to build up, like to make a bunch of mistakes,
    0:13:56 make a bunch of mistakes that were low stakes, felt like high stakes
    0:13:59 at the time that were low stakes, uh, in order to be able to, to, to warrant
    0:14:00 having more resources.
    0:14:02 And so yeah.
    0:14:05 So at some point, somebody did give you $50 million.
    0:14:07 How’d you get somebody to give you $50 million to go by companies?
    0:14:08 Cause I’d like that.
    0:14:09 Yeah.
    0:14:11 Uh, well, so, uh, funny story.
    0:14:16 I met this guy named Patrick on the internet and, uh, literally he put out a
    0:14:17 tweet, Patrick or Shaughnessy put out a tweet.
    0:14:20 And this is when he was like an analyst at, at his dad’s firm.
    0:14:22 And he put out a tweet about capital allocation.
    0:14:23 I responded.
    0:14:25 I was like, yeah, I can hop on the phone and talk about capital allocation.
    0:14:27 I didn’t really understand when he was even asking.
    0:14:30 He was asking about public markets, like capital allocators
    0:14:32 and public markets, but I, I didn’t know much.
    0:14:34 And so I just reached out and said, yeah, sure.
    0:14:34 Let’s talk.
    0:14:36 We get on the phone and he’s like, so what do you do?
    0:14:38 And I was like, Oh, I buy these, these small businesses.
    0:14:39 He’s like, well, how much do you pay?
    0:14:42 And I was like, I don’t know, like between three and five times.
    0:14:43 And he was like, what?
    0:14:46 Like, are these businesses going out of business?
    0:14:49 Like, are these, are these going under or these distressed?
    0:14:50 I was like, no, these are healthy businesses.
    0:14:51 And he’s like, I’ve never heard of this.
    0:14:52 What is this?
    0:14:54 And so we talked like two or three more times.
    0:14:57 And then he said, well, can I come visit you in Columbia?
    0:14:58 And I said, sure.
    0:15:00 So he flew to Missouri and we spent a day together at the end of it.
    0:15:03 He said, like, I want my family to invest in what you’re doing.
    0:15:04 Like, I believe in what you’re doing.
    0:15:07 And I said, sorry, like, we don’t take outside capital.
    0:15:10 Like, I’m not going to do a two and 20, 10 year fun life.
    0:15:14 Looked at that, don’t want to do a holdco and value the current assets and,
    0:15:17 you know, get saddled with a bunch of partners that don’t know who they are.
    0:15:18 Like life’s good.
    0:15:22 Like we’re making a bunch of money and compounding and like everything’s fine.
    0:15:24 And he asked me the question.
    0:15:28 No one else had asked me because we flirted with some family offices to that point.
    0:15:32 And and he said, well, what would it take for you to take our capital?
    0:15:35 And I said, well, I don’t know.
    0:15:37 And he said, well, why don’t you figure that out and get back to me?
    0:15:38 And I’ll tell you if we can do it or not.
    0:15:42 And so I whiteboarded out our current structure, which is like kind of
    0:15:43 the opposite of traditional private equity.
    0:15:46 So we take no fees of any kind, no reimbursements of any kind.
    0:15:51 There’s no cash that comes from the portfolio companies or from the LPs to the GP.
    0:15:55 Outside of we take a percentage of free cash flow above a hurdle as we return cash back.
    0:15:58 You got to redo that last 20 seconds.
    0:15:59 Can you dumb that down a little bit?
    0:16:01 I got you, Sam.
    0:16:05 He’s the guy working in Cinnabon that doesn’t touch any of the Cinnabons.
    0:16:08 So he’s in an industry where everybody’s like feeing up everywhere.
    0:16:11 They’re just getting high on the sugar and he’s like, I’m good.
    0:16:12 I don’t need that.
    0:16:18 Can we only do Cinnabon references or analogies because that was much easier.
    0:16:20 They’re talking about hurdles and sprinting and whatever.
    0:16:25 Yeah.
    0:16:26 Well, so okay.
    0:16:33 So traditional private equity, you raise a fund and you get 2% of the amount every year and 20.
    0:16:35 Every year, by the way, you get 2%.
    0:16:38 So which is actually like getting 20% of the total.
    0:16:39 Correct.
    0:16:40 Every year for 10 years.
    0:16:41 Which is kind of insane, right?
    0:16:42 It’s insane.
    0:16:47 I mean, people in private equity get paid well because it’s hard to do and not many people can do it.
    0:16:48 And it’s a rare skill set.
    0:16:53 And yeah, I mean, it seemed high to me when I first looked at it, but I was like, okay.
    0:16:54 Well, that’s the market for it.
    0:16:55 So whatever.
    0:16:59 And I said, I don’t need the fees because I’m already paying for the team and the overhead and everything.
    0:17:01 And so I don’t need the cash flow from the fees.
    0:17:03 Just I want it to be entrepreneurial.
    0:17:06 If we make money, like we want to share in that making it together.
    0:17:11 And so that’s our model and we don’t use debt and we hold it for a very long time.
    0:17:13 So we have a 30 year initial term on our capital.
    0:17:22 Typically a private equity firm will have 10 years and most private equity firms, you know, use a lot of leverage, put a lot of debt on the businesses at closing.
    0:17:23 We typically use no debt.
    0:17:27 And so we’re kind of in some ways the opposite of traditional private equity.
    0:17:29 And yeah.
    0:17:32 So I went back to him and I said, Hey, this is the structure that I think would work that we would take capital.
    0:17:35 And he and Jim, his father said, okay.
    0:17:36 Wait.
    0:17:36 So I think I missed it.
    0:17:38 What, what did you do as the carry then?
    0:17:43 So you said, okay, no, no, no on the 2% fees, but what did you do for the profit share?
    0:17:44 Yeah.
    0:17:50 So we get 40% of the, of the free cash flow of businesses as we return it back to the investors.
    0:17:53 So you don’t, you don’t have to return all the money upfront first.
    0:17:55 You just start participating from day one with 40%.
    0:17:56 Correct.
    0:17:57 Correct.
    0:17:58 But it’s only on what we returned back.
    0:17:59 Only on what you returned back.
    0:18:00 Okay.
    0:18:00 Great.
    0:18:02 And then you said you use no debt.
    0:18:04 Correct.
    0:18:04 Yep.
    0:18:05 So these are completely unlevered.
    0:18:09 They’re buying all cash, all cash deals using equity from day one.
    0:18:10 Why don’t you use like a little bit of debt?
    0:18:13 Probably like a little bit of debt.
    0:18:13 Yeah.
    0:18:16 Just, just, just a little bit of debt.
    0:18:16 It’s not a big budge.
    0:18:19 Just, just a little icing on top of the Cinnabon.
    0:18:19 Yeah, exactly.
    0:18:20 Just this one time.
    0:18:24 You don’t even do seller notes like nothing.
    0:18:26 We will occasionally do some seller notes.
    0:18:31 Although we found that having the people that you work with be your creditors is not an
    0:18:33 ideal situation often.
    0:18:35 So we’ve really shied away from that as well.
    0:18:36 Yeah.
    0:18:40 No, we typically just close all equity and try to keep things just super simple.
    0:18:44 I mean, we think that, that, that transitioning small businesses is a difficult and it’s
    0:18:45 pretty stressful on everyone.
    0:18:49 We can always lever them up after, you know, after we close, although we haven’t really
    0:18:49 done that.
    0:18:52 And it’s that strictly like a lifestyle choice.
    0:18:55 You’re just saying that just helps you sleep better at night.
    0:18:55 Yeah.
    0:18:59 Is it a financial decision or a peace of mind decision to not use debt?
    0:19:00 I think it’s both.
    0:19:05 What I would argue is that the optionality that we have in doing some pretty interesting
    0:19:09 things with these businesses to grow them is much better when you don’t have debt,
    0:19:12 when you’re not paying all the cash to, to a bank.
    0:19:13 I’ll give you an example.
    0:19:17 So we bought an aerospace business in 2019 called Pac Air.
    0:19:20 And I don’t know if you guys know this, but the aerospace business never goes down.
    0:19:23 It always just goes up in the history of the industry.
    0:19:24 Never really has a problem.
    0:19:29 And I remember when we were closing that deal, one of the advisors to the seller
    0:19:30 said, are you guys idiots?
    0:19:33 Like this business does never go down.
    0:19:34 Why wouldn’t you guys lever the thing up with debt?
    0:19:36 And we said, Hey, here’s our philosophy and all the stuff.
    0:19:40 Well, it’s not like we actually knew what was coming down the pipe, but 2020 hits and
    0:19:44 we were literally the only business out there without debt on it, like literally.
    0:19:47 And so we were able to take all the cash flow that we were generating because we were
    0:19:51 still generating cash flow, even though the business was down a lot, and we were able
    0:19:53 to go out and basically make 10 years of progress in two years.
    0:19:58 And that business now is seven-ish times the size is when we bought it.
    0:20:02 And everyone else that had debt is, you know, maybe grown a tiny bit out of
    0:20:04 from 2019, but not much.
    0:20:06 And so it’s really been a transformative experience.
    0:20:08 We’ve had that happen over and over again in these businesses.
    0:20:11 Like we never know what the future is going to hold, but we know that there’s going
    0:20:14 to be options to invest in really interesting things.
    0:20:16 If the cash flow is all going to the bank, you don’t have that option.
    0:20:18 Right, right.
    0:20:20 I’m going to still use a little bit of debt, but I think that’s good.
    0:20:22 Can I ask one question?
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    0:20:34 I walk away being like, that guy’s the man.
    0:20:36 Like that person’s a master of what they do.
    0:20:37 They’re kind of a master of the universe.
    0:20:38 This is great.
    0:20:40 And it’s so easy.
    0:20:44 And it’s so easy, but I and forget the easy part for a second.
    0:20:46 I’m just like, wow, that really works.
    0:20:47 And it makes sense what they said.
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    0:21:36 All right.
    0:21:37 Back to the episode.
    0:21:41 And then if you look at people over like a 20 year period or
    0:21:43 you know, like a longer period, 10 to 20 years.
    0:21:47 There’s this base question which is like, if you just put money
    0:21:49 in the S&P, you get some rate of return, right?
    0:21:53 So like Sam loves to put money into the index and he’s like,
    0:21:54 cool.
    0:21:57 I like that because I do no work and I’m going to get, Sam,
    0:21:57 what do you want to get?
    0:21:58 Eight, nine percent, something like that.
    0:22:00 I would be very happy with eight percent per year.
    0:22:01 Okay.
    0:22:02 So eight percent a year.
    0:22:04 And so to be smart and do a bunch of work, you got to beat
    0:22:05 that.
    0:22:08 And so we’ve had people come on this podcast that when they
    0:22:10 talk, they sound absolutely brilliant.
    0:22:13 And then later you look at their returns and it’s like,
    0:22:16 oh, they kind of don’t beat the index actually.
    0:22:19 And I don’t even think that’s really like a knock on them
    0:22:21 or I don’t even view that as like, they’re not like a
    0:22:22 Charleston.
    0:22:24 I just think it’s really hard to beat the index actually.
    0:22:27 So what do you try to do in terms of like your rate of
    0:22:30 return and what, what’s your score?
    0:22:33 So if the S&P is doing nine percent of your compounding,
    0:22:35 what are you doing out of, out of permanent equity?
    0:22:36 Yeah.
    0:22:39 Well, so I’m under all kinds of SEC regulations.
    0:22:42 So I can’t actually talk a ton and I would love to talk
    0:22:44 about that, but I can tell you what’s been put in the
    0:22:45 letters or annual letters.
    0:22:47 What are you not, what are you not allowed to say?
    0:22:49 I can’t say anything that would be future looking.
    0:22:51 I can’t say anything that would be inducing investment.
    0:22:53 I can’t say anything that, that would be considered
    0:22:57 marketing because we’re like top level registered SEC,
    0:22:59 FINRA, all the stuff.
    0:23:00 And what if we bleep it out?
    0:23:01 What if you tell us and then we bleep it out?
    0:23:02 So it’s not, it’s not on air.
    0:23:03 Just tell me what to stop.
    0:23:05 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
    0:23:08 So, so what I can, yeah, here’s what I would say.
    0:23:12 So we, we target the minimum underwriting that we have is
    0:23:16 we target a minimum of a 30% IRR is, is minimum we
    0:23:18 underwrite to, and we’ve historically been pretty
    0:23:19 significantly above that.
    0:23:20 Okay.
    0:23:23 Um, but, um, you know, we really think about term things
    0:23:24 in terms of cash, right?
    0:23:27 So I think it was last year that we talked about, uh, you
    0:23:31 know, our total cash out IRR is in the low twenties and
    0:23:32 that’s without any marks.
    0:23:33 That’s without anything.
    0:23:35 So you, you know, you stack marks in the growing, obviously
    0:23:37 cash flows on top of that and the numbers get pretty
    0:23:40 ridiculous marks being, uh, the valuation, the valuations
    0:23:41 of the business.
    0:23:41 Yeah, that’s correct.
    0:23:43 And so, I mean, if you, if you underwrite, I mean, if you
    0:23:46 think about it, like kind of the bottom line, if you’re
    0:23:47 buying a business with no debt, right?
    0:23:49 So take the debt side off of it.
    0:23:51 You just buying the business for all cash and you know,
    0:23:55 let’s say on average, we’re paying between five and seven
    0:23:57 times for a business kind of in that range.
    0:24:01 And let’s say that the business is organically growing 7,
    0:24:05 10% per year and we’re increasing that to, uh, start
    0:24:08 to call it mid teens a year, maybe low twenties.
    0:24:12 Um, the math gets pretty amazing pretty fast and that’s
    0:24:13 without using any debt.
    0:24:15 And so I think that’s where it’s obvious from the outside
    0:24:16 looking in.
    0:24:17 There’s gold in the hills, right?
    0:24:20 If you look at small businesses acquisitions, I mean,
    0:24:21 this is not a secret anymore.
    0:24:24 I think when I first started talking about it in 15, 16,
    0:24:25 right?
    0:24:27 I remember going on Patrick’s podcast when it was brand
    0:24:28 new, I remember Patrick being like, oh, hey, I’m thinking
    0:24:29 about starting a podcast.
    0:24:30 I was like, yeah, sure.
    0:24:31 I’ll help a friend out.
    0:24:33 Had no idea was going to turn into what it is, right?
    0:24:35 Uh, but I remember going on there and people were like,
    0:24:37 shocked, you know, at like what you could buy these
    0:24:38 businesses for.
    0:24:39 And people say, oh, well, that’s not fair.
    0:24:42 It’s an inefficient market is, is inefficient, but it’s
    0:24:45 inefficient for different reasons why people think it’s
    0:24:47 inefficient, not because people are getting taken advantage
    0:24:47 of.
    0:24:50 It’s inefficient because it’s absolutely freaking brutally
    0:24:52 difficult and it’s so easy to lose a bunch of money.
    0:24:56 Like I had a guy reach out last week and say, Hey, I want
    0:24:56 to be honest.
    0:24:57 I’m looking for a job.
    0:24:58 My wife and I went all in.
    0:25:01 He was working at a big private equity firm based out of LA
    0:25:02 as an operating partner.
    0:25:05 He and his wife went all in on a business and it failed.
    0:25:07 And now they’re bankrupt.
    0:25:11 What attributes make you and others like you successful
    0:25:13 versus this other guy, not successful?
    0:25:17 Yeah, I mean, I think the, the, in the beginning, if the
    0:25:21 first deal I had done gone south, um, and there’s plenty
    0:25:22 of opportunities for it to go south.
    0:25:25 And so I would say a lot of our success is, is attributable
    0:25:26 to luck in the beginning.
    0:25:28 And I mean, look, if you listen to any investor, if they
    0:25:31 tell you that the early stuff they did wasn’t lucky, they’re
    0:25:32 lying to you.
    0:25:35 Um, I mean, I remember, uh, getting a chat with a Buffett
    0:25:38 about this and I said, Hey, tell me about sand board maps
    0:25:39 and Dempster Mill.
    0:25:40 And he was like, Oh my gosh.
    0:25:43 Like he’s like, if either of those investments go wrong,
    0:25:44 there is no Warren Buffett.
    0:25:46 No one knows about Berkshire Hathaway.
    0:25:47 None of that stuff happens.
    0:25:47 Right.
    0:25:48 And they were that close.
    0:25:51 Like that’s how he met when he met Munger.
    0:25:53 He asked Munger, Hey, do you know anybody who could help
    0:25:56 help basically turn around Dempster Mill because it’s, it’s
    0:25:57 flailing.
    0:25:59 And if that goes under, like my future’s done.
    0:26:01 Wait, can you, can you, I don’t know the story.
    0:26:03 Can you tell the story in more detail?
    0:26:06 So Warren Buffett almost failed at the beginning of his
    0:26:07 career.
    0:26:07 What, what was it?
    0:26:08 Can you tell the story?
    0:26:08 Oh yeah.
    0:26:12 So he had 70% of his assets into these two investments.
    0:26:14 One was called sand board maps and the other was called
    0:26:15 Dempster Mill.
    0:26:17 Um, and this is early days of the Buffett partnership.
    0:26:19 So this is pre Berkshire Hathaway.
    0:26:20 What do those two companies do?
    0:26:23 So sand board maps was a, was a mapping company.
    0:26:27 Um, they basically had, uh, at the time, the thing about
    0:26:30 this intellectual property for, for maps, right?
    0:26:32 If you needed to go build something or if you needed to
    0:26:35 navigate something, they had all the best mapping technology.
    0:26:40 Um, and so, um, that business was a publicly traded business
    0:26:43 and, uh, I think he was a minority shareholder in it,
    0:26:44 but he was basically the controlling shareholder.
    0:26:48 That one, um, I think turned around independent of him
    0:26:51 installing new leadership, but Dempster Mill was a completely
    0:26:51 different story.
    0:26:53 He, he bought into that to control of it.
    0:26:56 Um, and the business was just flailing.
    0:26:58 So Dempster Mill, I can’t remember exactly.
    0:27:02 I think they were building constructing, um, mills, uh, of
    0:27:04 some sort, uh, hence the name Dempster Mill.
    0:27:07 And, um, it was basically the biggest headache and he was
    0:27:09 staring down the barrel like I did.
    0:27:11 And I mean, I can talk about the early days, like we almost
    0:27:12 failed like five different times.
    0:27:13 So, sorry.
    0:27:17 So he, he had 70% of his assets in these two companies, but
    0:27:19 those were public companies where he’s just a passive investor
    0:27:22 or he was like owned to the majority of those companies where
    0:27:23 he could make a change in them.
    0:27:24 Yeah.
    0:27:26 So I think that he had, he may not have had a controlling
    0:27:30 stake in, in, in Sanborn, but I know he had enough shares
    0:27:32 where he could basically throw his weight around in that one.
    0:27:34 Um, I think Dempster Mill, I think he actually did buy a
    0:27:36 majority of it and have control of it.
    0:27:38 And so those companies, they’re not doing well.
    0:27:40 And you said he goes to Munger and asks him something.
    0:27:41 Yes.
    0:27:43 We just met this guy, Charlie Munger, uh, who had been back
    0:27:46 into town in Omaha and he had kind of gotten a matchmaking
    0:27:48 by a mutual friend who said, Hey, you guys are the two
    0:27:49 nerdy dudes.
    0:27:50 We know you should know each other.
    0:27:53 It was like bromance, like love at first sight.
    0:27:55 Uh, they get to know one another.
    0:27:56 And I think it was actually Charlie who said, Hey, well,
    0:27:58 like Warren, what’s your biggest problem you’re facing?
    0:28:01 And he said, well, I’ve got these two, you know, problem
    0:28:03 children, especially Dempster, you know, Dempster Mill.
    0:28:06 And, uh, do you know anybody?
    0:28:08 And, uh, Munger said, actually, I do know this guy.
    0:28:12 His name’s Harry Bottle and he’s an accountant out here in LA.
    0:28:13 We should go talk to him.
    0:28:16 And so they took Harry Bottle lunch and pitched him on moving
    0:28:20 his family to the middle of nowhere Midwest and, uh, running
    0:28:24 Dempster Mill, Harry Bottle, uh, reluctantly agreed, turns it
    0:28:27 around, makes Dempster Mill, uh, uh, uh, you know, a fortunate
    0:28:29 surprise on the upside.
    0:28:32 And, um, you know, again, he starts stacking geese.
    0:28:37 As we talked about, so, um, everyone in the beginning.
    0:28:41 I mean, look, you, you don’t, you don’t get to be successful
    0:28:42 by not taking risks.
    0:28:43 Like all investing is taking risk.
    0:28:46 And so the question is just how much risk are you willing to
    0:28:47 take?
    0:28:49 And when you’re younger and you don’t have much, I mean, the
    0:28:51 only way to get ahead is by taking more risk.
    0:28:54 When you are doing all this research, are you an expert in
    0:28:57 the pool business or are you just an expert in looking at
    0:28:57 financial statements?
    0:29:01 Are you an expert in understanding how leadership thinks and
    0:29:02 how to find winners?
    0:29:04 What are you great at?
    0:29:07 I think I’m pretty good at seeing the big picture.
    0:29:09 So taking all those pieces, like I’m not the best financial
    0:29:10 analyst.
    0:29:12 Uh, the joke is I can barely open up Excel.
    0:29:13 Like I’m not an Excel guy.
    0:29:15 I’ve never had the skill set and never learned.
    0:29:16 I never worked at another, uh, firm.
    0:29:19 Like I never took a finance class in my life.
    0:29:21 So I don’t have a lot of the, what I would call like hard
    0:29:24 skills that you learn as being an associate or an analyst at
    0:29:24 a firm.
    0:29:28 Um, you know, I think that I’m pretty decent at putting the
    0:29:30 puzzle pieces together and then negotiation.
    0:29:33 I, you know, I think, you know, and going back to Buffett,
    0:29:35 he talks about, I’m a better investor because of an operator.
    0:29:36 I’m a better operator because I’m an investor.
    0:29:37 That’s true.
    0:29:40 And I think operating and investing are two sides of it,
    0:29:42 but I think there’s a third leg that’s not talked about a
    0:29:44 lot, which is the dealmaking side.
    0:29:48 Um, and I think that dealmaking side, especially as you get
    0:29:51 into more inefficient markets becomes really the dominant
    0:29:51 skill set.
    0:29:54 So understanding how to put the puzzle pieces together and
    0:29:58 like in that pool business, um, I saw a business that had a
    0:29:59 clear track record of growth.
    0:30:01 Uh, they were in a durable business.
    0:30:03 I mean, you know, we, we kind of joke that, you know, until
    0:30:06 people stop dipping their bodies in water for pleasure will
    0:30:06 be fine.
    0:30:08 It’s been happening for a couple of thousand years.
    0:30:09 I think it’ll keep going.
    0:30:12 Like we try to have these like very simple feces for everything.
    0:30:15 And so if you look at somebody already has a dominant market
    0:30:17 share in a market, they’ve had it for a long time.
    0:30:17 The business is growing.
    0:30:18 The market’s growing.
    0:30:21 Um, you know, you look at the business model of it and you
    0:30:24 say, okay, look, we’re an asset light business.
    0:30:26 Um, they’re not investing in a ton of equipment.
    0:30:29 It’s a very simple business model.
    0:30:32 It’s fine customers that want pools, uh, do it better than
    0:30:35 they could do it themselves and, and, and, and take a rip on
    0:30:36 that on the upside.
    0:30:39 You know, you start looking at, okay, who is the leadership
    0:30:40 and how do you structure a deal and how do you make sure
    0:30:42 everyone’s interests are aligned?
    0:30:44 Um, how do you continue to find talent to build the business?
    0:30:47 I mean, those are all, I, I say this, this is how to make
    0:30:47 it sound simple.
    0:30:48 It’s not simple.
    0:30:49 It’s very difficult.
    0:30:51 It’s just not complicated.
    0:30:54 You gave one answer to the question.
    0:30:57 I think the real answer just was based off of your, how
    0:30:58 you’re answering it.
    0:31:01 You are a, uh, really good storyteller.
    0:31:05 You are very persuasive and you have, um, you’re, I could
    0:31:08 just tell you’re a good leader because of how you dumb things
    0:31:11 down to be relatively simple and easy to understand.
    0:31:11 Right, Sean?
    0:31:14 I mean, just him explaining that you’re like, oh, okay,
    0:31:15 that’s you’re actually.
    0:31:16 Yeah.
    0:31:19 Like, uh, you don’t get stuck on the midwit mountain, right?
    0:31:22 Like the middle, the middle part where it’s an over, over
    0:31:25 analysis, over overthinking, over thesis out.
    0:31:28 You know, you’re like, do I think the people are going to
    0:31:30 stop dipping their bodies in water for pleasure?
    0:31:30 Nope.
    0:31:31 Exactly.
    0:31:31 All right.
    0:31:32 Cool.
    0:31:34 Uh, you know, that’s great.
    0:31:37 Do I think we’re going to get like, do I think tech, you
    0:31:39 know, is AI going to take us out of the pool business?
    0:31:39 Nope.
    0:31:39 Okay.
    0:31:40 Cool.
    0:31:41 So this is an enduring business.
    0:31:41 Great.
    0:31:41 We got that.
    0:31:44 Seems like this guy’s been paying himself a lot of money
    0:31:46 every single year as the operator.
    0:31:46 Great.
    0:31:47 We’ll probably be able to do the same.
    0:31:50 Also seems like this guy doesn’t do any marketing.
    0:31:51 He says that and he doesn’t have any ads anywhere.
    0:31:53 If we did a little bit, probably would help.
    0:31:53 Right.
    0:31:54 All right.
    0:31:54 Cool.
    0:31:55 Thesis done.
    0:31:56 Check, check, check.
    0:31:56 Right.
    0:32:00 So like not, um, not over complicating things is a skill.
    0:32:04 Um, I would also say like, it seems like you have a good
    0:32:07 amount of level two luck, which is the action luck.
    0:32:10 Like you were talking about that Patrick O’Shaughnessy example.
    0:32:12 I thought that was a great luck example because you were like,
    0:32:14 you didn’t have any investors.
    0:32:15 You’re just doing this with your own money.
    0:32:18 This guy tweets out, Hey, I’m looking for somebody, whatever
    0:32:21 to talk to me about equities and capital allocation.
    0:32:22 So you reach out, right?
    0:32:23 And you reach out.
    0:32:26 You don’t have some like imposter syndrome or insecurity
    0:32:27 that prevents you from reaching out.
    0:32:30 You take some action and you’ve probably taken a thousand
    0:32:33 actions like that, you know, cheap lottery tickets where
    0:32:35 the downside is very low.
    0:32:37 The upside, if you made a valuable connection like you did
    0:32:39 was pretty high actually.
    0:32:41 And so you filled out a thousand of those scratch off tickets
    0:32:44 and then he had luck on the other side, which was perception
    0:32:46 luck because he’s like, Oh, you’re buying this company for
    0:32:48 four times profit.
    0:32:50 That means like if you put in a hundred dollars, you’re going
    0:32:53 to get 25% yield every year, even without growing the business.
    0:32:56 And wait, I’m in the stock market buying things at 25
    0:32:59 times earnings and you’re buying them at four.
    0:33:00 So like something is good.
    0:33:01 That makes a lot of sense.
    0:33:04 So he had that’s that third level of luck, which is like
    0:33:05 you, you could spot it.
    0:33:07 You could spot good luck when it shows up at your door.
    0:33:10 And that’s why, you know, that was good on his part.
    0:33:13 So I think that’s impressive to me and a good reminder of like
    0:33:16 you got to take action to get that action luck.
    0:33:18 And then when you know something and you spot something,
    0:33:21 what he did a great job was he flew out to Missouri.
    0:33:23 He got to know you.
    0:33:23 He pitched you.
    0:33:24 You said no.
    0:33:25 And he’s like, he asked the magic question.
    0:33:26 What would it take?
    0:33:29 Whereas like, you know, 10 other people could have done most
    0:33:31 of that and not gotten the result that he got.
    0:33:33 You want to spend more time talking about why you’re successful?
    0:33:38 Let me ask you a different question.
    0:33:40 So I have, I have this goal.
    0:33:42 I want to retire my sister.
    0:33:43 So my sister has worked hard.
    0:33:45 She’s got her own business, blah, blah, blah.
    0:33:47 And she wants to just have an easier life.
    0:33:49 So she wants to spend time with her kids.
    0:33:51 She wants to travel like her business is brick and mortar.
    0:33:54 So she stuck in the certain location where those businesses are.
    0:33:56 She can’t really take her eye off the ball in that way.
    0:34:00 So I want to buy her a business and I’m like buying businesses
    0:34:01 sounds great.
    0:34:03 You buy a business that’s already working.
    0:34:04 It’s cash flowing.
    0:34:07 You hire a CEO or you promote somebody internally in the company
    0:34:08 to be the CEO.
    0:34:11 But I know there’s obviously a lot of ways that can go wrong.
    0:34:14 And so if you’re me and you want to retire my sister,
    0:34:15 where do you start?
    0:34:19 Like what is your thought process around buying that first business
    0:34:24 that’s going to get you to 300 to $500,000 a year free cash flow?
    0:34:27 What would you, where would you orient somebody who’s trying to do that?
    0:34:29 Yeah.
    0:34:30 I mean, I think it’s all about constraints.
    0:34:34 Actually, I wrote a piece called how to buy your first smaller company
    0:34:37 like literally because this is a question I get a lot from people.
    0:34:41 And I can remember I had no idea when I first got going
    0:34:45 and I mean, the thing is I, everyone’s got different constraints.
    0:34:46 Where do you want to live?
    0:34:47 How much do you want to travel?
    0:34:49 What do you actually know about?
    0:34:51 What are your, what are you good at?
    0:34:51 Right.
    0:34:53 So somebody with a very different personality type than me should
    0:34:55 be buying things that are very different than what I bought.
    0:34:59 Somebody who wants to live in LA should be buying things that are
    0:35:01 very different than living in Missouri.
    0:35:05 People who don’t want to travel a lot or who want to drive to the place.
    0:35:07 Like that’s a very different constraint.
    0:35:10 Capital constraints, how much cash do you have available to be able to
    0:35:11 invest?
    0:35:14 I mean, look, like, you know, if you have, uh, you can buy really,
    0:35:18 really high quality business assets that are smaller for like seven,
    0:35:19 eight, 10 times.
    0:35:22 So if you want something that’s going to be more hands off, that’s
    0:35:24 an incredibly durable business model, you can get something that’s
    0:35:26 either software, software adjacent.
    0:35:27 You can get something that has recurring revenue.
    0:35:31 Like the, the more you pay up into the value chain, I mean, you’re
    0:35:33 going to have decreased, I think total returns.
    0:35:37 Um, but ultimately, like there are easier businesses to run.
    0:35:40 So like there are like level 10 difficulty businesses.
    0:35:43 Like I would not recommend buying into your local restaurant.
    0:35:45 Like that would not be something that I would recommend doing, especially
    0:35:47 if you want to quote unquote have an easier life.
    0:35:51 Like it depends on if you want the role of a hybrid investor operator,
    0:35:54 which really is you’re going through a short season of investment.
    0:35:56 And then really you, what you’re doing is you’re buying a job.
    0:36:00 Like that’s one very specific type of way to leverage your time
    0:36:01 against your money.
    0:36:05 Um, if you really just want to be in the investor seat, it’s very
    0:36:08 difficult to only occupy the investor seat in the, in the world of
    0:36:09 small businesses.
    0:36:10 It can be done.
    0:36:11 It’s very, very difficult.
    0:36:15 The first three to $500,000 of cash flow coming from small businesses
    0:36:18 are very likely going to require a lot of sweat equity in, in, in
    0:36:19 exchange for that money.
    0:36:20 Yeah.
    0:36:21 You should go to that blog post.
    0:36:25 He has a good Q and a, he goes, uh, the question is how hard will I have
    0:36:27 to work harder than you’ve ever worked before?
    0:36:31 The opportunity in small business, in the small business market is dressed
    0:36:34 in overalls and likes to, and likes hard work.
    0:36:38 Dude, you’re poetic when you’re right.
    0:36:40 Uh, I love that way.
    0:36:40 You’re right.
    0:36:41 That’s my main skill set.
    0:36:43 So yeah, yeah, that’s great.
    0:36:45 Uh, you have some one liners that are pretty cool.
    0:36:49 Can we just get you, can I read you a one liner that you’ve said and you
    0:36:50 just kind of rant on it?
    0:36:53 So just basically kind of like make your case for this thing.
    0:36:56 Why, why you think this is true or why you believe it, why you think people
    0:36:57 should pay attention to this idea.
    0:36:58 This is the lightning round, right?
    0:36:59 It’s a lightning round.
    0:36:59 Yeah.
    0:36:59 Here we go.
    0:37:02 All businesses are loosely functioning disasters.
    0:37:04 Some just happen to make money.
    0:37:05 Yeah.
    0:37:08 Uh, anybody who’s ever operated a business knows this is true.
    0:37:10 The only people who have issues with this are consultants.
    0:37:14 So if anytime I’ve said this publicly, the only people who come at me are
    0:37:16 people who either got lucky the first time or have never done it.
    0:37:20 And, uh, I mean, look, every business I’ve ever been involved in,
    0:37:23 it doesn’t matter how profitable the business, how big the business.
    0:37:26 Um, I’ve gotten a pretty good view into some very large businesses.
    0:37:28 They’re all highly dysfunctional.
    0:37:29 Why are they dysfunctional?
    0:37:30 Because they’re full of people.
    0:37:32 People are messy.
    0:37:34 When you get a bunch of people together, that messing is compounds.
    0:37:36 Like it is not a complicated concept.
    0:37:39 Uh, and so I just think that people should lower their expectations
    0:37:42 and, and understand what to expect when they get into a business.
    0:37:43 It’s going to be hard.
    0:37:45 It’s going to be hard in different ways.
    0:37:48 Like, you know, the first time you had to put somebody through rehab,
    0:37:50 your, your guide doesn’t show up at the, to me in the warehouse
    0:37:53 because there’s been a domestic violence dispute and he’s in jail.
    0:37:56 I mean, literally like these are things that we’re having to deal with.
    0:37:58 Um, these are things that everyone’s having to deal with.
    0:38:01 Now they may come in different flavors, depending on how professional
    0:38:04 the business is, but the reality is that these are things that happen.
    0:38:06 Sean, have you watched the land man?
    0:38:08 I have.
    0:38:09 It’s really good.
    0:38:14 Um, it’s a, for those listening, it’s a show with Billy Bob Thornton on,
    0:38:15 it’s about like the oil industry.
    0:38:16 And they, there’s this great quote.
    0:38:20 It says, our business is one of constant crisis interrupted by brief
    0:38:22 periods of intense success.
    0:38:23 Yeah.
    0:38:25 How good is that?
    0:38:25 Yes.
    0:38:26 Yes.
    0:38:27 Uh, yeah.
    0:38:30 So I have a, I have a quote on my wall and it says, success is
    0:38:33 founded on a constant state of discontent interrupted by brief periods
    0:38:37 of satisfaction upon the completion of a job, particularly well done.
    0:38:38 Um, all right.
    0:38:38 How about this one?
    0:38:42 The more humility a leader has, the more their business can grow.
    0:38:43 What’s an example?
    0:38:44 Yeah.
    0:38:46 So, uh, look, what is humility?
    0:38:49 Humility is acknowledging reality for what it is.
    0:38:53 Um, and if you don’t acknowledge reality, you can’t get better.
    0:38:58 And so lack of humility is basically a defense mechanism, right?
    0:39:02 This usually is one of two forms is either self-protection or self-promotion.
    0:39:05 And people are usually doing a combination of both when they’re in, uh,
    0:39:07 some form of pride or arrogance.
    0:39:09 Uh, they’re usually terrified, fearful.
    0:39:12 I mean, I can say this from experience when I get prideful, uh,
    0:39:15 is because I feel like I’m not enough and I’m not going to be enough.
    0:39:17 And I’m worried that I might not have enough.
    0:39:22 And so, uh, what is humility is, is laying that down and saying, Hey,
    0:39:26 I, I want to see reality for what it is so I can learn and grow and become better.
    0:39:29 And that’s the only way to do that is to get feedback from the world around you.
    0:39:36 New York city founders, if you’ve listened to my first million before, you know,
    0:39:39 I’ve got this company called Hampton and Hampton is a community for founders
    0:39:43 and CEOs, but a lot of the stories and ideas that I get for this podcast.
    0:39:46 I actually got it from people who I met in Hampton.
    0:39:48 We have this big community of a thousand plus people and it’s amazing.
    0:39:52 But the main part is this eight person core group that becomes your board of
    0:39:54 advisors for your life and for your business.
    0:39:58 And it’s life changing now to the folks in New York city.
    0:40:02 I’m building a in real life core group in New York city.
    0:40:05 And so if you meet one of the following criteria, your business either
    0:40:09 does three million in revenue or you’ve raised three million in funding or
    0:40:12 you’ve started and sold the company for at least $10 million, then
    0:40:13 you are eligible to apply.
    0:40:16 So go to joinhampton.com and apply.
    0:40:19 I’m going to be reviewing all of the applications myself.
    0:40:21 So put that you heard about this on MFM.
    0:40:24 So I know to give you a little extra love now back to the show.
    0:40:31 I like that lack of humility, self-protection or self-promotion though strong.
    0:40:33 Charlie Munger says this thing.
    0:40:35 He says, every time you see the word EBITDA, you should substitute it
    0:40:37 with bullshit earnings.
    0:40:38 Do you agree or disagree?
    0:40:39 Yeah, for sure.
    0:40:40 I agree.
    0:40:44 I mean, like look, EBITDA can be a useful tool in some very limited
    0:40:50 circumstances, but for the most part, it is dressing up something that is
    0:40:54 more than often obfuscating reality.
    0:40:57 So when you see EBITDA, especially in the small business world, there
    0:41:00 usually comes a ton of capex, a lot of reinvestment needs that are on
    0:41:01 the back end of that.
    0:41:04 And what you have to really do is you have to figure out, okay, just in
    0:41:07 a steady state, what is the business actually producing a free cash flow?
    0:41:10 Like we look at businesses all the time that are making quote-unquote making
    0:41:14 seven, eight, nine million dollars a year that you ask the owner how
    0:41:16 much money they’ve taken out of the business and they’re taking out
    0:41:18 maybe a million bucks a year, maybe two million bucks a year.
    0:41:19 I got news for you.
    0:41:22 For the most part, you don’t have a business that’s quote-unquote making
    0:41:23 seven million dollars a year.
    0:41:25 You have business making one to two million dollars a year.
    0:41:26 That’s the reality.
    0:41:30 Have you guys, Sean, have you ever learned the history of the idea of EBITDA?
    0:41:32 Do you know that’s like a new-ish thing?
    0:41:33 No.
    0:41:36 So basically, John Malone, I believe, is that right, Brent?
    0:41:36 He invented it.
    0:41:38 Yeah, John Malone invented it.
    0:41:40 So John Malone, his nickname is like the greatest nickname.
    0:41:42 He’s one of the Cable Cowboys.
    0:41:46 So John Malone, you would know him now as like the guy who owns or founded
    0:41:49 Liberty Media, which owns F1 and all this other amazing stuff.
    0:41:52 But basically, he owned a cable company.
    0:41:53 It was like a small cable company.
    0:41:57 I think when he took it over, it was like five or 10 million in revenue,
    0:42:01 something like that, like relatively small, and he needed to get loans because
    0:42:04 he found that if he could just acquire way more cable companies, cable
    0:42:07 companies were incredibly sticky and it was recurring revenue.
    0:42:11 I should go out and buy a ton in order to go and get more cable companies.
    0:42:13 I need to borrow lots of money.
    0:42:16 And for some reason, he came up with this idea that EBITDA was an amazing
    0:42:19 metric to convince banks to loan him money.
    0:42:23 And so he coined the term EBITDA because for his business, he had
    0:42:25 lots of depreciation, lots of things like this.
    0:42:28 So he was like, no, no, no, just give me like the earnings before all of this.
    0:42:31 And I’m going to convince banks to loan me against that.
    0:42:35 And that, I think it was the 80s, the mid 80s became like the term.
    0:42:37 And I’ve hated EBITDA.
    0:42:39 I think EBITDA is really stupid.
    0:42:42 But what I think that like is kind of insane is that we’ve all
    0:42:44 collectively agreed that this is like the metric.
    0:42:48 And I always thought it was like weird, but I never had the courage to say
    0:42:49 like, this is stupid.
    0:42:52 And then I would like read about Buffett and all these guys and I was like,
    0:42:53 God, I think it’s stupid.
    0:42:54 Dude, I take the opposite.
    0:42:55 I’m like, this is genius.
    0:42:57 I need this in my personal life.
    0:42:58 I need this.
    0:42:59 I did the husband version of EBITDA.
    0:43:05 It’s like, you know, my, my behavior before, you know, before football,
    0:43:09 before taking out the trash, if you ignore all those things, I’m great.
    0:43:11 I’m amazing actually.
    0:43:14 Well, it’s crazy that like you don’t pay your personal taxes on EBITDA.
    0:43:17 You pay your personal taxes on a cash flow, or you know, on a cash base.
    0:43:20 It’s just there’s so many reasons why this is insane.
    0:43:24 But, and also, you know, it’s the most insane thing, adjusted EBITDA.
    0:43:25 What the hell does that mean?
    0:43:27 It means whatever you want to be.
    0:43:28 It’s, that’s insane.
    0:43:32 You have another one, another quote you said, you either operate with high
    0:43:35 authority, top down or delegated authority.
    0:43:37 Hell is in the middle.
    0:43:37 Yeah.
    0:43:41 So this is hard earned because I would say is I think everyone’s
    0:43:45 temptation is to be high authority when you think there’s something wrong and
    0:43:47 then low authority when you want to be lazy.
    0:43:51 And that, that combination just makes a mess of everything.
    0:43:54 And so there’s really two ways to be involved with the company.
    0:43:58 You either say, Hey, this is what we’re doing.
    0:43:59 This is how we’re doing it.
    0:44:00 You need to get in line.
    0:44:02 I need people to go and execute this vision.
    0:44:05 Or you say, Hey, I want to be supportive and helpful.
    0:44:06 It needs to be your vision.
    0:44:09 And I’m not going to intervene even when I think that something’s wrong.
    0:44:13 I’m just going to go along for the ride and be helpful.
    0:44:16 And very, very, very lightly interviewing.
    0:44:17 And so you just have to choose.
    0:44:19 And I think there’s both can work.
    0:44:23 I think both come with certain upsides and downsides, um, but you can’t
    0:44:26 do the middle because if you do in the middle, what you end up doing is you
    0:44:29 end up saying to the leadership team, Hey, you’re responsible, but I’m
    0:44:31 basically telling you what you have to do.
    0:44:33 And so it removes all agency from them.
    0:44:37 And ultimately everything that goes right is going to be their fault and
    0:44:38 everything that goes wrong is going to be your fault.
    0:44:43 But to make the lazy, when you say the lazy approach, I’m like, Yeah,
    0:44:44 that sounds great.
    0:44:44 Sign me up.
    0:44:45 Yeah.
    0:44:47 But that’s hard.
    0:44:49 How do you make that work?
    0:44:52 You have to find, uh, the right person and what attributes does that person
    0:44:56 have and you know, Buffett and Munger always said that like incentivizing
    0:45:01 manager was the number one goal of, uh, of was their number one job.
    0:45:02 Is that true for you?
    0:45:03 Yeah, absolutely.
    0:45:04 A hundred percent.
    0:45:07 If you’re going to, uh, try to truly be an investor and not an operator in the
    0:45:11 business, uh, it all comes down to somebody has to do the work and somebody
    0:45:12 has to exert judgment.
    0:45:15 And if you’re not going to be the person to do the work and exert judgment,
    0:45:16 somebody else does and you got to be interested.
    0:45:18 Got to be aligned with that person.
    0:45:22 And so yeah, when I say the quote unquote lazy approach, I mean, ultimately
    0:45:24 this is the only way you scale, right?
    0:45:26 I mean, if you look, if you look at, again, we keep coming back to Berkshire.
    0:45:29 It’s a good thing to think about because when people say, Hey, let’s talk about
    0:45:32 how, you know, Berkshire like buys businesses and leaves them alone.
    0:45:37 That was not how they operated for a vast majority of the time that they’ve done
    0:45:37 it.
    0:45:40 Like they had to do that eventually because they got to a such a scale.
    0:45:42 They literally couldn’t intervene anymore.
    0:45:46 If you go back and look at Buffalo news, like Buffett and Munger were literally
    0:45:47 living in Buffalo.
    0:45:49 Dude, they’re writing headlines.
    0:45:51 They’re, they’re writing like, have you ever read of that Sean?
    0:45:57 They bought a newspaper and they would literally, uh, like they, they were news
    0:46:00 guys, like they liked the news and they were like, here’s, I want this many ads
    0:46:01 on the page.
    0:46:03 I think the headline should be like this.
    0:46:06 Like they, they, yeah, I did not know this.
    0:46:06 This is amazing.
    0:46:07 Yeah.
    0:46:11 I mean, I was just saying is like Buffalo news is a good example of, of like
    0:46:17 basically their, their mode of operation until the call it early 80s, mid 80s, when
    0:46:19 they got to have so much money, they literally couldn’t be involved in the
    0:46:22 stuff that they were doing was to be highly interventionist.
    0:46:25 I mean, they would be involved in the smallest of details.
    0:46:26 They would set the tone.
    0:46:27 They would help on marketing strategy.
    0:46:28 They would replace leadership.
    0:46:31 They, I mean, they were doing all the stuff that I’m doing.
    0:46:34 They would do all the stuff that anybody has to do because when you’re small,
    0:46:35 you can do it.
    0:46:39 When you’ve got less capital and more time, you can do stuff like that.
    0:46:42 And by the way, the returns are higher when you could leverage your
    0:46:43 time against your money.
    0:46:44 It’s an advantage, right?
    0:46:48 It’s not a disadvantage, it’s an advantage, but eventually you, you have
    0:46:51 a limited amount of time and attention and as the money grows and your
    0:46:55 attention stays the same, that ratio gets thrown all off and you have no
    0:46:59 choice but to say, okay, I’m going to spread a much more thinly layered
    0:47:03 amount of judgment over a much wider thing of grouping of things, which
    0:47:06 means you have to step out of the day to day operations and then you have to
    0:47:07 hire people who can exert great judgment.
    0:47:11 And so Buffalo News, I mean, there’s a great quote from Munger saying,
    0:47:15 hey, like I’m down to my last like million bucks that I can put into
    0:47:15 Buffalo News.
    0:47:18 Like after that, I’m calling uncle, like I’m out.
    0:47:22 I mean, it was, there’s been various times in Berkshire’s history.
    0:47:23 They’ve gotten, it’s gotten very hairy.
    0:47:26 It was not a guaranteed success.
    0:47:30 And even when they had a lot of success, it still gets hairy in various
    0:47:32 points and I think every business has that though.
    0:47:33 That’s what should be expected.
    0:47:34 Like it should be an adventure.
    0:47:38 There’s a great letter that you can read.
    0:47:43 It’s from, it’s in 1972 and it’s the Buffett letter to the C’s Candy CEO.
    0:47:47 If you Google that Buffett letter to C’s Candy CEO and he says, and because
    0:47:50 I went into this, I haven’t like studied Buffett in depth the way that
    0:47:53 you would if you’re going to do private equity.
    0:47:57 And he, I just thought the, oh, he’s this, aw shucks.
    0:47:59 He sits at the table.
    0:48:00 He drinks his Diet Coke.
    0:48:03 He, he just allocates the capital and he hires great people and they
    0:48:03 just do magic.
    0:48:07 And this letter, I was like, oh, Buffett had the mind of an operator,
    0:48:08 right?
    0:48:11 Because he goes, dear Chuck, I was out of Brandy’s a couple of days ago and
    0:48:13 I have a few strong impressions to pass along.
    0:48:17 Number one, and he basically, he starts talking like details about the
    0:48:18 store.
    0:48:20 So he goes, people are, people are going to be affected not only by our,
    0:48:23 how our candy tastes, obviously, but what they hear about it from others
    0:48:26 as well, the retailing environment and which it appears, this class of
    0:48:29 the store, the packaging, the condition, like this is like Steve Jobs
    0:48:31 talking about the Apple store, right?
    0:48:32 Like a product oriented person.
    0:48:37 And he just goes through like step by step kind of like things that he
    0:48:41 thinks could be improved on, you know, in the store experience.
    0:48:45 And I thought, wow, this is different than what I kind of the impression
    0:48:48 you get when you hear about Buffett, just sitting in his room reading
    0:48:52 all day, you know, making investment decisions off of, you know, financial,
    0:48:53 you know, financial sheets.
    0:48:54 This is a great letter.
    0:48:58 By the way, how awesome is this that this was like a typewriter letter?
    0:49:01 Does that make it, doesn’t that make it so much more substantial?
    0:49:02 Totally.
    0:49:04 He licked, he licked an envelope for this one.
    0:49:07 I mean, he licked an envelope.
    0:49:10 I kind of want to like start sending letters like this.
    0:49:12 It just makes it feel like more authoritative.
    0:49:13 Let me ask you something, Brent.
    0:49:17 I have, like I said, we kind of, my business is a little bit different
    0:49:20 than yours, which is I create content on the front end.
    0:49:21 It’s the mullets.
    0:49:24 I have content on the front end, which is what I love to do, what I’m
    0:49:28 great at, but media and content is not a great business model.
    0:49:32 So my back end is basically start or buy businesses that I know I can like
    0:49:37 turbocharge and we’ve done this maybe four or five, six times now and it’s
    0:49:37 going really well.
    0:49:43 But one thing I’ve noticed is like, if I draw a pie chart of what makes it work,
    0:49:48 it’s basically like 60% of the battle was just the initial market selection.
    0:49:52 When we picked a project that was like the winds were blowing against us.
    0:49:56 It didn’t matter how much effort we put in or how great the operator was.
    0:49:58 It was always just an uphill battle.
    0:50:01 And sometimes we pick these markets that are just like, it’s a pull market.
    0:50:02 You’re being pulled in.
    0:50:03 It’s just a sweet spot.
    0:50:05 The people just need this.
    0:50:07 It’s shooting fish in a barrel type of thing.
    0:50:09 That creates a big part of it.
    0:50:15 The second part of it, the next, I’ll say like 30% is the quality of the CEO
    0:50:17 that we picked who’s going to run the business.
    0:50:20 And when we pick a sort of limited CEO, we get limited success.
    0:50:23 When we pick an unstoppable CEO, we get like massive success.
    0:50:24 And the last 10% was just luck.
    0:50:28 Like the ball bouncing our way on one or two things that could have easily
    0:50:32 not happened, but that they happened or, you know, when the winds that didn’t,
    0:50:34 maybe we missed out on something that we didn’t see.
    0:50:39 I got a question about that second piece, which is hiring the CEO or evaluating
    0:50:41 the CEO, evaluating the operator.
    0:50:43 I want to get better at that.
    0:50:45 If you sit down with somebody, you’re recruiting an exec.
    0:50:49 Maybe it’s a, you’re interviewing somebody who’s maybe in the business
    0:50:53 that’s going to become a CEO or you’re taking somebody external to come run this company.
    0:50:56 What are you doing to, what are you doing?
    0:50:58 That’s like not obvious to get that assessment.
    0:51:01 Is there any little tips and tricks, anything that you’ve picked up
    0:51:03 that, that helps you find the right operators?
    0:51:04 Yeah.
    0:51:09 Well, so actually, I think this is a, probably a pretty underappreciated aspect
    0:51:14 of being involved in small companies is all about the people, right?
    0:51:17 And so the better you can be at the people, the better it’s going to be
    0:51:18 for the business.
    0:51:24 And, you know, we’ve really deep dived into, I would say all personality
    0:51:25 testing is wrong, right?
    0:51:29 It just depends on what you’re trying to get out of it.
    0:51:33 And so we have actually a huge battery of personality testing that we do
    0:51:37 for people to try to get as close to a 360 view of who they are.
    0:51:38 What do you use?
    0:51:38 Yeah.
    0:51:45 So we’re doing a combination of disk, Myers-Briggs and something
    0:51:49 called habit story, which kind of has them see like, what are the habits
    0:51:51 that they’ve built in their life and how are they kind of supporting
    0:51:54 who they are with the structure and apparatus around them?
    0:51:59 And I personally also do a lot of study of Enneagram.
    0:52:03 And so I think actually, personally for me, when I meet somebody, I’m
    0:52:06 instantly categorizing them as what I think their Enneagram number is.
    0:52:10 And I’m automatically categorizing them across the four main Myers-Briggs.
    0:52:12 Dude, this is crazy to me.
    0:52:15 I thought that’s just horoscopes for dudes.
    0:52:19 Like, do you really use this as like your core thing?
    0:52:19 That’s amazing.
    0:52:20 Yeah.
    0:52:23 Well, so all of it tells you something about the person, right?
    0:52:26 So if you think about, so Enneagram, most people don’t understand this.
    0:52:29 So Enneagram basically tells you who you are at your worst.
    0:52:35 And there’s nine numbers and basically everyone falls into a number
    0:52:38 and then you have what’s called wings, which is kind of where do you tip
    0:52:39 from that number?
    0:52:42 So for me, I’m a three and I tip two.
    0:52:45 So a three is they call the achiever.
    0:52:49 My biggest insecurities is that I’m not enough and I want people to like me.
    0:52:52 And so again, if you, if anybody’s proud of their Enneagram, it
    0:52:53 means they don’t understand Enneagram.
    0:52:56 Like, like it’s not a good thing, right?
    0:52:59 This basically tells you what are your deepest fears and what, what is
    0:53:01 the, your areas of greatest weakness.
    0:53:04 But if you can know that about somebody, you can see them.
    0:53:06 How is that playing out in their life, right?
    0:53:09 So like I, when I’m in my least healthy, I’m a people pleaser.
    0:53:11 I say yes to way too much stuff.
    0:53:13 Um, I don’t tell people the truth.
    0:53:15 Um, it’s really unhealthy.
    0:53:17 It’s, it’s highly destructive behavior, right?
    0:53:19 I’m very focused on hierarchy.
    0:53:23 And, and, and my guess is that you guys have different Enneagrams, right?
    0:53:26 I won’t, I won’t guess your Enneagrams, but can you do it?
    0:53:26 That’s great.
    0:53:27 Yeah.
    0:53:29 Do it.
    0:53:30 I can’t wait.
    0:53:30 Yeah.
    0:53:33 My guess is Sean, you’re a three and my guess is Sam’s an eight.
    0:53:35 Uh, but what’s three and what’s eight?
    0:53:37 Uh, the three is the achievable.
    0:53:41 So threes and eights, uh, both achieved, but for very different reasons.
    0:53:44 So, so, uh, threes achieved because they want people to love them.
    0:53:46 It’s like less about the thing itself.
    0:53:48 And then eights really want the thing itself.
    0:53:52 So like as a three, like I don’t want money to just like want the, want the money.
    0:53:54 Like I want the money because I want people to love me.
    0:53:57 Uh, eights really want the money because they want the security and
    0:53:59 they want the power that comes with the money.
    0:54:04 Uh, so, so I want to learn the, I want to roll over so that I get Pat and
    0:54:05 my tail can wag.
    0:54:06 Sam just wants a dog treat.
    0:54:07 Yep.
    0:54:08 That’s exactly right.
    0:54:09 Um, that’s right.
    0:54:10 What do you think?
    0:54:11 Yeah.
    0:54:14 Well, like he’s, he’s describing everything in like the most positive way.
    0:54:16 So like, yeah, sounds great.
    0:54:18 Uh, I’m, uh, I like that.
    0:54:21 And then I looked up who other eights were and it’s like Winston Churchill,
    0:54:23 Martin Luther King.
    0:54:24 I’m like, yeah, okay, cool.
    0:54:26 Um, yeah, yeah, for sure.
    0:54:29 What you do, but you, what this is like crazy fascinating.
    0:54:31 You said like five different things.
    0:54:32 So can you give us the exact?
    0:54:35 So you said Myers-Briggs, uh, and then you said this, this other test.
    0:54:37 What’s like the exact stuff that you’re using.
    0:54:38 Yeah.
    0:54:40 So, so I, well, there’s two things.
    0:54:43 One is when I first meet somebody, I can, I can walk you through what I do.
    0:54:47 And then I would say is separately from that in a hiring process.
    0:54:50 We, we use that once we get serious about a candidate, then we put them through
    0:54:52 a huge battery of testing to make sure we try to understand them.
    0:54:53 Right.
    0:54:57 For me personally, when I first meet somebody, it helps me so much to be able
    0:55:00 to categorize them into what I expect based on just kind of how they’re showing
    0:55:02 up in the world, uh, in Myers-Briggs, right?
    0:55:04 So you have, you have I and E.
    0:55:06 So are they introverted or they extroverted?
    0:55:07 Right.
    0:55:11 Are they S or they, uh, N, which is, are they, are they in the present?
    0:55:13 Are they sensing or are they in the future?
    0:55:14 Right.
    0:55:17 Um, uh, then are they a thinker or are they a feeler?
    0:55:18 Right.
    0:55:21 So they, are they primarily excited about ideas or they primarily excited
    0:55:24 about, uh, sort of the, the, the people themselves, right?
    0:55:29 Um, and then the last one is T and P, which is, um, uh,
    0:55:34 are they, uh, it’s kind of, excuse me, J and P, which is, are they, uh,
    0:55:39 very focused on rigid schedules and on creating order or do they like to go
    0:55:40 and test and try a whole bunch of things?
    0:55:41 Right.
    0:55:44 And how all these like sort of stack up and combine really gives you
    0:55:48 a much more holistic view of who somebody is than when you then pair with
    0:55:51 Enneagram, I think gives you probably those two together.
    0:55:56 I think creates the most, the quickest and the most holistic view of
    0:55:59 who somebody is, where if you can get like a, a pretty good idea quickly
    0:56:03 of who they are, like how I would talk to somebody who’s present oriented
    0:56:05 is very different than how I talk to somebody who’s future oriented.
    0:56:09 And oftentimes, you know, we assume the whole world operates like the way
    0:56:13 we do, like my wife and I are literally the opposites in every single one
    0:56:13 of these areas.
    0:56:17 So you can imagine in our marriage, like how she shows up and how
    0:56:21 I show up is so different and it creates all kinds of miscommunications.
    0:56:24 We’ve been married now for 16 years and it really, we went through
    0:56:28 personality testing together about, oh, three and a half, four years ago.
    0:56:30 It was game changing in our marriage.
    0:56:34 It was, it completely explained a ton of behavior for her and for
    0:56:38 me that had been bothering us for a long time and it was just largely
    0:56:39 how we’re wired.
    0:56:41 So that’s how we do it.
    0:56:44 That’s how I think about doing it in the moment that helps me relate to
    0:56:45 people a lot more.
    0:56:46 It’s crazy.
    0:56:51 By the way, Sean, 16personalities.com is like these websites are huge
    0:56:52 that are doing these tests.
    0:56:54 Yeah, yeah, yeah, they’re really big.
    0:56:55 I mean, this isn’t, it’s an important piece.
    0:56:58 I would say five voices is a really interesting one.
    0:57:01 They, they, so it’s just the number five voices.com.
    0:57:02 I think.
    0:57:07 Yeah, those guys have created Steve Cochrum and Jeremy Kubitschek are
    0:57:09 the two founders of that business.
    0:57:12 They’ve created an overlay for Myers-Briggs that simplifies it.
    0:57:15 I think a lot of their stuff is incredible.
    0:57:19 And yeah, we definitely use a lot of their work as well.
    0:57:22 Then we finish off with a quick tarot reading just to see how the future
    0:57:23 is going to go.
    0:57:24 And then we’re, we’re all set.
    0:57:25 This is amazing.
    0:57:28 This is so good.
    0:57:31 You, you also have one thing I read that I really loved.
    0:57:33 You go, you have this like asshole test.
    0:57:35 It’s like, we don’t, nobody wants to work with assholes.
    0:57:36 How do we sort of filter for that?
    0:57:38 Nobody’s trying to present as an asshole in a job interview.
    0:57:42 And you said like, you can eat with them, see how they treat the staff.
    0:57:45 You could see them interact with their significant other.
    0:57:47 That’ll tell you a lot in their home environment.
    0:57:50 And then you said, the most telling environment is to travel with somebody.
    0:57:53 It is impossible to fake it when you’re at the airport.
    0:57:54 You’re grinding through security.
    0:57:57 And if there’s a delay, your, their true colors will come out.
    0:57:58 That was great.
    0:57:59 Yeah.
    0:57:59 Yeah.
    0:58:00 It’s fun.
    0:58:03 I mean, just want to, I mean, honestly, the business we’re in is predicting
    0:58:04 people’s behavior.
    0:58:05 Like that’s what we’re trying to do.
    0:58:09 And because of all these businesses are predicated on the people who run them.
    0:58:12 They’re, they’re all going to have the risks, the primary risks of all these
    0:58:13 businesses are going to be the people.
    0:58:15 And so what we’re trying to do is get to know people.
    0:58:18 Have you guys ever been out with someone and they’ve actually been
    0:58:20 an asshole to the wait staff though?
    0:58:22 Whenever people say about this, this asshole test, I’m like,
    0:58:25 I’ve never been around anyone that’s like rude.
    0:58:28 Dude, you don’t remember the dinner we were at where this happened?
    0:58:29 Yeah.
    0:58:31 But that was like one out of a thousand.
    0:58:31 Yeah.
    0:58:32 Yeah, it’s true.
    0:58:35 The, this guy, we, Sean and I went out with someone and he was like
    0:58:39 shooing the waiter when he was like, it was, it was like, it was, it was, it
    0:58:41 was, I was, I was ashamed.
    0:58:42 I left that dinner.
    0:58:46 I’d be like, I felt like, uh, like I had just like participated
    0:58:47 in like a porno.
    0:58:50 Like I felt like I was like, I’m so ashamed.
    0:58:53 Like if people find out about this, like I’m going to be so embarrassed.
    0:58:54 That’s rough.
    0:58:57 Wow.
    0:58:58 Dude, what a fun episode.
    0:58:58 This is great.
    0:58:59 Oh yeah.
    0:59:01 I really enjoyed hanging out with you guys.
    0:59:02 That’s the one we guys built.
    0:59:03 Brent, thanks for coming on, man.
    0:59:06 If you haven’t, go check out his blog and his annual letters.
    0:59:07 They’re pretty great.
    0:59:08 Follow him on Twitter.
    0:59:09 What’s your Twitter handle?
    0:59:10 Brent, be sure.
    0:59:11 Just Brent, be sure.
    0:59:12 Yep.
    0:59:12 All right.
    0:59:13 Good seeing you, dude.
    0:59:14 Thank you.
    0:59:14 That’s it.
    0:59:15 That’s the pod.
    0:59:18 I feel like I can rule the world.
    0:59:24 I know I could be what I want to put my all in it like the days on for the road.
    0:59:25 Let’s travel never looking back.
    0:59:30 Hey, Sean here.
    0:59:33 I want to take a minute to tell you a David Ogilvy story.
    0:59:34 One of the great ad men.
    0:59:36 He said, remember, the consumer is not a moron.
    0:59:37 She’s your wife.
    0:59:39 You wouldn’t lie to your own wife.
    0:59:41 So don’t lie to mine.
    0:59:43 And I love that you guys, you’re my family.
    0:59:45 You’re like my wife and I won’t lie to you either.
    0:59:48 So I’ll tell you the truth for every company I own right now.
    0:59:51 Six companies, I use Mercury for all of them.
    0:59:54 So I’m proud to partner with Mercury because I use it for all of my banking
    0:59:57 needs across my personal account, my business accounts.
    1:00:00 And anytime I start a new company, this is my first move.
    1:00:01 I go open up a Mercury account.
    1:00:03 I’m very confident in recommending it because I actually use it.
    1:00:04 I’ve used it for years.
    1:00:06 It is the best product on the market.
    1:00:11 So if you want to be like me and 200,000 other ambitious founders, go to mercury.com
    1:00:12 and apply in minutes.
    1:00:16 And remember, Mercury is a financial technology company, not a bank.
    1:00:19 Banking services provided by Choice Financial Group and Evolve Bank & Trust
    1:00:20 members, FDIC.
    1:00:21 All right.
    1:00:21 Back to the episode.
    1:00:24 (upbeat music)

    Episode 681: Sam Parr ( https://x.com/theSamParr ) and Shaan Puri ( https://x.com/ShaanVP ) talk to Brent Beshore ( https://x.com/BrentBeshore ) about buying profitable businesses. 

    Show Notes: 

    (0:00) $50K/yr to 9 figures

    (6:04) Accidentally buying a $1M business for $0

    (11:06) Just In Time learning

    (14:11) Buying cash flow businesses

    (20:30) Private equity or index?

    (24:26) Buffett’s near-death experience

    (32:54) How to buy your first small business

    (36:02) Brent’s one-liner speed run

    (47:33) Shaan asks Brent how to hire a CEO

    Links:

    • Permanent Equity – https://www.permanentequity.com/ 

    • Enneagram Test – https://enneagramtest.com/ 

    Check Out Shaan’s Stuff:

    Need to hire? You should use the same service Shaan uses to hire developers, designers, & Virtual Assistants → it’s called Shepherd (tell ‘em Shaan sent you): https://bit.ly/SupportShepherd

    Check Out Sam’s Stuff:

    • Hampton – https://www.joinhampton.com/

    • Ideation Bootcamp – https://www.ideationbootcamp.co/

    • Copy That – https://copythat.com

    • Hampton Wealth Survey – https://joinhampton.com/wealth

    • Sam’s List – http://samslist.co/

    My First Million is a HubSpot Original Podcast // Brought to you by The HubSpot Podcast Network // Production by Arie Desormeaux // Editing by Ezra Bakker Trupiano

  • 624. The Animal No One Loves, Until They Do

    AI transcript
    0:00:02 (dramatic music)
    0:00:06 – Are you a chef?
    0:00:08 Are you a home cook?
    0:00:09 – I can cook.
    0:00:10 (laughing)
    0:00:12 – He says reluctantly.
    0:00:15 – I sometimes cook well, not always.
    0:00:17 – Do you happen to make a nicer ratatouille?
    0:00:19 – Yeah, I’ve made ratatouille before,
    0:00:21 but I don’t have the skill, taste, and feeling
    0:00:23 to make a great ratatouille.
    0:00:26 The thing is, it’s just a bunch of vegetables, right?
    0:00:27 – Well, yes, but no.
    0:00:28 – Yes, but no, exactly.
    0:00:31 And that’s the thing, ratatouille is a theme
    0:00:33 and a title for the film.
    0:00:36 That was there from the beginning for a number of reasons.
    0:00:39 First of all, it’s about rats, and ratatouille,
    0:00:41 it tells you it’s a comedy ’cause it’s a silly word,
    0:00:46 and ratatouille is the quintessential peasant dish.
    0:00:50 It’s just vegetables, it’s stuff that you can find easily.
    0:00:53 If you know how to cook it well, it’s beautiful.
    0:00:57 – I’m speaking here with Jan Pinkover.
    0:01:01 I worked on a couple of the early feature films of Pixar,
    0:01:06 including A Bug’s Life and Monsters Inc and Toy Story 2,
    0:01:10 and I got a break to develop my own feature film.
    0:01:14 – That feature film was ratatouille.
    0:01:15 It’s about a rat named Remi,
    0:01:18 who lives in a farmhouse in the French countryside
    0:01:20 and dreams of becoming a chef.
    0:01:25 – You found cheese, and not just any cheese,
    0:01:27 it’s home to Chevron to pay.
    0:01:30 That would go beautifully with my mushroom.
    0:01:34 – But then, Remi, his family, and his entire rat tribe
    0:01:36 are chased into exile,
    0:01:38 and he winds up in the sewers of Paris.
    0:01:40 As he explores the city above ground,
    0:01:44 Remi comes across the legendary Gusteau’s Restaurant.
    0:01:47 The late chef Auguste Gusteau was Remi’s hero.
    0:01:51 His famous book is called Anyone Can Cook.
    0:01:54 But Remi sees that Gusteau’s restaurant is now run
    0:01:58 by a corrupt tyrannical chef,
    0:02:00 and there’s a new garbage boy in the kitchen
    0:02:01 named Linguini.
    0:02:07 – Garbage boy, you are cooking.
    0:02:11 Out there, you’re cooking my kitchen.
    0:02:15 – Linguini does want to cook, but he doesn’t have much talent.
    0:02:19 Remi has talent, but he’s a rat.
    0:02:21 So the two of them become secret collaborators.
    0:02:25 One look, and I knew we had the same crazy idea.
    0:02:31 – Remi hides on top of Linguini’s head
    0:02:33 under his chef’s toque,
    0:02:36 and becomes his puppet master chef.
    0:02:39 Together, they make beautiful food, potato leek soup,
    0:02:41 the perfect French omelet,
    0:02:45 and a twist on sweet bread’s à la Gusteau.
    0:02:49 It turns out that Linguini is the son of the great Gusteau,
    0:02:52 and the secret collaboration between Linguini and Remi
    0:02:57 turns out to be a big hit, as was the film itself.
    0:02:59 Ratatouille, released in 2007,
    0:03:02 won the Oscar for best animated feature,
    0:03:05 and it grossed over half a billion dollars.
    0:03:08 That made Ratatouille a big outlier in Hollywood,
    0:03:12 and Remi the rat was an outlier too.
    0:03:14 As we’ve been learning in this series on rats,
    0:03:18 it is a rare day when a rat is the hero of any story.
    0:03:21 Since the days of the bubonic plague,
    0:03:24 rats have been associated with death and disease.
    0:03:28 To call someone a rat is a special kind of insult.
    0:03:32 It suggests they’ve behaved so badly as to be subhuman.
    0:03:37 But is it time to reassess the rat’s reputation,
    0:03:39 perhaps even rehabilitate it?
    0:03:41 Today, on Freakinomics Radio,
    0:03:45 we dissect Ratatouille with Jan Pinkova.
    0:03:48 – In a way, Ratatouille is like ballet dancing with Nazis.
    0:03:52 We look at why rats have been so valuable to human science.
    0:03:55 – Like, right all the way down to DNA.
    0:03:57 – And we hear a love story.
    0:04:00 – Not to say anything negative about the hamsters of the world,
    0:04:03 but I think it’s a different relationship.
    0:04:05 – Come along for this third and final episode
    0:04:09 in our series, “Sympathy for the Rat.”
    0:04:11 (upbeat music)
    0:04:14 (jazz music)
    0:04:22 – This is Freakinomics Radio,
    0:04:25 the podcast that explores the hidden side of everything
    0:04:28 with your host, Stephen Dubner.
    0:04:30 (upbeat music)
    0:04:41 – We humans really love some animals,
    0:04:44 two-thirds of American households have at least one pet,
    0:04:45 most of them dogs or cats.
    0:04:48 We often treat them like members of the family.
    0:04:52 When we hear about an animal being mistreated or killed,
    0:04:54 the outcry can be as loud as if it happened
    0:04:57 to a fellow human, if not louder.
    0:05:02 And yet, in 2022, when New York City Mayor Eric Adams
    0:05:06 declared war on rats and appointed a rat czar
    0:05:10 to get rid of them, there was almost no outcry.
    0:05:13 The rat seems to have crossed some invisible border
    0:05:17 from animal to pest, even menace.
    0:05:19 But it wasn’t always thus.
    0:05:21 – The first rats that were domesticated,
    0:05:24 they were pets in Victorian England
    0:05:26 and they were not thought of as negatively
    0:05:29 as we think about even pet rats today.
    0:05:33 So it was revered to have a rat on your shoulder.
    0:05:34 – This is Julia Zichello.
    0:05:37 She lives on the Upper West Side of Manhattan
    0:05:40 and is an evolutionary biologist at Hunter College.
    0:05:44 But her rat experience is not just academic.
    0:05:47 – During the pandemic, I got a car for the first time
    0:05:50 because alternate side of the street parking was relaxed.
    0:05:52 I kept it in one place for too long.
    0:05:55 I also don’t really drive that often.
    0:05:58 So yeah, so when I went to start it, it didn’t start.
    0:06:01 And I had to get a toad and the mechanic told me
    0:06:04 that there was a bedding in there connected with rats
    0:06:06 and also orange peels.
    0:06:07 – This was in the engine?
    0:06:09 – This was in the engine.
    0:06:11 It was the late fall, early winter,
    0:06:12 which is just the time that they would be
    0:06:14 looking for a warm place.
    0:06:16 I thought it was really funny at first
    0:06:19 before I got the bill from the mechanic.
    0:06:22 – What did it look like inside the engine?
    0:06:23 – The wires were gnawed.
    0:06:26 You can see shards or pieces of the wire
    0:06:29 and then the orange peels and some dry leaves
    0:06:32 and other things that they were using for nesting material.
    0:06:34 – I know that rats are extraordinarily fertile.
    0:06:36 They have really short gestation.
    0:06:37 They have a lot of pups.
    0:06:39 Do you know if maybe your car was also
    0:06:41 a rat baby hospital as well?
    0:06:43 – I don’t know, but it may have been,
    0:06:44 which is, you know, kind of cute.
    0:06:51 – Zkello had never thought deeply about rats
    0:06:53 until they moved into her car.
    0:06:56 And even then, her attitude was relaxed.
    0:06:58 She wasn’t strongly anti-rat,
    0:07:01 nor did she find a reason to become pro-rat.
    0:07:04 But soon after the car incident, things changed.
    0:07:05 – Yeah.
    0:07:08 So I inherited rats from a family member
    0:07:11 who moved to a building that could no longer have pets.
    0:07:15 The rats were already, I believe, 18 months old.
    0:07:17 I felt the same way most people would feel.
    0:07:19 They’re like, oh, no way kind of thing.
    0:07:20 Like, oh my gosh, their tails.
    0:07:23 Everyone’s so upset about their tails
    0:07:24 because they’re so gross.
    0:07:28 But, you know, then I warmed to them over time.
    0:07:30 Eventually, because you’re feeding it,
    0:07:32 because it’s a little bit lovely,
    0:07:34 then you end up feeling some warmth towards it.
    0:07:37 – What kind of rats were your pet rats?
    0:07:38 – They were two different breeds.
    0:07:41 One was agouti, and that was sort of silver-colored.
    0:07:43 The other was a hooded rat,
    0:07:45 which was white with just a little bit of black
    0:07:47 on their head and striped down their back.
    0:07:49 – Can I have some names, please?
    0:07:52 – One was named Sylvie, and the other was Pele.
    0:07:53 They were both males.
    0:07:56 – So you didn’t have any breeding, obviously.
    0:07:58 – Correct, no offspring.
    0:08:00 You know, they were fun to watch.
    0:08:02 They were interactive.
    0:08:04 They eat a lot of different things.
    0:08:09 We had some fun feeding them the circular corn chips.
    0:08:10 They would take the corn chip
    0:08:12 like you would a steering wheel of a car
    0:08:16 and turn it around and eat it around the edges.
    0:08:18 One thing I noticed about the two pet rats
    0:08:20 is that they had different personalities
    0:08:21 from one another.
    0:08:22 Sylvie was much more bold,
    0:08:25 and Pele was much more cryptic.
    0:08:27 They ate food in different ways.
    0:08:29 Pele would take the food and go into this little hidey box,
    0:08:33 and Sylvie would just unabashedly eat the food
    0:08:34 out there in front of you.
    0:08:36 – Do they vocalize?
    0:08:37 – They did, not a lot.
    0:08:39 Technically, rats do vocalize.
    0:08:41 – It was only when they were socializing with each other
    0:08:43 would they vocalize when they were hanging with you?
    0:08:45 – Only when we were socializing with each other.
    0:08:47 They were not super vocal that I heard.
    0:08:49 And I think there are sounds we can hear.
    0:08:52 – Can you imitate the sounds that you did hear?
    0:08:55 – I don’t know about that.
    0:08:58 Is it like a squeaking kind of thing?
    0:09:01 – Yes, very, very light squeaking.
    0:09:03 Not like long vocalizations.
    0:09:05 They were not singing.
    0:09:07 There’s been some research showing that rats can laugh
    0:09:08 when they’re tickled.
    0:09:11 Those are things that you can’t hear with the human ear,
    0:09:12 though there were special recordings
    0:09:14 that were showing that.
    0:09:16 – Here’s what those special recordings sound like.
    0:09:24 – They also were very responsive to all of the sounds
    0:09:26 in the environment, in the apartment,
    0:09:28 things like the coffee grinder.
    0:09:29 I was noticing that the hooded rat
    0:09:32 was really stressed out when I was grinding coffee.
    0:09:33 – So what would you do about that?
    0:09:35 – I mean, I couldn’t do anything.
    0:09:37 I had no room to move them
    0:09:39 and I couldn’t stop drinking coffee.
    0:09:41 – Did you take your grinder into the bathroom
    0:09:43 or a closet or something?
    0:09:44 – No, no.
    0:09:48 I just noted it and continued on with the grinding.
    0:09:51 You know, their sensory systems are so acute.
    0:09:52 Obviously, their olfaction,
    0:09:54 their sense of smell is really good.
    0:09:55 Their hearing is really good
    0:09:58 and they seem very sensitive to things in their environment.
    0:10:03 It did also make me think about the rats in New York City.
    0:10:04 There aren’t a lot of studies
    0:10:07 about the behavior of wild rats
    0:10:10 from the perspective of the rats.
    0:10:11 One of the things I thought about
    0:10:14 after having the pet rats is that I wonder
    0:10:17 if the rats in New York City are very, very stressed.
    0:10:19 They like to be underground.
    0:10:21 When you see them skittering across the sidewalk,
    0:10:23 it stresses you out,
    0:10:26 but I’m pretty sure that they’re also highly stressed.
    0:10:29 – Is it possible that one partial solution
    0:10:32 to the infestation of wild rats in a city like New York
    0:10:36 would be the widespread embrace of pet rats?
    0:10:39 – I don’t know about the widespread embrace of pet rats,
    0:10:42 but I think the rats are in New York.
    0:10:44 I think that she should have a pet rat.
    0:10:47 If you want to control them or if you want to love them,
    0:10:49 you have to know about them.
    0:10:51 (gentle music)
    0:10:54 (gentle music)
    0:10:56 I first came across Julia Zichello
    0:10:57 when I read a piece she wrote
    0:11:01 for a hyper-local news site called The West Side Rag.
    0:11:04 If you live on the Upper West Side and don’t read The Rag,
    0:11:06 well, I don’t even know what to say.
    0:11:10 Here is the first line of Zichello’s piece.
    0:11:13 Almost a year has passed and I can finally write about it.
    0:11:16 – So they both passed away, sadly.
    0:11:18 One of the things that happened towards the end of their life,
    0:11:21 which also is something that’s relevant to all rats,
    0:11:23 is that they aged so quickly
    0:11:26 and they started to show signs of aging,
    0:11:29 like being hunched over, losing body fat.
    0:11:32 One month in a rat’s life is equal to three years
    0:11:34 in human years.
    0:11:36 People know this because there’s a lot of people,
    0:11:37 obviously who use rats in the lab,
    0:11:41 trying to study aging and trying to make that equivalent.
    0:11:43 So they aged very rapidly.
    0:11:46 We don’t really exactly know why they died.
    0:11:49 They didn’t show any signs of disease that we could see,
    0:11:52 but one of the things that happened that was very sad
    0:11:54 is that Sylvie died first
    0:11:57 and then for Pele, he was alone.
    0:12:01 So we bought him a little toy that was the shape of a rat
    0:12:03 because I knew that he would be lonely.
    0:12:05 It was a cat toy.
    0:12:07 He was not interested in the cat toy
    0:12:09 and then he died less than a week later.
    0:12:12 This is typical of rats because they’re so social
    0:12:14 and they really like to have other rats around.
    0:12:18 – So Pele died, you think of heartbreak, essentially?
    0:12:19 – I think maybe, yeah.
    0:12:22 We knew that the lifespan of domestic rats
    0:12:25 is around two years and they were two and a half years old.
    0:12:27 So, you know, they lived a good life.
    0:12:30 We certainly appreciated them and learned a lot.
    0:12:33 – I wanna read a couple sentences from the piece you wrote.
    0:12:35 I regularly walk the Upper West Side
    0:12:38 and spot swashbuckling rats at all hours,
    0:12:41 but other times I find them squashed.
    0:12:44 I don’t exactly feel sad about the dead rats,
    0:12:46 but I also don’t feel nothing.
    0:12:49 The dead rats make me think about life, death,
    0:12:53 and somewhere stuffed between the pavement and the pellage.
    0:12:56 I guess pellage is the fur of the rat, yes?
    0:12:57 – Correct, yeah.
    0:12:59 – There is something about love in there too.
    0:13:02 Can you say more about that love?
    0:13:06 – I will never see a squashed rat in New York City again
    0:13:09 and not think about our pet rats.
    0:13:10 I know that they are different.
    0:13:13 The rats in the wild are more aggressive.
    0:13:16 It wouldn’t be the same thing as the pet rats
    0:13:17 that I experienced.
    0:13:20 But I mean, of course you’d think about your pet.
    0:13:22 – Are you going to replace them?
    0:13:23 Maybe that’s unfair to say.
    0:13:25 Are you going to get more rats?
    0:13:27 – Definitely not.
    0:13:29 I’m definitely not getting pet rats again.
    0:13:30 – Because why?
    0:13:31 – It’s too heartbreaking.
    0:13:32 Their lifespan is too short
    0:13:35 and the relationship between their charm
    0:13:38 and their lifespan is too asymmetrical.
    0:13:45 – Julia Zichello, as a scientist living in New York,
    0:13:47 is by now familiar with what you might call
    0:13:49 the three main categories of rat.
    0:13:51 The wild ones who live on the streets,
    0:13:54 the domesticated ones who live in your home,
    0:13:59 and the rats that are bred to live and die in research labs.
    0:14:02 – There are many studies across neuroscience
    0:14:05 and pharmaceuticals and psychology
    0:14:08 that used rats for decades.
    0:14:10 The rats that are lab rats
    0:14:14 are more genetically homogenous than wild rats.
    0:14:18 Rats and humans shared a common ancestor 90 million years ago.
    0:14:20 That’s not super close,
    0:14:23 but it’s close enough to have revealed things
    0:14:26 about the brain and behavior and genetics
    0:14:29 that have ultimately helped humans.
    0:14:31 So I wonder about how many people
    0:14:32 have technically been helped by that
    0:14:35 versus the number of people who have been harmed
    0:14:38 by diseases they may have acquired from a rat.
    0:14:40 – What was the common ancestor?
    0:14:42 – The common ancestor was an animal
    0:14:44 that lived in the late Cretaceous
    0:14:47 around the time of the dinosaurs.
    0:14:48 There’s not a specific name,
    0:14:51 but we use genetics to understand
    0:14:54 how far back these common ancestors lived.
    0:14:57 The anatomy and behavior of that common ancestor
    0:15:01 was much more rat-like than it is human-like.
    0:15:03 They were likely nocturnal.
    0:15:06 Some of them may have been insectivores,
    0:15:07 and their basic anatomy
    0:15:09 was much more rat-like than humans.
    0:15:11 – For all the parallels there may be
    0:15:13 between a rodent like a rat and humans,
    0:15:18 one gigantic difference is fertility and lifespan.
    0:15:21 Is that meaningful in any significant way to us?
    0:15:25 – Yeah, so that makes rats good model organisms
    0:15:27 because you can have many offspring
    0:15:30 within your human life as a scientist studying them.
    0:15:32 So you can see how things translate
    0:15:34 from one generation to the next.
    0:15:38 One rat female can have up to 72 pups per year.
    0:15:41 And if we think about a rat pair,
    0:15:43 so a male and a female,
    0:15:45 and you think about them having offspring
    0:15:47 and those offspring having offspring,
    0:15:51 within one year there can be like 1,200 rats born
    0:15:53 just from that pair.
    0:15:55 From the perspective of controlling rats in the wild,
    0:15:56 that’s a problem,
    0:15:59 but from the perspective of using rats in the lab,
    0:16:00 that’s a virtue.
    0:16:05 – Coming up after the break,
    0:16:08 what other virtues does the lab rat have?
    0:16:10 – If you want an animal to press a lever
    0:16:12 and receive a drug,
    0:16:15 a rat is generally the better choice.
    0:16:18 – And how did the rat become a lab animal in the first place?
    0:16:19 I’m Stephen Dovner,
    0:16:22 this is Freakonomics Radio, we’ll be right back.
    0:16:34 In one recent year,
    0:16:37 the market for laboratory rats in the US
    0:16:39 was estimated at one and a half billion dollars.
    0:16:42 And that number is expected to rise
    0:16:45 as biomedical research keeps expanding.
    0:16:48 The cost of a lab rat can range from around $25 a piece
    0:16:50 to a few thousand dollars
    0:16:54 for a specially bred or genetically engineered specimen.
    0:16:56 But as many lab rats as there are,
    0:17:00 they are outnumbered by lab mice.
    0:17:01 – Oh, they’re cheaper, they’re smaller.
    0:17:03 – That is Bethany Brookshire.
    0:17:05 We heard from her in part one of this series,
    0:17:08 she’s the author of a book called “Pests,
    0:17:11 How Humans Create Animal Villains”.
    0:17:14 – Especially now with the advent of CRISPR technologies
    0:17:19 that allow us to alter adult genetics and fetal genetics.
    0:17:21 We established that first in mice,
    0:17:23 we can do it in rats now,
    0:17:25 but it’s very, very well established in mice.
    0:17:27 And so that really took off.
    0:17:30 – Are there research projects or experiments
    0:17:33 for which rats are prima facia better than mice?
    0:17:34 – Yes. (laughs)
    0:17:37 In my experience, rats are better
    0:17:40 for self-administration of drugs.
    0:17:44 So if you want an animal to press a lever and receive a drug,
    0:17:48 a rat is generally the better choice because of size,
    0:17:49 because mice are so small,
    0:17:52 it’s really hard to make a lever that they can press.
    0:17:54 Well. (laughs)
    0:17:56 – I thought you were gonna say that mice,
    0:17:58 their hands are too small to hold a joint
    0:17:59 and that rats somehow.
    0:18:01 – If you could teach them to roll joints,
    0:18:04 I imagine that the mice would just roll a smaller one.
    0:18:07 (gentle music)
    0:18:08 Before she was a science writer,
    0:18:10 Brookshire was a practicing scientist
    0:18:12 at the Wake Forest School of Medicine,
    0:18:16 where she got a PhD in physiology and pharmacology.
    0:18:20 – I studied primarily drugs of abuse in graduate school
    0:18:23 and then I studied antidepressants for my postdoc.
    0:18:25 – What were some drugs that you were giving to mice and rats?
    0:18:29 – Ritalin, cocaine, methamphetamine, ecstasy,
    0:18:32 alcohol, Prozac.
    0:18:34 If you wanna be really nerdy about it,
    0:18:36 I studied the dopamine serotonodic interactions
    0:18:37 in the ventral tegmental area,
    0:18:40 nucleus accompaniment circuit of the mouse brain.
    0:18:42 – That was gonna be my guess, but you know.
    0:18:45 – Yeah, so I was interested in drugs
    0:18:48 that primarily targeted dopaminergic systems.
    0:18:50 – And what were you looking for?
    0:18:54 – I was interested in chronic high dose administration
    0:18:57 of methylphenidate, which is Ritalin.
    0:19:01 Humans, we give people Ritalin starting at very young ages.
    0:19:04 So I was very interested in what chronic exposure
    0:19:08 to these drugs means for the brain as you get older.
    0:19:13 Does it make you more or less susceptible to drug addiction?
    0:19:14 – And what’d you learn?
    0:19:16 – It’s tough to say.
    0:19:20 I did show that in some animals,
    0:19:24 you get tolerance to other drugs that are similar.
    0:19:26 In some, you get sensitization.
    0:19:29 So they’re more sensitive to the effects.
    0:19:31 You also get transferral.
    0:19:34 So different drugs that don’t necessarily
    0:19:38 primarily hit that pathway will begin to hit that pathway.
    0:19:41 – I’ve read that the mouse or rat model in research
    0:19:44 can be really fruitful for certain kinds of research,
    0:19:46 but unfruitful for others.
    0:19:47 What can you tell me about that?
    0:19:49 – I can say that, for example,
    0:19:51 in the area where I was looking,
    0:19:53 which is a group of structures
    0:19:54 that we call the basal ganglia,
    0:19:57 there’s a lot of similarity between basal ganglias
    0:20:01 across all mammals, heck, across like reptiles.
    0:20:03 It’s when you get into kind of higher order stuff
    0:20:06 that things get more different.
    0:20:08 Certainly there are drastic differences
    0:20:10 in things like the immune system,
    0:20:13 but I do strongly feel that rats and mice
    0:20:16 are really essential to our understanding
    0:20:18 of the human body and the human brain.
    0:20:20 – What are the other things that make mice and rats
    0:20:24 still really popular subjects of this kind of research?
    0:20:28 Is it that they’re available, cheap, docile,
    0:20:31 that they breed quickly, that they respond quickly?
    0:20:36 – Mice and rats have become very popular research animals
    0:20:39 in part because they were actually sold that way.
    0:20:43 C.C. Little, who founded the Jackson Laboratory in Maine,
    0:20:45 which is one of the world’s biggest purveyors
    0:20:47 of mice for scientific purposes,
    0:20:51 he wrote a piece in Scientific American,
    0:20:54 selling the mouse as a lab animal to the public.
    0:20:57 The opening line was, “Do you like mice?
    0:20:58 Of course you don’t.”
    0:21:01 He basically said, “Mice are awful and we hate them,
    0:21:03 but they could be heroes of medicine.”
    0:21:05 – Wow.
    0:21:08 – It can be a replacement for other animals
    0:21:09 that we are currently using.
    0:21:13 At that time, dogs were a really big research animal.
    0:21:17 He proposed mice as being, you know, cheaper, faster.
    0:21:19 They do have all of those things.
    0:21:24 We have amazing abilities to alter their genetics now.
    0:21:27 But all of that stems from the fact
    0:21:32 that we consider them pests, we consider them expendable.
    0:21:35 – And how do you feel about that as a human?
    0:21:36 – It’s complicated.
    0:21:39 – Says the woman who, as a scientist,
    0:21:42 did her share of rat and mouse experiments.
    0:21:43 – Sure did.
    0:21:45 – And I’m guessing a bunch of them died
    0:21:46 in the process of that, yes?
    0:21:48 – Yes, hundreds.
    0:21:51 And I feel bad about it.
    0:21:55 At the same time, you know, they worked really hard for me.
    0:21:56 They worked hard for me.
    0:21:58 I liked working with them.
    0:22:00 Rats are much sweeter than mice, by the way.
    0:22:02 If you’re gonna have one as a pet, have a rat.
    0:22:04 Mice I like because mice are honest.
    0:22:06 Mice don’t like you.
    0:22:08 They’re never gonna like you.
    0:22:09 Rats like you.
    0:22:11 You pick one up and after a while,
    0:22:13 they snuggle into you.
    0:22:16 They’ll like snuggle in your armpit or your elbow
    0:22:18 or they’ll get on your neck.
    0:22:20 They’re sweet and they’re smart.
    0:22:22 They make great pets, honestly.
    0:22:24 – Okay, for the record, I’m looking here
    0:22:25 at your author photo where you’re looking
    0:22:28 like a regular human, right?
    0:22:30 Dressed nicely, standing in a nice place,
    0:22:33 but then you’ve got this rat kind of curled,
    0:22:35 not even curled up, like luxuriating
    0:22:37 in the crook of your arm.
    0:22:39 – Yeah, that’s magrat is her name.
    0:22:42 And she is not mine.
    0:22:43 And sadly, she has since passed away
    0:22:45 because rats don’t live very long,
    0:22:48 but she was a wonderful model.
    0:22:50 She did not pee on me the entire time.
    0:22:51 I was shocked.
    0:22:56 – This kind of affection toward the rat,
    0:22:59 expressed here by Brookshire and earlier
    0:23:02 by Julia Zichello, would seem to be rare.
    0:23:06 Anti-rat sentiment is widespread and it is vocal.
    0:23:09 Let’s not forget, New York Mayor Eric Adams
    0:23:12 calls rats public enemy number one.
    0:23:14 But there are other voices out there
    0:23:16 and other sentiments.
    0:23:19 A researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands
    0:23:22 named Koon Boomer published a paper called
    0:23:24 Catching the Rat, in which he examines
    0:23:27 the portrayal of rats in 20th century novels,
    0:23:30 movies, comics, and more.
    0:23:32 In this analysis, Boomer found an extraordinarily
    0:23:36 diverse spectrum of human rat relations.
    0:23:38 He argues that for many people,
    0:23:42 rats are no longer seen chiefly as villains.
    0:23:44 And here’s Bethany Brookshire again.
    0:23:46 – I absolutely think the way we see animals
    0:23:49 in media can strongly affect our perception.
    0:23:53 I’ve been able to learn from my own research
    0:23:56 that rats are absolutely not public enemy
    0:23:57 number one everywhere.
    0:23:59 – You may remember the story that Brookshire told us
    0:24:02 in part one of this series about the temple in India
    0:24:04 where rats are worshiped.
    0:24:09 – They don’t have to be the villain that we see them as.
    0:24:10 They could be something else.
    0:24:15 And the good news is that humans can change their minds.
    0:24:16 We do it all the time.
    0:24:17 So we could do it with rats too.
    0:24:21 I love the movie Ratatouille.
    0:24:25 I love that movie ’cause not only do I like rats,
    0:24:26 I love food.
    0:24:29 I’ve never yet been able to make that picture perfect
    0:24:31 Ratatouille that Remy makes.
    0:24:33 It never looks that good.
    0:24:37 – Coming up, we go back to Jan Pinkova
    0:24:41 to find out the real mission of the film Ratatouille.
    0:24:43 – Really to help us get along with each other.
    0:24:44 I’m Stephen Dubner.
    0:24:46 This is Freakonomics Radio.
    0:24:47 We’ll be right back.
    0:25:05 – When the film Ratatouille was released in 2007,
    0:25:09 the New York Times critic Ayo Scott described it like this,
    0:25:12 a nearly flawless piece of popular art
    0:25:14 as well as one of the most persuasive portraits
    0:25:17 of an artist ever committed to film.
    0:25:20 The screenwriter and director was Brad Bird,
    0:25:22 who a few years earlier had made The Incredibles.
    0:25:25 Bird was also one of three people credited
    0:25:26 with original story.
    0:25:29 The other two were Jim Capobianco
    0:25:33 and the man we met earlier, Jan Pinkova.
    0:25:35 – I came up with the original idea
    0:25:38 and wrote a treatment, came up with the name Ratatouille
    0:25:40 and the basic bones and outlines
    0:25:42 of the concept and the story.
    0:25:45 And then co-wrote a script with Jim Capobianco
    0:25:47 and there were many versions of the script
    0:25:50 with various people on the way, as is always the case.
    0:25:53 And we began developing the movie.
    0:25:56 – Pinkova was born in what was then Czechoslovakia.
    0:25:58 But after the Soviet invasion of 1968,
    0:26:00 his family moved to England.
    0:26:01 He was six years old.
    0:26:04 He was interested in film from early on.
    0:26:07 When he was 12, he got an eight millimeter camera
    0:26:08 for Christmas.
    0:26:11 He won a national competition for young filmmakers
    0:26:13 run by the BBC.
    0:26:16 He was good at finding ideas in unusual places.
    0:26:20 For instance, watching his grandfather play chess
    0:26:22 by himself.
    0:26:24 – His name was Tony Antonin.
    0:26:26 And he was a very serious man.
    0:26:28 He was the first of 10 children,
    0:26:30 the son of a village cobbler.
    0:26:32 And he had perfect grades at school.
    0:26:35 He was an engineer who designed
    0:26:38 railway engine braking systems.
    0:26:40 He was a man who had a hard life.
    0:26:42 When he did something, he did it seriously.
    0:26:44 So when he played chess,
    0:26:48 he would take as long as it took to make the next move.
    0:26:50 And that’s how he won a lot of games
    0:26:52 by boring the other side to death.
    0:26:53 But when he was playing with himself,
    0:26:55 he would just stare at the board
    0:26:57 and just keep on thinking and thinking
    0:26:59 and thinking as far and deeply as he could
    0:27:01 until he could make the move.
    0:27:04 He wanted, and then he turned the board around.
    0:27:08 And then he did it again and yeah, it took a while.
    0:27:11 – Jan Pinkova studied computer science as an undergraduate
    0:27:13 and he got a PhD in robotics.
    0:27:17 This led to a career as a computer animator.
    0:27:21 And in 1993, he landed a job at Pixar.
    0:27:23 They were then starting pre-production on Toy Story
    0:27:27 and Pinkova was assigned to the commercials group.
    0:27:30 After a few years, he made an animated short
    0:27:33 called Jerry’s Game about an old man
    0:27:35 who plays chess against himself.
    0:27:39 Jerry’s Game earned Pinkova an Academy Award
    0:27:41 and a chance to pitch a feature film
    0:27:44 to the Pixar brain trust.
    0:27:46 – I’m pitching to John Lasseter and Andrew Stanton
    0:27:49 and Pete Docter and Joe Ranff, the head of Story
    0:27:52 and Ed Catmull, the head of the studio.
    0:27:55 These are just the early concepts for a film.
    0:27:58 One of the ideas was, oh, this is a story
    0:28:00 about a rat who wants to become a chef.
    0:28:03 Everyone laughs, everyone gets it.
    0:28:04 You’re sold.
    0:28:06 – The idea had come to him at home
    0:28:08 while he and his wife were in the kitchen.
    0:28:11 – You know, how can a rat become a chef?
    0:28:13 You can immediately see the central problem
    0:28:15 of the story right there.
    0:28:18 It is obviously a disaster
    0:28:21 and it’s gonna be funny if you can make it work.
    0:28:25 – But the making it work part would be difficult.
    0:28:27 – We were developing this film for quite a while.
    0:28:29 You’re working on story.
    0:28:31 You’re working on designs, characters,
    0:28:33 scenes, environments and so on.
    0:28:37 We did several versions of the story reel.
    0:28:41 Story reel is drawings edited with sound and music
    0:28:44 to basically be a movie you can watch
    0:28:45 in the form of drawings.
    0:28:48 That’s how an animated film is prototyped.
    0:28:51 It’s a way of making the movie before you’ve made the movie
    0:28:56 because in animation, you do not want to cut animation out.
    0:29:01 – Just because it’s so time intensive and expensive, yes?
    0:29:04 – Yeah, and because you’re creating everything,
    0:29:08 you’re making a whole world come to life artificially.
    0:29:11 Every blade of grass, every gesture of the character,
    0:29:13 somebody has put a lot of work into it.
    0:29:15 This film had a longer gestation period.
    0:29:18 By the time it was made, it was six years into it.
    0:29:19 – So what happened then?
    0:29:21 I mean, I know the end of the story,
    0:29:23 but just give me the shortish version
    0:29:25 of what happened over the next couple of years
    0:29:28 between the full prototype, let’s say,
    0:29:29 and the film being released.
    0:29:32 – We worked on it, had a bunch of versions.
    0:29:34 In making a movie like that, it goes up and down,
    0:29:36 you’re continually changing.
    0:29:39 One of the wonderful things that everyone should remember
    0:29:41 and understand is that Pixar didn’t happen
    0:29:43 because of computer graphics.
    0:29:46 Pixar happened because of story.
    0:29:48 At least half the effort on any one of these movies,
    0:29:51 at least half is story, story, story, story,
    0:29:53 and making sure that the thing that’s being made
    0:29:56 is an appealing, engaging story with characters
    0:29:59 that you care about that really make sense to an audience.
    0:30:02 We’ve got into the character development
    0:30:04 and the designs and the environments,
    0:30:05 the kitchen being in Paris and so on.
    0:30:09 And it involved also some fabulous experiences of research.
    0:30:11 That’s a thing that Pixar was famous for,
    0:30:14 getting in-depth research to feed the process
    0:30:16 of making the movie authentic.
    0:30:18 We ended up going twice to Paris to dine
    0:30:21 in the finest restaurants and meet with the chefs.
    0:30:23 The artist has to suffer, right?
    0:30:25 So you have to do your work.
    0:30:27 – Was there rat research as well?
    0:30:28 – Yeah, there was rat research.
    0:30:31 – Was that something that you were personally involved in
    0:30:33 or were you having researchers feed you information?
    0:30:35 And what was the information?
    0:30:38 Was it the biology, the history, the personality of rats?
    0:30:40 – We spoke to a bunch of people
    0:30:43 with different attitudes to rats, for instance.
    0:30:45 I remember the national president of the Rat Fancy
    0:30:47 as Association of the United States,
    0:30:50 the people who like to keep rats as pets.
    0:30:51 She was wonderful.
    0:30:53 She was really insightful and knowledgeable
    0:30:57 about who rats are as characters, real rats.
    0:30:59 One of the lovely things she told us was,
    0:31:02 there’s the old cliche that dogs look up to you
    0:31:05 and cats look down on you.
    0:31:07 If you have a rat as a pet,
    0:31:09 that’s a peer-to-peer relationship.
    0:31:10 A rat looks you in the eye
    0:31:13 and doesn’t feel inferior or superior.
    0:31:15 It’s just, you are like me.
    0:31:16 I’m like you.
    0:31:17 – That’s so interesting.
    0:31:19 Do you believe that to be true?
    0:31:24 – I, you know, she certainly has that expertise.
    0:31:27 One of the things that makes it believable to me
    0:31:32 is that in the history of organized human life,
    0:31:35 rats have been right there with us all along, you know.
    0:31:37 – What else did you learn about rats?
    0:31:40 – Biologically, they have some interesting traits
    0:31:42 like rats are incontinent.
    0:31:45 They don’t know when to not do it.
    0:31:48 That’s just being a rat, right?
    0:31:50 You poop and pee whenever.
    0:31:52 So actually keeping a real rat on your head
    0:31:54 would not be such a good idea.
    0:31:58 – Okay, and that was a piece of real rat biology
    0:32:00 you chose to not include in the film.
    0:32:03 – And no, no, I didn’t seem to have a good story point there
    0:32:05 for our main character, the guy in the kitchen
    0:32:08 doing the cooking to be doing that too much.
    0:32:11 – What’s it like to see a film like this
    0:32:14 have such great success knowing that you gave birth to it
    0:32:16 and you raised it, but weren’t around to,
    0:32:19 let’s say, see it graduate.
    0:32:20 – I was around a long part of the way,
    0:32:22 not right to the very end,
    0:32:25 and that’s normal for the film industry.
    0:32:27 I was a first time feature director
    0:32:30 coming up with an idea and getting it made,
    0:32:33 which in the grand scheme of things is a pretty great result.
    0:32:36 And I have tremendous respect for Brad,
    0:32:38 but as a writer and director.
    0:32:40 And he took great pains when it was time
    0:32:42 to take over to talk to me and the crew
    0:32:44 and especially to sit down and listen
    0:32:46 to what my intentions had been,
    0:32:49 making the story and what I was hoping for
    0:32:52 and to really understand where the whole thing came from
    0:32:55 and what it meant so that he could then take it his way,
    0:32:57 which you have to do as a director.
    0:33:00 So overall, I’m really very happy and grateful
    0:33:03 that it turned out to be such a successful movie.
    0:33:07 – Pink of a left Pixar soon after
    0:33:11 and he worked on a few other features and shorts,
    0:33:14 but none have achieved as much acclaim or prestige
    0:33:18 as Ratatouille or the other projects he worked on at Pixar.
    0:33:21 And where is Jan Pinkova today?
    0:33:23 – I’m now here in Germany of all places
    0:33:26 at the Film Academy Baden-Württemberg
    0:33:28 in the Animation Institute.
    0:33:30 – What is the primary mission?
    0:33:31 Is it education?
    0:33:32 Is it outreach?
    0:33:34 – It’s filmmaking.
    0:33:36 It’s very much learning by doing it.
    0:33:38 It’s about let’s make movies
    0:33:41 and fail miserably sometimes and succeed wonderfully sometimes.
    0:33:44 There’s very little sitting and cogitating
    0:33:46 and theorizing and philosophizing.
    0:33:49 It’s about practical doing and a lot about working together
    0:33:51 ’cause the bigger the project,
    0:33:54 the more of a team sport filmmaking is.
    0:33:57 – This reminds me of hearing Werner Herzog talk
    0:34:00 not that long ago about when he was in film school.
    0:34:02 And mostly he just stole cameras
    0:34:04 from school and went out and shot.
    0:34:05 – Yeah, yeah, he did.
    0:34:07 If you’ve got to do it, you’ve got to do it.
    0:34:09 You’ll figure out a way somehow.
    0:34:12 I’ve heard you speak about the mission of filmmaking
    0:34:13 and storytelling generally,
    0:34:16 which is to give people not just an opportunity
    0:34:18 to be engaged and entertained,
    0:34:21 but an opportunity to change their perspective on something.
    0:34:24 When you began thinking about and writing Ratatouille,
    0:34:28 what perspective were you thinking about changing?
    0:34:30 – Really to help us get along with each other.
    0:34:34 There are lots of beautiful examples of stories like this.
    0:34:35 Billy Elliot, for instance,
    0:34:40 that’s about a minor son in 1980s strike-ridden Northern England
    0:34:43 who has to figure out how to be a ballet dancer,
    0:34:44 which is the most unmanly thing
    0:34:47 he can possibly be doing in the middle of this.
    0:34:50 So in a way, Ratatouille is like ballet dancing with Nazis.
    0:34:52 We’re not only doing the thing you’re not supposed to be doing,
    0:34:54 you’re doing it with people who are ready to kill you
    0:34:55 as soon as they see you.
    0:34:59 I was immediately drawn to the character of Remy
    0:35:02 as stuck between these two worlds.
    0:35:05 He’s going somewhere where he cannot possibly be.
    0:35:08 The kitchen where everyone just from the get-go
    0:35:10 hates him, will kill him.
    0:35:14 And on the other side, he’s betraying his people, his family.
    0:35:15 He wants to work with the enemy,
    0:35:18 with the people who will kill us if they see us.
    0:35:21 So he’s stuck there on his own.
    0:35:24 Ratatouille is an idea, as a story, it’s an allegory.
    0:35:25 What’s it about really?
    0:35:29 It’s not about rats and cooking, it’s about prejudice.
    0:35:33 It’s about overcoming the limitations imposed on you
    0:35:38 by misrepresentation, by misunderstanding.
    0:35:41 It’s about racism, sexism, everything,
    0:35:43 all those different forms of prejudice
    0:35:46 in the form of a rat cooking story.
    0:35:49 I didn’t think about the Nazis
    0:35:52 until the scenes well along in the film
    0:35:55 after Remy gets reunited with his family
    0:35:57 and his rat tribe in the sewers.
    0:36:00 And then later, he gets lost on the streets of Paris
    0:36:03 and he runs into some humans who plainly hate rats.
    0:36:04 They scream when they see him.
    0:36:06 They literally kick him to the curb
    0:36:09 and he’s made to feel disgusting, dirty, worthless,
    0:36:11 et cetera, et cetera.
    0:36:15 That was the first time that the allegory really hit me.
    0:36:17 I’m curious, when you grow up in Europe, as you did,
    0:36:20 you have a different relationship to the war plainly
    0:36:22 than Americans do and a different relationship
    0:36:23 to Germany and Nazism.
    0:36:25 It’s interesting that you’re now living in Germany,
    0:36:26 obviously, so much has changed.
    0:36:31 But I am curious about the way Remy in that moment
    0:36:34 was seen as an outcast, as dirty, as ruinous.
    0:36:38 – Well, it’s always been a slur to call someone a rat.
    0:36:42 That’s an epithet that’s used to paint them as the other,
    0:36:45 the thing that you should hate and kill and push away.
    0:36:47 Any story that sees the world
    0:36:51 from the perspective of the shunned and the hated,
    0:36:53 hopefully gives us an opportunity
    0:36:56 to open up our feelings for each other.
    0:36:59 – And Remy tries to convince his father
    0:37:01 that the course of events can change.
    0:37:02 The course of events, in this case,
    0:37:05 being rat relations with humans.
    0:37:06 In your film, it’s hard to say
    0:37:08 whether the rats hate the humans more,
    0:37:10 the humans hate the rats more.
    0:37:11 It’s intense on both sides.
    0:37:14 And the father argues that, you know,
    0:37:16 son, nature is nature.
    0:37:18 What were you going for there?
    0:37:21 – Well, Django, the father, he has a point, right?
    0:37:24 Everything the world tells him is he’s right.
    0:37:26 There’s no arguing against him.
    0:37:26 Remy gets it.
    0:37:30 And you hope that the whole thing adds up to that moment
    0:37:34 when Remy finally has to come out,
    0:37:37 reveal himself as the cooking rat,
    0:37:41 step off that ledge with no one to catch him,
    0:37:44 and take that ultimate risk with the risk of his own life.
    0:37:47 It’s a real crisis, so life or death choice.
    0:37:49 And he chooses to be himself.
    0:37:52 And hopefully the story adds up to that feeling
    0:37:54 with the audience going,
    0:37:55 “What will happen?
    0:37:56 How will this go?”
    0:37:59 Because your job as a story writer
    0:38:01 is to get to that ending
    0:38:04 that really has to happen in the movie.
    0:38:05 There’s only one way to end it.
    0:38:08 He has to find a way to be himself.
    0:38:11 – Was your original ending, even if just in your head,
    0:38:14 as happy an ending as the film ultimately had?
    0:38:16 – Yeah, he ends up being able to cook.
    0:38:17 That was always gonna happen.
    0:38:19 – And interacting with humans.
    0:38:21 – Yeah, because there are some humans
    0:38:22 that he can interact with.
    0:38:24 The humans who care about cooking
    0:38:26 and who don’t care who’s doing the cooking
    0:38:28 because they recognize genius when they see it.
    0:38:32 What I do love is this dramatized contrast
    0:38:35 of the world’s attitudes to cooking in rats
    0:38:37 in one with Ego the critic.
    0:38:40 Brad did a fantastic thing of casting Petro Tool,
    0:38:41 which was one of his last roles
    0:38:43 and really a beautiful performance.
    0:38:46 And this whole zoom in to his childhood
    0:38:48 when he tastes the ratatouille.
    0:38:53 And suddenly this cold, cadaverous, disappointed critic
    0:38:57 whose entire career has been being judgmental.
    0:39:01 He’s returned to his early childhood
    0:39:04 in just one moment and we feel for him.
    0:39:07 – In that moment, it will remind many of us
    0:39:10 of that Proustian rush when Proust eats the Madeleine
    0:39:15 and his entire childhood life philosophy comes.
    0:39:19 It all comes rushing back to him
    0:39:24 and provokes this unbelievable examination of his own life.
    0:39:29 In your case, when Anton Ego tastes the ratatouille
    0:39:32 and has this reverie and trip back
    0:39:34 to a very different place in time for him,
    0:39:38 in that case, is the ratatouille the food itself
    0:39:40 an allegory as well or is it just food?
    0:39:42 – It’s love, isn’t it?
    0:39:43 – Mm. (laughs)
    0:39:46 – The scene, if you remember, he’s fallen off his bike
    0:39:49 and he’s a kid, he’s been crying, he’s had a bad time.
    0:39:54 And his mother serves him this simple peasant dish
    0:39:57 and through that shows her love for him.
    0:39:58 It’s love.
    0:40:09 So, the restaurant critic loves the ratatouille.
    0:40:12 The rat loves to cook.
    0:40:14 And Jan Pinkova loves to tell stories
    0:40:16 about the human condition,
    0:40:20 sometimes in the form of an animated rat.
    0:40:22 I asked him if he thinks ratatouille
    0:40:25 may have shifted the public’s perception of rats.
    0:40:29 – I hope it opens a door to just thinking differently
    0:40:32 about a species that you might otherwise just dismiss
    0:40:34 as a category.
    0:40:36 People wanna put rats on their head in their imagination.
    0:40:37 That’s something, right?
    0:40:40 That’s a door opening to another way of thinking.
    0:40:43 – I often wonder whether the demonization of the rat
    0:40:46 is a little bit random and/or driven
    0:40:49 by earlier pop culture references
    0:40:51 because I think about the mouse.
    0:40:53 We had Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse,
    0:40:58 whereas rats, we had Templeton from Charlotte’s Web,
    0:41:00 voiced by Paul Lynn, who is sinister.
    0:41:02 We had the film Willard.
    0:41:04 Rats are never the heroes.
    0:41:08 – Look, you put a mouse next to a rat and you go,
    0:41:10 okay, who’s the bad guy?
    0:41:13 It’s a fairly easy choice because
    0:41:14 the rat’s bigger, it’s scruffier,
    0:41:16 it’s got a longer nose,
    0:41:19 and it has that slightly disturbing bald tail.
    0:41:21 – But these are all cosmetic differences.
    0:41:22 – They are, they are.
    0:41:24 – None of them are about the soul or the mood
    0:41:26 or the abilities.
    0:41:27 – They are.
    0:41:29 Now, what is wrong with us that we judge by appearances?
    0:41:32 – That’s a big question, isn’t it, Jan?
    0:41:33 – Yeah.
    0:41:36 – I mean, do you have any solutions for that?
    0:41:37 – Exposure.
    0:41:40 You gotta see the thing that you judge
    0:41:44 as other early in life as just there, and it’s okay.
    0:41:49 – And what’s your personal feeling today about rats?
    0:41:53 – I think rats are a part of our life
    0:41:55 that we need to get used to.
    0:41:57 They are creatures in the world
    0:41:58 that have every right to be here.
    0:42:02 – Okay, we have to remind ourselves
    0:42:05 that Jan Pinkova’s view of the rat,
    0:42:09 despite all his research, is a fictional rat.
    0:42:11 Remy is a chef, after all,
    0:42:13 and none of the rats in Ratatouille
    0:42:16 seem bound by the rat’s real lifespan
    0:42:18 of just two or three years.
    0:42:22 But is Pinkova’s view of the rat any less realistic
    0:42:25 than New York Mayor Eric Adams’ view?
    0:42:28 He seems to see the rat as intentionally evil
    0:42:33 rather than as just another animal hustling to survive,
    0:42:38 much like New Yorkers hustle to survive and thrive.
    0:42:41 Neither of those views is very realistic.
    0:42:44 So what is a realistic view?
    0:42:48 Having now made these three episodes,
    0:42:49 I would put it this way.
    0:42:53 The rat is the animal no one loves until they do.
    0:42:59 So what’s your view of the rat?
    0:43:01 Let us know what you think about this series,
    0:43:04 “Sympathy for the Rat” or any of our episodes.
    0:43:08 You can reach us at radio@freakonomics.com.
    0:43:11 Big thanks to Jan Pinkova and everyone else
    0:43:12 who helped tell this story.
    0:43:16 Bethany Brookshire, Kathy Karate, Bobby Corrigan, Ed Glazer,
    0:43:19 Neal Stenseth, Robert Sullivan, Jessica Tish,
    0:43:21 Karen Wickerson and Julia Zichello.
    0:43:27 Coming up next time on the show.
    0:43:30 If you tally up our wins and losses,
    0:43:32 we have done better than prior administrations,
    0:43:34 even while taking bigger shots
    0:43:37 and putting together more ambitious cases.
    0:43:40 Lena Khan was just 32 years old
    0:43:41 when Joe Biden appointed her
    0:43:43 to lead the Federal Trade Commission.
    0:43:45 With Donald Trump back in the White House,
    0:43:49 Khan is gone, but Trump has let stand
    0:43:51 one of Khan’s signature achievements,
    0:43:53 an updated set of merger guidelines
    0:43:57 that is designed to modernize antitrust.
    0:43:59 Why would a new administration
    0:44:02 that seems to be reversing everything from the old one
    0:44:04 want to keep those guidelines?
    0:44:06 We’ll find out next time on the show.
    0:44:08 Until then, take care of yourself.
    0:44:11 And if you can, someone else too.
    0:44:14 Freakonomics Radio is produced by Stitcher and Renbud Radio.
    0:44:18 You can find our entire archive on any podcast app.
    0:44:20 It’s also at Freakonomics.com
    0:44:22 where we publish transcripts and show notes.
    0:44:25 This series was produced by Zak Lepinski
    0:44:27 with help from Dalvin Aboulagi.
    0:44:29 The Freakonomics Radio network staff
    0:44:31 also includes Alina Kulman, Augusta Chapman,
    0:44:33 Eleanor Osborne, Ellen Frankman,
    0:44:35 Elsa Hernandez, Gabriel Roth,
    0:44:36 Greg Rippin, Jasmine Klinger,
    0:44:38 Jeremy Johnston, John Schnarrs,
    0:44:42 Morgan Levy, Neil Coruth, Sarah Lilly, and Theo Jacobs.
    0:44:44 Our theme song is “Mr. Fortune”
    0:44:48 by the Hitchhikers and our composer is Luis Guerra.
    0:44:50 As always, thank you for listening.
    0:44:56 Can I say I’m not a snob?
    0:45:00 I think if you say that, that means you are.
    0:45:02 Yeah, that was bad. Can you cut that out for me?
    0:45:07 (telephone ringing)
    0:45:10 The Freakonomics Radio Network,
    0:45:11 the hidden side of everything.
    0:45:15 (upbeat music)
    0:45:16 Stitcher.
    0:45:18 you
    0:45:20 you

    To most people, the rat is vile and villainous. But not to everyone! We hear from a scientist who befriended rats and another who worked with them in the lab — and from the animator who made one the hero of a Pixar blockbuster. (Part three of a three-part series, “Sympathy for the Rat.”)

     

    • SOURCES:
      • Bethany Brookshire, author of Pests: How Humans Create Animal Villains
      • Jan Pinkava, creator and co-writer of “Ratatouille,” and director of the Animation Institute at the Film Academy Baden-Württemberg.
      • Julia Zichello, evolutionary biologist at Hunter College.

     

  • How Rory Vaden Helps Entrepreneurs Build Powerful Personal Brands

    AI transcript
    0:00:06 Today’s episode of YAP is sponsored in part by Rakuten, Factor, Robinhood, Airbnb, Shopify,
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    0:01:39 As always, you can find all of our incredible deals in the show notes or at youngandprofiting.com/deals.
    0:01:41 Hello Young and Profiters!
    0:01:46 Imagine learning how to turn stage fright into a magnetic stage presence to craft speeches
    0:01:50 that captivate your audience and build a brand that doesn’t just speak to people but
    0:01:52 speaks for them.
    0:01:57 Well, in this YAP Classic episode, we’re talking about brand building, public speaking,
    0:02:01 and so much more with one of the world’s leading communication and branding experts,
    0:02:03 Rory Vaden.
    0:02:07 Rory is the best-selling author of Take the Stairs and Procrastinate on Purpose and the
    0:02:10 co-founder of Brand to Builders Group.
    0:02:14 I spoke with Rory last year in episode 274 about how to build a personal brand that doesn’t
    0:02:19 just attract attention but commands trust and respect.
    0:02:22 Whether you’re an entrepreneur, a corporate leader, or just somebody looking to amplify
    0:02:27 your voice, this conversation will be a roadmap to mastering the psychology of influence.
    0:02:31 So let’s get started with Rory.
    0:02:35 Rory, welcome to Young and Profiting Podcast.
    0:02:36 Yes!
    0:02:38 I’m so excited.
    0:02:39 I’m so excited.
    0:02:43 I think you’re like my newest, coolest friend.
    0:02:44 Thank you for having me.
    0:02:45 I think the same.
    0:02:47 I’m really excited for this conversation.
    0:02:51 Great to bring some great energy to the conversation already.
    0:02:55 So, Rory, you are super well-known for actually building brands.
    0:02:59 But before you started building other people’s brands, you were, of course, building your
    0:03:00 own brand.
    0:03:02 And in the past, you said success is never owned.
    0:03:05 It’s rented, and the rent is due every day.
    0:03:08 So my first question to you is a softball.
    0:03:11 Do you still feel like success is never owned?
    0:03:15 Do you still feel that way today, like you’re renting your success, or do you feel like you’ve
    0:03:17 owned some of your success now?
    0:03:18 Not a good question.
    0:03:20 Also, you guys went into the backlogs.
    0:03:21 You did.
    0:03:22 Oh, we went to the backlogs.
    0:03:23 Rory paid in like the back catalog.
    0:03:27 So that was from Take the Stairs, which has been out over 10 years.
    0:03:28 So success is never owned.
    0:03:30 It’s rented, and the rent is due every day.
    0:03:32 I do still feel that way.
    0:03:36 I feel that way, and I feel like the people we work with exhibit that.
    0:03:37 You’re still hustling.
    0:03:38 I’m still hustling.
    0:03:44 Ed Milette, Lewis Howes, our clients, Amy Porterfield, these people are still hustling.
    0:03:47 Some people might look at them and go, “Oh, they’re at the top.
    0:03:48 Why are they hustling?”
    0:03:51 But they don’t look at it that way.
    0:03:58 They look at Jay Shetty and go, “Oh, they’re always pursuing somebody or the next level.”
    0:04:04 And the other thing about that, Hala, is if you take out that word success and you put
    0:04:10 in for it whatever really matters, financial security is never really owned.
    0:04:12 It’s rented, and the rent is due every day.
    0:04:17 If you start making stupid financial decisions, you can blow a lot of money quickly.
    0:04:20 Living in great physical health, certainly never owned.
    0:04:22 That’s rented, and the rent is due every day.
    0:04:26 A great marriage or a happy relationship, that doesn’t matter if you’ve been married
    0:04:27 20 years.
    0:04:34 If you don’t treat your spouse or significant other in the way that they deserve, 20 years
    0:04:40 can disappear in one moment or a few minutes of bad decisions.
    0:04:46 So I do agree with that, and I think I look at people like you constantly leveling up.
    0:04:50 You blew my mind when you came on my podcast, and I was just like, “Gosh, there’s such
    0:04:57 a next level for me in podcasting, and I got to do the work if I want the results.”
    0:05:02 So what a great question, and yes, I would emphatically say there are some things I’ve
    0:05:04 changed my mind on, but that’s not one of them.
    0:05:05 Success is never owned.
    0:05:07 It’s rented, and the rent is due every day.
    0:05:08 I loved that.
    0:05:11 I resonate with so much of what you’re saying, and I align with so much of what you’re saying.
    0:05:15 So when you actually wrote those words, like you said, that was decade ago now, you were
    0:05:19 in grad school, living in a crappy apartment.
    0:05:23 Can you tell us about that period of your life and how you ended up starting to speak?
    0:05:26 I really started even before that.
    0:05:31 So I was raised by a single mom, and my mom sold Mary Kay Cosmetics.
    0:05:37 So my mom had my brother when she was 17 years old, and then she was divorced from his father
    0:05:40 a few years later, and then she had me when she was 22.
    0:05:44 And then my biological father, they were divorced six months after I was born, and I never really
    0:05:46 saw him again.
    0:05:50 So she was a single mom, and she got into direct sales.
    0:05:56 So I learned about direct sales, and then when I was in college, I got involved in a company.
    0:06:02 I actually went door to door, 14 hours a day, six days a week on straight commission, just
    0:06:05 so I could pay my way through school.
    0:06:12 And there was a speaker who came and spoke at that company, and I thought, man, that’s
    0:06:15 my dream is I want to speak.
    0:06:20 And so I went up to him, his name was Eric Chester, and I said, Eric, one day I’m going
    0:06:23 to do what you do.
    0:06:26 But he had mentioned that he had a son in college, and I said, right now I need your
    0:06:32 son’s phone number because I’m going to recruit him to come with me and do this next summer.
    0:06:33 And we made like a pact.
    0:06:40 He said, if you mentor my son in this program, then when you graduate, I’ll mentor you.
    0:06:45 And so he did, I did, and his son, Zach, worked with me for two years.
    0:06:46 We became really good friends.
    0:06:52 And then when I finished my undergrad and was in graduate school, Eric was the one who,
    0:06:56 he was a Hall of Fame speaker, and I asked him, I was like, okay, I’m ready.
    0:06:57 What do I need to go do?
    0:06:58 And I’ll never forget Hall.
    0:07:05 The very first time we sat down, he said, Rory, the difference between a good speaker and
    0:07:11 a great speaker is 1,000 speeches.
    0:07:19 So the first thing I want you to do is go out and give 1,000 speeches.
    0:07:25 And just a couple of years ago, I became the youngest person in US history to be inducted
    0:07:27 myself into the professional speaking Hall of Fame.
    0:07:28 Oh, wow.
    0:07:32 You know, I’ve got a viral TED talk that has like 5 million views.
    0:07:36 And I have to tell you, Hala, I’m still excited to go back and see Eric Chester and find out
    0:07:42 what step two is because there’s been so much speaking.
    0:07:45 So that was how I got my start early on.
    0:07:46 Amazing.
    0:07:51 And I learned that you spoke over 300 times for free in your first 18 months.
    0:07:55 So a lot of people aren’t willing to roll up their sleeves, do free work like that.
    0:07:56 What was the logic?
    0:08:00 I know you were building your reps, but how did you decide, okay, now I’m going to get
    0:08:04 paid and I’ve got enough experience, so tell us about that.
    0:08:09 What actually happened was Eric said the fastest way to get stage time is to join a group called
    0:08:10 Toastmasters.
    0:08:16 And so it’s this worldwide organization that’s been around for decades.
    0:08:20 And they had a contest called the World Championship of Public Speaking.
    0:08:24 And so I thought, gosh, maybe, you know, at the time I was 22 years old.
    0:08:26 And so I had no credibility.
    0:08:30 This is long before social media, you know, it was like ever really out.
    0:08:36 And I thought, maybe if I could win the World Championship of Public Speaking, maybe that
    0:08:39 would give me the credibility to like launch a speaking career.
    0:08:41 You know, it was all adults who were in this competition.
    0:08:44 And I thought, if I just got more reps and I practiced harder.
    0:08:48 And so I did, I went out and I spoke 304 times for free.
    0:08:52 The first year I made it to, there’s 25,000 contestants.
    0:08:55 I made it to the top 10 in the world and I lost.
    0:08:57 And in the next year, I got more coaching.
    0:09:02 I spent more time, thousands of hours studying film, made it all the way back to the World
    0:09:03 Championship.
    0:09:07 And then I lost again, actually, but I came in second.
    0:09:12 So I lost better than the first time I was the World Champion, first runner up.
    0:09:18 And that was just my strategy, that had been my strategy for life in school and in knocking
    0:09:25 door to door was like, I’m just going to do a higher quantity than everybody else.
    0:09:32 And I had this belief that if I did more quantity, eventually that would lead to quality.
    0:09:34 And that’s what happened.
    0:09:36 And then that’s what led us to start our first company.
    0:09:37 That’s amazing.
    0:09:41 And what do you feel speaking did for your personal brand?
    0:09:46 So one of the things that we say at Brand Builders Group, we tell our clients, the shortest
    0:09:55 path between turning someone from a complete stranger into a lifelong fan of yours is a
    0:09:59 world-class one-hour presentation.
    0:10:01 Somebody can go from, I’ve never heard of you.
    0:10:03 Now they can do that in a book too, but it takes longer.
    0:10:05 It takes four, it’s more like four hours.
    0:10:10 But if they see you on stage, if you’ve ever seen Ed Milette on stage, you could go, I’ve
    0:10:12 never heard of this guy.
    0:10:16 And you walk in, another one of my good friends is Jamie Kern Lima.
    0:10:19 She right now I think is one of the best speakers in the world.
    0:10:24 If you’ve never heard of Jamie Kern Lima and you step into a room, after a one-hour experience
    0:10:27 with her, you become a lifelong fan.
    0:10:34 And so that’s the power of the spoken word is it is just a trust accelerator.
    0:10:39 And they don’t really teach it in schools and they don’t only teach it in business.
    0:10:44 If you don’t study it or get coaching on it, a lot of people think they’re good speakers.
    0:10:48 In reality, they’re good talkers and there’s just a big difference.
    0:10:54 But we define personal branding, which is most of what we do now, as simply the digitization
    0:10:56 of your reputation.
    0:10:59 And reputation has been around since the dawn of time.
    0:11:04 And the spoken word is like before there was going live and before there was webinar and
    0:11:07 before there was podcast and before there was YouTube, there was just the spoken word
    0:11:09 in front of live audiences.
    0:11:15 I think the reason why social media and the reason why YouTube and podcasting is so valuable
    0:11:20 is because if you have the ability to speak, if you have the ability to communicate with
    0:11:23 authority, if you have the ability to make an audience laugh, if you have the ability
    0:11:29 to articulate points eloquently, then you can create the same level of trust, except
    0:11:32 now you can do it at scale.
    0:11:39 You can automate trust at scale when you combine some of my superpowers with some of your superpowers
    0:11:42 and really growing your platform.
    0:11:46 I agree with everything you’re saying because I’ve been doing so much more speaking in the
    0:11:48 last two to three years.
    0:11:52 And the types of fans that I get after these types of speaking engagements, they’re waiting
    0:11:57 in line to talk to me, then they’re reaching out to me on DM, on LinkedIn, and Instagram.
    0:12:00 Then they show up to my course and they say, “Oh,” and then they write me a review.
    0:12:05 And it’s just a way more passionate type of fan because they feel like they really know
    0:12:10 you because there’s just so much transparency and authenticity when it’s you and the flesh,
    0:12:12 just being yourself and being on stage.
    0:12:15 I totally agree that it creates superfans.
    0:12:22 Well, and ironically, I think as AI takes over more and more, people are going to gravitate
    0:12:26 towards that human experience, and I think people are going to gravitate back towards
    0:12:31 live events because it’s not that far away.
    0:12:35 In many ways, it’s already here where you can replicate a video of someone, a voice
    0:12:36 of someone.
    0:12:42 You can use mid-journey and create an entire person that’s fake and turn them into an influencer.
    0:12:50 But what you can’t really do is have someone stand on stage in front of a roomful of humans
    0:12:54 and move them emotionally.
    0:12:57 Create that human bond.
    0:13:02 And I think as AI takes over content more and more digitally, I think there’s going
    0:13:07 to be a return of this skill coming back for humans.
    0:13:08 Totally.
    0:13:12 It’s like humans are going to be the rare thing that everybody wants.
    0:13:13 Yeah.
    0:13:14 Okay.
    0:13:15 So there’s so much to cover.
    0:13:19 I want to get into all of your personal branding strategies, but first, we thought that it’d
    0:13:23 be really fun to uncover some of your greatest hits from all the different books that you
    0:13:29 wrote of time management, focus, procrastination, and just talking about all these topics that
    0:13:31 I know my listeners are really curious about.
    0:13:35 So I’m going to rattle off quotes, and then you can just elaborate and have follow-up
    0:13:36 questions.
    0:13:37 You’re going to rattle off my quote.
    0:13:38 I’m going to rattle off your quotes from your book.
    0:13:39 That’s so interesting.
    0:13:40 You’re going to quote me to me.
    0:13:42 That’s kind of awkward for me.
    0:13:43 But I love it.
    0:13:44 I love it.
    0:13:46 I did it with James Clear when it was on and it was fun.
    0:13:47 Yeah.
    0:13:48 So we’ll do it.
    0:13:49 We’ll see.
    0:13:50 Okay.
    0:13:51 Success is not about taking the escalator.
    0:13:53 It’s about taking the stairs.
    0:13:54 What did you mean by that?
    0:13:55 Yeah.
    0:14:00 So that actually really should be given appropriate citation to Zig Ziglar.
    0:14:01 Okay.
    0:14:02 Good.
    0:14:03 So Zig said that differently.
    0:14:06 Zig said, “There is no escalator to success.
    0:14:08 You have to take the stairs.”
    0:14:13 And after my world championship of public speaking, I was at an event of the National
    0:14:19 Speakers Association event, and we’re sitting in this huge convention and it’s lunch, and
    0:14:22 I’m sitting in this cafeteria and I knew nobody, right?
    0:14:27 I’m this 20-something-year-old kid and I’m sitting by myself and this guy walks up to
    0:14:31 me and he says, “Hey, you’re Rory Vaden, right?”
    0:14:34 And I said, “Well, yes, sir, I am.”
    0:14:36 And he said, “I heard about you.
    0:14:37 You’re the Toastmaster kid, right?
    0:14:40 Like you made it to the Toastmaster thing.”
    0:14:41 And I said, “Well, yes, sir.
    0:14:42 That’s me.”
    0:14:43 And I said, “I’m sorry.
    0:14:45 I don’t know.
    0:14:46 Have we ever met?”
    0:14:50 And he reaches his hand out and he says, “My name is Zig Ziggler.”
    0:14:56 And people today may not even know who Zig is, but Zig was an absolute legend for decades
    0:14:57 in this space.
    0:15:01 And he sat down next to me with his wife, who he used to call the redhead if you’ve ever
    0:15:04 seen any of his old videos, and we became personal friends.
    0:15:06 He was a personal mentor of mine for several years.
    0:15:10 I used to travel with him to these big, huge arenas.
    0:15:15 He passed away several years ago, but anyways, he was the one that said, “There is no elevator
    0:15:16 to success.
    0:15:18 You have to take the stairs.”
    0:15:24 And so even the whole “take the stairs” concept was a bit of an homage to my mentor’s
    0:15:25 Zig Ziggler.
    0:15:27 I love that.
    0:15:28 So next one.
    0:15:31 A key to self-discipline is, of course, commitment.
    0:15:35 And you said, “The more we have invested in something, the less likely we are to let
    0:15:36 it fail.”
    0:15:38 What did you mean by that?
    0:15:43 Anything that matters to you is going to be hard to let go of.
    0:15:48 The things that matter to you are the things that you’ve put the most time and love and
    0:15:51 energy and money and prayer into.
    0:15:55 So you go, if you lose a loved one, why is it so hard?
    0:15:57 It’s because we’ve spent so much time together.
    0:15:59 We have so many shared experiences.
    0:16:03 We have so many interests and stories.
    0:16:07 The irony is that the more we have invested into something, the less likely we are to
    0:16:08 let it fail.
    0:16:12 Well, what most people do is they keep their commitments conditionally.
    0:16:15 They keep their commitments as long as they’re convenient to do so.
    0:16:19 But the moment it becomes inconvenient to keep that commitment, we typically question the
    0:16:23 commitment or we challenge ourselves to go, “Oh, maybe I’m not cut out for this or maybe
    0:16:25 it’s not worth it.”
    0:16:28 And so they go in search of something easier.
    0:16:32 In reality, they find that there’s not anything easier.
    0:16:36 They keep showing up and the same issues replicate again and again in their life because they
    0:16:38 struggle with commitment.
    0:16:43 And the real thing to do is when you are kind of tested to go, “I’m not sure if this is
    0:16:44 going to work out.
    0:16:47 I’m not sure if this is the right thing,” is to increase your commitment.
    0:16:50 You increase your level of investment.
    0:16:55 If you’re struggling on social media and you just go, “Well, gosh, maybe I’m not cut out
    0:16:56 for that.”
    0:16:58 Well, of course, then it’s not going to be successful.
    0:17:02 But the people who are successful at it are the ones that go, “No, I’m going to figure
    0:17:03 this out.
    0:17:05 I’m going to spend more time, more energy.
    0:17:06 I’m going to hire coaches.
    0:17:07 I’m going to hire an agency.
    0:17:08 I’m going to learn.
    0:17:10 I’m going to figure this out.”
    0:17:16 So I think the difference here is going, you don’t have a plan B. You only have a plan
    0:17:24 A. Now, you have to be flexible to adapt what plan A is, but leaving or quitting or escaping
    0:17:26 is not one of the options.
    0:17:29 And that is one of the secrets of ultra performers.
    0:17:34 They lock in on a goal and they go, “I am going to achieve this.
    0:17:41 How or when, I’m not entirely sure, but I’m target locked and I’m going to find a way.”
    0:17:45 Other people go, “I’ll do it if it’s comfortable.
    0:17:46 I’ll do it if it’s safe.
    0:17:50 I’ll do it if it’s easy, but not ultra performers.”
    0:17:51 Yeah.
    0:17:55 This reminds me of something that Marie Forleo says, “Everything is figure out of all.”
    0:17:56 So it’s like figuring out how.
    0:18:01 What are the ways that you’re going to figure out how to do whatever goal that you set out?
    0:18:06 And instead of contemplating what is the exact right thing I should do, how do I actually
    0:18:08 do the thing that I want to do?
    0:18:09 Yeah.
    0:18:10 And there’s always a way.
    0:18:13 So that’s another thing is that what most people ask when they reach this decisional
    0:18:19 threshold of deciding, “Should I continue forward in this commitment or should I not?”
    0:18:23 What most people ask is, “Should,” as they say, “Should I do this?
    0:18:24 Should I do this?
    0:18:25 Do that?
    0:18:26 Is it possible?
    0:18:27 Do I like this?”
    0:18:30 And what the ultra performers do is only one degree different.
    0:18:35 They don’t ask, “Is this possible or should I do this or can I pull this off?”
    0:18:39 They simply ask, “How is this possible?
    0:18:41 How could I make this work?
    0:18:43 What would it take in order for it to come true?”
    0:18:52 And the moment you ask this question, “How,” it’s like your mind transcends all limitations
    0:18:58 and you break free of these preexisting belief barriers and these mental prisons of our own
    0:19:04 construction of what we think is possible and what isn’t and your creativity engages.
    0:19:09 And the human brain, this is where you get into the neuroscience, well, the neuroscience
    0:19:13 of this is that the human brain cannot delineate between positive or negative.
    0:19:16 It simply does whatever you tell it to do.
    0:19:20 The human brain also cannot delineate between true and false.
    0:19:23 It simply believes whatever it is told most often.
    0:19:28 So if you tell yourself, “This is hard and I don’t know if this is right for me,” your
    0:19:35 brain is going to process and find evidence and documentation and examples for why it’s
    0:19:42 too hard and why it won’t work out for you and it will process until it finds a rationalization
    0:19:47 that is comfortable for you to accept so that you can quit and you can stay safe.
    0:19:52 But similarly, if you ask the question, “How is this possible?”
    0:19:57 Your brain will process indefinitely on that and it will process and process and process
    0:20:02 until one day you’ll wake up in the middle of the night and boom, the answer comes.
    0:20:08 It’s not that most people don’t have the talent or the skill to succeed, it’s that they don’t
    0:20:15 have the resolve or the commitment and so they’re not able to see the solutions because
    0:20:19 their brain is not actually being programmed to look for solutions, their brain is being
    0:20:22 programmed to look for excuses.
    0:20:26 Let’s hold that thought and take a quick break with our sponsors.
    0:20:31 Yeah, fam, when I first started this podcast, believe it or not, I had an all-volunteer
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    0:22:09 What’s up, busy young-in-profitters?
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    0:23:47 Yeah, fam, do you ever wonder why some businesses do incredible and skyrocket with their sales
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    0:25:28 That’s so powerful.
    0:25:33 And I think all of us have these big dreams, big goals, but a lot of us have a problem
    0:25:39 with time management, actually focusing on the things we need to focus on, prioritizing.
    0:25:42 And you actually talk a lot about creative avoidance and procrastination.
    0:25:46 So my first question to you on that is, why is that so personal to you?
    0:25:48 Why have you wrote so much about procrastination?
    0:25:52 Yeah, my first book, Take the Stairs, and my second book, Procrastination on Purpose,
    0:25:54 Five Permissions to Multiply Your Time.
    0:26:01 So really the way this fits in is I have always been fascinated with success.
    0:26:07 And really, if you look at the arc of my whole career, Hala, I bucket it with something very
    0:26:09 simple called the four levels of influence.
    0:26:14 And so level one is influencing yourself to take action.
    0:26:17 You’re influencing one person, yourself.
    0:26:22 And all of my early work is about level one influence, which is basically the enemy of
    0:26:25 influencing yourself is procrastination.
    0:26:32 And so we talk about creative avoidance and priority dilution, these terms that I invented
    0:26:36 for different types of procrastination that people aren’t aware of.
    0:26:37 So we can talk about those if you want.
    0:26:42 And level two influence is influencing one other human.
    0:26:45 And so that is all of my work in sales.
    0:26:48 And our first company was a sales coaching company.
    0:26:50 We started that in 2006.
    0:26:52 We grew that to eight figures.
    0:26:54 We sold it in 2018.
    0:26:57 We had 200 people and all we did was sales coaching.
    0:26:59 That’s influencing another person.
    0:27:04 Also relationships and one-on-one communication is level two influence.
    0:27:11 How do I talk and listen and interact with an individual in a way that creates influence?
    0:27:13 It moves them to action.
    0:27:19 Level three influence is influencing a group of people or a team.
    0:27:23 So this is all the area and the work and the study and the writing we’ve done on leadership.
    0:27:30 It’s going, how do you act, talk, behave, operate and create systems in a way that activates
    0:27:33 a small group of people to take action?
    0:27:35 So that’s leadership.
    0:27:39 And then level four influence is really what we’re doing now, which is personal branding.
    0:27:43 And that is inspiring and moving a community of people.
    0:27:45 It’s creating a movement.
    0:27:51 It’s activating and influencing people who you may never actually meet face to face,
    0:27:55 that you impact them through your writing, your videos, your podcasts, et cetera.
    0:27:57 So that’s most of where we spend our world now.
    0:28:05 But my early books and my early work really stem from learning how to influence myself
    0:28:08 and to battle my own beast of overcoming procrastination.
    0:28:14 And one of the things I think not enough people understand that you can’t build a great personal
    0:28:18 brand until you build strong personal character.
    0:28:19 Yeah.
    0:28:25 So you need strong core values that you yourself align to before anybody wants to follow you.
    0:28:30 Because if you’re not an impressive person or a well-rounded person with good character,
    0:28:34 no one’s going to want to follow you or be a fan of yours because you’re only fans of
    0:28:35 people that you look up to.
    0:28:36 Totally.
    0:28:38 And my pastor said this to me one time.
    0:28:45 He said, “Your influence will never grow wider than your character runs deep.
    0:28:48 Your influence will never grow wider than your character runs deep.
    0:28:50 And if it does, that’s when the implosions happen, right?
    0:28:54 That’s when the celebrities and stuff, they have these implosions because they have wide
    0:28:59 influence in the public, but they have personal lives that are a mess.
    0:29:01 And that’s what causes implosion.
    0:29:07 So you have to build a strong personal brand on a foundation of strong personal character
    0:29:11 because the reality today is it takes serious muscle.
    0:29:15 I mean, you look at the people who are crushing it on YouTube, these are not people just pushing
    0:29:17 record and throwing it up there.
    0:29:19 They have teams of people.
    0:29:20 They have editors.
    0:29:22 They’re thinking of hooks.
    0:29:25 They’re very intelligent and sophisticated.
    0:29:28 You look at the people who do marketing and funnels.
    0:29:33 I think a lot of times people go, yeah, just build an online business, throw up a website
    0:29:34 and make millions.
    0:29:36 It’s like, no, that’s not really how it works.
    0:29:42 It takes extreme discipline, focus, commitment, intelligence, strategy.
    0:29:43 And that’s true about anything.
    0:29:46 And excellence is never an accident.
    0:29:53 And so I think we hear a lot more about personal branding these days and we need to hear probably
    0:29:56 a little bit more about personal character.
    0:29:59 It’s such a strong point and it’s such a great tie-in to everything we’re about to talk about.
    0:30:03 But since I brought it up, what is procrastinating on purpose?
    0:30:08 Because that feels like you’re speaking directly to me because I am this type of person where
    0:30:11 I love to work under pressure because I know I can do things fast, especially if I know
    0:30:16 what I’m doing, if it’s boring, it’s more fun for me to procrastinate on purpose.
    0:30:17 But what did you mean by that?
    0:30:22 Give us any sort of guidance you have about time management and procrastination.
    0:30:25 Real quick, there’s three types of procrastination.
    0:30:28 There’s classic procrastination, which is consciously delaying what you know you should
    0:30:29 do.
    0:30:33 I know I should pay my taxes, I know I should work out, I know I should make this difficult
    0:30:35 phone call, whatever.
    0:30:40 But most of us, while most of us do struggle with classic procrastination, most of us are
    0:30:42 aware of that.
    0:30:47 Where we’re really losing is to the two types of unconscious procrastination, one of which
    0:30:50 is creative avoidance.
    0:30:55 Creative avoidance is a term that I coined that is unconsciously creating stuff for yourself
    0:31:03 to do so that you can achieve trivial things which make you feel productive because dopamine
    0:31:08 is released, that chemical is released from your brain into your body every time you delete
    0:31:12 an email or you cross something off your to-do list, dopamine is released.
    0:31:18 So it makes you feel good, you feel productive, but really what’s happened is you’re addicted
    0:31:20 to accomplishing the trivial.
    0:31:24 You’re addicted to completing the insignificant.
    0:31:26 That’s what creative avoidance is.
    0:31:31 Then there’s priority dilution, which is the chronic overachievers procrastination.
    0:31:37 They’re not lazy, they’re not apathetic, they’re not disengaged, they’re not even distracted.
    0:31:39 What they are is interrupted.
    0:31:44 So you’re building a team now, you’ve got dozens of employees.
    0:31:47 As you become more influential, more and more people are vying for your attention.
    0:31:51 You get higher and higher profile clients, higher and higher profile opportunities.
    0:31:58 And so everybody is coming at you with their agenda, I think of an inbox, an email inbox
    0:32:06 as a great literal illustration of this because what is an inbox other than a mechanism for
    0:32:10 prioritizing other people’s requests?
    0:32:13 Your inbox is none of the things you want to do.
    0:32:16 It’s everything everybody else wants you to do.
    0:32:22 And most of us sort even our inbox from what has come in most recent and we just see what
    0:32:23 is most recent.
    0:32:27 Well, often the most recent request is not the most significant request.
    0:32:33 And so priority dilution is living in a constant state of interruption, ending your day with
    0:32:38 your most significant tasks incomplete, not because you’re lazy, but because you’ve allowed
    0:32:43 yourself to fall victim to whatever is vying for your attention rather than the things
    0:32:45 that you know you need to do.
    0:32:49 So that was introduced and take the stairs.
    0:32:53 Well, when we studied ultra performers and we started to look at how do they get past
    0:32:54 this?
    0:32:57 That was when we invented the system of multiplying time.
    0:33:01 Well, we didn’t really invent the system, we just put a vernacular around it, which was
    0:33:02 what my TED Talk was.
    0:33:05 So my TED Talk that went viral is called how to multiply time.
    0:33:13 And all we were doing is we were putting a vernacular and semantics around the unconscious
    0:33:20 thought process that the world’s ultra performers use when it came to managing their time.
    0:33:23 And people of course say time is the one thing you can never get more of.
    0:33:26 Well, that’s not actually true.
    0:33:28 It is true inside of one day, right?
    0:33:30 There’s nothing you can do to get more time in a day.
    0:33:35 We all have 24 hours, which is 1,440 minutes or 86,400 seconds.
    0:33:37 But that’s exactly the problem.
    0:33:42 Everyone believes they cannot get more time because that’s what they’ve been told most
    0:33:43 often.
    0:33:44 So your brain believes it.
    0:33:48 In reality, you can create more time.
    0:33:49 You say how?
    0:33:50 Simple.
    0:33:53 And this is the premise of the TED Talk and the whole second book.
    0:33:59 The way that you multiply time is by spending time on things today that create more time
    0:34:00 tomorrow.
    0:34:05 While there’s nothing you can do today to create more time today, there’s all sorts
    0:34:10 of things you can do today that if you do them today, they will create time and space
    0:34:13 tomorrow that you would not have otherwise had.
    0:34:17 We bucket those in something called the focus funnel, which again is sort of the flagship
    0:34:19 framework of the TED Talk and the book.
    0:34:24 Well, it’s eliminate, automate, delegate, concentrate are four of the five.
    0:34:31 The fifth one is procrastinate, and procrastinating on purpose is about procrastinating on purpose
    0:34:37 with the insignificant tasks, the trivial tasks, and ultimately, when you become an
    0:34:41 ultra performer, you ultimately will have to say no to some things.
    0:34:46 You will ultimately have to ignore some things because there are too many applicants for
    0:34:50 your time, too many applicants for your podcast, too many emails that you can ever respond
    0:34:51 to.
    0:34:58 You become an ultra performer not by being a master of what you say yes to, but more
    0:35:02 of being a master of what you say no to.
    0:35:09 If you procrastinate on the trivial things, then that suddenly creates a margin or a pocket
    0:35:14 of time that you can then reinvest and reallocate into the things that multiply your time, which
    0:35:18 are things that you’ve spent time on today that create more time tomorrow.
    0:35:21 That’s the whole book as fast as I can give it to you.
    0:35:23 That was so good.
    0:35:24 What is the name of the TED Talk?
    0:35:25 I knew that went super viral.
    0:35:27 It’s evergreen content.
    0:35:29 What is it called so people can check it out?
    0:35:33 The TED Talk is called How to Multiply Time.
    0:35:39 By the way, this is my greatest, my most painful, most expensive marketing mistake I’ve ever
    0:35:40 made.
    0:35:47 When TED asked me for the talk, they didn’t ask me, “What do you want to call your talk?”
    0:35:50 They asked me, “What is the talk about?”
    0:35:53 I said, “Oh, the talk is about how to multiply time.”
    0:35:58 They titled it for me, How to Multiply Time and it went viral.
    0:36:01 When I wrote the book, I had a chance to select the title.
    0:36:06 I thought procrastinating on purpose was so catchy and unique and clever and people had
    0:36:08 never heard of it.
    0:36:10 People have never heard of it.
    0:36:17 Maybe it’s intriguing, but the problem is it’s confusing and it’s not enticing.
    0:36:21 Everybody wants to procrastinate on purpose, but everyone wants to multiply time.
    0:36:26 This is one of the other really big personal branding lessons that we teach people is that
    0:36:30 clear is greater than clever.
    0:36:32 Clear is greater than clever.
    0:36:36 My TED Talk is clearly titled How to Multiply Time.
    0:36:41 My book, which is on the same topic, has a crappy title of procrastinate on purpose.
    0:36:44 The subtitle is Five Permissions to Multiply Your Time.
    0:36:45 It’s the same content.
    0:36:47 The TED Talk went viral.
    0:36:52 That second book doesn’t sell that well and I’m convinced it’s because of this painful
    0:36:55 mistake that I made of mistitling the book.
    0:37:00 Well, hopefully you never make that mistake again and now we will never make that mistake
    0:37:03 because we know that clear is better than clever.
    0:37:05 That’s our first personal branding lesson from you.
    0:37:07 I’m sure we’re going to learn many more.
    0:37:10 Let’s talk about your business brand builders group.
    0:37:13 What are the types of things that you do for your clients?
    0:37:16 We are a personal brand strategy firm.
    0:37:22 Think of if you were built in a house, you could go to Home Depot, grab some tools, grab
    0:37:27 some supplies, roll up on some pile of dirt and start building a house.
    0:37:33 You probably would do better if you started with an architect and you had an architect
    0:37:39 that understood everything about zoning and permits, slope and grading and everything
    0:37:45 about structural engineering and someone who could design something for you that could
    0:37:49 hold a skyscraper and not just a shack that you threw up.
    0:37:51 Well, that’s what we are.
    0:37:53 We are the architects.
    0:37:58 We work with several of the biggest personal brands in the world, some that I mentioned,
    0:38:03 Ed Milette, Lewis Howes, Amy Porterfield, Tom and Lisa Bilyu, Eric Thomas, ET, the hip
    0:38:04 pop preacher.
    0:38:05 It goes on and on.
    0:38:06 Amazing people.
    0:38:07 So many you’ve had on your show.
    0:38:09 So many I know that you are friends with.
    0:38:14 So what do we do for them in a tactical way?
    0:38:19 We tend to help people get really, really clear on their uniqueness and figuring out
    0:38:24 what’s the thing that only they can do and talk about that nobody else in the world can
    0:38:26 talk about.
    0:38:31 So we do a lot around identifying their uniqueness and the identity of their brand, not the visual
    0:38:36 identity but the actual personification of their message.
    0:38:43 We do a lot around the art of speaking, the business of speaking, live events, monetizing
    0:38:46 live events, putting on live events.
    0:38:48 We do a lot around book launches.
    0:38:52 That’s one of the things that we probably do as good, if not better than anyone else
    0:38:53 in the world.
    0:38:59 We have helped 29 people become New York Times, Wall Street Journal, or USA Today, national
    0:39:01 bestselling authors.
    0:39:02 We don’t game the list.
    0:39:04 We don’t let authors buy their own books.
    0:39:05 We’re not tricking the system.
    0:39:11 We just have really proven ways to get real humans to buy books.
    0:39:14 So we do that and then monetization strategy.
    0:39:22 So if I had to say, it’d be messaging and positioning, speaking, books, and then monetization
    0:39:26 strategy, we get into various components of that.
    0:39:31 But the single best piece of personal branding advice I’ve ever received, and this is not
    0:39:32 a Rory quote.
    0:39:37 I wish it was, but it came from a guy named Larry Wingett, and I heard Larry say this
    0:39:38 early in my career.
    0:39:47 He said, “The goal is to find your uniqueness and exploit it in the service of others.
    0:39:51 Find your uniqueness and exploit it in the service of others.”
    0:39:54 The first time I heard Larry say that, I was like, “God, that is it.
    0:39:55 That is brilliant.
    0:39:56 That’s exactly what it is.”
    0:40:01 Now, the thing was, he never had a business teaching people or helping people find their
    0:40:06 uniqueness, so we developed a methodology, a process that we take people through.
    0:40:07 It’s a two-day experience.
    0:40:09 It’s this whole set of introspective questions.
    0:40:14 We could touch on some of them now if you want to help people figure out what is the
    0:40:18 thing that only you can do?
    0:40:20 What is the divine calling on your life?
    0:40:22 What is your uniqueness?
    0:40:29 And once we help people find that, that’s a huge, huge part of everything else falling
    0:40:30 in place.
    0:40:35 Why is it so important for somebody to focus on one thing, one expertise?
    0:40:37 Why is that so important?
    0:40:38 Great question.
    0:40:43 It’s because of a concept that we refer to as Sheehan’s Wall.
    0:40:49 I named this concept after a colleague of mine named Peter Sheehan, who showed me a model
    0:40:52 that we have since adapted to personal brands.
    0:40:58 He works more in the corporate space, but I saw his model, and here’s how it works.
    0:41:03 In any industry, in any vertical, in any market, on any platform, there’s two groups of people.
    0:41:06 There are those who are unknown.
    0:41:08 They’re living in obscurity.
    0:41:13 They’re yet to be discovered or found or popularized.
    0:41:16 And then there is a group of people who are well-known.
    0:41:17 They don’t have obscurity.
    0:41:18 They have notoriety.
    0:41:20 They have trust.
    0:41:21 They have recognition.
    0:41:22 They have reputation.
    0:41:28 Well, in between being unknown and well-known, between obscurity and notoriety is this huge
    0:41:31 invisible wall that we call Sheehan’s Wall.
    0:41:36 What most people do who are living in obscurity is they look at the people in notoriety.
    0:41:41 They look at Tony Robbins or Gary Vaynerchuk or whoever, and they look at what they’re
    0:41:46 doing, Oprah, The Rock, and they go, “I want to do the things that they do.”
    0:41:50 And so they go, “Well, Tony Robbins has all these different topics, like he talks about
    0:41:55 money and he talks about health and he talks about unleashing the power with wind and date
    0:41:57 with destiny and relationships and spirituality.”
    0:41:58 Well, I have all these topics.
    0:42:01 So they talk about lots of different topics.
    0:42:05 And then they are like, “Oh, I got to be on lots of different platforms, right?”
    0:42:08 The whole thing is you got to be on LinkedIn and you got to be on TikTok and you got to
    0:42:11 be on Instagram and YouTube and X, Twitter, whatever.
    0:42:14 And then every time they go on Facebook or something, they see a new ad for a new business
    0:42:15 model.
    0:42:18 And it’s like, “Oh, the way to get rich is doing webinars.
    0:42:19 No, it’s live events.
    0:42:20 No, you should publish your own book.
    0:42:21 No, you should become a speaker.
    0:42:22 No, you should do masterminds.
    0:42:23 No, you should do retreats.
    0:42:27 No, you should do one-on-one coaching and all these different business models.”
    0:42:29 And then they have all these audiences, right?
    0:42:32 And it’s like, “Well, I’m really passionate about talking to stay-at-home moms, but I
    0:42:37 want to help kids who are like high school and college age, but I kind of live in the
    0:42:41 corporate world and also sort of entrepreneurial.”
    0:42:46 So they have too many audiences, too many messages, too many platforms, too many business models.
    0:42:51 And what happens is they bounce off the wall.
    0:42:57 And the reason that they bounce off the wall is because if you have diluted focus, you
    0:43:01 get diluted results, period.
    0:43:05 If you have diluted focus, you get diluted results.
    0:43:09 And so if you look at Lewis Howes as an example, so he was our very first client.
    0:43:11 I had met him at our former company.
    0:43:13 We had been friends.
    0:43:15 I had casually helped him with his first book launch.
    0:43:19 And then when we sold our first company, Lewis and I reconnected.
    0:43:23 He actually called us and said, “Hey, I’d love your brain on my business.”
    0:43:26 And he’s the whole reason we started Brand Builders Group because we weren’t planning
    0:43:28 on doing this.
    0:43:32 And we didn’t teach Lewis podcast tactics to grow his show.
    0:43:35 We didn’t teach him any of that stuff.
    0:43:40 What happened was we took him through this process and we found that he had 17 revenue
    0:43:41 streams.
    0:43:45 And he had always been told by his friends and community, like, “Multiple streams of
    0:43:46 income.”
    0:43:49 Well, multiple streams of income is crappy advice.
    0:43:54 It is terrible advice when you’re just first starting out.
    0:43:59 Nobody who got super rich got super rich from multiple streams of income.
    0:44:02 They got super rich by being amazing at one thing.
    0:44:05 What you need is not multiple streams of income.
    0:44:12 You need one freaking amazing stream of income, one brilliant stream of income, one thing
    0:44:16 that you monetize the crap out of that does really, really well.
    0:44:18 That’s how you break through the wall.
    0:44:22 Once you’re sitting on a pile of money, then you diversify.
    0:44:23 Sarah Blakely didn’t have multiple streams of income.
    0:44:25 It’s not how she got rich.
    0:44:29 Even Warren Buffett, even though he invested in a lot of things, investing is the only
    0:44:31 thing he does.
    0:44:36 You look at athletes, all of these people, they had one stream of income.
    0:44:38 Well, Lewis had 17.
    0:44:42 One of the exercises we take people through is called the revenue streams assessment.
    0:44:45 We just look at how long have you been doing them?
    0:44:46 What’s the total revenue?
    0:44:48 How much stress is it causing you?
    0:44:52 How much natural momentum does it have for growth in the future?
    0:44:54 It’s like the scoring system.
    0:44:58 He had this podcasting thing, which at the time was like a side hustle for him.
    0:45:00 He was really a course company.
    0:45:02 Most of his money was selling courses.
    0:45:08 We said, “Well, this little exercise says that podcasting is the thing that is most
    0:45:12 taking off with the least amount of energy, causing you the least amount of stress that
    0:45:16 is the most fun and has the biggest opportunity for future growth.”
    0:45:24 What would happen if we shut everything else down and just went all in on this one thing?
    0:45:29 He’s been so generous about his praise of us, but really, that’s pretty much the only
    0:45:31 thing we ever did.
    0:45:34 He’s been through, I think, nine of our 14 curriculums, so we have worked a lot with
    0:45:35 their team.
    0:45:40 Like the main thing was just going, “If you’re a small business, just think about it.
    0:45:44 If you’re a small business and you have limited resources, you don’t have hundreds of employees.
    0:45:46 You don’t have millions of dollars.
    0:45:52 If you just have those few resources spread across 20 things, what’s the likelihood that
    0:45:56 any of them is going to take off versus going, “If you take those resources and you put them
    0:46:00 all in on one thing, the success is inevitable.”
    0:46:02 It almost doesn’t matter what the one thing is.
    0:46:05 It just matters that there’s one thing.
    0:46:09 This is where too many people try to make the right decision, and what ultra performers
    0:46:12 do is they make a decision, and then they make it right.
    0:46:17 This is so, so smart, and I feel like it’s reminding me a lot about social media strategy
    0:46:18 too.
    0:46:21 You don’t see somebody blow up on social media where they’re blowing up on every channel
    0:46:23 at once.
    0:46:27 Somebody blows up on LinkedIn or somebody blows up on YouTube or Instagram or TikTok.
    0:46:28 Then they move on to other platforms.
    0:46:33 It’s like you also have to build leverage on the social platforms as well, not just the
    0:46:34 revenue stream.
    0:46:39 So, I think going deep and not too wide is the key when you’re first starting out.
    0:46:40 Yeah, you’re breaking through the wall.
    0:46:43 Gary Vaynerchuk’s my favorite example.
    0:46:48 Everyone says, “Rory, I think your whole finding uniqueness is stupid because Gary talks about
    0:46:49 a million things.”
    0:46:50 Yeah, Omni Channel.
    0:46:51 Yeah, Omni Channel.
    0:46:52 Yeah, Omni Channel.
    0:46:56 He talks about rap music and sports and Web 3 and social and business and whatever advertising
    0:46:59 and all this stuff.
    0:47:01 He tells people, “Talk about all the things you’re passionate about.”
    0:47:06 Yeah, except that’s not how he got there.
    0:47:09 You can’t look at what those people are doing today.
    0:47:12 Look at how he got there.
    0:47:20 Gary Vaynerchuk in the beginning talked about one thing on one channel, Wine on YouTube.
    0:47:22 So, I love Gary.
    0:47:24 I don’t know him personally.
    0:47:25 I have so much respect for him.
    0:47:26 I’ve learned so much.
    0:47:30 But I go, “He did not get there by doing what he’s doing now.
    0:47:33 You can’t get to where he is by doing what he’s doing now.
    0:47:37 You have to look at what he did and you break through the wall on that one thing, on one
    0:47:41 channel, one topic and just go, “What’s the likelihood of success?”
    0:47:45 Talking on YouTube and TikTok and Podcast and LinkedIn and Instagram about 25 different
    0:47:51 things or going, “I’m going to dominate the topic of Wine on YouTube.”
    0:47:55 We’ll be right back after a quick break from our sponsors.
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    0:49:06 Let’s talk about why personal branding is not just for influencers.
    0:49:11 Why is personal branding something that’s important for anybody who’s in business?
    0:49:15 I’ll start with the common sense part first.
    0:49:19 The reason that it applies to everybody is because when people hear the word personal
    0:49:23 brand or personal branding, they think the wrong things.
    0:49:29 They think social media, they think it means podcasting or social media or speaking or
    0:49:34 writing books or creating a course, but that’s not how we think of it.
    0:49:35 That’s not how we define it.
    0:49:40 To us, personal branding is not a new concept.
    0:49:43 It’s a new expression of an old concept.
    0:49:48 Personal branding is simply the digitization of reputation.
    0:49:56 The reputation’s been around since the dawn of time.
    0:50:00 What do people know you for and what do they know about you in real life and do they trust
    0:50:01 you?
    0:50:06 All we’re doing with personal branding is digitizing that and automating trust at scale.
    0:50:08 I’m not saying those things aren’t valuable.
    0:50:09 They’re super valuable.
    0:50:14 They’re super valuable, but many of the most influential people you meet and many of the
    0:50:20 most influential relationships also will come offline, not online.
    0:50:23 Even you and I, you’ve got this great following.
    0:50:25 I’ve never had a huge social media following.
    0:50:28 We’ve always been offline people and we’re a coaching company.
    0:50:32 Even the service we provide in the world is very human.
    0:50:37 It’s one-on-one human-to-human kind of thing, but I met you because Julie Solomon introduced
    0:50:42 you to me and then I recognized Jenna and Amy and a lot of our other friends.
    0:50:47 It was your offline reputation that really caught my attention and then supplemented
    0:50:51 by your online reputation, which is clearly super impressive.
    0:50:56 I think the reason it matters in business, I mean, the reason I know it matters in business
    0:50:59 is because reputation matters in business.
    0:51:05 Today, reputation is determined at least as much by what your online reputation is, is
    0:51:06 your offline one.
    0:51:10 If you don’t have one, it’s just like going, “Well, would you want to not have an offline
    0:51:11 reputation?”
    0:51:16 You would never say, “I don’t need a reputation and I don’t need people to say good things
    0:51:18 about me or to know about me.”
    0:51:19 That’s vain.
    0:51:23 You would never say that about an offline reputation, but those are the things we sort
    0:51:28 of erently say about personal branding online just because it’s newer and we don’t understand
    0:51:33 it and because business people don’t want to point and dance and do trending songs and
    0:51:36 spend their whole day trying to deconstruct an algorithm.
    0:51:41 That’s not how they spend their time, but it doesn’t change the fact that it’s super
    0:51:44 important and becoming more and more and more critical.
    0:51:46 That’s the common sense part.
    0:51:51 If you look at the data, if you’re going to talk about business people, we’re very, very
    0:51:53 data-driven as a company.
    0:51:57 Part of why we do the various things we do is because it’s data.
    0:52:04 One of the things that we led, a PhD-led academic research study weighted to the US Census,
    0:52:08 it’s a statistically valid and it’s a national to the US.
    0:52:12 We didn’t do it for the whole world, but we spent tens of thousands of dollars on this.
    0:52:20 In fact, if you want to go download the study, if you go to freebrandstudy.com/profiting,
    0:52:23 you can download a copy of the full study.
    0:52:28 One of the things that we found is that 74% of Americans say they are more likely to
    0:52:32 trust somebody who has an established personal brand.
    0:52:37 That’s across all ages, income ranges.
    0:52:40 We trust people who have an established personal brand.
    0:52:45 When you look at the professions, one of the things that we asked, so one of the questions
    0:52:50 is, “How important is it to you that each of the following people have an established
    0:52:51 personal brand?”
    0:52:58 We asked the general public, “Which careers, which professions, does it most matter to you
    0:53:01 that your provider has a personal brand?”
    0:53:08 The top ranked spot, 61% of people said they want their doctor to have a personal brand.
    0:53:12 58% of people said they want their lawyer to have an established personal brand.
    0:53:17 55% of people say they want their financial advisor, their banker, their business consultant
    0:53:19 to have a personal brand.
    0:53:22 53% said they want their insurance agent to have a personal brand.
    0:53:26 52% said they want their real estate agent to have a personal brand.
    0:53:28 This goes on and on and on.
    0:53:30 Here’s what we found.
    0:53:36 The higher the requirement for trust, the more the general population cares that you
    0:53:39 have a personal brand.
    0:53:42 The question is, “How much does trust matter in your business?”
    0:53:48 If it matters a lot, you probably need to take this thing seriously because reputation
    0:53:52 precedes revenue.
    0:53:56 That’s why it matters to business people and some of them have caught onto it, right?
    0:54:02 Ed Milette, Jamie Kern Lima, Elon Musk, like Richard Branson.
    0:54:05 These people have caught onto it early, and it’s made a big impact.
    0:54:09 Other people have not yet, and they’re falling behind.
    0:54:13 As you’re talking, what I keep hearing is the opportunity for people in professions
    0:54:18 like doctors, lawyers to really step in and dominate their niche.
    0:54:21 There’s really not that many people in those types of professions.
    0:54:26 You do see the people that do have a personal brand, they’re traditionally on billboards
    0:54:27 or buses.
    0:54:30 I feel like they probably make way more money than the average person who’s not doing those
    0:54:31 sorts of things.
    0:54:35 Imagine if they just built their personal brand on social media because I’m getting
    0:54:39 more and more like doctors wanting to be on LinkedIn, so I am seeing this as a really
    0:54:40 big trend.
    0:54:43 You brought up trust.
    0:54:49 Why is trust so important and what are the tangible ways that people can build trust online?
    0:54:53 In order to answer that question, you’ll see this recurring theme in what we do.
    0:54:57 To answer the question, how do you best build trust online, we would say, how do you best
    0:55:00 build trust offline?
    0:55:06 If you made a list of the top 10 people you trust in your life, like with trust with your
    0:55:12 life or with your kids, like I’ve got two toddlers, so if you go, who would you trust?
    0:55:16 There’s a good chance that the people on that list, like you would trust with your banking
    0:55:22 information or that kind of stuff, there’s a good chance you know those people intimately.
    0:55:25 You know where they eat.
    0:55:27 You know where they live.
    0:55:28 You know about their families.
    0:55:30 You know where they went to college.
    0:55:31 You know where they grew up.
    0:55:33 You know about their siblings.
    0:55:35 You know maybe some of their fears.
    0:55:37 You know some of their mistakes.
    0:55:40 You know those people intimately.
    0:55:43 When I first got on social media, I was like, “Oh my gosh, this is so stupid.
    0:55:46 Why is everyone posting pictures of what they ate?”
    0:55:55 Then I realized, “Oh, because we trust people that we know intimate details about their
    0:55:56 life.”
    0:56:00 Now, that doesn’t mean you have to post pictures of your kids, right?
    0:56:05 There’s a lot of reasons why not to and a lot of fears why not to.
    0:56:07 AJ and I happen to do it a lot.
    0:56:12 AJ is my wife and she’s also my co-founder and the CEO of Brand Builders Group, by the
    0:56:13 way.
    0:56:16 We were business partners in our former company that we sold and then we started Brand Builders
    0:56:17 Group just the two of us.
    0:56:20 She’s the CEO and I’m the CMO and we’re married, right?
    0:56:22 We got two kids, so we post.
    0:56:26 We happen to share those things occasionally.
    0:56:29 We trust people that we know details about their life.
    0:56:32 If I see someone walking down the alley, I’ve never seen them before.
    0:56:34 I don’t know anything about the person.
    0:56:39 If it’s dark and it’s an alley and I’ve never seen the person before, my spidey senses go
    0:56:40 up.
    0:56:43 I’m in an alley with a stranger.
    0:56:44 That’s how it is, right?
    0:56:45 Who’s going to buy from a stranger?
    0:56:46 Nobody.
    0:56:48 They got to know something about you.
    0:56:50 Who else do we trust in real life?
    0:56:53 Well, we tend to trust people who we learn from.
    0:56:55 We trust pastors.
    0:56:56 We trust lawyers.
    0:56:57 We trust accountants.
    0:56:58 We trust doctors.
    0:57:00 We trust experts.
    0:57:01 We trust teachers.
    0:57:02 We trust mentors.
    0:57:04 We trust counselors.
    0:57:07 We trust people who teach us things.
    0:57:09 Who else do we trust in real life?
    0:57:12 We tend to trust people who entertain us.
    0:57:14 They make us laugh.
    0:57:16 They make us inspired.
    0:57:19 They’re musical or they’re entertaining.
    0:57:20 We see them on movies.
    0:57:21 I mean, think about that.
    0:57:26 We trust movie stars who we’ve never met, but we see them a lot.
    0:57:28 Who else do we trust in real life?
    0:57:32 We tend to trust people who encourage us in our darkest moments.
    0:57:36 The people who were there when you had your heartbreak, when you didn’t get into that
    0:57:42 school or you didn’t get that job or the relationship fell apart or you lost money on that deal.
    0:57:45 The people who were there to encourage us in that moment.
    0:57:48 Those are the people we trust because it’s like we’ve been through the fire.
    0:57:49 I know you.
    0:57:51 You got my back.
    0:57:56 When you roll that forward to online, we have three simple strategies that we teach.
    0:57:59 We call them the three E’s for content marketing.
    0:58:03 First of all, educate, encourage, and entertain.
    0:58:06 Educate, encourage, and entertain.
    0:58:11 We typically say your feed should be more of what you do and it should educate, encourage,
    0:58:14 or entertain because strangers don’t care about your cat.
    0:58:20 The only people who care about your cat typically are going to be, once they’re intrigued by
    0:58:24 you and they want to really vet you out, that’s where they go, “Who are you really?”
    0:58:27 I’m a hardcore Bible thump and Jesus freak.
    0:58:33 I post Bible verses every day in my stories because I read the Bible every day.
    0:58:39 I started a whole podcast just looking at the academic and logical scrutiny for the
    0:58:41 evidence of Jesus of Nazareth.
    0:58:42 It’s called Eternal Life.
    0:58:43 This was a huge side project.
    0:58:44 I make no money for it.
    0:58:46 It’s not associated with any churches.
    0:58:49 There’s no sponsors or anything, but it was a huge personal project that I did.
    0:58:52 I shared all of that in my stories.
    0:58:54 Occasionally, you see it in my feed.
    0:58:58 Occasionally, you see me talk about my kids in my feed.
    0:59:03 Most of my feed is education and encouragement because I’m not that entertaining, but if
    0:59:07 I was, I’d be entertaining on that feed too.
    0:59:09 This is such great advice.
    0:59:12 I align with everything that you say, and I think the biggest takeaway that I had from
    0:59:17 what you just talked about was the fact that we trust people that we know personal details
    0:59:18 about.
    0:59:19 I get a lot of clients.
    0:59:22 I do social media for folks, and a lot of people are really like, “I don’t want to talk
    0:59:23 about my kids.
    0:59:24 I don’t want to talk about private life.
    0:59:25 I don’t want to talk about politics.
    0:59:28 I don’t want to talk about this, that,” and I’m like, “Well, we’re going to need to talk
    0:59:34 about something that’s personal to you so that people feel connected to you and can relate
    0:59:36 to you and feel like they know you.”
    0:59:40 I’m so aligned with everything that you’re saying.
    0:59:42 One of my last questions for you on personal branding, and we’re going to start to close
    0:59:47 out this interview, is what are the common mistakes that you see people make with their
    0:59:48 personal brand?
    0:59:52 The number one mistake we already talked about is diluted focus, diluted results.
    0:59:57 Too many messages, too many audiences, too many platforms, too many monetization streams,
    1:00:01 just too much stuff, you need to find one thing.
    1:00:05 If you think about breaking through the wall, literally think about trying to knock down
    1:00:07 a concrete wall.
    1:00:11 Even if you took a sledgehammer, if you hit all different spots on that wall, you’re not
    1:00:13 doing anything to it.
    1:00:19 The only way is to hit the same spot over and over and over and over, and eventually it
    1:00:20 would be frustrating at first, right?
    1:00:23 It would feel like nothing’s happening, but it would chip a little bit, and then it would
    1:00:27 chip a little more, and you hit it over and over and over, and it’s like, “This is how
    1:00:28 it is.
    1:00:33 You’re doing it a consistent, consistent, consistent, same message, really dominating
    1:00:38 your niche,” and then eventually you would crack through the wall, and once that first
    1:00:42 hole opened up, then the whole wall would collapse.
    1:00:44 The mistake is they’re doing too many things.
    1:00:46 They don’t have focus.
    1:00:52 Our entire methodology, our entire curriculum, is actually 14 different two-day experiences.
    1:00:56 That’s like our full, like if you did the full everything we do, there are 14 different
    1:00:57 two-day experiences.
    1:01:04 Well, the very first question in the first experience is a super simple question which
    1:01:11 almost nobody can answer, and it is, “What problem do you solve in one word?
    1:01:15 What problem do you solve for the world in one word?”
    1:01:18 Most people cannot answer that question.
    1:01:21 If you cannot answer that question in one word, there’s no way your audience is ever
    1:01:24 going to be able to answer that question, so how are they going to refer you?
    1:01:26 We buy solutions to problems, right?
    1:01:31 I get a flat tire, I have a flood in the house, and I call a plumber, right?
    1:01:33 We buy solutions to problems.
    1:01:35 You have to be able to articulate the problem you solve.
    1:01:38 If you can’t articulate the problem you solve in one word, this game is over before you
    1:01:40 even started.
    1:01:41 That’s the thing.
    1:01:42 It’s just too much.
    1:01:47 Honestly, that’s the only mistake, Hala, that really matters.
    1:01:49 Probably that and consistency, right?
    1:01:55 Once you get it, everything else is a tactic that can be tweaked or figured out or somebody
    1:02:00 brilliant like you has got the answer for how to do it, you just got to find it.
    1:02:02 You are like a wealth of information.
    1:02:05 First of all, I want to invite you to my mastermind to talk about branding.
    1:02:09 I talk a lot about branding, but I feel like you know so much, so I’d love to invite you
    1:02:10 to my mastermind.
    1:02:13 I know that you actually do free coaching calls at your company.
    1:02:15 Can you tell us about that?
    1:02:16 Yeah, totally.
    1:02:23 We, as I mentioned, we’re very human experience, so we do the first call with everybody for
    1:02:24 free.
    1:02:28 Free brand call dot com forward slash profiting.
    1:02:31 Free brand call dot com forward slash profiting.
    1:02:34 I mentioned freebrandstudy.com forward slash profiting.
    1:02:38 If you just want to download the study, you can go just get the data, but freebrandcall.com
    1:02:43 slash profiting, you can fill out a form and we will do the first call for free with
    1:02:45 everybody.
    1:02:46 We just want to hear your story.
    1:02:50 We want to hear who you are and what you’re about.
    1:02:52 Most of the clients we work with are not the celebrities.
    1:02:57 A lot of my private clients like you are people that are pretty well known, but our company,
    1:03:02 we work with people just starting out to intermediate, to like advance, but all the above.
    1:03:07 But if there’s a shortcut to finding your uniqueness, here’s the pattern that we noticed.
    1:03:09 We didn’t know this when we started the company.
    1:03:12 We figured this out after about like 1500 clients.
    1:03:19 You are always most powerfully positioned to serve the person you once were.
    1:03:26 Your most powerfully positioned to serve the person you once were.
    1:03:30 On our first call, that’s what we usually ask about is who are you?
    1:03:31 Who have you been?
    1:03:32 What challenge have you conquered?
    1:03:34 What setback have you survived?
    1:03:36 What obstacle have you overcome?
    1:03:38 What tragedy have you triumphed over?
    1:03:39 We want to hear your story.
    1:03:44 We want to know about you because we know that if we can really understand your story,
    1:03:49 put a little strategy behind it, then we can set you on a path and reconnect you with
    1:03:54 people like Hala that can give you more and more of the tactics, and you’re going to
    1:03:57 blow up, but we got to find your uniqueness.
    1:04:00 We got to know what is the divine design of your life?
    1:04:02 What is the calling?
    1:04:03 Why are you here?
    1:04:08 And for most of us, at least for our audience of mission-driven messengers, it’s not to
    1:04:09 be famous.
    1:04:14 It’s about serving and serving the person that you once were, your most powerfully positioned
    1:04:16 to serve the person you once were.
    1:04:19 For Young Improfiters, I think you should definitely take Rory up on his offer.
    1:04:21 We’re going to stick all those links in the show notes.
    1:04:23 You should book a free coaching call.
    1:04:27 Rory, I, and my show with two questions that I ask all my guests.
    1:04:32 The first one is, what is one actionable thing our Young Improfiters can do today to become
    1:04:34 more profitable tomorrow?
    1:04:39 Other than requesting a call with us, which is an actionable thing you can do, I would
    1:04:46 ask you specifically when it comes to making money, I would say, look at your business and
    1:04:50 your life, and go, where do you have the most natural momentum?
    1:04:55 Where are you winning the most while trying the least?
    1:05:01 The more that you can lean into that, the faster you will make money.
    1:05:05 Oftentimes, it’s doing the thing you’re already doing, but doing it better and letting go
    1:05:07 of the other stuff.
    1:05:12 It often is serving your current customer in a deeper way.
    1:05:18 And so consumed with millions of followers and more people and more reach, they’re overlooking
    1:05:20 the people that are right in front of them.
    1:05:26 Most of us do not need millions of customers to double our income.
    1:05:33 Most of us would double our best year ever with a couple dozen of our perfect clients.
    1:05:37 So you don’t have to chase the quantity of everything.
    1:05:39 Serve the people who are in front of you.
    1:05:42 Look at where you have the most natural momentum.
    1:05:49 Double down on that and say no, at least temporarily, procrastinate on purpose to everything else.
    1:05:50 So good.
    1:05:52 Such great advice, Rory.
    1:05:54 Very impressed with your interview today.
    1:05:58 My last question for you is, what is your secret to profiting in life, and this can
    1:05:59 go beyond business?
    1:06:00 It’s interesting.
    1:06:04 So I mentioned my wife, AJ, who’s now been my business partner since 2006.
    1:06:10 So she took a spiritual assessment, like your spiritual gifts one time, and she found out
    1:06:13 that her spiritual gift is making money.
    1:06:16 And I’m like, yes, that’s what I’m talking about.
    1:06:21 I want to be a kept man, you know, high role and wifey.
    1:06:31 But in all seriousness, I think that a huge key in someone’s ability to attract money is
    1:06:38 for them to develop a healthy relationship that includes a comfortable separation from
    1:06:39 money.
    1:06:45 People who think of money as a shield or a defense or something that they have to hold
    1:06:49 tightly onto, they never get much more than they have.
    1:06:50 It’s sort of like a closed fist, right?
    1:06:53 You get to keep what’s in your hand, but you’re never going to get more than what’s in there
    1:06:56 because nothing can get out, but nothing can get in.
    1:07:01 The people who have the most money think of money not as like a shield, but as a tool,
    1:07:07 a tool to invest and to use and predominantly to give.
    1:07:11 The reason why as a Christian, I want to make loads and loads of money.
    1:07:15 I don’t need private jets and private islands and all that sort of stuff.
    1:07:21 For me, there is some amount of money that I needed first to get debt free, then to have
    1:07:25 the lifestyle that I wanted to have, which mostly included hiring the staff to do all
    1:07:30 the things that I wanted to do so that I didn’t have to do them.
    1:07:35 After that, you find that that much more money is not really going to satisfy you.
    1:07:44 The truth is, peace is the new profit and giving money and using your money to help
    1:07:50 other people or investing money into your platform in a way that serves people.
    1:07:55 That’s what’s really going to give you peace, not some number in a bank account.
    1:07:56 It just won’t.
    1:08:00 I mean, we had four billionaire clients with a B last year.
    1:08:05 We work with a lot of really wealthy people and I’m telling you, it’s not the amount
    1:08:06 of money.
    1:08:09 They’re all chasing peace and more money won’t give you peace.
    1:08:11 More fame won’t give you peace.
    1:08:16 For me, the greatest source of happiness and peace is service.
    1:08:18 As a Christian, it’s love God and love others.
    1:08:19 That’s the whole message.
    1:08:20 It’s service.
    1:08:23 That’s where you’ll find peace and peace is the new profit.
    1:08:24 So beautiful.
    1:08:25 Peace is new profit.
    1:08:26 I love it.
    1:08:27 Okay.
    1:08:29 So where can everybody learn more about you?
    1:08:32 I know that you’ve got a podcast.
    1:08:33 Remind us about the call.
    1:08:34 Let us know.
    1:08:38 Honestly, if you’re interested in learning about us, I would just say go to one of the
    1:08:46 two places I mentioned, freebrandstudy.com/profiting or freebrandcall.com/profiting.
    1:08:49 Whether you, if you want the study or the call or you know, you could do both, but I
    1:08:50 would just say go there.
    1:08:51 You can learn all about us.
    1:08:52 You can learn about our clients.
    1:08:56 That’ll point you back to me and other places.
    1:08:59 So I would just say go there and let’s be friends.
    1:09:00 Awesome.
    1:09:03 Rory, thank you so much for joining us on Young and Profiting Podcast.
    1:09:05 Hala, thank you so much for having me.
    1:09:10 I’m so impressed by you and thus very, very honored to be a part of this.
    1:09:11 So appreciate it.
    1:09:21 [Music]
    1:09:23 (upbeat music)
    1:09:32 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    When New York Times bestselling author and entrepreneur Rory Vaden wanted to get better at public speaking, he went out and spoke 304 times… for free. It was perhaps the best investment he could have made in himself and his abilities. In this episode, Rory will explain how to communicate effectively and show off your authentic self while building trust. 

    In this episode, Hala and Rory will discuss:

    (00:00) Introduction

    (02:54) Rory Vaden’s Journey to Success

    (05:21) The Power of Public Speaking

    (09:40) Building a Personal Brand

    (24:44) Overcoming Procrastination and Time Management

    (32:04) The Concept of Multiplying Time

    (36:32) Personal Branding Strategies

    (38:01) Mastering Book Launches and Monetization Strategies

    (38:38) The Key to Personal Branding

    (39:53) Breaking Through to Notoriety

    (46:20) The Power of Focus

    (51:13) The Importance of Personal Branding for Professionals

    (57:00) The Three E’s Strategy

    (01:01:50) Common Mistakes in Personal Branding

    Rory Vaden is the New York Times bestselling author of Take the Stairs and Procrastinate on Purpose. He is an 8-figure entrepreneur and a Hall of Fame speaker with a TEDx talk that has more than 5 million views. Today, Rory and his wife serve as the co-founders of Brand Builders Group, where they teach mission-driven messengers to become more well-known and to build and monetize their personal brand. Their clients include people like Lewis Howes from The School of Greatness, Eric Thomas “ET Hip Hop Preacher”, Tom and Lisa Bilyeu from Impact Theory, New York Times bestselling author Luvvie Ajayi Jones, and #1 Wall Street Journal bestselling author Ed Mylett.

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    Transcripts – youngandprofiting.com/episodes-new 

    Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship podcast, Business, Business podcast, Self Improvement, Self-Improvement, Personal development, Starting a business, Strategy, Investing, Sales, Selling, Psychology, Productivity, Entrepreneurs, AI, Artificial Intelligence, Technology, Marketing, Negotiation, Money, Finance, Side hustle, Startup, mental health, Career, Leadership, Mindset, Health, Growth mindset. 

  • Moment 202: Former Mafia Boss EXPOSES How The Real MAFIA KILLS People…

    中文
    Tiếng Việt
    AI transcript
    0:00:03 My dad was involved in 30-35 murders.
    0:00:07 No, he never admitted that to me, about anyone in particular.
    0:00:09 He was indicted for one murder,
    0:00:12 and he was acquitted in that case, found not guilty.
    0:00:16 But my dad was, he was a tough guy, there was no question.
    0:00:17 So…
    0:00:22 If he was involved in 35 murders, as the FBI suggests,
    0:00:25 do you think he was better off behind bars?
    0:00:28 What I’m getting at here, really, is if they framed him,
    0:00:33 was it a net benefit to society that they framed him?
    0:00:35 Well, you know, Steve, let me…
    0:00:36 I know there’s going to be a tough one,
    0:00:41 but let me tell you how I think.
    0:00:46 The right and just side of me, the legally just side of me,
    0:00:51 says that the government is never allowed to break the law,
    0:00:53 to uphold the law, because if you allow that to happen,
    0:00:57 then it falls into monarchy, and people are not protected.
    0:00:59 Because if they do it against sunny frenzies,
    0:01:01 they can do it against anybody.
    0:01:04 So I believe strictly, the government has enough tools
    0:01:07 and weapons to get people the right way,
    0:01:10 and they do 96, 97% of the time.
    0:01:12 They shouldn’t be allowed to violate the law,
    0:01:13 to go after a criminal.
    0:01:15 That’s my feeling on it.
    0:01:19 Now, another thing is this.
    0:01:22 People think when we take an oath, the oath of Omerita,
    0:01:23 it’s an oath to stay silent.
    0:01:27 It’s not an oath to lie, steal, cheat, and kill.
    0:01:28 Does that happen as part of that light?
    0:01:31 Yes, but we’re told straight out.
    0:01:34 Now, try to understand the thinking here.
    0:01:36 You come into that life, you’re told straight out.
    0:01:37 We have rules.
    0:01:40 You don’t ever violate another man’s wife,
    0:01:42 daughter, sister, girl, never.
    0:01:44 That’ll cause you to die.
    0:01:47 During my era, we weren’t allowed to deal with drugs.
    0:01:50 You deal with drugs, you get caught, you die.
    0:01:51 You maybe do some other things.
    0:01:53 You’re not honest with people.
    0:01:54 You disrespect somebody.
    0:01:58 You hit another made guy, you die.
    0:02:01 Now, we understand that, and they tell you.
    0:02:03 Your best friend may be the one that pulls the trigger,
    0:02:06 because the life comes before anything.
    0:02:07 That’s it.
    0:02:08 You don’t violate the rules.
    0:02:10 That’s how we maintain control in this life.
    0:02:12 That’s how we existed for 100 years,
    0:02:14 and that’s how it’s going to stay.
    0:02:18 So now you’re saying, OK, we all agreed to this.
    0:02:19 We all admitted it.
    0:02:24 If one of us decides to violate the policy of the law,
    0:02:28 and we get caught, well, we understand the consequences.
    0:02:32 So that’s how I looked at it, and that’s how I justified it.
    0:02:34 Now, does that say you can go out and start
    0:02:35 to do random killings?
    0:02:37 No.
    0:02:39 If the boss tells you to go kill somebody
    0:02:43 because he doesn’t like them and you do it, that’s not right.
    0:02:45 But if we kill our own, and you know,
    0:02:48 you hear a lot of times, well, we only kill our own.
    0:02:50 Well, we don’t only kill our own.
    0:02:54 But if we only kill our own, knowing that we made that choice,
    0:02:58 well, then, OK, I kind of get it anyway.
    0:02:59 Even though murder is murdering, it’s a crime,
    0:03:02 and it’s sinful, and I understand that.
    0:03:04 But that’s how you justified it.
    0:03:07 But it wasn’t the case that you only killed your own.
    0:03:09 Well, for some of us, it was.
    0:03:11 And for others, it was not.
    0:03:13 And I’ve seen both sides of that.
    0:03:18 You’ve never talked about having to kill someone, have you?
    0:03:19 No.
    0:03:21 Why is that?
    0:03:26 It’s just not a subject I can get into, you know?
    0:03:33 I– listen, I like to be as honest as I possibly can,
    0:03:37 because I am a Christian, and you don’t want to lie to people.
    0:03:41 But it’s not something I want to talk about.
    0:03:43 I was wondering, because when I read that,
    0:03:45 I thought maybe it’s because, you know,
    0:03:47 there’s something that might be legal retribution.
    0:03:51 Maybe it’s because, you know, it’s not nice for people to hear about.
    0:03:54 Maybe it’s because there’s still some kind of, like, rule
    0:03:56 where you can’t say anything.
    0:03:58 But I wondered why.
    0:03:59 Maybe it’s all of the above, I don’t know.
    0:04:01 Well, you know, Steve, look, there’s guys–
    0:04:03 there’s a lot of guys on the street now.
    0:04:05 And if you go on YouTube, you’ll see a number of them.
    0:04:08 And they’ve admitted to murders that they were involved in.
    0:04:10 These are made guys, and they’ve admitted to it.
    0:04:13 And many of them had struck a deal with the government.
    0:04:16 They had immunity for the crimes they committed, even murder.
    0:04:18 I mean, the government give you immunity for murder
    0:04:23 if they want you to cooperate and help them out.
    0:04:25 It’s amazing, but they’ll do it.
    0:04:26 And so they have immunity.
    0:04:28 They could talk about their crimes.
    0:04:30 I didn’t cooperate to that level at all.
    0:04:33 I don’t have immunity for anything that I’ve done in the past.
    0:04:33 You know?
    0:04:36 And listen, you know, our laws here in the United States,
    0:04:38 if you were standing next to somebody
    0:04:41 when they murdered somebody else, you could be charged for murder
    0:04:43 the same way that them.
    0:04:46 So, you know, I’m just saying I was in that position.
    0:04:48 I’m just saying that’s the law.
    0:04:49 So, you know, why talk about it?
    0:04:53 Number one, and number two, murder is ugly.
    0:04:55 You know, it’s ugly.
    0:04:57 And you don’t ever want to talk about it.
    0:04:58 I mean, I don’t–
    0:05:00 if I were to do something like that,
    0:05:02 I wouldn’t be proud of it.
    0:05:05 I’m not trying to throw my chest out and say, hey, look,
    0:05:05 what I could do.
    0:05:06 Guys go to war.
    0:05:08 They kill people all the time, you know,
    0:05:09 in defense of our country or defensive.
    0:05:15 So, I mean, it’s not like, oh, God, you know, nobody–
    0:05:17 I mean, murder happens every single day.
    0:05:19 Who wants to talk about it?
    0:05:20 Some people do.
    0:05:20 I know.
    0:05:23 Not me.
    0:05:27 You got closer to the mafia when your father was sent down.
    0:05:30 And this was the point where you decided not to go to school.
    0:05:33 The boss of the Colombo family brings you close,
    0:05:36 brings you under his wing.
    0:05:38 Do you have to do some kind of training or something
    0:05:39 to join the mafia, is there any?
    0:05:40 Oh, you do.
    0:05:40 Oh, yeah.
    0:05:43 Well, when you come into it, here’s what happened.
    0:05:44 I leave there.
    0:05:45 A captain in a family picked me up
    0:05:47 and took me to see the boss.
    0:05:50 Now, unfortunately, Joe Colombo was assassinated.
    0:05:52 He was shot, seriously wounded.
    0:05:53 He lingered for about seven years,
    0:05:56 and then he died as a result of these wounds.
    0:05:59 So a new boss took over, and he’s passed away now.
    0:06:00 And I sat with him.
    0:06:03 This was about two weeks after my father sent word downtown
    0:06:06 that he was proposing me to be part of that life.
    0:06:08 If you can’t just go up to somebody, say, I’d like to join.
    0:06:10 Somebody has to propose you, vouch for you,
    0:06:12 say you have what it takes.
    0:06:14 There’s a lot of nepotism in that life.
    0:06:17 A lot of fathers brought their sons in, their nephews,
    0:06:18 whatever.
    0:06:21 So in my case, it was my dad that proposed me.
    0:06:24 And so I sat with the boss, and he said to me, here’s the deal.
    0:06:26 You want to become a member of our life.
    0:06:28 Your father sent the message, is that true?
    0:06:29 And I said, yes.
    0:06:31 He’s, well, here’s the deal.
    0:06:33 From now on, 24 hours a day, seven days a week,
    0:06:37 you’re on call to serve this family, the Colombo family.
    0:06:40 That means if your mother is sick and she’s dying,
    0:06:43 you’re at her bedside, we call you to service,
    0:06:45 you leave your mother, you come and serve us.
    0:06:46 From now on, we’re number one in your life
    0:06:48 before anything and everything.
    0:06:51 When and if we feel you’ve deserved this privilege,
    0:06:53 this honor to become a member, we’ll let you know.
    0:06:55 That’s it.
    0:06:56 And do you accept that?
    0:06:57 And I said, yes, I do.
    0:06:59 And so over the next two and a half years,
    0:07:02 I was in like a recruit pledge period
    0:07:04 where I had to do anything and everything I was told to do,
    0:07:06 prove myself worthy.
    0:07:08 Could have been something very menial,
    0:07:10 a lot of discipline in that life, a lot of authority,
    0:07:12 a lot of alleged respect.
    0:07:13 You had a meeting at eight o’clock,
    0:07:15 you weren’t there at seven 30, you were late.
    0:07:17 You could never be late in that life.
    0:07:18 I don’t care what the situation is.
    0:07:20 You had a meeting at eight o’clock,
    0:07:22 if there was traffic and you were concerned,
    0:07:24 come the night before and sleep in the car.
    0:07:26 Can never be late, no excuses.
    0:07:28 You know, drive the bus to a meeting,
    0:07:30 sit in the car three, four, five hours.
    0:07:32 God forbid you leave, you go to the restroom,
    0:07:35 get a newspaper, he comes out and you’re not there.
    0:07:37 Oh my gosh, we could have had trouble.
    0:07:39 You were the getaway driver, you weren’t there.
    0:07:42 I know I did that once and I paid the price for it.
    0:07:44 That’s very serious stuff.
    0:07:45 – You paid the price?
    0:07:46 – Well, paid the price, in other words,
    0:07:47 I got a real good tongue lashing.
    0:07:51 I’ll tell you, you know, just stuff like that.
    0:07:53 They kind of put you on the shelf for two weeks
    0:07:56 to make you understand the seriousness of what you did.
    0:07:57 So you never do it again.
    0:08:00 You never repeat your mistakes in that life.
    0:08:02 If you’re smart, if you’re number one,
    0:08:04 wanna survive and number two, you wanna move up.
    0:08:06 You never repeat your mistakes.
    0:08:08 So, you know, things like that.
    0:08:09 And then look, I’m gonna be honest with you.
    0:08:12 You know, as honest as I possibly can.
    0:08:14 It’s a violent life at times.
    0:08:16 If you’re part of the life in some shape or form,
    0:08:18 you’re part of the violence.
    0:08:19 And if anybody tells you differently,
    0:08:21 they’re either not being honest
    0:08:22 or they weren’t a made member of that life.
    0:08:24 And that’s just how it goes.
    0:08:26 – Why’d you say that?
    0:08:28 ‘Cause you said the menial and then you said,
    0:08:29 it’s a violent life.
    0:08:34 Are you saying that in that sort of probationary two years,
    0:08:35 you had to do both of those things.
    0:08:36 You had to be involved in the violence
    0:08:38 and do the menial stuff.
    0:08:39 – Let’s put it this way.
    0:08:40 They gotta have enough faith in you
    0:08:44 that you can be capable of doing
    0:08:45 whatever it is they tell you to do.
    0:08:49 They have to understand that and feel that
    0:08:52 because if they don’t feel that, you’re not going anywhere.
    0:08:53 That’s it.
    0:08:56 So during that time, you’re gonna be tested.
    0:08:59 – And you were tested?
    0:09:00 – Yeah.
    0:09:03 – When they made you pledge that if your mother was dying
    0:09:05 and you were at her bedside and they called you
    0:09:07 and asked you to do something, you’d leave.
    0:09:10 Would you have left if your mother was dying?
    0:09:11 – Back then, I mean, I might have.
    0:09:15 I mean, I was a played by the rule guy.
    0:09:22 I was very fortunate that I had a great teacher in my dad.
    0:09:24 He was a student and master of the life.
    0:09:27 And so, and I was like a sponge.
    0:09:30 I absorbed whatever my dad told me, I listened.
    0:09:33 And some of the things that he told me were right.
    0:09:36 So I might have at the time, I’m gonna be honest with you.
    0:09:39 I mean, I don’t know, it would have to depend
    0:09:41 on what’s happening at that moment.
    0:09:44 But, you know, I was so indoctrinated into that life
    0:09:47 at some point, it’s who I was.
    0:09:51 – Sounds a bit like a cult, in a way.
    0:09:54 – It’s cult-like, I guess, you know, in a way.
    0:09:56 I mean, we didn’t do silly things, you know.
    0:09:59 We went to have rituals and ceremonies
    0:10:02 other than that one, yeah, other than that one.
    0:10:03 Nothing after that, but.
    0:10:08 – What did it teach you about people skills?
    0:10:10 Because you’re around these bosses,
    0:10:12 these very talented men.
    0:10:14 You’re seeing how they conduct themselves,
    0:10:17 do business, influence people, win friends.
    0:10:20 What did that phase of your life teach you about
    0:10:24 how to be a motivator/manipulator of people?
    0:10:26 – Yeah, it taught me well.
    0:10:27 I think I got it.
    0:10:30 You know, there’s kind of two levels in that life.
    0:10:35 You’re either a racketeer or you’re a gangster.
    0:10:36 – What’s the difference?
    0:10:38 – I’ll tell you the difference.
    0:10:41 A gangster is a guy that really doesn’t know
    0:10:44 how to use that life to benefit him in business.
    0:10:48 So he’s more of a, I don’t want to say tough guy,
    0:10:49 I don’t want to say the term,
    0:10:51 but he’s more of a guy that, hey, we had something done,
    0:10:53 this is the guy, send him out, let him do it.
    0:10:56 ‘Cause you gotta earn your keep in that life.
    0:11:00 We in the Colombo family had 115 made guys at that time.
    0:11:04 Out of the 115, 20 of us were really earning money
    0:11:06 and supporting the family in some way
    0:11:09 and really elevating the family.
    0:11:11 We were racketeers.
    0:11:13 Now a gangster could never really be a racketeer,
    0:11:15 he just doesn’t know how.
    0:11:17 But a racketeer has to be a gangster also,
    0:11:19 ’cause you’re gonna be called upon.
    0:11:21 Not as much as this guy,
    0:11:23 but when you’re called upon, you gotta do it.
    0:11:27 So, you know, I was more of a racketeer.
    0:11:30 And as a result of that, I was constantly
    0:11:33 in business disputes and sitting down with other guys.
    0:11:36 And you have to learn, you know, how to negotiate.
    0:11:40 I mean, I learned the art of negotiation at these sit downs.
    0:11:42 You know, learned how to try to, you know,
    0:11:45 really before I walk into a meeting with somebody,
    0:11:49 number one, try to know the personality of that person.
    0:11:51 Know if there’s a fallback position,
    0:11:53 if I’m not winning, what I’ll accept.
    0:11:55 And so I had to prepare myself for these meetings.
    0:11:58 ‘Cause unprepared, you know, they’ll chew you up.
    0:12:02 ‘Cause a lot of these old time was very skillful.
    0:12:04 And believe me, you could be 100% right and end up wrong.
    0:12:06 And they’ll put you in a trap.
    0:12:08 So you really had to know what you were doing.
    0:12:10 And so my people skills in that regard,
    0:12:15 as far as negotiating and identifying a true leader,
    0:12:19 were really honed to a, you know, a high degree
    0:12:23 because I came out on top many, many times.
    0:12:26 (upbeat music)
    0:12:27 (upbeat music)
    Bố tôi đã tham gia vào 30-35 vụ giết người.
    Không, ông ấy chưa bao giờ thừa nhận điều đó với tôi, về bất kỳ ai cụ thể.
    Ông ấy đã bị truy tố vì một vụ giết người,
    và ông ấy đã được tuyên bố không có tội trong vụ đó.
    Nhưng bố tôi thì, ông ấy là một người đàn ông cứng rắn, điều đó không cần phải bàn cãi.
    Vậy…
    Nếu ông ấy tham gia vào 35 vụ giết người, như FBI gợi ý,
    bạn có nghĩ rằng ông ấy sẽ tốt hơn nếu ở sau song sắt?
    Điều tôi muốn nói ở đây, thực sự, là nếu họ đã làm giả bằng chứng chống lại ông ấy,
    thì liệu việc đó có mang lại lợi ích cho xã hội không?
    Chà, bạn biết đó, Steve, để tôi…
    Tôi biết đây sẽ là một câu hỏi khó,
    nhưng để tôi cho bạn biết cách tôi suy nghĩ.
    Phần đúng và công bằng trong tôi, phần pháp lý trong tôi,
    nói rằng chính phủ không bao giờ được phép vi phạm pháp luật,
    để bảo vệ pháp luật, bởi vì nếu bạn cho phép điều đó xảy ra,
    thì nó sẽ rơi vào chế độ quân chủ, và mọi người sẽ không được bảo vệ.
    Bởi vì nếu họ làm điều đó với những cơn điên cuồng tạm thời,
    họ có thể làm điều đó với bất kỳ ai.
    Vì vậy, tôi tin rằng chính phủ có đủ công cụ
    và vũ khí để đưa người dân đi đúng con đường,
    và họ làm 96, 97% thời gian.
    Họ không nên được phép vi phạm pháp luật,
    để theo đuổi một kẻ phạm tội.
    Đó là cảm giác của tôi về điều đó.
    Bây giờ, một điều khác là như thế này.
    Mọi người nghĩ rằng khi chúng ta tuyên thệ, thệ Omerita,
    đó là một lời thề giữ im lặng.
    Đó không phải là lời thề để nói dối, ăn cắp, gian lận và giết người.
    Điều đó có xảy ra như một phần của cuộc sống đó không?
    Có, nhưng chúng tôi được nói thẳng ra.
    Bây giờ, hãy cố gắng hiểu suy nghĩ ở đây.
    Bạn bước vào cuộc sống đó, bạn được nói thẳng ra.
    Chúng tôi có quy tắc.
    Bạn không bao giờ vi phạm vợ, con gái, em gái, bạn gái của một người khác, không bao giờ.
    Điều đó sẽ khiến bạn chết.
    Trong thời đại của tôi, chúng tôi không được phép dính líu đến ma túy.
    Bạn dính líu đến ma túy, bạn bị bắt, bạn chết.
    Có thể bạn làm một số điều khác.
    Bạn không trung thực với mọi người.
    Bạn xúc phạm ai đó.
    Bạn đánh một người đã làm, bạn chết.
    Bây giờ, chúng tôi hiểu điều đó, và họ nói với bạn.
    Người bạn tốt nhất của bạn có thể là người bóp cò,
    bởi vì cuộc sống đó đứng trước bất cứ điều gì.
    Thế thôi.
    Bạn không vi phạm quy tắc.
    Đó là cách chúng tôi duy trì kiểm soát trong cuộc sống này.
    Đó là cách chúng tôi tồn tại trong 100 năm,
    và đó là cách nó sẽ vẫn như vậy.
    Vì vậy, bây giờ bạn đang nói, OK, chúng ta đều đồng ý với điều này.
    Chúng ta đều thừa nhận điều đó.
    Nếu một trong chúng ta quyết định vi phạm chính sách của pháp luật,
    và chúng ta bị bắt, thì thôi, chúng ta hiểu hậu quả.
    Vì vậy, đó là cách tôi xem xét nó, và đó là cách tôi biện minh cho nó.
    Bây giờ, điều đó có nói rằng bạn có thể ra ngoài và bắt đầu
    làm những vụ giết người ngẫu nhiên không?
    Không.
    Nếu ông chủ bảo bạn đi giết ai đó
    bởi vì ông ấy không thích họ và bạn làm điều đó, thì điều đó là không đúng.
    Nhưng nếu chúng tôi giết chính người của mình, và bạn biết đấy,
    bạn sẽ nghe rất nhiều lần, ồ, chúng tôi chỉ giết chính người của mình.
    Thật ra, chúng tôi không chỉ giết chính người của mình.
    Nhưng nếu chúng tôi chỉ giết chính người của mình, biết rằng chúng tôi đã chọn điều đó,
    thì, ok, tôi kiểu hiểu vậy.
    Mặc dù giết người là giết người, đó là một tội ác,
    và đó là một tội lỗi, và tôi hiểu điều đó.
    Nhưng đó là cách bạn biện minh cho nó.
    Nhưng không phải chỉ là bạn giết chính người của mình.
    Chà, đối với một số người trong chúng tôi, thì đúng.
    Và đối với những người khác, thì không đúng.
    Và tôi đã thấy cả hai phía của điều đó.
    Bạn chưa bao giờ nói về việc phải giết ai đó, đúng không?
    Không.
    Tại sao vậy?
    Đó chỉ không phải là một chủ đề mà tôi có thể đi vào, bạn biết không?
    Tôi– nghe này, tôi muốn trung thực nhất có thể,
    bởi vì tôi là một người Ki-tô giáo, và bạn không muốn nói dối mọi người.
    Nhưng đó không phải là điều mà tôi muốn nói về.
    Tôi đã tự hỏi, bởi vì khi tôi đọc điều đó,
    tôi nghĩ có thể đó là bởi vì, bạn biết đấy,
    có điều gì đó có thể là sự trừng phạt hợp pháp.
    Có thể đó là vì, bạn biết đấy, thật không tốt cho mọi người khi nghe về điều đó.
    Có thể đó là bởi vì vẫn còn một loại quy tắc nào đó
    nơi bạn không thể nói bất cứ điều gì.
    Nhưng tôi tự hỏi tại sao.
    Có thể đó là tất cả những điều trên, tôi không biết.
    Chà, bạn biết đấy, Steve, nhìn này, có những người–
    có rất nhiều người trên phố bây giờ.
    Và nếu bạn vào YouTube, bạn sẽ thấy một số trong số họ.
    Và họ đã thừa nhận các vụ giết người mà họ đã tham gia.
    Đây là những người đã được làm, và họ đã thừa nhận điều đó.
    Và nhiều người trong số họ đã đạt được thỏa thuận với chính phủ.
    Họ đã được miễn truy cứu cho các tội ác mà họ đã phạm, thậm chí cả giết người.
    Ý tôi là, chính phủ sẽ cho bạn miễn truy cứu cho tội giết người
    nếu họ muốn bạn hợp tác và giúp họ.
    Điều đó thật đáng kinh ngạc, nhưng họ sẽ làm điều đó.
    Và vì vậy họ có sự miễn truy cứu.
    Họ có thể nói về các tội ác của mình.
    Tôi không hợp tác đến mức đó chút nào.
    Tôi không có miễn truy cứu cho bất cứ điều gì mà tôi đã làm trong quá khứ.
    Bạn biết không?
    Và nghe này, bạn biết đấy, luật pháp của chúng ta ở Hoa Kỳ,
    nếu bạn đứng cạnh ai đó khi họ giết một người khác,
    bạn có thể bị buộc tội giết người
    ngang bằng với họ.
    Vì vậy, bạn biết đấy, tôi chỉ đang nói rằng tôi đã ở trong vị trí đó.
    Tôi chỉ đang nói rằng đó là luật.
    Vì vậy, bạn biết đấy, tại sao lại nói về điều đó?
    Thứ nhất, và thứ hai, giết người là xấu xí.
    Bạn biết đấy, nó xấu xí.
    Và bạn không bao giờ muốn nói về điều đó.
    Ý tôi là, tôi không–
    nếu tôi làm điều gì đó như vậy,
    tôi sẽ không tự hào về điều đó.
    Tôi không cố gắng khoe khoang và nói, hey, nhìn xem,
    tôi có thể làm gì.
    Các chàng trai đi chiến tranh.
    Họ giết người mọi lúc, bạn biết không,
    để bảo vệ đất nước của chúng ta hoặc để tự vệ.
    Vì vậy, ý tôi là, không phải như, ôi trời, bạn biết đấy, không ai–
    ý tôi là, giết người xảy ra mỗi ngày.
    Ai muốn nói về điều đó?
    Một số người thì có.
    Tôi biết.
    Không phải tôi.
    Bạn đã đến gần mafia hơn khi cha bạn bị bắt.
    Và đây là lúc bạn quyết định không đến trường.
    Ông chủ của gia đình Colombo đưa bạn gần lại,
    mang bạn dưới cánh của ông.
    Bạn có phải làm loại huấn luyện gì đó
    để gia nhập mafia không, có không?
    Ôi, bạn có.
    Ôi có.
    Khi bạn đến với nó, đây là những gì đã xảy ra.
    Tôi rời khỏi đó.
    Một thuyền trưởng trong một gia đình đã đón tôi
    và đưa tôi đến gặp ông chủ.
    Bây giờ, thật không may, Joe Colombo đã bị ám sát.
    Ông ấy đã bị bắn, bị thương nặng.
    Ông ấy đã kéo dài khoảng bảy năm,
    và sau đó ông ấy đã chết do những vết thương này.
    Vì vậy, một ông chủ mới đã lên nắm quyền, và ông ấy đã qua đời bây giờ.
    Và tôi đã ngồi với ông ấy.
    Cách đây khoảng hai tuần sau khi cha tôi gửi tin xuống trung tâm thành phố rằng ông ấy đang đề nghị tôi tham gia vào cuộc sống đó. Bạn không thể đơn giản đi đến một ai đó và nói rằng bạn muốn tham gia. Ai đó phải đề nghị bạn, bảo lãnh cho bạn, nói rằng bạn có những gì cần thiết. Có rất nhiều chủ nghĩa gia đình trong cuộc sống đó. Nhiều ông bố đã đưa con trai, cháu trai của họ vào, bất cứ ai. Vì vậy, trong trường hợp của tôi, chính cha tôi đã đề nghị tôi. Và vì vậy tôi đã ngồi với ông chủ, và ông ấy nói với tôi, đây là thỏa thuận. Bạn muốn trở thành một thành viên của cuộc sống của chúng tôi. Cha bạn đã gửi tin nhắn, có đúng không? Và tôi đã nói, vâng. Ông ấy nói, vâng, đây là thỏa thuận. Từ bây giờ, 24 giờ một ngày, bảy ngày một tuần, bạn sẵn sàng phục vụ gia đình này, gia đình Colombo. Điều đó có nghĩa là nếu mẹ bạn ốm và đang hấp hối, bạn sẽ ở bên giường của bà ấy, nếu chúng tôi gọi bạn đến phục vụ, bạn sẽ bỏ mẹ bạn và đến phục vụ chúng tôi. Từ bây giờ, chúng tôi là số một trong cuộc sống của bạn trước bất cứ điều gì và mọi thứ. Khi nào và nếu chúng tôi cảm thấy bạn xứng đáng với đặc quyền này, danh dự này để trở thành một thành viên, chúng tôi sẽ cho bạn biết. Chỉ có vậy thôi. Và bạn có chấp nhận điều đó không? Tôi đã nói, vâng, tôi chấp nhận. Và vì vậy trong hai năm rưỡi tiếp theo, tôi đã trải qua một giai đoạn như là một tân binh, nơi tôi phải làm bất kỳ điều gì và mọi thứ mà tôi được bảo, để chứng minh mình xứng đáng. Có thể là những điều rất tầm thường, có rất nhiều kỷ luật trong cuộc sống đó, rất nhiều quyền lực, rất nhiều sự kính trọng được cho là. Bạn có cuộc họp vào lúc tám giờ, nếu bạn không có mặt lúc bảy giờ ba mươi, bạn đã đến muộn. Bạn không bao giờ được đến muộn trong cuộc sống đó. Tôi không quan tâm đến tình huống nào. Bạn có cuộc họp vào lúc tám giờ, nếu có kẹt xe và bạn lo lắng, hãy đến vào tối hôm trước và ngủ trong xe. Không bao giờ được đến muộn, không có lý do nào cả. Bạn biết đấy, lái xe đến cuộc họp, ngồi trong xe ba, bốn, năm giờ. Chúa ơi, nếu bạn rời đi, bạn đi đến nhà vệ sinh, lấy một tờ báo, mà bạn ra ngoài mà không có mặt. Ôi trời, chúng ta có thể đã gặp rắc rối. Bạn là tài xế chạy trốn, bạn không có mặt ở đó. Tôi biết tôi đã làm điều đó một lần và tôi đã phải trả giá cho điều đó. Đó là những chuyện rất nghiêm trọng. – Bạn đã phải trả giá à? – Vâng, trả giá, nói cách khác, tôi đã bị một trận mắng vì điều đó. Tôi sẽ nói với bạn, bạn biết đấy, chỉ là những chuyện như vậy. Họ đưa bạn vào một góc trong hai tuần để khiến bạn hiểu sự nghiêm trọng của những gì bạn đã làm. Để bạn không bao giờ lặp lại. Bạn không bao giờ lặp lại những sai lầm của mình trong cuộc sống đó. Nếu bạn thông minh, nếu bạn là số một, muốn sống sót và số hai, bạn muốn thăng tiến. Bạn không bao giờ lặp lại những sai lầm của mình. Vì vậy, bạn biết, những điều như vậy. Và sau đó nhìn, tôi sẽ nói thật với bạn. Bạn biết đấy, thật chân thành nhất có thể. Đó là một cuộc sống bạo lực đôi khi. Nếu bạn là một phần của cuộc sống theo cách nào đó, bạn là một phần của bạo lực. Và nếu có ai đó bảo bạn điều khác, họ hoặc là không thành thật hoặc họ không phải là thành viên chính thức của cuộc sống đó. Và đó là cách mọi thứ diễn ra. – Tại sao bạn lại nói như thế? Bởi vì bạn đã nói về những điều tầm thường và rồi bạn đã nói, đó là một cuộc sống bạo lực. Bạn có đang nói rằng trong thời gian thử thách hai năm đó, bạn đã phải làm cả hai điều đó. Bạn đã phải tham gia vào bạo lực và làm những việc tầm thường. – Hãy để tôi nói như thế này. Họ phải có đủ niềm tin vào bạn rằng bạn có khả năng làm bất kỳ điều gì mà họ bảo bạn làm. Họ phải hiểu điều đó và cảm nhận điều đó vì nếu họ không cảm thấy như vậy, bạn sẽ không đi đâu cả. Chỉ có vậy thôi. Vì vậy, trong thời gian đó, bạn sẽ bị thử thách. – Và bạn đã bị thử thách? – Vâng. – Khi họ buộc bạn phải thề rằng nếu mẹ bạn đang hấp hối và bạn ở bên giường của bà và họ gọi bạn và yêu cầu bạn làm điều gì đó, bạn sẽ ra đi. Bạn có rời đi không nếu mẹ bạn đang hấp hối? – Lúc đó, tôi có thể đã làm. Tôi có nghĩa là, tôi là người tuân theo quy tắc. Tôi rất may mắn khi có một người thầy tuyệt vời là cha tôi. Ông ấy là một học trò và cũng là bậc thầy của cuộc sống. Và vì vậy, và tôi như một miếng bọt biển. Tôi hấp thụ mọi thứ mà cha tôi nói với tôi, tôi đã lắng nghe. Và một số điều mà ông ấy đã nói với tôi là đúng. Vì vậy, có thể tôi đã làm lúc đó, tôi sẽ thành thật với bạn. Ý tôi là, tôi không biết, nó sẽ phụ thuộc vào những gì xảy ra vào thời điểm đó. Nhưng, bạn biết đấy, tôi đã bị indoctrinated vào cuộc sống đó đến một mức độ nào đó, đó là con người tôi. – Nghe có vẻ giống như một cult, theo cách nào đó. – Nó giống cult, tôi đoán, bạn biết đấy, theo cách nào đó. Ý tôi là, chúng tôi không làm những điều ngớ ngẩn, bạn biết đấy. Chúng tôi có các nghi lễ và lễ hội khác ngoài cái đó, vâng, ngoài cái đó. Không có gì sau đó, nhưng. – Nó đã dạy bạn điều gì về kỹ năng giao tiếp? Bởi vì bạn ở quanh những ông chủ này, những người đàn ông rất tài năng. Bạn đang thấy cách họ cư xử, làm ăn, ảnh hưởng đến người khác, kết bạn. Giai đoạn đó trong cuộc đời bạn đã dạy bạn điều gì về cách trở thành một người động viên/người thao túng người khác? – Vâng, nó đã dạy tôi rất tốt. Tôi nghĩ tôi đã hiểu nó. Bạn biết đấy, có hai cấp độ trong cuộc sống đó. Bạn hoặc là một tay cờ bạc hoặc bạn là một tên cướp. – Sự khác biệt là gì? – Tôi sẽ nói cho bạn biết sự khác biệt. Một tên cướp là một người thật sự không biết cách sử dụng cuộc sống đó để có lợi cho bản thân trong công việc. Vì vậy, anh ta giống như, tôi không muốn gọi là người đàn ông mạnh mẽ, tôi không muốn nói cụm từ đó, nhưng anh ta hơn giống như một người mà, này, chúng tôi đã làm được một cái gì đó, đây là người, hãy cử anh ta đi, để anh ta làm điều đó. Bởi vì bạn phải kiếm sống trong cuộc sống đó. Chúng tôi trong gia đình Colombo có 115 thành viên chính thức vào thời điểm đó. Trong số 115 người đó, 20 người chúng tôi thực sự kiếm được tiền và hỗ trợ gia đình theo một cách nào đó và thực sự nâng cao gia đình. Chúng tôi là những tay cờ bạc. Giờ thì một tên cướp không bao giờ thực sự có thể là một tay cờ bạc, anh ta chỉ không biết cách. Nhưng một tay cờ bạc cũng phải là một tên cướp, bởi vì bạn sẽ được gọi đến. Không nhiều như người này, nhưng khi bạn được gọi, bạn phải làm điều đó. Vì vậy, bạn biết đấy, tôi là một tay cờ bạc hơn. Và kết quả của điều đó, tôi thường xuyên tham gia vào các tranh chấp kinh doanh và ngồi xuống với những người khác. Và bạn phải học, bạn biết đấy, cách thương lượng. Ý tôi là, tôi đã học nghệ thuật thương lượng trong những cuộc họp đó.
    Bạn biết đấy, tôi đã học cách cố gắng, bạn biết không,
    trước khi tôi bước vào một cuộc họp với ai đó,
    điều đầu tiên là cố gắng tìm hiểu tính cách của người đó.
    Biết được nếu có một vị trí dự phòng,
    nếu tôi không thắng, tôi sẽ chấp nhận điều gì.
    Vì vậy, tôi đã phải chuẩn bị cho những cuộc họp này.
    Bởi vì nếu không chuẩn bị, bạn biết đấy, họ sẽ khiến bạn phải nếm trái đắng.
    Nhiều người trong số những người cũ đã rất khéo léo.
    Và hãy tin tôi, bạn có thể 100% đúng nhưng vẫn có thể kết thúc sai.
    Họ sẽ dồn bạn vào thế bí.
    Vì vậy, bạn thật sự phải biết mình đang làm gì.
    Kỹ năng giao tiếp của tôi trong vấn đề này,
    về đàm phán và xác định một nhà lãnh đạo thực thụ,
    thực sự đã được rèn giũa đến một mức độ cao
    vì tôi đã đứng đầu nhiều, rất nhiều lần.
    (music)
    (music)
    我爸爸參與了30到35宗謀殺案。
    不,他從未向我承認過任何特定的人。
    他因一起謀殺被起訴,
    並在那起案件中被判無罪。
    但我爸爸確實是一個強硬的人,毫無疑問。
    所以……
    如果他涉及了35宗謀殺案,如同FBI所暗示的,
    你認為他應該在監獄裡更好嗎?
    我想問的是,如果他被冤枉,
    這樣的冤枉對社會是否有利?
    嗯,你知道,史蒂夫,讓我……
    我知道這將是一個艱難的問題,
    但我想告訴你我的想法。
    我心中正義的一面,合法的一面,
    認為政府絕不應該違法,
    為了執法,因為如果你容許這種情況發生,
    那就會滑向君主制,人民就得不到保護。
    因為如果他們對一個無辜者這樣做,
    那麼對任何人都可以這樣。
    所以我堅信,政府擁有足夠的工具
    和武器以正確的方式處理人問題,
    而他們有96%、97%的時間都是這樣做的。
    他們不應被允許違反法律,
    以追緝一名罪犯。
    這是我的感覺。
    現在,還有另一件事。
    人們認為當我們宣誓,宣誓遵守沉默誓言,
    這是一項保持沉默的誓言。
    這不是一項說謊、偷竊、欺騙和謀殺的誓言。
    這樣的事情在那種生活中會發生嗎?
    是的,但我們是明說的。
    現在,試著理解這裡的思想。
    你進入這樣的生活時,明確告訴你。
    我們有規則。
    絕對不能侵犯別人的妻子、
    女兒、姐姐或女友,永遠不可以。
    這會讓你喪命。
    在我的年代,我們不允許接觸毒品。
    你接觸毒品,被抓到,就會死。
    你或許做其他的事情。
    你不誠實對待別人。
    你不尊重某人。
    你打了另一個正式成員,你就會死。
    現在,我們理解這些,他們告訴你。
    你最好的朋友可能就是按下扳機的人,
    因為這種生活在任何事之前都是首位的。
    就這樣。
    你不違反規則。
    這就是我們在這種生活中維持控制的方式。
    這就是我們存在了一百年的原因,
    而且這樣的情況會一直持續下去。
    所以現在你在說,好吧,我們都同意這一點。
    我們都承認了。
    如果我們中的一個人決定違反法律政策,
    而且被抓住,嗯,我們知道後果。
    所以我就是這樣看待它的,這也是我讓自己理解的方式。
    那麼,這是否意味著你可以隨便出去
    開始隨機殺戮?
    不。
    如果老大告訴你去殺某個人
    因為他不喜歡他,而你這麼做,那是不對的。
    但如果我們殺了自己的同伴,你知道,
    你常常聽到,好吧,我們只殺我們自己人。
    其實我們不只是殺自己的同伴。
    但如果我們只殺自己的同胞,知道我們做了那個選擇,
    好吧,那麼,我差不多能理解了。
    即使謀殺就是謀殺,這是一種罪行,
    而且是罪惡的,我明白這一點。
    但你這樣讓自己理解了。
    但事實不是你們只殺自己的同胞。
    對於我們中的一些人來說,是如此。
    而對其他人來說則不是。
    我看過這兩種情況。
    你從來沒有談起過要殺人,對吧?
    沒有。
    為什麼?
    這不是我能進入的話題,你知道?
    我——聽著,我想盡可能誠實,
    因為我是基督徒,你不想對人撒謊。
    但這不是我想談的事情。
    我在想,因為當我讀到這些時,
    我在想,也許這是因為,你知道,
    可能會有法律上的報復。
    也許是因為,你知道,這對人來說聽起來不友好。
    也許是因為還有一些類似的規則,
    讓你不能說任何事情。
    但我在想為什麼。
    也許是以上所有原因,我不知道。
    嗯,你知道,史蒂夫,看看,街上有很多人。
    如果你上YouTube,你會看到許多這樣的人。
    他們承認了自己參與的謀殺。
    這些都是正式成員,他們都承認了。
    而且他們中的許多人與政府達成了交易。
    他們對於所犯的罪行,包括謀殺,獲得了豁免。
    我的意思是,政府會給你謀殺的豁免,
    如果他們希望你合作並幫助他們。
    這很驚人,但他們會這樣做。
    所以他們獲得了豁免。
    他們可以談論自己的罪行。
    我完全沒有合作到那種程度。
    我對我過去所做的事情沒有任何豁免。
    你知道嗎?
    而且請注意,我們在美國的法律,
    如果你站在某人旁邊,
    當他謀殺其他人時,你可能會受到謀殺的控告,
    就像他一樣。
    所以,這就是我處於那種位置。
    我只是在說這是法律。
    所以,你知道,為什麼要談論這些?
    第一點,第二點,謀殺是醜陋的。
    你知道,這是醜陋的。
    而且你不想談論這個。
    我的意思是,我不想——
    如果我要做那樣的事情,
    我不會感到驕傲。
    我不是想自誇,說,嘿,看看我能做什麼。
    人們打仗。
    他們經常殺人,為了保衛我們的國家或進行防禦。
    所以,我的意思是,這並不是說,哦,天啊,沒有人——
    我的意思是,謀殺每天都在發生。
    誰想談論這些?
    有些人會。
    我知道。
    但我不是。
    當你父親被囚禁時,你更接近了黑手黨。
    而這也是你決定不去上學的時候。
    科隆波家族的老大把你帶到身邊,
    把你納入他的庇護之下。
    你需要接受一些訓練嗎,進入黑手黨需要什麼嗎?
    哦,你需要。
    哦,對。
    當你進入時,事情就是這樣發生的。
    我離開那裡。
    一位家族的隊長接走了我
    帶我去見老大。
    不幸的是,喬·科隆波被刺殺。
    他被開槍,受了重傷。
    他拖了大約七年,
    然後因這些傷勢去世。
    所以一位新的老大接管了,他現在已經去世了。
    我曾和他坐在一起。
    這是在我父親通知市中心他要提議我加入那種生活的兩週後。如果你不能直接走上前去跟某個人說:“我想加入。”那麼必須有人來提議你,為你作保,告訴他們你有那個能力。在那種生活裡,有很多裙帶關係。許多父親帶著他們的兒子、侄子,或其他人進入這樣的圈子。在我的情況下,是我爸爸提議我。所以我和老闆坐下來,他告訴我:“這就是規則。你想成為我們生命的一部分。你父親發的消息,是真的嗎?”我說:“是的。”他說:“那麼,這就是規則。從現在開始,24小時、每週七天,你隨時待命來服務這個家庭,哥倫坡家族。這意味著如果你的母親生病且她快要去世了,你會在她的床邊,但是如果我們叫你去服務,你就要離開你的母親,來為我們服務。從現在開始,無論任何事物,我們都是你生活中的第一位。”當我們覺得你配得上這個特權、這個榮譽成為成員時,我們會告訴你。就這樣。你接受嗎?我回答:“是的,我接受。”接下來的兩年半中,我就像是一名新兵的承諾期,必須做任何被告知的事情,證明自己是有價值的。這可能是一些非常基層的工作,在那種生活中,遵守紀律是很重要的,權威也很嚴重,有很多所謂的尊重。你如果八點有會議,七點半還沒到,那就是遲到。在那種生活中你永遠不能遲到。無論情況如何。如果你八點有會議,如果遇到交通問題令人擔憂,你就應該前一天晚上來,睡在車裡。絕不能遲到,沒有藉口。你知道,要開車送他去會議,坐在車裡三、四、五個小時。上帝保佑你,若你離開去上廁所、拿報紙,他出來卻看不見你。我的天,我們可能會有麻煩。你是逃逸司機,卻不在那裡。我記得那次我經歷過,為此付出了代價。這是非常嚴重的事情。- 你有付出代價嗎?- 嗯,“付出代價”,換句話說,我挨了好一頓責罵。我告訴你,這種事情。他們會把你擱置兩週,讓你明白你所做的事情是多麼嚴重。這樣你就不會再重蹈覆轍。在那種生活中,你永遠不會重複自己的錯誤。如果你聰明,第一希望生存,第二想上進。你永遠不會重複自己的錯誤。因此,像這樣的事情。然後,看,我會誠實地告訴你。你知道,盡我所能誠實。這種生活有時是暴力的。如果你以某種方式成為這種生活的一部分,那麼你就是暴力的一部分。如果有人告訴你不是,他們不是在誠實地說話,或者他們不是那種生活的正式成員。事情就是這樣。- 你為什麼這麼說?因為你說了基層工作,然後又說這是一種暴力的生活。你的意思是在那兩年的試用期內,你必須做這兩種事情。你必須參與暴力並完成基層工作。- 我這麼說吧。他們必須相信你有能力去做他們告訴你做的任何事情。他們必須理解並感受到這一點,因為如果他們不這麼覺得, 你就無法前進。就這樣。所以在那段時間,你會被考驗。- 而你曾被考驗過嗎?- 是的。- 當他們讓你發誓,如果你的母親快要去世而你在她床邊,他們叫你去做事時,你必須要離開。如果你的母親在快死的時候,你會離開嗎?- 當時,我是說,我可能會。我遵守規則。我很幸運有我爸爸這位優秀的老師,他是這種生活的學生和大師。我像一塊海綿,吸收爸爸告訴我的一切,我都在聽。有一些他告訴我的事情是正確的。所以當時我可能會這麼做,我要誠實告訴你。我的意思是,我不知道,要看當時發生了什麼事情。但你知道,我在某個時候已經被灌輸得如此深刻,這就是我自己。- 聽起來有點像一種邪教,某種程度上。- 這在某種程度上是類似邪教的。我是說,我們並沒有做那些愚蠢的事情。我們有儀式和典禮,除了那一個,嗯,除了那一個。之後沒有其他的,但。- 它教會你什麼人際交往技巧嗎?因為你跟這些老闆、這些非常有才能的男人在一起。你看到他們如何表現自己,做生意,影響他人,贏得朋友。這段時間的生活教會你什麼關於如何激勵/操控他人的?- 是的,它教會我這一點。我想我明白。你知道,這種生活有兩個層次。你要麼是敲詐者,要麼是黑幫。- 有什麼區別?- 我告訴你區別。黑幫是一個真正不知道如何利用這種生活來在商業上受益的人。所以他更像是,我不想說硬漢,但他更像是那種:“嘿,我們有件事情要做,這個人是,派他去,讓他去做。”因為你必須在那種生活中賺取自己的生計。我們哥倫坡家族當時有115名正式成員。在這115名成員中,有20名真正賺錢並以某種方式支持家族,真正提升了家族。我們是行會的成員。現在,黑幫實際上無法成為行會成員,他根本不知道該如何去做。但是行會成員也必須是黑幫,因為你會被叫到。雖然不會像這個人那樣頻繁,但是當你被叫到時,你必須去。所以,我更像是一個行會成員。因此,由於這個原因,我經常參加商業爭端,和其他人坐下來。你必須學會如何談判。我是說,我在這些會議中學習了談判的藝術。
    你知道,我學會了如何在會議之前,嘗試去了解與我見面的人。第一,試著了解那個人的性格。知道如果情況不如預期,我可以接受的妥協方案。因此,我必須為這些會議做好準備。因為如果不準備的話,你知道的,他們會把你撕得粉碎。因為很多這些老手非常有技巧。相信我,即使你百分之百正確,也可能最終錯了。他們會把你陷入陷阱。因此,你真的必須知道自己在做什麼。因此,在談判和識別真正的領袖方面,我的人際交往技巧得到了很高的提升,因為我曾多次站在了勝利的一方。

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  • Telenor’s Kaaren Hilsen on Launching Norway’s First AI Factory – Episode 247

    AI transcript
    0:00:10 [Music]
    0:00:15 Hello and welcome to the NVIDIA AI podcast. I’m your host, Noah Kravitz.
    0:00:19 In late 2024, the Telenoar AI factory was officially launched.
    0:00:24 The AI factory is Norway’s first sustainable, sovereign, and secure
    0:00:28 generative AI cloud service designed to enhance AI adoption for both internal
    0:00:33 operations and external customers and to provide local AI computing
    0:00:36 capabilities to the Nordic region. With us to share the story behind the
    0:00:41 Telenoar AI factory and to discuss the impact responsible AI is set to have on
    0:00:45 the country of Norway and the Nordic region more broadly is Karin Hilson.
    0:00:50 Karin is the chief innovation officer and head of the AI factory at Telenoar.
    0:00:55 And she’s also set to speak at NVIDIA GTC 2025 as part of a session titled
    0:01:00 Accelerating Sovereign AI Factories – Insight from Telco Case Studies.
    0:01:03 Karin, welcome to the AI podcast and thank you so much for taking the time to
    0:01:07 join us. Thanks, Noah. Wow, what an introduction.
    0:01:10 Well, you know, it’s hard because I try to, you know, I want to give you your
    0:01:14 credit, give you your flowers as they say, but our guests and your no exception
    0:01:17 have done so much. It’s hard to cram it all in there, but it’s all genuine.
    0:01:21 We’re delighted to have you on the podcast. It’s great to be here, Nara.
    0:01:26 So before we get into the story of the AI factory, which I’m really excited to hear
    0:01:30 from you, maybe you can start by telling us a little bit about your own background
    0:01:33 and your journey into AI. And then we can talk about Telenoar.
    0:01:36 Yeah, I mean, the journey into AI, I mean, do we all end up here?
    0:01:42 It’s a bit of the question, but is that my journey is maybe being shortly.
    0:01:47 But I’ve been working in the the telco industry and with Telenoar now for 25 years
    0:01:51 across the globe in many different continents and sort of moving back to
    0:01:55 Norway a couple of years ago. And in the last few years, I’ve been working very
    0:02:01 much with innovation, with sustainability and these things. And a bit of a fun fact,
    0:02:07 I was actually sort of read up the other day that in, was it 2023 that
    0:02:11 emissions that data centers have actually reached the same level as emissions
    0:02:16 as the global airline industry. And that was a bit of an eye opener for me.
    0:02:19 I don’t know if it’s fact or fiction, but it just sort of got me thinking.
    0:02:24 And and then I see with the AI now sort of driving demand and everything,
    0:02:27 the data sense is going to increase. And then I was thinking, well, okay,
    0:02:32 but then we need to, how can we do this responsibly? And as I said, my journey to it,
    0:02:36 I was working a lot with sustainability and how we can actually use our digital
    0:02:44 infrastructure in the green shift. And then the vision of sort of democratizing AI
    0:02:49 and every nation is an AI sort of came in. And I thought, wouldn’t it be cool if we
    0:02:53 could build a green AI factory? And it was very much sort of the, the
    0:02:57 passion I had around the sustainability, the need for AI is sort of,
    0:03:02 it just beautifully came together. And I remember in the summer, sort of standing
    0:03:06 on the banks of the Thames with my friends at a pub in the UK. And they said to me,
    0:03:08 oh, come on, what are you doing at the moment? And I said, oh, yeah,
    0:03:12 I’m building a green AI factory. And they said, is that even possible?
    0:03:21 So I just love, so it’s sort of how I ended up, but I guess it’s a passion to make ideas happen.
    0:03:26 Absolutely. You were working on sustainability previously in the telco industry?
    0:03:30 Yeah, I’ve had various roles, but I had a sort of passion to sort of,
    0:03:36 I was working with the critical infrastructure. I’ve had various CEO roles in Sweden,
    0:03:41 in Montenegro, I’ve been working in Asia. And as I said, move back to Norway for
    0:03:47 private reasons and looking, what can we really sort of do now? And seeing more and more that
    0:03:54 the telcos critical infrastructure has such a key role in society. And I think this was one of my
    0:04:00 eye knows during COVID, I think, like many of us sit and reflect. And I think all of us became so
    0:04:06 dependent on the critical infrastructure that we have and the digital infrastructure.
    0:04:10 So let’s talk about the factory. Should we start on the sustainability angle?
    0:04:16 Should we start on sort of the commercial and sort of benefit of the factory to the
    0:04:20 community? How would you like to begin? Tell us the story of building the AI factory?
    0:04:25 I mean, I always like to sort of say, the story always started with a vision. And it was there
    0:04:31 are sort of a top executive teleno where we’re meeting the sort of top executives in Nvidia.
    0:04:35 I love this standard. There’s sort of every country must own the production of their own
    0:04:42 intelligence. I sort of love that. And that sort of vision, then with the combination of teleno,
    0:04:48 we’re 170 years old. We’ve not been running critical infrastructure in Norway for that time.
    0:04:55 That’s amazing. It’s just such a beautiful fit. And I just love this vision that we had, okay,
    0:05:00 that every country needs to sort of own his own intelligence and produce it. We need to do this
    0:05:06 in a responsible, sustainable way. And we need critical infrastructure to do this. So this was
    0:05:11 sort of the idea was then born. And I remember executives sort of coming back to Norway and
    0:05:16 sort of said to me, current, can you make this happen? And he’s like, okay, do I have any funding?
    0:05:22 Do I have no, no, just make it happen. And it was like, okay, where do we start sort of thing?
    0:05:28 And every, you know, and everybody said, just believe, believe. And this is where our journey
    0:05:34 started. There’s sort of which angle do you sort of tackle it? And if anything, I was overwhelmed.
    0:05:39 And I think the only thing was certain is there was so much uncertainty, so many unknowns.
    0:05:45 And we very much then started the journey exploring, okay, is there a need for it in
    0:05:52 Norway? What’s the level of maturity? How can we build on this? And we started then working in
    0:05:58 sprints. Forgive me for interrupting Karen, but when was this? How long ago? So this was, we started
    0:06:02 the journey in February last less than a year ago. Less than a year ago. It’s amazing how fast
    0:06:07 things are moving. Yeah, it was, even when I say, do you know, I feel like I’ve been working on a
    0:06:15 lifetime, but it’s just just the sort of a year ago. And we started looking up the market, we
    0:06:20 started looking, okay, what is our go to market proposition? You know, what equipment do we need
    0:06:27 and what data center do we do it in? And all these sort of questions were coming up. And this is
    0:06:34 quite early on we said, okay, you know, telcos are fantastic, but they maybe haven’t got the best
    0:06:39 reputation for moving fast. So it’s like, how could we do it? And this is where we said, okay,
    0:06:45 let’s take a bit of a different approach. And even the basic thing I faced with like, okay,
    0:06:50 I want to order our first sort of cluster to put in a data center. And I didn’t have a legal entity
    0:06:56 to do this with. I mean, a very silly sort of internal governance. So we decided, okay, let’s
    0:07:02 think like a setting up like a startup, we’re going to set up a new company. So we set up a new
    0:07:07 legal entity. And we said, okay, we’re going to be a startup. I said, I don’t want a huge team,
    0:07:12 I don’t want a huge program, which is going to sort of drag us down in corporate governance,
    0:07:18 slow decision making. So we said, okay, we’re going to think like a startup, we set up then our
    0:07:26 first cluster, we caught together our go to market proposition. And then in August, we started to go
    0:07:32 talk to some customers out in the market and said, this is our proposition, we’re going to have,
    0:07:37 we’ve got an offering where we can offer a sovereign, secure and sustainable effectively.
    0:07:43 What do you think? And this is sort of them where I think the fun really, really started.
    0:07:49 And I always say, I said to the organization as well, the decision makers, the next talk I’m
    0:07:55 going to come is when we’ve signed two customers. And I even remember standing on stage at an
    0:08:00 internal town hall. And one of the leaders said to me, Karm, what does success look like? At the
    0:08:05 end of the year, what does success look like? And I spontaneously said, yeah, we have two customers
    0:08:11 in our AI factory. And there was, okay, that is Ray. And I said, yeah, we’re going to have two
    0:08:16 customers, one internal and one external. And I was like, okay, so that became our goal. And this
    0:08:22 is where the team then were fully focused that this is what we would then work towards.
    0:08:24 Was that high autonomy, the first external customer?
    0:08:31 So high, actually, we actually started off saying we wanted to tell another as our own
    0:08:38 internal customer. Because we said it was very good to sort of start with that, to learn, build
    0:08:43 confidence, you know, make sure we’re there before we dare go out and talk to other customers.
    0:08:44 Right, right.
    0:08:49 And this is where we pivoted quite early is then we need more intel if we just focus on one
    0:08:54 customer. And again, we did a lot of this in building the AI factory for our own needs.
    0:09:01 We saw this capability being fundamental for Teleno to accelerate his own AI journey.
    0:09:07 Right, as well. I mean, Teleno sits on a lot of critical information and data,
    0:09:13 which we need to secure that is sort of stays within in Norway and is operated very, very
    0:09:19 securely. So we actually built the AI factory originally for our own needs. But we saw that
    0:09:25 there was also a demand outside Teleno. So we pivoted quite quickly saying we can do this in
    0:09:32 parallel, get one internal customer and one external customer. So we’re working sort of with
    0:09:38 the Teleno operations to say, okay, they come on board. And then as you mentioned,
    0:09:41 Hive Autonomy were then the actual first external customer.
    0:09:41 Right, okay.
    0:09:46 We got a board. And I think from both, you know, we’re learning a lot from both our customers.
    0:09:52 And we have an MVP product. It’s not perfect. We’ve set some design principles that the whole
    0:09:59 team, whereas where we say speedover perfection, we always like to say that roughly right is
    0:10:05 better than precisely wrong. And again, in a Telco, we are so, for years, we’ve been on the
    0:10:10 building, you know, perfect network. So we’re kind of our comfort zone here. And again,
    0:10:16 in finding the right and what we call our MVP customers was quite critical. So we can have
    0:10:19 customers that can learn and grow with us.
    0:10:25 Are there currently specific use cases that you’re tackling, whether on the internal side,
    0:10:29 or, you know, that Hive or perhaps other external customers are interested in? What are
    0:10:31 some of the leading use cases?
    0:10:35 Yeah. So I think that the one thing all of them have in common, first of all, is sort of very
    0:10:40 giant. They’re all solving a specific problem. It’s not just like, oh yeah, we’ll buy some GPUs,
    0:10:42 and then we’ll work out what we’re going to do.
    0:10:45 Right, right, right. What can this chatbot do? Let’s play around with it.
    0:10:50 Yeah, exactly. Which is what I think a lot of people want to do. But as I know, we want to
    0:10:57 sort of, so like Hive autonomy, for example, I mean, they work with logistics, robotics.
    0:11:03 So they are actually innovating, I say a lot of industries, whether it’s ports, as I said,
    0:11:10 factories or this sort of in their operations and have efficiency cases. So they have very
    0:11:16 specific customer needs that they are trying to solve. The reason sort of why they were
    0:11:20 very interested in coming to the factory is that they’re sitting with sensitive data. So it was
    0:11:27 very keen, they wanted it to be really on Norwegian soil. The teleno grand sort of represents
    0:11:32 security, you know, so there’s sort of a gain that really helps them. And then the sustainability
    0:11:39 part is super key. And so that was sort of the combination of these three. Cup Gemini is also
    0:11:46 a customer of ours. They are developing products of doing voice to voice translation. And we can
    0:11:51 say, yes, that can be done. But these are for sensitive dialogues. Not all dialogues can go
    0:11:56 out in the cloud somewhere. These are very sort of sensitive dialogues, if you think, you know,
    0:12:02 within the health sector, within the police. So not so much on prep, but again, it’s sort of a
    0:12:10 safe, secure environment. And that’s really key. And another customer is working a lot with the
    0:12:17 municipalities in Norway. And again, with sort of sensitive cases that they sort of really would
    0:12:25 like their data to be secured. And the sustainability part of it. And this is something that, again,
    0:12:30 as I said to you in my intro, I’m very, very passionate about. And then sort of, you know,
    0:12:36 while some people say AI can solve climate change. So I think, you know, with the increasing
    0:12:41 number of compute power and data centers that are needed, we have to be responsible and build
    0:12:49 data centers in a sustainable way. And this is also why Telenoor is also building with several
    0:12:56 partners, a state of the art modern data center here in Oslo. So Telenoor, in addition to the AI
    0:13:02 factory is also partnered with a leading power company called Hufsman, and also a renewable
    0:13:08 energy investor called high tech vision are actually now building a super modern data center.
    0:13:14 And here it’s actually, this is not just about using renewable energy sort of coming in,
    0:13:20 but is also all the excess heat will actually go into district heating and actually heat up
    0:13:25 apartments and the surrounding area. So the heat coming out of the data center, you’re going to
    0:13:30 capture it and redistribute it to heat homes in the area. Yes. I have very little, you know,
    0:13:34 physical world building and engineering capabilities. So it’s a genuine question.
    0:13:40 Is that a tricky undertaking? Or is it? Yes, it is. And this is sort of a company,
    0:13:46 which is sort of Telenoor is partnering, taking all that. So I will say, we know. But I think what
    0:13:53 we need to provide is then sort of, again, the sort of the critical infrastructure, the connectivity,
    0:13:59 the security elements of it, and then being able to say to customers, and we’re doing this in an
    0:14:05 energy efficient way. Our guest is Karin Hilson. Karin is the chief innovation officer and head
    0:14:10 of the AI factory at Telenoor. And Karin Telenoor, we’ve talked Telenoor Norway,
    0:14:14 Telenoor Sweden, and forgive me, I should have asked this up front. How many countries,
    0:14:19 how big of an area does Telenoor serve? Telenoor, I mean, globally has over 200 million customers.
    0:14:26 We have footprints in the Nordics. So Telenoor has a presence then in Norway, Sweden, Denmark,
    0:14:32 and Finland. And then we have a presence in Asia. Got it. So to get back to the AI factory and thinking
    0:14:38 about the use cases and such, are most of the use cases right now, and again, whether, you know,
    0:14:44 actually happening or sort of in the works, are they centering around generative AI and large
    0:14:51 language models? Or is it kind of, you know, other forms of machine learning and AI? What’s the buzz
    0:14:56 right now in terms of, you know, the sort of current and future-looking use cases for the
    0:15:02 factory? I would say that there is a lot of buzz that’s still in the exploratory phase to be very
    0:15:07 open and honest. We forget. That’s where we all are. We’re still so early in all of this.
    0:15:14 Yeah. And I see that there is definitely different maturity levels. I mean, when we talk to customers,
    0:15:20 the market, and so many are, you know, exploring, you know, some very sort of super cool and
    0:15:26 forward-leaning others are very much like, okay, again, going back to the, we’re sitting on very
    0:15:33 critical data and everything. And it’s used to being in our, you know, basement or under our desks
    0:15:38 and everything. But how can we sort of, we need more compute power and everything. And these are
    0:15:44 the kind of dialogues that we are having with customers, sort of, how can we really, you know,
    0:15:51 secure the handling of their data in a very secure way? They can trust that it is sort of,
    0:15:58 stays on Norwegian soil that we still then are owning the production of intelligence as we
    0:16:05 spoke about earlier. So I would say there is still, the dialogues are still very much evolving
    0:16:08 around this. You’ve worked in different regions of the world and you currently do,
    0:16:15 as you were just speaking to, how similar or different are not just the laws and regulations,
    0:16:23 but sort of the common wisdom, the attitudes around responsible AI and data security, those
    0:16:28 kinds of things. And these are obviously, you know, new and evolving topics, responsible AI
    0:16:34 specifically. How similar or different do you find conversations about these things as you work in
    0:16:39 different countries, different regions of the world? I would say they are very different.
    0:16:46 I say the similarity is that certainly around security and sovereignty, what I have seen just
    0:16:52 on the journey of the last two months is really increased. We are onboarding one customer at
    0:17:00 the moment into the AIF factory and they sent us a list of 135 security questions. And this is sort
    0:17:08 of what we forget. And again, these are becoming very, not just topical, but very sort of business
    0:17:16 critical questions as well. And this is back to why we started the journey with the AI factory.
    0:17:21 We saw that there was a bit of a hole in the market, if I could say that, we’ve been able
    0:17:27 to have sovereignty, security and sustainability all three together. And then using the sort of
    0:17:33 teleno trusted brand as when people trust us, we’re reliable, you know, is the sort of
    0:17:39 combination. I mean, one could say, if you just want, you know, compute capacity to build an open
    0:17:45 sort of model, go ahead and do that. But there is a lot of sort of really to move society forward
    0:17:50 as a whole. You know, if it’s in the health sector, within defense, within the public sector, we see
    0:17:56 that, you know, that there are sensitive dialogues, we see that there are, you know, things. So we
    0:18:03 really see that the teleno AI factory, and together with our partnership with NVIDIA can
    0:18:08 really help bring society forward. Absolutely. Because it’s some of these dialogues, as you say
    0:18:14 now, around sovereignty and security, that are making people nervous, they’re making people
    0:18:20 uncertain, they’re making people relook at their, you know, their fantastic IT, whatever that they’ve
    0:18:26 had for the last years. So we’ve seen that there is definitely a change in climate, I would say,
    0:18:33 around the seriousness of the dialogues. It seems appropriate, it makes sense to me.
    0:18:38 All right, Karin, before we get to wrapping up, are there AI tools that you’re finding particularly
    0:18:43 helpful, or, you know, just that you’re using regularly in your own life, be it work outside of
    0:18:47 work, you don’t have to go into the details of what, but are there any tools that, you know,
    0:18:52 you’ve been using regularly recently? Well, I have to confess, probably that I use it most to
    0:18:57 help my kids with their homework, or if they say I’m cheating, I always tell them they can’t,
    0:19:03 but I need to just answer all the, you know, I have to, you know, to answer all the why
    0:19:09 questions and what it was. Yes, my older child tells me actually, when he’ll use it to sort of,
    0:19:13 it’s almost the way that I use in people, we talk about on the show, people using, especially
    0:19:18 folks in creative lines of work or doing creative, you know, projects that you’ll do something and
    0:19:23 then send it to a chat bot to kind of get its take on it. And it kind of points out, oh, you missed
    0:19:26 this, or, oh, here’s another way to think about that kind of thing. So I don’t think it’s cheating
    0:19:31 myself, but, you know. No, it’s not cheating, but it helps get a dialogue because then exactly,
    0:19:36 as you say, I then engage in discussions and we talk about whether it’s right or wrong,
    0:19:41 and it is a fact that it actually, I find it actually is not cheating, I joke, but it actually
    0:19:47 is a trigger to get the dialogue going. Which is fantastic, that’s great. Which isn’t always easy
    0:19:53 with teenagers. No, no, it’s not. No, it’s not. All right, I want to give you time to talk about
    0:19:58 the vision going forward. You know, this began with a vision, and it’s a vision that’s taken
    0:20:03 flight now. What are your hopes? What’s your vision for the AI factory in the next, we’re
    0:20:09 recording this in February 2025. So whatever time period makes sense, as we said, things are
    0:20:13 moving so fast, it’s hard to know where AI will be in three years. But, you know, the next year,
    0:20:17 two years, five years, what are you, where are you taking the AI factory?
    0:20:21 Yeah, I mean, we certainly want to scale it. As I said, you know, we see, we’re starting in Norway,
    0:20:30 we see Norway has this need. And I really believe that we can really help empower society here in
    0:20:36 Norway through giving, you know, access to a place where different organizations, business,
    0:20:42 it is the public sector, the private sector, can really innovate their businesses, make it more
    0:20:49 efficient. And really sort of going back to this and feel that, yes, we are really doing this in a
    0:20:56 sort of sustainable way. We’re helping that we’re really, we know our data and it’s safe,
    0:21:01 we can run these really sensitive cases. And it’s sort of going back to this, I just love
    0:21:07 this, the production of the intelligence is here in Norway. So really, I do see the AI factory as
    0:21:12 being a very, maybe I’m being too, my vision is getting a bit, but the more I work with it,
    0:21:17 the more I see it can really help move societies forward and develop.
    0:21:21 Fantastic. That’s what it’s all about, if you ask me, but just my opinion.
    0:21:23 My fully agree.
    0:21:27 Karen Hilson, this was a pleasure. Thank you for taking the time. And you’ll be on the panel at
    0:21:33 GTC next month as we record this. So looking forward to that. And for folks listening,
    0:21:39 who would like to find out more about the AI factory, about Telanor, anything we’ve discussed?
    0:21:44 Is there a good website, URL, social media, where can listeners go online to learn more?
    0:21:49 Yeah. I mean, go onto the Telanor website, you’ll find our Telanor AI factory there. You can reach
    0:21:57 out to me on LinkedIn as well. So please, we’re welcome. We’re on this journey together. As you
    0:22:02 say, we’re still very much in an explorative phase. So I’d love to hear from people.
    0:22:06 Fantastic. Well, again, Karen, thank you so much. It’s been a pleasure and
    0:22:09 all the best of luck with all the work you’re doing. There’s no better reason to employ AI
    0:22:12 than to bring us all forward, as you said. So all the best.
    0:22:14 Thanks, Snare.
    0:22:18 [Music]
    0:22:29 [Music]
    0:22:40 [Music]
    0:23:01 [Music]
    0:23:10 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    Telenor’s Chief Innovation Officer and Head of the AI Factory, Kaaren Hilsen, discusses Norway’s first AI factory. Opened in November, the facility processes sensitive data securely within Norway, ensuring data sovereignty and environmental sustainability. Learn how Telenor’s green computing initiatives, including a renewable energy-powered data center in Oslo, are advancing responsible and sustainable AI.

  • 659: $100k with AI-Coded Apps

    AI transcript
    0:00:01 (upbeat music)
    0:00:04 $100,000 with AI-coded apps.
    0:00:06 Hey, create something once, monetize it over and over again.
    0:00:08 That’s a business model that I really like
    0:00:12 and historically software and apps,
    0:00:13 definitely check that box.
    0:00:17 But it used to be, you had to be pretty technical
    0:00:18 or pay someone technical
    0:00:21 if you wanted to build really any kind of software.
    0:00:23 Today, not as much.
    0:00:25 I guess has been using AI tools to help build
    0:00:28 a series of smallish web apps,
    0:00:31 usually to solve a very specific problem
    0:00:33 for a very specific customer.
    0:00:35 But he’s making thousands of bucks about doing it
    0:00:36 and having a lot of fun along the way.
    0:00:40 From doyevenblog.com, Pete McPherson,
    0:00:42 welcome back to The Side Hustle Show.
    0:00:43 – Yes, thank you so much for having me, Nick.
    0:00:46 It’s a pleasure to be here, talk about techie things.
    0:00:49 Hopefully we can get some good takeaways for people,
    0:00:50 some good actionable items,
    0:00:54 even if we do go a tiny bit into what sounds technical.
    0:00:56 So yeah, let’s give it a shot.
    0:01:00 – Yeah, the promise of having AI do the work for you
    0:01:01 is an interesting one.
    0:01:03 ‘Cause software companies
    0:01:05 are some of the most profitable businesses in the world.
    0:01:08 It’s like, we could sell this same code
    0:01:11 to thousands, billions of different customers.
    0:01:15 And it has often seemed out of reach for individual creators.
    0:01:17 So what’s changed in the past few years?
    0:01:19 And what do you see as the opportunity
    0:01:20 for side hustlers here?
    0:01:22 – The biggest thing that changed
    0:01:25 was obviously using chatGPT or Claude
    0:01:29 or any of these newer LLMs, AI models,
    0:01:32 to do the parts I didn’t know how to do.
    0:01:33 I knew how to do a few parts.
    0:01:35 I’ve been interested in this, I’ve been coding,
    0:01:37 I’ve been fairly techie forever.
    0:01:40 And then maybe about a year and a half ago, two years ago,
    0:01:43 I was finally able to cross the threshold
    0:01:46 and have AI do the heavy lifting.
    0:01:49 And the last part of your question there,
    0:01:51 more specifically in the past like three months
    0:01:55 and six months, we’ve crossed another bridge.
    0:01:56 We’re now at a place where you could basically
    0:01:58 just type in stuff you want.
    0:02:02 And believe it or not, like maybe seven times out of 10,
    0:02:05 eight times out of 10, these AI tools are getting better,
    0:02:09 they’re getting faster, they’re getting more aware
    0:02:10 of its outputs.
    0:02:14 And so the opportunity right now is,
    0:02:16 well, you said it already, this is, we know this,
    0:02:20 creating software products, creating stuff you can use,
    0:02:22 you can sell to your existing audience.
    0:02:27 Even, I would argue entering in new markets with SAS,
    0:02:30 software as a service, has never been easier and faster
    0:02:33 for everybody, for all of us, non-developers,
    0:02:35 even if you never touched a line of code.
    0:02:36 – Yeah, so you’ve built a few of these.
    0:02:41 One is an affiliate link tracking tool called Aftracker.
    0:02:42 You’ve built one called Topical Map,
    0:02:46 which helps come up with, what am I gonna talk about
    0:02:47 on my content creation business?
    0:02:52 fab.ai is the fully autonomous blog builder,
    0:02:54 what does it stand for?
    0:02:56 – You’re actually the only person besides myself
    0:02:59 who’s ever gotten that correct, so where to go?
    0:03:00 Yeah, I sold that company a couple of months ago.
    0:03:05 – Okay, well, I’ve been watching as each one of these
    0:03:09 has been built and presented and kind of like,
    0:03:12 you do a good job of sharing the journey along the way,
    0:03:14 which I think is interesting.
    0:03:17 So maybe we start there with this idea generation.
    0:03:21 If I’m listening and saying like, well, this sounds cool.
    0:03:23 I’d like to start playing around with this,
    0:03:26 and I probably would recommend that’s where people start
    0:03:29 is like, you’re not gonna build anything super beautiful
    0:03:31 right out of the gate, but you gotta start tinkering
    0:03:33 with something, but you gotta have an idea
    0:03:35 before you could start tinkering, like how,
    0:03:37 where did these ideas come from?
    0:03:39 Or how do you recommend people kind of go through this?
    0:03:40 What should I even start to build?
    0:03:45 – Sure, I would say it’s a twist on an age old strategy
    0:03:47 called scratch your own itch.
    0:03:49 I think people who have listened to your show
    0:03:50 have probably heard those words before.
    0:03:51 Am I right, Chair?
    0:03:52 – Yeah.
    0:03:56 – So I think approaching how you work on your computer
    0:03:57 and a scratch your own itch.
    0:03:59 There’s a scratch your own itch off your computer
    0:04:00 and there’s a scratch your own itch
    0:04:03 when you’re using scheduling software,
    0:04:04 when you’re sending emails,
    0:04:06 when you are creating a YouTube video,
    0:04:08 when you’re editing a YouTube video,
    0:04:11 when you’re interacting with the web in general,
    0:04:14 cultivating this mindset of scratch your own itch.
    0:04:16 And Nick, I think you absolutely nailed it.
    0:04:18 I think what I would recommend to anybody who’s like,
    0:04:20 oh, this kind of sounds interesting.
    0:04:24 I might try that would be to pick one teeny tiny thing.
    0:04:26 Like you said, you’re not gonna build
    0:04:31 the next huge amazing 10 bajillion ARR software
    0:04:35 company probably, but you can build a little Chrome extension.
    0:04:37 For example, I play a game.
    0:04:37 I won’t mention what it is.
    0:04:38 It’s totally stupid.
    0:04:42 But I play a game that doesn’t have any tracking whatsoever.
    0:04:46 And so basic like multiplication and division things
    0:04:49 that I’ve been doing on my phone, on a calculator.
    0:04:50 I was like, wait, I could,
    0:04:52 I could totally just build a Chrome extension.
    0:04:53 I’d never built a Chrome extension before.
    0:04:55 I have no idea how that works.
    0:04:57 But I went into my code editor.
    0:04:59 We could talk about tools later, of course.
    0:05:03 And just prompted AI, I told a little bit what I want
    0:05:04 and so on and so forth.
    0:05:06 And then boom, it’s done.
    0:05:06 It’s there.
    0:05:08 I’m not gonna make any money off of it.
    0:05:13 But it was a tiny challenge, pain point frustration I had.
    0:05:15 And again, I’ve cultivated this mindset
    0:05:17 of noticing when this happens.
    0:05:19 I had this small little problem
    0:05:21 and I built a teeny tiny little tool.
    0:05:23 It’s like, I don’t know how many lines of code it is
    0:05:25 ’cause I actually haven’t looked that much at the code.
    0:05:27 But it’s really small and it works.
    0:05:30 And I use it every day when I’m playing my silly little game.
    0:05:31 – Interesting.
    0:05:34 Okay, so some, just as you go through your day to day
    0:05:37 and I’m just gonna rattle off a couple, you know,
    0:05:39 pain points just from like this week.
    0:05:42 One is when you’re pasting anything
    0:05:45 from Google Docs into WordPress.
    0:05:49 It brings in all of this junk HTML
    0:05:53 and you really inflates the size of the page unnecessarily.
    0:05:56 And like the formatting maybe looks a little bit janky
    0:05:59 with some of the font selections by default.
    0:06:01 Same thing with Microsoft Word
    0:06:03 or importing images from Google Docs.
    0:06:04 You know, getting those into your website
    0:06:07 as a blog article, personal pain point
    0:06:08 may not resonate with anybody else.
    0:06:11 But it’s like, you know, so I built this little,
    0:06:13 I can’t even figure out the image piece of it
    0:06:15 but just like a little macro in Word
    0:06:18 where like we’ll strip all of this stuff out.
    0:06:19 So maybe there’s something there.
    0:06:21 I don’t know if that would be a WordPress plugin,
    0:06:23 if that would be a Chrome extension,
    0:06:25 but something like that.
    0:06:26 So that’s one idea.
    0:06:29 Personal pain point number two is, you know how
    0:06:33 pretty much every airline now will let you rebook
    0:06:36 if they don’t have any change fees anymore.
    0:06:39 And so you can rebook if the price goes down.
    0:06:42 And it’s like, but it’s kind of a pain
    0:06:44 to go and check and see.
    0:06:46 And I’ve set up some Google flight alerts.
    0:06:49 There’s gotta be a way to either automate this
    0:06:50 or at least get a notification like,
    0:06:52 “Hey, your flight went down.
    0:06:54 You might as well go and get your $50 in credit.”
    0:06:56 And sometimes, you know, sometimes I get
    0:06:58 like the sale notifications, but it’s like,
    0:07:00 there’s gotta be a smarter way to do this.
    0:07:01 – Yes.
    0:07:03 Would you like me to tackle those two just really quick?
    0:07:04 – Yeah, let’s do it.
    0:07:06 – We’ll start with the second one.
    0:07:09 There is a tool which I can’t remember the name of.
    0:07:12 It is basically Zapier, which I’m sure
    0:07:13 most people are probably familiar with.
    0:07:16 You can set up automations and end points
    0:07:18 between various apps or whatnot.
    0:07:20 This is the exact same thing except
    0:07:23 with the ability to just insert AI
    0:07:27 in between each of your automation steps, so to speak.
    0:07:29 And it would be perfect for solving
    0:07:31 the second problem you mentioned there.
    0:07:34 You could use plain language to kind of say,
    0:07:37 “Hey, I usually go to Google flights
    0:07:39 or I usually check American Airlines
    0:07:40 or I usually do this.
    0:07:43 Here’s some of the URLs, here’s my login information.
    0:07:45 Like I need you to extract this
    0:07:48 and then automatically email me when this happens.”
    0:07:50 And it takes a little while to set up,
    0:07:52 but you don’t even have to touch code for this.
    0:07:54 This is a tool, it is paid,
    0:07:56 but I can show that with you later.
    0:07:56 – Yeah.
    0:07:57 – But that’d be the perfect thing.
    0:07:59 – Okay, that’s an interesting one.
    0:08:01 – In terms of like building your own thing,
    0:08:02 what was your first one again?
    0:08:03 I just forgot.
    0:08:05 – The first one was just like the tedious formatting
    0:08:08 that you junk HTML that gets, you know,
    0:08:10 automatically inserted when you paste stuff in?
    0:08:11 – Yes, absolutely.
    0:08:14 This gets into maybe a strategy
    0:08:15 I really wanted to talk about later.
    0:08:16 So I’m gonna segue.
    0:08:18 This will be valuable I think.
    0:08:22 For anybody who’s looking to pick up coding,
    0:08:23 even if it’s AI coding,
    0:08:25 not saying you’re gonna become a developer,
    0:08:30 but I would say pick one specific focus,
    0:08:33 text stack, focus, and then just stay with it.
    0:08:36 For example, Nick, maybe you’re on a Mac OS device
    0:08:41 or Windows, you could learn how to build Mac apps.
    0:08:43 On the contrary, it’s actually pretty similar
    0:08:45 to build iPhone apps.
    0:08:48 You could learn to build web apps.
    0:08:50 That’s a lot different.
    0:08:50 It’s a lot different.
    0:08:53 You’re gonna have to probably choose a new code language.
    0:08:56 And again, you don’t have to learn development,
    0:08:59 but it’s still going to be so much easier
    0:09:00 for anybody listening to this
    0:09:02 to just build five different Chrome extensions.
    0:09:04 Maybe that’s your thing.
    0:09:06 Maybe it’s WordPress plugins
    0:09:08 is what you really wanna dive into.
    0:09:09 – Okay.
    0:09:12 Well, somebody, no, this is actually really golden
    0:09:14 because there is an opportunity
    0:09:16 in the Chrome extension space,
    0:09:17 in the Shopify extension space.
    0:09:20 We had, I heard of somebody doing like 10 grand a month
    0:09:22 with like a Wix extension or something,
    0:09:25 like these kind of micro niche marketplaces
    0:09:27 that do something really, really specific.
    0:09:30 And because there’s a built-in ecosystem around that,
    0:09:33 like it can be, I don’t know, it goes into them,
    0:09:36 search, you know, marketing on these different platforms
    0:09:38 and, you know, is it a freemium model?
    0:09:39 Like, what’s your strategy there?
    0:09:44 But no, I love this call to focus on one tiny little thing
    0:09:47 first versus trying to, you know, build something
    0:09:49 completely standalone and go out and try and sell it.
    0:09:50 – Sure.
    0:09:51 There’s a reason I bring this up.
    0:09:53 By the way, mine’s web apps.
    0:09:54 That’s what I do.
    0:09:55 I have JavaScript.
    0:09:57 I use SvelteKit, but you don’t even have to know
    0:09:58 what that is.
    0:09:59 It doesn’t matter.
    0:10:01 What I mean is it builds web apps.
    0:10:03 Apps you access in your browser.
    0:10:07 You type in the URL to topical map AI or whatever,
    0:10:08 and it just pulls it up.
    0:10:09 Or Calendly or whatever.
    0:10:10 I just do web apps.
    0:10:11 That’s all I do.
    0:10:14 Except for my little silly game Chrome extension.
    0:10:16 But part of the reason I bring that up
    0:10:19 is there are lots of different ways
    0:10:20 you could solve your pain point.
    0:10:22 You mentioned the formatting.
    0:10:24 Removing the formatting and getting things ready
    0:10:25 for WordPress.
    0:10:27 You could build a Mac app for that.
    0:10:28 I know people that have, that’s all they do.
    0:10:30 They just build Mac apps.
    0:10:32 And if I were doing that, I would probably just do it
    0:10:34 where you copy a Google doc.
    0:10:37 You can build in a shortcut on your computer
    0:10:40 and it just automatically formats it, removes everything,
    0:10:41 blah, blah.
    0:10:43 And then copies it to your clipboard again
    0:10:45 after you hit the hot key.
    0:10:47 And then just copy and paste into WordPress.
    0:10:50 Or if you want to be the WordPress person,
    0:10:52 you build a WordPress plugin, like you mentioned.
    0:10:55 Or if you’re Pete, I would do it via web app
    0:10:57 because that’s what I know now.
    0:11:00 Having built a dozen of these different web apps,
    0:11:01 it would be super small.
    0:11:04 It would literally just be like maybe a text area
    0:11:06 where you just paste in everything.
    0:11:10 You click one button and maybe it automatically removes
    0:11:12 the formatting and then again,
    0:11:14 automatically copies it to your clipboard.
    0:11:15 But then you can go into WordPress.
    0:11:17 That’s what I would do.
    0:11:18 I hope that’s helpful for people.
    0:11:20 I really wanted to hint at there’s a ton of different ways
    0:11:23 you can approach these sorts of things.
    0:11:25 But maybe it’d be helpful if you think about
    0:11:27 some of the things you’re interested in,
    0:11:29 like WordPress, like Chrome extensions,
    0:11:32 like web apps, like iPhone apps, that sort of stuff
    0:11:34 before you really go off the deep end here.
    0:11:34 – All right, well that’s good.
    0:11:37 So this is idea generation method number one,
    0:11:40 scratch your own itch, anything else on this,
    0:11:41 coming up with ideas phase?
    0:11:43 – I have two that I like.
    0:11:44 And these are legal.
    0:11:46 I think they’re ethical enough,
    0:11:47 but it’s somewhat stealing.
    0:11:49 I have two examples.
    0:11:54 Number one would be to find one tiny feature
    0:11:57 in some tool, maybe you’re already using
    0:12:00 that has like a bunch of different features.
    0:12:03 One tiny feature, steal one feature from one of your tools.
    0:12:04 And I’ll give you a good example of this.
    0:12:07 So back when I did more SEO blogging,
    0:12:12 I used Ahrefs, A-H-R-E-F-S, Ahrefs, there’s an SEO tool.
    0:12:15 And they have a ton of different features.
    0:12:16 You can do keyword research,
    0:12:18 you can do this and that and this and that.
    0:12:21 All I really wanted, I canceled my subscription,
    0:12:26 but all I really missed was the site explorer tool.
    0:12:28 So that’s an idea for a business right there.
    0:12:32 You don’t have the $99 to pay a month for Ahrefs,
    0:12:33 or however much it costs now.
    0:12:37 You can pay $9 for my app, it’s just the site explorer.
    0:12:38 I wouldn’t market it as that
    0:12:41 ’cause that would be straight up stealing Ahrefs stuff.
    0:12:45 But you could just build one tiny feature of some other app.
    0:12:47 Maybe it’s an expensive app that you pay for.
    0:12:50 That’s idea number one.
    0:12:53 – Okay, this unbundling of things
    0:12:58 that maybe you’re a user of, or you know are popular,
    0:13:01 but people don’t need all of the things under the hood.
    0:13:03 You know, just trying to carve out a segment
    0:13:06 for people who really are only interested in this one feature.
    0:13:08 – This is why Nick makes the big bucks.
    0:13:10 ‘Cause that was a far better explanation than I gave.
    0:13:12 Unbundling, that’s perfect.
    0:13:13 I love it.
    0:13:18 Last one is, oh, here’s the example that came to my head.
    0:13:22 Calendly is a tool to use, you send a scheduling link
    0:13:24 and somebody clicks it and they can see your calendar
    0:13:27 and they pick out a time and so on and so forth.
    0:13:29 There for a while, there weren’t many alternatives
    0:13:31 to Calendly that are now,
    0:13:36 but AppSumo, No Kagan’s company, created TidyCal.
    0:13:40 TidyCal.com, this was like a year or two ago.
    0:13:42 They didn’t use AI, this is completely different.
    0:13:46 But it basically was taking an expensive tool
    0:13:48 that really doesn’t need to be all that expensive
    0:13:50 and then just building a cheap version.
    0:13:54 There’s was like $30 lifetime or something.
    0:13:56 And I could think of this all the time.
    0:13:58 There’s a ton of tools.
    0:13:59 I was gonna throw this company into the bus.
    0:14:01 I won’t, I won’t mention this company,
    0:14:03 but it’s a podcasting tool.
    0:14:06 I have my own podcast, Nick has podcasts
    0:14:08 that produces podcast transcripts
    0:14:10 and you can do some other marketing things
    0:14:13 like generate some titles and generate some show notes
    0:14:15 using AI and stuff like this.
    0:14:18 I did not wanna pay however much it cost.
    0:14:19 I don’t remember what it was.
    0:14:20 So I just built my own.
    0:14:24 It took like a week with like an hour to a day.
    0:14:25 It’s technically live.
    0:14:26 You can’t go buy it.
    0:14:28 So I’m not gonna point people to it.
    0:14:31 But I just built my own where I just upload my audio.
    0:14:34 It gets the transcript using the same backend tools
    0:14:36 probably as this other company.
    0:14:39 And then I can click a button and generate some title ideas
    0:14:41 and then some timestamps
    0:14:43 and some different stuff like that.
    0:14:45 So there are very few of those tools
    0:14:49 that are really, really cheap, really affordable.
    0:14:51 And that was the sort of thing where I was like,
    0:14:54 pretty sure I could build my own version of this
    0:14:56 for like, not a whole lot of money,
    0:14:58 not a whole lot of time and energy.
    0:15:00 And I did and it worked and it was good.
    0:15:01 – Interesting.
    0:15:05 So you could look at even at your own software or tech stack
    0:15:08 and what are the ones that you think the price point
    0:15:10 kind of grates on you a little bit?
    0:15:13 There’s gotta be a better way to say,
    0:15:15 how could I build a cheaper version
    0:15:19 or even a simpler version that doesn’t do all of the,
    0:15:21 it doesn’t have all the bells and whistles,
    0:15:22 but maybe there’s something there.
    0:15:24 So number one was scratch your own itch,
    0:15:26 figure out your own personal pain points
    0:15:27 and try and build something around that.
    0:15:30 Number two was unbundling of different software tools.
    0:15:32 Like I just wanna pull out this one feature.
    0:15:34 That’s the most important thing to me
    0:15:37 or that’s the one that I think maybe is most valuable
    0:15:39 or for whatever reason.
    0:15:42 And number three is to rebuild a cheaper version
    0:15:45 or compete on, this is kind of the app sumo playbook.
    0:15:48 You see companies on there doing this all the time.
    0:15:51 Like, hey, we’re an alternative to fill in the blank software.
    0:15:52 – Right, exactly.
    0:15:53 One huge thing I wanna mention.
    0:15:56 This is like the thing that makes me the happiest
    0:15:59 in all of this, building my own apps,
    0:16:02 learning how to code via AI.
    0:16:06 The thing I like the most about this is you have control.
    0:16:10 We don’t have to put up with how this other software did this.
    0:16:11 We could build our own.
    0:16:12 More with Pete in just a moment,
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    0:17:23 – And I mentioned scratching your own niche.
    0:17:25 Well, there’s more to it than that.
    0:17:29 Not only is that a good way to find ideas that sure,
    0:17:31 you could market to other people,
    0:17:33 but first and foremost, you solve your own problems.
    0:17:36 And if you know how to leverage AI,
    0:17:38 if you know how to code for this stuff,
    0:17:40 you can make it how you want,
    0:17:42 which is, it sounds pretty obvious,
    0:17:44 but I think that’s underrated.
    0:17:46 I think people don’t think about that enough.
    0:17:47 I built my own podcasting tool,
    0:17:50 trained on my own podcasting data,
    0:17:51 the prompts I send to AI,
    0:17:54 I wrote like there was so much control
    0:17:57 and it gives me exactly what I want,
    0:17:58 exactly how I want it,
    0:18:02 and my exact formatting that I want it like every time.
    0:18:03 I think that’s really underrated.
    0:18:06 – Yeah. Now, if you’re following these methods,
    0:18:07 especially the second and third one,
    0:18:10 there’s some level of market validation.
    0:18:12 Hey, we know these companies have been around for a long time,
    0:18:15 people are used to paying for this functionality.
    0:18:20 Does anything else go into your market validation
    0:18:22 or competitive analysis phase
    0:18:26 before you start prompting the code generators?
    0:18:28 – Yes and no, no, in one sense,
    0:18:32 because a lot of my own projects,
    0:18:34 again, just me personally,
    0:18:37 they are based on that scratch your own itch.
    0:18:39 So part of me doesn’t care so much.
    0:18:41 – Okay, yeah, I’m gonna build this for myself
    0:18:44 and if anybody buys it, that’s gravy, okay.
    0:18:47 – I use my podcasting, I call it a pod promo.
    0:18:47 Don’t go sign up for it,
    0:18:49 but I just call it a pod promo.
    0:18:51 I’m probably never gonna sell it
    0:18:52 just ’cause I don’t really wanna focus on that.
    0:18:54 I still use it every week,
    0:18:56 but yes, on the other hand,
    0:18:58 I do think if you are going to approach this
    0:19:02 first and foremost as a money-making venture,
    0:19:03 which I think most people should,
    0:19:06 yeah, I do think you should validate these ideas
    0:19:08 and this might be skipping ahead a little bit,
    0:19:12 but my strategy for this is really obvious.
    0:19:14 It’s really annoying to listen to on a podcast,
    0:19:17 but that is have an existing audience,
    0:19:21 build an audience that follows you
    0:19:25 from platform to platform, from project to project,
    0:19:28 from this idea to that idea, that sort of thing.
    0:19:31 This is, in my opinion, the one,
    0:19:35 the only marketing strategy that is pretty foolproof, right?
    0:19:39 Not based on anything happening with Twitter or X
    0:19:42 or Blue Sky or Facebook or TikTok or Instagram
    0:19:47 or email open rates or Apple or you get my picture, right?
    0:19:49 So for me personally, that’s the validation.
    0:19:51 I do have an existing email list
    0:19:53 that I’ve been cultivating for years
    0:19:57 and I generally send it to them within,
    0:19:58 within a couple of weeks of having the idea.
    0:20:00 Like, oh, I built this MVP.
    0:20:01 – But it’s not huge.
    0:20:03 It’s not like hundreds of thousands of followers.
    0:20:04 – No, no, no.
    0:20:05 I think I have, I don’t mind sharing.
    0:20:09 I think I have like 5,500 people on my email list.
    0:20:12 – Yeah, which is not nothing, but it’s, you know,
    0:20:14 I guess, you know, a micro influencer status.
    0:20:16 I’ve heard some people call like this range
    0:20:18 between 1,000 and 20,000 or so people,
    0:20:21 paying people, paying attention to your work.
    0:20:22 Yeah.
    0:20:23 – That’s been that way since 2019.
    0:20:24 That’s true, yes.
    0:20:25 – When you come up with these ideas,
    0:20:27 did you do like a pre-sale thing?
    0:20:30 Well, how serious is anybody about this?
    0:20:32 Would they actually, you know, enter their PayPal?
    0:20:34 Would they actually swipe their credit card for this?
    0:20:36 Before I go through the trouble of building it,
    0:20:37 or now it’s, I’m gonna build it
    0:20:38 ’cause I don’t take that much time
    0:20:40 and then we’ll see what the reaction is.
    0:20:44 – So I do like to build something
    0:20:46 that people can access first.
    0:20:49 I think if people are going into online courses
    0:20:52 or membership sites or any of these more
    0:20:55 traditional digital product ideas,
    0:20:57 I do think validating the idea,
    0:20:59 getting people to, a pre-sale,
    0:21:01 getting people to pay you before you build it,
    0:21:02 totally valid.
    0:21:05 Because I think these are much bigger projects.
    0:21:09 I think for these software products,
    0:21:12 especially since we’re staying small to begin with,
    0:21:13 and that’s what I do,
    0:21:15 I try and stay really small, really tight,
    0:21:20 one tiny feature, one tiny solution to a problem,
    0:21:21 I built them first.
    0:21:26 And usually that can take anywhere from two or three hours
    0:21:30 to maybe 20, 30 hours over a couple of weeks.
    0:21:32 It’s like my longest one.
    0:21:33 But generally I can whip something up now
    0:21:35 in a couple of hours.
    0:21:36 It’s not gonna look very pretty,
    0:21:38 but I’ll put it in front of my audience
    0:21:40 for a very small offer.
    0:21:43 And sometimes not even my entire email list.
    0:21:46 I have a group of about 100 to 200 people
    0:21:50 that used to be paying members of my membership community,
    0:21:52 people I know that I could literally text on the phone,
    0:21:54 like people that are close to me.
    0:21:56 And I’ll generally offer it to them first
    0:22:00 for a very small lifetime deal, topical map AI.
    0:22:04 I think I sold for like $39 lifetime, period.
    0:22:07 Does anyone going to pay for this at all?
    0:22:09 That’s what I was going for.
    0:22:12 – Right, and if there is some positive feedback
    0:22:13 and reaction in purchasers,
    0:22:17 then I can invest the time to polishing it up,
    0:22:19 making it look pretty, all this other stuff.
    0:22:22 – Totally, I sold one product called EasyCourse,
    0:22:24 which was terrible, by the way, in retrospect.
    0:22:26 And part of the reason I know it was terrible
    0:22:29 is because it got exactly two sales,
    0:22:32 and it was a really cheap price point.
    0:22:33 It got exactly two sales.
    0:22:36 And those two people both had major issues
    0:22:37 and they couldn’t figure it out.
    0:22:40 And I was like, this was not it.
    0:22:41 It was really clear.
    0:22:43 – This was gonna be like a learning management system?
    0:22:44 – It was basically like never ever paid
    0:22:47 for online course software again, and it works.
    0:22:49 – Like a think-effect, teachable, that kind of, okay.
    0:22:52 – Really dumbed down, simplified version.
    0:22:54 Yes, but yes, that’s exactly that.
    0:22:59 And I was going to teach people how to build that themselves.
    0:23:00 They had actually, they had my template.
    0:23:02 They could just duplicate the template
    0:23:04 and they changed the content and they have an online course
    0:23:07 that people could buy or that they could sign up for.
    0:23:09 It did not go over well at all.
    0:23:10 No one was interested in the two people
    0:23:12 that bought, didn’t have a good time.
    0:23:13 So that was a big fail.
    0:23:15 And there’ve been one or two other projects
    0:23:17 where it’s, again, dirt cheap price point,
    0:23:21 but it’ll be like 25 sales, 50 sales, 100 sales, 200 sales.
    0:23:25 And that is when I like, okay, now I can double down,
    0:23:28 fill out this product, do a little bit more marketing,
    0:23:30 maybe, and that sort of stuff.
    0:23:31 – Okay, now I like that.
    0:23:33 I want to dive deeper into different marketing strategies,
    0:23:38 but tell me about this two to 20 hour creation phase
    0:23:42 of, you know, from idea to having something
    0:23:45 that is viable and something somebody might even have
    0:23:46 the opportunity to pay for.
    0:23:47 What goes into that time?
    0:23:50 – The very first app I built that went public
    0:23:52 and that people could actually sign up for
    0:23:57 took about six weeks and like 40 hours a week.
    0:23:59 It took a really long time.
    0:24:01 This was two years ago at this point.
    0:24:04 And I wasn’t really using AI a whole lot.
    0:24:08 I was going through a YouTube course that I found
    0:24:10 and like doing what this person did.
    0:24:12 It’s a change it for my app and doing with,
    0:24:15 doing with this next lesson and change it for my app.
    0:24:18 And I got lost so many times, couldn’t figure out or whatnot.
    0:24:22 The next app, which was maybe six months later,
    0:24:24 it’s about a year and a half ago-ish,
    0:24:26 is a little bit more AI friendly.
    0:24:29 Like I kind of had that experience under my belt
    0:24:32 and I swear Nick, it took like less than a week,
    0:24:34 maybe 15 hours total.
    0:24:36 This was me sitting down at my computer
    0:24:39 and like whipping up some code
    0:24:42 and then going back and forth with chat GPT
    0:24:44 and back and forth and back and forth, back and forth.
    0:24:45 And then we get an app.
    0:24:47 – What would be like a starting prompt?
    0:24:51 And this is in chat GPT versus some other software
    0:24:52 specific tool?
    0:24:57 – The past three to six months have shown us
    0:25:01 an explosion in AI code editors.
    0:25:03 They call these IDEs.
    0:25:05 I don’t even know what that stands for, to be honest with you.
    0:25:08 But VS Code has been around for decades
    0:25:11 and it’s a software on your computer.
    0:25:13 Windows or Mac, Ted Matter, you open it up
    0:25:15 and this is where you actually write your code.
    0:25:17 But now it has AI in there.
    0:25:19 And there are two or three other tools
    0:25:21 I can throw out later if you’d like me to.
    0:25:23 I use one called cursor.
    0:25:27 And cursor, I would literally fired up
    0:25:30 and let’s say you wanted to make a WordPress plugin
    0:25:32 for your Google Doc formatting issue.
    0:25:35 You could literally just fired up, no folders open,
    0:25:38 no files open, just like a blank screen
    0:25:39 that you’re basically staring at.
    0:25:40 And you could tell it,
    0:25:43 “Please create me a WordPress plugin
    0:25:48 where I can copy and paste in text from a Google Doc
    0:25:51 and so on and so on and so on and so on.”
    0:25:53 You just tell it that and it’s gonna whip something up.
    0:25:55 It’ll do it on its own now.
    0:25:56 You’ll sit there and watch it.
    0:25:59 It’ll create this file, it’ll implement it.
    0:26:00 It’ll create another file.
    0:26:01 It’ll analyze this other file.
    0:26:04 It’ll create this, it’ll analyze that.
    0:26:07 And I would say like 90 seconds later,
    0:26:08 you’re probably gonna have something
    0:26:10 pretty close to functional.
    0:26:13 There’s always gonna be troubleshooting and errors for sure.
    0:26:17 But at this day and age, you can try one of these tools.
    0:26:19 You can prompt it like you were telling,
    0:26:21 like you were talking to another developer.
    0:26:22 If you had no idea how to code,
    0:26:25 you would just say, “I want an app that does this
    0:26:27 and ties into my Google Calendar
    0:26:29 and then emails me this and then does this
    0:26:30 and then does this.”
    0:26:32 And it’s gonna do it.
    0:26:33 That sounds overly simple,
    0:26:35 but that’s what we’re at these days.
    0:26:36 – That’s pretty crazy, okay.
    0:26:40 And then you go into the testing phase after that
    0:26:42 or it really can’t be that easy.
    0:26:46 It’s like just telling it in plain English,
    0:26:47 this is what I wanna build.
    0:26:49 There’s gotta be, I need login information,
    0:26:52 I need API access,
    0:26:57 there’s gotta be other things or is there not?
    0:26:58 – Yes and no.
    0:26:59 You might actually be surprised
    0:27:03 how much is not needed these days.
    0:27:08 But that said, it can save you a lot of headache down the road
    0:27:14 if you kind of prompt an AI for the big picture first.
    0:27:16 So I have my notes open here.
    0:27:19 I have like a seven step kind of process
    0:27:21 to this entire thing.
    0:27:22 We’ve already gone over a couple of these.
    0:27:25 Number one, have an idea in some way.
    0:27:28 I think the second big step is asking AI,
    0:27:32 chat, TPT, Claude, Google, doesn’t matter.
    0:27:33 Asking for the big picture.
    0:27:35 Say I wanna create a WordPress plugin
    0:27:38 that does this and does this and does this.
    0:27:41 What are the big steps to implementation
    0:27:43 and what tools should I use?
    0:27:44 And AI is gonna give you a lot of things
    0:27:46 you can kind of choose from.
    0:27:49 And it’ll be like, oh, Firebase, that’s free.
    0:27:50 It’s made by Google.
    0:27:54 I can use Firebase for my backend, my database.
    0:27:55 I’m not a backend developer at all.
    0:27:59 But I know I need to store information somewhere
    0:28:01 in a spreadsheet or database or something.
    0:28:04 So I use Firebase and I found it from AI
    0:28:06 that was like, oh, you could use Firebase for this
    0:28:08 ’cause it’s free.
    0:28:10 It has a database, it has authentication
    0:28:12 where people can log in to your app
    0:28:15 and creates a cookie and this sort of stuff.
    0:28:16 Again, I don’t even know how all of these things work.
    0:28:19 But start with the big picture.
    0:28:22 Start by kind of choosing some tools.
    0:28:24 Even if you don’t know what tools you need yet,
    0:28:25 no one does, right?
    0:28:27 Ask AI, ask the big picture.
    0:28:28 – Okay.
    0:28:31 – And then the next two steps we kind of mentioned already.
    0:28:34 The next one will be to actually go into one of your code
    0:28:37 editors or whatever and then start.
    0:28:38 Prompt it to build something.
    0:28:42 Create this page, create this app, create this plugin,
    0:28:43 whatever.
    0:28:46 And then there’s only really two more steps here.
    0:28:49 Number one, try it, fire it up.
    0:28:50 Figure out how to do that.
    0:28:52 It’s generally not that hard
    0:28:55 because of how advanced AI is these days.
    0:28:56 And if you can’t figure something out,
    0:28:57 why don’t you just ask it again?
    0:29:00 Like, how do I open this in my browser?
    0:29:01 That was one of the first things I Googled.
    0:29:03 Like, oh, I have code on my computer.
    0:29:04 How do I test this?
    0:29:06 How do I see it in my browser?
    0:29:08 And AI is like, oh, yeah, click this link.
    0:29:12 It’s localhost colon five, seven, three,
    0:29:13 I don’t know what it was.
    0:29:14 – Yeah, okay, okay.
    0:29:15 – Right?
    0:29:18 And then test it out and then fix errors.
    0:29:19 And that’s it.
    0:29:21 It’s that over and over and over again.
    0:29:24 Test it out, something’s not gonna work.
    0:29:27 And they’re gonna be like, AI, this did not work.
    0:29:28 Why?
    0:29:31 And then hopefully it’s gonna give you some ideas.
    0:29:32 It’s gonna change things for you at this point.
    0:29:35 It didn’t used to be that way a year ago.
    0:29:38 But implement something, test it, ask AI to fix it.
    0:29:41 That sounds overly simple,
    0:29:43 but that’s like my entire workflow these days.
    0:29:45 Get AI to build something, test it out.
    0:29:47 – Yeah, that’s interesting.
    0:29:48 ‘Cause my first thought was,
    0:29:51 and then you gotta go to Upwork to find somebody,
    0:29:54 but it’s like, no, just ask, hey, how come this didn’t work?
    0:29:57 It’s, I mean, what are the implications of like,
    0:30:00 you know, at least $300,000 a year,
    0:30:03 software developers, salaries, and–
    0:30:03 – I don’t know.
    0:30:04 – It’s cool.
    0:30:05 Like from a side hustle, you know,
    0:30:07 builder creator perspective,
    0:30:11 but it’s terrifying from a job security
    0:30:13 if that’s your role in the world.
    0:30:14 – Sure, I don’t know.
    0:30:18 And nobody knows for the most part.
    0:30:22 But I think maybe a more relevant question
    0:30:23 for me personally,
    0:30:25 not to hijack your question there, Nick.
    0:30:28 But if this is such a golden opportunity now,
    0:30:31 and everybody can do it, can’t everybody do it?
    0:30:35 Can’t Nick go home and spit out like five apps tonight
    0:30:36 over the course of like an hour,
    0:30:41 just because of these AI technology advances?
    0:30:43 Yes, absolutely.
    0:30:46 And I think we have a very limited window.
    0:30:46 – Yeah.
    0:30:47 – I’m not selling anything.
    0:30:49 So, you know, I’m telling the truth here.
    0:30:52 There’s a very limited window to do this,
    0:30:56 to use AI to build apps for money
    0:30:59 before, this is just not a thing anymore.
    0:31:01 Before, now you just tell Siri on,
    0:31:03 I’m talking about now, a year from now,
    0:31:04 you might just tell Siri,
    0:31:06 hey, could you build me an app
    0:31:08 and go ahead and install it to my WordPress site
    0:31:13 at doobnblog.com and go ahead and test it three or four times
    0:31:14 to make sure it’s functional.
    0:31:16 Oh, and by the way, can you whip up a sales email
    0:31:18 to my list and go ahead and schedule that for tomorrow?
    0:31:20 Like, that’s where we’re going.
    0:31:24 And so I think the next 12 months, 18 months,
    0:31:29 is where we as humans can build these software products
    0:31:31 and hopefully capitalize on it,
    0:31:33 at least a little bit before that happens.
    0:31:35 – And yeah, the developer jobs, I don’t know,
    0:31:36 but it’s looking grim.
    0:31:39 – Okay, that’s interesting.
    0:31:40 I mean, that’s like, you know,
    0:31:43 this whole neighborhood is a lot of Microsoft,
    0:31:46 a lot of Amazon, a lot of tech jobs
    0:31:48 in the Seattle suburbs where I’m at.
    0:31:51 So it’s interesting for sure.
    0:31:56 Okay, so we’ve kind of described what we want in AI.
    0:31:58 Now it’s kind of this back and forth,
    0:32:01 the troubleshooting process and testing process.
    0:32:03 You know, like any project, this QA phase,
    0:32:05 and this was my biggest pain point
    0:32:07 working with any software development project.
    0:32:10 You know, I’d send them over my spec
    0:32:13 and they would, and even if it was just updates
    0:32:14 to an existing project,
    0:32:16 there’s like for the shoe business I used to have.
    0:32:19 And it’d be like, hey, we did all the things that you asked for.
    0:32:21 And you’d send it, like the very first thing would be like,
    0:32:23 broke and be like, did you test this at all?
    0:32:25 It was like the most frustrating thing.
    0:32:27 They’re so eager to like ship it, get it off their desk.
    0:32:31 It’s like, where was the QA phase in any of this?
    0:32:32 I don’t know.
    0:32:33 Okay, but that’s the next thing.
    0:32:36 And then we go into the marketing part.
    0:32:38 I don’t know, it was your list.
    0:32:42 What was toward the end of this seven steps?
    0:32:43 That’s basically it.
    0:32:45 I’ll tell you one more very quick lesson
    0:32:48 ’cause I think this is incredibly important
    0:32:52 for anybody who touches code or apps or anything.
    0:32:56 Things will go wrong and you don’t need to know the answer.
    0:32:57 So about two years ago,
    0:33:01 I hired some person on Reddit in the Svelte community.
    0:33:02 I didn’t know a thing.
    0:33:03 I didn’t know what I was doing.
    0:33:05 I was like, can I just like hire you
    0:33:06 for a 30 minute zoom call
    0:33:10 to look at some of my code here and like figure this out?
    0:33:13 And this person was a complete professional.
    0:33:15 He’s one of these like $300,000 a year,
    0:33:17 like tech bros, he’s super kind.
    0:33:19 And we got on the call.
    0:33:21 I hired this guy, he came in here
    0:33:23 and he took a look at the problem
    0:33:25 and he’s like, yeah, I have no idea.
    0:33:29 And my first thought was like, okay, awesome, sweet.
    0:33:30 Thanks.
    0:33:32 So what am I paying you for, yeah.
    0:33:36 – Yeah, but two and a half seconds later, he said,
    0:33:37 all right, let’s figure it out.
    0:33:40 And he said it in this, this jolly tone like,
    0:33:42 oh, I have no idea what the problem is.
    0:33:44 I have no idea how to fix this.
    0:33:45 Oh, let’s figure it out.
    0:33:48 And so he literally, I sat there and watched his screen
    0:33:52 as he opened Google and like copied and pasted my code
    0:33:55 and then like went to some result and read something
    0:33:56 and like two and a half minutes, he’s like,
    0:33:58 oh, let’s just copy and paste this
    0:34:00 and put it in your code and see if it works.
    0:34:00 And it did.
    0:34:03 And I was like, oh, okay.
    0:34:06 This is what that job looks like, problem solving.
    0:34:07 And it’s the same thing.
    0:34:09 – And that’s entrepreneurship in a nutshell.
    0:34:12 You may remember Brian Harris had this video
    0:34:13 years and years ago.
    0:34:14 – Just figure it out.
    0:34:15 – Just figure it out, right?
    0:34:17 You know, you’re always going to hit that next ceiling
    0:34:20 and that next problem, that next hurdle obstacle.
    0:34:21 What are we going to do?
    0:34:22 Let’s figure it out.
    0:34:23 Like that’s your job.
    0:34:26 So no, I’ll highlight that point for sure.
    0:34:27 – Totally.
    0:34:29 And I still get stuck in this every now and then.
    0:34:32 I will reach something that is not working
    0:34:34 and I’m frustrated and I’m frustrated.
    0:34:36 And maybe I do one or two Google searches
    0:34:39 when I’m frustrated and eventually my mind comes back
    0:34:42 around to, oh my gosh, I just need to ask somebody
    0:34:45 and by somebody, I mean AI these days.
    0:34:48 And so I do and without fail,
    0:34:51 I’m generally like five minutes away from the solution.
    0:34:54 So again, just to reiterate here,
    0:34:57 I like to have an idea, check.
    0:35:02 I like to prompt AI for the big picture implementation.
    0:35:03 That’s my exact words.
    0:35:07 What’s the big picture implementation to building this?
    0:35:10 Or what are some different tools I should use for this?
    0:35:12 – Okay.
    0:35:13 – And if we have time, Nick,
    0:35:16 I want to talk about back end as a service,
    0:35:17 which is brilliant.
    0:35:18 It’s the brilliant, we’ll talk about that later
    0:35:22 if we have time, but big picture.
    0:35:25 And then ask AI, okay, what’s the first step
    0:35:28 if you’re using chat GPT, you might ask it.
    0:35:29 What’s the very first step?
    0:35:31 What do I need to code first?
    0:35:33 What do I do with this?
    0:35:34 Where do I put this on my computer?
    0:35:36 Do I create a folder or do I, what do I do with this?
    0:35:40 Or if you’re using a code editor like cursor,
    0:35:43 like VS code, like windsurf, replete,
    0:35:46 all these other ones, then you can pretty much just start.
    0:35:50 You could say create me a plugin that does X, Y and Z.
    0:35:53 Fire it up, test it.
    0:35:55 However you test it depends on what you’re building.
    0:35:58 If you don’t know how to test it, ask AI.
    0:36:00 How do I see if this is working or not?
    0:36:02 Try it, try to use it that for me,
    0:36:04 that was uploading a podcast episode
    0:36:06 and trying to get a transcription.
    0:36:08 Didn’t work for a long time.
    0:36:11 And then ask AI to fix it.
    0:36:14 Ask AI to troubleshoot, find what’s happening here.
    0:36:16 And if AI doesn’t work, you can go to Google.
    0:36:18 That takes a little bit longer these days.
    0:36:20 And then do it again, and then do it again.
    0:36:22 And that’s it, that’s the whole process.
    0:36:24 – More with Pete in just a moment,
    0:36:26 including the marketing and monetization
    0:36:29 of these AI coded apps and how we sold one of his creations
    0:36:32 for $45,000 right after this.
    0:36:36 – Let’s talk about the marketing and monetization piece
    0:36:39 and then circle back to this backend as a service.
    0:36:42 So obviously it is helpful
    0:36:46 if you have your own existing legion of followers,
    0:36:48 your 5,500 email subscribers, great.
    0:36:50 If you don’t have that, hey, start building in public,
    0:36:52 you know, start doing the social media,
    0:36:54 start building that up, obviously a good practice.
    0:36:58 What happens once you’ve tapped out that audience?
    0:37:00 It doesn’t get you necessarily super far,
    0:37:02 it doesn’t necessarily get your recurring revenue
    0:37:05 if you’re doing it as a one-time, beta,
    0:37:07 lifetime deal, super discounted.
    0:37:10 Well, what else have you seen work on the marketing side?
    0:37:13 – There are two big categories,
    0:37:16 one of which I hate and I’ve had no success with,
    0:37:18 but I’m gonna tell it to you anyways.
    0:37:20 And the other which I’ve had a lot of success with,
    0:37:22 and I love it and it’s what I wanna do going forward.
    0:37:27 So the first category would be all the traditional advice
    0:37:29 that you could literally Google right now
    0:37:31 and I’ll just list off some.
    0:37:35 Product time, launch your product on product time.
    0:37:37 You could do that, it’s actually not hard.
    0:37:41 – Yeah, this is huge in like the indie maker community.
    0:37:43 – It is, but it’s super hard
    0:37:45 because every single day of the week,
    0:37:47 dozens and dozens and dozens and dozens of companies
    0:37:48 are doing this.
    0:37:51 Some of which already have an existing audience
    0:37:53 of a million people that are gonna go and upvote
    0:37:55 their thing or whatever.
    0:37:56 – Right, yeah.
    0:37:58 – There’s a lot of these types of ideas.
    0:38:00 Oh, launch to this.
    0:38:02 Oh, go on, it used to be like hacker news.
    0:38:04 Hacker news, hacker news, what was that?
    0:38:05 Doesn’t matter.
    0:38:08 Oh, go to this forum and post it here
    0:38:12 and then, oh, post it here and launch it here.
    0:38:15 I tried that for a couple of different projects now,
    0:38:17 three projects, I’ve tried to go that route
    0:38:20 and it has not worked at all for me personally.
    0:38:22 Some people swear by it, you can Google
    0:38:23 these sort of things, how to launch an app,
    0:38:26 how to market your app or whatever
    0:38:27 and those things are gonna pop up.
    0:38:28 – Yeah.
    0:38:31 – I’m gonna, the second category, the second category,
    0:38:34 partnerships, I’ve done various partnerships
    0:38:37 over the decades of entrepreneurship
    0:38:41 and I think this idea of building your own apps
    0:38:42 is by far the easiest.
    0:38:45 It’s the easiest pitch in the world
    0:38:46 and I’ll tell you how I got into this.
    0:38:51 So I tried to sell one of my apps almost a year ago,
    0:38:53 like nine months ago and I was just trying
    0:38:55 to offload it very cheap.
    0:38:58 I told somebody like $15,000, that’s it, period.
    0:38:59 I was already making a little bit of money,
    0:39:01 15 grand, it’s yours.
    0:39:05 And I found a buyer, I met with this person on Zoom
    0:39:08 and they were like, I’m happy to pay $15,000
    0:39:13 or we can come in as 50/50 partners,
    0:39:14 we will now be partners in this business,
    0:39:16 we’ll split all the profits or whatever.
    0:39:19 I know this guy over here who has an audience
    0:39:23 of like a bajillion people and he wants to market the app.
    0:39:26 And I was like, doing the math in my head,
    0:39:28 like even if this barely pans out,
    0:39:30 this is like a win-win for me
    0:39:33 or this is a zero lose for me, there’s no downside.
    0:39:36 And so I told the guy, yeah, sure.
    0:39:39 I brought him on at 50/50 partners, he did promote it,
    0:39:41 it did grow, it made great money
    0:39:43 and my mind was just blown.
    0:39:45 I was like, I’ve already done the work,
    0:39:47 I’ve already built this app for the most part.
    0:39:48 I actually did a little bit more work on it,
    0:39:50 but I didn’t have to do any marketing.
    0:39:52 They were like sending it to their email list
    0:39:54 and they produced a couple of YouTube videos.
    0:39:56 They created a social channels and I was like,
    0:39:58 oh my gosh, this is amazing.
    0:40:01 And I am, so I’m building a new project
    0:40:05 as of last week with a new partner
    0:40:07 who’s been on your show, a mutual friend of ours.
    0:40:09 I won’t name them because the app’s not live yet.
    0:40:11 And it was the same sort of pitch.
    0:40:13 And in fact, I reached out before I even built it.
    0:40:14 I knew this person already, by the way.
    0:40:17 So this wasn’t like a completely cold email.
    0:40:19 I reached out to this person and I said,
    0:40:24 hey, I can build apps now because I’m fancy and I use AI.
    0:40:26 I have this idea right here,
    0:40:29 which would be perfect for your audience.
    0:40:32 So here’s the deal, we’ll split this 50/50.
    0:40:35 I’ll do all the work, I’ll build the app,
    0:40:38 I’ll handle customer support, I’ll create the documentation.
    0:40:40 It’s the things I was gonna do anyways.
    0:40:43 All you gotta do is promote the app however you want.
    0:40:44 – Okay. – Mention it to your email list.
    0:40:47 It’s in the email marketing space, so it’s email related.
    0:40:49 And she was like, yeah, okay.
    0:40:50 This is the easiest pitch in the world.
    0:40:53 So partnerships, finding people
    0:40:55 who have the audience that you need.
    0:40:57 If you don’t have your 5,000 people already
    0:41:00 who are following Nick from project to project,
    0:41:02 I think going and finding these people,
    0:41:05 which is easier said than done, I realize this,
    0:41:08 especially if you don’t have a very strong network yet.
    0:41:09 I get that.
    0:41:13 But I still think there’s, it’s such a good pitch.
    0:41:16 – And your preference is to do it as like almost like a,
    0:41:19 like you said, a 50/50 equity split partnership
    0:41:21 rather than, you know, trying to go out
    0:41:23 and find a hundred different affiliate partners.
    0:41:26 I’ll give you 30% to try and promote this thing.
    0:41:27 – Oh gosh, yeah.
    0:41:29 Affiliates, affiliates are the worst.
    0:41:31 Yeah, no, I like this.
    0:41:33 It’s just incentives, right?
    0:41:38 People have that much more incentive to grow,
    0:41:40 to mention it, to promote it, to market it,
    0:41:42 to do all that stuff when they are literally invested.
    0:41:44 It’s not just like a one-off commission.
    0:41:46 It’s not even a recurring commission.
    0:41:49 Part of my pitch, by the way, is we’re gonna run this
    0:41:50 for a year and then we’re gonna sell it.
    0:41:53 Like a sell in apps is like really hot right now.
    0:41:54 That’s part of the, and you get half of that.
    0:41:56 You get 50% of that.
    0:41:59 So yeah, I think it’s a lot easier than affiliates for sure.
    0:41:59 – Okay.
    0:42:02 On the pricing side, do you find like this one-off,
    0:42:05 like, you know, lifetime access for this one price
    0:42:07 or do you do a more traditional SaaS model
    0:42:10 or do the partners, you know, want, you know,
    0:42:12 one pricing model versus the other?
    0:42:14 Like, what do you, what do you see?
    0:42:15 It’s like, well, you know, give me some examples
    0:42:16 of price points on these different tools
    0:42:17 that you’re building.
    0:42:20 – If you plan on selling your app period,
    0:42:23 even if it’s a very small chance of selling your app,
    0:42:25 I think you should go a very traditional route,
    0:42:29 monthly payment, annual payment, subscription-based business.
    0:42:33 For sure, 100% because I don’t think many people
    0:42:34 are interested in buying it otherwise.
    0:42:36 That’s just the truth.
    0:42:40 That said, this is part of the glory of entrepreneurship.
    0:42:42 You do however you want.
    0:42:47 I think there is a space, especially in the Mac app world.
    0:42:49 I have this tool on my computer right now called Clop,
    0:42:51 C-L-O-P.
    0:42:55 It’s just like a, whenever an image hits my downloads folder,
    0:42:57 it just automatically compresses it and like resizes it
    0:42:59 for me and then just drag it.
    0:43:00 That’s great.
    0:43:02 Anyways, no affiliation with these people
    0:43:04 and it was like $30.
    0:43:06 – Lifetime, just a one-time thing.
    0:43:07 – One time, okay, yeah.
    0:43:08 – Right.
    0:43:09 I don’t think they’re ever planning on selling
    0:43:10 any of their apps.
    0:43:13 This is like a developer duo.
    0:43:14 They have like, I don’t know,
    0:43:17 five, 10, 20 different Mac apps.
    0:43:17 They’re never gonna sell.
    0:43:19 This is like their passion thing.
    0:43:21 They don’t even need customer support for the most part.
    0:43:24 Like it’s not an ongoing thing
    0:43:27 that they’re constantly really releasing features for.
    0:43:30 It’s kind of a different thing, a different vibe.
    0:43:31 I don’t know how else to say it, Nick.
    0:43:33 But I do think if you are gonna sell, yeah.
    0:43:35 I think it needs to be traditional subscription,
    0:43:37 monthly payments, that sort of thing.
    0:43:40 – Okay, so that’s what I’m hearing is the app sumo model
    0:43:42 of like the low lifetime access.
    0:43:44 I think great for validation,
    0:43:46 great for proving a concept.
    0:43:48 But not so good.
    0:43:49 Well, now I gotta support this thing
    0:43:51 for the lifetime that I promised.
    0:43:55 And it’s gonna be much harder to sell.
    0:43:57 Like, well, it made $10,000 to sales.
    0:44:00 Well, yeah, but what has it done for me lately?
    0:44:01 How do you gotta keep going back to that well
    0:44:04 versus the recurring model here?
    0:44:07 Obviously much more attractive to a buyer coming in.
    0:44:10 Now, did you have a non-partner exit?
    0:44:13 Any marketplaces that you like to put this stuff up for sale?
    0:44:15 Is there a rule of thumb on multiples?
    0:44:16 What’s going on there?
    0:44:18 – I will give credit where credit is due
    0:44:21 and give a shout out to acquire.com.
    0:44:26 This is the company I use to sell my most recent app.
    0:44:29 And I was, again, I’m not affiliated
    0:44:31 with these people in any way.
    0:44:32 But I was blown away.
    0:44:33 – Is this like a brokerage?
    0:44:35 – They are a brokerage, correct, yes.
    0:44:35 – Okay.
    0:44:38 – I was blown away by how easy it was.
    0:44:39 They met on a Zoom call.
    0:44:41 They walked me through everything.
    0:44:43 In fact, we had like two or three calls
    0:44:45 just to like stay in close contact
    0:44:47 as like buyers were contacted.
    0:44:51 And they actually emailed the listing out to their list.
    0:44:52 And it was great.
    0:44:53 It was absolutely fantastic.
    0:44:56 And there’s a couple of these brokerages.
    0:44:59 I guess Empire Flippers is another one.
    0:45:03 I actually have a listing that’s about to go live there.
    0:45:05 Acquire.com, and there’s one or two other ones.
    0:45:08 Flippa, they do software products as well.
    0:45:09 There’s a couple of these.
    0:45:11 I recommend going that route.
    0:45:16 Yes, you will pay the 8%, 10%, maybe even 15%, I think.
    0:45:18 – Okay.
    0:45:21 – In closing fees, the brokerage fee, totally worth it.
    0:45:23 Totally worth it.
    0:45:26 They make sure all the legal stuff is happening,
    0:45:29 dotting the I’s, crossing the T’s, that sort of thing.
    0:45:31 Yeah, use the brokerage.
    0:45:32 – Which one did you sell?
    0:45:33 Like if you’re comfortable sharing the price point
    0:45:36 or the multiples of the math behind that?
    0:45:37 – Oh, I don’t mind.
    0:45:38 I’m super happy with this.
    0:45:43 So fabfabb.ai, fully autonomous blog bot as you nailed
    0:45:46 early in the upset.
    0:45:50 I did not work on this app for nine months straight.
    0:45:51 I had touched it.
    0:45:54 And I had it on my to-do list to work on it.
    0:45:57 And I got to that day on my to-do list.
    0:45:59 And I’m like, today is fab.ai day.
    0:46:00 I got to work on this thing.
    0:46:02 I opened it up on my computer
    0:46:04 and I had this sinking feeling in my gut.
    0:46:07 Like, I don’t want to do this.
    0:46:08 You know what?
    0:46:10 Maybe I could just sell it.
    0:46:12 And no joke, like 24 hours later,
    0:46:15 I was on a Zoom call with the acquire.com people.
    0:46:18 I had to get like financials and order.
    0:46:19 It was literally just Google Sheets.
    0:46:23 I just Google Sheets financials with income and expenses.
    0:46:26 And I use Stripe for billing and payments.
    0:46:29 So I just kind of connected my Stripe account.
    0:46:31 And I kind of wrote like a little blurb.
    0:46:35 I wrote how I grew the app, which wasn’t very much at all.
    0:46:37 – You didn’t have recurring revenue at that time?
    0:46:40 – Very little, less than $1,000 a month at that point.
    0:46:44 And so yeah, I use their built-in valuation tool.
    0:46:45 You know, they give you like a huge range.
    0:46:50 Oh, your app could be worth $10,000 or like $130,000.
    0:46:54 Well, mine, I literally just slid the little slider,
    0:46:58 the valuation price point slider on my screen
    0:46:58 all the way down.
    0:47:00 I slid it all the way down.
    0:47:01 I was like, I just want to get rid of this.
    0:47:05 And it was like $45,000 or something.
    0:47:07 And I was like, done, fine.
    0:47:08 That’s great.
    0:47:10 If I, $45,000, I’ll take.
    0:47:11 – Wow, yeah.
    0:47:13 – Again, I launched the app
    0:47:16 and I had like a hundred subscribers, paying subscribers.
    0:47:18 But then I didn’t work on it for like nine months
    0:47:21 and people dropped off and it was, it was crazy, right?
    0:47:23 I have no idea what the multiple was.
    0:47:28 I know that between 30X, 30X monthly net revenue,
    0:47:33 – Monthly. – You can literally Google this.
    0:47:36 Like SaaS, multiple sales or whatever.
    0:47:40 30 to 35 is generally like a pretty normal range,
    0:47:43 I think, 30X to 35X.
    0:47:44 Mine was a little bit more than that
    0:47:47 just ’cause I think it was fairly cheap.
    0:47:49 It was, I’m not selling it for like one and a half million
    0:47:50 dollars, right?
    0:47:51 It was $45,000.
    0:47:53 And that’s it, listed it.
    0:47:56 I think a week and a half later, it was live.
    0:47:59 I had an onslaught of like the initial people
    0:48:02 showing interest and then maybe like three or four people
    0:48:04 a couple of days later that were having a conversation.
    0:48:08 And then one person who was like literally sent over the,
    0:48:11 oh, I forgot what it’s called, the purchase agreement,
    0:48:15 like intent or whatever to buy it, cash closing.
    0:48:17 And I was like, sole, that was easy.
    0:48:18 This was great.
    0:48:20 – A couple of important things to note here.
    0:48:22 One is like, when’s it time to pull the plug
    0:48:25 on your side hustle when it’s, you know,
    0:48:27 when you have post-poned working on it for nine months
    0:48:29 and when you do finally get to it,
    0:48:31 you like within 10 minutes, you’re like,
    0:48:32 this is awful, why am I doing this?
    0:48:34 Like when you come to dread the work,
    0:48:36 that’s a good sign that I don’t need this in my life,
    0:48:38 but it’s an asset, right?
    0:48:39 It’s sort of just shutting it down
    0:48:41 and sunsetting it into the, you know,
    0:48:43 abyss of the internet.
    0:48:45 Hey, this might be worth something to somebody else.
    0:48:47 It might be worth $45,000 to somebody else.
    0:48:49 I think that’s a really interesting one
    0:48:53 where in the case of building tools like this,
    0:48:56 okay, I can build near-term cash flow
    0:48:58 if I sell it either as a one-time thing
    0:49:00 or I sell it as a subscription,
    0:49:03 but I’m also building equity in every incremental,
    0:49:07 you know, $500 that I’m adding to the bottom line
    0:49:08 every month, every $1,000 that I’m adding
    0:49:09 in recurring revenue.
    0:49:13 That’s worth 30 to 35X as an exit valuation.
    0:49:15 It’s like really, really interesting,
    0:49:18 this cash flow plus equity component there.
    0:49:20 – You know, one of the benefit to this,
    0:49:22 this whole building app thing,
    0:49:27 the expenses are essentially zero, essentially zero.
    0:49:32 A few of my apps do use AI themselves.
    0:49:35 Fab2AI was using AI to create blog posts.
    0:49:39 So yeah, there were API costs from OpenAI,
    0:49:44 from Anthropic, who makes the Claude AI models.
    0:49:47 But other than that, like actually hosting the app
    0:49:49 and having it live on the internet is,
    0:49:53 in most cases, free for all my other projects.
    0:49:55 – Yeah, if you already have hosting or something,
    0:49:56 yeah, it makes sense.
    0:49:57 – No, no, no, not even have hosting.
    0:49:59 I mean, you can host it for free.
    0:50:01 You can go to Vercel right now
    0:50:04 and you can deploy, host your app
    0:50:08 with SSL certificates and everything for zero dollars.
    0:50:11 Every single month, like this is there.
    0:50:14 And the back end I use is zero dollars from Google.
    0:50:18 It’s made by Google and Stripe.
    0:50:19 You pay Stripe fees when somebody buys your app,
    0:50:21 but again, it’s free to sign up.
    0:50:23 My expenses for these things are nothing.
    0:50:26 So even if they only make, like you said,
    0:50:29 a hundred bucks a month, 200, 500 bucks a month, like–
    0:50:31 – Yeah, it’s incremental, yeah.
    0:50:32 – The expenses are just nothing, yeah.
    0:50:34 – Yeah, the margins are out of control, yeah.
    0:50:38 Okay, so finding this, we’ll call them like
    0:50:40 the audience partner or the marketing partner.
    0:50:42 And this is one of the side hustle trends
    0:50:43 that have been going on for a long time.
    0:50:46 Like you have the founder and then you have,
    0:50:47 like, well, how are we gonna market this thing?
    0:50:49 Like we need that influencer component,
    0:50:52 like somebody who already talks to the people
    0:50:53 that we want to talk to.
    0:50:55 That would be a good fit for the tool.
    0:50:57 So that’s one component.
    0:50:59 You tease this back end as a service thing.
    0:51:01 So I’ll tee that up for you.
    0:51:06 – Sure, I had the most trouble when I first started out
    0:51:08 figuring out the back end.
    0:51:11 A database hosted on a server somewhere,
    0:51:12 what even is a server?
    0:51:14 A server’s just a computer.
    0:51:15 Took me a while to figure that out,
    0:51:18 but literally just a computer that has a database
    0:51:22 where I store my user data, their email address,
    0:51:25 their name, anything related to my app,
    0:51:28 like the transcription for a podcast or whatever it is.
    0:51:33 That was so hard for me when I first did this.
    0:51:34 It took forever.
    0:51:36 I just could not wrap my head around this.
    0:51:39 How does my app talk to a database
    0:51:42 and back and forth like my mind was just blown?
    0:51:46 So back end as a service is relatively new
    0:51:50 and it’s basically software products itself
    0:51:54 that you can go use for no money, by the way.
    0:51:58 That kind of does most of that heavy lifting for you
    0:52:00 and you kind of plug it into your app
    0:52:01 with a few lines of code
    0:52:04 that you can just kind of copy and paste in.
    0:52:09 But once you do, you can run a back end database authentication
    0:52:13 like for my apps.
    0:52:15 People can use the sign in with Google button.
    0:52:16 Like they click the button
    0:52:18 and then the Google thing pops up
    0:52:20 and they sign in with Google.
    0:52:20 – Oh, okay.
    0:52:22 – I didn’t code any of that.
    0:52:23 – Yeah, yeah.
    0:52:24 I don’t want to create a new password or anything.
    0:52:25 Okay, yeah.
    0:52:29 So this is like the off the shelf tools or templates.
    0:52:30 Like you kind of plug it.
    0:52:32 I don’t have to start completely from scratch.
    0:52:34 Some of this functionality already exists
    0:52:35 and apparently it’s open source
    0:52:40 or it’s available for people to borrow.
    0:52:42 – Again, this is why Nick makes the big bucks
    0:52:44 because off the shelf is the perfect way
    0:52:45 to think about this.
    0:52:46 It is.
    0:52:48 No one cares about messing with databases.
    0:52:50 I do not, I don’t get that.
    0:52:51 My brain doesn’t get that.
    0:52:55 This is off the shelf solutions for databases,
    0:52:58 authentication and other stuff like that.
    0:53:00 But those are the two big things.
    0:53:03 So I’ll just point out, I use Google’s Firebase.
    0:53:06 It’s literally the name of the app, you can Google it.
    0:53:08 And it’s completely free.
    0:53:11 It’s silly, easy to like set up.
    0:53:14 In fact, you can really just ask AI to do it these days.
    0:53:15 And it’ll tell you like,
    0:53:17 oh, first you need to go create a Google account
    0:53:20 and then do this, so on and so forth.
    0:53:21 But once you do that,
    0:53:23 ChatGP knows how to use Firebase.
    0:53:24 They know how to use SuperBase.
    0:53:26 They know how to use these back end as a service things.
    0:53:30 And if you ever have to manage it yourself,
    0:53:33 it’s as simple as going to their website,
    0:53:35 Firebase or SuperBase,
    0:53:38 and kind of like point and click, searching for things.
    0:53:40 It’s the off the shelf things.
    0:53:42 You don’t want to touch SQL.
    0:53:44 You don’t want to be doing queries for databases
    0:53:47 ’cause that’s just, oh, that’s way beyond the scope
    0:53:48 of anything I know how to do.
    0:53:50 So yes, back end as a service,
    0:53:52 you’re gonna have to pick one, that’s what I’m saying.
    0:53:53 So Google what that is,
    0:53:55 ask ChatGPT, get signed up.
    0:53:59 They’re completely free to start with and go from there.
    0:54:02 – All right, it sounds like a project for,
    0:54:03 after putting the kids to bed,
    0:54:06 let me dig around on the internet,
    0:54:10 which has always been and found my coding knowledge
    0:54:11 is super, super limited.
    0:54:13 Like I can read some HTML and, you know,
    0:54:16 insert hyperlinks and stuff like that.
    0:54:20 But otherwise it’s super, super basic enough to figure out,
    0:54:22 you know, every time I hit refresh on,
    0:54:24 after I had an updating code and it doesn’t break.
    0:54:26 Like, yes, okay, I’m a programming genius.
    0:54:27 This is amazing.
    0:54:29 But this is really cool.
    0:54:31 I mean, we’re going back to like hypercard,
    0:54:32 to do hypercard.
    0:54:35 It’s this like middle school era of programming,
    0:54:38 you know, shout out to like the two people in the audience
    0:54:41 who will get that reference if they’re old enough to,
    0:54:42 but it was this, you know,
    0:54:44 going back to this practice of figuring it out
    0:54:48 where the teacher would kind of, you know,
    0:54:51 write a very simple instruction or prompt
    0:54:53 at end of the beginning of the class,
    0:54:56 the beginning of the quarter, super frustrating.
    0:54:58 Like, dude, you didn’t tell us how to do any of that.
    0:55:00 How are we supposed to do the thing?
    0:55:02 And it’s just, you kind of like,
    0:55:03 it was super frustrating.
    0:55:05 It’s like, give me the instructions.
    0:55:06 I will find that was like the kind of student,
    0:55:08 like I will knock this out of the park for you.
    0:55:12 But it was so open-ended and it took a few weeks
    0:55:14 into the class to be like,
    0:55:16 there’s a method to your madness here.
    0:55:18 I ended up being one of the most fun
    0:55:20 and rewarding classes here.
    0:55:22 And I can kind of see this being similar,
    0:55:25 like creating something just to solve a problem of your own
    0:55:28 to like, you know, put something out into the world.
    0:55:31 I think it’s really, it’s really unique.
    0:55:34 But anything surprised you over the last couple of years
    0:55:36 in building these things and trying to market and sell them?
    0:55:40 – The most surprising thing is that I actually did it.
    0:55:43 I didn’t go to school for this.
    0:55:45 I’ve never went to a coding boot camp.
    0:55:46 So on and so forth, right?
    0:55:49 I’m not a trained developer.
    0:55:52 But at some point, like I literally coded something
    0:55:53 and built it and got paying customers
    0:55:55 and then sold the company.
    0:55:57 And not for a million bajillion dollars.
    0:55:58 – Yeah, isn’t that crazy?
    0:56:00 – But yes, it is crazy.
    0:56:04 And I’ve just blown away by not just me,
    0:56:08 but the fact that we can all do stuff like this now.
    0:56:11 Again, we have AI to thank for the large part.
    0:56:13 But for anybody listening to this,
    0:56:16 we can all build apps now, software.
    0:56:17 It’s just wild.
    0:56:20 And every single week that goes by, it gets easier,
    0:56:22 which is continuing to be surprising.
    0:56:26 – So if you got a checklist of future projects
    0:56:29 that you wanna build, what’s next?
    0:56:30 Where are you going with this?
    0:56:31 – Yeah, you want the ideas?
    0:56:32 I will literally just throw them to the ether
    0:56:34 and then somebody can steal them.
    0:56:36 Number one, an app that will text me
    0:56:40 when half time is over for my college football games.
    0:56:43 I wanna be able to input Nick’s team,
    0:56:46 the Washington Huskies, GoDocs,
    0:56:48 but also the George Bulldogs, GoDocs.
    0:56:49 I wanna input my team
    0:56:51 and I wanna get a text message when half time is over
    0:56:52 and the game is starting back.
    0:56:54 So I can walk back in the other room
    0:56:55 and get in front of my TV.
    0:56:56 There’s an app right there
    0:56:58 that I would pay $10 a year for.
    0:56:59 – Love it.
    0:57:00 I mean, it’s like Red Zone, right?
    0:57:01 So it’s similar.
    0:57:02 – Oh, I don’t know.
    0:57:03 I don’t know what Red Zone is.
    0:57:04 Maybe you could share this with me.
    0:57:05 – Well, this is like NFL Red Zone.
    0:57:08 Or like we’ll send you an alert
    0:57:09 when your team is inside the 20 year.
    0:57:11 Like, didn’t something like that exist?
    0:57:12 – I don’t know.
    0:57:13 It’s a great question.
    0:57:15 Either way, I’d pay for it.
    0:57:17 Here’s another one that I think I might actually do
    0:57:18 as my Necklace project,
    0:57:20 unless somebody else does it better.
    0:57:23 And that is an AI mastermind group.
    0:57:25 I wanna be able to log in
    0:57:27 to something that looks like a chat window
    0:57:29 or heck, I might even do voices
    0:57:33 since the AIs have voices now, audio.
    0:57:35 And I literally just wanna interact with it
    0:57:37 as my mastermind group.
    0:57:38 In fact, I wanna go more specific.
    0:57:43 I wanna be able to define the exact people
    0:57:46 that are in my mastermind group, give them names,
    0:57:50 give them character traits and life experiences
    0:57:53 and pros and cons and strengths and weaknesses,
    0:57:57 each person except for their AI.
    0:57:58 And I wanna chat with them.
    0:57:59 So almost like an AI therapist,
    0:58:01 but an AI mastermind group.
    0:58:02 That’s another idea.
    0:58:02 – Yeah.
    0:58:04 And this is something I’ve been exploring.
    0:58:07 Like you can easily prompt it to be like,
    0:58:09 respond as if you’re Tony Robbins,
    0:58:12 respond as if you’re Pat Flynn or Warren Buffett
    0:58:14 or Aristotle or, you know.
    0:58:16 And it’s, I mean, this is kind of taking it
    0:58:17 to the next level.
    0:58:19 We, I’m picturing there like talking heads,
    0:58:22 you know, Hagen generated on a screen here.
    0:58:23 – Totally.
    0:58:26 I’ll give you another one that’s somebody else to do
    0:58:27 that I don’t want to do.
    0:58:32 And that is affiliate tracking software,
    0:58:33 but dirt cheap.
    0:58:35 So there are a lot of tools out there
    0:58:39 like rewardful and what’s the other one?
    0:58:41 Link mink, there’s another one.
    0:58:43 These are affiliate referral softwares
    0:58:46 where you sign up, you pay $49 a month
    0:58:47 and they give you this code,
    0:58:51 a line of JavaScript or something
    0:58:53 that you install into your site.
    0:58:56 Maybe it’s WordPress, maybe it’s a software product
    0:58:59 like ConvertKit or something like that.
    0:59:00 I don’t know.
    0:59:03 And then they handle your affiliate marketing, right?
    0:59:04 They give you affiliate links.
    0:59:06 They give you a page where your affiliates can sign up
    0:59:08 so on and so forth.
    0:59:11 All of these are way overpriced
    0:59:14 and the market is itching for people like me
    0:59:18 who are indie developers to pay $9 a month
    0:59:21 and just have a dirt simple affiliate tracking thing.
    0:59:23 I don’t know why these are so expensive
    0:59:24 and somebody needs to create this.
    0:59:27 This is like the AppSumo tidy cow versus Calendly.
    0:59:29 Somebody should build this right now
    0:59:31 and sell it to me and I’ll pay for it.
    0:59:32 There you go.
    0:59:33 And it can’t be that hard.
    0:59:35 I have a Doven yet, but it can’t be that hard.
    0:59:36 – All right.
    0:59:37 These are great.
    0:59:38 Well, you can email Pete, Pete, do you even blog.
    0:59:41 Once you got this developed, doyevenblog.com
    0:59:43 is where you can check them out.
    0:59:46 Thanks so much for schooling me on this stuff.
    0:59:49 I think I’m inspired to start playing around with it
    0:59:51 or allocate a portion of the week
    0:59:53 to just learn new things, start digging around with stuff
    0:59:56 and see what comes of it.
    0:59:58 I think it’s really exciting what you built
    1:00:02 and looking forward to seeing the future projects
    1:00:04 in the pipeline what comes down the road.
    1:00:06 But let’s wrap this thing up
    1:00:09 with your number one tip for side isolation.
    1:00:10 – Quit quicker.
    1:00:12 I think maybe I’ve heard this on your podcast before.
    1:00:14 So this is gonna be a little bit of a cop out.
    1:00:19 But my one tip is to drop your projects faster.
    1:00:25 Drop your ideas faster and move on to the next thing.
    1:00:29 I do think there is a possibility
    1:00:33 that you will quote unquote lack a certain focus here.
    1:00:35 I do think there’s a possibility
    1:00:38 that you might miss out on some opportunity
    1:00:42 if you had tripled down on a project instead of quitting.
    1:00:46 But on the long run, I actually think it’s better advice
    1:00:49 to quit faster and move on to the next thing.
    1:00:53 That’s my side hustle and entrepreneurship mantra right now.
    1:00:55 – Well, I gave my criteria for when it was time
    1:00:58 to throw in the towel when you come to dread the work.
    1:01:00 What’s your quick criteria?
    1:01:01 – That’s a huge one right there.
    1:01:04 I mean, that looks like a lot of different things
    1:01:07 for me personally, but I do feel that now.
    1:01:10 I don’t want to work on this project anymore.
    1:01:12 That’s the number one sign.
    1:01:15 Figure out a way to probably not shut it down completely.
    1:01:16 I’m with you.
    1:01:18 All of these things can be assets.
    1:01:20 I mean, I didn’t touch my app for nine months
    1:01:21 and then I sold it.
    1:01:24 Either just give yourself grace for not working on it
    1:01:25 and just put it down.
    1:01:27 If it’s not costing you any money,
    1:01:30 list it for sale, figure out something else to do with it
    1:01:32 when that work becomes tedious.
    1:01:33 I’m with you.
    1:01:34 – All right, well, this is fair.
    1:01:36 And this is the reason why we ask this question
    1:01:40 because half the time, or oftentimes,
    1:01:41 well, the answer is persistence.
    1:01:44 If you just stick with it through the hard times,
    1:01:48 eventually you get to the pot of gold at the other side.
    1:01:50 Like, well, how long do you really keep digging
    1:01:52 before you just throw it in?
    1:01:54 It just never comes.
    1:01:57 So there’s no shame in quitting.
    1:01:57 Same thing.
    1:02:00 Like if you’re gonna leave your job to start a business,
    1:02:01 I would love to see you start the business
    1:02:02 before quitting your job.
    1:02:04 Like you have lower the height of that cliff
    1:02:05 that you’re jumping off.
    1:02:07 If you’re quitting to something rather than from something,
    1:02:09 you know, a whole lot of psychology around that.
    1:02:12 But you don’t need to hang on to something
    1:02:13 that’s making your life worse.
    1:02:16 So quit quicker is the number one tip from Pete
    1:02:16 in this one.
    1:02:17 It’s been awesome.
    1:02:20 I love the calls to action of like,
    1:02:22 well, if you don’t know how to do it,
    1:02:24 ask the AI to troubleshoot it.
    1:02:26 I love the call to start small.
    1:02:28 I love the call to find a marketing partner
    1:02:30 and share the upside with them.
    1:02:32 Really, really interesting episode.
    1:02:33 Again, one that’s inspired me,
    1:02:36 hopefully to go stride and try and build something on my own.
    1:02:38 But big thanks to Pete for sharing his insight.
    1:02:39 Big thanks to our sponsors
    1:02:41 for helping make this content free for everyone.
    1:02:44 You can hit upsidehustlenation.com/deals
    1:02:47 for all the latest offers from our sponsors in one place.
    1:02:48 Thank you for supporting the advertisers
    1:02:50 that support the show.
    1:02:51 That’s it for me.
    1:02:52 Thank you so much for tuning in.
    1:02:53 If you find a value in the show,
    1:02:55 the greatest compliment is to share it with a friend.
    1:02:58 So fire off that text message to, you know,
    1:03:00 somebody who’s always coming up with different business ideas.
    1:03:02 Hey, have you ever thought doing a software project?
    1:03:04 This episode is for you.
    1:03:05 Until next time, let’s go out there
    1:03:06 and make something happen.
    1:03:08 And I’ll catch you in the next edition
    1:03:09 of the Side Hustle Show.

    Back in the day, you needed someone technical (or paid someone technical) if you wanted to build any kind of software.

    Today, with the popularity of AI tools, not so much.

    Pete McPherson from doyouevenblog.com is earning $100k by using AI tools to help build a series of small-ish web apps, usually built to solve a very specific problem for a very specific customer.

    And he’s here to share with you how he built all of this… without being a developer himself.

    Tune in to Episode 659 of the Side Hustle Show to learn:

    • how AI tools make building software faster and easier even if you’re not a developer
    • why partnerships and recurring revenue are key to scaling and selling your SaaS products
    • the essential tech stack that helps you launch apps quickly with minimal costs

    Full Show Notes: $100k with AI-Coded Apps

    New to the Show? Get your personalized money-making playlist here!

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