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  • Dr. Jerome Kim: Director General of International Vaccine Institute (IVI)

    This week’s remarkable person is Dr. Jerome Kim, Director General of the International Vaccine Institute in Seoul, Korea. Formerly, Dr. Kim was Principal Deputy and Chief of the Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Pathogenesis at the U.S. Military HIV Research Program. He is working to help push forward its effort to solve one the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century, the decoding of the human immune system, specifically the coronavirus but also working on HIV and other viruses. The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) is the world’s only international organization devoted exclusively to developing and introducing new and improved vaccines to protect the world’s poorest people, especially children in developing countries.

    See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

  • Land of the Giants: The Netflix Effect

    Land of the Giants: The Netflix Effect
    Land of the Giants: The Netflix Effect

    Land of the Giants is a podcast from our friends at Recode and the Vox Media Podcast Network that examines the most powerful tech companies of our time.

     

    The second season is called The Netflix Effect, and it’s hosted by Recode editors Rani Molla and Peter Kafka.

     

    The Netflix Effect explores how a company that began as a small DVD-by-mail service ultimately upended Hollywood and completely changed the way we watch TV.

     

    It’s a fascinating look at what really goes on behind the scenes at Netflix, one of the few companies that’s actually growing during the pandemic, and how they’re continuing to transform entertainment for you and me.  

     

    New episodes are released every Tuesday morning. 

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  • #105 – Robert Langer: Edison of Medicine

    #105 – Robert Langer: Edison of Medicine
    #105 – Robert Langer: Edison of Medicine

    Robert Langer is a professor at MIT and one of the most cited researchers in history, specializing in biotechnology fields of drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. He has bridged theory and practice by being a key member and driving force in launching many successful biotech companies out of MIT.

    Support this podcast by supporting these sponsors:
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    This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon.

    Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.

    OUTLINE:
    00:00 – Introduction
    03:07 – Magic and science
    05:34 – Memorable rejection
    08:35 – How to come up with big ideas in science
    13:27 – How to make a new drug
    22:38 – Drug delivery
    28:22 – Tissue engineering
    35:22 – Beautiful idea in bioengineering
    38:16 – Patenting process
    42:21 – What does it take to build a successful startup?
    46:18 – Mentoring students
    50:54 – Funding
    58:08 – Cookies
    59:41 – What are you most proud of?

  • Preventing Pandemics with Genomic Epidemiology

    The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the visibility of scientists and the scientific process to the broader public; suddenly, scientists working on virology and infectious disease dynamics have seen their public profiles rapidly expand. One such scientist is the special guest in this episode, Trevor Bedford, Associate Professor at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.

    An expert in genomic epidemiology, he and his collaborators built Nextstrain, which shares real-time, interactive data visualizations to track the spread of viruses through populations.

    a16z bio deal team partner Judy Savitskaya and Lauren Richardson chat with Trevor about how genomic epidemiology can inform public health decisions; viral mutation and spillover from animals into humans; what can be done now to prevent the next big pandemic; and the shift in scientific communication to pre-prints and open science.

  • Colleen Cutcliffe, Ph.D, Co-founder and CEO of Pendulum, My Crazy Probiotic Experiment (#40)

    Colleen Cutcliffe, Ph.D, Co-founder and CEO of Pendulum, My Crazy Probiotic Experiment (#40)
    Colleen Cutcliffe, Ph.D, Co-founder and CEO of Pendulum, My Crazy Probiotic Experiment (#40)

    Kevin interviews Colleen Cutcliffe, CEO and Co-Founder of Pendulum. Pendulum produces a novel strain probiotic that restores the body’s natural ability to metabolize fiber and produce butyrate. Kevin talks about his results with the probiotics using a continuous glucose monitor. A recent study of Pendulum demonstrated a significant reduction in A1C and blood sugar spikes in people with type 2 diabetes. The study was a U.S. based, multi-site, double-blinded, placebo controlled RCT.

    This is a public episode. If you’d like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.kevinrose.com/subscribe

  • #444: Hugh Jackman on Best Decisions, Daily Routines, The 85% Rule, Favorite Exercises, Mind Training, and Much More

    Brought to you by Magic Spoon, low carb, high protein, and zero sugar cereal.

    “Everyone takes a shower every day, and we don’t complain about it. We do it out of discipline. There will always be an excuse not to meditate.”  — Hugh Jackman 

    Hugh Jackman (@TheHughJackman) is an Academy Award®-nominated, Golden Globe- and Tony Award-winning performer, who has made an impression on audiences of all ages with his multi-hyphenate career persona, as successful onstage in front of live crowds as he is on film.

    I’ve wanted to have Hugh on the show for nearly a decade, and—even with my sky-high hopes—he absolutely over-delivered. In our conversation, we dig into lessons learned, routines, favorite books, exercises, intuition, meditation, and much, much more. Hugh was very gracious with his time, and this is one of the longest interviews he has ever done. 

    Trust me—Hugh delivers the goods, and we had a blast. Enjoy!

    ***

    This episode is brought to you by Magic Spoon Cereal! Magic Spoon is a brand-new cereal that is low carb, high protein, and zero sugar. It tastes just like your favorite sugary cereal. Each serving has 11g of protein, 3g of net carbs, 0g of sugar, and only 110 calories. It’s also gluten free, grain free, keto friendly, soy free, and GMO free. And it’s delicious! It comes in your favorite, traditional cereal flavors like Cocoa, Frosted, and Blueberry.

    Magic Spoon cereal has received a lot of attention since launching last year. Time magazine included it in their list of Best Inventions of 2019, and Forbes called it “the future of cereal.” My listeners—that’s you—get free shipping and a 100% happiness guarantee when you visit MagicSpoon.com/TIM and use code TIM. 

    ***

    If you enjoy the podcast, would you please consider leaving a short review on Apple Podcasts/iTunes? It takes less than 60 seconds, and it really makes a difference in helping to convince hard-to-get guests.

    For show notes and past guests, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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    Past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry Seinfeld, Hugh Jackman, Dr. Jane Goodall, LeBron James, Kevin Hart, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Jamie Foxx, Matthew McConaughey, Esther Perel, Elizabeth Gilbert, Terry Crews, Sia, Yuval Noah Harari, Malcolm Gladwell, Madeleine Albright, Cheryl Strayed, Jim Collins, Mary Karr, Maria Popova, Sam Harris, Michael Phelps, Bob Iger, Edward Norton, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Neil Strauss, Ken Burns, Maria Sharapova, Marc Andreessen, Neil Gaiman, Neil de Grasse Tyson, Jocko Willink, Daniel Ek, Kelly Slater, Dr. Peter Attia, Seth Godin, Howard Marks, Dr. Brené Brown, Eric Schmidt, Michael Lewis, Joe Gebbia, Michael Pollan, Dr. Jordan Peterson, Vince Vaughn, Brian Koppelman, Ramit Sethi, Dax Shepard, Tony Robbins, Jim Dethmer, Dan Harris, Ray Dalio, Naval Ravikant, Vitalik Buterin, Elizabeth Lesser, Amanda Palmer, Katie Haun, Sir Richard Branson, Chuck Palahniuk, Arianna Huffington, Reid Hoffman, Bill Burr, Whitney Cummings, Rick Rubin, Dr. Vivek Murthy, Darren Aronofsky, and many more.

    See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

  • Nicholas Carr on deep reading and digital thinking

    Nicholas Carr on deep reading and digital thinking
    Nicholas Carr on deep reading and digital thinking

    In 1964, the Canadian philosopher Marshall McLuhan wrote his opus Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. In it, he writes, “In the long run, a medium’s content matters less than the medium itself in influencing how we think and act.” Or, put more simply: “Media work their magic, or their mischief, on the nervous system itself.”

    This idea — that the media technologies we rely on reshape us on a fundamental, cognitive level — sits at the center of Nicholas Carr’s 2010 book The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains. A world defined by oral traditions is more social, unstructured, and multi-sensory; a world defined by the written written word is more individualistic, disciplined, and hyper-visual. A world defined by texting, scrolling and social feedback is addicted to stimulus, constantly forming and affirming expressions of identity, accustomed to waves of information.

    Back in 2010, Carr argued that the internet was changing how we thought, and not necessarily for the better. “”My brain, I realized, wasn’t just drifting,” he wrote. “It was hungry. It was demanding to be fed the same way the net fed it — and the more it was fed, the hungrier it became.” His book was a finalist for the Pulitzer that year, but dismissed by many, including me. Ten years on, I regret that dismissal. Reading it now, it is outrageously prescient, offering a framework and language for ideas and experiences I’ve been struggling to define for a decade. 

    Carr saw where we were going, and now I wanted to ask him where we are. In this conversation, Carr and I discuss how speaking, reading, and now the Internet have each changed our brains in different ways, why “paying attention” doesn’t come naturally to us, why we’re still reading Marshall McLuhan, how human memory actually works, why having your phone in sight makes you less creative, what separates “deep reading” from simply reading, why deep reading is getting harder, why building connections is more important than absorbing information, the benefits to collapsing the world into a connected digital community, and much more.

    The point of this conversation is not that the internet is bad, nor that it is good. It’s that it is changing us, just as every medium before it has. We need to see those changes clearly in order to take control of them ourselves. 

    Book recommendations:

    The Control Revolution by James R. Beniger

    The Four-Dimensional Human by Laurence Scott

    A Visit from the Goon Squad by Jennifer Egan

    Want to contact the show? Reach out at ezrakleinshow@vox.com

    Please consider making a contribution to Vox to support this show: bit.ly/givepodcasts Your support will help us keep having ambitious conversations about big ideas.

    New to the show? Want to check out Ezra’s favorite episodes? Check out the Ezra Klein Show beginner’s guide (http://bit.ly/EKSbeginhere)

    Credits:

    Producer/Editer – Jeff Geld

    Research Czar – Roge Karma

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  • Journal Club: Therapeutic Video Game on Trial

    In this episode of the a16z bio journal club, we cover one of the key clinical trials that supported the recent FDA approval of the first prescription video game. The game was developed by Akili Interactive, is called EndeavorRx, and is now a clinically-validated therapy for improving attention in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). 

    But how does a game improve attention? How does a clinical trial evaluate the efficacy of a game? And what are the pros and cons of a video game as compared to traditional pharmacological therapies for ADHD? Bio deal team partner Justin Larkin and Lauren Richardson delve into these questions and more in their discussion of this clinical trial:

    “A novel digital intervention for actively reducing severity of paediatric ADHD (STARS-ADHD): a randomised controlled trial” in Lancet Digital Health (April 2020) by Scott H Kollins, Denton J DeLoss, Elena Cañadas, Jacqueline Lutz, Robert L Findling, Richard S E Keefe, Jeffery N Epstein, Andrew J Cutler, and Stephen V Faraone.

    a16z bio Journal Club (part of the a16z Podcast), curates and covers recent advances from the scientific literature — what papers we’re reading, and why they matter from our perspective at the intersection of biology & technology (for bio journal club). You can find all these episodes at a16z.com/journalclub.

  • #104 – David Patterson: Computer Architecture and Data Storage

    #104 – David Patterson: Computer Architecture and Data Storage
    #104 – David Patterson: Computer Architecture and Data Storage

    David Patterson is a Turing award winner and professor of computer science at Berkeley. He is known for pioneering contributions to RISC processor architecture used by 99% of new chips today and for co-creating RAID storage. The impact that these two lines of research and development have had on our world is immeasurable. He is also one of the great educators of computer science in the world. His book with John Hennessy “Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach” is how I first learned about and was humbled by the inner workings of machines at the lowest level.

    Support this podcast by supporting these sponsors:
    – Jordan Harbinger Show: https://jordanharbinger.com/lex/
    – Cash App – use code “LexPodcast” and download:
    – Cash App (App Store): https://apple.co/2sPrUHe
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    This conversation is part of the Artificial Intelligence podcast. If you would like to get more information about this podcast go to https://lexfridman.com/ai or connect with @lexfridman on Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, Medium, or YouTube where you can watch the video versions of these conversations. If you enjoy the podcast, please rate it 5 stars on Apple Podcasts, follow on Spotify, or support it on Patreon.

    Here’s the outline of the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time.

    OUTLINE:
    00:00 – Introduction
    03:28 – How have computers changed?
    04:22 – What’s inside a computer?
    10:02 – Layers of abstraction
    13:05 – RISC vs CISC computer architectures
    28:18 – Designing a good instruction set is an art
    31:46 – Measures of performance
    36:02 – RISC instruction set
    39:39 – RISC-V open standard instruction set architecture
    51:12 – Why do ARM implementations vary?
    52:57 – Simple is beautiful in instruction set design
    58:09 – How machine learning changed computers
    1:08:18 – Machine learning benchmarks
    1:16:30 – Quantum computing
    1:19:41 – Moore’s law
    1:28:22 – RAID data storage
    1:36:53 – Teaching
    1:40:59 – Wrestling
    1:45:26 – Meaning of life

  • Gross Margins, Early to Late: What They Do (and Don’t) Tell You

    Gross margins are essentially a company’s revenue from products and services minus the costs to deliver those products and services to customers, and it’s one of the most important financial metrics a startup can track.

    And yet, figuring out what goes into the “cost” for delivering products and services is not as simple as it may sound, particularly for high-growth software businesses that might use emerging business models or be leveraging new technology. Why do gross margins matter? When do they matter during a company’s growth? And how do you use them to plan for the future?

    In this episode, a16z general partners Martin Casado, who invests in early stage enterprise startups and  David George, who leads our growth fund, and Sarah Wang  on the growth investing team share their perspectives on how to think about gross margins in both earlier and later stages at a startup. The conversation ranges from the nuances of and strategy for calculating margins with things like cloud costs, freemium users, or implementation costs to the impact margins can have on valuations.