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  • #790: Chris Sacca — How to Succeed by Living on Your Own Terms and Getting Into Good Trouble

    AI transcript
    0:00:02 coming up in this episode.
    0:00:05 – And I need to memorialize these things
    0:00:07 for the benefit of humanity.
    0:00:10 Before we’re all obviated like these kids
    0:00:12 who have these incredible GPAs in this test taking,
    0:00:14 I think it might be useless.
    0:00:17 I think they might have optimized for useless skills.
    0:00:19 And I think the only thing that might keep us going
    0:00:21 is that randomness, that unpredictability,
    0:00:23 those flaws, those fuck ups,
    0:00:25 the things that make us banged up,
    0:00:27 the things where we make bad decisions
    0:00:28 where we’re self-indulgent.
    0:00:30 I’ve had to teach our team
    0:00:32 the number one thing you can be in this business
    0:00:34 is unpredictable.
    0:00:36 Feed into the fact, I am known as mercurial,
    0:00:40 I burn bridges, I will not hesitate to fucking fight you.
    0:00:43 I wear the stupid shirts, I don’t give a shit about much.
    0:00:45 I’ve been known as lighted on fire.
    0:00:46 And guess what?
    0:00:48 People take me seriously as a result.
    0:00:51 I haven’t backed down from all those fucking character flaws
    0:00:53 I have that are very self-destructive.
    0:00:57 But I am all gas, no fucking breaks, as you know.
    0:01:00 Although in our line, we call it no gas, no breaks.
    0:01:02 But we need to cultivate more of that
    0:01:04 if we have any hope as a fucking species.
    0:01:06 We just need to, I’m sorry.
    0:01:12 – Hello boys and girls, ladies and germs.
    0:01:13 This is Tim Ferriss.
    0:01:15 Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show.
    0:01:18 And my guest today is a repeat guest.
    0:01:21 Last time he was on in conversation was 2015.
    0:01:24 So a lot has changed since then.
    0:01:25 His name is Chris Saga.
    0:01:27 Chris is the co-founder of Lower Carbon Capital
    0:01:29 and an accomplished venture investor,
    0:01:31 company advisor and entrepreneur managing
    0:01:34 a portfolio of countless technology, communication,
    0:01:36 and consumer product startups
    0:01:37 through his firm Lower Case Capital.
    0:01:39 Whew, that’s a sense.
    0:01:44 And he actually gave me some disclosure
    0:01:45 in our conversation.
    0:01:46 He was worried about this intro
    0:01:47 because he knew I would be recording this intro
    0:01:49 after the fact.
    0:01:52 And there are some things not in his official bio.
    0:01:57 His trading of commodities contracts related to live hogs,
    0:01:59 which we actually get into.
    0:02:02 His record-setting number of F-bombs
    0:02:03 in this particular episode.
    0:02:06 But let me return to the official bio for just a second.
    0:02:07 Alongside his wife, Crystal,
    0:02:11 Chris grew Lower Case, primarily known for its investments
    0:02:12 in very early-stage technology companies
    0:02:14 like Twitter, Uber, Instagram, Twilio,
    0:02:17 Docker, Optimizely, BlueBottle, Coffee, and Stripe
    0:02:20 into one of history’s most successful funds.
    0:02:21 So there you have it.
    0:02:23 He’s also a hilarious guy,
    0:02:27 whip smart, mercurial, prone to burning bridges,
    0:02:32 and not at all shy about talking about his slips,
    0:02:34 flim flams, bamboozling,
    0:02:37 and other character-building adventures.
    0:02:39 In this episode, we get into it later
    0:02:41 as part of a new project of his,
    0:02:46 where he’s hoping to chat with successful entrepreneurs
    0:02:50 and friends of his about the, I wouldn’t say misdeeds,
    0:02:52 but adventures, getting into hot water,
    0:02:54 getting out of hot water, talking to yourself
    0:02:57 into things, talking your way out of things
    0:03:01 for a new project/podcast called No Permanent Records.
    0:03:03 So hopefully at some point you’ll be able to check that out.
    0:03:05 But first, just a few quick words
    0:03:08 from our fine podcast sponsors,
    0:03:13 and only maybe 15%, 20% at most of the people
    0:03:15 who want to be sponsors for the show become sponsors
    0:03:19 because I personally test and vet everything.
    0:03:21 So with that said, please enjoy.
    0:03:24 – Coffee, coffee, coffee, man,
    0:03:26 do I love a great cup of coffee?
    0:03:27 Sometimes too much.
    0:03:29 Then I’ll have two, three, four, five cups of coffee.
    0:03:32 I do not love the jitters that come from that,
    0:03:34 or how even one really strong cup of coffee
    0:03:36 can impact my sleep,
    0:03:37 which I measure in all sorts of ways,
    0:03:40 which HRV and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.
    0:03:42 But more recently, I have downshifted
    0:03:44 to something that feels good.
    0:03:47 I have been enjoying a more serene morning brew
    0:03:49 from this episode’s sponsor, Mudwater,
    0:03:52 with only a fraction of the caffeine found in a cup of coffee.
    0:03:56 Mudwater gives me all the energy I need without the crash,
    0:03:59 without the fidgety crawling out of my skin kind of feeling.
    0:04:00 And it’s delicious.
    0:04:03 It tastes as if cacao and chai had a beautiful love child.
    0:04:04 I drink it in the morning,
    0:04:07 and sometimes right now I’m exercising in the mountains
    0:04:08 and running around.
    0:04:11 Sometimes I’ll also add some milk and ice for a 2pm,
    0:04:13 maybe 1pm if I’m behaving,
    0:04:15 iced latte, pick me up type of thing.
    0:04:17 Mudwater’s original blend contains
    0:04:19 four different types of mushrooms,
    0:04:22 lion’s mane for focus, cordyceps to promote energy.
    0:04:23 I used to use that when I was competing
    0:04:24 in all sorts of sports,
    0:04:28 and both chaga and reishi to support a healthy immune system.
    0:04:31 I also love that they make and have for a long time,
    0:04:34 donations to support psychedelic therapeutics and research,
    0:04:37 including organizations like the Heroic Hearts Project,
    0:04:38 which I encourage people to check out,
    0:04:42 and the UC Berkeley Center for the Science of Psychedelics.
    0:04:45 You, my dear listeners, can now try Mudwater
    0:04:48 with 15% off, plus a free rechargeable frother
    0:04:52 and free shipping by going to mudwater.com/tim.
    0:04:54 Now listen to the spelling, this is important,
    0:04:59 that’s M-U-D-W-T-R.com/tim.
    0:05:02 So one more time, M-U-D-W-T-R.com/tim
    0:05:07 for a free frother, 15% off, and a better morning routine.
    0:05:10 As many of you know, for the last few years,
    0:05:13 I’ve been sleeping on a midnight lux mattress
    0:05:15 from today’s sponsor, Helix Sleep.
    0:05:17 I also have one in the guest bedroom downstairs,
    0:05:20 and feedback from friends has always been fantastic,
    0:05:22 kind of over the top, to be honest.
    0:05:24 I mean, they frequently say it’s the best night of sleep,
    0:05:26 they’ve had an age, is what kind of mattresses,
    0:05:28 and what do you do, what’s the magic juju,
    0:05:29 it’s something they comment on
    0:05:32 without any prompting from me whatsoever.
    0:05:34 I also recently had a chance to test
    0:05:37 the Helix Sunset Elite in a new guest bedroom,
    0:05:38 which I sometimes sleep in,
    0:05:41 and I picked it for its very soft but supportive feel
    0:05:43 to help with some lower back pain that I’ve had.
    0:05:46 The Sunset Elite delivers exceptional comfort
    0:05:48 while putting the right support in the right spots.
    0:05:50 It is made with five tailored foam layers,
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    0:05:55 zoned lumbar support, right where I need it,
    0:05:58 and middle layers with premium foam and microcoils
    0:06:00 that create a soft, contouring feel,
    0:06:03 which also means if I feel like I wanna sleep on my side,
    0:06:04 I can do that without worrying
    0:06:06 about other aches and pains I might create.
    0:06:09 And with a luxurious pillow top for pressure relief,
    0:06:11 I look forward to nestling into that bed every night
    0:06:12 that I use it.
    0:06:14 The best part, of course, is that it helps me
    0:06:17 wake up feeling fully rested with a back
    0:06:20 that feels supple instead of stiff,
    0:06:21 and that is the name of the game for me these days.
    0:06:24 Helix offers a 100 night sleep trial,
    0:06:27 fast, free shipping, and a 15 year warranty,
    0:06:28 so check it all out.
    0:06:30 And you, my dear listeners,
    0:06:32 can get between 25 and 30% off
    0:06:35 plus two free pillows on all mattress orders.
    0:06:40 So go to helixsleep.com/tim to check it out.
    0:06:43 That’s helixsleep.com/tim.
    0:06:46 With Helix, better sleep starts now.
    0:06:51 – You know my host today as the human guinea pig,
    0:06:53 the sample size of one,
    0:06:57 and the only clinical trial on two feet.
    0:06:59 And New York Times bestselling author of
    0:07:02 the four hour work week, the four hour body,
    0:07:07 the four hour chef, and the four minute intimacy guide.
    0:07:11 This man has inspired millions to learn Mandarin Chinese
    0:07:14 in just three hours while doing handstand kegels
    0:07:16 during their optimal billing cycle.
    0:07:20 As one of the founders of the life hacking movement,
    0:07:23 he leads by example and not having checked his email
    0:07:25 since the Clinton administration,
    0:07:27 and outsourcing all of his sneezes
    0:07:30 and existential crises to Bolivia.
    0:07:34 His chart-topping podcast practically gave birth
    0:07:37 to the mannosphere and spawned an entire generation
    0:07:41 of wannabe pod bros who think dropping references
    0:07:44 to stoicism makes them philosophical sages
    0:07:47 as they read Undy’s ads from Maan’s basement
    0:07:52 while promoting pseudoscientific creatine enema regiments.
    0:07:57 If it’s cool today, my host blogged about it in the 90s,
    0:08:00 wrote a 13 point checklist for optimizing it,
    0:08:03 and has the lab results to prove it.
    0:08:07 When he’s not interviewing world-class performers
    0:08:11 with pauses so pregnant they wear elastic waistbands,
    0:08:13 you can find him meticulously organizing
    0:08:16 his pharmaceutical grade kitchen fridge
    0:08:19 full of blood, urine, and stool samples.
    0:08:23 And his bathroom cabinet looks like a GMC nutrition store
    0:08:26 fucked a Japanese vending machine.
    0:08:29 He is only 14 months away from having supplemented
    0:08:32 every possible molecular combination
    0:08:35 from the known periodic table.
    0:08:37 He has hotboxed with Himalayan monks,
    0:08:40 ice bath with Arctic shamans,
    0:08:42 and achieved ego death with cultures
    0:08:45 that anthropologists haven’t even discovered yet.
    0:08:47 On four separate continents,
    0:08:50 there are sacred psychedelic ceremonies
    0:08:52 that tribes have named after him.
    0:08:55 And twice his meditations have opened portals
    0:08:57 to another dimension.
    0:09:01 He’s given lectures on Seneca in 27 languages,
    0:09:06 can ask for warm body oil and CBD cream in 31,
    0:09:11 and say, “Whoa brother, we just tripped balls in 38.”
    0:09:15 I challenge any of you to identify a medieval weapon
    0:09:18 with which he hasn’t competed at the international level.
    0:09:22 This is a man who enchants the world’s most powerful
    0:09:23 and influential people
    0:09:26 with the insatiable curiosity of a four year old.
    0:09:29 The energy level of a seven year old
    0:09:31 who just ate three boxes of M&Ms,
    0:09:34 and when texting memes to his friends,
    0:09:38 the emotional maturity of a 10 year old.
    0:09:40 He’s already prepared interview questions
    0:09:43 for future podcasts who have yet to be born.
    0:09:49 Carbs fear him to do lists quick in his presence.
    0:09:53 His morning routine starts before he goes to sleep.
    0:09:55 And his gratitude lists kick off
    0:09:59 by individually thanking each of his gut bacteria.
    0:10:02 His circadian rhythm is so optimized
    0:10:05 that he experiences next week’s REM sleep
    0:10:08 during yesterday’s power nap.
    0:10:11 He’s had romantic relationships with kettlebells,
    0:10:13 but we are told he is holding out
    0:10:15 for a human lady longterm.
    0:10:20 The world’s most eligible bachelor who just last week
    0:10:21 stopped requiring potential dates
    0:10:25 to submit three years of sleep tracking data.
    0:10:28 The man, the myth, the legend,
    0:10:31 the guy who would absolutely win gold
    0:10:34 if self-experimentation and self-pleasure
    0:10:36 were an Olympic sport.
    0:10:40 It’s the one and thank God for all of us, the only.
    0:10:41 Tim Ferriss, everyone.
    0:10:43 Tim Ferriss, Tim Ferriss, everyone.
    0:10:45 (upbeat music)
    0:10:47 – At this altitude, I can run flat out for a half mile
    0:10:49 before my hands start shaking.
    0:10:51 – Can I answer your personal question?
    0:10:53 – No, I would’ve seen it in a perfect time.
    0:10:55 – What if I did the altitude?
    0:10:57 – I’m a cybernetic organism,
    0:10:59 living this year over a metal endosclerosis.
    0:11:02 ♪ Me, Tim Ferriss, show ♪
    0:11:11 – Now, for people who have not heard the first episode,
    0:11:13 but maybe they see the headline,
    0:11:17 which is Chris Saka on Being Different and Making Billions,
    0:11:20 would you like to just give a quick snippet
    0:11:21 of where you grew up?
    0:11:23 I believe it was somewhere in Connecticut
    0:11:27 as the scion of a wealthy family, am I getting that wrong?
    0:11:29 – Yeah, I grew up in Lockport, New York,
    0:11:32 a little town on the Erie Canal just north of Buffalo,
    0:11:36 a town that is as middle class, working class as it gets.
    0:11:39 We had a town employer, it was the GM plant,
    0:11:43 where they made radiators and air conditioners for GM cars.
    0:11:45 Most of my buddies’ dads worked at the plant,
    0:11:48 and I feel really lucky to have grown up
    0:11:51 in that kind of place, a safe place, a fun place.
    0:11:53 I wasn’t exposed to any extreme wealth,
    0:11:55 and I also wasn’t exposed to any extreme poverty.
    0:11:57 But at the same time,
    0:12:01 I also feel lucky to have seen the Canary in the coal mine.
    0:12:06 And what happens when the company town factory shuts down
    0:12:11 and the jobs ship off to Mexico,
    0:12:14 and the pensions bankrupted?
    0:12:16 My buddies’ dads who were retired
    0:12:18 were suddenly had to work as greeters at Walmart.
    0:12:22 And before long, we had the largest trailer park
    0:12:24 in the Northeast, and our town drugs
    0:12:27 that ultimately became fentanyl in modern times
    0:12:28 really set in.
    0:12:30 And there was just a lot of angst and depression.
    0:12:35 And I watched that town go from reliably union Democrat
    0:12:37 to hardcore MAGA.
    0:12:41 But along the way, really saw the empathetic roots for it.
    0:12:42 Like, why is this happening?
    0:12:46 What happens when people lose agency over their lives,
    0:12:47 when they feel like they can’t provide for their kids
    0:12:49 the way their parents provided for them?
    0:12:51 When they lose their small businesses
    0:12:53 and those are replaced by a Walmart or Home Depot.
    0:12:55 And I feel like that’s something
    0:12:58 that I’ve really tried to stay in touch with.
    0:13:00 I know we’re not really going to talk about politics.
    0:13:02 It leaves me with the state of America today
    0:13:03 never being a surprise.
    0:13:06 I mean, I was just back in Buffalo this weekend, Go Bills.
    0:13:09 And nothing about what’s happening in America is surprising.
    0:13:11 I don’t love it, but it doesn’t shock me.
    0:13:14 And so I feel really grateful to have grown up there.
    0:13:17 Now, what it means is by the time I got into this business,
    0:13:18 I didn’t have a network.
    0:13:19 I didn’t know anybody.
    0:13:21 I didn’t even know what money really was.
    0:13:24 I had to make my own way in everything I did.
    0:13:27 And I had these incredibly bright and supportive parents
    0:13:30 who went way out of their way to create opportunities for us
    0:13:32 and me and my brother.
    0:13:34 But at the same time, I was an outsider
    0:13:37 to the kind of stuff we do now for sure.
    0:13:38 And I still feel like that.
    0:13:41 I lived in the Valley for a while in Silicon Valley.
    0:13:43 But as you know, Tim, ’cause you visited me in various places,
    0:13:46 I’ve spent more of my time outside.
    0:13:47 I live in the Rockies now.
    0:13:51 I live in Montana before that Wyoming, before that truckie.
    0:13:53 I really try to stay in places
    0:13:56 where real people live and work.
    0:13:59 And our kids go to public school.
    0:14:01 I would never claim to be fully in touch
    0:14:03 ’cause my life is ridiculously special.
    0:14:05 But at the same time,
    0:14:06 I feel really lucky the way I grew up,
    0:14:09 going to public schools and being one among many.
    0:14:13 And I worry that the kind of people Tim, you and I know
    0:14:15 and the kind of people we work with
    0:14:17 aren’t those people anymore.
    0:14:19 And have really lost touch.
    0:14:20 And you can see it in the decisions
    0:14:22 they make and the stuff they say.
    0:14:24 Did we start this out lighthearted enough?
    0:14:26 Are we on to a, like, did we?
    0:14:28 – Yeah, I was gonna do some knock-knock jokes,
    0:14:30 but I’m not sure that’s an appropriate segue.
    0:14:33 – I mean, there’s other stuff we said in the old episode.
    0:14:35 Like, look, I was really good at school.
    0:14:38 I went to university for math starting in seventh grade.
    0:14:40 I think one thing that I’ve talked about before,
    0:14:44 but I will bring up because I see it missing these days is
    0:14:45 I always had a hustle.
    0:14:48 I always had a little bit of a side business.
    0:14:49 I mean, from the time I was six years old,
    0:14:52 I was going around the neighborhood selling walnuts
    0:14:54 that I poke holes in and call air fresheners or rocks
    0:14:55 that I had found in a parking lot.
    0:14:57 I was literally going door to door.
    0:15:00 – What was your JT Marlin and Associates?
    0:15:01 – 100%.
    0:15:06 I mean, I started trading commodities when I was 13 or 14.
    0:15:10 I had a pager that had a 45 second delay
    0:15:12 to the Chicago Board of Trade.
    0:15:15 We talked about latency and I was trading live hogs.
    0:15:17 You know, I just always had a business,
    0:15:21 mowing lawns, washing cars, detailing, a paper route.
    0:15:23 – I’m not sure we talked about the live hogs.
    0:15:24 – Oh yeah.
    0:15:26 Somehow we skipped that.
    0:15:27 – How did you even get into commodities?
    0:15:30 – I’ll tell you, my dad’s best friend ran
    0:15:32 basically a construction and equipment rental business
    0:15:36 that I have talked to you about where it was a gritty ass job.
    0:15:38 You know, my mom and dad believed in this sweet and sour.
    0:15:40 Yeah, exactly.
    0:15:42 So it was just grind it out,
    0:15:44 work your ass off in a real job job.
    0:15:48 And my boss there, who was my dad’s best friend,
    0:15:49 you know, he was under strict construction
    0:15:51 for my dad to just kick our asses
    0:15:53 and make us appreciate everything we had
    0:15:56 and hopefully go on to work our asses off in school
    0:15:59 and maybe, you know, not have to do a job like that some day.
    0:16:02 A lot of my coworkers were on parole
    0:16:04 and it was a tough dead end situation.
    0:16:08 But that guy had a commodities account
    0:16:11 on a computer up in the attic of the building I worked in.
    0:16:12 And he said, “Come here.
    0:16:14 You probably know what the hell is going on with this stuff.”
    0:16:16 I didn’t, but he showed it to me.
    0:16:18 I went to the library.
    0:16:20 I started learning about stochastics,
    0:16:22 about charts and technical analysis.
    0:16:24 And then I was reading about seasonality of, you know,
    0:16:26 literally frozen orange juice concentrate
    0:16:31 like trading places and cocoa and coffee and oil.
    0:16:34 And I identified what I thought was
    0:16:37 a pattern anomaly in live hogs.
    0:16:38 And he had this deal with me.
    0:16:43 He said, “Look, I’ve got like $3,000 in this account.
    0:16:45 You make a trade, take a week.
    0:16:46 I want you to think about it.
    0:16:48 You make a trade.
    0:16:50 If you make money, we’ll split the upside.
    0:16:53 If you lose money, I’ll cover it.”
    0:16:55 By the way, that’s called venture capital.
    0:16:56 – That’s okay.
    0:16:57 (laughing)
    0:17:00 – So I went all in.
    0:17:00 I read everything.
    0:17:01 I studied everything.
    0:17:03 I looked at these charts and imagine charts
    0:17:06 on like a low res green monitor, right?
    0:17:08 – Yeah, like word and style.
    0:17:09 – Yeah.
    0:17:11 And I had this pager and I’m like trying to go to school
    0:17:13 and also monitor my quotes on my,
    0:17:16 I think it was called a Quotron pager.
    0:17:18 And eventually I placed this trade
    0:17:21 and two weeks later I cashed out
    0:17:25 and I netted $171 for myself.
    0:17:26 – Nice.
    0:17:29 – And I just remember thinking downstairs,
    0:17:31 I’m making for 25 an hour.
    0:17:35 Upstairs, I just made $171 by pushing a button
    0:17:37 and using my brain.
    0:17:40 I was like, “I want to be the guy who works upstairs.”
    0:17:42 And I can’t tell you how seminal
    0:17:45 that experience was for me and the rest of my life.
    0:17:48 Like there’s only so far you can lever a man hour.
    0:17:50 Bob Haas was that guy’s name.
    0:17:52 I feel incredibly indebted to him
    0:17:54 for that kind of exposure.
    0:17:55 And the rich dad, poor dad world.
    0:17:57 My mom and dad weren’t, they didn’t own stocks.
    0:17:59 They weren’t really investors like that.
    0:18:01 They had a rental property once,
    0:18:03 but Bob Haas was kind of like my rich dad,
    0:18:06 a guy who got me exposed to capital markets.
    0:18:08 – Amazing, life hugs.
    0:18:09 – Yeah, I mean, but I also had hustles.
    0:18:13 Like I, in high school, I ran a card room, you know?
    0:18:14 I started one in junior high,
    0:18:15 but by the time I was in high school,
    0:18:17 I ran a full-on card room.
    0:18:19 I paid off a teacher, rest in peace, Mr. Maine.
    0:18:20 He was on the rake.
    0:18:23 And so we were always hustling.
    0:18:26 I was selling blow pops with my buddy Hawkeye.
    0:18:28 We ran a little sports book.
    0:18:30 – Hawkeye, did he give himself that nickname?
    0:18:32 – No, no, no, that was given to him at his birth.
    0:18:35 Actually, I was just at the bill’s game,
    0:18:38 all my high school buddies, and I turn around,
    0:18:39 I’m talking to some other people, I had some family,
    0:18:42 and I turn around and I see my daughters,
    0:18:44 who are 13, 11, and nine,
    0:18:46 playing beer pong with my high school buddies.
    0:18:50 We’d been deep in the tailgate with Pinto Ron.
    0:18:52 If anyone follows the bills, the girls were eating,
    0:18:54 baking off of Pinto Ron’s car
    0:18:56 and making pizza with Pizza Pete,
    0:18:58 who cooks pizza in the file cabinet, literally.
    0:18:59 Go Google that.
    0:19:02 Pinto Ron and Pizza Pete are absolute legends.
    0:19:04 It only happens in Buffalo.
    0:19:05 But then the girls are actually playing beer pong
    0:19:08 with my high school degenerate buddies.
    0:19:09 And they’re like, is this okay?
    0:19:11 And I was like, it’s better than okay.
    0:19:13 Now they weren’t slamming beers, they were slamming sodas,
    0:19:15 but I was just like, I feel like these skills
    0:19:17 aren’t taught to children anymore.
    0:19:19 And it was funny, our 13-year-old,
    0:19:20 when they were like, hey, Cece, come jump in the game.
    0:19:23 She’s like, all right, but I haven’t played this in a while.
    0:19:26 And my buddies all piss themselves, like, in a while?
    0:19:28 You’re 13, this is amazing.
    0:19:32 And our kids were talking shit, placing side bets,
    0:19:33 a little bit of gambling.
    0:19:35 I feel like we’ve got a generation of kids
    0:19:37 who’s lost that edge completely.
    0:19:40 And so again, I feel very lucky to have grown up in a place
    0:19:45 where I had opportunities to commit small misdemeanors.
    0:19:47 And I had more than one detention.
    0:19:49 I definitely appeared before the principals
    0:19:53 on many occasions, just some light mischief.
    0:19:54 – We’re gonna come back to that.
    0:19:56 So is there anything though from our last conversation
    0:20:00 that you would revise or that you think was missing
    0:20:03 given your last 10 years of life?
    0:20:05 – Then anything jumped out at you?
    0:20:06 – I don’t think so.
    0:20:08 Nothing jumped out tremendously.
    0:20:13 I mean, I think that the kernel of who you and I are
    0:20:17 has remained remarkably intact, hopefully for better.
    0:20:18 – Yeah.
    0:20:22 – And I, at the same time,
    0:20:24 recognize that you’ve had a lot of life changes.
    0:20:26 You’ve had a lot of professional changes.
    0:20:28 So there are probably maybe not some revisions,
    0:20:30 but addendums at the very least.
    0:20:33 And you sent me to your own description,
    0:20:36 the world’s longest text message about what we might
    0:20:38 chat about, which was very helpful.
    0:20:42 And my response was, in addition to all of this,
    0:20:43 because there were great topics,
    0:20:45 we’re gonna touch on a bunch of them,
    0:20:49 the lessons that Chris Saka has learned, right?
    0:20:50 Since last time.
    0:20:54 And I was leading with the, I suppose, precautionary note
    0:20:56 of avoiding a lot of politics.
    0:20:58 But what comes up for you?
    0:21:00 It’s just as a human, as a man, as a parent,
    0:21:03 as a husband, anything.
    0:21:06 – I’ll tell you what was interesting about
    0:21:10 re-listening to that, was I actually felt a lot of pressure
    0:21:14 because I was like, shit, I don’t have a lot of new material.
    0:21:17 We used to just roll tape, right?
    0:21:19 Like you would just hit record.
    0:21:21 The sound quality on that is abysmal.
    0:21:23 There’s seagulls going in the background.
    0:21:25 There’s people partying down below.
    0:21:27 You and I are maxing out mics in the red zone.
    0:21:29 Like you couldn’t hear shit.
    0:21:30 But back then, there wasn’t like an industry
    0:21:32 of professional podcast guests.
    0:21:33 – Right.
    0:21:35 – You know, those conversations weren’t optimized
    0:21:38 for like, what is gonna be the pithy takeaway quote?
    0:21:40 What’s gonna be the title card of this one?
    0:21:43 – Right, the Oprah moment where I get you to cry
    0:21:44 and then make a thumbnail out of you
    0:21:46 with a red arrow pointing at your face.
    0:21:47 – Yeah, I’m good at that shit.
    0:21:48 If we have a few minutes,
    0:21:50 I am actually authentic and vulnerable.
    0:21:51 But you know what I don’t have?
    0:21:54 Like, no one’s written the Naval almanac of shit
    0:21:56 that Crisaka says, right?
    0:21:59 And so that guy’s intimidating.
    0:22:01 Like he’s brilliant and he reduces everything
    0:22:04 to 80 characters and you’re like, fuck, that’s true.
    0:22:06 I don’t know if that guy just sits up in a cave
    0:22:07 on a mountainside and you got to hike up
    0:22:09 to see Naval these days.
    0:22:11 So I listened to these episodes where I’m like,
    0:22:13 okay, this is a real conversation
    0:22:15 where I am happy to bear my soul.
    0:22:19 I am accountable to an audience of me, my wife,
    0:22:20 and my kids and that’s it.
    0:22:23 So I will just say what I really wanna say.
    0:22:27 You asked me last time, what changed between 30 and 40?
    0:22:31 And I talked a lot about reorienting myself around,
    0:22:33 ’cause you also asked who is someone I looked up to
    0:22:34 and a mentor, et cetera.
    0:22:40 And I would say right now I have few if zero of them
    0:22:43 because I started to realize
    0:22:45 and I started to touch upon this last time
    0:22:46 and it’s only become truer.
    0:22:48 Anytime I put somebody on a pedestal,
    0:22:54 I realized it holds them to a universal purity test
    0:22:55 across everything.
    0:22:57 I gave the example of Bill Gates in the last one.
    0:23:00 I was like, I just had dinner with him in Melinda.
    0:23:02 And so, yeah, exactly.
    0:23:06 – Just changed my name on Riverside
    0:23:08 to Chris’s Idol and Mentor.
    0:23:12 – Well, I’d already put mine as Tim’s Idol.
    0:23:15 And so I left out the Mentor part.
    0:23:19 But obviously Bill Gates is amazing in so many regards
    0:23:22 and he’s also a fucking disaster in so many regards.
    0:23:26 And so if I were to say like he’s an idol and a mentor,
    0:23:29 it implies this like, I’ve taken all of it.
    0:23:31 And I think if there’s anything that’s a scourge
    0:23:33 in today’s society, it’s these purity tests.
    0:23:36 It’s this like, you have to be perfect in all regards
    0:23:38 or we toss you out.
    0:23:39 And I am gonna be political for a second.
    0:23:42 That is one of the major flaws of the Democratic Party,
    0:23:44 is you either sign up to everything they believe in
    0:23:46 or fuck you, you’re out.
    0:23:48 And the Republican Party has been like,
    0:23:49 hey, choose from this menu.
    0:23:51 Anything here, bro, high five, let’s go.
    0:23:54 And I think that’s one of the things is that
    0:23:58 people to the left have just made us each other feel bad
    0:24:02 and have held each other these impossible fucking standards
    0:24:04 that don’t allow for growth,
    0:24:06 that don’t allow for imperfections,
    0:24:07 that don’t even allow for just the wobby-sobby
    0:24:09 of a human experience.
    0:24:12 And so I’ve really tried to demystify
    0:24:14 putting people on a pedestal
    0:24:17 and instead looking to people
    0:24:20 for examples of one aspect of a life.
    0:24:22 I mean, I will say like,
    0:24:24 I really look up to Rich and Sarah Barton.
    0:24:28 So Rich founded Expedia, Zillow, Crystal and I
    0:24:31 look up to them as a family, as parents,
    0:24:33 as business people and entrepreneurs.
    0:24:35 And they’re ahead of us on the kid games
    0:24:36 so their kids are in college
    0:24:38 and our kids are in middle school.
    0:24:41 And so I would say I kind of do look at them
    0:24:42 as the total package a bit.
    0:24:44 – What about them?
    0:24:47 I’ve spent some time with Rich, amazing human being.
    0:24:51 What about them specifically jumps out to you?
    0:24:53 Like what is it that you’d like to emulate
    0:24:54 or that you think is rare
    0:24:56 or that you’d like to model anything?
    0:24:58 – I think the biggest danger of raising kids
    0:25:01 with privileges is that they turn out to be assholes.
    0:25:01 – Yeah.
    0:25:04 – You press the fucking red, you know, mute button
    0:25:07 like the end of the Oscar speech anytime I say it.
    0:25:09 But Donald Trump is an example of what happens
    0:25:13 when someone is raised without anyone ever saying no to them.
    0:25:15 Okay, like no matter how you vote, we can agree.
    0:25:17 No one has ever said fucking no to that guy
    0:25:19 and that’s what you get.
    0:25:23 But the richer you get, the temptation is to raise your kids
    0:25:25 in a way that they’re surrounded by people who are like aye aye.
    0:25:29 You know, and increasingly Elon Musk is what you get
    0:25:30 when no one says no to you.
    0:25:33 And you’ve been exposed to lots of people
    0:25:35 who’ve been very successful.
    0:25:38 And once they see that you’re on that ride,
    0:25:40 it’s very easy to be surrounded only by sycophants
    0:25:43 who are there to say yes to every idea
    0:25:45 out of self and opportunistic interest.
    0:25:49 And so I think that happens when you’re raising kids
    0:25:52 who are lucky enough to not stay in Motel Sixes
    0:25:57 or ride in the seating group E on Southwest.
    0:26:02 And so I love the kids that Rich and Sarah have raised.
    0:26:06 How collegial, how balanced, how hardworking,
    0:26:08 while also unapologetically bright they are,
    0:26:10 how different they are from each other,
    0:26:12 but how driven they still are.
    0:26:14 I love Rich and Sarah as a couple.
    0:26:16 I think they balance working their faces off
    0:26:18 with also having a good time.
    0:26:22 And so, you know, I’ve had deeply introspective,
    0:26:25 reflective conversations about work with them.
    0:26:27 I mean, frankly, they were the ones who convinced me
    0:26:30 and Crystal to get back to work and start lower carbon
    0:26:33 when we were very pleasantly enjoying not working full time.
    0:26:35 And there are some days when we curse Rich and Sarah
    0:26:36 as a result.
    0:26:37 – How did they convince you to do that?
    0:26:40 What was the logic behind it?
    0:26:45 Or what did they see that led them to stage an intervention?
    0:26:48 – They just said, you are uniquely positioned to do it
    0:26:50 and you need to do it for the planet.
    0:26:53 And we were like begrudgingly, yes.
    0:26:54 I’m telling you, there are definitely days
    0:26:56 where Rich and Sarah Barton are a bad word in our house
    0:26:59 because I’m like, fuck, fuck Rich.
    0:27:01 Like he is probably fucking skiing right now
    0:27:03 and I’m dealing with some horseshit.
    0:27:05 Or I’ve been staring at Montana out the window
    0:27:08 and have not started from this fucking computer today.
    0:27:12 The Bartons actually wrote out their family creed,
    0:27:14 I guess I would say.
    0:27:17 I’m not gonna give any insight into what’s in there,
    0:27:21 but they wrote out like, what does it mean to be a Barton?
    0:27:26 And like that exercise alone is so powerful.
    0:27:30 And as Crystal and I started writing that for ourselves,
    0:27:32 wow, nobody ever really takes that time to like,
    0:27:34 what do we stand for?
    0:27:35 If we were gone tomorrow,
    0:27:37 what would we want our kids to take away
    0:27:40 from who we were, how we got here?
    0:27:42 You know, there’s this amazing data on how
    0:27:45 the children of people who are Rich,
    0:27:48 but when those parents grew up middle class or poor,
    0:27:50 those kids end up all right.
    0:27:52 But their children are fucked.
    0:27:56 No, I mean, there’s like actual sociological data on this.
    0:28:00 Like, because we can teach our kids about spending,
    0:28:02 about saving and thrift and hard work, et cetera,
    0:28:04 but they don’t have the empirical basis for it.
    0:28:06 It’s a learned lesson.
    0:28:07 – Yep.
    0:28:09 – So they have no real deep root in their DNA
    0:28:11 for passing it along.
    0:28:13 So we’ve tried to codify it a little bit.
    0:28:14 – What does that look like?
    0:28:16 How long is it?
    0:28:18 – Like 18 pages.
    0:28:19 – 18 pages?
    0:28:21 What kind of stuff did you try to cover?
    0:28:22 – Ultimately, the kids will be in there.
    0:28:24 The kids will be part of the conversation.
    0:28:29 Crystal spent six years writing biographies
    0:28:33 of my grandmother before she passed at age 94,
    0:28:35 and then her parents.
    0:28:36 Her parents are two of the most fascinating people
    0:28:38 who’ve ever walked the planet.
    0:28:41 I mean, I think it’s, we’ll just say that they spent
    0:28:43 over 40 years each in the service of the government
    0:28:46 and various roles known and unknown, et cetera, et cetera,
    0:28:47 et cetera.
    0:28:49 And the biographies were great.
    0:28:51 They cannot be published because they would have to go
    0:28:54 through certain agencies for stuff to be cleared.
    0:28:57 But incredible public servants,
    0:28:59 two of the most honorable people I’ve ever known
    0:29:01 I met them when I was 18 years old.
    0:29:03 You know, Crystal and I were besties starting at age 18.
    0:29:06 I asked her out and she friend-zoned me for 14 years.
    0:29:07 But my grandmother’s biography was interesting.
    0:29:10 My grandmother from the Midwest lived most of her life
    0:29:15 in Omaha, Nebraska and had this real quotidian wonder
    0:29:19 and beauty and treasure to her life.
    0:29:22 The mom of seven, a volunteer, she worked in prison.
    0:29:25 She was the leader of a national organization
    0:29:27 of Catholics, school teacher.
    0:29:29 But here’s this woman who’s a leader
    0:29:30 of a national organization of Catholics.
    0:29:32 And one of the things she put in her biography
    0:29:36 that Crystal did was I think it’s really important
    0:29:39 that men and women live together before they get married
    0:29:42 because I think divorce is a much bigger problem
    0:29:44 than premarital sex.
    0:29:47 I think she was 92 when she said that.
    0:29:50 As a leader of a Catholic organization,
    0:29:53 I really just think she did an incredible service.
    0:29:55 I loved hearing her prioritization like,
    0:29:57 hey, here’s what the creed says.
    0:29:59 Here’s what the doctrine says, et cetera.
    0:30:00 But here’s the reality.
    0:30:02 I would rather see a family to make sure
    0:30:05 that parents are compatible and a family stay together
    0:30:09 for their lifetimes than deal with the breakups, et cetera.
    0:30:10 Like it was really incredible.
    0:30:12 So we cover everything in there.
    0:30:13 How we would like to communicate.
    0:30:17 How Crystal and I think about making up after a fight.
    0:30:18 How we think about making decisions.
    0:30:20 We put stuff in there that’s almost therapeutic.
    0:30:23 Like, hey, when we first made a lot of money,
    0:30:26 we bought a bunch of houses for everyone in our family.
    0:30:28 We thought that was an incredible way to thank them
    0:30:30 and paid off mortgages and stuff
    0:30:34 and moved parents out from the East Coast to California.
    0:30:37 And then we soon realized, shit, we’re property managers.
    0:30:40 The shit we own owns us.
    0:30:42 Like, that’s all we fucking do.
    0:30:43 – I don’t know if we talked
    0:30:45 about this last conversation, probably not,
    0:30:48 but you texted me at some point and you were like,
    0:30:50 if a raccoon dies in the HVAC,
    0:30:51 is Eric Schmidt getting these texts?
    0:30:52 Like, what the fuck?
    0:30:53 – Right.
    0:30:59 Dude, Eric Schmidt’s team reached out yesterday
    0:31:01 to update like his email address.
    0:31:04 And I wrote back to them, hey, team,
    0:31:06 do you think we could do a check-in?
    0:31:08 Just, I’m just curious how the flow is working
    0:31:10 around Eric’s email, his calls, his travel.
    0:31:12 Like, I just kind of want to know.
    0:31:14 And they’re kind of like, what?
    0:31:16 And I’m like, yeah, no, I didn’t, like, Eric’s cool.
    0:31:18 Give him my best, but I kind of want to talk to you guys
    0:31:20 about like, what flows up to Eric?
    0:31:21 What doesn’t?
    0:31:23 Like, how does he handle this shit right now?
    0:31:25 I’m constantly interviewing people about that
    0:31:28 because there’s finite amount of time in this space
    0:31:30 and the shit you own does own you.
    0:31:32 You know, every single object at some point
    0:31:34 has commanded some of your attention.
    0:31:36 One of our close friends lost everything this week.
    0:31:39 Shit.
    0:31:41 It’s Kevin Rose, ’cause he’s talked about it out loud.
    0:31:44 But, you know, I said, it’s totally devastating,
    0:31:46 but if there was one person I know
    0:31:50 who will actually end up teaching us something from this,
    0:31:51 it’s Kevin.
    0:31:56 Kevin is this guy who loves stuff,
    0:31:58 but is also untethered to it.
    0:32:00 It’s this weird duality he has,
    0:32:02 where he is then as fuck,
    0:32:05 while also loving a good pair of sneakers.
    0:32:08 And a great, like, dude, check out this fucking watch.
    0:32:11 His watch is melted into a puddle.
    0:32:13 And he’s like, whoops.
    0:32:15 And Kevin was like, you know what I miss?
    0:32:17 I miss the drawings from my kids
    0:32:19 and I miss the box my dad made me.
    0:32:23 And I’m really hoping I can learn from him, you know?
    0:32:27 It’s cataclysmic and I’m not trying to diminish it at all.
    0:32:28 And, like, folks in Palisades,
    0:32:31 most of them can take care of the next steps.
    0:32:33 Folks in Alta Dina, I’m way more worried about.
    0:32:38 But I have realized, like, shit gets complicated really fast.
    0:32:39 You think you want all this shit.
    0:32:41 And so I spend most of my time
    0:32:44 trying to get rid of it or downsize it.
    0:32:47 Speaking of, Tim, I could have bought an ad slot,
    0:32:49 but there is an incredible ranch for sale
    0:32:51 in Jackson, Wyoming right now in Wilson.
    0:32:55 Two contiguous lots, a main house on some lakes,
    0:32:56 a ranch house, you’ll find it.
    0:32:59 It’s just south of Wilson off of Fall Creek Road.
    0:33:02 Hey, hey, take a look, everybody.
    0:33:06 You got your crypto gains with a Z that you need to shelter.
    0:33:09 You know, there’s no state tax, no state tax in Wyoming.
    0:33:11 The skiing’s great, abundant wildlife.
    0:33:13 I’m just saying, I’m just saying.
    0:33:16 – People think that Chris is joking about an ad slot,
    0:33:19 but you actually did text me to ask me
    0:33:21 how much it would cost.
    0:33:24 – I didn’t realize you were going to invite me on the pod
    0:33:26 later, but I was very close to buying an ad.
    0:33:29 I’m like, okay, who is actually doing well in this market
    0:33:31 and it has some gains to shelter.
    0:33:32 It’s the crypto investors, bro.
    0:33:34 That shit is up.
    0:33:37 And so you want to take a little money off the table.
    0:33:39 I’m just saying those California taxes.
    0:33:44 – Dude, so coming back to Kevin for a sec.
    0:33:49 I mean, he is remarkable in so many respects.
    0:33:50 They’ve known him forever.
    0:33:53 And one is, I do think Kevin does a great job
    0:33:55 of working hard, playing hard,
    0:33:58 but that’s not really a dignified enough way to put it.
    0:34:02 Like he savers life, he enjoys the stuff,
    0:34:05 but he’s very unattached to it.
    0:34:09 And I can’t say that for a lot of people
    0:34:11 sort of in our circles.
    0:34:14 I’m not sure I could say that for the vast majority.
    0:34:16 Like they do get attached.
    0:34:19 So I’m curious for you, last time we spoke,
    0:34:22 you just appeared as a cover story
    0:34:24 for the Midas issue of Forbes.
    0:34:26 And you’ve done a lot since.
    0:34:29 What has become more and less important?
    0:34:31 And I suppose a better way of asking that is,
    0:34:33 what have you simplified?
    0:34:35 What are ways that you have tried to simplify?
    0:34:37 – Do you remember that line in the jerk
    0:34:40 and Steve Martin’s the jerk where he’s walking
    0:34:43 out of the house, you know, he’s losing his money
    0:34:44 and he’s been rich and he’s like,
    0:34:49 I don’t need any of this except this ashtray.
    0:34:50 And he just starts picking up stuff
    0:34:52 until his arms are bundled as he’s walking out of his house.
    0:34:54 He’s like, I don’t need any of this at all.
    0:34:57 Like I think that’s the perfectly opposite
    0:34:58 of Kevin Rose where you’re just like,
    0:35:01 I don’t need any of these trappings of wealth
    0:35:02 except this car.
    0:35:05 And this watch is really nice.
    0:35:09 And God damn, those shoes were like limited release.
    0:35:10 Sorry, so I missed the question
    0:35:12 ’cause I was trying to think of Steve Martin.
    0:35:16 – So since we last spoke, 2015,
    0:35:18 you were sort of still, I mean,
    0:35:20 not to say you aren’t anymore,
    0:35:24 but certainly in a steep ascent at that point,
    0:35:26 doing a lot of stuff, meeting a lot of people,
    0:35:29 getting the toys.
    0:35:32 And I’m just wondering how you have thought
    0:35:35 about simplifying or have simplified.
    0:35:37 – I’ve never did the toys thing.
    0:35:39 – I mean, you like real estate.
    0:35:41 – I was just gonna say Zillow is my not safe for work
    0:35:44 situation when that certain life came out.
    0:35:46 I was like looking over my shoulder,
    0:35:48 like which writer has been watching me?
    0:35:51 I probably put more product suggestions
    0:35:52 and feedback into Zillow
    0:35:54 ’cause Rich is one of my close friends
    0:35:56 than anyone who doesn’t work there.
    0:35:58 I noticed things about that app that no one else there does.
    0:36:00 I spend way too much time.
    0:36:02 By the way, I think it’s a weird missed opportunity
    0:36:04 that Zillow doesn’t have a social network attached to it.
    0:36:07 And so I think there should be a comment section.
    0:36:09 I think you should be able to build playlists
    0:36:10 of Zillow houses.
    0:36:11 It’s a missed opportunity.
    0:36:12 I’m just throwing it out there.
    0:36:13 Just saying.
    0:36:15 Wouldn’t it be cool to have a playlist of houses
    0:36:17 like generated by the community?
    0:36:17 And so…
    0:36:18 – I don’t even know what that means.
    0:36:19 What does that mean?
    0:36:21 It’s just like real estate porn
    0:36:23 that flashes for you in front of you.
    0:36:25 – So there are blogs that do this
    0:36:26 that like keep track of the cool houses.
    0:36:29 I love, is it Zillow gone wild?
    0:36:30 That Twitter account is amazing.
    0:36:33 That finds the craziest shit happening on Zillow.
    0:36:34 But I think like it’d be cool to just be like,
    0:36:37 look 10 places I would love to live someday
    0:36:39 or 15 best places where you could shoot a scene
    0:36:42 in a 1970s adult film.
    0:36:43 (laughing)
    0:36:45 – Makes me think that you’ve thought about this.
    0:36:48 – Favorite locations from the Big Lebowski
    0:36:51 or best examples of mid-century modern architecture
    0:36:52 or something like that.
    0:36:53 And so…
    0:36:54 – Yeah, okay.
    0:36:55 I got it.
    0:36:56 – I think there’s a missed opportunity
    0:36:58 for influencers to build stuff, feature it.
    0:37:00 – Simplification.
    0:37:02 – But real estate is my soft spot.
    0:37:03 Yeah.
    0:37:06 Part of it is I’m a recluse and I think you know that.
    0:37:09 Amy Schumer once wrote an essay
    0:37:10 since the last time we spoke.
    0:37:12 It was about being an introvert
    0:37:14 who makes a living on stage.
    0:37:18 And I lit up and was like, I feel seen.
    0:37:19 You know me, Tim.
    0:37:22 My ideal social situation is Danish sized.
    0:37:26 Like four, six feels huge.
    0:37:30 I love getting four great buddies together for a weekend
    0:37:33 and interacting with no other human beings.
    0:37:36 And so I like space.
    0:37:39 So I like to live in places that are out of the mix
    0:37:42 where I can be very specific
    0:37:44 and opt into my social interactions
    0:37:46 ’cause they drain me.
    0:37:48 What happens is I don’t like being in big groups
    0:37:49 or allowing lots of people.
    0:37:51 So I get there and I overcompensate
    0:37:54 by being loud and boisterous and amazing
    0:37:55 and like larger than life.
    0:37:56 But really what I’m doing,
    0:37:59 it’s like cranking your iPhone screen up to 100%.
    0:38:01 I’m just raining my battery
    0:38:03 and I need that time to recover.
    0:38:08 So I’ve loved creating spaces for myself to be alone.
    0:38:11 And so I think that’s an absolute vice.
    0:38:13 – And then have you divested yourself
    0:38:16 of things, relationships,
    0:38:17 things you used to prize heavily
    0:38:19 that you no longer value heavily?
    0:38:21 – Tim, have you heard of Jackson Hole, Wyoming?
    0:38:25 Because there’s a ranch for sale just south of the city.
    0:38:28 That would fit that theme.
    0:38:29 There’s abundant wildlife.
    0:38:32 There’s moose and elk and you can see bears.
    0:38:33 It’s really incredible.
    0:38:36 Fishing, it’s on the Orvis’s first
    0:38:37 blue ribbon certified fishing property.
    0:38:40 I’m just saying, yes, the first thing we sold
    0:38:42 was hard to sell.
    0:38:44 People still think about us living in Truckee,
    0:38:47 but we haven’t been in Truckee since 2011.
    0:38:49 That was the first thing Crystal and I bought together
    0:38:52 and to let go of that was weird and disorienting.
    0:38:56 But since then, yeah, I’ve gotten pretty good at selling
    0:38:58 and letting go and realizing.
    0:39:01 And more importantly, not buying.
    0:39:04 – Yeah, it’s like having premarital abode
    0:39:06 before the messy divorce.
    0:39:07 – Yeah, exactly.
    0:39:09 That’s a really good way of putting it.
    0:39:13 – Just a quick thanks to one of our sponsors
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    0:40:19 – You always ask people their favorite books, et cetera.
    0:40:22 Like one is Morgan’s The Psychology of Money.
    0:40:24 – Oh, Morgan Housel, yeah, great book.
    0:40:26 – That echoes a lot of refrains,
    0:40:29 but a lot of that like the millionaire next door,
    0:40:31 that kind of stuff, like all of them are just like,
    0:40:31 look, the way you get rich
    0:40:34 is by not spending it in the first place.
    0:40:36 And so what Crystal and I have started to realize
    0:40:38 is it’s not the check you write,
    0:40:40 it’s the fucking time you spend.
    0:40:45 We were just about to build a house and we realized,
    0:40:50 oh God, do you know how many decisions that is?
    0:40:53 And it turns out, if you ask me about something,
    0:40:55 I am gonna have an opinion.
    0:40:56 – Shocker.
    0:40:59 – If you just make it, if you just make it,
    0:41:00 I wouldn’t have noticed,
    0:41:03 but like when we renovated a house in LA,
    0:41:04 they’re like, hey, how do you want this wood
    0:41:06 to meet that wood to meet that wood?
    0:41:08 You assholes, I never would have seen it,
    0:41:11 but now that I’ve seen it, I’m gonna sketch it for you.
    0:41:13 And so we’re gonna, there’s gonna be an eighth inch
    0:41:15 of tolerance, we’re gonna have a hold back.
    0:41:17 And there’s, it’s gonna, and like,
    0:41:18 now I’m tortured by those details.
    0:41:20 And Crystal is even more of a detail in design
    0:41:23 and, you know, and flow person than I am.
    0:41:25 But what we start to realize is like,
    0:41:28 those projects that we buy and build,
    0:41:29 they’re jobs.
    0:41:32 And so I think that number one area
    0:41:36 where we try to lighten stuff up
    0:41:38 is let’s not take that project on in the first place.
    0:41:40 You know, we bought a piece of land,
    0:41:44 recently an incredible setting we’ve always had on the list.
    0:41:48 We finally found the place, we started sketch it out,
    0:41:49 we were working with the right architects.
    0:41:53 Our nephew, Mike is an architect at the Arca Angles Group,
    0:41:55 one of the greats, and he was helping us out
    0:41:58 and really, really loved it.
    0:42:00 And then we took a step back and we’re like,
    0:42:02 this is gonna be a job for the next couple of years.
    0:42:04 Or can we just Airbnb it?
    0:42:07 And literally as part of that, I wrote to our travel agent,
    0:42:11 can you show me 15 places within the same realm as this
    0:42:14 that we could rent and just show up with our bags,
    0:42:17 have a great week and then fucking leave
    0:42:18 and never think about it.
    0:42:20 I was like, if you do this, you’re about to save me
    0:42:23 two years of my life and many, many dollars.
    0:42:25 And it worked, I was like thrilled.
    0:42:26 – So many questions.
    0:42:29 So let’s just say, no super fancy cars that I’m aware of,
    0:42:33 you might have some UTVs, but you have plenty of beavers
    0:42:35 to keep you company last time I checked,
    0:42:37 although that might be a past hobby.
    0:42:40 And then the real estate question for you,
    0:42:43 so if all of that vanished, right, it burned down
    0:42:45 or otherwise was just removed,
    0:42:47 how much of that would you repurchase?
    0:42:52 – Can I just say our now nine year old when she was eight,
    0:42:56 she’s our hippie kid who’s like always on mushrooms.
    0:42:57 – Not literally, but-
    0:42:58 – No, not literally, sorry.
    0:43:00 We don’t feed our kids mushrooms yet,
    0:43:03 but no, she’s just our kid who we just end up writing down
    0:43:05 so many of the things that come out of her mouth.
    0:43:07 She’s just untethered by reality.
    0:43:10 She’s the one who, when we moved to Jackson,
    0:43:12 we signed up for this Teton Science School.
    0:43:15 It was like a expeditionary learning academy
    0:43:17 and we toured the school.
    0:43:19 And then after a couple of weeks there,
    0:43:21 we checked on the other girls,
    0:43:22 they were doing like traditional school
    0:43:24 and tiny classes with some outdoor learning.
    0:43:27 But we went to center skies preschool,
    0:43:29 kindergarten situation, and we were like,
    0:43:32 hey, to the teacher, when you guys start doing like,
    0:43:34 I don’t know, the math or the writing,
    0:43:36 and she’s like, oh, there’ll be no math here.
    0:43:37 We’re like, what?
    0:43:39 And she’s like, this is a forest preschool
    0:43:41 other than when the kids come in and write their names,
    0:43:43 that’s it, the rest is just play-based.
    0:43:45 And we’re like, wait, what?
    0:43:46 And so we ended up watching some videos
    0:43:48 on these Swedish forest schools and we’re like,
    0:43:50 I mean, what do we got to lose, right?
    0:43:55 It turns out that kid is so exceptionally resilient
    0:43:58 and capable of being bored.
    0:43:59 None of the three kids get bored,
    0:44:02 but I go for a hike every day and she’ll say,
    0:44:05 when she was like four, she said to me,
    0:44:06 yeah, can I come with you?
    0:44:09 And I’m like, it’s dark and it’s starting to hail.
    0:44:12 And she’s like, dad, that’s just ice falling from the sky.
    0:44:15 And I was like, all right, suit up.
    0:44:17 And we spent two hours with numb fingers,
    0:44:19 throwing shit in the river and digging in the mud
    0:44:21 and having a blast, you know,
    0:44:23 and she’s an academic superstar.
    0:44:24 Like it didn’t hold her back at all,
    0:44:26 but I really love that skill set.
    0:44:29 Anyway, it’s a long way of saying she once said
    0:44:33 to Crystal and I last year, she said, mom, dad,
    0:44:35 someday or if we’re lucky,
    0:44:37 maybe we can live in a smaller house.
    0:44:39 (laughs)
    0:44:45 I mean, we were wrecked.
    0:44:51 Like we were just, if I could answer your question,
    0:44:54 anyway, it’s that, you know?
    0:44:56 Like we live in a house now that has a lot of perks
    0:45:00 and features and maybe there we could do without them.
    0:45:03 – Sharks with lasers, downsize.
    0:45:04 – Dude, you’ve got a new project.
    0:45:05 – Yeah.
    0:45:07 – It’s about no, but what was the actual title?
    0:45:09 The working title, working title is-
    0:45:11 – Yeah, the working title is the book of no.
    0:45:12 – Okay.
    0:45:13 – And I’m excited about that.
    0:45:15 – I say no for a living.
    0:45:16 And I think one of the challenges is like,
    0:45:18 how to stay an optimistic, open-minded person
    0:45:19 when you say no all day.
    0:45:20 – Yeah, what’s your take on that?
    0:45:22 Because a popular position would be,
    0:45:25 you have to say yes to everything when you’re building
    0:45:27 and then you have to learn to say no.
    0:45:31 I don’t know if I totally subscribe to that.
    0:45:33 At least I’ve done a lot of writing on this.
    0:45:38 And I think that if you look at a lot of examples
    0:45:41 of mega successful people and there’s a survivorship bias
    0:45:44 who the fuck knows what’s actually causal in some level.
    0:45:48 But a lot of them get good at focusing early
    0:45:51 and by virtue of definition focus means saying no
    0:45:54 to a lot of things outside of that focus.
    0:45:56 What’s your take?
    0:45:58 – First of all, and investing in anything,
    0:46:02 I think one of the big traps is being too thematic,
    0:46:05 like having a thesis ahead of time.
    0:46:08 I’ve watched people write like the canonical blog post
    0:46:09 on the shared economy.
    0:46:12 Then people come pitch them shared economy deals,
    0:46:15 which makes their blog post feel writer and writer
    0:46:18 and that confirmation bias causes them to light money on fire.
    0:46:20 And then their fund goes away and they’re like,
    0:46:21 but my blog post was awesome.
    0:46:25 And so I have this big rule at lower carbon
    0:46:29 about never actually having a thesis written in stone.
    0:46:32 We are very big on electrification of the economy.
    0:46:35 Lithium, we have a way of extracting lithium
    0:46:37 that’s 10,000 times faster.
    0:46:38 – So Chris, let’s pause for a second.
    0:46:42 So we have not explained, because it didn’t exist at the time,
    0:46:45 what lower carbon capital is.
    0:46:46 – Okay, let me go back to just saying no then,
    0:46:49 ’cause it’s important, ’cause you’re writing a book about it.
    0:46:54 So my point is, is if I have too many rules about saying no,
    0:46:56 then I’m gonna say it to the wrong shit.
    0:46:58 I’m gonna turn down the wrong stuff.
    0:47:01 I’m gonna have too much predisposition.
    0:47:03 So what I have to know ahead of time,
    0:47:05 the work I have to do ahead of time
    0:47:08 is to know, as we were just talking about with the houses,
    0:47:10 what’s the actual cost?
    0:47:12 What’s the actual downside risk?
    0:47:17 So what is the actual cost to saying yes to this?
    0:47:20 So if the cost of saying yes is,
    0:47:22 I end up at a three hour dinner party that’s boring,
    0:47:24 that’s actually pretty low cost.
    0:47:27 I prefer not to blow three hours,
    0:47:29 like hanging out with some lame people.
    0:47:35 But I would prefer not to blow a night, you know?
    0:47:38 But on the other hand, that’s pretty low cost.
    0:47:42 Whereas saying yes to a meeting that I have to fly to,
    0:47:44 well, that’s a whole fucking disruption to my world.
    0:47:47 I am not gonna see my kids or my wife,
    0:47:49 and I gotta fucking pack some stuff
    0:47:52 and transport all that shit, you know?
    0:47:54 I mean, Paul Graham a long time ago
    0:47:56 used to talk about the true cost of a cup of coffee.
    0:47:58 You know, like what does it actually take
    0:47:59 to stop your day and go meet somebody
    0:48:01 and let them pick your brain and all that bullshit?
    0:48:05 So I just talked about the real cost of building something.
    0:48:07 Everyone thinks about the cost of building a house
    0:48:09 is the amount of money you put into it.
    0:48:10 That’s real.
    0:48:12 At the same time, it’s the amount of time
    0:48:16 and crazy bullshit and like shit breaks all the time
    0:48:17 that you put into it.
    0:48:19 So I think for me, it’s doing the work ahead of time
    0:48:21 to understand what are my actual priorities,
    0:48:23 what really matters to me,
    0:48:24 and what’s the true cost of those things.
    0:48:28 So when you come to me with a proposal and invitation,
    0:48:32 I can assess like, am I gonna just risk 50 grand here?
    0:48:33 And like, that’s my total downside.
    0:48:35 Okay, what’s 50 grand worth to me?
    0:48:36 What can I?
    0:48:38 Oh, God, I was almost quoting Jay-Z right there.
    0:48:40 Can you please remind me?
    0:48:42 Whereas if what you’re talking to me is like,
    0:48:44 “Hey, Chris, I wanna start a project.
    0:48:46 I want you to join my board,” et cetera.
    0:48:48 I’m like, “Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa.
    0:48:50 What’s the real cost of that?”
    0:48:51 You know, it’s easy to say yes to that,
    0:48:53 but what’s the real cost?
    0:48:55 And then I think the second part
    0:48:56 is just getting comfortable with the fact
    0:48:58 that this is gonna be uncomfortable for a minute,
    0:49:01 but I’m just gonna say, “No, bro, I appreciate you.
    0:49:03 How do I let you know that you’re my homie
    0:49:05 and I deeply appreciate and respect you
    0:49:07 and flattered by the invitation,
    0:49:08 but we’re not going down that path.”
    0:49:10 And that can be really tough.
    0:49:12 You know, I think everyone can attach themselves
    0:49:13 to the dramatic narrative of,
    0:49:15 “God, my thing would be awesome,
    0:49:17 even more awesome if Tim Tim were on it.
    0:49:18 You know, if Tim Ferriss is attached,
    0:49:20 God damn, I’m going places.”
    0:49:22 But they’re not you.
    0:49:24 They don’t know what your scorecard is.
    0:49:27 They don’t know what your actual to-do list says.
    0:49:28 We’ve said many, many times,
    0:49:29 and I wasn’t the first person to say it,
    0:49:31 but your inbox is a to-do list
    0:49:33 to which anyone else can add an action item.
    0:49:36 So you’re the only one who sees your to-do list.
    0:49:38 I love all these questions where you ask people,
    0:49:39 like, “What’s your daily routine?”
    0:49:41 And then every single time, I’m like,
    0:49:42 “That is someone who doesn’t have anyone
    0:49:44 in their house attending elementary school.”
    0:49:48 – Yeah, there’s truth to that, yeah, for sure.
    0:49:50 – Last night, we had a kid with an ear infection
    0:49:51 sleeping in our bed.
    0:49:53 Two nights ago, I had a kid puking out the side of the car
    0:49:55 as we drove home from the bill’s game
    0:49:58 ’cause I had stuffed her full of pizza and other bullshit.
    0:49:59 I love these people.
    0:50:01 Like, “This is when I peacefully do this shit.”
    0:50:04 And I’m like, “Oh, this is when I fucking wipe asses.”
    0:50:05 I love all those.
    0:50:07 I know somebody writes out their intentions
    0:50:09 and then hand stitches them together
    0:50:10 at the beginning of the day.
    0:50:12 (laughing)
    0:50:13 God bless, God bless.
    0:50:15 I’m not mocking, I’m just saying.
    0:50:17 I think the know is feeling comfortable.
    0:50:19 And by the way, as we grow up,
    0:50:23 I mean, one of the things Chris and I find with employees
    0:50:28 is I think younger managers are too slow to fire employees.
    0:50:31 Employees who cost too much.
    0:50:34 It’s never the financial cost.
    0:50:36 It’s literally like when we make a decision on somebody,
    0:50:39 it’s not like what their salary is
    0:50:40 or what their benefits cost is.
    0:50:43 It’s just, are they creating more work
    0:50:45 than they’re eating, than they’re consuming?
    0:50:48 Are they creating more administrative overhead?
    0:50:49 Somebody else once said,
    0:50:53 “If we have to talk about an employee three times in bed,
    0:50:56 it was a local entrepreneur I met here in Bozeman,
    0:50:59 a guy who’s pickleball court doubles as a gun range.”
    0:51:00 (laughing)
    0:51:03 And so just amazing, amazing dude.
    0:51:05 And he said, he and his wife were small businesses,
    0:51:07 people retired now, but they said they had a rule.
    0:51:10 If they had to talk about someone they worked with three
    0:51:12 times in bed while falling asleep at night,
    0:51:14 they were gone from that org.
    0:51:17 That was the true cost of that person.
    0:51:20 And so I think younger people are sometimes afraid
    0:51:21 to have those uncomfortable moments.
    0:51:22 It’s easier to live with the status quo
    0:51:25 than to just be like, “Sorry, it’s not happening.
    0:51:27 We gotta go,” because they’re afraid of the loss,
    0:51:31 but the real loss is all that fucking time along the way.
    0:51:33 So, all right, that’s my diatribe on nose.
    0:51:34 – Well, hold on a sec.
    0:51:36 So now the three hour dinner,
    0:51:39 I imagine you get dozens of these invitations.
    0:51:41 So you wouldn’t be able to say,
    0:51:43 I imagine yes to all of them.
    0:51:47 So how do you choose not the big things to say yes to?
    0:51:48 We could talk about that too,
    0:51:52 but the inbound that you say yes to
    0:51:54 that are along the lines of the three hour dinner.
    0:51:56 ‘Cause you still have finite time, finite dinners.
    0:51:58 And if you do a dinner with a group of 10 people,
    0:52:01 that’s also a way from your family, presumably, right?
    0:52:02 – I’ll tell you, I’m the asshole who’s like,
    0:52:05 I would infinitely rather host and control the situation.
    0:52:07 You’ve been to our events.
    0:52:08 There’s no automatic plus ones,
    0:52:11 unless the other person is independently awesome.
    0:52:12 That’s a real thing.
    0:52:14 We have deeply offended people.
    0:52:16 Even at our wedding, we’re like, “Sorry, no.
    0:52:17 Never met your wife.
    0:52:20 I bet you she’s great, but I need to know.”
    0:52:22 No, this is gonna sound ruthless as fuck.
    0:52:23 And somebody in the comments would be like,
    0:52:27 “This guy’s a fucking sociopath, but here’s the thing.
    0:52:29 I don’t wanna have to have a seating chart.
    0:52:32 I wanna know that whoever’s here can sit next to anyone else
    0:52:34 and be enthralled by how interesting that person is,
    0:52:36 no matter what they do for a living.”
    0:52:38 And so you’ve been to our events
    0:52:41 before where we gather 30 incredible people
    0:52:43 for a weekend or we host a party.
    0:52:45 And I just know whoever you are talking to
    0:52:48 is independently great in whatever field.
    0:52:51 I’ve seen many of them end up as guests on your podcast.
    0:52:54 I love when people end up on each other’s boards
    0:52:58 or do a collaborative art project together or performance
    0:53:00 because that’s what I’m vouching for.
    0:53:01 If I’m gathering people,
    0:53:04 I’m vouching for every single person there is being awesome.
    0:53:08 And so I don’t know if everyone else has that standard.
    0:53:11 And if I’m getting up in front of an audience,
    0:53:14 I wanna make sure that hopefully I’m delivering
    0:53:16 the aggregate value of all the time people
    0:53:18 just took out of their day to be there.
    0:53:20 I don’t get nervous about giving speeches,
    0:53:22 but I feel like I wanna bring my A game.
    0:53:24 So I was saying, I felt the pressure of like,
    0:53:26 “Oh my God, what if some fucking kid
    0:53:28 is home taking notes about this episode?
    0:53:29 What are they gonna actually write down?
    0:53:31 Oh my God, I need pithier quotes.”
    0:53:33 But the reality is I wanna make sure
    0:53:35 I’m delivering something of value.
    0:53:37 And I don’t know if everyone else lives by that standard.
    0:53:42 And I do like to live like I’m running out of time, you know?
    0:53:43 – We’re all running out of time.
    0:53:45 – My best friend, Teddy Ryingold, who you knew well,
    0:53:49 he died at 46, one of the all time great people.
    0:53:50 – Yeah.
    0:53:51 – I feel like I’ve gotten three years of bonus time
    0:53:53 past him, you know?
    0:53:55 And I don’t take it for granted.
    0:53:57 I mean, I get all the scans
    0:54:00 and I did treat my body like a rental car for many years,
    0:54:04 but at the same time, you asked me like,
    0:54:06 “What’s changed since I was 30 or 40?”
    0:54:09 Like I am way less patient.
    0:54:11 It’s harder to work for me as a result.
    0:54:13 – And for people who don’t know Chris well,
    0:54:17 you didn’t really start off that patient to begin with.
    0:54:20 – No, like it’s funny, like we had this thing
    0:54:23 at work recently where I wanted to promote somebody.
    0:54:26 We hired somebody junior who we could just realize
    0:54:29 very soon was like a five X employee,
    0:54:31 somewhere between five and 10 X.
    0:54:33 You know those kinds of people where you’re like wait,
    0:54:35 they’re just different.
    0:54:38 And so Chris and I are like, we should promote her.
    0:54:40 And our partner was like, okay, well her review is coming up
    0:54:42 and Chris and I are like, no, no, no, no, no,
    0:54:44 we should promote her by Friday.
    0:54:46 And we’re like, well, there’s, and I was like,
    0:54:48 do you want to tell her or are we going to tell her today?
    0:54:51 You know, and it’s just like, why would we wait?
    0:54:52 She’s fucking amazing.
    0:54:54 She knows it.
    0:54:56 It’s so weird that it would just hang in the ether
    0:54:57 and an email account somewhere in the meantime
    0:55:00 that we haven’t told her she’s that fucking great
    0:55:03 and that we give her a new title and get her fucking going.
    0:55:04 But she’s just that great.
    0:55:06 I just have no fucking time for that.
    0:55:09 Like that idea I told you about over the weekend
    0:55:11 where we were talking to our team and I was like,
    0:55:12 okay, I appreciate all your input,
    0:55:14 but we’re fucking doing it.
    0:55:16 And they’re like, okay, Q one, Q two.
    0:55:21 And I’m like, no, Q Friday, it’s just write it up.
    0:55:23 What are we talking about here?
    0:55:26 And so I’m just like, we are men of action.
    0:55:27 You know, lies do not become us,
    0:55:31 but like I’m just like, I have no fucking time for that.
    0:55:33 And so I worry, I worry it’s way too easy
    0:55:35 to let the stuff slip away.
    0:55:38 – Is that a pending tangible sense of mortality
    0:55:40 or is there something else to it?
    0:55:43 Or is it just getting old and cantankerous?
    0:55:45 – Tim, does any of the shit you built?
    0:55:47 I mean, you built it yourself, literally.
    0:55:49 I would say the same for me, right?
    0:55:52 And so no one’s ever gonna call me an entrepreneur though,
    0:55:54 but I built all this from scratch, right?
    0:55:55 With crystal.
    0:55:58 But like, if I don’t do it, it doesn’t fucking happen.
    0:56:01 If I don’t move it, it doesn’t fucking happen.
    0:56:03 I tried resting for a little bit.
    0:56:05 I was horrible at it.
    0:56:10 And so I regret being 70 hours a week employed again.
    0:56:11 This sucks.
    0:56:15 But at the same time, like I was awful at not doing much.
    0:56:17 If I don’t move it, and if I have a business idea,
    0:56:19 I gotta do it before anyone else fucking picks up on it
    0:56:21 before the fast followers come.
    0:56:22 I wanna just be out there
    0:56:24 with whatever my anomalous advantage is.
    0:56:26 I wanna go press that.
    0:56:27 You remember when I was trying to convince people
    0:56:29 that Twitter was a real business for years,
    0:56:30 and then I finally was like, all right,
    0:56:31 I’m no longer here to convince you,
    0:56:33 just sell me your fucking stock.
    0:56:37 I just wasted so much time not buying it all,
    0:56:39 and then eventually bought it all.
    0:56:42 But I don’t wanna convince people to do something.
    0:56:43 I wanna go own it all first,
    0:56:45 and then convince them to buy it from me.
    0:56:49 So we have the world’s only dedicated nuclear fusion fund.
    0:56:53 And so we had been dabbling in fusion investment for a while.
    0:56:54 People poo-pooed it.
    0:56:55 – Do you wanna take a second
    0:56:57 to explain what lower carbon capital is?
    0:56:59 And then I’m gonna come back to that kid taking notes
    0:57:00 ’cause I have a question for that kid.
    0:57:03 But do you wanna just give a quick backgrounder?
    0:57:05 – Oh, by the way, I got yelled at
    0:57:07 for calling people in their 20s kids.
    0:57:08 – What?
    0:57:10 They should be so flattered.
    0:57:12 – And my 360 review on my org,
    0:57:15 we had a kid who started harassing me in my inbox
    0:57:17 when he was like 19 from college.
    0:57:19 We hired him directly out of graduation.
    0:57:22 His name was Harsh Dooby, amazing name.
    0:57:25 Harsh Dooby is one of the hardest working,
    0:57:28 most insightful young people I’ve ever fucking worked with.
    0:57:29 He worked with us for a couple of years,
    0:57:31 and then he went and joined one of our portfolio companies.
    0:57:33 As you know, the guy is a legend.
    0:57:36 He is welcome back to lower carbon any day.
    0:57:37 We’ll explain lower carbon in a second.
    0:57:40 But I once referred to Harsh Dooby on a podcast as a kid.
    0:57:41 I was like, we had this kid, he came,
    0:57:43 he was sending me all these ideas,
    0:57:45 we hired him, God, he executes, he’s amazing.
    0:57:48 And then later, an employee, not Harsh Dooby,
    0:57:49 but another employee was like,
    0:57:52 hey, you can’t refer to people in their 20s as kids.
    0:57:54 And I’m like, God, fucking damn it.
    0:57:55 I can’t do anything, right?
    0:57:57 By the way, that was in the same six months
    0:57:59 that I was accused of promoting hustle culture.
    0:58:03 And Crystal and I are like, wait, what’s hustle culture?
    0:58:04 Like, I really felt I’d fucked up.
    0:58:07 And they’re like, you know, this whole thing about like,
    0:58:08 you know, the work never sleeps
    0:58:11 and sometimes shit blows up on a Sunday.
    0:58:12 And so you got to get your laptop out,
    0:58:14 no matter where you are.
    0:58:15 And like, you know, if you’re going to be a partner
    0:58:17 or an entrepreneur or you got to just feel like
    0:58:19 you’re an owner too and be available for them,
    0:58:21 no matter what else is going on.
    0:58:25 And we’re like, yeah, and like, yeah, and we’re like,
    0:58:27 and wait, where’s the accusation part?
    0:58:28 Oh, that was it?
    0:58:29 Oh, fuck you.
    0:58:31 Yes, that’s exactly what we do.
    0:58:33 That’s exactly, this is hustle culture.
    0:58:34 What the fuck?
    0:58:38 Like I don’t have successories posters on the wall.
    0:58:40 But just hang in there.
    0:58:44 But at the same time for fuck’s sake, you know,
    0:58:47 and we haven’t asked anyone, Crystal slept under her desk,
    0:58:48 literally slept under her desk,
    0:58:49 missed every wedding for 10 years.
    0:58:51 I haven’t asked that of anyone.
    0:58:55 I had no fucking life outside of Spadera and Google.
    0:58:56 I can see the direct correlation
    0:58:58 between the entrepreneurial risk we took
    0:59:00 and the hours we put in and what we got.
    0:59:02 I don’t think there’s a way to shortcut that.
    0:59:05 I don’t think you have to like work yourself
    0:59:08 to a state of unhealthiness anymore,
    0:59:11 but I also think you can’t fucking phone this in.
    0:59:13 And I’m sick of apologizing for it.
    0:59:14 – All right, no more apologies.
    0:59:15 You got to stop your apologizing.
    0:59:18 And we’re going to come back to the fusion fund
    0:59:21 and lower carbon, but for the kid who’s taken notes,
    0:59:23 I would be very curious to know
    0:59:25 because those who may not be familiar–
    0:59:26 – Wait, wait, wait, is this–
    0:59:27 – Hold on, hold on, hold on.
    0:59:29 – No, this is a good place to insert the commercial break
    0:59:32 for like the self-help therapy app or whatever.
    0:59:33 Like after Chris goes on a rant
    0:59:36 about how you have to work yourself to the fucking bone
    0:59:38 until you’re only teetering on the edge
    0:59:39 of a nervous breakdown. – Meditation app.
    0:59:41 Throw in a sponsorship ad for the day.
    0:59:42 – Hi, this is Tim, taking a quick break
    0:59:45 to let you know that you got to take care of your mental health.
    0:59:47 – Yes. (laughs)
    0:59:51 – All right, so the question for the kid
    0:59:53 who may be listening to you for the first time,
    0:59:55 he’s like, wow, that guy has a lot of energy
    0:59:56 and sounds very impatient.
    0:59:57 I can’t wait to work for him.
    0:59:59 But also, he’s like, well,
    1:00:01 he also did college math when he was seven
    1:00:05 and was trading live hogs when he was a fetus and fuck.
    1:00:07 Like I can’t emulate this guy.
    1:00:10 If you were to teach a seminar,
    1:00:13 could be college, high school, doesn’t really matter.
    1:00:16 Just like entrepreneurship, what could you teach?
    1:00:19 What would you teach that is not dependent
    1:00:22 on the hard wiring of a soccer specimen?
    1:00:25 – I told you what I’m working on next.
    1:00:28 And I hate that I don’t have like a URL
    1:00:29 or deliverable to announce
    1:00:32 ’cause this podcast came up really quickly.
    1:00:36 But I feel like there is a massive cultural hole.
    1:00:39 My working title has been no permanent record.
    1:00:41 So Tim, you and I are of the same generation
    1:00:44 where our teachers, our parents would be like,
    1:00:46 that’s gonna go on your permanent record.
    1:00:48 Like you fuck up, that’s gonna go on your permanent record.
    1:00:50 Tim, I was 19 years old
    1:00:52 before I realized that document didn’t exist.
    1:00:55 I swear, I thought something had followed me
    1:00:57 from George Southern Elementary School
    1:00:59 to North Park Middle School to Lockport High School
    1:01:00 to Georgetown University.
    1:01:01 – Like Santa Claus.
    1:01:03 – Yes, I felt like there was a document
    1:01:05 that had been hand delivered over there.
    1:01:06 And they’re like, oh,
    1:01:08 oh, did you really do that in gym class?
    1:01:08 Jesus.
    1:01:10 (laughs)
    1:01:13 And so, I mean, people talk all the time
    1:01:15 about how we were the last feral generation,
    1:01:17 the last kids allowed to free range.
    1:01:20 You know, Crystal and I showed the young adults
    1:01:23 who worked for us, I won’t say the kids,
    1:01:25 the young professionals who worked for us.
    1:01:29 We showed them that PSA that used to play on television
    1:01:31 that said, it’s 10 o’clock.
    1:01:33 Do you know where your children are?
    1:01:34 – Yeah.
    1:01:35 – And people were like, where would the children be?
    1:01:37 And we’re like, that was it.
    1:01:39 We were out, we were just fucking gone.
    1:01:40 Oftentimes your parents are like,
    1:01:43 get the fuck out of the house and don’t come back.
    1:01:46 And what the TV was basically telling your parents was,
    1:01:49 before you have one more gimlet and get all fucking wasted,
    1:01:52 maybe do a bed check, see if anyone made it home.
    1:01:56 Like, so we would leave the house without water.
    1:01:58 How the fuck did we survive without water, Tim?
    1:02:00 Like kids these days can’t go anywhere
    1:02:02 without a fucking water bottle.
    1:02:05 Like we would maybe find a garden hose somewhere.
    1:02:06 We had no fucking snacks.
    1:02:09 And so we would just go.
    1:02:11 Like we had no fucking Band-Aids or Neospore.
    1:02:13 And we just like would fucking rub a little dirt in it
    1:02:15 when we wiped out, no helmets.
    1:02:17 We were a disaster.
    1:02:19 At least once each of us was propositioned
    1:02:21 to get into a van for some candy.
    1:02:24 And so it was the wild fucking west, Tim.
    1:02:27 But we learned to be resilient and resourceful.
    1:02:28 And I worry about it.
    1:02:32 And along the way, Tim, we learned how to tell stories.
    1:02:34 We learned how to convince our friends
    1:02:35 ’cause there are no parents there.
    1:02:36 Hey, let’s go do my idea.
    1:02:39 No, let’s go do my idea and we’d negotiate, right?
    1:02:42 We would talk our way into situations.
    1:02:44 We would talk our way out of situations.
    1:02:46 And I recently was back at my alma mater
    1:02:48 and we were being honored.
    1:02:50 Crystal and I were back there being feted
    1:02:53 and being interviewed in front of the student body.
    1:02:57 And first thing I covered was cheers to all you fucking nerds.
    1:02:59 Your test scores and grades are so great
    1:03:01 that Crystal and I wouldn’t even get in here now.
    1:03:04 So I love that you’re applauding all our accomplishments
    1:03:05 but we wouldn’t make it right now
    1:03:07 because you’re also fucking smart.
    1:03:09 But I said, hey, how many of you here
    1:03:11 have ever gotten in trouble?
    1:03:13 How many of you here have ever had to talk your way
    1:03:15 out of a situation in the cops?
    1:03:16 One black kid raised his hand and I was like,
    1:03:19 you have every fucking systemic reason for doing that.
    1:03:21 Yes, I agree, but I was like,
    1:03:24 how many of you have ever snuck into something?
    1:03:28 How many of you have ever committed the mildest crime?
    1:03:30 Have you vandalized anything?
    1:03:32 How many of you have ever actually scammed someone
    1:03:34 or even been scammed?
    1:03:36 Have you ever been on the wrong side of a flimflam?
    1:03:39 How many of you have placed a bet on sports?
    1:03:41 How many of you have played cards?
    1:03:43 How many of you have been blackout drunk?
    1:03:45 How many of you have had a regrettable hookup?
    1:03:47 And so I just kept going down.
    1:03:50 How many of you have worked a tipping job?
    1:03:53 How many of you have had a fucking horrible boss
    1:03:57 who was incredibly aggressive with his language, right?
    1:03:58 None of them, none of them.
    1:04:01 And I was just like, I’m sorry, Dean,
    1:04:04 but this is why you’re also fucking useless to us.
    1:04:07 It’s like, you’ve done none of the things
    1:04:10 that actually inform the kind of work we do.
    1:04:12 So you know what I’m seeing right now?
    1:04:17 It’s like, we actually have a cross art portfolio
    1:04:18 and a cross art team.
    1:04:20 There are some really hard workers.
    1:04:22 I don’t think you can paint in the broadest strokes
    1:04:24 around who’s willing to work hard and who’s not.
    1:04:26 We have some really fucking hard workers.
    1:04:28 And so it’s easy to always get off my lawn
    1:04:31 in the next generation and these kids don’t wanna work.
    1:04:33 There are definitely some fucking lifestyle kids
    1:04:37 and bless them, but we have some really fucking hard workers.
    1:04:39 I’ve just started noticing things like,
    1:04:43 well, they can’t tell when somebody’s lying to them.
    1:04:46 Literally, we have a generation of young people
    1:04:49 who cannot tell when they’re being bullshitted
    1:04:51 because mom and dad were a helicopter
    1:04:53 and snow cloud parenting for them.
    1:04:55 And so now when somebody is literally staring them
    1:04:56 in the face and lying to them, I’m like,
    1:04:58 wait, you’re believing that shit?
    1:05:00 Holy shit, you’re fucking, what?
    1:05:02 Oh my God, because they’ve never been in a situation
    1:05:04 where somebody was taking advantage of them.
    1:05:06 They’ve never had to bluff their way out with some cars.
    1:05:08 – How do you fix that other than sending them
    1:05:11 to Stranger Things Reality Camp 1980s theme park?
    1:05:13 – You know what’s crazy?
    1:05:16 My way in on the H-1B visa just to get political again,
    1:05:17 which is like–
    1:05:20 – It’s gonna play elevator music as soon as you say this.
    1:05:22 – The people who know this shit,
    1:05:24 the people who know this shit are either
    1:05:27 the American kids who grew up broke as fuck
    1:05:31 or the kids from India and China who grew up hustling,
    1:05:35 scrapping, basically not only fending for themselves
    1:05:37 in school, but also helping run their mom and dad’s
    1:05:40 restaurant or store and taking care of a kid along the way
    1:05:43 and having to fend for themselves in a market.
    1:05:46 You know, I worry like most of the investors
    1:05:49 and entrepreneurs I know in their 20s right now
    1:05:52 would get eaten alive in a bazaar, just eaten alive.
    1:05:54 Like tears might happen.
    1:05:58 You know, whereas Crystal, my wife who grew up in India,
    1:05:59 it’s a fucking sport for her.
    1:06:00 It’s almost uncomfortable.
    1:06:03 I’m like, we once had a big fight in Morocco
    1:06:05 ’cause I’m like, you are arguing with this man
    1:06:07 over seven cents right now and she’s like, yeah,
    1:06:09 but if I don’t, he’s gonna be disrespected
    1:06:11 and I’m gonna be disrespected, so fuck this.
    1:06:13 And like, I’m gonna walk away again.
    1:06:16 I’m like, it’s one dearam, we gotta go.
    1:06:18 And she’s like, fuck that, we’re in this shit.
    1:06:20 Like if you don’t have the fucking stones
    1:06:22 to stay in this conversation, get the fuck out of here.
    1:06:23 I miss that alpha.
    1:06:25 I worry that we just don’t have people who are put
    1:06:27 in a position where they had to fight
    1:06:29 and fend for themselves.
    1:06:31 And they’re fucking brilliant, man.
    1:06:32 But they’ve never had to take any risks.
    1:06:33 They’ve never had to mix it up.
    1:06:35 They’ve never been in a fight.
    1:06:37 I’m not encouraging people to go beat the shove each other,
    1:06:38 but they’ve never been in a fight.
    1:06:40 – Yeah, no, I get it.
    1:06:41 So is there anything to be done?
    1:06:44 Like is there anything to counteract
    1:06:49 this nefarious slippage into impotence and oversensitivity?
    1:06:53 – Yeah, take your fucking phone and throw it in the bin.
    1:06:55 I’m a Jonathan Hype disciple,
    1:06:59 but like the phones are killing everybody, parents included.
    1:07:04 I am a wealthy, happily married, got everything I need.
    1:07:06 Almost 50 year old white dude.
    1:07:09 And when I get on Instagram, I feel so much fucking FOMO.
    1:07:11 My life feels so inadequate.
    1:07:12 I’m like, Jesus, look at that guy.
    1:07:13 Oh fuck, where are they?
    1:07:14 They’re having so much fun.
    1:07:16 Shit, that guy’s so much fitter than me right now.
    1:07:17 Fuck!
    1:07:18 And it makes me unhappy.
    1:07:21 And so maybe me and 13 year old girls
    1:07:21 have a lot in common.
    1:07:23 – You left out technologists too, right?
    1:07:25 As you put it, I think in your text to me,
    1:07:27 your fingerprints are on the weapon.
    1:07:29 – Oh, my fingerprints are on the, yeah.
    1:07:32 I mean, it’s like the gloves do fit.
    1:07:36 And so like, you cannot acquit.
    1:07:39 We reinvented cigarettes, fentanyl lace cigarettes
    1:07:42 when we started social media with all the best intentions.
    1:07:44 But it’s a fucking disaster.
    1:07:46 I mean, dude, you know this.
    1:07:50 When I quit Twitter in November of 2022,
    1:07:55 I lost 11 pounds in six weeks with no lifestyle changes.
    1:07:59 I had just been eating the cortisol of my mentions
    1:08:00 for years.
    1:08:04 Frog boiling, in 2006, it was all nice and shit.
    1:08:07 By 2022, everything I was saying
    1:08:10 was either being responded to by activist shitheads
    1:08:11 or Russian shitheads.
    1:08:14 And you can’t tell the difference anymore.
    1:08:16 The Russians are so good at imitating
    1:08:19 the liberal elite college shitheads
    1:08:22 that it was just a wave of hate, no matter what.
    1:08:24 Fuck you, parting your hair on the right side.
    1:08:26 The Nazis used to part their hair on the right side.
    1:08:27 You piece of shit.
    1:08:30 Once I went off Twitter and went off Instagram,
    1:08:32 oh my God, did I feel a lightness in my life?
    1:08:33 So here’s what I would do.
    1:08:36 My seminar, I would stomp on everyone’s phones.
    1:08:41 Then we would go to a bar, but like a dirty bar.
    1:08:43 And I would tell people to try and start
    1:08:46 a political conversation and not get their ass kicked.
    1:08:49 And so bring them to a bar here in Montana,
    1:08:51 a cowboy bar and just be like,
    1:08:55 I want you to advocate for the IRA
    1:08:57 and see if you can get out of here without being punched.
    1:09:00 So come to cattle country and oil and gas country
    1:09:02 and let’s talk about green politics
    1:09:03 and see if you can get out of here.
    1:09:05 Let’s see if you can actually tell a fucking story.
    1:09:07 Let’s see if you can show any empathy
    1:09:09 and put yourself in the shoes of the other person.
    1:09:11 One of the things that made Clay, our partner,
    1:09:14 who runs lower carbon with us so effective,
    1:09:17 was he had to go door to door in Ohio,
    1:09:22 Republican Ohio, on behalf of a guy named Brock Hussein
    1:09:25 Obama and convince people to vote for the guy.
    1:09:27 Like the same shit I did in Elko, Nevada,
    1:09:30 where I am going to a place that where John Kerry
    1:09:34 got 11% of the vote and I’m knocking on trailers
    1:09:36 and saying like, hey, I’m here to talk to you
    1:09:37 about the election.
    1:09:39 Most of those people, if their gun was closer within reach,
    1:09:40 would have pulled it out
    1:09:42 and told me to get off their fucking porch.
    1:09:45 But I have to learn how to put myself in their shoes
    1:09:47 and try and get a conversation going.
    1:09:50 And so I think no one sells shit anymore.
    1:09:52 No one has to walk up to their neighbor’s door
    1:09:53 and sell shit.
    1:09:54 You know, one of the things my kids had to do
    1:09:56 was convince the neighbors,
    1:09:58 can we cut across your lawn
    1:10:00 to get into the other neighborhood where the kids are?
    1:10:02 They had a negotiated deal.
    1:10:04 It’s one batch of cookies per year.
    1:10:06 And so I was like, you got to go figure that shit out
    1:10:08 ’cause otherwise it’s a long fucking bike ride for you.
    1:10:11 And so you got to go up there and convince them
    1:10:13 that you are not going to damage their lawn.
    1:10:15 But if they let you cross that lawn,
    1:10:18 it’d be a very patriotic thing to do.
    1:10:19 But you know, like, I feel lucky.
    1:10:21 You come to Bozeman, you know, there’s 150 bikes out
    1:10:24 in front of the school with no locks on them.
    1:10:26 And it’s a free range town.
    1:10:28 And the kids come home and we’re like, so what went on?
    1:10:30 And they talk about the conflicts they had with their friends
    1:10:33 and how they settled those, how they figured shit out,
    1:10:36 how they dealt with people when they go downtown.
    1:10:38 You know, friends come up from LA and they marvel
    1:10:41 at like our kids will be hanging out one spot.
    1:10:42 And the kids will be like, hey, can we go to the bookstore?
    1:10:44 And we’re like, yeah, scram.
    1:10:46 And so they’ll go to the bookstore and handle themselves.
    1:10:48 And our friends are like, wait, what the fuck was that?
    1:10:50 I’m like, well, they’re going to the bookstore.
    1:10:52 Six months ago we were in LA
    1:10:54 and we were all getting our hair cut.
    1:10:55 The kids were like, they finished first.
    1:10:56 And they’re like, hey, can we go to the bookstore?
    1:10:57 They’re nerds.
    1:10:58 So they like to read books.
    1:10:59 They don’t have phones.
    1:11:01 And we said, sure.
    1:11:02 And the lady who’s cutting our hair was like,
    1:11:04 well, no, no, no, no, no, they can’t go.
    1:11:05 But what do you mean?
    1:11:08 The bookstore is literally on the same street we’re on.
    1:11:08 Five blocks away.
    1:11:11 And she’s like, no, you’re going to get ticketed.
    1:11:12 We’re like, what?
    1:11:14 And I’m like, well, yeah, the cops will ticket you
    1:11:16 as the parents for letting your kids go down there.
    1:11:18 And we’re like, what in the actual fuck?
    1:11:21 And I’m like, well, the then 12 year old is fine
    1:11:22 and probably the 10 year old,
    1:11:23 but definitely not the eight year old.
    1:11:25 You can’t have an eight year old walking around.
    1:11:27 And I was just like, fuck everything.
    1:11:31 And now, Tim, I’m old as shit, but I see the linkage
    1:11:34 between that and the learned helplessness,
    1:11:35 between the lack of resourcefulness,
    1:11:38 between not knowing how to solve a problem.
    1:11:41 And so much of company building is dealing with people,
    1:11:44 dealing with people unlike you is solving those problems.
    1:11:46 So I would make people, if I’m teaching a seminar right now,
    1:11:48 I am making those people go hang out
    1:11:50 with people very unlike them.
    1:11:52 We have everyone on our team,
    1:11:55 a bunch of fucking hippie climate investors come to a ranch,
    1:11:57 a cattle ranch and hang out with people
    1:11:59 who raise methane for a living.
    1:12:00 I mean, they raise cattle that we eat.
    1:12:03 But our team sees them as methane burpers.
    1:12:06 And so we see them as people put food on the plate
    1:12:08 and stewards of the land.
    1:12:10 And they’re very easy to underestimate as like,
    1:12:11 well, they’re just growing cattle
    1:12:13 and cattle burp shit, all, you know.
    1:12:16 And so, but they are absolute stewards of the land.
    1:12:17 But nobody fucking hangs out with anyone
    1:12:19 unlike them anymore.
    1:12:21 Nobody’s forced to have any community.
    1:12:24 It’s funny, Phil Jackson voiced over a documentary
    1:12:26 about small town basketball in Montana.
    1:12:28 I think it was called Class C.
    1:12:31 And he said, the important part about Class C basketball
    1:12:34 in Montana is it’s a place where the entire town
    1:12:37 in winter can get together somewhere warm
    1:12:39 that isn’t a church and isn’t a bar.
    1:12:42 And the reality is we just don’t have these places
    1:12:44 where we get together anymore.
    1:12:47 Life is increasingly isolated.
    1:12:48 You know, like, what is it?
    1:12:50 73% of restaurant food is delivered now.
    1:12:53 By the way, my fingerprints are on that one too.
    1:12:55 I mean, we fucked it all up, dude.
    1:12:55 I’m definitely going to help.
    1:12:57 – You mentioned something in passing
    1:12:58 that your kids don’t have any funds.
    1:13:00 How did you manage that?
    1:13:03 Because I would suspect that a lot of their friends have phones.
    1:13:06 – Some of them do.
    1:13:07 We live in Bozeman on purpose.
    1:13:09 A lot of kids don’t.
    1:13:10 They’re outdoor kids.
    1:13:11 They’re don’t get board kids.
    1:13:12 They’re make your own fun kids.
    1:13:15 And so they don’t want them.
    1:13:17 – So is it fair to say they’re opt-in
    1:13:20 because a lot of their friends do not have phones?
    1:13:22 – I think they’re opt-in because they see how fucked up
    1:13:24 a lot of their friends who have phones are.
    1:13:25 How fucking sad they are.
    1:13:29 How at 10, 11, 12, 13, they don’t eat right.
    1:13:32 How obsessed with fucking makeup they are.
    1:13:34 And just how they stay up late.
    1:13:36 They don’t sleep right.
    1:13:37 They don’t do well in school.
    1:13:39 They’re fucking panicked at all times.
    1:13:42 And our kids have a piece that I think they’re very self aware
    1:13:45 that they don’t want that shit in their life.
    1:13:46 We have like a family computer
    1:13:48 that’s in a public space where the screen faces out.
    1:13:52 And like YouTube has some insanely cool shit on it, right?
    1:13:54 And so YouTube also has these rabbit holes
    1:13:55 that you can get stuck in.
    1:13:57 So it’s not like they don’t know how to use a computer
    1:14:01 and like they’re blown away by chat GPT.
    1:14:02 But I think at the same time,
    1:14:06 I think we were the last of the analog kids.
    1:14:09 We were the last who had to be conscious
    1:14:11 about what we were actually taking a picture of,
    1:14:13 thought about it and then waited
    1:14:15 and had some patience for it to develop.
    1:14:18 We were the last generation that had a raw dog.
    1:14:19 Have you heard this? – That’s the context
    1:14:20 you’re using that in.
    1:14:22 – Dude, there’s an American dialect society
    1:14:23 that shows that or something.
    1:14:25 I forget their name, but they chose that
    1:14:27 as the word of the year, raw dogging.
    1:14:29 Have you heard of this trend?
    1:14:30 Like raw dogging on an airplane flight?
    1:14:32 – You and I may have different use cases for this.
    1:14:33 What does this mean?
    1:14:36 – Wait, this is your follower base, man.
    1:14:37 I know what you’re referring to,
    1:14:39 but raw dogging an airplane flight
    1:14:43 is when you just sit there in the seat
    1:14:45 and you just look straight ahead.
    1:14:48 No headphones, no in-flight movie, no book, no phone.
    1:14:50 You just stare straight ahead for the flight.
    1:14:52 That is raw dogging the flight, man.
    1:14:56 Crystal’s dad is in his 80s.
    1:14:59 He can come sit on a chair in our yard
    1:15:01 and just look at the woods for four hours.
    1:15:04 He can just raw dog the woods, man.
    1:15:05 Like, can you do that?
    1:15:07 Could you do that now?
    1:15:08 You meditate a lot.
    1:15:10 Could you just fucking stare at the woods?
    1:15:11 Not on any shrooms or anything.
    1:15:12 – You know, with the woods, I gotta say,
    1:15:15 I’ve been cultivating that for a while now.
    1:15:18 So I think I could do it with certain natural scenes
    1:15:20 on an airplane, probably not.
    1:15:23 I would need some enhancement for that.
    1:15:24 – Right.
    1:15:26 I invite your listeners to leave in the comments.
    1:15:29 They’re actual authentic raw dog experiences.
    1:15:30 The safer work ones.
    1:15:32 But like, what setting and how long
    1:15:35 have you been able to sit phone-free, book-free,
    1:15:37 art-free, pencil-free?
    1:15:39 I mean, you might even say, I’m holding a pencil.
    1:15:42 Like, we’ve lost touch with the analog arts, man.
    1:15:43 I have a manual typewriter behind me
    1:15:44 that’s not for show.
    1:15:45 I use it all the time.
    1:15:47 I’m a physical collage artist
    1:15:50 and then I make wood and string art.
    1:15:51 You know, I got a rock drill.
    1:15:51 I told you about that.
    1:15:53 I was covered in fucking rock dust recently.
    1:15:55 – What are your string art pieces look like?
    1:15:58 – I weave twine and cotton
    1:16:01 and then I integrate that into rocks and wood.
    1:16:02 – Cool.
    1:16:05 – But we don’t make analog shit.
    1:16:08 – Have you seen, side note, Eddie Goldsworthy?
    1:16:10 – No, he’s been a big influence on me.
    1:16:13 So you can go ahead and summarize what he does.
    1:16:16 But he integrates nature out of art and art in nature.
    1:16:18 – It’s hard to believe some of his art
    1:16:21 was created using the materials
    1:16:23 that are put in the descriptions.
    1:16:24 I suggest everybody get a few of his books.
    1:16:25 They’re incredible.
    1:16:27 There are also, I think, two documentaries
    1:16:28 made about Eddie Goldsworthy
    1:16:31 that I’d recommend people check out.
    1:16:32 I’m gonna drag us back to that kid
    1:16:33 with the notebook for a second.
    1:16:36 So within the seminar, you’ve stomped on the phones.
    1:16:38 You’ve taken them to some bars.
    1:16:41 Maybe you’ve taken them to a bazaar.
    1:16:44 So there’s a lot of kind of the apprentice type
    1:16:46 vetting happening.
    1:16:47 Oh, hold on.
    1:16:50 Hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on, hold on.
    1:16:52 I said, I said that just to fuck with you.
    1:16:57 So what, what’s, no, no.
    1:16:57 – Hold on.
    1:16:59 I don’t have an air sickness bag near my eight.
    1:17:05 – So if you had a curriculum for reading,
    1:17:06 like a syllabus for reading,
    1:17:10 what would be mandatory reading for that class?
    1:17:12 Entrepreneurship, broadly speaking.
    1:17:16 – I am starting to rediscover
    1:17:19 the greatness of Gen X.
    1:17:21 I think we were taught to believe that we Gen Xers
    1:17:24 were a bunch of fucking ne’er-do-wiles and losers.
    1:17:26 And guess what?
    1:17:28 We are, but that’s what makes us great.
    1:17:33 And so I am convinced that we were the last of the fuck ups
    1:17:36 and all these other kids like actually do have
    1:17:37 a permanent record now.
    1:17:41 Like there actually is this thing that follows them forever.
    1:17:44 And so I’ve been really loving, diving into,
    1:17:47 like I love reading Chuck Losterman.
    1:17:52 And so, like just diving into how messy the 90s were.
    1:17:54 I love talking to chat GPT.
    1:17:55 My wife finds it weird.
    1:17:57 And so, like if I go on a walk,
    1:18:00 sometimes I’m listening to an audiobook or a podcast,
    1:18:02 but a lot of times I’m just talking to chat.
    1:18:03 Chat, by the way.
    1:18:05 And chat has different names.
    1:18:06 If I’m talking about medical shit,
    1:18:09 it’s Dr. ChatiousMD.
    1:18:11 If it’s like my accountant, you know,
    1:18:13 it’s chat, ChippetoCFA.
    1:18:14 What else do we have?
    1:18:15 Well, there’s a few, but I will,
    1:18:17 I’ll tell it, “Hey, you’re this person.”
    1:18:19 And I’ll have it remind me.
    1:18:22 Like I’ll get sentimental and nostalgic with it,
    1:18:23 but I’ll have it be a foil.
    1:18:25 I also, by the way, talked to it as,
    1:18:26 when you brought up mentors,
    1:18:29 like Buckminster Fuller, still a huge influence on me.
    1:18:32 You and I permanently ruined the market for his book,
    1:18:36 I seem to be a verb when we mentioned on your podcast.
    1:18:38 Immediately started pricing at $1,000.
    1:18:42 And I don’t think that price has ever really recovered.
    1:18:43 I think it’s still a few hundred dollars
    1:18:45 to pick up a book, a copy of that,
    1:18:49 but Buckminster Fuller’s personal life was not ideal.
    1:18:52 He would not be considered to have been a great husband.
    1:18:54 But I recently had to make a big,
    1:18:56 recently six, eight months ago,
    1:19:00 I had to make a big business organizational decision.
    1:19:03 And I said, “Hey, Chad, you are Buckminster Fuller.
    1:19:05 Let’s have this conversation.
    1:19:08 I wanna know like the advice you would give me.”
    1:19:10 That was fucking illuminating.
    1:19:13 And so I think we don’t do that enough.
    1:19:15 What else would I read?
    1:19:17 – Or a sign to the class.
    1:19:19 – Or a sign, yeah.
    1:19:22 I probably read more poetry than most people.
    1:19:27 But particularly like Billy Collins,
    1:19:31 I listened to the stories of Garrison Keeler, like old ones.
    1:19:33 I think we’ve all lost touch with story time.
    1:19:34 I am a big fan of the Moth podcast.
    1:19:35 – Huge fan, yeah.
    1:19:39 – You know, I really like the author Kelly Corrigan.
    1:19:41 I’ve gotten to know her recently,
    1:19:43 but you’re not in her demographic.
    1:19:46 She writes like middle-aged woman dealing
    1:19:47 with reality kind of stuff.
    1:19:48 I cry.
    1:19:49 It’s out of my realm.
    1:19:52 And so it’s like a way to touch base with people
    1:19:55 who aren’t like me dealing with really human challenges.
    1:19:57 I try to read books about rabble-rousers,
    1:20:00 like what was the John Perry Barlow book?
    1:20:03 American Night Wolf or something like that.
    1:20:06 And I met him a couple of times at TED, had no idea,
    1:20:09 but like I was a crazy person.
    1:20:11 And so Tim, I really do think
    1:20:16 that a lot of the magic of life is in our unpredictability.
    1:20:20 There was this guy who is Estonian genius,
    1:20:21 but he went to a big poker tournament.
    1:20:23 I mean, there was millions of dollars at stake
    1:20:26 and he played very unpredictably
    1:20:30 in ways that traditional players could not read into him.
    1:20:32 Because no matter what they saw in his face,
    1:20:33 they didn’t know what that equated to.
    1:20:35 I mean, the guy would stay in on the two seven,
    1:20:37 which is an unplayable hand,
    1:20:38 but they’re like, fuck, wait,
    1:20:40 he weren’t represented in the two seven.
    1:20:41 And he smoked everyone.
    1:20:42 By the way, he had a big ass beard,
    1:20:46 so they called him Gamble Door, so good.
    1:20:48 But I think he cleared like eight million bucks
    1:20:49 and then disappeared.
    1:20:51 Nobody fucking knows where he is.
    1:20:54 But like the thing we haven’t talked about yet is AI.
    1:20:55 – Yeah.
    1:20:57 – And I have strong feelings about it.
    1:20:59 – Let’s get into it.
    1:21:04 – And I think the last bastion of humanity
    1:21:09 is going to be in the random, unpredictable messiness of humans.
    1:21:13 The rough fucking edges that make no sense.
    1:21:17 The things that feel like errors and bugs
    1:21:22 are actually the self-preservation aspects of who we are.
    1:21:24 That the things that make other people
    1:21:26 feel like they don’t compute,
    1:21:28 it’s all we’ve got fucking left.
    1:21:30 I mean, look, I don’t know
    1:21:33 what our kids are supposed to go to school for right now.
    1:21:34 I genuinely don’t.
    1:21:37 Our daughter, Circa Luna, who’s a fucking really smart
    1:21:39 and fun and amazing kid,
    1:21:42 she had to write an eight-page paper for science recently.
    1:21:43 And I loved watching her.
    1:21:45 I think writing is important,
    1:21:46 learning to organize your thoughts
    1:21:49 and advocate for yourself and cite your sources.
    1:21:50 But at the same time, I just typed the topic
    1:21:53 into Chetchy P.T. and it was done in 15 seconds.
    1:21:56 And it was better than her sixth grade shit, you know?
    1:21:59 And so God bless sixth grade, but what the fuck?
    1:22:02 Like you’re not gonna interview for a job with this shit.
    1:22:03 So what are we teaching the kids?
    1:22:05 Like I love our kids are in advanced math.
    1:22:08 They’re smart, they’re good at math, but I mean, come on.
    1:22:09 – Is that so they know how to get
    1:22:12 the crossbow trajectories right later?
    1:22:14 – Pretty much, yeah.
    1:22:16 They can shoot like manual and firearms.
    1:22:20 They can also whittle, start fires, make arrowheads.
    1:22:21 They can handle themselves.
    1:22:24 You know, CC is 13 now, CC 11.
    1:22:27 And she asked me for some help with her math.
    1:22:29 And I looked at it and I was like, oh God,
    1:22:30 I haven’t done this in 20 plus years.
    1:22:34 Holy shit, or probably 30 plus years actually.
    1:22:35 I was like, oh my God.
    1:22:37 So I took a picture with Chetchy P.T.
    1:22:38 and was like, help me pretend I know
    1:22:40 what the fuck I’m doing with this.
    1:22:42 I just took a picture of her homework.
    1:22:44 And it showed me the whole thing, walked me through it.
    1:22:48 And I was like, here, oh yeah, I remember how to do this now.
    1:22:50 And then like, oh yeah, your answer’s right.
    1:22:51 And I saved the day and I didn’t look
    1:22:53 like a total fucking idiot yet.
    1:22:58 But would you send your kid right now to coding class?
    1:22:59 – I don’t think so.
    1:23:03 I think other than most computer science,
    1:23:06 like the highest level of computer science,
    1:23:09 almost all of the rest of coding is fucking useless now.
    1:23:10 You and I can go to Chetchy P.T.
    1:23:11 and be like, hey, I wanna do,
    1:23:13 I wanna build an app that does this, this, and this
    1:23:15 and give me the code and it spits out the code.
    1:23:17 And then I’ve literally said,
    1:23:19 hey, by the way, I haven’t coded since basic.
    1:23:20 What do I do with this?
    1:23:21 And it’s like, oh, no problem.
    1:23:24 Go here, download this, open this Python thing
    1:23:26 and then shove it in here and then do this.
    1:23:27 And it just talks you through it.
    1:23:29 And now it’ll be agentic.
    1:23:30 Like an agent’s gonna do all that for you.
    1:23:32 You just don’t need to fucking do it anymore.
    1:23:35 And so would you send your kid to law school?
    1:23:36 – No, definitely not.
    1:23:37 No.
    1:23:40 – Oh, dude, we have fewer lawyers at our firm now
    1:23:41 than we did a year ago.
    1:23:43 It’s just fucking great.
    1:23:45 And I can tell it, hey, you know what?
    1:23:48 Great job, do it again, do it again, do it again.
    1:23:49 Like, hey, you know what?
    1:23:50 I forgot to tell you, we have all the leverage.
    1:23:52 Oh, in this case, actually do this.
    1:23:53 Hey, add this.
    1:23:56 Hey, write out the exhibit A schedule of services,
    1:23:58 which usually takes a couple hours.
    1:24:01 And like, dude, it’s just so fucking good.
    1:24:03 Would you teach your kid accounting?
    1:24:06 Accounts receivable, accounts payable?
    1:24:07 Like bookkeeping right now?
    1:24:10 – So what would you teach your kids?
    1:24:13 – Would you have your kids write marketing copy?
    1:24:15 Would you train them to write like any news
    1:24:18 other than writing for the very top newspapers?
    1:24:20 – Yeah, no, probably not.
    1:24:23 – Dude, go down the list of fucking skills, man.
    1:24:24 – So what’s left?
    1:24:27 – Here’s my grand theory.
    1:24:28 We are super fucked.
    1:24:31 That’s your title card, Chris Sackett, Colin.
    1:24:35 We are super fucked, but spell it with two O’s, by the way.
    1:24:38 S-O-O, but no, here’s the thing.
    1:24:42 I am not worried about the AGI thing.
    1:24:45 I love all these ivory towers, smart people.
    1:24:48 And by the way, I do get invited to the cabal meetings.
    1:24:50 It’s kind of funny, like the Illuminati do meet
    1:24:52 and I’m in the room with all the heads of those companies
    1:24:54 and they’re brilliant.
    1:24:56 And the discussions are important discussions
    1:24:59 around bio weapons and about what happens
    1:25:03 when the machines realize that we are just incredibly
    1:25:06 inefficient users of resources and that they should
    1:25:09 just disassemble us and use our bits for other things.
    1:25:13 Same guys who are working on how to preserve brains
    1:25:15 in boxes for infinity.
    1:25:18 I mean, a smart guy really like said,
    1:25:21 he stops skiing and mountain biking because he knows
    1:25:24 that if we make it to 2035, we’ll be immortal.
    1:25:27 So he just doesn’t wanna get hurt between now and then.
    1:25:30 Like there’s some wild shit happening.
    1:25:31 – He knows.
    1:25:32 – And I believe in it.
    1:25:33 I believe in it.
    1:25:36 I believe that AI is accelerating drug discovery.
    1:25:38 I mean, Crystal and I have been funding research
    1:25:40 into snake bites and anti-venom.
    1:25:43 Snake bites kill a fascinating number of people
    1:25:45 around the world every year.
    1:25:46 And anti-venom isn’t available.
    1:25:49 It usually has to be in cold storage, all this stuff.
    1:25:53 Some guys and gals in a lab recently just had AI synthesize
    1:25:57 a bunch of anti-venom that’s shelf stable
    1:25:58 that can be distributed around the fucking world.
    1:25:59 And the AI came up with it.
    1:26:00 It’s crazy.
    1:26:03 And they’ve already tested it on rodents and it works.
    1:26:05 The stuff that’s gonna happen in drug discovery,
    1:26:09 the stuff that’s happening within fusion,
    1:26:13 within energy, within just clean tech overall.
    1:26:14 It’s all fucking fascinating.
    1:26:16 It’s all being accelerated by AI.
    1:26:19 There is nothing I am working on in technology right now
    1:26:21 that isn’t being accelerated by AI.
    1:26:22 – So you were saying though, the ivory tower stuff,
    1:26:24 where do they miss the mark?
    1:26:26 – The challenge is this,
    1:26:31 is that what most people do for a living is going away.
    1:26:34 So let’s look historically.
    1:26:38 We fucked with the blue collar working class in America.
    1:26:40 So we had this social contract.
    1:26:42 People came home from World War II and we said,
    1:26:44 “Hey, thank you for your service.
    1:26:47 You go work in a factory
    1:26:48 and if you keep your head down
    1:26:50 and show up to work every day,
    1:26:52 you will have a house, picket fence,
    1:26:54 you can have a wife, raise some kids,
    1:26:56 get two weeks of vacation.
    1:26:59 You’ll have a little extra money to maybe buy a small boat
    1:27:00 or have a fishing cabin.
    1:27:01 You can go to Disney World
    1:27:03 and you have a pension waiting for you
    1:27:04 on the other end of that.
    1:27:06 Or you take the GI bill, you can go to college
    1:27:08 and you can go into a profession
    1:27:10 and maybe your military time already got you started
    1:27:11 as a dentist or a doctor, et cetera.
    1:27:14 We just, we had this social contract.
    1:27:16 Hey, if you do your part, we got you.
    1:27:17 You’re part of this.
    1:27:21 And then we started to fucking shatter that.
    1:27:24 And I saw it firsthand when I talked about where I grew up
    1:27:27 where we started sending jobs overseas.
    1:27:29 We started busting the unions
    1:27:32 and people started losing that agency
    1:27:35 that control over their own destiny.
    1:27:37 Their small businesses were eviscerated by outsourcing
    1:27:40 and by Walmart.
    1:27:41 And when you do that,
    1:27:44 you get a bunch of people who panic
    1:27:48 because the American social contract is that
    1:27:52 if you show up, you will get yours.
    1:27:55 And when you don’t give somebody that opportunity,
    1:27:56 you take it away from them
    1:27:57 and you take that ownership away from them
    1:27:58 and you take their house
    1:28:01 or you take their store and you take their farm,
    1:28:03 then you get the pitchforks.
    1:28:07 And so we saw this in the housing crisis of 809
    1:28:09 when all those people had that shit taken away from them,
    1:28:10 they were pissed off.
    1:28:13 Now, I would argue they pointed that ire
    1:28:14 in the wrong direction.
    1:28:16 So not to get political,
    1:28:18 but I think they vilified the wrong people.
    1:28:21 They vilified immigrants who had nothing to fucking do with it,
    1:28:22 who were doing jobs that nobody else wanted to do.
    1:28:25 They vilified political leaders
    1:28:26 who were actually looking out for them, et cetera.
    1:28:28 But all that aside,
    1:28:31 we cannot let the politics of it keep us from missing.
    1:28:32 What happened?
    1:28:35 We took all of that away from them and they got pissed.
    1:28:37 And politics in this country got more divisive,
    1:28:41 more extreme, violent in some cases.
    1:28:43 And all because, you know, Bob Marley,
    1:28:44 a hungry man is an angry man.
    1:28:47 Like the reality of this is fucking true.
    1:28:49 When you take away agency from somebody,
    1:28:51 you back them into a corner.
    1:28:55 So now do that for all the fucking white collar employees.
    1:28:58 Do that for everyone who stayed in
    1:28:59 and did their fucking homework
    1:29:01 and went to college and took out
    1:29:03 all those fucking student loans.
    1:29:06 And who feel like they have played by the rules.
    1:29:08 They are the pride and joy of their families
    1:29:09 who actually got their degree
    1:29:11 in some cases a master’s degree
    1:29:13 who saw their career path laid out for them.
    1:29:18 And now they see that their life’s work is obviated
    1:29:21 by a machine that’s just better than them,
    1:29:24 this fucking fast and cost $20 a month.
    1:29:25 You know, we had a writer work for us briefly
    1:29:29 who was like, I feel like my career’s work
    1:29:31 is valuable for about 18 more months.
    1:29:33 And then that’s it.
    1:29:34 – So Chris, let me jump in for a second.
    1:29:37 I have two, I guess, questions for you.
    1:29:40 One is related to a common refrain
    1:29:43 you might hear wandering the streets of San Francisco
    1:29:45 and you spend plenty of time around tech folks
    1:29:48 so that you will know this related to job displacement.
    1:29:49 And then the other one is, okay,
    1:29:51 so what does this look like, right?
    1:29:54 Like five years from now, what might things look like?
    1:29:56 So those are the two questions just to plant the seeds.
    1:30:01 The first one is if I have this conversation
    1:30:04 around job displacement and I’m on board with you
    1:30:07 because a lot of folks who are talking
    1:30:10 about job displacement in the abstract
    1:30:15 either have too much of a dog in the fight pro tech.
    1:30:19 So they feel like they can’t say anything anti AI.
    1:30:21 So they’re shilling their bags, not to get too technical.
    1:30:24 – No, you get canceled if you say this shit out loud.
    1:30:25 You literally get canceled by the tech around it.
    1:30:27 – Or they don’t actually run businesses
    1:30:30 where you and I realize,
    1:30:31 and a lot of people are realizing this,
    1:30:34 but my team and I use AI dozens of times a day
    1:30:38 and there are plenty of people we currently pay
    1:30:42 who are paid out of some feeling of gratitude
    1:30:45 or moral obligation, but AI could replace them tomorrow.
    1:30:49 So I’m already seeing the job displacement in the concrete,
    1:30:52 but a lot of these folks in tech might say,
    1:30:54 well, if you look back historically,
    1:30:57 they’re all of these different technological developments.
    1:31:00 TV killed the radio star and on and on and on
    1:31:03 and look at the car, like did it eliminate horses?
    1:31:04 No, and blah, blah, blah.
    1:31:06 All these people found other jobs.
    1:31:07 We’ve seen it a hundred times before.
    1:31:09 Why is this time any different?
    1:31:12 So I’d love for you just to speak to that.
    1:31:15 – So first of all, the conflict is incredibly myopic.
    1:31:17 I mean, I actually like Vinod Kosla,
    1:31:19 but he gave a TED talk where he talked
    1:31:21 about all the promise of AI.
    1:31:24 And then there was a slide this year where he’s like,
    1:31:25 and so yeah, there’ll be some job losses,
    1:31:28 but we’ll just redistribute the wealth next slide.
    1:31:30 And I was like, wait, wait, wait, wait, wait.
    1:31:33 When has any society ever successfully redistributed
    1:31:34 the wealth?
    1:31:35 That just doesn’t fucking work.
    1:31:37 – What does he even mean by that?
    1:31:39 – I don’t know.
    1:31:41 It’s just easy to think when you own open AI.
    1:31:44 I actually think Sam Altman cares.
    1:31:45 Sam’s an intense dude.
    1:31:47 I actually think he saw this coming
    1:31:49 and was trying to do some shit with world coin
    1:31:52 and is trying to give the general populace
    1:31:54 and every human being a piece of the ownership
    1:31:56 of the chip clusters and stuff.
    1:31:58 It’s esoteric intellectual shit,
    1:32:00 but I actually think he’s not naive to this.
    1:32:02 And I’ve had conversations with him about it.
    1:32:04 I don’t think he’s myopic to it.
    1:32:05 I just don’t know if anyone has any answer.
    1:32:08 And in the meantime, the arms race is such that,
    1:32:10 I sympathize, like we can’t slow down
    1:32:12 or somebody else builds it and we are all super focused.
    1:32:15 – Yeah, why is it different this time around?
    1:32:17 – Because it’s so much faster.
    1:32:21 What humans suck at is understanding the slope
    1:32:23 of an exponential curve.
    1:32:28 Tim Urban told this story better than anybody else.
    1:32:30 He has the perfect fucking cartoon,
    1:32:32 you know one of his classic cartoon charts.
    1:32:37 We literally put it in our investor update like last year.
    1:32:41 Remember where humans want to estimate the rate of change
    1:32:44 by if they’re standing on a curve on an exponential curve,
    1:32:47 they turn around and look backward
    1:32:49 and they estimate the future rate of change
    1:32:50 by looking at that.
    1:32:53 But if they were just to turn forward,
    1:32:54 they would realize their nose is pressed
    1:32:58 against the fucking curve ’cause it’s going vertical.
    1:33:00 Now I can see this across the companies
    1:33:02 we work with in fusion.
    1:33:04 People used to say fusion just wasn’t possible,
    1:33:05 it’s 30 years off.
    1:33:08 Well, we’re fusing atoms every fucking day right now
    1:33:12 and net energy is being achieved every fucking day right now.
    1:33:14 And data centers are signing power agreements
    1:33:16 with our fusion companies right now
    1:33:20 for hundreds of fucking megawatts coming onto the grid
    1:33:22 or behind the meter.
    1:33:23 Fusion is real, it’s fucking here,
    1:33:26 the government is doing, our private companies are doing it,
    1:33:28 period, end of fucking story.
    1:33:30 I’m not having that debate with anyone anymore,
    1:33:32 it was one of those perfect like, I’m not here to convince you,
    1:33:34 I’m just gonna buy all the fucking fusion companies.
    1:33:36 But AI is what made that possible.
    1:33:38 But anyone who’s nay saying it
    1:33:39 hasn’t actually been in the lab
    1:33:44 and seen how we go from one to 1.1 to 1.4 to fucking 11.
    1:33:48 And so that’s just the rate of change.
    1:33:51 And Tim is one of the best explainers of concepts in history.
    1:33:54 And so, yeah, exactly.
    1:33:56 Tim, we’re running everybody.
    1:33:59 It’s just, it runs, it runs in the name.
    1:34:02 And so what’s happening now is that,
    1:34:04 you know, when cars originally came out,
    1:34:06 in some places they were required
    1:34:08 to have someone walk in front of them.
    1:34:09 You know this?
    1:34:11 And so the first generation of cars
    1:34:13 were required to have a pedestrian escort
    1:34:15 to make sure they didn’t run into anything.
    1:34:16 Swear to fucking God.
    1:34:20 And so there was a long period of transition
    1:34:24 where generations could keep up
    1:34:28 and where there were still human exceptional abilities
    1:34:29 and which people could be retrained
    1:34:32 or the next generation could go ahead
    1:34:34 and repurpose themselves.
    1:34:38 I defy you to tell me what’s so human exceptional right now.
    1:34:40 We’re also proud of ourselves,
    1:34:43 but what are we so fucking good at
    1:34:45 that the machines can’t do it?
    1:34:46 Here, I’ll confess the secret to you.
    1:34:49 So Crystal and I, with a good friend,
    1:34:51 recently wrote a screenplay.
    1:34:53 It was a comedy idea that Crystal and I had,
    1:34:54 and we’d been mulling on it.
    1:34:56 And we went to a really close friend
    1:34:58 who’s a very successful screenwriter
    1:34:59 to do the heavy lifting on it.
    1:35:01 I mean, he’s a writer’s writer.
    1:35:03 So, you know, like in the credit world,
    1:35:05 we’re the story by and he’s the writer, right?
    1:35:08 And so we went to, you know, shop it around
    1:35:11 and a well-known dude wants to buy it and start it.
    1:35:13 But he had comments on the third act.
    1:35:15 So we got the comments back
    1:35:17 and I had an idea for the third act.
    1:35:18 And I was like, okay, wait,
    1:35:21 I need to convince Crystal and this other guy
    1:35:23 of this idea I have for the third act.
    1:35:26 I went to Claude and I just said,
    1:35:29 hey, help me build a little dialogue really quickly
    1:35:31 around this idea that this guy comes down
    1:35:34 and he sees her on his phone
    1:35:37 and then the monk comes out and like, he’s awkward,
    1:35:39 but he covers for her by making this noise.
    1:35:41 And I was like, and make it funny as shit.
    1:35:42 It’s lighthearted.
    1:35:44 It’s in the style of like Judd Apatow.
    1:35:46 You know, I think I told it, Judd’s not a buyer.
    1:35:47 I’m not trying to, you know,
    1:35:49 but it was like that kind of style of comedy.
    1:35:52 And it fucking banged it out.
    1:35:56 And I sent that to my collaborators
    1:35:59 and those exact lines won’t be used.
    1:36:02 But I was like, that’s a funny fucking scene.
    1:36:03 That wasn’t a science report.
    1:36:07 That was a funny fucking scene of comedy
    1:36:12 that I conceived of, but like Claude made it fucking funny.
    1:36:13 And I sent it to my collaborators and like,
    1:36:16 oh dude, yes, that bang.
    1:36:18 And I’m like, fuck, man.
    1:36:20 I consider myself a writer, right?
    1:36:22 You read my writing, my writing doesn’t go public.
    1:36:24 – You’re a very good writer.
    1:36:25 – But that’s what I do.
    1:36:27 I write things that raise billions of dollars
    1:36:29 and we just don’t give it to anybody
    1:36:31 but the people who we work with.
    1:36:33 But dude, it’s fucking good.
    1:36:35 You know, we did a thing where we fed chat, GPT,
    1:36:37 everything I’ve ever written.
    1:36:40 And we have a lower carbon voice bot.
    1:36:43 And it knows exactly where to drop the F bombs
    1:36:46 and exactly where to use the cowboy phrases.
    1:36:48 It’s really fucking good, man.
    1:36:49 Like I’m gonna be extinct soon.
    1:36:53 – Okay, so what do you think things look like
    1:36:54 three or five years from now?
    1:36:55 Could be a year from now.
    1:36:56 I mean, things are moving so quickly.
    1:36:58 – By the way, thank you.
    1:36:59 Thank you.
    1:37:01 You’re the only person who talks about it
    1:37:02 like I do in single digit years.
    1:37:04 It’s single digit years.
    1:37:06 I love when people come to us in like 2050.
    1:37:08 I’m like, fuck you 2050.
    1:37:09 You’re embarrassing yourself
    1:37:12 if you’re talking about 2050 right now.
    1:37:13 Are you shitting me?
    1:37:15 Let’s not even talk about geo instability
    1:37:16 and all the fucking weirdness
    1:37:18 and what’s gonna happen when our country
    1:37:20 is run by some non serious people.
    1:37:23 Shit is fucking chaotic right now.
    1:37:25 But like, let’s just talk about what really happens.
    1:37:28 When we start in a year or two or three
    1:37:30 seeing massive job losses
    1:37:33 because you just don’t fucking need those people.
    1:37:35 You know, I mean, Tim, you were one of the first people
    1:37:36 to be like, hey, here’s a way to outsource your life.
    1:37:37 – Yep.
    1:37:39 – Here’s a way to use tools
    1:37:42 to have more control and more leverage over what you do
    1:37:44 and allow you yourself to focus on the things
    1:37:48 that are specifically your value add your expertise
    1:37:50 and not waste your time on the other bullshit.
    1:37:52 You kicked off a wave.
    1:37:54 Sometimes I blame you for it, right?
    1:37:56 I’m like, I can’t get some kids to work
    1:37:57 more than six hours a week.
    1:37:59 No, I’m just kidding.
    1:38:02 But you have always been a systems thinker
    1:38:04 about what are these tools we can use?
    1:38:07 Well, now dude, I use these tools all day long.
    1:38:08 All fucking day long.
    1:38:10 Now they’re integrated into your email
    1:38:12 and they’re integrated into your spreadsheets
    1:38:14 and they’re integrated into everything we do.
    1:38:16 And now I can tell people’s pitch emails
    1:38:17 are coming from them.
    1:38:19 And like right now I can sniff out
    1:38:20 which ones are written by them
    1:38:21 but the next generation I won’t.
    1:38:22 – Yeah.
    1:38:23 – And they’re solving problems.
    1:38:25 And it’s like, if you read Tyler Cohen
    1:38:29 who I read every day, he’s having debates with 01.
    1:38:31 And I consider Tyler Cohen indispensable.
    1:38:34 I consider no opinion actually indispensable reading
    1:38:35 every fucking day.
    1:38:37 I would never go through my day without reading him.
    1:38:40 I try to read everything D.K. Thompson writes every day.
    1:38:41 Well, I mean, he doesn’t write every single day.
    1:38:43 And then Zivi and some of these other people
    1:38:45 who are really paying Ethan Mollick.
    1:38:47 Like if you’re really paying attention,
    1:38:50 I don’t know what we’re particularly good at.
    1:38:51 I just don’t know anymore.
    1:38:53 I mean, our daughter, our middle daughter Serka
    1:38:57 is a really talented singer and theater person, you know?
    1:39:00 And she at age 11 is aware of this.
    1:39:03 And it’s like, Hey mom, dad, will Broadway still exist?
    1:39:06 And like, I think so.
    1:39:07 – I think Broadway will exist.
    1:39:09 – It’s crazy being around people.
    1:39:10 Yeah, I think people wanna be in the presence
    1:39:11 of other people. – I think being a film actor
    1:39:14 is gonna be a much dicier proposition.
    1:39:17 – My brother who you know has been really successful
    1:39:19 in Hollywood is currently rolling up
    1:39:22 residential real estate and climate havens
    1:39:26 because, you know, he’s just like, okay, I’m a writer.
    1:39:27 That’s kind of getting all fucked up.
    1:39:29 I’m an actor.
    1:39:31 You know, I could just sell some scans of my funny face
    1:39:34 and they’ll write good jokes for me to deliver.
    1:39:37 And he’s like, so what do I do now?
    1:39:37 You know?
    1:39:40 And that’s just the fucking hard reality of it.
    1:39:42 I’m literally not trying to poo poo it
    1:39:45 because it’s also the most beautiful thing that’s happened.
    1:39:48 And I use these tools all day long.
    1:39:50 And their companions and all these stories
    1:39:52 about the great things they can do
    1:39:54 for you are absolutely fucking beautiful.
    1:39:57 But they are going to shred the social fabric.
    1:39:59 And I don’t think we’re ready for that.
    1:40:00 And so I don’t know what people do for a living.
    1:40:03 Like I would love for my kids to know how to use tools.
    1:40:05 – Massage therapists, could be massage therapists.
    1:40:08 – Dude, have you seen the massage robots yet?
    1:40:10 They don’t get carpal tunnel, man.
    1:40:14 And so, I mean, a good massage therapist
    1:40:15 can only do so many in a day.
    1:40:17 It’s just unhealthy to do more.
    1:40:19 And so they don’t get carpal tunnel.
    1:40:22 – The warm soothing hands of my iRobot.
    1:40:25 – Have you seen that 01?
    1:40:27 Have you seen that 01 robot?
    1:40:28 Any of these things, even like,
    1:40:31 even chatGPT with the video or Google with the video now
    1:40:33 and stuff like that where it goes through the room
    1:40:34 and remembers everything it saw.
    1:40:37 Like Tim, you get overwhelmed.
    1:40:39 Like if you’re paying attention, it’s overwhelming.
    1:40:41 And you know what’s inevitable.
    1:40:44 Like, you know, we’re in a really bad spot, man.
    1:40:46 And I just don’t think like our government
    1:40:49 and our institutions, we don’t have a social safety net.
    1:40:51 We just aren’t set up for this.
    1:40:53 I feel lucky that my kids are in elementary and middle school
    1:40:57 and not in late high school or college right now
    1:40:59 because I don’t know what I would be telling them to do.
    1:41:03 Like really good parents sent their kids to coding classes.
    1:41:06 Really good parents sent their kids to law school.
    1:41:09 Here, I have started asking doctor friends.
    1:41:11 If you had a biopsy, would you rather it be read
    1:41:14 by a human being or by an AI?
    1:41:16 I’ve yet to have one say by a human being.
    1:41:18 Who do you want as your pathologist?
    1:41:20 By the way, this is like the one thing
    1:41:22 where I start realizing like, oh my God,
    1:41:23 the nature of this question.
    1:41:24 Like I was in a car with a driver the other day
    1:41:27 and one of those Waymo cars pulled in front of us.
    1:41:29 And I was like, I can’t even talk about this right now.
    1:41:32 ‘Cause it’s existential to what this guy does.
    1:41:34 An immigrant from Ethiopia who came over
    1:41:36 and built his own book of business
    1:41:38 as a driver is incredible.
    1:41:41 And here he is looking at a robot that displaces him.
    1:41:44 How do I even have that conversation?
    1:41:46 – So, all right, let’s nibble on this a bit
    1:41:48 because you’ve clearly thought about it a lot.
    1:41:51 I’m pretty saturated with this as well.
    1:41:56 It seems like with AI and/or robotics,
    1:42:00 a lot of the things that humans, including developers
    1:42:05 and computer scientists and so on, engineers,
    1:42:07 thought were going to be hard, ended up being easy.
    1:42:09 And the things they thought were gonna be easy
    1:42:10 ended up being hard.
    1:42:14 So, for instance, drafting legal documents turns out,
    1:42:15 lickety-split piece of cake.
    1:42:19 Maybe throwing a baseball
    1:42:22 and like playing catch with someone, very, very difficult.
    1:42:23 – Have you seen one, Mark Rober?
    1:42:26 Mark is a friend and a guy I deeply admire.
    1:42:28 Mark Rober makes incredible YouTube videos.
    1:42:30 Did you ever see the dartboard he made
    1:42:32 where it’s impossible to miss?
    1:42:36 So you throw a dart and he built a machine learning dartboard
    1:42:39 that automatically moves you hit a bull’s eye every time.
    1:42:40 – Just play along with me for a second.
    1:42:42 There are things people assume to take forever
    1:42:44 that were done very quickly in the opposite, right?
    1:42:47 So I’m wondering if you had to place bets,
    1:42:50 like you’re a better, you’re an investor.
    1:42:51 – I’ve been known to dabble.
    1:42:52 – You’ve been known to dabble.
    1:42:55 So if you had to place bets on sectors or things
    1:42:59 that are going to either be slow to change
    1:43:02 or they will actually become more valuable over time.
    1:43:03 I mean, a handful of years ago,
    1:43:05 this was when a lot of these gears,
    1:43:07 at least from the kind of mainstream public awareness
    1:43:09 perspective were just getting going.
    1:43:10 I was like, yeah, I think there’ll be basically like
    1:43:14 a free trade ethically sourced stamp of human made
    1:43:17 on things that will, for certain things,
    1:43:20 develop some type of premium, right?
    1:43:22 Connotation, that seems inevitable.
    1:43:24 Those types of watermarking and things like that,
    1:43:28 even for digital products, which then we’ve already seen.
    1:43:31 So if you had to bet, you’re like, all right, sorry buddy,
    1:43:34 we’re taking this lower carbon capital thing off your hands.
    1:43:37 We’ve heard you complaining about the 70 hour work weeks.
    1:43:39 We found a robot who we think can do the admin
    1:43:42 and the annual shareholder letters as well as you can.
    1:43:45 Now you’re just going to bet on stuff that’s going to last
    1:43:48 or that’s going to increase in value
    1:43:51 because it will be slow to be affected by AI
    1:43:54 or it will be largely immune.
    1:43:56 What would you bet on?
    1:43:59 First of all, I’m betting on the bills on the money line
    1:44:01 to beat the Ravens this weekend.
    1:44:03 And so I love that they’re playing at home
    1:44:05 but going in as underdogs night game,
    1:44:06 that stadium’s going to be nuts.
    1:44:08 The Ravens won’t be able to hear anything.
    1:44:10 Lamar Jackson wears a turtleneck in Miami.
    1:44:11 He’s going to freeze his ass off.
    1:44:12 We got this game.
    1:44:14 So sorry, go bills.
    1:44:17 And so I would be betting on sports.
    1:44:20 I swear to God, I hate the head injuries in football.
    1:44:21 I really do.
    1:44:23 It’s just, but on the other hand,
    1:44:24 there’s just something so primal
    1:44:27 about the gladiators shit that goes on in the fall.
    1:44:29 And when I see it bring entire communities together,
    1:44:31 particularly a beat up community like Buffalo
    1:44:33 that’s taken some lumps, I adore it.
    1:44:37 We’ve never raised our kids to be jocks,
    1:44:41 but I really find kinship talking to them about sports
    1:44:43 and playing sports with them
    1:44:45 and watching them develop as athletes.
    1:44:48 Yes, I do believe we could obviously build machines
    1:44:50 that pitch better than any human that’s walked the earth,
    1:44:54 but sports like, you know, not the all-drug Olympics,
    1:44:56 but just human sports,
    1:45:00 there will be a true analog primal attraction
    1:45:02 to those contests.
    1:45:05 It’s just one of the last real things.
    1:45:09 And so I think there’s something really, truly there.
    1:45:12 You know, Tim, I spend a lot of time in Japan like you do
    1:45:17 and there’s something so alluring about making pottery
    1:45:20 about the wabi-sabi, the imperfection
    1:45:23 about the craft of studying one thing,
    1:45:26 the soul that goes into a piece of sushi,
    1:45:29 the calligraphy, the ceremony,
    1:45:31 the big nights out and cocktail bars, by the way,
    1:45:33 where there’s one piece of fruit,
    1:45:36 like I’m absolutely addicted to that culture,
    1:45:40 but it’s that same craving for analog, you know?
    1:45:42 And it’s funny ’cause growing up, that was a place
    1:45:44 I thought of is like where all the coolest new cameras
    1:45:47 can come from, but it’s a craving for that analog again.
    1:45:49 And they’ve been culturally kind of ahead of the curve
    1:45:54 with that for probably at least I would say 15 to 20 years
    1:45:59 in terms of going very retro to things
    1:46:03 that are considered outdated or analog,
    1:46:04 which is fascinating.
    1:46:06 – The LP bars and stuff like that.
    1:46:07 – Yeah.
    1:46:09 – But Tim, let’s be honest, they better start having sex
    1:46:12 real soon or they’re gonna disappear.
    1:46:14 And the Koreans, like the reproductive rate in Korea,
    1:46:16 like Korea is just gonna close up shop.
    1:46:18 I’m fucking worried.
    1:46:20 Like, I don’t know what to do about this shit.
    1:46:21 Everyone needs to start fucking.
    1:46:24 – I think it was $250 billion since South Korea
    1:46:28 towards trying to promote procreating didn’t work at all.
    1:46:29 Zero effect.
    1:46:32 And there are actually a lot of like weird reasons for that
    1:46:35 that are not immediately obvious.
    1:46:37 Like I think you have to put up like a six to 12 months
    1:46:39 security deposit for an apartment.
    1:46:41 So people can’t afford the space,
    1:46:43 but people are also just not having sex
    1:46:46 or not procreating, which are not automatically
    1:46:47 the same thing.
    1:46:51 – No, we’re societally fucked, dude.
    1:46:53 If people don’t start fucking and having more kids.
    1:46:55 And I’m putting that on you, Tim.
    1:46:57 Where are the Timmy, little Tim Timmy’s?
    1:46:58 – Yeah, yeah, it’s on the document.
    1:47:00 – Oh, you’re the living distinction of,
    1:47:02 yeah, you can’t conflate having sex and having children,
    1:47:04 but let’s get on it, okay?
    1:47:05 That’s your homework.
    1:47:07 And so, but I do, anyway.
    1:47:09 So the schools here in Bozeman aren’t
    1:47:11 the most academically competitive, right?
    1:47:12 They do a pretty good job.
    1:47:15 The elementary school is actually really special,
    1:47:17 but it’s funny when we talk to our kids about
    1:47:19 what went on at school today.
    1:47:22 Orchestra was offered five days a week.
    1:47:25 And so math and science alternate every other day.
    1:47:27 English and social studies alternate,
    1:47:28 but orchestra is every single day.
    1:47:30 Choir is every single day.
    1:47:33 And so when we talked to the kids about school,
    1:47:37 they talked to us about music and PE class and lunch.
    1:47:39 And so it’s interesting.
    1:47:41 I mean, we’ll pry information out of them
    1:47:42 about the other classes.
    1:47:45 And again, they’re not the most challenging
    1:47:48 or riveting classes, so maybe that’s part of it.
    1:47:50 But there’s something happening
    1:47:53 in getting back to the arts.
    1:47:56 We went to one of their orchestra concerts the other night
    1:47:58 and boy, there were some kids out of tune.
    1:48:00 And boy, it was a little,
    1:48:02 the middle score orchestra was a little like,
    1:48:04 and there was some squeakiness.
    1:48:08 But I was just like, Crystal, this is not on Spotify.
    1:48:10 Like this is fucking amazing.
    1:48:11 You know what I mean?
    1:48:13 Like what’s happening here is amazing.
    1:48:15 This is human as fuck, you know?
    1:48:16 And like two sections of the orchestra
    1:48:18 getting out like not paying attention
    1:48:20 to the lady who’s been conducting for 30 years,
    1:48:22 being like, can you see my fucking hand?
    1:48:24 It’s just doing like this, like get on that beat.
    1:48:28 Like it was beautifully human, you know?
    1:48:29 And the same way that the awkwardness,
    1:48:31 I mean, we constantly talk to our kids
    1:48:35 about middle school is about the awkwardness.
    1:48:37 It’s about the asking someone to the dance
    1:48:38 or being asked to the dance.
    1:48:40 It’s about all these fucking kids who stink a little bit
    1:48:44 and sweat and are look gangly in their fucking clothes.
    1:48:46 And I love, by the way, I love now being an adult
    1:48:49 and seeing who like the alphas are considered,
    1:48:51 like that’s the fucking alpha kid in your class.
    1:48:53 I worry that he couldn’t wrestle his way
    1:48:54 out of a wet paper bag,
    1:48:57 but like that’s the attractive kid, hilarious.
    1:48:59 But back when you’re in middle school, you can self-identify.
    1:49:01 You’re like, oh my God, that’s the fucking kid.
    1:49:03 Like that guy, Ray.
    1:49:05 I mean, Ray’s gotta get any girl he wants.
    1:49:07 I just love seeing it now through that lens.
    1:49:10 I just think we have to embrace
    1:49:11 the messiness of our humanity.
    1:49:13 And it goes back to that new project.
    1:49:14 It’s not to make it super crass
    1:49:15 and we’re gonna get to that project.
    1:49:18 But because I think this is just a honing function
    1:49:20 and you’re so good at it in so many ways,
    1:49:23 how would you bet on that humanness,
    1:49:28 that imperfection, that awkwardness, that wabi-sabi?
    1:49:30 – Like my financial bet. – Yeah, exactly.
    1:49:33 Like outside of sports, I think is very on point.
    1:49:36 I would agree with that completely.
    1:49:38 – I think most people are still gonna be hermits,
    1:49:39 but a large number of people
    1:49:43 are gonna crave the opportunity to be together still.
    1:49:46 So Crystal and I have been looking at places here.
    1:49:48 – Kind of mean bars.
    1:49:49 – Yeah, pretty much, no.
    1:49:52 It’s funny, we were looking to buy some space recently,
    1:49:54 like some beat up warehouse space.
    1:49:58 And it took a long time to help our real estate agent
    1:50:01 understand that there wasn’t a specific purpose for it.
    1:50:02 And he’s like, well, what’s the business plan?
    1:50:03 And we’re like, no, no, no, no, like,
    1:50:05 when we see the space, we’ll know.
    1:50:07 And he’s like, well, what are you hoping to do there?
    1:50:09 And we’re like, it’s kind of office.
    1:50:10 It’s kind of art space.
    1:50:12 It’s kind of like, maybe we can make it available
    1:50:12 to the community.
    1:50:15 Maybe there’s some small performances there.
    1:50:17 Maybe there’s some wine or a cafe there.
    1:50:19 I was like, we don’t really know.
    1:50:20 We’ll kind of know when we see it
    1:50:23 and the community will kind of define the purpose of it.
    1:50:25 But we’re like, we just know that we need more convenience.
    1:50:28 – He’s like, I’m gonna need a retainer for this.
    1:50:30 – Yeah, yeah.
    1:50:34 No, I’m like, there’s no math to pencil out on it,
    1:50:36 but we just need more of those places to hang.
    1:50:39 By the way, all right, free idea for anyone in your audience.
    1:50:41 You know what needs to exist.
    1:50:43 – Chuck E. Cheese for Gen X.
    1:50:45 – And if somebody starts this in a city
    1:50:50 that I would travel to, I want a landlocked yacht club.
    1:50:51 – Okay.
    1:50:55 – That is also a mini golf country club.
    1:50:58 It’s basically, it’s yacht rock themed.
    1:51:00 So you show up, you got to wear white shoes,
    1:51:03 maybe a captain’s hat, umbrellas in the drinks,
    1:51:05 yacht rock band playing.
    1:51:08 It has the air of a country club.
    1:51:09 It’s accessible to everybody.
    1:51:10 Maybe a membership cost 10 bucks.
    1:51:12 You have to have a membership by the way
    1:51:14 to make it exclusive, a $10 membership.
    1:51:17 They have to apply at the door, give some references,
    1:51:19 answer some yacht rock trivia, whatever.
    1:51:22 But then it’s a country club for mini golf.
    1:51:23 The putt putts have generally gone away.
    1:51:25 We need to bring mini golf back.
    1:51:29 And like, you’ll, there’ll be like mahogany lockers
    1:51:31 for your putter, you know?
    1:51:34 And so you go in there and you have a really choice putter,
    1:51:35 you know, like you can catch like,
    1:51:37 “Billy, Billy, Billy, Billy, Billy.”
    1:51:38 And so you can talk to your golf club,
    1:51:41 but I really need someone to fucking do this, okay?
    1:51:44 You can call it yachtsies, you can call it whatever you want,
    1:51:46 but I need this to exist.
    1:51:47 I will be there.
    1:51:52 There’s a bar in Redondo Beach on the pier called Old Tonys.
    1:51:53 Or it’s called Tonys on the pier,
    1:51:55 but everyone refers to it as Old Tonys.
    1:51:58 The inside has not changed in 50 years.
    1:52:00 And I would do anything to get on the historic register
    1:52:04 of places to make sure it never changes.
    1:52:07 Because that is the perfect place to convene.
    1:52:09 And I will ride down there, ride bikes with friends
    1:52:12 when I’m in LA and hang out at Old Tonys on the pier
    1:52:15 and just feel like that’s what we crave.
    1:52:18 Go there and talk about nothing, just hang out.
    1:52:21 And I think like I would be betting on
    1:52:23 people wanna get together and bullshit.
    1:52:27 I think our kids are the canary in the coal mine
    1:52:29 of what happens when everything went digital.
    1:52:31 It’s fucking exhausting, man.
    1:52:34 And being yelled at online is fucking exhausting.
    1:52:36 People are not accountable to each other, right?
    1:52:39 I mean, if anything, I could have told you
    1:52:41 how the result of this election was gonna go
    1:52:45 because most Americans are just fucking tired of it.
    1:52:47 They’re tired of being yelled at,
    1:52:49 they’re tired of being criticized.
    1:52:51 As Jonathan Haidt likes to put it,
    1:52:53 it’s no longer about the intentions of the speaker,
    1:52:55 it’s how the listener heard it.
    1:52:56 Fuck that.
    1:52:57 Like I’m so fucking sick of that.
    1:52:59 And I got reeled into it like everybody else.
    1:53:01 And it’s fucking exhausting.
    1:53:02 And everyone who thinks like that
    1:53:05 can fuck right off and go away.
    1:53:08 Because intentions have to fucking matter.
    1:53:09 We have to get back to it.
    1:53:10 And where intentions matter
    1:53:12 is when you’re hanging out in person.
    1:53:15 You can tell, hey, were you trying to be an asshole
    1:53:16 or did you just say the wrong thing?
    1:53:17 My wife is half Asian.
    1:53:20 First time I brought her home to see my grandmother,
    1:53:21 she was like, oh my God,
    1:53:24 Chris brought the most incredible Oriental girl home.
    1:53:26 Now, was she trying to say like,
    1:53:29 fuck you, why’d you bring an Oriental girl into my home?
    1:53:31 No, what she was trying to say is like,
    1:53:33 oh my God, this woman who I don’t know,
    1:53:35 the more updated, less antiquated term
    1:53:37 for a woman from Asia,
    1:53:38 I think we need to call each other in
    1:53:40 more than call each other out.
    1:53:41 And so you can just be like,
    1:53:43 grandma, as Walter and the big old Basque says,
    1:53:46 Chinaman is no longer the preferred nomenclature, you know?
    1:53:51 Honestly, I feel like we could get to a point where
    1:53:53 as a culture, we want to hang out in person again.
    1:53:55 We want to be around each other.
    1:53:57 Like I know my neighbors where I live,
    1:53:58 like my physical neighbors,
    1:54:00 more than I ever did in San Francisco.
    1:54:01 I lived in a building
    1:54:03 and I did not know the people around me.
    1:54:04 Everywhere I’ve lived since then,
    1:54:06 I actually know my neighbors.
    1:54:07 I don’t think we vote the same all the time.
    1:54:10 Sometimes we do, sometimes we don’t,
    1:54:11 but I know I can count on them.
    1:54:13 I know I can have a relationship with them.
    1:54:15 I know we always find common ground
    1:54:16 and like we’re part of a community
    1:54:17 and we’re accountable to each other
    1:54:20 and it’s fucking great to have a community.
    1:54:22 And so I would be betting on communities again.
    1:54:24 – I mean, there was a big New York Times piece
    1:54:28 about running clubs and chess clubs
    1:54:31 and these in real life clubs
    1:54:33 with recurring events,
    1:54:36 beginning to displace dating apps, right?
    1:54:38 As an example, ’cause people are just tired.
    1:54:40 People are just exhausted
    1:54:42 by having yet another inbox
    1:54:46 and with 99% ghost rate, et cetera.
    1:54:48 – Well, people at those chess clubs
    1:54:51 need to start fucking or we’re gonna go away as humanity.
    1:54:53 But no, I’m with you, man.
    1:54:55 Crystal and I didn’t go to Montana State University,
    1:54:57 but it’s right here in town.
    1:54:59 And so we started going to the football games there
    1:55:02 and we’d consider ourselves super fans now.
    1:55:04 I mean, I wear blue and yellow fucking overalls
    1:55:06 to the games, it’s ridiculous.
    1:55:08 And by the way, I’ve sent you these clips before.
    1:55:10 – You sent me the photos, yeah.
    1:55:14 – The start of the game is Metallica starts playing,
    1:55:17 fire torches, cannons, a band is on stage,
    1:55:21 then horses, the rodeo team rides in with American flags.
    1:55:23 And then there’s a flyover of military planes
    1:55:26 or helicopters and like, America.
    1:55:28 Like this is what it’s all about.
    1:55:31 But I really enjoy that we have a fucking community here.
    1:55:33 And I really enjoy who we hang out with.
    1:55:36 And I think I would be betting on community.
    1:55:38 I would be betting on neighbors.
    1:55:41 And I don’t think the whole trend is going in that direction.
    1:55:43 I think the addiction to these phones
    1:55:45 is taking us in another place.
    1:55:47 The availability of food to eat by yourself
    1:55:50 in great TV and great apps and feeds.
    1:55:51 I mean, the first time I installed TikTok,
    1:55:54 Tim was during the pandemic.
    1:55:56 And I was like, oh, this is kind of cool.
    1:55:57 I’ll check out those dance moves.
    1:56:01 Next thing I knew, I looked up and the sun had come up.
    1:56:04 I had been up all fucking night long on this app.
    1:56:06 I mean, it was like fucking crack cocaine
    1:56:08 injected into my veins.
    1:56:10 I realized whatever like genes,
    1:56:13 some ethnicities don’t have to tolerate alcohol.
    1:56:15 I don’t have that for fucking TikTok.
    1:56:17 And so I can only imagine what it’s doing
    1:56:18 to the masses right now.
    1:56:21 And I hope we come up with a GLP one agonist
    1:56:23 that like blocks the pleasure center for TikTok.
    1:56:26 But I would be doing anything I can
    1:56:30 for profit or nonprofit to enhance community and hangouts.
    1:56:33 – So you’ve got all your knowledge that you have now.
    1:56:36 You do not have all your connections,
    1:56:37 but you have the know-how.
    1:56:42 And you are somewhere between 20 and 30 years old
    1:56:47 and you’re gonna start a business.
    1:56:49 What type of business might you start?
    1:56:52 – Tim, what do you want me to say?
    1:56:53 I genuinely don’t know.
    1:56:54 – CrossFit gyms?
    1:56:57 CrossFit gyms are community.
    1:56:57 They’re great.
    1:56:58 I was standing in one last night.
    1:57:01 I told you, I texted you last night.
    1:57:03 I was like, if you want to make friends
    1:57:05 in a CrossFit gym in Montana,
    1:57:08 just drop that you are pals of Tim Ferriss.
    1:57:12 And so like Shark Tank only goes so far in that gym.
    1:57:15 Once you say you’re friends with Tim Ferriss, like, oh shit.
    1:57:17 First of all, I love the ethos of CrossFit.
    1:57:18 It’s how I work out.
    1:57:20 You can just fucking tell, can’t you Tim?
    1:57:22 But those are community.
    1:57:24 You know, one of the things we’ve enjoyed doing
    1:57:25 is going to towns.
    1:57:27 I can’t remember which sites are doing this anymore,
    1:57:30 but finding somebody who will guide you
    1:57:32 on a local bar crawl.
    1:57:35 And just like, hey, take me to all the fucking dive bars
    1:57:36 or all the tiki bars
    1:57:40 or take me to three farmers markets.
    1:57:42 Or just take me to three things I want to see.
    1:57:47 And it’s like not the traditional like art historian
    1:57:50 who just recites everything about tidian.
    1:57:52 And I said that one just for you.
    1:57:54 I could have said Velazquez, but I said tidian just for you.
    1:57:56 – No, thy audience.
    1:57:57 No, thy audience.
    1:57:59 – Yeah, and so, but people were like,
    1:58:02 hey, come here and enjoy this analog experience with me.
    1:58:03 You know, let’s go to these places.
    1:58:05 You asked why we go to Copenhagen?
    1:58:07 ‘Cause Copenhagen is bikes, man.
    1:58:09 You get on bikes, you make it up.
    1:58:10 It’s freewheeling.
    1:58:11 We started with Renee,
    1:58:12 but then we met a lot of other people
    1:58:14 who had spun off from Renee’s world.
    1:58:17 Entrepreneurs and food and other stuff and artisans
    1:58:18 and people who take food and service.
    1:58:20 I mean, Ricardo Marcon who runs Baraba.
    1:58:25 Well, Action Bronson called it the best Italian restaurant
    1:58:27 in the world and it’s in Copenhagen.
    1:58:29 I mean, you start wars with that kind of shit,
    1:58:31 but there’s an argument that the best Italian restaurant
    1:58:35 in the world is in Copenhagen run by our buddy Ricardo.
    1:58:38 But Ricardo is the height of analog experiences.
    1:58:40 It starts with the hug at the door.
    1:58:41 – So, would you start stodging in his restaurant?
    1:58:43 What would your move be?
    1:58:46 – I mean, the kids have, our children have,
    1:58:48 they’ve made plenty of pasta in that place.
    1:58:50 But I think Europe is onto something
    1:58:53 with the art of the slow drink in the plaza.
    1:58:57 I really think humans still wanna have
    1:58:59 a slow drink in a plaza somewhere.
    1:59:01 I hope, I hope.
    1:59:03 And I know we’re not drinking as much alcohol,
    1:59:06 but I mean, I love those athletics, by the way.
    1:59:08 You realize that 80% of drinking a beer
    1:59:11 is just like, you wanted the 12 ounce curl apart, you know?
    1:59:14 It’s just like, today sucked, give me an athletic.
    1:59:16 And you’re like, I don’t actually wanna get fucked up
    1:59:17 right now, but there’s just something.
    1:59:18 I need to cap this day.
    1:59:20 I need to say work is over.
    1:59:22 And so, sorry, that was my limit shallow.
    1:59:24 I guess that’s a bad stand-in for athletic.
    1:59:25 We do have alcohol investments.
    1:59:27 I wouldn’t be betting on alcohol long-term,
    1:59:29 but I think people still wanna just hang out.
    1:59:32 The ritual of ordering a drink,
    1:59:35 ordering a light bite, hanging out, people watching.
    1:59:37 We need central places to hang.
    1:59:39 This movement during COVID of shutting down streets,
    1:59:41 making a bike, but also just cafe
    1:59:43 and outdoor seating friendly.
    1:59:45 We need more of that, humans crave that shit.
    1:59:47 That’s what I would be betting on right now.
    1:59:49 And then interactive guiding.
    1:59:51 Yes, I’ve used ChatGP to be like,
    1:59:53 hey, what’s the off the beaten path shit
    1:59:55 I should do in Berlin?
    1:59:56 It’s really good at it.
    1:59:57 But you know what else is cool
    2:00:00 is talking to a fucking punk kid in Berlin,
    2:00:02 who’s like, let me take you to a couple of places
    2:00:04 and I know this fucking guy and he’ll let you in
    2:00:05 and he has a craft cocktail.
    2:00:07 And do you know what the tradition is here?
    2:00:09 Here you spit, you put gum on the back of some marks
    2:00:11 and you throw them up from the fucking ceiling, you know?
    2:00:13 And so, I want more of that shit.
    2:00:17 And so, I think there is going to be a backlash to all this.
    2:00:18 – To all this, meaning-
    2:00:19 – Machines are just-
    2:00:20 – The machines and AI and so on.
    2:00:22 – The machines, the machines.
    2:00:23 – The Butlerian jihad.
    2:00:28 – Before that, yes, before they fucking kill us,
    2:00:31 I think we’ve got bigger fish to fry before AGI.
    2:00:34 And we might be at AGI right now anyway, by the way.
    2:00:38 But before the bio weapon disassemblers, you know,
    2:00:40 like I think we’ve got to worry about-
    2:00:43 – Being entertained to death by your curated feed.
    2:00:47 – Yeah, I mean, okay, so remember when we talked about
    2:00:50 Buckminster Fuller and I Seemed to Be a Verb,
    2:00:53 there’s another book designed by the same designer,
    2:00:57 Quentin Fiori, called The Medium is the Massage.
    2:00:59 Not the message, the massage.
    2:01:03 The background on that is originally a typo,
    2:01:04 but they went with it.
    2:01:07 (laughing)
    2:01:09 It’s Martian LeCluen.
    2:01:13 And that book, holy shit.
    2:01:15 Sorry if we just broke the market for it.
    2:01:18 But that book, you should front run that.
    2:01:19 Go buy all those copies.
    2:01:22 But that book, again, is one of these old ones.
    2:01:24 It’s beautiful, by the way, ’cause Quentin designed it,
    2:01:29 but it’s just beautiful foresight as to what’s happening.
    2:01:30 Not just entertaining yourself to death,
    2:01:34 but what happens when information supplants humanity.
    2:01:36 And so when that access, it’s just, I mean,
    2:01:39 the book’s got to be 50 years old at least.
    2:01:40 – Yeah, it’s an oldie.
    2:01:43 All right, so outside of the Butlerian jihad,
    2:01:45 we haven’t talked at all about lower carbon capital
    2:01:47 very little.
    2:01:51 You’ve invested in a whole plethora of different companies
    2:01:54 through lower carbon capital.
    2:01:55 You may not want to answer this,
    2:01:58 but are there any in particular, could be a sector,
    2:02:00 could be individual companies
    2:02:02 that you are particularly excited about?
    2:02:05 Or it’s like, okay, these are a handful,
    2:02:07 could be a sector, doesn’t have to be an individual company.
    2:02:09 And this is a way of asking like,
    2:02:13 what would you bet on outside of all the AI concerns
    2:02:15 and so on, and maybe these are AI enabled in fact.
    2:02:19 – So let’s just say what we do at lower carbon.
    2:02:23 We are venture capitalists and a team of scientists
    2:02:24 and business builders.
    2:02:27 And we back companies that are making real money
    2:02:30 by either slashing CO2 emissions
    2:02:31 or sucking carbon out of the sky
    2:02:34 or buying us time to unfuck the planet.
    2:02:37 I think this one even says it, unfuck the planet.
    2:02:40 Trademarked in a lot of countries, hard to do by the way,
    2:02:44 it’s hard to get swears trademarked some places.
    2:02:48 China, not huge fans of F-bombs, turns out.
    2:02:50 And so it was mission-driven for me.
    2:02:53 But we had this thesis that most climate investing
    2:02:56 and green investing, whatever you want to fucking call it,
    2:02:57 however they’re branding it these days,
    2:03:00 had been basically charitable, concessionary,
    2:03:02 some trade-offs, some sacrifice,
    2:03:04 couldn’t be done on a for-profit basis.
    2:03:06 And that was true for a long time.
    2:03:09 You needed regulatory support, you needed subsidy,
    2:03:12 you needed legal change, you needed philanthropy.
    2:03:15 But we started to actually see the math change
    2:03:19 to where the unit economics of making shit in climate,
    2:03:22 making shit clean, we’re starting to pay off.
    2:03:24 And so the cost was coming down
    2:03:27 thanks to compute, machine learning, AI,
    2:03:30 thanks to readily available feedstock, bioreactors,
    2:03:32 you name it.
    2:03:34 And then the demand was starting to increase
    2:03:37 on the other side because companies were realizing like,
    2:03:39 oh, if I do this stuff,
    2:03:40 not only is it just good for the planet,
    2:03:43 but it’s just fucking cheaper, it’s safer,
    2:03:45 it’s more resilient, it’s easier to use,
    2:03:49 it tends to blow up less than shit made with the oil and gas.
    2:03:51 ‘Cause it just turns out that digging up
    2:03:54 and burning old dinosaur bones is fucking expensive.
    2:03:58 And so using the sun to power the economy
    2:03:59 is just fucking cheaper.
    2:04:01 And that’s not a political statement.
    2:04:06 And what’s funny is when I talk to guys from West Texas
    2:04:08 like hardcore oil and gas.
    2:04:10 I’ll admit, I have to start the conversation
    2:04:13 by talking about the truck I drive.
    2:04:16 I have to quote some Kenny Chesney lyrics.
    2:04:18 I ask what’s in season, what are they hunting?
    2:04:20 Talk about whatever trophies behind them.
    2:04:23 I have to establish like I come in peace.
    2:04:27 But then we start talking about how are the cattle doing?
    2:04:28 Where are the yields like?
    2:04:29 How many are you running right now?
    2:04:30 Where are they way?
    2:04:33 You get some size.
    2:04:34 How’s a growing season?
    2:04:36 How many harvest are you getting?
    2:04:37 You get some size.
    2:04:39 What’s hunting been like?
    2:04:40 You know, how many tags you’re getting?
    2:04:42 You’re able to fill all those tags.
    2:04:43 You bagging anything good?
    2:04:47 Then you start talking about how are jobs going?
    2:04:48 How are people doing there?
    2:04:51 Then you start asking, so you guys getting any of the shakes?
    2:04:53 You getting the daily seismic activity?
    2:04:55 What’s water like?
    2:04:59 And before you know it, you have just talked
    2:05:01 all of the reality of a fucked climate
    2:05:03 without ever mentioning the word one time.
    2:05:09 And it doesn’t have to be fucking political at all.
    2:05:11 It’s just the reality.
    2:05:15 You know, the California fires are so fucked up
    2:05:19 but the reality is they’re actually gonna be an accelerator
    2:05:20 for the work we do.
    2:05:24 Because now, you know, a lot of climate stuff is like,
    2:05:27 well, shit, if I eat this shitty mushroom burger
    2:05:31 then maybe fewer people will be subjected
    2:05:33 to floods in Mongolia.
    2:05:35 It’s really fucking abstract, right?
    2:05:38 And we think maybe there’s like 300 million people
    2:05:40 on the planet who actually try and do that math
    2:05:42 and are willing to spend more money
    2:05:44 to buy something more expensive
    2:05:46 or who are willing to actually sacrifice deeply
    2:05:49 in their life with that kind of end-to-end relationship
    2:05:50 in mind.
    2:05:52 But like seven and a half billion people
    2:05:54 don’t have that luxury.
    2:05:57 Or just it’s really fucking taxing and exhausting
    2:05:58 to think about that all the time.
    2:06:00 I don’t wanna every time I sit down
    2:06:02 and bite into a delicious burger
    2:06:04 I had to be confronted by the existential crisis
    2:06:07 I am feeling, I mean, I love when that juice drips down
    2:06:09 and you’re like, oh, fuck, this is fucking delicious.
    2:06:10 Medium rare, let’s go.
    2:06:13 Oh, this grass-fed awesomeness, oh shit.
    2:06:15 Like you left a little of that fat in there.
    2:06:16 Yeah, let’s go.
    2:06:17 What’d you marinate this in?
    2:06:19 Oh, it’s fucking delicious.
    2:06:21 We were meant to eat that shit, right?
    2:06:22 And I don’t wanna have to constantly like,
    2:06:24 I’m a horrible person, I’m a horrible person
    2:06:26 and like eat it from my tears.
    2:06:31 Like, the burger of shame.
    2:06:33 So it’s just not, it’s not who we are.
    2:06:35 And you know what?
    2:06:37 The fucking activists made us feel so bad about it
    2:06:38 for so fucking long.
    2:06:40 The soup throwers.
    2:06:41 These people throwing soup on paintings.
    2:06:44 How the fuck are you helping anything?
    2:06:46 The people who glue themselves to the fucking floor
    2:06:48 of the US Open and stop traffic.
    2:06:50 Like, how are you helping anything?
    2:06:52 All you’re doing is radicalizing people
    2:06:53 against the stuff that we’re doing that
    2:06:56 as practically on fucking their businesses,
    2:06:57 their communities.
    2:06:59 If you really wanna put some blame
    2:07:01 on some people about what happened in the L.A. fires,
    2:07:03 like if we’re really just playing the blame game.
    2:07:04 And did you see the article?
    2:07:07 By the way, it’s a bunch of Russian disinfo accounts
    2:07:08 that are really flooding the tweets
    2:07:10 with trying to blame different people and stuff.
    2:07:11 It’s fucked up.
    2:07:14 So Russia just knows where to fucking pick the scabs with us.
    2:07:15 But if you wanna blame somebody,
    2:07:18 it’s the fucking environmentalists.
    2:07:21 It’s the fucking Sierra Club who makes it impossible
    2:07:25 for anyone to actually do any defensible space,
    2:07:28 to mow anything down, to do any controlled burns,
    2:07:30 to actually create defensible space
    2:07:32 around our fucking communities.
    2:07:34 It’s the fucking Nimbies who won’t let anyone
    2:07:36 actually use appropriate materials
    2:07:38 in building a fucking house.
    2:07:41 Did you see like, they are expediting the rebuild
    2:07:43 of any houses in those areas that burned down,
    2:07:46 but you can’t make any fucking changes to that.
    2:07:50 So we just saw a bunch of tinder boxes go up
    2:07:51 and it’s a great opportunity to be like,
    2:07:54 hey, maybe we should build us some different shit.
    2:07:56 Maybe we should build in some different shapes.
    2:07:57 Maybe we shouldn’t have ventilation
    2:07:59 that sucks everything up into the roof structure.
    2:08:01 Maybe we shouldn’t use the cheapest wood available,
    2:08:03 which is how Americans build shit.
    2:08:05 Maybe we should have more concrete,
    2:08:06 more aluminum, more heat reflection,
    2:08:08 more concrete walls around stuff.
    2:08:09 Maybe, just fucking maybe.
    2:08:11 Maybe we should use more shrubbery around it
    2:08:14 that actually absorbs more water and is less flammable.
    2:08:16 But no, expedited permitting
    2:08:19 if you build the exact same fucking thing you just had.
    2:08:21 Otherwise you go back to the end of the line.
    2:08:23 How fucking defeating is that?
    2:08:26 But it’s just so funny to be a climate investor
    2:08:28 and find myself constantly at odds
    2:08:30 with the goddamn environmentalists.
    2:08:33 I’m sure they have a fucking target on me,
    2:08:36 but that’s the reality is right now for the first time,
    2:08:38 I think we are going to draw the linkage
    2:08:42 between what happens if we don’t deal with these problems
    2:08:45 and the direct damage they cause in the short term.
    2:08:46 – And so if you look at your portfolio,
    2:08:47 just not to lose track of that,
    2:08:49 you can feel free to punt it for a bit,
    2:08:51 but I’m wondering if you’re like, okay,
    2:08:53 the things that I’m most excited about
    2:08:56 kind of moving the needle in ways that you care about,
    2:08:59 what those technologies or sectors or companies will be.
    2:09:03 – There’s things that are going to transform at scale,
    2:09:07 like fusion, clean, abundant power that is almost free
    2:09:09 is single digit years away.
    2:09:10 So that’s fucking great.
    2:09:12 I don’t even bother fighting with the oil and gas people,
    2:09:14 it doesn’t fucking matter.
    2:09:17 In fact, I actually want them to work with us more
    2:09:18 on carbon capture and sequester,
    2:09:21 putting more carbon back into the ground
    2:09:22 ’cause they’ve got the trucks and they’ve got the pipes
    2:09:24 and they’ve got the engineering know-how
    2:09:25 and they’re great at it.
    2:09:28 And so we do a lot of work with oil and gas companies
    2:09:30 going in reverse.
    2:09:32 So I don’t have political battles with those guys.
    2:09:35 And again, that’s something that the activists hate about me.
    2:09:37 I will fucking sit with these people.
    2:09:39 Chris Wright, our new energy secretary,
    2:09:41 I consider him a reasonable person.
    2:09:43 He grew up in the oil and gas business.
    2:09:45 If we didn’t have the oil and gas business,
    2:09:47 we would not enjoy the economy we enjoy today.
    2:09:49 Everything in that room you’re sitting in right now
    2:09:51 was made possible by oil and gas.
    2:09:54 We can’t just fucking pretend.
    2:09:56 Otherwise, we’d be living that primitive life
    2:09:58 that I know you’ve gotten some of your survivalist books
    2:10:01 somewhere, but without oil and gas, we’re fucked.
    2:10:04 It’s my job to give you a better alternative.
    2:10:07 And I enjoy when the big oil majors come to us.
    2:10:09 Sometimes they’ll try to do a business deal or even buy us.
    2:10:10 We had one of the big oil majors
    2:10:12 try to buy lower carbon capital.
    2:10:14 We’re not for sale.
    2:10:16 But we said, bring your engineering team
    2:10:17 to meet with our engineering team
    2:10:18 and let’s get some shit done together.
    2:10:19 I love that.
    2:10:21 We have a company called Solygen
    2:10:24 that makes chemicals using enzymes instead of oil
    2:10:25 as the main ingredient.
    2:10:29 There’s zero emission chemicals, industrial chemicals.
    2:10:30 You know who buys those chemicals?
    2:10:32 The oil and gas industry.
    2:10:34 And so one of the big chemicals they make
    2:10:36 is hydrogen peroxide at industrial scale,
    2:10:39 which is an important component of the oil and gas industry.
    2:10:42 When that buyer comes to Solygen to buy that stuff,
    2:10:44 they ask two questions.
    2:10:47 Is it hydrogen peroxide and is it cheaper?
    2:10:49 Well, then fuck it, I’ll buy it.
    2:10:50 And it’s just fun.
    2:10:52 I like to envision that guy with like a dip in
    2:10:55 and a cowboy hat, you know, like, well, fuck it, I’ll buy it.
    2:10:58 But literally that’s my favorite fucking buyer.
    2:11:02 Someone who buys the cleaner thing out of self-interest.
    2:11:05 And so that’s what we’re seeing across all of this stuff.
    2:11:08 Now, in the short term, you wanna talk about fires.
    2:11:09 We have a company called Burnbot
    2:11:11 that is literally an autonomous drone
    2:11:13 that goes into the wild urban interface,
    2:11:16 mows shit down, starts a controlled burn,
    2:11:18 burns a defensible space.
    2:11:19 – You say defensible space.
    2:11:22 You just mean basically a red-line.
    2:11:23 – A fire line.
    2:11:27 So a space where there is a gap where it would be hard,
    2:11:30 even in high winds, for fire to jump that,
    2:11:32 or at least firefighters know, start here
    2:11:33 and work backwards.
    2:11:34 By the way, if you have good fire lines,
    2:11:37 you can just start a fire to go back in the other direction
    2:11:39 and be like, well, this wasn’t our preferred thing,
    2:11:40 but if we got a big fire coming at us,
    2:11:42 may as well start a fire to head back at it.
    2:11:45 So you can look this up, Burnbot, it’s fucking awesome.
    2:11:48 And, you know, private landowners don’t have a problem
    2:11:50 usually running Burnbot,
    2:11:52 but where it needs to run is on a lot of public land
    2:11:54 and they’ll just get sued.
    2:11:56 And so, you know, like somebody will be like,
    2:11:58 hey, we need to do some fuel reduction here,
    2:11:59 some fuel management.
    2:12:02 And fuel management, I looked at some data recently,
    2:12:03 it takes between four and seven years
    2:12:05 for those projects to get out of litigation.
    2:12:09 – By fuel management, you mean actual timber or undergrowth?
    2:12:11 Is that what you mean by fuel?
    2:12:14 – So before we were all walking around the United States,
    2:12:16 you know, what is now the United States?
    2:12:18 There used to be a bunch of fires, right?
    2:12:19 It just naturally caused fires,
    2:12:21 lightning stuff would happen.
    2:12:24 The indigenous people who inhabited this land
    2:12:26 knew about the power of those fires.
    2:12:29 And what would happen is when fires occurred
    2:12:30 on a regular basis,
    2:12:33 they were actually very healthy for those ecosystems.
    2:12:36 We know that there are certain conifers, pines,
    2:12:39 that only release their seeds in the event of a fire.
    2:12:42 They literally do not release their seeds otherwise.
    2:12:45 And so fire is a vitally important part
    2:12:47 of a forest ecosystem.
    2:12:50 To have healthy nature, you have to have fire.
    2:12:52 A bunch of very well-intentioned
    2:12:55 greens and environmentalists came along
    2:12:57 and said, holy shit, fire.
    2:12:59 It releases a bunch of shit in the sky,
    2:13:01 it gets close to human beings,
    2:13:03 some deer will fucking die, you know,
    2:13:04 like we need to stop fire.
    2:13:06 And look, all this shit in hindsight,
    2:13:08 I’m not blaming those people
    2:13:10 because in hindsight, I don’t think they knew this.
    2:13:12 I think they were trying to do the right thing.
    2:13:13 But what happened was,
    2:13:15 they started putting out fires immediately.
    2:13:18 You know, we had all those massive fire towers, right?
    2:13:20 Those are fun to like spend a night in, by the way,
    2:13:21 if you want to camp out in an old fire tower.
    2:13:23 So we had all these fire towers,
    2:13:25 they would see a fire, they would immediately put it out.
    2:13:29 What happens when that happens is all this fuel grows.
    2:13:32 So all this undergrowth starts to grow and grow and grow.
    2:13:35 And before you know it, when the next fire starts,
    2:13:37 there’s so much fuel there
    2:13:39 that instead of like cleaning it out
    2:13:42 and letting some little pine cones kind of drop
    2:13:45 and creating more space for the next layer of growth
    2:13:46 and for animal habitat,
    2:13:48 instead it burns so fucking hot
    2:13:50 that the biggest trees all burned down
    2:13:52 and the microbial layer all burns.
    2:13:54 And now you’ve got fucking sand.
    2:13:56 And so what we started to realize
    2:13:59 was that all those years of fire suppression
    2:14:02 were the worst form of fire management.
    2:14:05 And in doing so, they actually hurt the nature
    2:14:07 they were intended to help.
    2:14:09 Even if there were no houses nearby,
    2:14:11 you have to let fires burn out.
    2:14:12 And if it’s in a place
    2:14:14 where you can’t just let that happen randomly,
    2:14:16 you have to actively manage fuels
    2:14:18 as if nature was doing it for you.
    2:14:20 And so managing fuels means in a scrub brush area,
    2:14:22 it means like you just go in
    2:14:24 and you chop and burn the fucking grass.
    2:14:25 You just have to do it.
    2:14:27 And so you have to build that defensible space
    2:14:29 and you have to let some of these spaces renew.
    2:14:32 In forests, it means you have to limb stuff.
    2:14:33 You have to take the dead stuff.
    2:14:34 You have to limb stuff.
    2:14:36 And then you have to set it on fire.
    2:14:39 And you do these and it’s a really, really important part
    2:14:40 of forestry management.
    2:14:42 We know that now.
    2:14:44 And the US Forest Service knows this.
    2:14:47 All that those are hardworking, amazing fucking people,
    2:14:48 but the environmentalists do to stop them
    2:14:49 all the fucking time.
    2:14:51 And that’s killing people right now.
    2:14:53 There’s just no doubt about it.
    2:14:55 I am hopeful a silver lining,
    2:14:56 ’cause I’m gonna talk about politics,
    2:14:58 but a silver lining is I think we’re gonna cut through
    2:15:00 some of that shit right now.
    2:15:02 I think we are headed into an era of pragmatism,
    2:15:06 of putting literally the forest before the trees
    2:15:09 and starting to actually proactively get ahead of that stuff.
    2:15:11 By the way, it’s the same shit with floods.
    2:15:12 It’s the same shit with drought.
    2:15:13 It’s the same shit with famine.
    2:15:16 We have just been stopped from taking proactive measures.
    2:15:19 So a company like Burnbot, company like Gridware.
    2:15:21 Gridware actually is monitoring equipment
    2:15:24 on every single power line, tower by tower.
    2:15:26 Like, do you know right now,
    2:15:30 if there is a power failure on a PG&E transmission line,
    2:15:30 do you know how they figure out
    2:15:32 where that power failure was?
    2:15:36 They just start driving along and looking up
    2:15:37 and trying to figure it out.
    2:15:40 Are they helicopter down the whole fucking line?
    2:15:43 They have no data that comes off those fucking lines.
    2:15:46 At this point, well, it’s not my words.
    2:15:47 Somebody else said, at this point,
    2:15:50 PG&E is essentially the biggest arsonist in California.
    2:15:53 And so electrical utilities are responsible
    2:15:56 for 11% of the fire ignitions in the state of California
    2:15:57 and 50% of the damage.
    2:16:00 And so you have these tools like Gridware
    2:16:03 that can just be tower by tower monitoring.
    2:16:04 Know where there’s interruption.
    2:16:05 You can immediately go there and see,
    2:16:07 okay, where was the tree that fell?
    2:16:08 Where is the spark?
    2:16:09 You can suppress that fire in a place
    2:16:11 where you don’t want to have fire
    2:16:13 or you don’t haven’t controlled for it.
    2:16:15 But there hasn’t been an incentive
    2:16:17 for those companies to pay that.
    2:16:19 Like PG&E is already bankrupted.
    2:16:20 They haven’t been on the hook for that.
    2:16:22 But now we’ve got insurance companies,
    2:16:24 like multiple insurance companies
    2:16:25 are gonna go bankrupt right now.
    2:16:27 And so is California’s fair plan,
    2:16:28 which is the insurer of last resort
    2:16:30 does not have the money it needs to pay
    2:16:31 for what just happened.
    2:16:33 We have a company called Stand,
    2:16:35 which is a fire insurance company
    2:16:36 that actually assesses the real risk
    2:16:38 of insuring your home
    2:16:41 instead of state farm just pulling out of the fucking state.
    2:16:43 By the way, I don’t think you want to show a lot of football,
    2:16:46 but you know, the LA Rams couldn’t play their game in LA
    2:16:48 because of the fires, right?
    2:16:50 So they moved it to their playoff game.
    2:16:52 They moved it to Arizona
    2:16:54 and they played in state farm arena.
    2:16:57 And I couldn’t even believe they didn’t just put duct tape
    2:16:58 over the fucking logo.
    2:17:00 It was the most fucked up irony ever.
    2:17:01 But so instead of having an insurance company
    2:17:03 plot of an entire state,
    2:17:06 a company like Stand looks at house by house by house
    2:17:09 and says, here is your modeled risk.
    2:17:12 And here are the other things that you can proactively do
    2:17:13 to reduce that risk
    2:17:16 to where we will actually write you an insurance policy.
    2:17:17 And we have companies like Floodbase
    2:17:19 that do that same thing for floods
    2:17:21 and look at like, here’s the risk.
    2:17:23 And you can’t remember a hundred year storms
    2:17:24 happen every year now.
    2:17:28 Like we can’t just model these on historical data anymore.
    2:17:30 I mean, as John Stewart put it, they’re not like,
    2:17:32 what just happened in LA is like,
    2:17:34 if a fire fucked a tornado,
    2:17:36 you can’t just model for that anymore.
    2:17:39 You have to assume the worst and assume like,
    2:17:42 okay, what do we do in terms of space management?
    2:17:43 What do we do in terms of materials?
    2:17:45 What do we do in terms of suppression?
    2:17:46 What do we do in terms of response?
    2:17:49 What do we do in terms of adaptation or resiliency
    2:17:51 in the face of all that?
    2:17:53 And so I think there are so many opportunities
    2:17:55 to be better at that stuff right now.
    2:18:00 And I am hopeful that the silver lining
    2:18:02 of a tragedy like this is the cause
    2:18:05 and the effect are so close
    2:18:08 and finally appeal so much to self-interest.
    2:18:10 They finally appeal to that linkage
    2:18:12 between instead of just like,
    2:18:14 hey, if a butterfly flaps its wings far away
    2:18:14 and you’re like, oh,
    2:18:17 if that bush fucking lights on fire over there,
    2:18:18 that’s it.
    2:18:19 You and I have a buddy who like,
    2:18:21 went to go look at the wreckage of his home
    2:18:24 and his fireproof safe was a puddle.
    2:18:26 It was a fucking puddle.
    2:18:27 It’s just so devastating.
    2:18:28 I’m hopeful.
    2:18:31 I actually feel a second wind in our work.
    2:18:33 And so do the people I work with right now.
    2:18:36 I feel like it’s always been mission driven,
    2:18:38 but we’re also unapologetically capitalist.
    2:18:39 It’s great.
    2:18:41 I mean, it’s making a lot of money right now,
    2:18:43 but I feel like right now it makes
    2:18:45 the stakes of it even clearer.
    2:18:48 And I know there’ll be a bunch of fucking people yelling
    2:18:50 at each other about what went wrong in LA.
    2:18:51 But here’s the funniest thing.
    2:18:53 The phone is ringing off the hook right now
    2:18:55 from people not in LA who are like,
    2:18:56 that can never happen here.
    2:18:58 What do we do?
    2:18:59 And I love that.
    2:19:01 – No permanent record.
    2:19:02 You wanna talk about it?
    2:19:03 It’s a story.
    2:19:04 What’s happening?
    2:19:04 Why now?
    2:19:06 – Yeah.
    2:19:09 I don’t know what to tell a 20-something to do right now,
    2:19:12 other than to be a fucking Sherpa or a guide
    2:19:14 or build some in-person analog experience.
    2:19:19 But I do know that there is this cultural hole
    2:19:22 where these young people today
    2:19:25 haven’t been given the chance to fuck up.
    2:19:25 They just can’t.
    2:19:28 There’s fucking, did you ever teepee a house Tim?
    2:19:30 – No, but I had my house teepeed.
    2:19:31 I had to deal with it.
    2:19:32 – Okay, like.
    2:19:35 – I did other, I did plenty of other stuff
    2:19:36 that got me in trouble, but no teepee.
    2:19:38 – Nobody gets to do that anymore
    2:19:39 ’cause they’re on a ring camera, man.
    2:19:41 Nobody gets to egg anything.
    2:19:42 And to go back to Mark Rober,
    2:19:45 he’s the one who built that fucking glitter fart bomb package.
    2:19:49 – When my one close friend finally got his license
    2:19:51 or it was probably driver’s permit.
    2:19:52 We shouldn’t have even been out
    2:19:55 ’cause I was a townie, right, on Eastern Long Island.
    2:19:56 – Yeah.
    2:19:57 – We had a lot of tension with the city people,
    2:19:58 as we would call it.
    2:20:00 So we would drive around
    2:20:03 and I had a like a wrist rocket, a slingshot.
    2:20:08 And we had, we just bought a huge bag of grapes
    2:20:10 and just went around not shooting at people,
    2:20:13 but like we’d shoot at things next to the people.
    2:20:16 And I’m not proud of that.
    2:20:19 We didn’t hurt anybody, but we got in a lot of trouble.
    2:20:22 We got in a good amount of trouble.
    2:20:23 – I think we got in lots of trouble,
    2:20:24 but I think we have a generation of kids
    2:20:26 who didn’t get a chance to get into any trouble.
    2:20:28 And I’m starting to believe more and more
    2:20:31 that trouble is actually one of those things
    2:20:34 that informs all the other things that we do.
    2:20:36 Like, did you ever talk somebody into getting you beer?
    2:20:39 – I talked somebody into getting me,
    2:20:42 it wasn’t really like for a party, some hard liquor.
    2:20:44 It wasn’t beer, I went straight to the hard stuff.
    2:20:45 But yeah.
    2:20:47 – Yeah, okay.
    2:20:47 Let me ask you a question.
    2:20:51 Did you ever have a party with your parents’ liquor
    2:20:53 and then pour a little bit of water back in the vodka
    2:20:54 to make it look like the level went back up?
    2:20:57 – No, I didn’t because my parents are hoarders
    2:20:58 and the house wouldn’t have worked.
    2:20:59 But I saw that done.
    2:21:01 I did plenty of other stuff too.
    2:21:04 And like things that are, like there’s no real victim, right?
    2:21:08 Like I remember, like I remember for instance,
    2:21:11 my elementary school, same friend who drove me around
    2:21:13 with the grapes and the slingshot.
    2:21:15 He was the tallest kid in the class.
    2:21:20 Also very smart, equally open to maybe deviant behavior.
    2:21:24 And at the elementary school,
    2:21:26 there was this huge wall where kids
    2:21:28 would just whack tennis balls back and forth.
    2:21:32 Kind of like racket ball, but long island style.
    2:21:34 And nobody knew what they were doing.
    2:21:36 So they would hit all the tennis balls
    2:21:38 up onto the roof eventually.
    2:21:39 This was like ’80s, right?
    2:21:42 There were all these amazingly cheesy ninja movies.
    2:21:44 And there was the, I think it was called
    2:21:47 the Asian world of martial arts catalog,
    2:21:51 which ships like completely dangerous grappling hooks
    2:21:54 and stuff from Philadelphia, I think it was.
    2:21:58 And so I had some kind of ninja tooling
    2:22:01 and we figured out a way with rope
    2:22:04 to get up on the school and then use garbage bags
    2:22:07 to like temporarily steal all of the tennis balls.
    2:22:10 And it turned into, I mean, for this small school,
    2:22:12 it was quite the scandal at the time.
    2:22:14 I mean, there was a manhunt.
    2:22:17 And then we returned the tennis balls at some point
    2:22:19 and all sins were forgiven or at least they stopped,
    2:22:22 they called off the hounds, but you know, stuff like that.
    2:22:24 – Yes, this is what I’m talking about.
    2:22:26 I feel like the statute of limitations
    2:22:29 has expired for most of these things,
    2:22:31 but they are formative.
    2:22:34 Hawkeye actually, previously known as Hawkeye,
    2:22:36 had a music store in Park City, Utah,
    2:22:39 where I was a resident and we were in business together.
    2:22:42 – Wait, where are you in business doing?
    2:22:43 – We had a few fun flams.
    2:22:45 So one of the things we did was,
    2:22:46 first of all, we had to build some community.
    2:22:48 So one of the things we did was like,
    2:22:50 we would sell you the Britney Spears album,
    2:22:52 but you had to sign your name and address
    2:22:54 hosted at the front desk,
    2:22:56 like almost like a sex offender registry,
    2:22:59 but it was like a Britney fire registry.
    2:23:02 And so that offends like one out of 10 people,
    2:23:04 but it builds community with 99 out of 100 people.
    2:23:06 And so, but one of the things we would do
    2:23:09 to make a little bit extra cash is,
    2:23:11 well, we had a body who was the postman.
    2:23:13 And so he would come into the store
    2:23:15 and he would say, hey, you know,
    2:23:16 there’s all these people signed up
    2:23:18 for that Columbia house shit.
    2:23:19 And then they move away.
    2:23:21 Park City was like a town full of transients
    2:23:23 and they’re like, so I get all these fucking CDs.
    2:23:25 Like, are they worth anything?
    2:23:27 And so we like scan the UPC symbols and we’re like,
    2:23:29 oh my God, they’re the same UPC symbols
    2:23:31 as the retail ones.
    2:23:33 So we would do a little trade, you know, like,
    2:23:34 hey, pick out something from the store
    2:23:36 and give us a bunch of those Christina Aguileras.
    2:23:38 And that helped us stock fewer CDs.
    2:23:40 But then we figured out,
    2:23:43 you could take them to Walmart and return them.
    2:23:48 So if we really needed drinking money,
    2:23:53 we would return like 25 Limp Bizkit CDs to Walmart.
    2:23:55 And they’d be like, what is this shit?
    2:23:57 And be like, oh, everyone at my birthday party
    2:24:00 thought it’d be so funny to buy me a fucking Limp Bizkit CD.
    2:24:04 And then you remember CDs weren’t cheap, right?
    2:24:06 So you do these things 20 or 25 at a time.
    2:24:08 And you’re like, I’m rich motherfucker, let’s go.
    2:24:11 And so we also did a thing where it was around the time
    2:24:13 that Napster started.
    2:24:15 And we realized like music stores weren’t for long.
    2:24:20 And so we did this thing where it was restocking fee,
    2:24:24 but we would let kids buy a CD, take it home,
    2:24:26 rip it presumably.
    2:24:27 I don’t know what they were doing
    2:24:29 in the price of their home.
    2:24:31 But if they returned the CD the next day,
    2:24:35 we would charge them a $3.50 restocking fee.
    2:24:36 So essentially what we were doing
    2:24:39 is reselling the same CD over and over again,
    2:24:40 keeping our margin.
    2:24:42 I’m sure the record company wouldn’t have loved it,
    2:24:44 but it was a very customer friendly policy.
    2:24:46 (laughing)
    2:24:48 But that’s what it took to keep a music store afloat.
    2:24:49 – In Park City.
    2:24:51 – In, you know, 2000, 2001 in Park City.
    2:24:54 – What’s the format of no permanent record?
    2:24:55 What do you hope it’s?
    2:24:57 – I don’t know, Tim.
    2:24:59 – Well, like what are you gonna do?
    2:25:01 – No, I’m having conversations with,
    2:25:03 I’m starting to have conversations with successful people
    2:25:08 where they talk about the small crimes and misdemeanors
    2:25:11 they committed, the parties they threw,
    2:25:13 the lies they told to their parents,
    2:25:15 the clubs they talked their way into,
    2:25:18 the fake IDs they made, everything along the way,
    2:25:22 the papers that they plagiarized, just everything they did,
    2:25:26 and how that actually built some sense of humanity,
    2:25:28 resilience, like the shit they got themselves into
    2:25:31 and the shit they got themselves out of.
    2:25:33 And like, if it ends up just being
    2:25:36 the last archeological record of what it was like
    2:25:38 when we were humans still,
    2:25:40 when we weren’t judged at every fucking moment,
    2:25:43 and I actually just feel like culturally it’s the right time
    2:25:46 because you do this two years ago and everyone’s like,
    2:25:47 fuck you, privileged assholes, other people.
    2:25:50 And I’m like, we’re over, we’re past privileged assholes.
    2:25:53 We’re just like, hey, that’s kind of fucking amazing.
    2:25:55 You were able to, you chalked IDs.
    2:25:57 And what I found is, is I tell more of these stories
    2:25:59 of like, without a fake ID in college,
    2:26:01 you had nowhere to go, right?
    2:26:02 So you needed one.
    2:26:05 So we would either make them by like doing some shit
    2:26:08 with some cool overlay contact paper,
    2:26:11 or we would find some fucking guy down in the deep city
    2:26:14 where you’d stand in front of a goddamn chalkboard
    2:26:16 of a huge ass driver’s license
    2:26:18 to pretend you were McLovin’, you know?
    2:26:21 Like, I mean, we would do all kinds of things
    2:26:23 when there was room to still cut some corners,
    2:26:24 take some liberties.
    2:26:25 – Let me rest up for a second.
    2:26:28 So I thought getting a fake ID would be a great idea.
    2:26:29 I don’t know how old I was.
    2:26:31 It was like 14 or something.
    2:26:35 And my buddy and I, same guy who was part
    2:26:37 of the other two fiascos,
    2:26:42 we decided to take a bus from Eastern Long Island,
    2:26:44 like three hours out to go into the city.
    2:26:48 Now, this isn’t like post Giuliani,
    2:26:51 post Bloomberg, like friendly New York city
    2:26:54 with like biking lanes through Times Square.
    2:26:59 This is like much prettier New York city.
    2:27:03 So we get there to go on this adventure
    2:27:07 and literally within hours, we are both conned and mugged.
    2:27:12 And like, within hours of getting there,
    2:27:15 our first time in New York city, basically.
    2:27:16 And then no cell phones, right?
    2:27:18 So we get separated.
    2:27:20 These two guys separate us to scam us,
    2:27:23 then proceed to like steal all the shit.
    2:27:24 Then we get separated.
    2:27:27 I go to the police station and I’m like,
    2:27:28 “My buddy, you might be dead.”
    2:27:30 And they’re like, “Where is he dead?”
    2:27:33 And I’m like, “This intersection.”
    2:27:35 And they’re like, “Yeah, that’s not our jurisdiction, pal.
    2:27:35 Good luck.”
    2:27:37 And I was like, “What?”
    2:27:39 First interaction with like asking police for help.
    2:27:41 I’m like, “Oh, that didn’t work out as I thought it would.”
    2:27:43 Then I had to take the buses home.
    2:27:45 Each of us thinking the other was dead.
    2:27:47 That was a real growth experience.
    2:27:48 It’s a learning opportunity.
    2:27:50 – Dude, I love it.
    2:27:51 – It’s not recommending.
    2:27:53 People do like the most reckless shit imaginable,
    2:27:54 but it’s like–
    2:27:56 – No, but maybe, but maybe.
    2:27:58 But maybe.
    2:27:59 The planet’s never been safer.
    2:28:00 Well, America’s never been safer.
    2:28:01 There are definitely places
    2:28:02 I wouldn’t want to hang out right now.
    2:28:06 But dude, I, God, what is that guy’s name?
    2:28:10 But I once went to a casino in Vegas.
    2:28:11 I was broke, was with my buddies.
    2:28:13 We were staying at the Sundowner.
    2:28:14 We split a room four ways.
    2:28:15 It was a trade, actually.
    2:28:19 I think somebody owed us money at the record store.
    2:28:20 And so we traded out, he had a buddy.
    2:28:23 We got a room at the Sundowner, okay?
    2:28:24 Rest in peace, Sundowner.
    2:28:26 And so, by the way, at one point
    2:28:28 while we were staying in that room,
    2:28:31 two queen beds, four guys, like my buddy nudges me.
    2:28:32 And I’m like, “What, dude?
    2:28:33 What?”
    2:28:34 Like, we’d been out all night.
    2:28:35 It’s probably two in the afternoon.
    2:28:37 I just, he’s like, “Bro, look, look.”
    2:28:38 I’m like, “What?”
    2:28:39 He’s like, “Look.”
    2:28:41 I looked down at the foot of the bed.
    2:28:44 At the foot of the bed is like a 12 to 14-year-old
    2:28:49 Southeast Asian kid standing there staring at us.
    2:28:53 He looked as scared as I did.
    2:28:55 And we were just like, “What, is he here for our kidneys?
    2:28:57 What is he fucking doing?
    2:28:58 Oh my God.”
    2:28:59 And we were frozen.
    2:29:00 And my buddy was not small.
    2:29:03 Like, we were in every position to like,
    2:29:04 but we were just absolutely frozen.
    2:29:06 Like, what is happening here?
    2:29:09 And eventually the kid ran out and we called down
    2:29:11 and apparently he had a key card that also worked
    2:29:13 in our door and went into the wrong room.
    2:29:15 There was some innocent explanation for it.
    2:29:16 Yeah, sure.
    2:29:18 We still think he was maybe there for some organs,
    2:29:21 but either way, like that night we’re out.
    2:29:23 We find ourselves at Hera’s.
    2:29:25 A buddy says, “Hey, let’s go get our shoes shined.”
    2:29:26 What do you say?
    2:29:28 So we go over the shoe shine and we’re there
    2:29:30 and there’s a fucking pimp over there.
    2:29:34 I mean, full on like player’s ball situation.
    2:29:37 And he’s got suede hush puppies on.
    2:29:40 So there’s no reason he should be at the fucking shoe shine.
    2:29:42 But we start talking to this guy.
    2:29:43 I’m embarrassed.
    2:29:43 I can’t remember his name.
    2:29:45 I got to ask my buddy immediately after wrapping this,
    2:29:47 but we start talking shit.
    2:29:49 And you know, and I consider myself pretty good
    2:29:51 at Rochambeau, rock, paper, scissors.
    2:29:53 You know, I consider myself above average.
    2:29:55 Like I, it’s a talent I’ve honed over time.
    2:29:56 It is not a game of luck.
    2:29:58 It is a game of skill.
    2:30:01 And so I challenged this guy to a little Rochambeau.
    2:30:04 And I remember the stakes were, if I win,
    2:30:06 we get to hang out with you tonight.
    2:30:09 So I beat the guy in Rochambeau.
    2:30:11 I mean, it was that I, that wasn’t even a question.
    2:30:13 So I thought this would be fucking great.
    2:30:15 Well, in an ethnography, we get to go hang out
    2:30:17 with this fucking pimp.
    2:30:21 But we found ourselves in some fucking hot water that night.
    2:30:24 I mean, this is pre the hangover movie.
    2:30:26 We were in a couple of situations.
    2:30:31 I, those were formative experiences.
    2:30:37 I feel like kids these days haven’t been in danger.
    2:30:38 They haven’t been in situations like,
    2:30:40 how the fuck did we get out of this one?
    2:30:42 They haven’t regretted anything.
    2:30:45 They haven’t bullshitted their way in or out.
    2:30:47 I feel like no one’s gotten a chance to sell anything.
    2:30:49 Almost everyone I know who’s been a successful entrepreneur
    2:30:50 sold something.
    2:30:52 – For sure.
    2:30:54 – Whether it was candy in school or door to door,
    2:30:55 or they sold something.
    2:30:58 And sometimes that just meant they worked in a foot locker,
    2:30:59 or they worked in a radio shack,
    2:31:01 or they worked in a computer store and sold software.
    2:31:04 But almost all of them know how to sell something.
    2:31:06 And I feel like the insight of that comes from sales.
    2:31:08 But a lot of those sales were shady.
    2:31:10 You know, like, how do you mark it up?
    2:31:11 How do you sell those?
    2:31:15 I remember we had a cable guy in Washington, D.C.
    2:31:16 named Lucky.
    2:31:17 – The guy who would trick out your box?
    2:31:18 Like the black box?
    2:31:20 – Yes, yes.
    2:31:22 And then he came back and stole everything in our house,
    2:31:26 but we didn’t realize that Lucky’s assistant
    2:31:27 was casing everything.
    2:31:28 – Lucky for Lucky.
    2:31:33 – Yes, but I need more stories like that in my life.
    2:31:36 If we really are going down in flames,
    2:31:38 I want to record for posterity,
    2:31:41 all the banged up shit we did that informed who we were.
    2:31:43 And like after hanging out with high school buddies
    2:31:45 this weekend, I just reminded of how important that is,
    2:31:47 the bonds that come from that.
    2:31:49 You and I have a mutual buddy, I won’t say,
    2:31:50 ’cause I don’t know if he said this out loud,
    2:31:54 but he and his wife, their 11th grade daughter
    2:31:56 came home buzzed like a month ago.
    2:31:59 And she was trying to sneak up and they kind of were like,
    2:32:00 “Are you been drinking?”
    2:32:02 And she’s like, “Oh, in there.”
    2:32:03 He couldn’t help himself,
    2:32:05 but the words that came out of his mouth were like,
    2:32:06 “Thank God.”
    2:32:08 And she’s like, “What?”
    2:32:11 And the mom was like, “Oh, whew, what a relief.”
    2:32:13 And the girl was so like, “What are you talking about?”
    2:32:16 They’re like, “We just thought you’d never do it.”
    2:32:18 Like we thought you’d never fucking try it.
    2:32:20 It was such a mind fuck for them.
    2:32:22 I just worry, I mean, Crystal,
    2:32:26 my wife whose GPA was 0.02 points higher than mine
    2:32:28 in the same academic program at Georgetown,
    2:32:30 but Crystal would get all her schoolwork done
    2:32:31 and then go rave.
    2:32:36 And I mean, the hardcore DC and Baltimore rave scene rave.
    2:32:37 And we’d just get out there and be like,
    2:32:39 “I’ve been in some situations.
    2:32:41 I’ve been in some rooms where I’m like, holy fuck.
    2:32:43 We better get out of here before shit gets out
    2:32:45 or before the cops show up.”
    2:32:47 But even in high school, she lived on a compound.
    2:32:49 She would crush her academics
    2:32:52 and then she would literally crawl out of the window,
    2:32:55 sneak past the embassy compound guards,
    2:32:56 get in a cab at midnight,
    2:32:58 and go party with her friends in Delhi,
    2:33:01 and then sneak her way back onto an American embassy compound
    2:33:04 without Marines noticing her.
    2:33:05 That’s fucking rad.
    2:33:07 You know, like that’s part of what makes Crystal
    2:33:09 so fucking awesome right now.
    2:33:12 And I need to memorialize these things
    2:33:14 for the benefit of humanity.
    2:33:17 Before we’re all obviated, like these kids
    2:33:19 who have these incredible GPAs and this test taking,
    2:33:21 I think it might be useless.
    2:33:24 I think they might have optimized for useless skills.
    2:33:26 And I think the only thing that might keep us going
    2:33:28 is that randomness, that unpredictability,
    2:33:30 those flaws, those fuck ups,
    2:33:32 the things that make us banged up,
    2:33:33 the things where we make bad decisions
    2:33:36 where we’re self-indulgent, where we have bad.
    2:33:38 Like, I’m lucky that I have all daughters,
    2:33:40 but when they invite boys over the house,
    2:33:44 I watch boys make bad decisions repeatedly.
    2:33:45 And at first I was like, wait,
    2:33:47 why is the patriarchy a thing
    2:33:49 when I watch them be so fucking stupid
    2:33:51 and take so many dumb risks?
    2:33:53 I’m like, of course you were gonna get hurt
    2:33:54 when you jumped off that thing.
    2:33:57 What in your head thought you weren’t going to?
    2:33:59 Of course that was gonna break.
    2:34:00 And then I started realizing,
    2:34:03 you know why we have a fucking patriarchy?
    2:34:05 Because that randomness is something
    2:34:07 that no one knows how to count on.
    2:34:09 I’ve had to teach our team,
    2:34:11 the number one thing you can be in this business
    2:34:12 is unpredictable.
    2:34:15 Feed into the fact, I am known as mercurial,
    2:34:18 I burn bridges, I will not hesitate to fucking fight you.
    2:34:21 I wear the stupid shirts, I don’t give a shit about much.
    2:34:23 I’ve been known to just light it on fire.
    2:34:24 And guess what?
    2:34:27 People take me seriously as a result.
    2:34:29 I haven’t backed down from all those fucking character flaws
    2:34:32 I have that are very self-destructive.
    2:34:36 But I am all gas, no fucking breaks, as you know.
    2:34:38 Although in our line, we call it no gas, no breaks.
    2:34:41 But we need to cultivate more of that
    2:34:43 if we have any hope as a fucking species.
    2:34:45 We just need to, I’m sorry.
    2:34:47 That’s where I dropped the fucking mic.
    2:34:49 So that’s no permanent record.
    2:34:52 Tim Ferriss, you are going to be one of the very first guests
    2:34:54 and we’re gonna go deep into all your hijinks,
    2:34:56 all your fucking skeletons.
    2:34:57 – I’m open.
    2:34:59 – No felonies, the main rule is no felonies.
    2:35:00 – Yeah, no felonies, I’m clear there.
    2:35:01 – Yeah.
    2:35:04 I mean, if you have murders, I worry.
    2:35:05 – Oh, that time.
    2:35:08 Mass grave is one of the things.
    2:35:09 – There’s just a viable homicide.
    2:35:10 – Should use more lies.
    2:35:13 – There’s just a viable homicide, but no, hijinks,
    2:35:17 hijinks, flim flams, like bamboozling, you know?
    2:35:19 – That’s gotta be in your intro when you’re like,
    2:35:20 welcome to no permanent record.
    2:35:21 – Little razzle dazzle.
    2:35:24 – Where the flim flams bamboozling has a home.
    2:35:26 – Yes, do you know any card tricks?
    2:35:29 – I used to know quite a few card tricks.
    2:35:32 I’ve let that atrophy, so I don’t anymore.
    2:35:34 – Our kids are good at card tricks, it’s important.
    2:35:37 And we have, I have rigged decks and stuff.
    2:35:38 I think it’s important to know
    2:35:39 how to do some fucking magic tricks.
    2:35:41 ‘Cause magic is storytelling.
    2:35:42 It is deceit.
    2:35:44 It is understanding to look for the angles.
    2:35:45 I love that.
    2:35:46 I love when kids know riddles.
    2:35:49 I love when they have barbettes that are impossible.
    2:35:51 I think everyone should be able to tell a good joke.
    2:35:55 You talking about, I’m back to like my syllabus, you know?
    2:35:56 Of how to fucking survive.
    2:35:58 It’s not just like the survivalist
    2:36:03 of what’s in your go bag and how to handle a 30 round mag
    2:36:05 and how to dress your own meat and shit.
    2:36:06 It’s like, how do you actually tell a story?
    2:36:08 How do you make somebody who has no reason
    2:36:09 to like you make you?
    2:36:13 – The semester finale for your seminars,
    2:36:16 people have to get up and do a two to five minute comedy set
    2:36:17 or something like that.
    2:36:19 (laughing)
    2:36:20 That’s the final exam.
    2:36:23 – In front of a bunch of people in MAGA hats.
    2:36:25 Yeah, I’m gonna find the worst fucking hecklers.
    2:36:27 – Or whatever your nightmare audience is.
    2:36:29 It could be a bunch of ultra lefts.
    2:36:30 – Yeah.
    2:36:30 – Libs or whatever.
    2:36:32 – Yeah.
    2:36:35 You model who’s actually on stage and like, here we go.
    2:36:36 These are not your people.
    2:36:38 I mean, that’s one of the things is right now
    2:36:39 we all get to choose who we hang out with
    2:36:42 and the internet has allowed us to hang out
    2:36:44 with people who are just like us
    2:36:45 and nobody hangs out with people
    2:36:46 who aren’t like them anymore.
    2:36:47 And that blames me out.
    2:36:52 – Which by the way, even if you want to hang out
    2:36:54 with people who are unlike you
    2:36:57 by virtue of the customized feed
    2:37:01 and sort of algorithmically tailored servings,
    2:37:04 it’s very hard even if you try.
    2:37:06 And if you do try and you’re like,
    2:37:08 I want to take a sampling of this.
    2:37:13 We’re in a couple of, well, one group thread in particular
    2:37:16 where I take great pleasure in fucking up people’s feeds
    2:37:19 because I’ll send, you know, whatever.
    2:37:20 – Oh yeah.
    2:37:23 – A video of some like gorgeous chick doing squats
    2:37:24 that are very suggestive.
    2:37:27 And that’s her entire account on Instagram.
    2:37:29 And before you know it, like you send that to somebody
    2:37:30 and you’ve just dropped like a cherry bomb
    2:37:34 into their algorithm and then that’s 90% of what they see.
    2:37:38 – So it’s very hard to actually live in multiple worlds.
    2:37:40 You are going to get painted into a corner
    2:37:43 because that’s how advertising is sold against you.
    2:37:45 – But in real life, that’s happening.
    2:37:47 And that’s why I am hopeful for the resurgence
    2:37:49 of the rest of America.
    2:37:51 You know, Steve Case was on the rise of the rest
    2:37:53 and JD Vance bless him and his weird path,
    2:37:55 but he was onto that early too.
    2:37:57 You know, 82% of the money from the IRA,
    2:38:01 the big Biden climate bill went to red districts.
    2:38:02 It’s the green little secret.
    2:38:04 There are more clean energy jobs in Texas
    2:38:06 than there are oil and gas jobs.
    2:38:08 The Republicans green little secret.
    2:38:09 But that’s just the reality
    2:38:11 ’cause it’s good fucking business.
    2:38:12 If you want to work with good people
    2:38:14 who know the tools, who know the engineering,
    2:38:15 that’s where they are.
    2:38:17 They’re in the heartland.
    2:38:19 And I really do hope we are going to see the resurgence
    2:38:21 of some of those communities.
    2:38:23 Because for me, raising kids in a community like that
    2:38:27 is like going back in time where we know our neighbors,
    2:38:28 we know our kids are safe.
    2:38:31 I love hearing the stories of my kids friends
    2:38:32 who just, they work for a living.
    2:38:34 They do really incredible shit.
    2:38:36 By the way, it’s funny how a few people
    2:38:37 know anything about me.
    2:38:41 I got invited to do a shark tank panel
    2:38:43 judging for like elementary school
    2:38:44 entrepreneurial business plan class.
    2:38:45 You know, they were just fucking around.
    2:38:47 They had product ideas.
    2:38:49 And one of the kids walked in and was like,
    2:38:52 oh my God, you’ve got a real shark.
    2:38:54 And the like the superintendent and the principal
    2:38:55 who put the whole thing together,
    2:38:55 like what are you talking about?
    2:38:57 And they’re like, he’s a shark from Shark Tank.
    2:39:00 And they’re like, oh, we just needed some dads.
    2:39:02 We only had moms volunteer.
    2:39:04 So we sent out a note for dads.
    2:39:06 I actually thought, I thought they were like,
    2:39:08 it was specifically targeting me.
    2:39:09 Nobody had any fucking idea.
    2:39:11 So it was amazing.
    2:39:14 Like I’m in like, I’m in camouflage here.
    2:39:16 I go out in a t-shirt and glasses
    2:39:17 instead of a cowboy shirt and no glasses,
    2:39:18 I’m camouflage.
    2:39:19 I love it.
    2:39:20 – All right, Kristoff.
    2:39:23 We’re coming in on just over three hours now.
    2:39:26 – Tim, I gotta just say something though, bro.
    2:39:27 I’m worried about you.
    2:39:29 – You’re worried about me.
    2:39:31 – Yeah, I’m worried about this podcast.
    2:39:34 There’s been no like toxic masculinity.
    2:39:37 We didn’t talk about testosterone and where it’s been.
    2:39:39 There was like very little hatred
    2:39:44 and there was just very little like incendiary content.
    2:39:46 I didn’t hear any conspiracy theories.
    2:39:51 No pseudoscience, no like political opportunism.
    2:39:52 I mean, you’re just like this whole like-
    2:39:54 – Leaving a lot on the table.
    2:39:56 – Let’s get some valuable and actionable content,
    2:39:58 inspiration for young people and people are like,
    2:39:59 what is this shit?
    2:40:03 You should be baiting outrage, contriving virality, man.
    2:40:04 I mean, do we even know how to podcast, bro?
    2:40:05 – I know.
    2:40:06 I sometimes want to do the same thing.
    2:40:09 And you will notice this is the first time I’ve had,
    2:40:11 it only took me whatever, almost 800 episodes
    2:40:15 to get a reasonably professional looking mic set up for these-
    2:40:16 – Look at that.
    2:40:21 I hope whatever those labels are responding to you.
    2:40:22 – You can’t take them off.
    2:40:24 Which is hilarious.
    2:40:26 – By the way, I can’t believe you didn’t ask me
    2:40:27 for a book list.
    2:40:28 You’re ready, book list.
    2:40:29 – Well, I did for your syllabus,
    2:40:31 but you dodged and gave me poetry.
    2:40:32 – Yeah.
    2:40:32 Okay.
    2:40:35 “Anxious Generation and Coddling of the American Mind.”
    2:40:37 And “Generations” by Gene Twenge,
    2:40:38 who works at Jonathan Height,
    2:40:40 was informed me more about our generation,
    2:40:42 as well as how to work with other people.
    2:40:44 There’s no agenda to that book, but it’s powerful.
    2:40:46 The “Coming Wave” by Suleyman, I think is,
    2:40:49 does the most even-handed job of assessing the future of AI,
    2:40:52 particularly by someone in the business.
    2:40:53 End of the world is just the beginning.
    2:40:54 Do you know that guy?
    2:40:56 Peter, he’s a fucking maniac.
    2:40:57 I think it’s just provocative.
    2:41:00 He also does these really fun little YouTube updates
    2:41:01 from “Hikes” and like-
    2:41:03 – End of the world is just the beginning.
    2:41:04 – It’s just the beginning.
    2:41:05 What’s his name?
    2:41:06 It starts with a Z as last name.
    2:41:09 – Peter Zahan, that looks like.
    2:41:10 – Yeah, yeah, exactly.
    2:41:10 Thanks.
    2:41:14 I love Van Neistat’s book report on the fourth turning.
    2:41:16 It’s just thought-provoking again.
    2:41:19 “Homegrown,” a book by Geoffrey Tubin about Tim McVeigh,
    2:41:21 is I think a canary in a coal mine book.
    2:41:22 Tim McVeigh was from my hometown.
    2:41:24 – No shit, didn’t know that.
    2:41:26 – His mom was our travel agent.
    2:41:28 His sister worked at Wendy’s.
    2:41:29 He bought his ammo at the same place
    2:41:31 where we bought our fishing supplies.
    2:41:34 But that book explains what happens
    2:41:36 when the factory closes down
    2:41:38 and people become radicalized.
    2:41:39 I encourage people to read it.
    2:41:40 The thing that people don’t know about Tim McVeigh
    2:41:42 is he had a photographic memory.
    2:41:46 There were 671 boxes of evidence at his trial
    2:41:49 that were all him reciting every single person
    2:41:51 he ever spoke into, every meeting he had.
    2:41:52 He knew everything.
    2:41:54 So there’s no mystery about his story.
    2:41:56 “Stolen Focus” by Jonathan Herrara.
    2:41:57 You know that one?
    2:41:58 Just amazing.
    2:41:59 I think it’s like the best digital detox.
    2:42:00 – “Stolen Focus.”
    2:42:03 Oh, this one, I have not read that one.
    2:42:07 I think he wrote “Chasing the Ghost.”
    2:42:09 I might be misquoting.
    2:42:10 – Yeah, maybe.
    2:42:11 “Meditation for Moradels” is a great one.
    2:42:13 – Oliver Berkman?
    2:42:14 Yeah, he’s great.
    2:42:15 – Yeah, so good.
    2:42:17 Psychology Money, we mentioned.
    2:42:20 The best piece of fiction I’ve read recently
    2:42:24 is “Rejection” by Tony, can’t say his last name.
    2:42:25 (speaks in foreign language)
    2:42:26 – Wait, what was the name again?
    2:42:27 – It’s amazing.
    2:42:31 It’s called “Rejection” by Tony T.
    2:42:33 – Tony, Tony T.
    2:42:35 Tony Tula in Ruta. – You’ll see what I mean.
    2:42:37 – Something like that.
    2:42:38 – Thank you. – Wow, that’s a long one.
    2:42:40 – Yeah, that is, it’ll put some people
    2:42:42 out of their comfort zone for sure.
    2:42:45 That guy has his finger on culture and linguistics
    2:42:47 more than anything I’ve read recently.
    2:42:49 You know, I’ve shared that with other author friends
    2:42:51 who were like, “Fuck.”
    2:42:53 Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
    2:42:54 The Avery is great fiction.
    2:42:56 Did you listen to McConaughey’s autobiography?
    2:42:57 – I listened to some of it.
    2:42:59 I had him on the podcast years ago to talk about it,
    2:43:01 which was amazing.
    2:43:03 And I misquoted just briefly,
    2:43:05 Johann Hari’s book, “Chasing the Scream”
    2:43:07 and “Lost Connections.”
    2:43:09 “Lost Connections” is the one I read in full,
    2:43:10 which I thought was great.
    2:43:11 That’s about isolation, loneliness,
    2:43:14 and things to do about it in a modern world.
    2:43:15 I thought that was very well done.
    2:43:18 Still in focus is the one that you were talking about.
    2:43:19 – Yeah, it’s so good, dude.
    2:43:20 It was given to us as a gift
    2:43:23 and it really changed our media diet, for sure,
    2:43:24 and our online diet.
    2:43:26 I try and read everything John Ronson does
    2:43:27 and listen to it.
    2:43:28 By the way, I was just gonna say,
    2:43:29 “Matthew McConaughey’s audiobook.”
    2:43:31 You can’t read it, you gotta listen to it.
    2:43:34 And so the Avery, I love fucking Eggers,
    2:43:37 but the Avery seems to be increasingly prophetic right now.
    2:43:41 Robin Sloan’s fiction, “Moonbound” and “Panumra” are great.
    2:43:42 Do you watch “Silent”?
    2:43:42 Do you read the “Wolf” series?
    2:43:45 – So I’m gonna admit that I haven’t.
    2:43:47 I do know Hugh and he’s amazing,
    2:43:49 but I have not yet delved into that
    2:43:52 because I know that I’ll want to consume all of it.
    2:43:53 – I knew you guys knew each other
    2:43:55 from like Arctic Adventures too and shit, right?
    2:43:56 And like Iceland and shit.
    2:43:58 – We spent time in Japan and elsewhere.
    2:44:00 He was on the podcast a while back.
    2:44:03 He’s such an incredible experimentalist and innovator
    2:44:06 when it comes to publishing also.
    2:44:07 Really, really impressive.
    2:44:09 – Yeah, he wrote those things
    2:44:11 and just threw them up there, right?
    2:44:15 – He’s one of the most thoughtful, unafraid lateral thinkers
    2:44:17 in writing and publishing that I’ve met.
    2:44:18 He’s a smart guy.
    2:44:20 – I even read the “Wolf” series
    2:44:22 after watching the first season of “Silo.”
    2:44:24 I fucking love it.
    2:44:24 I think it’s great.
    2:44:26 I think it’s prophetic and amazing.
    2:44:28 And then I mentioned Kelly Corrigan.
    2:44:30 I just think that’s grounding human shit.
    2:44:33 I think Kelly Corrigan has her, she has a podcast too,
    2:44:34 but I love her books.
    2:44:38 I think talking about relationships, kids dying,
    2:44:42 but in a way that is just like self-deprecating, real America.
    2:44:43 It’s just like an antidote,
    2:44:47 particularly for your tech-heavy, seriously online audience.
    2:44:48 I think that’s great.
    2:44:49 You want a kid’s book?
    2:44:51 It’s the Pirates series,
    2:44:53 the Pirates in an Adventure with communists,
    2:44:55 the Pirates in an Adventure with Darwin.
    2:44:56 Those books are so fucking good.
    2:44:59 You’ll laugh at them even as you read them to children.
    2:45:00 – I feel like you’ve got more.
    2:45:03 I know, I feel like you have more on offer.
    2:45:06 You got anything else locked and loaded there?
    2:45:07 – Yeah, my $100 purchase.
    2:45:09 – Yeah, what’s your $100 purchase?
    2:45:10 – You know what are amazing?
    2:45:12 Have you ever written on stone paper
    2:45:14 these notebooks by Karst?
    2:45:16 Do you know these things?
    2:45:18 It’s actually, it’s stone.
    2:45:19 And there’s no more enjoyable experience
    2:45:20 than writing on stone.
    2:45:22 So karststonepaper.com.
    2:45:24 I don’t own it or anything like that,
    2:45:25 but I highly recommend it.
    2:45:27 – Is it just the hand feel?
    2:45:31 Is it just the actual tactile sensation
    2:45:32 of writing on it?
    2:45:34 – Yeah, oh, and how the pen moves across.
    2:45:39 Oh, yes, it’s sensual, sensuous, sensual.
    2:45:40 It’s pretty special.
    2:45:42 And you know, I’ll say two other things.
    2:45:45 One, Dola Dira, it’s my favorite booze right now.
    2:45:48 It’s an all-natural compari and apparel substitute
    2:45:50 with none of the bullshit in it.
    2:45:51 None of the fake dies.
    2:45:51 – What was it called?
    2:45:53 Dora the Explorer?
    2:45:54 No.
    2:45:57 – Dola Dora D-O-L-A-D-I-R-A.
    2:45:58 You know who makes it?
    2:45:59 Richard Betts and Joe Marchese.
    2:46:00 – Oh, really?
    2:46:01 Awesome.
    2:46:02 – Yeah, your homies.
    2:46:03 The Como Stakela guys.
    2:46:06 Como is the highest-rated tequila in the land right now.
    2:46:11 Okay, my number one purchase under $100 that I stand by.
    2:46:15 I’ve cited it before, and it just happened again.
    2:46:17 I never show up at a party without mullet wigs.
    2:46:20 They change fucking everything.
    2:46:23 I was just at a New Year’s Eve party
    2:46:25 and I showed up at the mullet wigs
    2:46:27 and it just broke everyone to pieces.
    2:46:28 It was amazing.
    2:46:30 The most stayed fucking guys.
    2:46:32 Dude, multiple guys were like,
    2:46:33 “Can I take this home?”
    2:46:35 Because my wife thinks I’m hot in it.
    2:46:39 And so mullet wigs change everything.
    2:46:44 And so Amazon will get some dog-to-bounty hunter style ones,
    2:46:47 get some ones with the built-in Willie Nelson,
    2:46:49 American flag bandana,
    2:46:51 get some curly Bob Ross ones in there
    2:46:53 just to shake it up a little bit.
    2:46:57 You can throw in a Neo punk white ’80s hair wig,
    2:46:59 but just fucking wigs.
    2:47:00 They next level everything.
    2:47:03 I’m here 10 years later, Tim,
    2:47:04 to tell you that that still holds up.
    2:47:07 – Durable mullet wigs.
    2:47:08 – Oh, God, yes.
    2:47:10 (laughing)
    2:47:11 Next time, 10 years from now,
    2:47:13 we’ll talk about best playlist on Spotify
    2:47:15 that has been curated by AI
    2:47:18 and fed directly into our brain ships.
    2:47:19 – Okay, next time.
    2:47:21 Right, most commonly search terms on foreign hub.
    2:47:22 Next time.
    2:47:25 – When my agent is talking to your agent,
    2:47:27 ain’t nobody got time for this.
    2:47:27 Bro, I miss you.
    2:47:29 I hope to see you in Texas really soon.
    2:47:30 – I miss you too, man.
    2:47:31 We are gonna see each other in Texas.
    2:47:33 – Hey, by the way, have you ever been to Wyoming?
    2:47:35 – There’s a great ranch for sale.
    2:47:39 There is a ranch, it’s incredible, five pounds ranch.
    2:47:41 It’s an incredible place.
    2:47:44 The fishing is abundant, tricked out the barn.
    2:47:47 I used to work from there, fun, you can host.
    2:47:47 It’s an event spot.
    2:47:49 I mean, if you really wanna go
    2:47:50 and if you care about skiing,
    2:47:52 backcountry skiing, it’s right there.
    2:47:53 Just in case.
    2:47:54 – Plop some Bitcoin mining servers in the barn.
    2:47:56 Worst case scenario,
    2:47:58 it’s gotta be a lot of good ventilation.
    2:48:01 (laughing)
    2:48:03 – Dude, you’re amazing.
    2:48:04 Thank you for doing this, dude.
    2:48:05 It’s been a long time.
    2:48:06 – Yeah, it has been a long time, man.
    2:48:07 It’s great to see you.
    2:48:08 Fam’s good.
    2:48:10 – Family’s great.
    2:48:12 Tim, I need to get you on that train.
    2:48:13 – I know, I know.
    2:48:15 It’s not for lack of trying,
    2:48:18 although some of my audience have become very, very adamant
    2:48:20 and even aggressive with me
    2:48:22 about my lack of producing kids at this point.
    2:48:24 And I’m like, well, look, why don’t you walk a mile
    2:48:26 in my shoes and then show me how easy it is?
    2:48:29 Let’s see what that looks like.
    2:48:30 – Yeah, but that’s the thing, dude.
    2:48:32 You just put on different shoes.
    2:48:34 And sometimes there’s like a little bit of puke
    2:48:35 in them or something like that.
    2:48:37 Or like, okay, really quick story.
    2:48:38 You ready?
    2:48:40 It’s kid and shoe related.
    2:48:44 We have a good friend here who’s an OBGYN.
    2:48:45 She’s hilarious.
    2:48:46 I’m not gonna give her name,
    2:48:49 but she’s a local and we love her to death.
    2:48:50 Smart, hilarious.
    2:48:52 She was telling a story about how,
    2:48:53 you know, she’s an OBGYN.
    2:48:54 She got the page in the middle of the night.
    2:48:56 You gotta go deliver the baby.
    2:48:58 So she climbs out of bed,
    2:49:00 kiss her husband goodbye, throws on some crocs,
    2:49:02 goes out to the hospital.
    2:49:05 And the delivery, like, you know, she stitches the gal up.
    2:49:06 There’s some blood, et cetera.
    2:49:08 And the nurse says,
    2:49:10 “Hey, let me clean up those crocs for you.”
    2:49:14 And so she pulls the crocs off and she holds them up.
    2:49:16 Both in front of the doctor, the nurse is holding them up
    2:49:20 and in front of the woman who just gave birth.
    2:49:22 And on them, you know, those like jewels, you know,
    2:49:23 like you can spell shit out.
    2:49:24 – Yeah.
    2:49:26 – It says, “D’s nuts.”
    2:49:28 (laughing)
    2:49:30 Because they belong to her 13 year old son.
    2:49:32 (laughing)
    2:49:37 She didn’t realize that she was walking out of house.
    2:49:39 When she walked out with the D’s nuts crocs on.
    2:49:44 Oh, that goes in your next screenplay, I think.
    2:49:45 – Oh my gosh.
    2:49:48 That is just, you can’t write shit like that, like so.
    2:49:51 Anyway, Tim, it is really like,
    2:49:53 people talk all these platitudes about it and stuff.
    2:49:55 And all the honesty, it wasn’t like the day,
    2:49:57 a lot of people talk about the magic
    2:49:59 that your kid comes out, like my life changed forever.
    2:50:00 I didn’t always feel that.
    2:50:02 I was like, oh shit, I gotta like do some shit
    2:50:05 and take care of Crystal and there’s poo everywhere now
    2:50:07 and somebody’s crying and I haven’t slept in a while.
    2:50:10 But as time goes on, you know,
    2:50:11 our kids went to camp this summer
    2:50:13 and Crystal and I at first were like,
    2:50:14 “Hey, empty nesters, let’s party.”
    2:50:15 And we did.
    2:50:17 But at the same time, we’re like,
    2:50:19 fuck, we miss our best friends, man.
    2:50:23 We’ve got three incredible kids who are our besties.
    2:50:25 And I understand that mixed emotion of like,
    2:50:26 when the kids go off to college,
    2:50:27 I see this happening with a lot of our friends
    2:50:29 who had kids before we did.
    2:50:30 That like both relief of like,
    2:50:32 “All right, we can go travel and shit like that now.”
    2:50:35 But on the other hand, like, it’s kind of lonely.
    2:50:37 You know, like, these kids are fucking great.
    2:50:38 I love it.
    2:50:40 We really entertain each other
    2:50:42 and I’ve loved being on that journey with them.
    2:50:45 And so I really do hope we can get you on that program.
    2:50:47 – Oh yeah, I mean, that’s the intention.
    2:50:49 – Okay.
    2:50:50 Can I tell the quick story from that dinner party
    2:50:52 without mentioning the name of the person?
    2:50:54 (laughing)
    2:50:55 – Yeah, sure.
    2:50:56 – Okay.
    2:51:01 All right, so this, your audience needs to know this too.
    2:51:04 So Crystal and I are hosting a dinner in New York City.
    2:51:06 We don’t get there that often,
    2:51:09 but we love to bring like close friends together.
    2:51:12 Again, ruthless about the invites, no plus ones.
    2:51:14 We just know that if you’re coming to dinner,
    2:51:15 everyone’s gonna be awesome.
    2:51:17 So there’s no seating chart.
    2:51:20 We did see you next to this person intentionally though.
    2:51:25 This is a famous actress who is single.
    2:51:28 I mean, absolute smoke show.
    2:51:30 And within Tim’s league,
    2:51:34 and not entirely disinterested in Tim, like up for it.
    2:51:37 You know, like open, open to the concept.
    2:51:39 We’d kind of, you know, till the soil.
    2:51:41 I wouldn’t say we planted the seed, but we’d till the soil.
    2:51:44 It was on the table, like household name.
    2:51:46 So we sit them next to each other.
    2:51:47 Things are going great.
    2:51:49 The meal is wonderful.
    2:51:50 The wine is great.
    2:51:51 The conversation is stimulating.
    2:51:55 Tim is a great person to have at a dinner conversation.
    2:51:56 He can talk about anything.
    2:51:59 He’s genuinely interested in other people.
    2:52:01 He likes to ask questions, not because it’s for a podcast,
    2:52:03 but because he likes to learn from anybody.
    2:52:06 And he realizes that any single person you talk to
    2:52:08 has a story, give them a chance to tell it.
    2:52:10 So things are going really well.
    2:52:13 We’re starting to talk about meaningful shit.
    2:52:17 And at one point she says, “Hey, Tim,
    2:52:19 when do you feel most present?”
    2:52:22 – No, there’s one piece of information that’s missing here,
    2:52:25 which is her dietary preferences.
    2:52:27 Yeah.
    2:52:29 – I didn’t know if that would make her too identifiable.
    2:52:31 So, but she’s vegan.
    2:52:33 She’s well known as vegan.
    2:52:36 Tim knows she’s vegan, animal rights type person,
    2:52:38 but not like rub it in your face vegan.
    2:52:39 There’s plenty of meat on the table.
    2:52:41 She’s fine with it all being there.
    2:52:44 But she goes, “Tim, when do you feel most present?”
    2:52:46 Like that’s how much you guys were vibing.
    2:52:47 That’s how well it was going.
    2:52:50 – We’re also, this is at a point in the meal
    2:52:52 where it’s sort of like a Jeffersonian situation.
    2:52:54 So there’s a lot of silence at this point.
    2:52:56 – Yes, yes, we are all paying attention.
    2:52:57 That’s right, that’s right.
    2:52:58 It’s a small table.
    2:53:00 There’s 12 people at this table.
    2:53:03 And tiny, tiny place where it’s ZZ’s clam bar in New York.
    2:53:06 Tiny one room spot, two seat bar,
    2:53:07 but we’re at a table for 12.
    2:53:10 And we’re elbow to elbow, eating incredible food.
    2:53:12 And there’s vibe, there’s energy there.
    2:53:15 And I mean, Tim’s like a fucking magnet, right?
    2:53:20 And so she says, “Tim, when do you feel most present?”
    2:53:24 And Tim, what did you say without even having to inhale,
    2:53:25 without even having to take a breath?
    2:53:29 – I said, “When I’m having sex, doing psychedelics
    2:53:31 “or hunting, those were the three.”
    2:53:34 (Tim laughs)
    2:53:37 And no sooner had the last syllable been uttered
    2:53:41 than Chris, who’s like eight feet away.
    2:53:44 And he’s had a few drinks, just goes, “Oh my God!”
    2:53:46 And puts his head in his hands.
    2:53:48 (Tim laughs)
    2:53:53 Never, I had never seen a ticket
    2:53:57 go up in flames faster than that.
    2:54:00 That was the most combustible element in the universe
    2:54:05 at that moment, was your chance to be with that woman.
    2:54:06 That was fucking fascinating.
    2:54:08 She did raise her glass for the record.
    2:54:10 She did raise her glass and she was you for your–
    2:54:12 – She’s a great sport.
    2:54:14 – For your self-awareness, candor and authenticity.
    2:54:15 – Yep, no, she was a great sport.
    2:54:18 – But any spark was immediately extinguished.
    2:54:19 – Yeah, you know.
    2:54:21 – Have you guys kept in touch?
    2:54:21 Have you kept in touch or no?
    2:54:24 – We haven’t, but we weren’t really in touch beforehand.
    2:54:26 We had met before, she’s amazing.
    2:54:31 But I just don’t have it in me to succeed
    2:54:35 pretending to be someone I’m not, you know what I mean?
    2:54:36 – Yeah.
    2:54:38 – I’d rather go up in flames.
    2:54:40 – No, I mean, I deeply admire it, right?
    2:54:44 I’ve told you, my whole life’s mission is about
    2:54:47 how to be internally driven rather than externally driven.
    2:54:50 How to be more honest, more authentic, more candid.
    2:54:54 I told you, I’m less patient because I’m trying to be me.
    2:54:56 And you are exactly that.
    2:55:00 So I deeply admire it, but it was just so funny.
    2:55:01 – It was funny.
    2:55:03 – Because in the blink of an eye, you said–
    2:55:04 – Also because I didn’t even think about it.
    2:55:06 Like it came out instantaneously.
    2:55:07 – You did not inhale.
    2:55:11 It was on your exhale of the breath you had already taken.
    2:55:14 And so, but I love that your default,
    2:55:16 I say this to your audience.
    2:55:20 Your primal default was to say the real thing
    2:55:25 rather than the thing that this unbelievable woman
    2:55:27 would have wanted to hear.
    2:55:28 That’s fucking great, dude.
    2:55:29 That’s what makes you you.
    2:55:30 – Thanks.
    2:55:34 – Yeah, so work in progress, but I’m not sitting on my hands.
    2:55:36 I know that family’s the next big adventure.
    2:55:38 So I’ll get there, I will get there.
    2:55:41 And it’s also, you know, it’s what’s been funny
    2:55:46 as I’ve dated is 47 now.
    2:55:49 And the tone of sort of like the line of questioning
    2:55:51 for some women I’ve been on dates with is like,
    2:55:52 what’s wrong with you?
    2:55:53 Why are you broken?
    2:55:54 Like, what’s going on?
    2:55:56 Like you say you want a family, you’re 47.
    2:55:57 And I’m like, well, two things.
    2:56:00 If I were 40, would you be saying this?
    2:56:00 And they’re like, no.
    2:56:03 I’m like, okay, well, I just got out of a,
    2:56:06 not so long ago, got out of a almost six year relationship.
    2:56:09 So the intention was to have kids and it didn’t work out.
    2:56:10 Like things don’t work out.
    2:56:13 Better to figure that out before you have kids, I think,
    2:56:14 in a lot of cases.
    2:56:18 And then I was like, secondly, if I had been,
    2:56:20 what I’ve found is that women would be,
    2:56:22 some women would be more comfortable
    2:56:25 if I had been married and divorced once or twice.
    2:56:26 – Oh my God.
    2:56:28 – Than having not done it.
    2:56:29 – Yeah.
    2:56:31 – But they wouldn’t be asking that same question,
    2:56:32 which is interesting.
    2:56:33 – Yeah.
    2:56:34 – And it’s like, okay, all right.
    2:56:35 So maybe the concern is like,
    2:56:37 ah, this guy is like Peter Panang for the rest of his life.
    2:56:38 And he doesn’t want to commit.
    2:56:40 And I’m like, well, I have two relationships
    2:56:41 that are longer than a lot of marriages.
    2:56:44 So that doesn’t totally check out.
    2:56:45 – Yeah.
    2:56:47 – But it’s fascinating, modern dating.
    2:56:48 – Yeah.
    2:56:50 Well, Crystal and I would have been a disaster
    2:56:52 if we’d gotten together any time in those 14 years
    2:56:53 I kept asking her out.
    2:56:54 – Yeah.
    2:56:57 – I had a prior relationship, was divorced.
    2:56:59 I had a long-term relationship after that that didn’t work.
    2:57:01 If I hadn’t gone through that stuff,
    2:57:04 I would not have understood what it meant to be
    2:57:05 in a healthy relationship, to have balance,
    2:57:08 to have intimacy, to all those things that need to happen.
    2:57:09 I wouldn’t have known it.
    2:57:10 You know what was a funny exercise
    2:57:13 is we set up a really modest trust for our kids.
    2:57:15 Basically, so that houses,
    2:57:17 you’d have to do that estate planning shit.
    2:57:18 And so it’s particularly not generous
    2:57:21 ’cause we think mostly money fucks kids up.
    2:57:24 But we had to sit and decide at what age
    2:57:26 they would have any discretion over it.
    2:57:30 And we were 36 at the time and we said 36.
    2:57:32 (laughing)
    2:57:34 Because that was when we felt like we had finally
    2:57:35 gotten our shit together.
    2:57:38 And like, maybe now I’d said it at 45, I don’t know.
    2:57:40 But, you know, my dad is 78 years old,
    2:57:44 plays pickleball three times a week with 20-somethings.
    2:57:45 He always tells us about which guy is complaining like,
    2:57:48 “Oh, I can’t move like I could when I was 18.”
    2:57:50 And I was like, “Fuck you, I’m 78.”
    2:57:53 But like, I do think age is an attitude.
    2:57:55 I do think it’s mental.
    2:57:58 I do think like, I don’t think that number actually matters.
    2:58:01 But I also don’t think everyone’s ready for it every time.
    2:58:05 But I can just say that having kids
    2:58:08 has just been a remarkable, remarkable chapter.
    2:58:10 Crystal, if she was your gas near podcast,
    2:58:12 she’d tell you she never envisioned it for herself.
    2:58:16 It wasn’t, she just did not think of herself as a mom.
    2:58:20 And now, you know, she identifies as a creative
    2:58:23 and an author of “New York Times Best Sellers”
    2:58:27 and a designer and an investor and an entrepreneur.
    2:58:30 But maybe at the top of that list is a mom.
    2:58:32 And maybe second after that is a youth sports coach.
    2:58:35 I mean, we had basketball practice at our house last night
    2:58:36 for the fourth grade team.
    2:58:38 I forget what they’re called, they have a new name.
    2:58:42 But, you know, like it opens these new chapters of life
    2:58:44 that really remind you of the fundamental questions.
    2:58:45 Like, why the fuck are we here?
    2:58:46 – Yeah. – You know?
    2:58:49 And I love going through the awkward middle school shit.
    2:58:51 Again, I love it, I love it.
    2:58:54 It’s therapy for me, man.
    2:58:56 All those times you were stuck in a locker, Tim,
    2:58:58 you get to deal with it again.
    2:58:58 It’s amazing.
    2:59:02 – Yeah, that was relentless.
    2:59:02 Holy shit.
    2:59:04 It was just straight up Lord of the Flies.
    2:59:09 I mean, like there are really few safeguards at that point.
    2:59:11 – Oh man.
    2:59:12 – That’s one of the great things.
    2:59:15 They have a, the playground supervisor,
    2:59:18 whereas Cowboy Boots has an eye patch and a peg leg
    2:59:19 at the school here.
    2:59:23 – That’s incredible.
    2:59:26 – I mean, everything is so fucking core in Montana.
    2:59:26 I love it.
    2:59:29 Everything is so like suck it up.
    2:59:31 It’s just fucking fantastic.
    2:59:31 We need more of it.
    2:59:33 So, all right.
    2:59:34 Dude, I love you.
    2:59:35 – Yeah, I love you too.
    2:59:36 – I love you, I love you.
    2:59:37 – Yeah, I love you too, man.
    2:59:38 And give my best to the fan.
    2:59:39 – I can’t wait to hang.
    2:59:40 – And I’m going to see you.
    2:59:41 Yeah, not too long from now.
    2:59:43 – And I love all of you listeners
    2:59:45 who are going to visit fiveponds Ranch.com
    2:59:49 and explore your Wyoming fantasies.
    2:59:52 Maybe, you know, you build one of those like crypto based
    2:59:55 distributed organizations to buy it.
    2:59:58 That’s fine as long as it comes in US dollars.
    3:00:00 This is the best place to shelter your gains.
    3:00:02 Just telling you and to have a beautiful life
    3:00:03 in the outdoors.
    3:00:05 – Get with that.
    3:00:06 – That was fiveponds Ranch.com.
    3:00:07 – There we go.
    3:00:11 – Five, F-I-V-E, ponds Ranch.com.
    3:00:11 Thank you.
    3:00:13 – All right, everybody.
    3:00:18 You heard of her first for 1995 with five easy installments.
    3:00:21 You could test out the ranch for yourself.
    3:00:24 Maybe not for that price point, but we’ll see.
    3:00:27 And as always, we’ll link to things
    3:00:29 that were mentioned in the podcast.
    3:00:30 – That’s a lot of things.
    3:00:31 – That’s a lot of things.
    3:00:32 – Yeah.
    3:00:33 And that’s the AI that does that for you.
    3:00:35 – Yeah, doomed up log slash podcast.
    3:00:36 You’ll be able to find it.
    3:00:38 Check out our first installment
    3:00:43 for Crisaka’s Wonder Years and early chapters.
    3:00:44 – Wait, I also did that other episode
    3:00:47 where you had me read questions off of Reddit.
    3:00:48 That was fun too.
    3:00:49 – Yeah, you did that.
    3:00:50 Yes.
    3:00:51 – Remember, I didn’t have a soundproof room,
    3:00:52 so I had to put my head under a blanket.
    3:00:53 – Yes.
    3:00:54 – And talk to GarageBand.
    3:00:57 – See, there’s, there’s awesome.
    3:00:59 – There’s an episode 1.5.
    3:01:01 – Yeah, there’s a 1.5.
    3:01:05 And as always folks, thanks for tuning in.
    3:01:07 Be a bit kinder than is necessary
    3:01:11 to not just others, but yourself as well until next time.
    3:01:12 And thanks for tuning in.
    3:01:15 – Hey guys, this is Tim again.
    3:01:17 Just one more thing before you take off
    3:01:20 and that is Five Bullet Friday.
    3:01:22 Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every Friday
    3:01:25 that provides a little fun before the weekend?
    3:01:27 Between one and a half and two million people subscribed
    3:01:30 to my free newsletter, my super short newsletter
    3:01:32 called Five Bullet Friday.
    3:01:34 Easy to sign up, easy to cancel.
    3:01:38 It is basically a half page that I send out every Friday
    3:01:40 to share the coolest things I’ve found or discovered
    3:01:43 or have started exploring over that week.
    3:01:44 It’s kind of like my diary of cool things.
    3:01:46 It often includes articles I’m reading,
    3:01:50 books I’m reading, albums perhaps, gadgets, gizmos,
    3:01:54 all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me
    3:01:57 by my friends, including a lot of podcast guests
    3:02:00 and these strange esoteric things end up in my field
    3:02:04 and then I test them and then I share them with you.
    3:02:07 So if that sounds fun, again, it’s very short.
    3:02:10 A little tiny bite of goodness before you head off
    3:02:12 for the weekend, something to think about.
    3:02:13 If you’d like to try it out,
    3:02:15 just go to tim.blog/friday.
    3:02:19 Type that into your browser, tim.blog/friday.
    3:02:21 Drop in your email and you’ll get the very next one.
    3:02:23 Thanks for listening.
    3:02:25 As many of you know, for the last few years,
    3:02:28 I’ve been sleeping on a midnight locks mattress
    3:02:29 from today’s sponsor, Helix Sleep.
    3:02:32 I also have one in the guest bedroom downstairs
    3:02:35 and feedback from friends has always been fantastic.
    3:02:36 Kind of over the top, to be honest.
    3:02:39 I mean, they frequently say it’s the best night of sleep
    3:02:40 they’ve had in ages.
    3:02:41 What kind of mattresses and what do you do?
    3:02:43 What’s the magic juju?
    3:02:44 It’s something they comment on
    3:02:46 without any prompting from me whatsoever.
    3:02:51 I also recently had a chance to test the Helix Sunset Elite
    3:02:53 in a new guest bedroom, which I sometimes sleep in
    3:02:56 and I picked it for its very soft but supportive feel
    3:02:58 to help with some lower back pain that I’ve had.
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    3:03:03 while putting the right support in the right spots.
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    3:03:13 and middle layers with premium foam and microcoils
    3:03:15 that create a soft contouring feel,
    3:03:17 which also means if I feel like I wanna sleep on my side,
    3:03:19 I can do that without worrying about other aches
    3:03:20 and pains that I create.
    3:03:23 And with a luxurious pillow top for pressure relief,
    3:03:26 I look forward to nestling into that bed every night
    3:03:27 that I use it.
    3:03:29 The best part, of course, is that it helps me
    3:03:32 wake up feeling fully rested with a back
    3:03:34 that feels supple instead of stiff.
    3:03:36 That is the name of the game for me these days.
    3:03:39 Helix offers a 100 night sleep trial,
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    3:03:55 So go to helixsleep.com/tim to check it out.
    3:03:58 That’s helixsleep.com/tim.
    3:04:01 With Helix, better sleep starts now.
    3:04:03 Coffee, coffee, coffee.
    3:04:05 Man, do I love a great cup of coffee.
    3:04:07 Sometimes too much.
    3:04:09 Then I’ll have two, three, four, five cups of coffee.
    3:04:12 I do not love the jitters that come from that
    3:04:14 or how even one really strong cup of coffee
    3:04:15 can impact my sleep,
    3:04:17 which I measure in all sorts of ways,
    3:04:19 which HRV and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.
    3:04:22 But more recently, I have downshifted
    3:04:23 to something that feels good.
    3:04:26 I’ve been enjoying a more serene morning brew
    3:04:28 from this episode’s sponsor, Mudwater.
    3:04:30 With only a fraction of the caffeine
    3:04:31 found in a cup of coffee,
    3:04:33 Mudwater gives me all the energy I need
    3:04:36 without the crash, without the fidgety
    3:04:38 crawling out of my skin kind of feeling.
    3:04:39 And it’s delicious.
    3:04:41 It tastes as if cacao and chai
    3:04:43 had a beautiful love child.
    3:04:44 I drink it in the morning.
    3:04:45 And sometimes, right now,
    3:04:47 I’m exercising in the mountains and running around.
    3:04:50 Sometimes I’ll also add some milk and ice for a 2 PM.
    3:04:53 Yeah, maybe 1 PM if I’m behaving.
    3:04:55 Iced latte pick-me-up type of thing.
    3:04:56 Mudwater’s original blend
    3:04:58 contains four different types of mushrooms,
    3:05:00 lion’s mane for focus, cordyceps.
    3:05:02 To promote energy, I used to use that
    3:05:04 when I was competing in all sorts of sports,
    3:05:05 and both chaga and raysheets
    3:05:07 to support a healthy immune system.
    3:05:10 I also love that they make and have for a long time
    3:05:12 donations to support psychedelic therapeutics
    3:05:15 and research, including organizations
    3:05:16 like the Heroic Hearts Project,
    3:05:18 which I encourage people to check out,
    3:05:19 and the UC Berkeley Center
    3:05:21 for the Science of Psychedelics.
    3:05:24 You, my dear listeners, can now try Mudwater
    3:05:28 with 15% off, plus a free rechargeable frother
    3:05:31 and free shipping by going to mudwater.com/tim.
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    3:05:46 for a free frother, 15% off, and a better morning routine.
    3:05:49 (audience applauding)

    Chris Sacca is the co-founder of Lowercarbon Capital and manages a portfolio of countless startups in energy, industrial materials, and carbon removal. If it’s unf**king the planet, he’s probably working on it. Previously, Chris founded Lowercase Capital, one of history’s most successful funds ever, primarily known for its very early investments in companies like Twitter, Uber, Instagram, Twilio, Docker, Optimizely, Blue Bottle Coffee, and Stripe. But you might just know him as the guy who wore those ridiculous cowboy shirts for a few seasons of Shark Tank. To purchase Chris’s ranch, schedule a viewing at FivePondsRanch.com.

    P.S. This episode features a special, one-of-a-kind introduction that Chris recorded of yours truly. 🙂

    Sponsors:

    MUDWTR energy-boosting coffee alternative—without the jitters: https://MUDWTR.com/Tim (between 15% and 43% off)

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    AG1 all-in-one nutritional supplement: https://DrinkAG1.com/Tim (1-year supply of Vitamin D (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase.)

    Timestamps:

    [00:00] Coming up

    [06:47] Chris introduces me.

    [11:07] Some Sacca background.

    [18:32] Raising pre-teen gamblers and tailgating troublemakers.

    [19:54] Conscious changes and rethoughts since our first interview.

    [26:12] The personal and professional influence of Rich and Sarah Barton.

    [30:18] Property management and the Zen of Kevin Rose.

    [35:12] Zillow Gone Wild.

    [36:58] Simplifications.

    [45:03] Remaining optimistic despite being in the business of saying no.

    [51:33] Living in the finite without +1 obligations.

    [56:54] “Wait, what’s hustle culture?”

    [59:48] The (lack of) trouble with kids today.

    [01:09:53] Raising kids to solve problems and eschew smartphones.

    [01:14:15] Rawdogging? You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means.

    [01:16:05] An Andy Goldsworthy aside.

    [01:16:30] Taking advice from R. Buckminster Fuller GPT.

    [01:19:13] Assigned reading.

    [01:20:10] Humans vs. AI.

    [01:26:20] What happens to people stuck between AI job displacement and a broken social contract?

    [01:42:38] Counting on the human craving to convene and connect.

    [01:56:30] What kind of business would a younger Chris start today?

    [02:00:44] The prescience of The Medium is the Massage.

    [02:01:39] What does Lowercarbon Capital do?

    [02:08:44] Projects Chris is most excited about.

    [02:18:59] Youthful mischief and flim-flammery.

    [02:24:51] The premise for Chris’ upcoming No Permanent Record.

    [02:35:25] Cultivating the ability to face (and maybe win over) a tough crowd.

    [02:39:19] Chris expresses some concerns about this episode.

    [02:40:24] Recommended reading.

    [02:45:07] A worthwhile purchase of $100 or less.

    [02:48:03] Deez Crocs.

    [02:50:48] Sabotaging potential dates with authenticity.

    [02:59:11] Parting thoughts.

    *

    For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.

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  • 652: $150k Renting Out Dresses as a Side Hustle

    AI transcript
    0:00:04 $150,000 renting out dresses.
    0:00:06 What’s up, what’s up, Nikola for here.
    0:00:07 Welcome to The Side Hustle Show
    0:00:10 because your nine to five may make you a living
    0:00:12 if your five to nine makes you alive.
    0:00:13 And here’s a side hustle
    0:00:16 that earned just 160 bucks in its first month.
    0:00:19 I came from just two customers, but it was enough.
    0:00:22 It was enough traction to know that she was onto something.
    0:00:24 Since then, my guest has scaled to
    0:00:28 over 200 different garments, bringing in $150,000
    0:00:30 in rental income last year.
    0:00:34 She is @theprofitcollective on Instagram, summerfisher.
    0:00:36 Welcome to The Side Hustle Show.
    0:00:38 – Thank you, thanks for having me.
    0:00:39 – You bet, stick around in this one.
    0:00:41 We’re gonna learn how this business
    0:00:43 and the math behind it works.
    0:00:45 The delivery and logistics piece
    0:00:48 behind moving clothing all around the place
    0:00:50 and some of the marketing best practices
    0:00:52 that you can follow along
    0:00:53 if you wanna start something similar.
    0:00:56 Now, you know, I love a fun rental business,
    0:00:58 but dresses certainly aren’t the only thing
    0:01:00 that you can rent out for a profit,
    0:01:01 which is why I’ve put together a list
    0:01:03 of 25 other unconventional things
    0:01:05 that you can make money renting out
    0:01:08 that is yours free to download at the show notes
    0:01:09 for this episode.
    0:01:11 Just follow the link in the episode description
    0:01:14 and it’ll get you right over there.
    0:01:16 Now, some of my understanding is you started
    0:01:20 as a more traditional reseller, like go to the thrift shop,
    0:01:23 find the brand name designer type of stuff
    0:01:28 that you think is undervalued and flip it by low sell high.
    0:01:28 Simple.
    0:01:33 So what inspired the shift to the rental business?
    0:01:34 – Well, I’m actually still reselling
    0:01:36 and it is actually probably still a bigger part
    0:01:37 of my business.
    0:01:38 – Oh, okay.
    0:01:40 – Yeah, so I saw an opportunity for the renting.
    0:01:44 So what happened is I’ve had a model agency for 15 years.
    0:01:46 That started as another side hustle,
    0:01:47 which is a story for another day.
    0:01:50 And I was in my agency one day
    0:01:53 and a girl came in, one of the models came in
    0:01:55 and said she was starting a dress rental business.
    0:01:56 And I was like, what’s that?
    0:01:57 I didn’t understand.
    0:01:58 I was like, what are you talking about?
    0:02:01 She’s like, oh yeah, we just put some dresses together.
    0:02:04 My friend and I and we’re going to rent them online.
    0:02:05 And I thought, okay.
    0:02:07 And I just thought they were going to rent them
    0:02:11 on Facebook marketplace or D-pop or something like that.
    0:02:15 And I looked into it and I realized there’s this whole
    0:02:17 industry around dress rentals.
    0:02:19 And I thought, oh, I want to try this.
    0:02:23 And I was already kind of flipping dresses on the side
    0:02:26 and had built a whole business around that as well.
    0:02:30 And so I decided I just put up all the dresses I had.
    0:02:32 Actually, first I put up two dresses
    0:02:36 and that was in October of 2022.
    0:02:40 And then one day I was just sitting in my car
    0:02:43 at my daughter’s cheer practice and one of them rented
    0:02:45 and I got a notification that it had rented.
    0:02:47 And I was like, oh my God, I just rented a dress.
    0:02:49 But like now what do I do?
    0:02:50 I didn’t really understand it.
    0:02:52 And I just kind of went all in.
    0:02:55 So I kind of worked it out as I went along.
    0:02:58 And then I ended up putting all the dresses up then
    0:02:59 that I had been flipping.
    0:03:01 And it kind of grew from there.
    0:03:04 And then I started buying dresses specifically to rent.
    0:03:05 So yeah.
    0:03:06 – Okay.
    0:03:09 I love this, side hustles on side hustles, right?
    0:03:10 What am I already doing?
    0:03:14 How could I add a new revenue stream to this?
    0:03:15 And this is really interesting.
    0:03:18 It’s like, well, I’ll have it listed up for sale.
    0:03:20 And in the meantime, until it sells,
    0:03:22 hey, maybe I can make some revenue.
    0:03:24 I can recoup some of that cost on the rental side.
    0:03:26 I think that’s really interesting.
    0:03:26 – Yeah, exactly.
    0:03:29 It’s like a double-dip profit strategy is what I call it.
    0:03:33 So basically, you’re making the money from flipping the item.
    0:03:36 But in between, you’re also making the money from renting it.
    0:03:37 – What happens when somebody wants to buy it
    0:03:40 and you’re like, well, I can’t ship it out just yet.
    0:03:41 I need to wait for it to get back.
    0:03:43 – When it rents, I do take it off
    0:03:45 from being available for sale, yeah.
    0:03:46 – Oh, okay.
    0:03:48 So those first couple, you get that notification.
    0:03:51 Hey, this is somebody wanted to rent this thing.
    0:03:55 There was a marketplace that had some existing demand
    0:03:58 of renters versus you trying to build an audience,
    0:04:00 build a following, build a two-sided marketplace.
    0:04:02 So where it’s like, hey, it rent from me.
    0:04:03 It’s like, no, no, no.
    0:04:05 There’s already some existing validation and demand for it.
    0:04:06 – Yes, definitely.
    0:04:08 And yeah, there’s online sites
    0:04:11 where you can rent dresses basically.
    0:04:13 So they’re different in every country.
    0:04:16 So for us in Australia, there’s a site called The Vault.
    0:04:19 A big one in the US and the UK is Byrotation.
    0:04:22 So there’s several of these types of websites
    0:04:23 and they’re kind of peer-to-peer lending.
    0:04:26 So basically you can put up your own wardrobe
    0:04:28 or like I do, run it as a business
    0:04:30 and rent to other people.
    0:04:33 – There was one like bag borrower steal.
    0:04:34 Is that one?
    0:04:35 Or was that just like for buying handbags?
    0:04:37 I don’t know if it was a rental service too.
    0:04:39 I’m trying to think of like the left.
    0:04:41 – You can rent bags on these sites as well.
    0:04:43 – Okay, do you play around in that space or strictly dresses?
    0:04:46 – No, I don’t really because their bags
    0:04:47 are really expensive to buy.
    0:04:50 And I just, because I self-insure all my items,
    0:04:53 I just don’t want to play with that.
    0:04:54 – Right, right, right.
    0:04:58 What’s a sweet spot for cost of acquisition,
    0:05:01 like brand style, and there’s a lot of different factors
    0:05:04 that might must go into the purchase side of it
    0:05:07 to decide, well, what might there be demand for?
    0:05:08 – It’s quite nuanced.
    0:05:12 So it will depend on, it’s like the intersection
    0:05:16 of brand, style, size, all these things
    0:05:19 that kind of come together to get a dress that’s in demand.
    0:05:23 I would say that as opposed to when I’m reselling,
    0:05:26 when I’m renting, it does need to be a fairly recent style,
    0:05:29 like within the last 18 months, but definitely,
    0:05:32 but usually even within the last six months
    0:05:35 is that will be like the most popular styles.
    0:05:37 Whereas when I’m reselling, that’s not as relevant.
    0:05:38 – Okay.
    0:05:40 – And then a lot of it will be like,
    0:05:42 did a celebrity wear it?
    0:05:45 Is it the color of that season?
    0:05:47 You know, is it winter or summer?
    0:05:49 I rent a lot to wedding guests.
    0:05:52 So a lot of people who are going to weddings
    0:05:54 and just are going to wear that item once.
    0:05:57 So there’s a lot of that with the sizing.
    0:05:58 You do have to look at the market.
    0:06:01 So a lot of girls in their early twenties
    0:06:02 will get into dress rentals
    0:06:05 and they will tend to rent those smaller sizes.
    0:06:09 And I’ve found pretty good success with renting
    0:06:12 like slightly like mid sizes, I guess it would be called.
    0:06:15 So yeah, just slightly larger, not the teeny tiny sizes.
    0:06:17 So yeah, but it does depend on the brand too,
    0:06:19 because some of those brands do do better
    0:06:20 in the really small sizes.
    0:06:23 – And you’re still trying to source this stuff secondhand
    0:06:26 or are you now comfortable?
    0:06:27 So I could buy it off the rack.
    0:06:30 I could buy it new to rent.
    0:06:32 And then you’re kind of like a car rental business,
    0:06:33 like I’m going to rent it out for a year
    0:06:34 and then I’m going to resell it.
    0:06:38 – Yeah, I would say that mostly I buy at retail now,
    0:06:41 but I do use all the strategies to try and get
    0:06:43 like a percentage off when I buy it.
    0:06:45 So that when I, at the end of the rental,
    0:06:50 when I go to flip it, I’m actually making money both ways.
    0:06:53 So I’m getting 20% off retail.
    0:06:55 I’m renting it, you know, five, 10 times.
    0:06:57 And then I’m actually selling it still
    0:06:59 for more than I paid for it, even though it’s pre-loved
    0:07:03 because it’s such a new and hot and in demand item.
    0:07:05 And I’m also using things like the currency arbitrage
    0:07:08 and the geographical arbitrage of being in Australia
    0:07:11 where I can get, you know, something like a Zimmerman dress
    0:07:14 a lot cheaper and sell it to someone in the U.S.
    0:07:16 – Yeah, you’re going to be throwing out brand names
    0:07:16 that go where?
    0:07:18 (laughing)
    0:07:19 Like, all right, I’ll take your word for it.
    0:07:21 But if you’re in that space, like,
    0:07:24 if you know what is hot, what is in style,
    0:07:27 then yeah, you can absolutely play around with that.
    0:07:29 And so for the rental side is,
    0:07:31 and you imagine it’s got to be local,
    0:07:33 like you’re not going to ship something halfway
    0:07:34 around the world for a rental, are you?
    0:07:37 – So the majority of my reselling is actually like,
    0:07:40 I sell a lot to the U.S. and the UK
    0:07:41 and probably more than Australia.
    0:07:44 But with the renting it is, yeah, only in Australia.
    0:07:47 So I do it pretty much, all of it is by post.
    0:07:50 So I do allow pickups sometimes.
    0:07:53 I don’t love people coming to my house
    0:07:54 and picking up the items,
    0:07:56 but sometimes if it’s a bit slow,
    0:07:57 I’ll let people come and pick it up.
    0:08:00 But you get the problem that if they will pick it up,
    0:08:01 they will be like, oh, what else have you got?
    0:08:04 You know, can I try it on and all this type of thing?
    0:08:06 And yeah, I don’t like that.
    0:08:08 – I’m like, no, no, no, this is the one you ordered.
    0:08:09 Here you go.
    0:08:11 So inspired to do it.
    0:08:13 A model at the modeling agency was like,
    0:08:14 hey, I’m getting into this.
    0:08:15 You’re like, well, you know,
    0:08:17 there might be something else here.
    0:08:20 There was some existing, you know, proof of concept, right?
    0:08:22 These marketplaces already existed.
    0:08:24 And you had the confidence to say,
    0:08:27 well, I can add my own listings to this.
    0:08:30 Was there a point of, you know, market saturation
    0:08:33 if, you know, 10 providers all have the same thing
    0:08:34 and like on that busy summer,
    0:08:36 I guess it’s so fluid,
    0:08:39 like the busy summers, you know, wedding season,
    0:08:41 where, you know, different people want different styles
    0:08:43 and different sizes at the time.
    0:08:45 It’s hard to imagine it being like so overstocked,
    0:08:46 overcrowded.
    0:08:48 – Yeah, I think that it’s like,
    0:08:50 even if 20 people have the same dress,
    0:08:54 there could be easily 20 people that want to rent that dress,
    0:08:56 especially like if it’s very in demand.
    0:08:58 And you just got to do your research
    0:09:00 when you’re choosing what dresses you want to rent
    0:09:02 because you don’t want to pick a size
    0:09:05 that like everyone else is renting that size.
    0:09:08 Usually you can pick, find a size that, you know,
    0:09:09 only one or two people have
    0:09:13 and then just go by a size, that size for yourself.
    0:09:14 – Got it.
    0:09:16 So it’s okay to have the same style that other people have,
    0:09:20 but maybe try and fill in the gaps on some sizes
    0:09:22 that you don’t find readily available.
    0:09:23 – Or you want to be first to market.
    0:09:26 Like you want to be the first one to have it,
    0:09:29 get it listed, then you’ll get all the bookings
    0:09:30 and you’ll get bookings months in advance.
    0:09:31 So it’ll be booked out
    0:09:33 before anyone can get their item up.
    0:09:36 – Are there any demand tools, like, you know,
    0:09:38 number of customer reviews
    0:09:40 or do these platforms show you like,
    0:09:43 oh, this was, you know, rented out eight times
    0:09:45 in the last two months, like something like that to say,
    0:09:49 well, okay, clearly I should go buy one of those.
    0:09:51 – Yeah, there is, in Australia, there is a site
    0:09:53 which I don’t rent on for other reasons,
    0:09:56 but it does do those little pop-ups that says,
    0:09:57 oh, this dress was just rented.
    0:10:01 So you can definitely use that to see what’s being rented,
    0:10:03 but it’s not like reselling where on eBay,
    0:10:05 you can like look at recent solds
    0:10:07 or you can use a product research tool to look up
    0:10:10 what’s selling, there’s nothing like that.
    0:10:14 Yeah, there’s no, you’ve really, it’s quite like laborious.
    0:10:16 You’ve got to go through other people’s calendars
    0:10:18 and see what bookings they’ve got
    0:10:19 to see how in demand it is.
    0:10:23 So yeah, at first you’ve got to do quite a bit of research.
    0:10:25 – Got it, and then you can learn the into now.
    0:10:27 It’s like any business, once you’re in it,
    0:10:29 you can’t see it any other way.
    0:10:30 – Definitely.
    0:10:32 – But from the outside, okay, I like this little trick
    0:10:34 of like, oh, okay, it’s booked up the next three weekends.
    0:10:35 It must be in demand.
    0:10:37 A friend of ours used to do this for a wedding,
    0:10:40 and like you said, like mid-late 20s,
    0:10:42 like peak wedding attendance season,
    0:10:45 we’re sick of wearing the same thing over and over again,
    0:10:46 so she’d try something new.
    0:10:48 And like, how much does it cost to rent a dress these days?
    0:10:51 – The absolute least amount would be $80,
    0:10:52 but I have like four dresses
    0:10:55 that are about two and a half grand retail each,
    0:10:58 and I rent those for 350 per rental.
    0:11:00 And like, you have to pull my jaw off the floor,
    0:11:03 like 2,500 for like, I’ve heard of wedding dresses,
    0:11:07 yes, costing that much, but just like a regular dress.
    0:11:08 This shows you how much I know about fashion.
    0:11:10 – It’s really beautiful, Nick.
    0:11:12 It’s really beautiful dress.
    0:11:13 – I’m sure it is.
    0:11:15 The last article of clothing that I rented
    0:11:17 was a tuxedo for senior prom.
    0:11:20 Like, and it was, I don’t even remember how much it was.
    0:11:21 It was probably 80 bucks, but yeah, okay.
    0:11:25 So obviously the higher retail price,
    0:11:28 the more you can command on the rental side, absolutely.
    0:11:33 – And that’s helpful to have a range of $80 to $350 per rental.
    0:11:39 Is there a rule, like a percentage of the retail price
    0:11:40 or something like that that you go by?
    0:11:43 – Yeah, I think like generally you want to get your money back
    0:11:45 within three to four rentals,
    0:11:48 but if I had have paid full price for like that dress,
    0:11:49 it’s worth two and a half thousand dollars.
    0:11:51 Obviously I wouldn’t have made that back in four rentals,
    0:11:55 but there’s a way to find usually 10, 20% off at least
    0:11:57 on full retail when you’re buying something.
    0:12:00 So once you’ve done that or you buy it secondhand,
    0:12:02 then usually you can get your money back.
    0:12:04 Sometimes I’ll get my money back with one rental.
    0:12:05 If I’m buying it pre-love,
    0:12:08 you know, I might see it pop up on eBay or Depop
    0:12:10 and I’ll get my money back in one rental.
    0:12:11 – Gotcha.
    0:12:14 Do you have like brand name alerts that pin you when,
    0:12:17 oh, such and such inventory just got listed.
    0:12:18 I need to go and check it out.
    0:12:21 – Well, because I’m already reselling as well
    0:12:23 and that’s quite a big income stream for me.
    0:12:25 I’m sourcing every day, so.
    0:12:27 – Constantly on the lookout.
    0:12:29 – I’m there like when it comes up, I’m ready.
    0:12:30 So yeah, for sure.
    0:12:34 But like I do have like saved searches that I look through.
    0:12:35 Yeah.
    0:12:36 – And I suppose you could just start with,
    0:12:39 if you have some existing dress inventory,
    0:12:41 I’m thinking of like my wife’s classic addresses in there.
    0:12:43 She hadn’t worn in years.
    0:12:44 – Yeah.
    0:12:45 – And who knows, like, I don’t know.
    0:12:47 I have no concept of what the brands are,
    0:12:49 but maybe it’s a timeless style
    0:12:50 that people would be searching for.
    0:12:54 Like is that branded keyword type of search,
    0:12:57 like how important is that in your listing
    0:12:58 on the marketplaces?
    0:13:00 Like are people looking specifically for that brand
    0:13:02 or could you describe it more as like a, you know,
    0:13:06 a green A line, something, something strapless.
    0:13:08 I don’t know, it’s just a keyword, keyword, keyword.
    0:13:10 – Yeah, it’s heavily brand dependent.
    0:13:12 People go on, they know what they want.
    0:13:13 They know what dress they want.
    0:13:16 Probably 80% of the time, maybe 90% of the time.
    0:13:17 – Okay.
    0:13:18 – You know, they’ve seen it come up
    0:13:21 in the campaign photos or whatever.
    0:13:23 Some celebrities worn it and influencers
    0:13:24 put it on their Instagram.
    0:13:26 They’re like, I want to wear that dress
    0:13:27 and they go looking for it.
    0:13:28 So, yeah.
    0:13:29 – What brands do you like?
    0:13:32 – For us in Australia, and actually a lot of these brands
    0:13:35 kind of are the same ones as in the US or UK,
    0:13:38 but like the Australian kind of based brands
    0:13:41 are like Zimmerman, Age or Arge,
    0:13:43 if you like to be fancy in that way.
    0:13:46 Orishan is a big one for me.
    0:13:49 Alame, Alame is probably the biggest brand that I rent.
    0:13:51 It’s only been around a couple of years,
    0:13:54 but it’s kind of in that style of Zimmerman as well.
    0:13:57 So yeah, they’re the kind of brands, I guess.
    0:13:58 – All right.
    0:14:00 It’s all foreign to me, but it’s helpful to know.
    0:14:02 I mean, you could go on,
    0:14:03 I imagine any of these marketplaces
    0:14:05 and see where the demand seems to be.
    0:14:07 So that makes sense.
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    0:16:26 Aside from the marketplace and maybe on the marketplace,
    0:16:28 other listing best practices,
    0:16:30 are you modeling the photos?
    0:16:32 You’re tapping into people from the modeling agency
    0:16:34 to like take these dress photos for you.
    0:16:36 Like what goes into a good listing?
    0:16:38 How am I going to stand out against everybody else
    0:16:39 who’s already been on there?
    0:16:41 Yeah, well, it’s really different to race-selling.
    0:16:43 So with race-selling, you know,
    0:16:47 I am trying to position an item to show its value
    0:16:50 by using campaign photos where I can and stock photos
    0:16:52 and then using certain photos
    0:16:55 to like show that perceived value, I guess.
    0:16:58 And with renting, it’s really no one uses their own photos.
    0:16:59 They just use stock photos.
    0:17:03 So it’s literally just screenshotting three stock photos
    0:17:06 from the company’s website and putting it up.
    0:17:08 There’s no modeling involved.
    0:17:11 My modeling days are long gone at three kids.
    0:17:14 So yeah, I’m not going to be modeling any of them close.
    0:17:15 Fair enough.
    0:17:18 You could probably get like customer pictures back
    0:17:20 at some point, I don’t know, but like, that’s not important.
    0:17:22 If you’re using Instagram as a rental platform,
    0:17:24 which a lot, a lot of people do.
    0:17:26 So a lot of people will just rent straight
    0:17:28 off people’s Instagram profiles.
    0:17:31 Then they will use a lot of like customer photos
    0:17:32 and things like that for sure.
    0:17:35 So this would be trying to create your own demand,
    0:17:37 like build up an influencer profile.
    0:17:39 And you know, hey, if you like my style,
    0:17:40 you can actually rent this thing.
    0:17:42 If you happen to be the same size as me, you can rent it.
    0:17:44 No, they’re just rental companies.
    0:17:47 So they just say like, you know, XYZ rentals.
    0:17:50 And then they’ll go into maybe the Facebook groups online
    0:17:52 and say, I’m renting these dresses
    0:17:54 if anyone wants to come to my Instagram
    0:17:56 and then the customers will just message them.
    0:17:58 And then they just facilitate the transaction that way.
    0:18:01 And so they’re not paying the rental platforms a commission.
    0:18:03 What’s a typical commission fee?
    0:18:07 I think it’s like 16.5% is what we pay on the vault.
    0:18:10 I assume it’s similar on the other ones internationally.
    0:18:13 Yeah, it’s not much for the level of demand
    0:18:14 that they had to create the marketing
    0:18:16 that they’re doing for you, the transaction,
    0:18:18 they’re facilitating.
    0:18:19 Yeah, they actually do the majority
    0:18:21 of the customer service too.
    0:18:23 So yeah, they have customer service people,
    0:18:25 everything goes through customer service.
    0:18:27 So it does take the burden off a little bit that way.
    0:18:31 Is there a strategy in syndicating the listing?
    0:18:33 Like if there are multiple platforms,
    0:18:36 like, well, I might as well put it on Facebook marketplace
    0:18:41 and offer up and we had eBay, like I’m gonna syndicate it.
    0:18:43 Or is it like, no, no, no, I wanna focus all my energy
    0:18:46 onto this one vault platform, for example.
    0:18:48 Yeah, I was using a second platform a lot
    0:18:52 when I first started and I did get to like 350 dresses
    0:18:54 and I had them on two platforms and things.
    0:18:56 I was trying to like not have crossover,
    0:18:58 but there definitely was crossover.
    0:19:00 And then so people were getting unhappy
    0:19:02 because the dress wasn’t coming back in time
    0:19:05 from one platform and it was just like getting really messy.
    0:19:10 So I decided to ultimately just rent on one platform.
    0:19:13 But if, I think if you had a small inventory,
    0:19:14 you know, 50 dresses or something,
    0:19:17 you could definitely probably manage that a lot more easily.
    0:19:20 It was just, I had too many dresses to kind of,
    0:19:21 yeah, keep track of everything.
    0:19:23 – Yeah, well, there’s your next side hustle
    0:19:25 is the inventory management software
    0:19:27 for a grass rental.
    0:19:28 – Oh my gosh. – Like a very niche software.
    0:19:31 Like to manage the listings, like, oh, it got rented out.
    0:19:33 I better take it down off of this other platform.
    0:19:36 – Yeah, I did create like a notion, you know,
    0:19:37 database type thing.
    0:19:38 I didn’t have that going,
    0:19:41 but I think there’s so much like human element involved.
    0:19:42 It’s really hard.
    0:19:43 Like if someone’s just like,
    0:19:45 “Oh, I just forgot to post the dress back.”
    0:19:46 And then you’re just like,
    0:19:48 there’s like nothing you can really do about it.
    0:19:49 You could charge them late fees,
    0:19:52 but you know, you still don’t have the dress
    0:19:53 and you need the dress.
    0:19:54 – Yeah, yeah, I had that.
    0:19:55 I promise that to the next customer.
    0:19:57 – Yeah.
    0:20:00 – And so there’s an element of logistical challenges.
    0:20:02 Anytime you’re moving physical inventory around,
    0:20:04 but what have you found here
    0:20:06 in terms of sticking it in the mail
    0:20:08 and making sure it doesn’t get damaged in transit
    0:20:10 and you said self-insured.
    0:20:12 So like if it shows up, somebody makes a claim,
    0:20:17 like, oh, it was torn or it smelled bad or it didn’t fit.
    0:20:19 Like there’s all sorts of things that could go wrong.
    0:20:20 – Yeah, there is a lot of things that can go wrong,
    0:20:24 especially I’ve noticed a lot more than reselling.
    0:20:25 Like there is, yeah,
    0:20:27 there’s more things that go wrong with the renting.
    0:20:29 I’ve been pretty lucky with the post.
    0:20:32 I think I’ve maybe had one thing go missing ever.
    0:20:33 So that’s been good.
    0:20:36 A lot of these platforms do offer insurance
    0:20:41 and you pay $5, $10 per order to have that insurance.
    0:20:43 And I did do that early on,
    0:20:45 but I found that self-insuring was the way to go
    0:20:49 because they make you jump through so many hoops
    0:20:51 to claim on that insurance.
    0:20:53 They want you to go to two separate dry cleaners
    0:20:56 and get stat decks from those two separate dry cleaners.
    0:20:58 And then they want you to go to a seamstress
    0:21:00 and say, get the stat deck from them
    0:21:01 to say that it can’t be fixed.
    0:21:04 And then it’s like providing all this evidence
    0:21:06 and it just is very time consuming
    0:21:09 and it just wasn’t worth it in the end for me.
    0:21:12 So I decided to just self-insure.
    0:21:16 You get a lot of people who just don’t want to send it back.
    0:21:17 They go, oh, but I’ll buy it from you.
    0:21:19 And I’ll be like, no, it’s actually not for sale.
    0:21:22 I’ve got like 10 rentals coming up on it.
    0:21:23 So you can’t have it.
    0:21:25 So you get a little bit of that.
    0:21:27 – So what happens in that case?
    0:21:28 Or what do you do?
    0:21:31 I mean, eventually it’s like the late fees at the library,
    0:21:34 where I can’t afford to return this book
    0:21:36 ’cause I can’t afford to pay the late fee or something.
    0:21:38 But at a certain point you just need it back.
    0:21:40 – Yeah, well, I guess a lot of girls,
    0:21:42 if they really, really want the dress,
    0:21:45 they’ll just take the late fees up to the maximum amount
    0:21:47 and then they get to keep the dress for like,
    0:21:48 because a lot of these dresses
    0:21:50 that people want are like completely sold out.
    0:21:53 And I think that’s one of the biggest drivers
    0:21:55 is that they would buy it, but they can’t.
    0:21:57 So they have to rent it.
    0:22:00 I did have one case, it was crazy.
    0:22:02 I had this girl, it was,
    0:22:04 and this was like in the first couple of months
    0:22:06 when I started, she rented a dress from me
    0:22:08 and she came and picked it up from my house.
    0:22:10 And I just like have a hook on my front door.
    0:22:12 So I put the dress in a garment bag
    0:22:13 and they can just come pick it up.
    0:22:16 And she came, picked it up and then four days later,
    0:22:18 it was time to bring it back
    0:22:20 and the dress didn’t come back.
    0:22:22 And like the next day, you know, send her a message,
    0:22:23 can you bring it back?
    0:22:27 And she goes to me a bit and then I text her
    0:22:29 and I’m like, can you bring the dress back?
    0:22:32 And she’s said, oh, you know, oh yeah, I’m bring it back.
    0:22:34 And then all these excuses started.
    0:22:37 And then I got my dad’s terminally ill
    0:22:38 and my car broke down
    0:22:41 and like all these excuses day after day.
    0:22:44 And then I was on a Facebook group one day
    0:22:45 for one of the brands
    0:22:47 and someone was saying, does anyone know this girl?
    0:22:50 And it turns out it was like this whole scam
    0:22:52 that she was doing to lots of renters.
    0:22:55 And we all got together and tried to take it to the police.
    0:22:58 And eventually this took like six months
    0:23:00 of going to the police.
    0:23:01 She did get charged
    0:23:03 because she’d done it to so many people,
    0:23:04 like more than 20 people.
    0:23:06 – Wow. – But yeah, she said,
    0:23:08 I’ll meet you at the police station
    0:23:10 and give everyone their dresses back.
    0:23:12 And then of course she never showed up.
    0:23:14 It was like a whole thing.
    0:23:15 So yeah. – Wow.
    0:23:18 – There’s some crazies out there, I can tell you that.
    0:23:20 – Yeah, anytime you’re dealing with the public,
    0:23:23 you open yourself up to just, you know, random stuff.
    0:23:25 You never probably would have considered
    0:23:27 a couple of years ago, getting started.
    0:23:29 But you’re like, oh, I can’t people just be decent
    0:23:30 to each other.
    0:23:31 I don’t know, bothers me.
    0:23:34 But for the most part, send it off in the mail.
    0:23:36 They send it back.
    0:23:38 Is customer responsible for cleaning
    0:23:39 or I’m not gonna introduce that wild card.
    0:23:42 I’m gonna go clean it myself when it gets back.
    0:23:43 – So the platforms like to say
    0:23:45 that you have to dry clean everything,
    0:23:47 but I learnt pretty fast
    0:23:49 that that was gonna eat a lot into my profit margin.
    0:23:53 So I probably dry clean about 20% of the clothes
    0:23:55 because they can only be dry cleaned.
    0:23:57 And that’s not by what’s on the tag
    0:23:58 because most clothes will say
    0:23:59 that they can only be dry cleaned.
    0:24:01 But really there’s probably not that many
    0:24:03 that actually have to be dry cleaned.
    0:24:06 But that has come into my sourcing more and more now
    0:24:08 is that I try to source items
    0:24:10 that can just be put in the washing machine
    0:24:11 and hung out to dry.
    0:24:14 I don’t like to get things that need, you know,
    0:24:16 very specific dry cleaning anymore.
    0:24:18 No matter how much, you know, I could make,
    0:24:19 it’s just not worth the effort.
    0:24:22 – Yeah, ’cause they have to be ironed afterwards.
    0:24:24 You have a team member who comes over and like irons this stuff.
    0:24:25 That’s like my least favorite activity.
    0:24:27 – I iron it, it’s not too bad.
    0:24:30 It’s like I said, like some of the stuff
    0:24:32 that’s dry cleaned obviously comes all ready to go.
    0:24:35 And then yeah, it’s more just like the linen pieces.
    0:24:36 And I’ll just give them a quick iron.
    0:24:39 But what I don’t, I’m not like pedantic about it
    0:24:41 because ultimately you’re putting it in the post
    0:24:44 and it’s gonna get crushed on the way anyway.
    0:24:44 – Sure, sure.
    0:24:46 – So you’re just giving it a quick, you know,
    0:24:47 just so it looks nice.
    0:24:49 But the customer’s gonna iron or steam it
    0:24:50 when it gets to them anyway.
    0:24:51 So yeah.
    0:24:52 – Sure, okay.
    0:24:55 Now with a couple hundred of these garments coming in
    0:24:57 and going out at any given time,
    0:24:59 and I imagine there’s some seasonality to it,
    0:25:02 but like any tools or tech or inventory management system,
    0:25:06 complex spreadsheet or account like you mentioned
    0:25:08 the notion template, what’s what’s going on
    0:25:09 on the trying to figure out, in my mind,
    0:25:11 it might be weeks before I even noticed
    0:25:12 that something hasn’t gotten returned.
    0:25:14 But like it seems like you gotta be on top of it.
    0:25:15 ‘Cause like, oh shoot,
    0:25:16 I owe this to another customer next week.
    0:25:17 – Yeah, definitely.
    0:25:20 Like when I had 350 dresses, I did employ someone.
    0:25:22 Like I just had like an assistant
    0:25:25 and she was ticking off dresses as they come in.
    0:25:27 We tried Notion, we tried spreadsheets.
    0:25:28 It’s really, it’s really, really hard
    0:25:30 when the inventory gets big.
    0:25:32 It’s really hard to keep track of.
    0:25:35 But now that I have around 200 dresses,
    0:25:38 it’s actually not too difficult to keep track of.
    0:25:40 I think you just, it’s like,
    0:25:42 I guess if you’re a teacher and you know your students,
    0:25:45 it’s like, I know my dresses, I know what’s missing.
    0:25:46 I’m like, hey, that dress is missing.
    0:25:47 Where is that dress?
    0:25:51 – I’m not super like rigid in like ticking things off
    0:25:52 and that I probably should be.
    0:25:54 But usually you find out you don’t have it
    0:25:56 if it needs to go back out again too.
    0:25:58 And you’re like, oh, where is that dress?
    0:26:01 – And I see some of them stored behind you
    0:26:04 in the video closet space, spare bedroom space
    0:26:06 that where they’re being stored.
    0:26:09 – Yeah, this is a converted double garage that I converted.
    0:26:12 This was my office for the model agency.
    0:26:16 And now it’s my reselling rental room, I guess.
    0:26:19 So I have a wall to take my photos for the reselling
    0:26:21 and then, yeah, just keep everything in here on rack.
    0:26:25 So you could easily keep it just in a small bedroom, though.
    0:26:28 Probably, yeah, with a closet would be pretty hard
    0:26:29 with 200 dresses.
    0:26:33 Maybe if you had like 70 or 80, you could keep it in a closet.
    0:26:35 – Do you find yourself buying multiple sizes
    0:26:38 of the same style or is it like, I’m gonna buy one.
    0:26:39 I’m gonna see what the demand is like.
    0:26:42 And if it hits and I’m going really wide,
    0:26:45 like I want the full catalog of this particular style.
    0:26:46 I want to be able to serve all different sizes.
    0:26:49 – Yeah, I definitely will buy all the sizes
    0:26:53 because generally the thing is that they will sell out.
    0:26:56 Like I’ve had dresses that sell out within 20 minutes.
    0:26:57 So I have to be on the drop.
    0:27:00 And then it’s a matter of if I didn’t get everything,
    0:27:03 then I have to try and pick it up in the resell market.
    0:27:06 If it’s, yeah, a really popular style.
    0:27:08 – And then the biggest risk is
    0:27:10 the demand doesn’t materialize.
    0:27:11 Like it doesn’t end up renting out
    0:27:13 as often as you thought it would
    0:27:14 or for as much as you thought it would.
    0:27:17 And now you’re kind of like, well, I’m sitting on this
    0:27:19 and I’ve got to go and try and unload it,
    0:27:22 try and resell it to recoup the initial investment.
    0:27:23 – Yeah, but that’s why it’s really important
    0:27:25 to try and get it, get those coupons
    0:27:27 to like find things for 20% off.
    0:27:30 Because then it’s super easy just to offload it.
    0:27:32 Anyone will buy something that’s sold out
    0:27:35 for like if 10% off even.
    0:27:37 Like I said, then usually I can take,
    0:27:40 if that item hasn’t rented, I can list it on eBay.
    0:27:43 And then I’ll probably sell it to someone in the US or UK
    0:27:45 and probably make $200 profit on it.
    0:27:46 So the downside isn’t too bad.
    0:27:49 Like you would think that you’d be stuck with stuff,
    0:27:52 but the biggest downside is probably the damage
    0:27:53 to the dresses.
    0:27:55 And then obviously it becomes quite hard to sell them
    0:27:57 once they’re very damaged.
    0:27:58 – Oh, okay.
    0:27:59 So they come back damaged.
    0:28:01 Like is there a damage deposit?
    0:28:03 Like if I’m renting out a place on Airbnb,
    0:28:05 like, okay, I got to put down the security deposit
    0:28:07 or you know, something like that.
    0:28:09 – You could definitely request security deposits
    0:28:11 and the platforms like allow you to request them,
    0:28:14 but you’re going to severely hinder your rentals
    0:28:16 because people are just going to be like,
    0:28:18 no, I don’t want to pay a deposit.
    0:28:19 You can if you want,
    0:28:21 but you won’t be renting that many dresses probably.
    0:28:22 – Okay.
    0:28:24 And so it’s just kind of, you know, what happens
    0:28:25 if you get it back and be like,
    0:28:28 dude, there’s a huge tear down the side.
    0:28:30 Did you expect me not to notice that?
    0:28:31 – Yeah.
    0:28:32 – What do you want?
    0:28:33 Or are people more upfront and be like,
    0:28:34 oh, I’m so sorry.
    0:28:36 You know, I got it snagged on.
    0:28:37 – You get a bit of both.
    0:28:40 So you get, you do get people that are like,
    0:28:41 oh, I’m so sorry.
    0:28:43 Like I broke the zip, I’ll send you money.
    0:28:46 I’ve even had people put cash in with the dress.
    0:28:47 So I’m so sorry.
    0:28:50 Like here’s the money to fix the zip or whatever.
    0:28:52 So you do get some really good people,
    0:28:55 but then obviously you get some special people
    0:28:58 who send it back and it looks like, you know,
    0:29:01 they’ve rolled around in the mud, jumped in the fire,
    0:29:02 howled at the moon.
    0:29:05 Like it looks really bad.
    0:29:08 Like it’s just totally wrecked.
    0:29:10 And you’re like, what, like you try to,
    0:29:12 I did have a game on Instagram for a while
    0:29:15 with my followers, like guess what happened in this dress?
    0:29:18 Because like I’d show the stains and like it was really funny.
    0:29:21 But yeah, sometimes they just come back destroyed.
    0:29:24 And so, I mean, if they’re completely destroyed
    0:29:26 and the person is just ghosting me,
    0:29:29 then that’s where I’m basically self-insured.
    0:29:31 So I just have to cop it on the chin.
    0:29:33 The platforms will follow up to a degree.
    0:29:35 They’ll say, you know, can you pay?
    0:29:38 But ultimately they don’t have to pay.
    0:29:41 Like I would have to, you know, file a police report
    0:29:43 or something to try and get them to pay.
    0:29:45 Or I think you could take it to small claims.
    0:29:48 I do see people, you know, those girls in their 20s,
    0:29:52 they get on the Facebook groups and start ranting
    0:29:53 and saying that they’re going to take things
    0:29:55 to small claims court or things like that.
    0:29:57 I just too old for that stuff.
    0:30:00 So I’m just like, whatever.
    0:30:02 And yeah, sometimes you can sell stuff with damage.
    0:30:04 You just disclose the damage.
    0:30:06 You say, look, the hems torn,
    0:30:09 but you can easily, you know, get a seamstress to redo it.
    0:30:11 I did have a seamstress kind of on tap for a while
    0:30:13 that I was taking stuff to.
    0:30:16 But I think, again, it’s just like a time thing.
    0:30:18 It’s just not really worth it for me.
    0:30:20 – Okay. Yeah, it’s kind of at a certain point,
    0:30:24 it just becomes, you know, a loss, you know, a percent loss.
    0:30:25 – Yeah. – Like stores expect
    0:30:27 some level of shoplifting, unfortunately.
    0:30:28 – Yeah, exactly. – Like it’s just,
    0:30:29 it’s a cost to do in business.
    0:30:32 And, you know, hopefully you’re diversified enough
    0:30:33 in terms of transaction volume
    0:30:36 that a couple of bad things that happen
    0:30:37 are just kind of par for the course.
    0:30:38 – Yeah, exactly.
    0:30:39 It’s exactly like shoplifting.
    0:30:41 That’s how I always explain it.
    0:30:44 You know, you’ve got to expect that some bad things happen,
    0:30:46 but for the most part, it’s pretty good.
    0:30:47 – More with summer in just a moment,
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    0:33:28 – Okay, like if you have something that’s really hot,
    0:33:30 like, oh, it’s been rented a bunch of times.
    0:33:32 Is there a rule of thumb?
    0:33:33 Okay, it’s getting worn out.
    0:33:35 Like I gotta resell it or like I have to,
    0:33:36 let’s ride this cash cow.
    0:33:38 Let’s see how many more times we can rent it.
    0:33:43 Like is there a metric or some sort of rule of thumb there
    0:33:44 for like, when is it time to flip
    0:33:47 and get out before it gets too cold?
    0:33:49 – I think it just comes down to experience.
    0:33:50 I don’t think there’s like a spreadsheet
    0:33:52 or I could say if it’s rented 10 times.
    0:33:54 It will depend on the material.
    0:33:56 So certain materials will hold up better than others.
    0:33:59 So something that silk probably doesn’t hold up usually
    0:34:02 that well as opposed to something that’s like 100% linen
    0:34:04 will usually go quite well.
    0:34:06 You know, it will depend on how much it’s fading and stuff.
    0:34:10 I think that a lot of the time, like when I first started,
    0:34:14 I was really concerned about it looking pristine.
    0:34:16 And I think what I’ve come to realize
    0:34:19 is that people expect it to be secondhand.
    0:34:21 They know it’s a secondhand dress.
    0:34:23 They know other people have worn it.
    0:34:28 So it doesn’t really matter if like, it’s clearly been worn.
    0:34:31 Like obviously they don’t want a hole in it or whatever.
    0:34:36 But like, yeah, the expectations aren’t too bad, I think.
    0:34:38 I mean, you get the odd one who’s like,
    0:34:40 this should be brand new, why isn’t this brand new?
    0:34:43 But yeah, people do expect that it’s been worn.
    0:34:44 Yeah, that’s fair.
    0:34:47 It’s like getting in a rental car or even vacation rental,
    0:34:49 like you know that other people have been in there.
    0:34:50 Okay, that’s fair.
    0:34:52 – So when to flip it, I guess if, yeah,
    0:34:55 if it just starts to look really tired and old,
    0:34:56 then I’ll probably just flip it.
    0:34:58 It might come down to like just getting
    0:35:00 to the end of the season.
    0:35:03 So for us, it’s quite busy from kind of September
    0:35:05 till April.
    0:35:08 And so maybe, you know, I would start getting rid of stuff
    0:35:11 towards April, May, June and getting that cash in
    0:35:14 ready to buy new stuff for the next season.
    0:35:15 – In the next years, okay.
    0:35:19 – So it could come down to cash flow or yeah, just demand.
    0:35:21 Like I can see that, yeah, people just,
    0:35:24 it’s just not in demand and just becomes a math equation.
    0:35:27 Then like, obviously when you’re buying a dress,
    0:35:29 you’re buying cash flow basically.
    0:35:33 So the dress, just like a house, the dress is the asset
    0:35:35 and I’m buying the cash flow from the rentals.
    0:35:38 And so I’ve got to kind of make a mathematical decision
    0:35:41 is, you know, the money best sitting in the dress
    0:35:44 or is it best moving it on and buying something
    0:35:47 that’s kind of yielding a better rental?
    0:35:50 – Yeah, I mean, what an interesting cash flowing asset.
    0:35:53 Something I never would have considered, but yeah,
    0:35:57 here are these marketplaces that need people like you
    0:35:59 and like Summer to fill the inventory here.
    0:36:01 So that’s super interesting.
    0:36:03 Do you ever get people, you know, if you send it out,
    0:36:05 they rented this certain size and they’re like,
    0:36:07 oh shoot, it doesn’t fit and the wedding’s tomorrow.
    0:36:09 Like, sorry, I can’t help you.
    0:36:10 Like what happens?
    0:36:11 – Yeah, you definitely get that.
    0:36:14 People always think they’re skinnier than they are.
    0:36:16 So it’s always, usually it’s too small.
    0:36:18 And yeah, sometimes people will hit you up
    0:36:20 and say, well, can I get a refund?
    0:36:21 And I’ll be like, no,
    0:36:24 because you essentially did the whole rental,
    0:36:25 like I posted it to you.
    0:36:28 Sometimes I will give them back the cleaning fee
    0:36:29 if they haven’t worn it, I will say like,
    0:36:33 if you return it on one, I can refund you the cleaning fee,
    0:36:36 just, you know, as for goodwill, I guess.
    0:36:38 But ultimately they have taken it out of the rental pool
    0:36:40 for that amount of time.
    0:36:43 So I do need to be compensated for that.
    0:36:46 A lot of people will try and be tricky.
    0:36:47 And like, well, first of all,
    0:36:49 they’ll ask you for a try on service.
    0:36:52 So they’ll say, oh, I’ll pay to just post it to me
    0:36:53 so I can try it on.
    0:36:56 And then I’ll, you know, I’ll send it back.
    0:36:57 So they just want to pay for the post.
    0:37:00 They’re like, oh, I won’t wear it, which is a bit silly.
    0:37:03 And then sometimes people try and trick you into that.
    0:37:04 So they’ll book a rental
    0:37:07 and then they’ll try and do the, oh, it doesn’t fit me.
    0:37:10 And I guess some newbies might be like, oh, that’s okay.
    0:37:12 Just post it back and we’ll give you full refund.
    0:37:14 And I guess with time you learn
    0:37:18 that you’ve been taken advantage of a little bit.
    0:37:19 – That’s code for I’m gonna wear it all weekend
    0:37:21 and then tell you it didn’t fit.
    0:37:22 – Exactly.
    0:37:26 – Yeah, yeah, so many ins and outs in this industry.
    0:37:26 – Yeah.
    0:37:27 – It’s kind of crazy.
    0:37:29 So I’m picturing a day in the life,
    0:37:32 especially during busy season, checking inventory levels,
    0:37:35 like managing the in and out of receiving stuff in,
    0:37:39 taking it to the cleaners, dry cleaning it, ironing,
    0:37:42 and then sending out kind of the next weekend’s batch
    0:37:45 of inventory, like anything else that’s going into it
    0:37:47 on a day-to-day basis.
    0:37:48 It sounds like on the marketing side,
    0:37:52 it’s primarily just putting your buy button up for sale
    0:37:54 on these existing marketplaces,
    0:37:57 like, you know, tapping into their traffic.
    0:37:59 – Yeah, the listings are like so easy,
    0:38:01 it’s so much easier than like eBay,
    0:38:03 like an eBay listing for reselling is,
    0:38:04 there’s a lot of thought.
    0:38:07 I’ve even created a chat GPT bot
    0:38:09 to like do my eBay listings really well.
    0:38:12 Like there’s a lot that goes into it with the rentee.
    0:38:12 It’s not like that.
    0:38:16 I just kind of chuck up whatever is on the website
    0:38:18 and it takes like two seconds.
    0:38:21 So yeah, like a day in the life is basically
    0:38:24 the postman comes and drops off packages at my door
    0:38:26 at about eight o’clock in the morning.
    0:38:28 And then I just bring them inside
    0:38:29 so no one else steal them.
    0:38:32 And then I can, you know, put the stuff
    0:38:32 in the washing machine.
    0:38:34 – How funny, do you think they’re like, yeah,
    0:38:35 this woman gets a lot of mail.
    0:38:36 What’s going on here?
    0:38:38 – Yeah, they’re like, whoa,
    0:38:40 because I have the stuff for reselling coming too.
    0:38:42 So I get a lot of packages.
    0:38:44 But yeah, the postie and I are on good terms.
    0:38:48 He knows where the side gate is if the big gate’s closed.
    0:38:50 So yeah, he just comes and drops it off
    0:38:53 and I just will open up the packages
    0:38:56 and then put whatever needs to be put in the washing machine
    0:38:58 and then, you know, section out what needs to go
    0:38:59 the dry cleaner.
    0:39:01 And that’s pretty much it in the mornings.
    0:39:03 And then I’ll just maybe at about three o’clock
    0:39:05 I’ll start packaging up.
    0:39:09 It takes me maybe an hour to do seven or eight dresses
    0:39:10 if I need to do that many
    0:39:13 and take them to the post office around the corner.
    0:39:15 I actually could have the postie come and pick it up
    0:39:17 but we just take it to our post office.
    0:39:19 And then that’s it.
    0:39:21 Drop the other stuff off at the dry cleaner.
    0:39:23 Yeah, it’s not time intensive.
    0:39:25 It’s not a time intensive.
    0:39:29 It’s more of a capital intensive business, I would say.
    0:39:32 But there are ways to, you can start with no money down
    0:39:35 which is, you know, something that I teach to my students.
    0:39:37 So basically, if you wanna get started,
    0:39:38 the two ways you can get started
    0:39:41 without putting a lot of money into inventory
    0:39:44 is you can work on a consignment model.
    0:39:46 So you can go to all your friends and family
    0:39:48 and say, who’s got dresses?
    0:39:49 They want me to rent.
    0:39:51 – Oh yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, I like it.
    0:39:53 – Yeah, you could get started that way
    0:39:56 or the other way is, and this might be a bit controversial
    0:39:59 but you can buy things on, say if you’re in the US,
    0:40:02 you could buy things on somewhere like Revolve
    0:40:05 that have, you know, change of mind return policies.
    0:40:07 And you could see, put it up for rent, see if it rents.
    0:40:09 If it doesn’t rent, you send it back
    0:40:12 and before you have to pay your credit card.
    0:40:15 And then you can get a feel for what rents
    0:40:17 and at least then if you have gotten that piece
    0:40:19 that rents you’ve already recouped, you know,
    0:40:22 a third of your investment straight off the bat
    0:40:24 before you’ve actually had to pay any money out.
    0:40:27 – Okay, and imagine a lot of stores have that similar,
    0:40:30 even if it’s a 30 day return policy,
    0:40:32 it’s gonna give you a low risk way
    0:40:35 to validate the demand or test the demand, I don’t know.
    0:40:37 – Yeah, or if you just wanna try it out, yeah.
    0:40:38 – That’s fair.
    0:40:39 Well, we’ve got the rental business,
    0:40:41 you’ve got the profit collective,
    0:40:43 you’ve got the reselling business.
    0:40:44 What’s next for you?
    0:40:45 What are you excited about this year?
    0:40:48 – So I put out courses on the reselling.
    0:40:50 So I have a course called Pre-Lover Profit
    0:40:52 and then I have the course on the rentals
    0:40:53 called Rental Riches.
    0:40:54 And that’s kind of like blowing up
    0:40:57 to the point where I actually closed my model agency
    0:40:59 after 15 years at the end of June
    0:41:02 because it just kind of blew up pretty big.
    0:41:04 So yeah, I’m just gonna keep teaching women
    0:41:06 how to do what I’m doing basically,
    0:41:08 or men if they wanna learn.
    0:41:09 – I never asked like, is there a market
    0:41:12 for like I’m gonna rent out a suit
    0:41:14 or like men will be the equivalent on the men’s side?
    0:41:15 – I think there would be.
    0:41:17 Like you can definitely, even with the women’s,
    0:41:20 you can rent out jackets or coats and things like that.
    0:41:22 It’s not a massive market in Australia
    0:41:24 because it’s just too hot here basically.
    0:41:25 – Okay, okay.
    0:41:26 – There’s not many parts of the country
    0:41:28 that are like cold enough for coats all the time.
    0:41:30 Like there is elsewhere,
    0:41:33 but I’m sure that you probably could do things
    0:41:34 with men’s stuff.
    0:41:36 I don’t know, are you gonna do it, Nick?
    0:41:38 Are you gonna put your clothes up?
    0:41:42 – I love this like idea of getting paid over and over again
    0:41:43 from something that you do once.
    0:41:45 I could not start in my closet
    0:41:48 ’cause it’s been decades since I got any new clothes,
    0:41:50 but it’s such an interesting one.
    0:41:52 And it’s like, if you’re gonna go after the men’s market,
    0:41:54 maybe you’re gonna be a big player
    0:41:57 if there’s no existing supply base there
    0:42:00 or there’s more people doing it on the dress rental side.
    0:42:02 It’s more established, it’s more of a thing.
    0:42:03 – It’s really interesting to think about it
    0:42:05 as like an asset class in general
    0:42:07 because people might think that I’m crazy
    0:42:10 because I did put a hundred grand into dresses.
    0:42:12 Like in that first year, people were like,
    0:42:13 what are you doing?
    0:42:15 Like, and I said, well,
    0:42:18 but it’s an asset that I can resell afterwards
    0:42:21 for the same price I paid for it, if not more.
    0:42:22 And it’s giving me cash flow in between
    0:42:26 for pretty, you know, a low amount of work.
    0:42:28 So I think it’s really interesting to think about
    0:42:30 and something I’ve been talking about on Instagram
    0:42:32 a lot this week with my followers was like,
    0:42:34 how you could, you know, in Australia,
    0:42:37 it’s all about, oh, no one can afford to buy a house.
    0:42:39 You know, houses are so expensive here
    0:42:42 and people, you know, might be able to save say 30 grand
    0:42:43 for a house deposit,
    0:42:45 but that’s not enough for a house deposit.
    0:42:46 You need 200 grand here
    0:42:48 ’cause like the average house price is a million dollars now.
    0:42:51 And I was like, well, what if you, you know,
    0:42:54 took that 30 grand invested it into some dresses,
    0:42:55 took that rental income
    0:42:57 and then the reselling income over the course of two years
    0:43:00 and you could turn it into 200 grand quite easily.
    0:43:02 So it’s something to think about.
    0:43:05 – Yeah, dresses as an asset class, like you said,
    0:43:06 it is capital intensive,
    0:43:09 but you’ve kind of protected your downside.
    0:43:12 Like, oh, I’m hopefully gonna cash flow in the near term.
    0:43:14 And if I bought well enough upfront,
    0:43:16 I can recoup sometimes even better
    0:43:18 than my acquisition cost on the back end,
    0:43:21 you know, despite the wear and tear and depreciation.
    0:43:22 Like, it’s really interesting,
    0:43:23 something that we’d never have when you,
    0:43:26 your email came across as like, what a random,
    0:43:29 so yeah, I get a kick out of businesses like this for sure.
    0:43:32 So follow along, summer is at the Profit Collective.
    0:43:34 You can find her on Instagram over there.
    0:43:38 And if you hit up the profitcollective.co/rookie,
    0:43:40 you can join her free masterclass
    0:43:44 on the three biggest mistakes that newbies are making
    0:43:47 when starting a pre-loved clothing business.
    0:43:51 Again, the profitcollective.co/rookie for that.
    0:43:53 Summer, this has been awesome.
    0:43:54 Thank you for joining me.
    0:43:56 I always get a kick out of stuff like this.
    0:43:56 – No problem.
    0:43:58 – Let’s wrap this thing up
    0:44:00 with your number one tip for side hustle nation.
    0:44:02 – If you think you can or you think you can’t,
    0:44:03 you’re right.
    0:44:06 So I get a lot of people say that they,
    0:44:08 all the reasons they can’t start their side hustles.
    0:44:10 So they can’t start their side hustle
    0:44:12 because of where they live or, you know,
    0:44:14 how much money they have or something like that.
    0:44:16 And whether they think they can or they can’t,
    0:44:18 they’re right because I had a girl
    0:44:21 who messaged me just yesterday, actually,
    0:44:23 and she said, “Oh, I would love to do what you do,
    0:44:26 but I live in Italy and it’s a really small market here.”
    0:44:28 And so I looked up the population of Australia in Italy
    0:44:30 and I said, “Actually, you have doubled
    0:44:33 the population of Australia.”
    0:44:34 So that’s not an excuse.
    0:44:35 So I think a lot of–
    0:44:36 – Smaller geographically, yeah.
    0:44:39 – Yeah, I’m like, so that can’t be an excuse.
    0:44:42 So a lot of people think that, you know,
    0:44:43 that I’m special because I live in Australia
    0:44:45 or because I had a model agency
    0:44:46 and I have a background in fashion and all these things.
    0:44:49 But I think that all these things can be learned.
    0:44:52 And yeah, you just have to have the right attitude
    0:44:53 that you can make it work for you.
    0:44:55 – Yeah, what an interesting business.
    0:44:57 Whether you think you can or you think you can’t,
    0:45:01 you are right, a little Henry Ford wisdom from that,
    0:45:03 which was my one and only corporate job working for Ford.
    0:45:04 – Oh, there you go.
    0:45:06 – Obviously long after Henry passed,
    0:45:08 but whether you think you can or think you can’t,
    0:45:09 you are right.
    0:45:12 Make sure to grab your free listener only bonus
    0:45:13 for this week.
    0:45:14 We’ve been talking about dresses,
    0:45:16 but it’s just one of a lot of different things
    0:45:17 that you can rent out for a profit.
    0:45:21 So the listener bonus is 25 other unconventional rental
    0:45:23 ideas that you might be able to borrow
    0:45:25 some of Summers Playbook for.
    0:45:28 And a lot of these different assets and products
    0:45:30 already have these preexisting marketplaces
    0:45:32 that you can tap into.
    0:45:34 They’ve already kind of validated the demand
    0:45:35 and gotten people used to saying,
    0:45:37 well, hey, this is something that I don’t have to buy out,
    0:45:39 this is something that I can rent
    0:45:41 for just the time period that I need it.
    0:45:43 So make sure to grab that.
    0:45:46 It’s a free PDF download at the show notes for this episode.
    0:45:49 You can follow the link in the episode description
    0:45:50 and I’ll get you right over there.
    0:45:53 Now, another recent rental episode
    0:45:55 that we did, another example of this
    0:45:58 was Gary Graywell’s moving box rental service
    0:45:59 like renting out plastic bins.
    0:46:02 Definitely an interesting one, episode 635.
    0:46:05 He ended up partnering with a local moving company
    0:46:08 to handle the storage and the delivery logistics
    0:46:10 and was like, let’s take up a lot of space
    0:46:11 if I got 50 or 100 of these things.
    0:46:13 So you don’t have to scroll too far in the archives
    0:46:15 to find that one and get 635.
    0:46:18 And then another one from a year, year and a half ago
    0:46:24 is 564 with Lenny Tim on his mobility scooter rental business.
    0:46:27 He’s doing this in LA and yeah,
    0:46:28 I think he had a fleet of six or seven of these
    0:46:31 and he would deliver them to nearby hotels.
    0:46:34 Like mostly for, you know, people, travelers, tourists,
    0:46:35 people coming into LA from out of town,
    0:46:38 like it doesn’t make sense to bring my own mobility scooter.
    0:46:40 So I got a rent one while I’m in town
    0:46:43 and he was making a few grand a month doing that on the side.
    0:46:48 So lots of different things that you might be able to rent out
    0:46:49 and you just start to notice these things
    0:46:51 as you go to back to day to day.
    0:46:53 And like, oh, what are those things
    0:46:55 that are maybe a little more expensive
    0:46:56 than you’d like to pay for something?
    0:46:59 How many times are we really going to use that thing?
    0:47:02 And dresses can check that box for those weddings
    0:47:02 or those one-off events.
    0:47:04 But Summer, thanks so much for sharing your insight.
    0:47:05 Big thanks to our sponsors
    0:47:08 for helping make this content free for everyone.
    0:47:10 You can hit up sidehustlenation.com/deals
    0:47:13 for all the latest offers from our sponsors in one place.
    0:47:15 Thank you for supporting the advertisers
    0:47:16 that support the show.
    0:47:18 That is it for me.
    0:47:19 Thank you so much for tuning in.
    0:47:20 If you find a value in the show,
    0:47:22 the greatest compliment is to share it with a friend.
    0:47:26 So fire off a text message to that fashionable friend of yours
    0:47:28 and say, “Hey, have you ever thought about this?
    0:47:29 Check this one out.”
    0:47:31 Until next time, let’s go out there and make something happen
    0:47:34 and I’ll catch you in the next edition of The Side Hustle Show.

    In 2022, Summer Fisher discovered the world of renting out dresses.

    “Oh, well, I have all these dresses. Let me just put one up,” she told Yahoo Finance.

    Now with a streamlined inventory of around 200 pieces, she made $150,000 last year using what she calls a “double-dip profit strategy” — renting dresses multiple times before selling them for more than she paid.

    (Check out her free masterclass at theprofitcollective.co/RookieResellerMistakes.)

    Tune in to episode 652 of The Side Hustle Show to learn:

    • Summer’s favorite brands to rent out.
    • Her pricing and profit margin math on her inventory.
    • The logistics of shipping and selling dresses.
    • and more.

    Full Show Notes: $150k Renting Out Dresses as a Side Hustle

    New to the Show? Get your personalized money-making playlist here!

    Sponsors:

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  • Conversation with Anger Professor Dr. Ryan Martin — The Science of Anger

    AI transcript
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    0:01:24 In a darkly comedic look at motherhood and society’s expectations, Academy Award-nominated Amy Adams stars as a passionate artist who puts her career on hold to stay home with her young son.
    0:01:31 But her maternal instincts take a wild and surreal turn as she discovers the best, yet fiercest part of herself.
    0:01:37 Based on the acclaimed novel, “NightBitch” is a thought-provoking and wickedly humorous film from Searchlight Pictures.
    0:01:42 Stream “NightBitch” January 24 only on Disney+.
    0:01:44 Episode 333.
    0:01:52 Episode 333 is a major North-South highway in the U.S. In 1933, the first Krispy Kreme opened in Nashville, Tennessee.
    0:01:55 What did the coffee cake say to the donut while they were having sex?
    0:01:58 Oh my God, you’re gonna make me crumb.
    0:02:06 I like that. Dad joke and pornographic. Little dad porn.
    0:02:09 Go, go, go!
    0:02:20 Welcome to the 333rd episode of the Prop G-Pod. What’s happening?
    0:02:26 The dog is back home in London, so I’m dealing with, okay, first off, I’m running on empty.
    0:02:30 I got back here, I’m jet lagged. I’m a night person to begin with, so I typically stay up till four.
    0:02:38 And unfortunately, I am with, or fortunately, I’m with my 14-year-old who has to be up at seven for this whole just awful shitty construct called school.
    0:02:44 And I get up with him and I make him a bagel, which he doesn’t eat. He doesn’t like my cooking.
    0:02:49 And then we hang out for a little bit and then he’s off and I’ve been up too long to get back to sleep.
    0:02:52 And then it is chaos in my house with the dogs, the dog walkers.
    0:02:58 I moved into basically home that is, we’re redoing and it’s not done, so I’m literally running on empty right now.
    0:03:02 Like, I cannot, I can’t see anything. I’m so, I’m so tired.
    0:03:13 Anyways, in today’s episode, we speak with Dr. Ryan Martin, an anger expert, psychology professor and author of How to Deal with Angry People and Why We Get Mad, How to Use Your Anger for Positive Change.
    0:03:20 We discussed with Ryan why we get mad, how to deal with anger in a better way, and how to model healthy emotional habits for the next generation.
    0:03:30 Okay, moving on and just a reminder that we recorded this on Tuesday, Tiktok pulled a dramatic disappearing act this weekend and just as quickly came back.
    0:03:33 Let’s break down what happened. Tiktok shut down lasted about 14 hours.
    0:03:38 During that time, users couldn’t access the app or download it from Apple or Google Play stores.
    0:03:44 The app showed a message that it was offline due to a law banning Tiktok unless it sold to a non-Chinese owner.
    0:03:48 Tiktok posted a pop-up message asking users to stay tuned.
    0:03:55 Then, early Sunday, Trump announced he would issue an executive order delaying the enforcement of the ban once he takes office.
    0:03:58 Within hours, Tiktok was back online.
    0:04:08 Tiktok welcomed its 170 million American users back with a message that read, “As a result of President Trump’s efforts, Tiktok is back in the U.S.”
    0:04:12 Okay, great. So what’s going on here?
    0:04:21 So first off, I think this is kind of a part of a much bigger picture and what I loosely refer to is we are no longer a serious people.
    0:04:27 So the ban, they had six months to try and figure out what to do or come to some sort of accommodation.
    0:04:29 You know what they said to us?
    0:04:31 “Hold my beer. We don’t believe you.”
    0:04:34 So what did we do, the most powerful nation in the world?
    0:04:36 We blinked.
    0:04:42 Instead, just kidding, just kidding, we’re going to give you another 60, 75, 90 days.
    0:04:44 Folks, what do you think is going to happen now?
    0:04:46 Now that we have even less credibility.
    0:04:49 Oh, and by the way, by the way, what is evidence?
    0:04:55 What is the best piece of data I can give you for why Tiktok should be banned?
    0:05:01 In the last 24 hours, they were able to rally, inspire, light up, on demand.
    0:05:08 Tens of millions of people within the U.S. to apply political pressure that resulted in the President of the United States going back on a law.
    0:05:10 A law upheld by the Supreme Court.
    0:05:11 Why?
    0:05:17 Because whether it’s Tiktok, a Singapore-based company, or the CCP, which legally mandates any company in China,
    0:05:25 or give its data over or comply with Chinese interests, essentially they were able to spin up propaganda
    0:05:30 and inspire action to put political pressure on the President and the administration of lawmakers,
    0:05:34 which is exactly why it should be banned.
    0:05:36 What happens when they invade Taiwan?
    0:05:39 What happens when they think of issues that divide us even further
    0:05:43 and they can just spin up and elevate content such that we either divide each other
    0:05:46 or do things that serve their interests and not ours?
    0:05:53 For God’s sakes, would we let the Kremlin control CBS, NBC, and ABC in the ’60s?
    0:05:54 What’s Trump’s plan?
    0:05:58 He floated the idea of a 50-50 joint venture between ByteDance and American owner,
    0:06:01 though it’s unclear if that would satisfy lawmakers.
    0:06:02 So there’s a term for this.
    0:06:04 I know Tiktok’s an amazing company.
    0:06:06 He said it’s worth a trillion dollars.
    0:06:09 The U.S. is going to be a joint partner with Tiktok.
    0:06:12 We’re going to own 50% of it, said President Trump.
    0:06:13 There’s a word for that.
    0:06:17 There’s a word for that public-private partnership in business.
    0:06:19 Socialism.
    0:06:25 That’s literally the definition of socialism when the means of production is owned by and controlled by the government.
    0:06:29 And we have decided through centuries of capitalism,
    0:06:34 and it has been proven over and over, that the government is shitty at owning businesses.
    0:06:37 They’re okay at running the Navy and the National Park Service
    0:06:40 and running operations where there’s no profit incentive.
    0:06:42 That’s where traditional media come with a profit incentive.
    0:06:45 When the government gets involved, it’s just not a good idea.
    0:06:50 It wasn’t a good idea when the U.K. decided to invest in this hot new automobile company.
    0:06:51 Was it Tesla? No.
    0:06:52 It was a company called DeLorean.
    0:06:55 Was it a good idea when Obama invested a ton of money in Ceylandra
    0:06:57 or gave low-interest loans to Tesla?
    0:06:58 Probably not.
    0:07:02 Generally speaking, the government is not good at running for-profit enterprises.
    0:07:04 And we’ve come to the conclusion that in America,
    0:07:09 we let the full-body contact violence of competition decide who the winner is
    0:07:12 and hopefully implement a progressive tax structure, which we have not done,
    0:07:15 as corporations are paying the lowest taxes since 1939,
    0:07:19 such that we can pay for our Navy and our seniors and food stamps.
    0:07:21 But instead, we’re going to have ownership.
    0:07:24 We’re going to do a deal of 50% with TikTok.
    0:07:27 That just makes absolutely no sense.
    0:07:29 We are not a serious people here.
    0:07:32 Between the kleptocracy of the Trump meme coin,
    0:07:35 where now basically anybody can transfer money to the president
    0:07:38 without anybody knowing, without any SEC filings.
    0:07:40 Hey, here’s an idea.
    0:07:42 This is Vlad, Dear President Trump.
    0:07:44 Congratulations on your victory.
    0:07:48 What if I bought 600 billion rubles worth of the Trump coin,
    0:07:50 which would make you one of the wealthiest men in the world?
    0:07:55 And by the way, in unrelated news, could you please seize arms shipments to Ukraine?
    0:07:56 That is literally where we are.
    0:08:00 We’ve decided that on certain issues, the government, we’ve embraced socialism,
    0:08:03 but at the same time, we’re just with this weird fucking mix,
    0:08:07 this soup, if you will, this melange, this palate cleanser.
    0:08:10 Although it’s not a palate cleanser, it’s more like indigestion.
    0:08:12 It’s more like swallowing a big jagged pool.
    0:08:15 It’s more like an awful peanut, rancid peanut butter,
    0:08:17 and the worst fucking chocolate you’ve ever had,
    0:08:20 combination of a kleptocracy and socialism.
    0:08:22 We are not a serious people.
    0:08:25 We’ll be right back for our conversation with Dr. Ryan Martin.
    0:08:30 This week on ProfG Markets,
    0:08:34 we speak with Andrew Ross Sorkin, editor-at-large of Dealbook at The New York Times
    0:08:37 and co-anchor of CNBC’s Squawk Box.
    0:08:40 We discuss the key economic trends he’s watching for Trump’s second term,
    0:08:42 the evolving landscape of the AI market,
    0:08:46 and the rumors that China is considering selling TikTok to Elon Musk.
    0:08:51 If China is prepared to sell to Elon Musk and only to Elon Musk,
    0:08:56 what does that say about the leverage and influence that China must think
    0:09:02 that they have over Elon Musk by dint of his factories and Tesla business
    0:09:06 in the nation state that is China?
    0:09:11 You can find that conversation and many others exclusively on the ProfG Markets podcast.
    0:09:15 Support for the show comes from Nerd Wallet.
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    0:10:23 [Music]
    0:10:24 Welcome back.
    0:10:26 Here’s our conversation with Dr. Ryan Martin,
    0:10:29 an anger expert, see above my views on TikTok.
    0:10:31 Jesus Christ, little angry?
    0:10:33 How about a little dog with your anger?
    0:10:36 Psychology professor and author of How to Deal with Angry People
    0:10:40 and Why We Get Mad, How to Use Your Anger for Positive Change.
    0:10:43 Professor Martin, where does this podcast find you?
    0:10:47 I am in Green Bay, Wisconsin, in my office.
    0:10:49 Let’s bust right into it.
    0:10:53 In your book Why We Get Mad, How to Use Your Anger for Positive Change,
    0:10:58 you broke down all things anger, including how to both cope with and use anger to your advantage.
    0:11:00 So, let’s start there.
    0:11:04 What is anger and how does it affect us and the people around us?
    0:11:08 Yeah, so anger is an emotion.
    0:11:15 It’s everything from the mild frustration we feel when we can’t find our car keys in the morning
    0:11:23 to the intense rage we might feel when we are treated just truly, truly terribly or poorly.
    0:11:28 And as an emotion, though, it, of course, affects our behavior.
    0:11:35 It encourages us to do, you know, sometimes positive things but also sometimes negative things.
    0:11:41 So, the way it affects the people around us is that, you know, we can end up hurting people when we’re angry.
    0:11:44 We can end up criticizing people when we’re angry.
    0:11:50 We can end up engaging in dangerous behaviors that either may accidentally harm us or someone else
    0:11:53 or just are unhealthy, right?
    0:11:58 And people use, you know, alcohol and other drugs when they’re angry and so on.
    0:12:01 So, it affects people in all those ways.
    0:12:07 So, I often say that I’m, I struggle with anger and depression and I’m curious,
    0:12:13 well, I’ll describe how I register anger, maybe I’m mislabeling it, but something triggers me.
    0:12:20 Something dumb, sometimes it’s something on social media or, I don’t know, something upsets me.
    0:12:24 I get so pissed off.
    0:12:28 And oftentimes, I’d say most of the time, it’s anger at myself.
    0:12:32 And then it’s like my blood turns to acid.
    0:12:38 And I know this burning sensation and then it stops and I’m exhausted.
    0:12:43 And then I go into this depression, like, like acid has run through my veins,
    0:12:50 tired me out and now I’m just down. It goes from anger to depression.
    0:12:55 You know, I think that what you’re describing is a relatively common phenomenon
    0:12:59 that, you know, our emotions don’t happen in a vacuum.
    0:13:02 We have a tendency to talk about them individually.
    0:13:05 And I think because that’s the simplest way to think about them.
    0:13:09 But the truth is that we are angry at the same time.
    0:13:14 We’re sad or depressed or scared or guilty or a host of other things.
    0:13:19 And so what ends up happening is moments like what you’re describing.
    0:13:21 We come across something.
    0:13:27 We don’t like it either because we find it to be unfair or we find it to be, you know,
    0:13:33 poor treatment or because it gets in the way of our goals and being able to achieve those goals.
    0:13:38 And so we react negatively to that.
    0:13:41 Now, of course, if you just take one of those types of provocations,
    0:13:46 I just meant, you know, not being able to achieve our goals or having our goals blocked.
    0:13:50 Of course, that’s going to lead to feelings other than just anger, right?
    0:13:57 And it makes sense that another emotion that can stem from that is sadness or depression
    0:13:59 or fear or some other feeling.
    0:14:03 And what was interesting that he said there too is that in, I don’t know if this is what you meant.
    0:14:05 So if you meant something different, definitely correct me.
    0:14:11 But, you know, this idea of acid running through your veins for me and for a lot of people when they’re angry,
    0:14:15 it becomes this lens that they’re looking at the world through, right?
    0:14:23 And so all of a sudden a lot of other stuff that happens in their life is interpreted in a very negative way, right?
    0:14:24 It’s that sort of phenomenon.
    0:14:25 I’ve had a bad morning.
    0:14:29 And because I’ve had a bad morning, all of these little other things that are happening
    0:14:32 are sort of filtered through that experience.
    0:14:37 And this sort of negativity begets more negativity and more negativity.
    0:14:39 And it just kind of keeps going that way.
    0:14:44 And so, yeah, it makes sense that there’s this sadness or depression that follows.
    0:14:47 My father used to say that anger is fine as long as it’s planned.
    0:14:52 And it reminds me of that photo of Khrushchev at the UN banging his shoe on the table.
    0:14:56 And the photo is the aperture on it.
    0:14:59 The perspective is broad enough that you see he’s still wearing two shoes.
    0:15:02 So he brought a shoe with a plan to bang it on the table.
    0:15:03 What are your thoughts?
    0:15:08 And it leads to, in your book, you discuss the concept of good and bad anger.
    0:15:10 Say more.
    0:15:14 Yeah, I mean, anger can absolutely be used for good.
    0:15:19 I mean, ultimately, if we think about emotions from an evolutionary perspective,
    0:15:22 how I tend to think about them, then they exist in us
    0:15:25 because they solved some sort of adaptive problem.
    0:15:31 And the same way sadness alerts us to loss and fear alerts us to danger,
    0:15:34 anger alerts us to injustice.
    0:15:39 And it provides us energy that we can use to confront that injustice.
    0:15:45 And I think that the question of whether or not your anger is good or is bad
    0:15:49 in some ways has to do with the consequences of how you use it.
    0:15:53 And so if I get angry over, let’s say, politics,
    0:16:00 and because that anger drives me to drink or be depressed
    0:16:04 or do a host of negative things, things that are bad for me,
    0:16:07 well, then those consequences, that anger isn’t healthy in my life.
    0:16:13 If that anger drives me to work towards particular social change,
    0:16:16 works towards particular positive outcomes,
    0:16:21 then that anger, we can think of that as being healthy in my life.
    0:16:24 You recently wrote a Huffbo’s piece where you discuss how the state of politics
    0:16:28 evokes feelings of anger, especially in men.
    0:16:32 Can you break down what you meant by that?
    0:16:37 Yeah, and I should actually credit you with this in some ways,
    0:16:40 that ultimately, maybe the day after the election
    0:16:43 or two days after the election, I was scrolling through TikTok
    0:16:48 and I saw a post from you where you were talking really about how this election
    0:16:54 might have been influenced by male anger more than I guess I was expecting it to be.
    0:16:57 And it really gave me pause.
    0:17:01 It helped me realize some things that I hadn’t necessarily been thinking about.
    0:17:05 And then coupled with that, I was at a basketball game,
    0:17:09 my son’s basketball game in a relatively small town in eastern Wisconsin.
    0:17:14 And a stranger came up to me, said they’d seen me on Theo Vaughn’s podcast
    0:17:17 and he wanted to talk to me about his anger.
    0:17:23 And this was a person who I suspect is very different from me politically,
    0:17:25 if I’m just guessing based on demographics.
    0:17:29 And the two of us had a really thoughtful conversation.
    0:17:35 It got me thinking about all of the ways in which I need to be talking to
    0:17:39 and engaging with young men in particular
    0:17:41 who might be really angry about the state of affairs
    0:17:44 to help them work through that anger in a healthy way.
    0:17:47 I dug a little deeper into the research after that
    0:17:52 and what I saw is that men are reporting getting angry almost twice as much
    0:17:54 as women in their day-to-day lives.
    0:17:58 They’re experiencing more negative consequences as a result of that anger.
    0:18:02 And when you look at why they’re getting angry, it’s a host of reasons.
    0:18:09 But one of the biggies is feeling like they didn’t get what they wanted, right?
    0:18:13 That they’re not getting something that they are desiring
    0:18:16 or having their goals blocked in a significant way.
    0:18:19 If you’ve decided you have too much anger in your life,
    0:18:22 I really go down a rabbit hole.
    0:18:25 I role-play in my mind confrontations with people or topics.
    0:18:27 It’s unfair to them.
    0:18:31 I imagine myself in an argument with somebody.
    0:18:33 And that’s unfair to them.
    0:18:36 I don’t know if you’ve ever woken up and your partner is angry at you
    0:18:38 because of the way you behaved in their dream.
    0:18:40 It’s just not cool, right?
    0:18:41 It’s not fair to them.
    0:18:43 So say you decide for whatever reason with you.
    0:18:45 It’s your own mental health or the way you treat other people
    0:18:47 or it’s reducing your productivity
    0:18:50 that you want to reduce the amount of anger in your life.
    0:18:54 Across all of the different practices and behavioral therapy,
    0:18:57 what do you find are the two or three most effective ways
    0:19:01 to try and address your anger other than pharmaceuticals?
    0:19:05 I start with a real big picture look at this
    0:19:09 and understanding, okay, so why am I getting angry?
    0:19:12 What are the patterns here that we’re seeing?
    0:19:16 And anytime you feel something, you kind of map it out.
    0:19:20 I sometimes diagram this the way my diagram a sentence or something.
    0:19:22 It includes really three things.
    0:19:25 There’s some sort of provocation.
    0:19:29 There’s some sort of thing that happened, unfair treatment,
    0:19:32 you know, injustice or goal blocking.
    0:19:35 Then there’s my mood at the time of that provocation.
    0:19:37 You know, was I stressed?
    0:19:39 Was I whatever?
    0:19:45 And then there is my interpretation of that provocation.
    0:19:47 Like how I, what I thought it meant,
    0:19:49 what I decided it meant to my life.
    0:19:52 Did I think I could cope with it and so on.
    0:19:56 Once you figure that out and you can see those patterns,
    0:20:00 then there’s actually sort of infinite ways you can intervene.
    0:20:04 We can be more aware of what provocations we’re inviting into our life.
    0:20:08 We can manage our stress, make sure we’re staying hydrated.
    0:20:12 We can exercise, do a host of things there.
    0:20:15 We can think about how we’re interpreting those things
    0:20:17 and focus on the appraisal.
    0:20:21 And then ultimately we can try and deal with the emotion itself
    0:20:23 when we experience it.
    0:20:27 And so through deep breathing, through meditation,
    0:20:30 those things like that, to try and bring it down.
    0:20:33 As far as what do I think are the best things,
    0:20:37 I do think that focusing specifically on that appraisal element.
    0:20:41 I think what people need is to figure out how to have
    0:20:48 a realistic understanding of the consequences of a particular situation.
    0:20:52 And we find all the time, we’ll use driving as an example.
    0:20:56 You get cut off, you get angry,
    0:21:00 and your interpretation of that is sort of like
    0:21:03 you shouldn’t have done that, or they shouldn’t have done that.
    0:21:05 That was unsafe, that was dangerous.
    0:21:08 And all of that may be true, but then the next question is,
    0:21:10 okay, so what were the consequences?
    0:21:13 The consequences are that this person cut me off now.
    0:21:15 What do I do next?
    0:21:19 And so often people switch into like sort of vigilante mode
    0:21:21 and it’s like, why need to get revenge in some way?
    0:21:25 But we know that that doesn’t actually really help or solve the problem.
    0:21:27 Oftentimes it makes it worse.
    0:21:31 And so I think thinking through, okay, how bad was this?
    0:21:32 Can I cope with it?
    0:21:34 What do I do next?
    0:21:37 Is a good sort of problem focused way of dealing with it?
    0:21:40 So I’ll just go for it a thesis and you tell me,
    0:21:41 and I think you’ll agree with it.
    0:21:44 But I find that I’m much less prone to anger the more social I am.
    0:21:46 What do I mean by that?
    0:21:50 When I’m around coworkers or in the office and I say,
    0:21:52 oh, this was a shitty job.
    0:21:54 They or people around them have a chance to go,
    0:21:58 well, it was shitty because we didn’t get this edit done in time
    0:22:02 because the power went out or I get angry at my partner
    0:22:08 and they will remind me, well, actually, no, this was your responsibility.
    0:22:13 Or the more I’m around people, I hang out with Republicans
    0:22:16 and instead of getting angry about, well, how could you elect this guy?
    0:22:21 I sort of get some context for why they think the people I’m supporting
    0:22:23 make no fucking sense either.
    0:22:27 It just helps me to be in the company or the presence of other people
    0:22:29 and to have those guardrails.
    0:22:31 It’s almost like a solvent for my anger
    0:22:34 because it helps me have different perspectives
    0:22:37 and realize a lot of times my anger is more about my gut
    0:22:40 or that I didn’t have lunch or some weird chemical running through my brain
    0:22:44 than anything I should actually or that justifies my anger.
    0:22:47 For me, the key is human contact.
    0:22:49 That is my neosporin for anger.
    0:22:51 Yeah, I think that’s fascinating
    0:22:54 and it’s really part of what I was trying to communicate
    0:22:59 in that HuffPost piece too is this idea that interacting with other people
    0:23:01 who see the world differently from us
    0:23:06 can help provide different ways of interpreting those provocations.
    0:23:10 And so if I’m only looking at the world through my lens
    0:23:17 and I’m not listening to other people to try and understand that broader context,
    0:23:19 yeah, I’m likely to get angry
    0:23:23 because I’m doing probably a lot of mind reading about it.
    0:23:25 I mean, it goes back to what you said before about, you know,
    0:23:28 you sort of role play those interactions with people.
    0:23:31 If you could actually have those interactions with someone,
    0:23:35 they would probably surprise you as far as how they react to things.
    0:23:38 Or maybe they would surprise you about how they react to things.
    0:23:43 So those conversations that we have, that human contact,
    0:23:46 it really does shift two things.
    0:23:50 One, it shifts that what we call the pre-anger state, right?
    0:23:54 Your mood at the time of the anger of the provocation.
    0:23:56 It also shifts your interpretation.
    0:24:02 It gives you a new way of thinking about whatever this provocation is
    0:24:04 and helps you see things a little bit differently
    0:24:06 in a way that might lead to less anger.
    0:24:09 We’ll be right back.
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    0:25:08 You had said in a conversation with Theo Vaughan
    0:25:10 that the golden rule of emotion in parenting
    0:25:13 is kids tend to express emotions the way their caregivers did.
    0:25:20 So how do you, to me, a basic parenting or a basic truism
    0:25:23 is your kids will model your behavior, right?
    0:25:27 So what advice do you have for parents in terms of raising resilient kids
    0:25:30 and how to leverage good anger and discern between good anger and bad anger?
    0:25:37 First of all, I do think you have to decide how you want your kids to emote
    0:25:39 and then you have to live that.
    0:25:46 And so if that means you want them to handle their anger in a cool, calm matter,
    0:25:48 well then you have to live that, right?
    0:25:53 So yelling at your kids for being angry isn’t going to get you where you want to go.
    0:25:55 You’re just modeling that behavior
    0:25:58 and you’re probably really scaring them in the process.
    0:26:02 I used to think about this when my kids were young.
    0:26:09 I never wanted them to see me scared of anything that I didn’t want them to be scared of, right?
    0:26:11 So that’s how you teach them.
    0:26:14 So I’m not a great flyer. I haven’t been.
    0:26:18 And so I find myself anxious when I fly a lot.
    0:26:21 And so one of the things that meant is that when I get on a plane with them,
    0:26:26 I can either let them see me scared or I can just fake it.
    0:26:30 And even if I’m scared, I’m just going to have to sort of hold that in.
    0:26:34 Now that my kids are older, they’re 13 and 14, I can kind of communicate,
    0:26:37 hey, I’m not a great flyer. I don’t necessarily love this.
    0:26:41 It’s totally safe, but I find myself a little anxious about it.
    0:26:43 We can do the same thing with anger.
    0:26:45 There are times when we’re really angry
    0:26:49 where we just need to sort of fake that and hold me.
    0:26:51 I mean, we can still communicate that you’re angry,
    0:26:56 but find ways to sort of channel that into healthy behavior.
    0:27:03 So they see and understand things, understand kind of healthy ways of coping and communicating.
    0:27:07 The other thing, and you use a really important word in that question, which was resilience.
    0:27:10 So how do we teach our kids to be resilient?
    0:27:18 I think one of the things we have to do is help encourage our kids to engage
    0:27:21 and actually step into some emotional discomfort.
    0:27:25 So one of the things I heard you say on the Ovan is that you won’t let your kids back in the house
    0:27:29 unless they talk to someone, right, when there is something along those lines.
    0:27:37 And I think that’s, you know, in some ways, that’s about encouraging them to step into some emotional discomfort.
    0:27:40 Like, hey, you got to do a difficult thing here.
    0:27:44 You got to communicate with someone that you might be a little shy around.
    0:27:46 I do something similar with my kids.
    0:27:50 We were at a basketball game over the weekend, my son.
    0:27:53 There was another boy about his age there.
    0:27:56 He was a little uncomfortable interacting with this kid.
    0:28:01 And so I tried to give him some clues like, hey, these are things you have in common.
    0:28:05 Let’s practice how you can talk to him about those things, how you can communicate with those things.
    0:28:12 Stepping into some of that discomfort so that they learn that the emotion itself probably isn’t going to harm them.
    0:28:16 They learn to do those kind of emotionally difficult things.
    0:28:22 Where is the decision point of framework for communicating anger versus occasionally just not communicating anger?
    0:28:26 I find a lot of times that I need to take a deep breath and not communicate my anger,
    0:28:30 recognizing that it’s more about what’s going on with me than necessarily what that person has done.
    0:28:36 Do you have any sort of rules of when to express anger and when to kind of keep it to yourself?
    0:28:45 Yeah, I do. And I think sort of my internal algorithm there is to think about what my goal is.
    0:28:48 What is the outcome I’m looking for?
    0:28:57 And if my outcome is, or the outcome I’m looking for is, I need this person to maybe do things differently,
    0:29:00 or I want this person to do things differently.
    0:29:06 Well, then I think about, okay, so what’s the best way to do that? And that might be for me to communicate to them that I’m feeling frustrated
    0:29:11 and that I’m angry with them and that I want to work through that.
    0:29:15 There are times though where I think, you know what, this person isn’t going to change.
    0:29:17 That’s not going to get me the goal I want.
    0:29:26 And so maybe it’s better for me to just kind of hold this in, find another way to channel and find another way to deal with it and move forward.
    0:29:36 So I tend to focus a little bit on those outcomes and think about, okay, so I want X. What’s the fastest way to get there?
    0:29:40 I’m really fascinated. You’ve done a great job of sort of branding yourself.
    0:29:46 I think Professor Angela Duckworth is the grit professor. You’re sort of the anger professor.
    0:29:48 I love the way you’ve branded yourself.
    0:29:59 Can you give us a little bit of background on how you got to where you are and when you decided to sort of focus on anger and, you know, where, other than teaching, is it books?
    0:30:04 Is it also speaking? Just describe the business of Ryan Martin.
    0:30:13 Yeah, so I started studying anger officially in 1999 when I went to graduate school at the University of Southern Mississippi.
    0:30:20 I’m originally from Minnesota, but I was, you know, unofficially studying anger way before that.
    0:30:29 So I was raised in what we, I think, I’m always a little anxious about giving people this version of it because I think it sounds worse than it was.
    0:30:32 But I was raised in a relatively angry household.
    0:30:39 Now, it was a loving household like we all get along, but we referred to this thing called the Martin temper.
    0:30:49 And in particular, the men in my family, so I have two brothers and a sister and then my dad was a relatively angry guy.
    0:30:55 And the interesting thing is very rarely was that anger taken out on each other.
    0:31:01 I mean, it was usually, you know, my dad, I can count on, you know, just one hand how often he was angry with me.
    0:31:07 More often than not, he was angry at coworkers. He was angry at service providers and so on.
    0:31:12 And so I became really intrigued by this emotion at an early age.
    0:31:19 In college, I worked with at risk kids quote unquote at a shelter in St. Paul.
    0:31:27 And I noticed that, you know, difficulty controlling anger was a pretty salient common problem for those kids.
    0:31:35 Now, these were kids who had a lot to be angry about the world had not treated them fairly at all, but consistently those challenges were there.
    0:31:45 So I went to graduate school with the goal of studying this and was researching that at a certain point realized I was less interested in clinical work than I was teaching.
    0:31:56 So decided to be a professor and came to UW Green Bay where I taught courses on psychopathology and emotion and so on.
    0:32:11 And I think during that time, I became really aware of the fact that I thought the world had didn’t necessarily understand anger the way it did other negative emotions or perceived negative emotions like fear and sadness.
    0:32:25 If you just look at the research, there’s tons of research on depression, tons of research on anxiety disorders, tons of research on aggression and violence, which, you know, I’ve already sort of highlighted is a little bit different, but not much on anger.
    0:32:34 And so I really decided to go down that rabbit hole to study why people get angry and started writing books and doing talks on it.
    0:32:39 Any thoughts on what role, if any, anger played in the election?
    0:32:48 I think it played a considerable role. And so, you know, I’ve heard you talk about this a little bit. I mean, I think that it informed people’s votes.
    0:32:57 I think it encouraged a lot of people to, I mean, I think it plays a role in every election. But I think it informed a lot of people’s votes.
    0:33:14 We also have evidence that, I mean, we have evidence, for instance, that making people angry is a good way to spread your message virally on the internet, that you’re more likely to click on political ads if they make you angry.
    0:33:20 We also know that angry people are more likely to believe conspiracy theories.
    0:33:33 Anger is the most viral emotion online, that people are much more likely to share things that make them angry than they are to share things that make them happy, especially if they don’t know the person who shared it.
    0:33:39 So if I’m scrolling through Facebook and I see something that makes me happy, I might share that, but only if I know the person.
    0:33:50 You know, I’m like, oh, this person’s got good news here, let me share it. If I see something that makes me angry, I’m much more likely to share that thing, even if I don’t know the person who shared it.
    0:33:58 And so, all of these things that we’re seeing are really driven and motivated by people’s rage.
    0:34:11 Yeah, it feels as if it’s been incredibly weaponized by technology that, from kind of the end of World War II to the introduction of Google, we thought that the ultimate branding strategy was sex cells.
    0:34:16 You know, show hot people playing volleyball, and if you drink this beer, you’ll be hot too.
    0:34:32 And then we figured out that actually, we found something better than sex, not as rage, and that we have these algorithms that find incendiary content, elevate it algorithmically, and we’re all sort of in a state of like near rage all the time.
    0:34:43 You know, I think I would add to that too, that the part when we go back to why we get mad and we talk about, you know, those provocations and we talk about our mood at the time and our interpretations.
    0:34:57 The part we haven’t really focused on yet is the role that misinformation plays and all that, and that misinformation both informs the lens through which we see those provocations.
    0:35:04 But it also informs our interpretation or our appraisal of those things when they happen.
    0:35:23 And so, when we have leaders who are perfectly willing to lie to us, to make us angry, and then continue repeating that lie over and over and over again to motivate people to the polls, to motivate people to share that misinformation online.
    0:35:34 I mean, there is a very, very, very clear incentive for our leaders and not just our leaders, but others who are marketing to us to make us angry.
    0:35:37 And it’s hard to combat that.
    0:35:40 It’s hard to fight back at that.
    0:35:47 Are people who have a greater tendency to be angry generally, professionally speaking, more or less successful?
    0:35:54 Great question. And, you know, this is one of those cases where it depends a little bit on some other factors.
    0:36:08 So one of the things we know is very clearly tied to both success and anger is, you know, the type A personality, right, people who are competitive, people who are driven, motivated, focused.
    0:36:11 They tend to be aggressive and they tend to be angry.
    0:36:23 And so from that perspective, yes, like we see that we also see that that I mean, ultimately, when you’re that goal driven, one of the consequences of being that goal driven is that it’s easy to have your goals blocked.
    0:36:26 And when you have your goals blocked, you get angry.
    0:36:42 So we’ll definitely see that some of the confounds here is that we tend to see anger or the interpretations of a person’s anger are impacted by their race and their gender.
    0:36:51 And so some people have more of a license to be angry outwardly and publicly, typically white men who can be angry in that way.
    0:37:00 And when they are there, it was historically they were perceived as competent and motivated in all sorts of good things.
    0:37:12 When women or when non whites or other marginalized groups express their anger outwardly, they tend to have their qualifications minimized.
    0:37:18 So they’re thought of as too emotional, too sensitive, unprofessional and so on.
    0:37:30 Because I’ve read that more actually young women are triggered by today’s politics, but you’re saying that it’s actually men who are more easily triggered.
    0:37:40 I see it as white dudes are basically feel more entitled and have less, less downside. And it sounds to me like you’re saying the incentive system is to just let your anger flow.
    0:37:48 And I find, I mean, I’ll use an example. I’m not proud of this up until maybe 10 years ago.
    0:37:57 I found it was really important for me to express my displeasure with service employees if I didn’t get upgraded at the Delta counter or I didn’t like my room at a hotel.
    0:38:05 And then I realized, okay, that’s not effective. And I’m channeling my anger to the wrong people. I’m being heavy-handed with the wrong people.
    0:38:20 But I definitely think it came from a sense of entitlement. And I don’t know if it was about gender or race, but in the U.S., I think there’s a, it was so consumer or customer obsessed that we’ve sort of given license to anyone who’s paying someone else for something.
    0:38:29 The right to be angry at them. Should there be any misstep or the service isn’t right there or your wing stop doesn’t get there in the 20 minutes it was promised.
    0:38:37 Or the matriot or the waiter doesn’t show you the respect you think you’re entitled to because you’re now royalty as you are a customer, so to speak.
    0:38:42 Is our service mentality leading to people’s entitlement around being angry?
    0:38:51 Yeah, so one of the, one question I recently asked participants in the study was, you know, which of these things is going to make you the most angry?
    0:39:03 How likely are you to get angry over these things? And the options were experiencing or witnessing an injustice, witnessing or experiencing poor treatment, or three was having your goals blocked.
    0:39:13 And what we saw is that men were more likely to be triggered by the unfair treatment or having their goals blocked.
    0:39:20 What they said was like not getting what they wanted, basically. Women were more likely to be triggered by injustice.
    0:39:29 And now the biggest gap though, and this goes to your point about entitlement, the biggest gap there was not getting what I want.
    0:39:37 Men said that, you know, that there is that was sort of the biggest difference between men and women was that when men don’t get what they want, they were much more likely to get angry.
    0:39:48 Now, the big question what’s missing from that data is, is it something that people actually deserve? Or is it just something they want?
    0:39:58 And I think that’s that there’s an interpretation there. Is this a thing that I deserve because I paid all of this money for it, or is it just a thing I really want?
    0:40:08 And I think what we’re seeing, and anecdotally, I can tell you what one of the things we’re seeing in my experience has been that there are a lot of men who interpret something they want is something they deserve.
    0:40:17 Dr. Ryan Martin, known as the anger professor as a psychology professor and the Dean of the College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Wisconsin Green Bay.
    0:40:32 Let’s talk about opportunities to get angry. Faculty leadership role. Oh my God, that would drive me batshit crazy. He’s an expert on anger and the author of how to deal with angry people and why we get mad, how to use your anger for positive change.
    0:40:39 He joins us from Green Bay, Wisconsin, where is a negative six degrees. Professor really enjoyed this conversation. Thanks for a good work.
    0:40:41 Yeah, thank you so much for having me.
    0:41:03 Algebra of happiness. The light at the end of the tunnel. I remember those cartoons where a character would go into a train tunnel and there’d be a light at the end of the tunnel except it was an oncoming train which we had bigger and bigger and bigger.
    0:41:14 And that’s how I feel about what I’ll call the scarcity of my relationships with my boys and that is I know I’m going to spend a lot of time with my friends the rest of my life.
    0:41:28 I know I’m going to spend a lot. I’m going to have a lot of opportunities to spend a ton of time with family and my partner and just do amazing things where the light of scarcity is just getting bigger and bigger and it’s becoming so obvious to me that I just don’t have that much time left.
    0:41:42 I have 14 and 17 year old boys which sounds wild even saying it. I remember like it was yesterday, the nurse putting this weird stuff in their eyes when they were born and just them kind of opening their eyes.
    0:41:51 I mean I just remember their birds like it was yesterday mostly because I was incredibly nauseous and don’t think men should be allowed in the delivery room. Is that wrong?
    0:42:06 Anyway, back to the algebra of happiness. The fact that these relationships are coming to an end and I say that not that I’m not going to have a relationship with my boys when they leave the house but there is such a weird time right now.
    0:42:13 They are independent and yet kind of withdrawing from me on some ways but have never needed me more.
    0:42:24 I find that I’m adding more value or believe I can add more value to my boys’ lives now than I was ever able to given I just relate to them, understand what they’re going through.
    0:42:40 When I talk about my experiences as a teenager I know they kind of perk up whether it’s how I was dealing with asking girls out or acne or sports or growth spurts or lack of a growth spurts or just all the things.
    0:42:47 I don’t tell them what to do. I just talk about my experiences and I can just see them really registering it.
    0:43:02 I’m spending a ton of what I call or what Ryan Holiday calls garbage time with them. I get up in the morning. It’s just so rewarding because just to see the way their brains as they go through puberty and they kind of discover the world.
    0:43:15 My oldest is so chill and quietly confident and my youngest is so funny and so I mean you’re going to see with your kids you’re just going to be fascinated by how different they are.
    0:43:25 But every day it feels like that one, that 15 year old is just no longer the 15 year old. He’s a 16 year old and in a couple of years they’re going to be gone.
    0:43:36 And so that big light of scarcity is coming at me and something I’m happy about. I get very majestic, sad when I think about this.
    0:43:43 But something I am really happy about is that when I was younger and when they were younger I did not give into my selfish instincts.
    0:43:51 I like to go out with friends. I like to do my own thing. I like to work out. I like to kind of you know me be me do my own thing.
    0:43:59 I’m a selfish person and I did make a real effort to just have a lot of time with them and I’m just so grateful now.
    0:44:09 And some of it I didn’t enjoy but I’m just so grateful now because that light is just right in my face, that light of scarcity, that light of finite time.
    0:44:15 And I’m never going to have these kids again. They’re going to be adults. They’re going to be in college and they will not be the same person.
    0:44:21 They’ll be you know hopefully have some of the same values but you can just see day by day how much they’re changing anyways.
    0:44:28 Long-winded way of saying the additional time you spend with your kids. I’m not saying be bad at work. I’m not saying be responsible.
    0:44:37 But occasionally trading off some of that me time whether it’s working out or time with your buddies and just having that garbage time of doing nothing with your kids.
    0:44:44 Trust me on this. You’re not going to regret it. That light is going to come at you and it’s going to get so big so fast.
    0:44:52 This episode was produced by Jennifer Sanchez, our intern, Estan Shalon. Drew Burroughs is our technical director.
    0:44:56 Thank you for listening to the Prophecy Pod from the Vox Media Podcast Network.
    0:45:00 We will catch you on Saturday for No Mercy, No Malice as read by George Hawn.
    0:45:06 And please follow our Prophecy Markets Pod wherever you get your pods for new episodes every Monday and Thursday.
    0:45:06 Thursday.
    0:45:16 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    Dr. Ryan Martin, an anger expert, psychology professor, and author of How to Deal with Angry People, and Why We Get Mad: How to Use Your Anger for Positive Change, joins Scott to discuss why we get mad, how to deal with anger in a better way, and how to model healthy emotional habits for the next generation. 

    Follow Ryan, @angerprofessor.

    Scott opens with his thoughts on the TikTok ban.

    Algebra of Happiness: the light at the end of the tunnel.

    Subscribe to No Mercy / No Malice

    Buy “The Algebra of Wealth,” out now.

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  • Essentials: How Foods & Nutrients Control Our Moods

    中文
    Tiếng Việt
    AI transcript
    0:00:05 Welcome to Huberman Lab Essentials, where we revisit past episodes for the most potent
    0:00:11 and actionable science-based tools for mental health, physical health, and performance.
    0:00:16 My name is Andrew Huberman and I’m a professor of neurobiology and ophthalmology at Stanford
    0:00:18 School of Medicine.
    0:00:21 This podcast is separate from my teaching and research roles at Stanford.
    0:00:25 Today we’re talking all about emotions.
    0:00:28 Emotions are central to our entire experience of life.
    0:00:34 Whether or not we’re happy or sad or depressed or angry is our life experience.
    0:00:38 And yet I think with all the importance that we’ve placed on emotions, very few people
    0:00:42 actually understand how emotions arise in our brain and body.
    0:00:47 And I mentioned brain and body because as you’ll see today, emotions really capture
    0:00:49 the brain-body relationship.
    0:00:53 We cannot say that emotions arise just from what happens in our head.
    0:00:57 The other thing about emotions is that there’s no real agreement as to what’s a good emotion
    0:01:00 or a bad emotion.
    0:01:03 Today we’re going to talk about the biology of the chemicals and pathways that give rise
    0:01:07 to emotions in the context of food and nutrition.
    0:01:12 The discussion around emotions has a long and rich history going back to Darwin and
    0:01:14 even long before Darwin.
    0:01:19 This is a conversation that philosophers and scientists have been having for hundreds
    0:01:22 if not thousands of years.
    0:01:26 The idea that Darwin put forth and that was really attractive for about the last hundred
    0:01:31 years was that emotions are universal and that some of the facial expressions around
    0:01:33 emotion are universal.
    0:01:36 And other people have capitalized on that idea.
    0:01:38 And to some extent it’s true.
    0:01:45 I think that the two most robust examples of that would be when we see something or we
    0:01:51 smell something or we taste something that we like, there does tend to be a postural
    0:01:57 leaning in, we tend to inhale air at that time, we tend to bring in more of whatever
    0:02:01 chemical substance is there so we tend to do these mmms and kind of lean in closer to
    0:02:04 things that are attractive to us.
    0:02:09 And when we see and experience things that we don’t like, sometimes it’s a mild aversion,
    0:02:11 we just kind of lean back or look away.
    0:02:16 Other times it’s an intense aversion of disgust and we tend to cringe our face.
    0:02:18 We tend to avoid inhaling any of the chemicals.
    0:02:25 This probably has roots in ancient biological mechanisms that are to prevent us from ingesting
    0:02:29 things that are bad for us, chemical compounds and taste that might be poisonous.
    0:02:35 So much of the foundation of any discussion about emotion has to center around this kind
    0:02:39 of push pull of attraction to things or aversion from things.
    0:02:44 Now that’s a very basic way of thinking about emotions, but if you think about it, it works
    0:02:48 for a lot of different circumstances and in the brain, everywhere from the deep circuits
    0:02:53 of the brain to the more kind of what we call higher order evolved centers of the brain.
    0:02:58 We have this push pull thing where either a previous episode I talked about go the circuits
    0:03:04 that allow you to emphasize action and then no go circuits, the circuits in the basal
    0:03:08 ganglia that allow you to deemphasize action and prevent action.
    0:03:14 And so we can break down the discussion about emotions into these simpler versions of themselves.
    0:03:21 But at the core of that of attraction or aversion is an important theme that you might realize
    0:03:26 already, but most people tend to overlook, which is that there’s an action there.
    0:03:29 You’re either moving forward or you’re moving away from something.
    0:03:35 The brain has a body so that the organism can move and the body has a brain so that
    0:03:41 the organism you can move toward or away from things that you deem to be good or bad for
    0:03:42 you.
    0:03:47 It’s in the brain for a version and for attraction toward things and the body is governing a
    0:03:48 lot of that.
    0:03:53 And so immediately in this conversation, I want to raise an important point, which is
    0:03:58 about a nerve pathway that many, many people have heard of that gets discussed all the
    0:04:04 time and that is one of the most kind of oversold for the wrong reasons and undersold unfortunately
    0:04:08 for its real power, which is the vagus nerve.
    0:04:14 So the vagus nerve is one, not the only, but one way in which our brain and body are connected
    0:04:18 and regulates our emotional states.
    0:04:20 So what is the vagus nerve?
    0:04:25 Vegas is the 10th cranial nerve, which basically means that the neurons, the kind of the control
    0:04:31 center of each of those neurons in the vagus lives just kind of near the neck, right?
    0:04:33 And a branch of the vagus goes into the brain.
    0:04:38 The other branch goes into the periphery, but not just the gut, it goes into the stomach,
    0:04:42 the intestines, the heart, the lungs and the immune system.
    0:04:46 So the way to think about the Vegas is the same way I would think about the eyes.
    0:04:51 The eyes are looking at colors, they’re looking at motion, they’re looking how bright it is
    0:04:55 and each one of those things, those features is telling the brain something different so
    0:04:59 the brain can decide when to be awake or asleep, whether or not it’s looking at somebody
    0:05:01 attractive or unattractive.
    0:05:07 The Vegas nerve is also analyzing many features within the body and informing the brain of
    0:05:11 how to feel about that and what to do.
    0:05:17 So a really good example that I think is an exciting one is as it relates to sugar.
    0:05:20 So we all know that sweet things generally taste good.
    0:05:21 So that makes sense, right?
    0:05:24 You eat something, it tastes sweet, you want more of it.
    0:05:27 Well, it turns out that it’s much more interesting than that.
    0:05:34 When you eat something sweet, within your stomach, you have cells, neurons, that sense
    0:05:41 the presence of sugary foods independent of their taste and signal to the brain so those
    0:05:46 sensors, those neurons, send information up the Vegas to your brain, goes through a series
    0:05:52 of stations and then you release dopamine, this molecule that makes you want more of
    0:05:55 whatever it is that you just ingested.
    0:06:00 In fact, this pathway is so powerful that they’ve done experiments where they completely
    0:06:04 numb all the taste and feeling in somebody’s mouth.
    0:06:07 They’re blindfolded so they don’t know what they’re eating and they’re eating a food that’s
    0:06:09 either sugary or not sugary.
    0:06:14 And what they find is that even though people can’t taste the sugary food, they crave more
    0:06:21 of the food that contains sugar because of the sensors in the gut that sense sugar.
    0:06:26 And what it tells us is that we have circuits in our body that are driving us towards certain
    0:06:31 behaviors and making us feel good even though we can’t perceive them.
    0:06:35 I’d like to take a quick break and thank one of our sponsors, Function.
    0:06:39 I recently became a Function member after searching for the most comprehensive approach
    0:06:40 to lab testing.
    0:06:44 While I’ve long been a fan of blood testing, I really wanted to find a more in-depth program
    0:06:48 for analyzing blood, urine, and saliva to get a full picture of my heart health, my
    0:06:54 hormone status, my immune system regulation, my metabolic function, my vitamin and mineral
    0:06:58 status and other critical areas of my overall health and vitality.
    0:07:01 Function not only provides testing of over a hundred biomarkers key to physical and
    0:07:07 mental health, but it also analyzes these results and provides insights from talk doctors
    0:07:08 on your results.
    0:07:12 For example, in one of my first tests with Function, I learned that I had two high levels
    0:07:14 of mercury in my blood.
    0:07:15 This was totally surprising to me.
    0:07:18 I had no idea prior to taking the test.
    0:07:22 Function not only helped me detect this, but offered medical doctor-informed insights on
    0:07:27 how to best reduce those mercury levels, which included limiting my tuna consumption because
    0:07:31 I had been eating a lot of tuna, while also making an effort to eat more leafy greens
    0:07:36 and supplementing with NAC and acetylcysteine, both of which can support glutathione production
    0:07:41 and detoxification and worked to reduce my mercury levels.
    0:07:44 Comprehensive lab testing like this is so important for health, and while I’ve been
    0:07:48 doing it for years, I’ve always found it to be overly complicated and expensive.
    0:07:52 I’ve been so impressed by Function, both at the level of ease of use, that is getting
    0:07:58 the tests done, as well as how comprehensive and how actionable the tests are, that I recently
    0:08:01 joined their advisory board, and I’m thrilled that they’re sponsoring the podcast.
    0:08:06 If you’d like to try Function, go to functionhealth.com/huberman.
    0:08:10 Function currently has a wait list of over 250,000 people, but they’re offering early
    0:08:13 access to Huberman lab listeners.
    0:08:18 And that’s functionhealth.com/huberman to get early access to function.
    0:08:23 Now for those of you that are really interested in gut intuition and kind of gut feelings,
    0:08:27 this is a gut feeling, except this is a chemical gut feeling.
    0:08:33 This is a particular set of neurons detecting that something in your body has a particular
    0:08:38 feature, in this case, the presence of sugars, and sending information to the brain to essentially
    0:08:40 to control your behavior.
    0:08:45 And I find this remarkable, I mean, this should completely reframe the way that we think about
    0:08:48 the sort of so-called hidden sugars in foods.
    0:08:53 What this means is that even if a food is very savory, like a piece of pizza or a piece
    0:09:00 of bread or even like a salad dressing, if there’s sugar snuck into that and you can’t
    0:09:06 taste it, you will still crave more of that thing without knowing that you crave it because
    0:09:07 it has sugar.
    0:09:09 I find this to be a fascinating aspect of our biology.
    0:09:18 A lot of how we feel while we eat and after we eat is because of this vagus sensing of
    0:09:19 what’s in our gut.
    0:09:22 It’s sending information all the time.
    0:09:23 Is there sugar?
    0:09:25 Are there fats?
    0:09:27 Are there contaminants?
    0:09:30 There are a lot of information, these so-called parallel pathways that are going up into our
    0:09:34 brain that regulate whether or not we want to eat more of something or not.
    0:09:40 And there are accelerators, things that make us want to eat more, like sugar and fats,
    0:09:43 because those are nutrient dense and they help generally, at least in the short term,
    0:09:48 support the survival of animals, but also amino acids.
    0:09:50 And this is very important.
    0:09:57 There are a lot of data, but much of what comes from the data on what people eat and
    0:10:04 how much they eat is from a subconscious detection of how many amino acids and what
    0:10:09 the array, meaning the constellation of amino acids is in a given food.
    0:10:14 And it’s fair to say that some total of these studies point in a direction where people
    0:10:23 will basically eat, not until their stomach is full, but until the brain perceives that
    0:10:26 they have adequate intake of amino acids.
    0:10:31 It’s amino acids, of course, are important because they are the building blocks of, sure,
    0:10:34 muscle and the other things in our body that need repair.
    0:10:40 But what most people don’t realize is that amino acids are what the neurochemicals in
    0:10:42 the brain are made from.
    0:10:45 Now, this is vitally important.
    0:10:49 So we’ve heard dopamine is a molecule that makes you feel good.
    0:10:53 Dopamine release is caused by surprise, excitement, events that you’re looking forward to and
    0:10:55 that turn out well.
    0:10:59 It is inhibited by events you’re looking forward to that don’t work out.
    0:11:01 It’s called reward prediction error.
    0:11:08 Your expectation of something releases dopamine and the actual event releases dopamine.
    0:11:15 And if the event related dopamine does not exceed the expectation or at least match it,
    0:11:19 there’s a much higher tendency that you won’t pursue that thing again.
    0:11:25 Dopamine is what’s going to lead us to want to eat more of something or to not want more
    0:11:28 of something because dopamine really is about craving.
    0:11:31 It’s about motivation and it’s about desire.
    0:11:37 And as I mentioned, these amino acid sensors in our gut are detecting how many amino acids,
    0:11:39 but they’re also detecting which amino acids.
    0:11:44 And there’s a particular amino acid called ltyrosine, which comes from food.
    0:11:45 It is in meats.
    0:11:46 It is in nuts.
    0:11:49 It is also in some plant-based foods.
    0:11:57 Dopamine is the precursor to a couple other molecules like L-dopa, etc. that make dopamine.
    0:12:04 However, the dopamine neurons that give rise to these feelings of good or wanting more
    0:12:07 or desire and motivation, those reside in the brain.
    0:12:08 So we don’t want to get too confused.
    0:12:13 We want to respect and honor the power of the gut and this vagal pathway, but it’s really
    0:12:17 neurons within your brain that drive the pursuit and decision-making.
    0:12:18 So what does this mean?
    0:12:22 Well, some people make too little dopamine.
    0:12:26 Some people make so little dopamine that they need prescription dopamine.
    0:12:27 They need L-dopa.
    0:12:32 People with Parkinson’s take L-dopa and other compounds to increase dopamine because Parkinson’s
    0:12:36 is associated with deficits in movement.
    0:12:39 Parkinson’s is a depression.
    0:12:42 It’s a blunting of motivation and mood and affect.
    0:12:43 And it’s a tremor.
    0:12:47 And then eventually in severe conditions, it’s challenges in speaking and walking.
    0:12:53 So some famous examples would be, you know, Muhammad Ali, Michael J. Fox, the great boxing
    0:12:58 trainer Freddie Roach, like these people have Parkinson’s and they at least later in their
    0:13:00 life had challenges speaking.
    0:13:04 Now some people immediately ask, well, should I supplement L-tyrosine?
    0:13:08 It does increase kind of mood and elevation and alertness.
    0:13:09 It is over the counter.
    0:13:10 You have to check with your doctor.
    0:13:13 I’m not responsible for your health care and I’m not a doctor.
    0:13:14 Whether or not safe for you.
    0:13:20 People with preexisting hyper dopaminergic conditions like mania should probably not
    0:13:21 take L-tyrosine.
    0:13:24 The other thing about taking L-tyrosine is there is a crash.
    0:13:25 Okay.
    0:13:29 It’s not a massive crash if you take it at appropriate doses and it’s right for you,
    0:13:34 but it can produce a crash and a lethargy and a kind of brain fog after the next day
    0:13:35 or so.
    0:13:41 And so L-tyrosine, however, can be ingested through foods or through supplementation to
    0:13:42 increase dopamine levels.
    0:13:43 That’s well known.
    0:13:47 Chronically, however, it can disrupt those dopamine pathways.
    0:13:48 Let’s just kind of take stock of where we’re at.
    0:13:50 We have a brain-body connection.
    0:13:53 There are many of them, but one of the main ones is the vagus nerve.
    0:13:57 The vagus collects information about a lot of things, breathing, heart rate, stuff that’s
    0:13:59 happening in the gut, et cetera.
    0:14:03 And gut, by the way, includes the stomach and the intestines, sends that information
    0:14:04 up to the brain.
    0:14:09 The brain is using that information to decide one of two things, move toward something or
    0:14:10 move away.
    0:14:14 It can also pause, but essentially, pausing is not moving toward.
    0:14:19 So that’s the dopamine pathway and foods rich in L-tyrosine generally give us an elevated
    0:14:24 mood and make us want to do more of whatever it is that we happen to be doing as well as
    0:14:25 other things.
    0:14:26 Motivation generalizes to other things.
    0:14:29 It’s not unique to just ingesting foods.
    0:14:34 But foods that give us a big pulse of dopamine will make us crave more of that food.
    0:14:39 It will make us crave more of the activity that led to the ingestion of that food.
    0:14:43 And as I mentioned earlier, a lot of that is happening at a subconscious level that
    0:14:45 you’re not even aware of.
    0:14:48 So the other neuromodulator that’s really interesting in the context of the vagus is
    0:14:49 serotonin.
    0:14:54 Serotonin, just to remind you, is a neuromodulator.
    0:14:59 Therefore, it creates a bias in which neural circuits, which neurons in the brain and body
    0:15:04 are going to be active, and it makes it less likely that other ones are going to be active.
    0:15:08 And serotonin, when it’s elevated, tends to make us feel really comfortable and kind
    0:15:11 of blissed out wherever we are.
    0:15:17 And that contrast with dopamine and epinephrine, which mainly put us in pursuit of things.
    0:15:18 Motivation is pursuit.
    0:15:23 The conversation around the brain-body relationship and mood in serotonin for many years was well,
    0:15:27 you eat a big meal, the gut is distended, you’ve got all the nutrients you need, you rest
    0:15:30 and digest, and serotonin is released.
    0:15:32 That’s sort of true.
    0:15:36 But there’s a lot more going on and a lot more that’s interesting and actionable that’s
    0:15:37 going on.
    0:15:43 First of all, some of you, but perhaps not all, have heard that more than 90% of the
    0:15:45 serotonin that we make is in our gut.
    0:15:48 And indeed, we have a lot of serotonin in our gut.
    0:15:51 But here’s the deal.
    0:15:56 Most of the serotonin that impacts our mood and our mental state is not in our gut.
    0:16:00 Most of it is in the neurons of the brain in an area called the raffae nucleus of the
    0:16:01 brain.
    0:16:03 There are a few other locations, too.
    0:16:07 You can’t have a discussion about serotonin without having a discussion about antidepressants
    0:16:13 because during the late ’80s and early ’90s, there was this explosion in the number of
    0:16:17 prescription drugs that were released, things like first one and most famous one is Prozac,
    0:16:23 Zoloft, Paxil, a number of other ones that are so-called SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake
    0:16:24 inhibitors.
    0:16:32 Basically, those drugs work by preventing the gobbling up of serotonin or reuptake
    0:16:38 of serotonin into neurons after it’s been released, which leads to more serotonin overall,
    0:16:39 which means to elevate serotonin.
    0:16:46 And indeed, those drugs were and can be very useful for certain people to feel better in
    0:16:50 cases of depression and some other clinical disorders as well.
    0:16:53 Not everyone responds well to them, as I’m sure you’ve all heard.
    0:16:58 And their side effect profile has effects like blunting affect.
    0:17:01 It can make people feel kind of flat, kind of meh.
    0:17:06 Many people adjust their serotonin by just eating more food and carbohydrate rich foods
    0:17:08 will increase serotonin.
    0:17:16 I eat a relatively high protein and moderate fat zero carb or low carb meal at lunch and
    0:17:22 in the afternoon to stay alert because those foods tend to favor dopamine production, acetylcholine
    0:17:25 production, epinephrine production, and alertness.
    0:17:28 My mood is generally pretty good most of the time.
    0:17:33 And then as evening comes around and I’m concerned about sleep and a good night’s sleep, not
    0:17:37 concerned in an anxious way, but I want to get a good night’s sleep, I will ingest foods
    0:17:42 that promote serotonin release because they contain a lot of tryptophan.
    0:17:45 So as you’re seeing, this isn’t really a discussion about nutrition per se.
    0:17:49 This is a discussion about food, which contains amino acids, amino acids being the precursors
    0:17:55 to neuromodulators and neuromodulators having a profound effect on your overall state of
    0:17:59 alertness or calmness, happiness, sadness, and well-being.
    0:18:02 I’d like to take a quick break and acknowledge our sponsor AG1.
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    0:18:30 The reason for that is even though I strive to eat most of my foods from whole foods and
    0:18:35 minimally processed foods, it’s very difficult for me to get enough fruits, vegetables, vitamins
    0:18:39 and minerals, micronutrients and adaptogens from food alone.
    0:18:42 And I need to do that in order to ensure that I have enough energy throughout the day, I
    0:18:46 sleep well at night, and keep my immune system strong.
    0:18:50 But when I take AG1 daily, I find that all aspects of my health, my physical health,
    0:18:54 my mental health and my performance, both cognitive and physical are better.
    0:18:57 I know that because I’ve had lapses when I didn’t take AG1 and I certainly felt the
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    0:19:02 I also notice, and this makes perfect sense given the relationship between the gut microbiome
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    0:19:43 Now you understand the relationship, I hope, between foods and dopamine, foods and serotonin,
    0:19:46 and that they’re both being communicated to the brain via the Vegas, right?
    0:19:50 So let’s talk a little bit more about things that we ingest in our body and then allow
    0:19:54 our body to inform our brain to shift our mood.
    0:20:01 But I don’t think most people know this simple fact, which is that the omega-3 to omega-6
    0:20:06 fatty acid ratio has a profound effect on depression.
    0:20:10 First of all, in an experiment done in animals, they found there’s a model of learned helplessness
    0:20:11 in animals.
    0:20:16 It’s not very kind to the animals, but they put rats or mice in a jar, they let them swim,
    0:20:19 and they’ll swim, swim, swim to try and save their life, and eventually they give up.
    0:20:20 It’s a learned helplessness.
    0:20:24 They don’t let them drown, they take them out.
    0:20:30 Adjusting the omega-3, omega-6 ratio so that the omega-3s are higher led to less learned
    0:20:33 helplessness, meaning these animals would swim longer.
    0:20:36 But that same study was essentially done in humans.
    0:20:42 What they did is they took people who were clinically depressed, major depression, okay?
    0:20:50 Major depression is severe maladaptive state, meaning it inhibits job, relationships, appetite,
    0:20:52 all sorts of negative health effects.
    0:20:58 And they did a comparison of 1,000 milligrams a day of EPA.
    0:21:03 So EPA is one of the elements that contains high levels of omega-3s that’s in things like
    0:21:11 fish oil, but it wasn’t 1,000 milligrams of fish oil, it was 1,000 milligrams of EPA.
    0:21:18 According to that to 20 milligrams of fluoxetine, which is Prozac, they found that they were
    0:21:22 equally effective in reducing depressive symptoms.
    0:21:28 And what was really interesting in addition to that is that the combination of 1,000 milligrams
    0:21:32 of EPA and fluoxetine had a synergistic effect in lowering depressive symptoms.
    0:21:35 And now there are lots of studies.
    0:21:40 If you go into PubMed and you were to put EPA or fish oil and depression, you would
    0:21:45 find that there were a number of really impressive results showing that it’s at least as effective
    0:21:52 as certain SSRIs, antidepressants at these dosages, and it can amplify or improve the
    0:21:55 effect of low dosages of some of these SSRIs.
    0:21:59 You can discuss it with your doctor and family and make the choices that are right for you.
    0:22:07 Now of course, I really want to emphasize something, which is that no one compound or nutrient
    0:22:13 or supplement or drug or behavior for that matter is going to be the be all end all of
    0:22:19 shifting out of depression or improving one’s mood or improving sleep.
    0:22:25 You cannot expect to take a compound regardless of source or potency and have it completely
    0:22:30 shift your experience of life without having to continue to engage in the proper behaviors,
    0:22:35 all the things we know, proper sleep, exercise, social connection, food, etc.
    0:22:42 Okay, so now let’s turn to another aspect of the gut-brain relationship that will surprise
    0:22:49 you, in some cases might shock you, and that has some really cool and actionable biology.
    0:22:54 And that’s the gut microbiome, probiotics, and prebiotics.
    0:22:59 So what’s the deal with the gut microbiome and the gut-brain axis?
    0:23:04 Today we’ve actually been talking a lot already about the gut-brain axis that has nothing
    0:23:05 to do with microbiomes.
    0:23:12 We’ve been talking about this vagus nerve that connects providing sensory information
    0:23:18 from the body to the brain, and then the brain also sends, in the same nerve, motor information
    0:23:24 to control the motility, the gut, the heart rate, how fast we breathe, and deployment of
    0:23:26 immune stuff.
    0:23:32 But oftentimes, when we hear about the gut-brain axis these days, it’s a discussion about
    0:23:34 the gut microbiome.
    0:23:38 I’m very happy there’s so much discussion about the gut microbiome.
    0:23:44 I am somewhat dismayed and concerned that most of what I hear out there is either false
    0:23:46 or partially false.
    0:23:50 So we’re going to clear up some of the misconceptions, first by understanding the biology, and then
    0:23:55 we’re going to talk about some of the actionable items.
    0:24:04 It is true that we have a lot of these little micro organisms living in our gut.
    0:24:05 They’re not there because they want to help us.
    0:24:07 They don’t have brains.
    0:24:09 They are adaptive, however.
    0:24:15 They try and find and create environments that make it easier for them to proliferate.
    0:24:21 So they don’t care about you and me, but they are perfectly willing to exploit you and me
    0:24:23 in order to make more of themselves.
    0:24:30 The microbiota that live in us vary along the length of our digestive tract.
    0:24:36 So we are one long tube for digestion, and inside of that tube is a mucosal lining.
    0:24:41 And the conditions of that mucosal lining set a number of different things.
    0:24:45 It sets the rate of our digestion and the quality of our digestion.
    0:24:48 It sets, for instance, our immune system.
    0:24:49 We’re ingesting things all the time.
    0:24:54 We’re talking about air, bacteria, viruses, they’re making their way into our gut.
    0:25:00 And some of those bacteria live in the gut, and some of those bacteria bias the mucosal
    0:25:09 lining in the gut, stomach and intestines, to be more acidic or more basic so that they
    0:25:12 can make more of themselves so they can replicate.
    0:25:17 Now, some of those mucosal linings that they promote make us feel better.
    0:25:18 They make us feel more alert.
    0:25:21 They bolster our immune system and others make us feel worse.
    0:25:27 So first rule, the microbiome isn’t good or bad.
    0:25:30 Some of these little bugs that live in us do bad things to us.
    0:25:32 They make us feel worse.
    0:25:33 They lower our immunity.
    0:25:36 They affect us in negative ways.
    0:25:37 Some of them make us feel better.
    0:25:43 And they do that mainly by changing the conditions of our gut environment.
    0:25:52 In addition to that, they do impact the neurotransmitters and the neurons that live in the gut and
    0:25:56 that signal up to the brain to impact things like dopamine and serotonin that we’ve been
    0:25:58 talking about previously.
    0:26:06 So there’s a vast world now devoted to trying to understand what sources of food, what kinds
    0:26:10 of foods are good or not good for the gut microbiome.
    0:26:14 There’s a few things that I think you might find surprising.
    0:26:21 First of all, supporting a healthy gut microbiome is good for mood, great for digestion, and
    0:26:24 great for immune system function.
    0:26:31 However, that does not mean maxing out or taking the most probiotic and prebiotic that
    0:26:32 you can possibly manage.
    0:26:36 As I mentioned many times before, I do believe in probiotics.
    0:26:41 I take probiotics, but there are studies that show that if you take lots and lots of certain
    0:26:46 probiotics like lactobacillus and you really ramp up the levels more, it is not a case of
    0:26:48 more is better.
    0:26:52 There are things like brain fog that can come from that.
    0:26:54 Brain fog is just this inability to focus.
    0:26:57 People feel really not well generally.
    0:27:01 Some of those studies are a little bit controversial, but I think it’s fair to say that if people
    0:27:08 really increase the amount of probiotic that they’re taking beyond a certain amount, then
    0:27:10 they start feeling foggy in the mind.
    0:27:15 The ingestion of fermented foods is one of the best ways to support healthy levels of
    0:27:22 gut microbiota without exceeding the threshold that would cause things like brain fog.
    0:27:27 So much so that some people report that when they start eating small bits, because it doesn’t
    0:27:30 require a lot of fermented foods, that their overall mood is better.
    0:27:34 Not unlike the effects of EPA, although I don’t think it’s been looked at directly
    0:27:38 in the context of clinical depression yet.
    0:27:41 There are some things that you can do to really damage your gut microbiome.
    0:27:45 And this is where there’s a huge misconception that I want to clear up.
    0:27:50 There was a study that showed that artificial sweeteners, but a particular artificial sweetener,
    0:27:56 which was saccharine, can disrupt the gut microbiome in ways that is detrimental to
    0:28:02 a number of different health markers, increasing inflammatory cytokines and all the other bad
    0:28:08 things that happen when the gut microbiome is thrown off kilter.
    0:28:12 Saccharine is not the most typical artificial sweetener that’s used.
    0:28:17 The most typical sweetener, artificial sweeteners that are used are things like aspartame, so
    0:28:22 called NutriSweet, or sucralose, or these days stevia, to my knowledge.
    0:28:31 The negative effects of these artificial sweeteners on the gut microbiome were restricted to saccharine.
    0:28:37 So what happens is certain artificial sweeteners, in particular saccharine, disrupt the microbiome
    0:28:45 and make the environment within the gut, that mucosal lining, more favorable to bacteria
    0:28:49 microbiota that are not good for the organism.
    0:28:51 This is an important distinction.
    0:28:56 It’s not just that a language thing where people say, “Oh, you know, it kills the microbiome.
    0:28:57 It doesn’t kill the microbiome.”
    0:29:02 It shifts the microbiome and shifts in the microbiome can be good or they can be bad.
    0:29:06 And that takes us to another topic that’s a bit of a hot button topic, but I’m willing
    0:29:12 to go there because I think it deserves conversation, which is nowadays there are many examples
    0:29:17 out there where people have switched from a kind of standard diet or even a vegetarian
    0:29:21 diet to a, or vegan diet to a keto diet.
    0:29:26 Now keto doesn’t necessarily have to mean the ingestion of meats, but it can.
    0:29:31 And they experience positive effects for themselves, but the ketogenic diet is interesting because
    0:29:36 when one shifts to the ketogenic diet, there is a shift in the gut microbiome and some
    0:29:37 people end up feeling better.
    0:29:40 Some people end up feeling worse.
    0:29:47 Likewise, some people go from ingesting animal products, including meat or they’re vegetarian
    0:29:53 and they go to vegan and they experience positive shifts in mood and affect.
    0:29:58 So the point of all this is that when I say you have to find what’s right for you, that’s
    0:30:00 not a throwaway statement.
    0:30:05 Some people’s microbiome and the mucosal lining of their, of their throat, of their
    0:30:11 gut, of their nose, everything is improved by diets that are heavily meat-based and don’t
    0:30:12 have many plants.
    0:30:16 Other people do much better on a plant-based diet without many meat products or animal
    0:30:17 products.
    0:30:21 It’s highly individual and this probably has roots in genetic makeup.
    0:30:26 This probably has roots in what people were raised on because remember, the nervous system
    0:30:32 of course is set up by your gene, your genetic program, but your nervous system, it adapts
    0:30:34 early in life to your conditions.
    0:30:35 That’s what it’s for.
    0:30:39 The reason you have a nervous system is to move your body appropriately towards things
    0:30:43 that are good for you and away from things that are not, but also it was designed to
    0:30:44 adapt.
    0:30:47 But yes indeed, some people may like certain foods and react to certain foods better than
    0:30:52 others because of the way that their nervous system was wired, this enteric as it’s called
    0:30:56 nervous system that lines the gut and that communicates with the brain.
    0:31:01 So most of what I’ve talked about today is black and white.
    0:31:03 These are things that are present in all of us, the sugar sensing neurons of the gut,
    0:31:09 the way the vagus is wired, the fact that omega-3, omega-6 is tend to improve, the ratios
    0:31:13 tend to impact mood with high omega-3, omega-6 ratios improving mood.
    0:31:18 We talked about all sorts of things in the gut brain and body brain axis, but when it
    0:31:23 comes to the microbiome, the key thing is that we all have a microbiome.
    0:31:28 You want a microbiome, but you want to promote the microbiome that is right for you.
    0:31:35 And that can be shifted and steered by ingesting certain categories of foods and not others.
    0:31:39 It’s very clear that these fermented foods support the microbiome, that we should be
    0:31:46 ingesting at least two servings per day, which is quite a lot, that supplementation at low
    0:31:49 levels can be good.
    0:31:51 Supplementation at high levels can create this brain fog, even though some people say
    0:31:57 that result is controversial, I’ve experienced this myself, and the data looked to me pretty
    0:31:58 darn solid.
    0:32:02 So that’s one thing to think about as well.
    0:32:07 And the other thing about the gut microbiome is that it’s highly contextual based on other
    0:32:08 things that you’re doing.
    0:32:12 So even things like exercise and social well-being and connection, those things are also impacting
    0:32:13 the gut microbiome.
    0:32:19 So find the diet that’s right for you and that works for you in the context of the other
    0:32:22 ethical and lifestyle choices that are important to you.
    0:32:23 That’s my advice.
    0:32:27 I’d like to take a quick break and thank one of our sponsors, Element.
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    0:32:45 In fact, even a slight degree of dehydration can diminish your cognitive and physical performance
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    0:33:02 To make sure that I’m getting proper amounts of both, I dissolve one packet of element in
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    0:33:45 As we round up, I want to share some results with you that without question will impact
    0:33:50 the way that you respond to food mentally and even physically.
    0:33:56 I have a colleague at Stanford, Aliyah Krum, who’s done some remarkable experiments on
    0:34:01 mindset, two that are particularly interesting to me.
    0:34:06 I want to share with you now because they really emphasize how our beliefs can really
    0:34:09 impact the way that our brain and body work together.
    0:34:13 I think the most famous of these is an experiment they did where they had two groups of individuals.
    0:34:21 They were each given a milkshake and they had some factors measured from their blood
    0:34:26 by an IV while they ingested the milkshake and then afterwards as well.
    0:34:32 One of the factors that they were looking at was something called grelin, G-H-R-E-L-I-N.
    0:34:37 Grelin is a peptide that increases with hunger, so the longer you haven’t eaten, the grilling
    0:34:38 goes up.
    0:34:43 One group got a shake that they were told was a low-calorie, healthy shake.
    0:34:49 The other group got a milkshake that they were told was the very decadent high-calorie
    0:34:51 shake.
    0:34:57 What they found was that the high-calorie shake had a much more robust effect on blunting
    0:35:01 grelin and reducing grelin.
    0:35:05 The interesting thing you probably guessed already is that it was the exact same shake
    0:35:07 given to both groups.
    0:35:13 This speaks to the so-called top-down mechanisms or modulation of our physiology.
    0:35:18 In a previous episode about pain, we talked about the effects of obsessive infatuation
    0:35:21 and love on pain responses and pain thresholds.
    0:35:26 This is yet another example where beliefs or subjective feelings can impact physiology
    0:35:33 at the level of the periphery because grilliness is released in the periphery in the body.
    0:35:37 This is not just the placebo effect, this is an incredible set of findings that illustrate
    0:35:42 the extent to which whether or not we believe a food is going to be good for us or not good
    0:35:46 for us, these belief effects are not about lying to yourself.
    0:35:51 In order for them to work, you have to be naive to the information.
    0:35:55 You can’t simply lie to yourself and tell yourself what you want to believe.
    0:36:01 That’s important, but also important is that the mind and the body are in this fascinating
    0:36:02 interplay.
    0:36:08 Today, we’ve talked mainly about how the body and things that we put inside this tube that
    0:36:15 runs from our mouth to the other end to our rectum basically is impacting all these cells,
    0:36:22 these neurons, microbiota in there, mucosal lining, heart, lungs, and how all that information
    0:36:25 is feeding up to the brain to impact how we feel up here.
    0:36:31 But also how we feel up here is impacting how our body reacts at levels of very core
    0:36:35 physiology that you couldn’t just tell yourself that this was going to work.
    0:36:40 But what you believe about certain substances, certain foods, certain nutrients does have
    0:36:46 a profound effect on the magnitude of their impact, and sometimes even the quality and
    0:36:48 direction of that impact.
    0:36:53 So today’s episode, we took a full journey into the brain-body relationship and discussed
    0:36:57 a lot of the mechanisms and the actionable items that you can approach if you want to
    0:37:00 explore this aspect of your biology and psychology further.
    0:37:06 Last, but certainly not least, I want to thank everybody for your time and attention today,
    0:37:08 and as always, thank you for your interest in science.
    0:37:13 [MUSIC]
    Chào mừng bạn đến với Huberman Lab Essentials, nơi chúng ta xem lại các tập trước để tìm kiếm những công cụ dựa trên khoa học mạnh mẽ và có thể hành động cho sức khỏe tâm thần, sức khỏe thể chất và hiệu suất. Tên tôi là Andrew Huberman và tôi là giáo sư về thần kinh sinh học và nhãn khoa tại Trường Y khoa Stanford. Podcast này tách biệt với vai trò giảng dạy và nghiên cứu của tôi tại Stanford.
    Hôm nay, chúng ta sẽ nói về cảm xúc. Cảm xúc là trung tâm của toàn bộ trải nghiệm cuộc sống của chúng ta. Việc chúng ta hạnh phúc, buồn bã, trầm cảm hay tức giận là những trải nghiệm trong cuộc sống. Tuy nhiên, tôi nghĩ rằng với tất cả tầm quan trọng mà chúng ta đã đặt lên cảm xúc, rất ít người thực sự hiểu rằng cảm xúc xuất hiện trong não bộ và cơ thể của chúng ta như thế nào.
    Tôi đã đề cập đến não bộ và cơ thể vì như bạn sẽ thấy hôm nay, cảm xúc thực sự phản ánh mối quan hệ giữa não và cơ thể. Chúng ta không thể nói rằng cảm xúc chỉ xuất phát từ những gì xảy ra trong đầu chúng ta. Một điều nữa về cảm xúc là không có sự đồng thuận thực sự về cảm xúc nào là tốt hay xấu.
    Hôm nay, chúng ta sẽ nói về sinh học của các hóa chất và con đường dẫn đến cảm xúc trong ngữ cảnh thực phẩm và dinh dưỡng. Cuộc thảo luận về cảm xúc có một lịch sử dài và phong phú, quay ngược lại thời Darwin và thậm chí còn trước cả Darwin. Đây là một cuộc trò chuyện mà các triết gia và các nhà khoa học đã có trong hàng trăm, nếu không muốn nói là hàng ngàn năm.
    Ý tưởng mà Darwin đưa ra và thật sự thu hút trong khoảng một trăm năm qua là cảm xúc là phổ quát và một số biểu cảm trên khuôn mặt liên quan đến cảm xúc là phổ quát. Và những người khác đã khai thác ý tưởng đó. Và một phần nào đó thì điều đó đúng. Tôi nghĩ rằng hai ví dụ rõ ràng nhất về điều này sẽ là khi chúng ta nhìn thấy một thứ gì đó, ngửi thấy một thứ gì đó hoặc nếm một thứ gì đó mà chúng ta thích, có xu hướng có một động tác nghiêng người về phía trước, lúc đó chúng ta có xu hướng hít thở không khí vào, chúng ta có xu hướng đưa thêm nhiều chất hóa học mà có mặt trong đó, vì vậy chúng ta thường phát ra những âm thanh như “mmm” và nghiêng gần hơn vào những thứ mà chúng ta thấy hấp dẫn.
    Và khi chúng ta thấy và trải nghiệm những điều mà chúng ta không thích, đôi khi đó chỉ là sự chối bỏ nhẹ nhàng, chúng ta chỉ lui lại một chút hoặc quay đi chỗ khác. Những lúc khác thì đó là một sự tránh né mãnh liệt, chúng ta có xu hướng nhăn mặt. Chúng ta có xu hướng tránh hít thở bất kỳ hóa chất nào. Điều này có lẽ có nguồn gốc từ những cơ chế sinh học cổ xưa nhằm ngăn chúng ta nuốt phải những thứ không tốt cho mình, những hợp chất hóa học và vị có thể độc hại.
    Nền tảng của bất kỳ cuộc thảo luận nào về cảm xúc đều phải xoay quanh loại sức hút và sự chối bỏ này đối với các thứ. Bây giờ đó là một cách suy nghĩ rất cơ bản về cảm xúc, nhưng nếu bạn nghĩ về nó, điều này hoạt động cho nhiều hoàn cảnh khác nhau và trong não bộ, từ những mạch sâu bên trong não đến những trung tâm phát triển cao hơn của não. Chúng ta có điều này về sự kéo và đẩy, nơi mà trong một tập trước tôi đã nói về các mạch cho phép bạn nhấn mạnh hành động và sau đó là các mạch không cho phép hành động, các mạch trong hạch nền cho phép bạn giảm nhấn mạnh hành động và ngăn hành động.
    Và vì vậy, chúng ta có thể phân tích thảo luận về cảm xúc thành những phiên bản đơn giản hơn của chính chúng. Nhưng ở cốt lõi của sự thu hút hoặc chối bỏ là một chủ đề quan trọng mà bạn có thể đã nhận ra, nhưng hầu hết mọi người có xu hướng bỏ qua, đó là có một hành động ở đó. Bạn hoặc đang tiến về phía trước hoặc đang lui về phía xa của một thứ gì đó.
    Não bộ có một cơ thể để mà sinh vật có thể di chuyển và cơ thể có một não để mà sinh vật có thể di chuyển về phía hoặc tránh xa những thứ mà bạn cho là tốt hoặc xấu cho mình. Điều này nằm trong não bộ cho sự chối bỏ và sự thu hút đối với các thứ và cơ thể đang điều khiển nhiều trong số đó.
    Vì vậy, ngay lập tức trong cuộc trò chuyện này, tôi muốn nêu ra một điểm quan trọng, đó là về một con đường thần kinh mà rất nhiều người đã nghe nói đến, thường xuyên được thảo luận và là một trong những thứ thường bị “quảng cáo quá mức” vì lý do sai lầm và bị “quảng cáo không đúng” cho sức mạnh thực sự của nó, đó là dây thần kinh vagus.
    Dây thần kinh vagus là một trong nhiều cách mà não bộ và cơ thể của chúng ta được kết nối và điều tiết trạng thái cảm xúc của chúng ta. Vậy dây thần kinh vagus là gì? Dây thần kinh vagus là dây thần kinh sọ thứ mười, điều này có nghĩa là các tế bào thần kinh, trung tâm điều khiển của mỗi tế bào thần kinh trong dây thần kinh vagus nằm gần cổ. Một nhánh của dây thần kinh vagus đi vào não, nhánh khác đi vào ngoại vi, nhưng không chỉ đến ruột, nó còn đến dạ dày, ruột, tim, phổi và hệ thống miễn dịch.
    Cách để suy nghĩ về dây thần kinh vagus là giống như cách tôi suy nghĩ về đôi mắt. Đôi mắt nhìn màu sắc, chúng nhìn chuyển động, chúng nhìn độ sáng và mỗi một trong số những thứ đó, những đặc điểm đó đang cho bộ não biết điều gì đó khác nhau để bộ não có thể quyết định khi nào thì nên tỉnh táo hay ngủ, có đang nhìn ai đó hấp dẫn hay không.
    Dây thần kinh vagus cũng đang phân tích nhiều đặc điểm trong cơ thể và thông báo cho não bộ cảm giác về điều đó và những gì cần làm. Một ví dụ rất tốt mà tôi nghĩ là thú vị là liên quan đến đường. Vì vậy, chúng ta đều biết rằng những thứ ngọt ngào thường có vị ngon. Điều đó thật hợp lý, đúng không? Bạn ăn một cái gì đó, nó có vị ngọt, bạn muốn thêm nhiều hơn. Thật ra, điều đó còn thú vị hơn nhiều. Khi bạn ăn một cái gì đó ngọt, trong dạ dày của bạn, có các tế bào, tế bào thần kinh, cảm nhận sự hiện diện của thực phẩm chứa đường không phụ thuộc vào vị của nó và gửi tín hiệu đến não bộ, vì vậy các cảm biến đó, các tế bào thần kinh đó, gửi thông tin lên dây thần kinh vagus đến não của bạn, qua một loạt các trạm và sau đó bạn phát ra dopamine, phân tử khiến bạn muốn nhiều hơn bất kỳ thứ gì mà bạn vừa tiêu thụ.
    Thực tế, con đường này mạnh đến mức họ đã thực hiện các thí nghiệm mà họ hoàn toàn làm tê liệt tất cả cảm giác vị giác và cảm nhận trong miệng của một người.
    Họ bị bịt mắt nên không biết mình đang ăn gì, và họ đang ăn một loại thực phẩm có chứa đường hoặc không có đường. Điều họ phát hiện ra là mặc dù người ta không thể nếm được thực phẩm có đường, họ vẫn thèm thuồng nhiều loại thực phẩm chứa đường hơn do các cảm biến trong ruột cảm nhận được đường. Và điều này cho chúng ta biết rằng chúng ta có những mạch trong cơ thể đang thúc đẩy chúng ta hướng tới những hành vi nhất định và khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tốt mặc dù chúng ta không thể nhận thức được chúng.
    Tôi muốn tạm dừng một chút và cảm ơn một trong những nhà tài trợ của chúng tôi, Function. Gần đây tôi đã trở thành thành viên của Function sau khi tìm kiếm phương pháp toàn diện nhất để xét nghiệm lab. Trong khi tôi lâu nay đã là fan của việc xét nghiệm máu, tôi thực sự muốn tìm một chương trình sâu hơn để phân tích máu, nước tiểu và nước bọt nhằm có cái nhìn toàn diện về sức khỏe tim mạch, tình trạng hormone, sự điều chỉnh hệ miễn dịch, chức năng trao đổi chất, tình trạng vitamin và khoáng chất của tôi cũng như những lĩnh vực quan trọng khác trong sức khỏe và sự sống của tôi.
    Function không chỉ cung cấp xét nghiệm cho hơn một trăm dấu hiệu sinh học quan trọng đối với sức khỏe thể chất và tinh thần, mà còn phân tích các kết quả này và cung cấp cái nhìn từ các bác sĩ về kết quả của bạn. Ví dụ, trong một trong những lần xét nghiệm đầu tiên với Function, tôi biết rằng tôi có hai mức thủy ngân cao trong máu. Điều này hoàn toàn bất ngờ đối với tôi. Tôi không hề biết trước khi thực hiện xét nghiệm.
    Function không chỉ giúp tôi phát hiện điều này mà còn cung cấp những cái nhìn từ các bác sĩ về cách tốt nhất để giảm mức thủy ngân đó, bao gồm việc hạn chế tiêu thụ cá ngừ vì tôi đã ăn rất nhiều cá ngừ, đồng thời cố gắng ăn nhiều rau xanh hơn và bổ sung NAC và acetylcysteine, cả hai đều có thể hỗ trợ sản xuất glutathione và giải độc, giúp giảm mức thủy ngân của tôi.
    Xét nghiệm lab toàn diện như thế này rất quan trọng cho sức khỏe, và mặc dù tôi đã thực hiện điều đó trong nhiều năm, tôi vẫn thấy nó quá phức tạp và tốn kém. Tôi đã rất ấn tượng với Function, cả ở mức độ dễ sử dụng, tức là việc thực hiện xét nghiệm, cũng như cách mà các xét nghiệm này toàn diện và có thể hành động được, nên tôi gần đây đã tham gia vào hội đồng cố vấn của họ, và tôi rất vui mừng khi họ tài trợ cho podcast này.
    Nếu bạn muốn thử Function, hãy truy cập vào functionhealth.com/huberman. Hiện tại Function có danh sách chờ hơn 250.000 người, nhưng họ đang cung cấp quyền truy cập sớm cho người nghe Lab Huberman. Địa chỉ là functionhealth.com/huberman để có quyền truy cập sớm vào Function.
    Giờ đây, đối với những ai thực sự quan tâm đến trực giác ruột và những cảm xúc từ ruột, đây chính là cảm giác ruột, chỉ có điều đây là một cảm giác hóa học. Đây là một tập hợp các tế bào thần kinh phát hiện rằng trong cơ thể bạn có một đặc điểm nhất định, trong trường hợp này là sự hiện diện của đường, và gửi thông tin đến não để điều khiển hành vi của bạn. Và tôi thấy điều này thật đáng chú ý, ý tôi là, điều này nên thay đổi hoàn toàn cách mà chúng ta suy nghĩ về cái gọi là đường ẩn trong thực phẩm.
    Điều này có nghĩa là ngay cả khi một thực phẩm rất mặn, như một miếng pizza hay một miếng bánh mì hoặc thậm chí như một loại nước sốt salad, nếu có đường được cho vào và bạn không thể nếm được, bạn vẫn sẽ thèm ăn hơn món đó mà không biết rằng bạn đang thèm nó vì nó có đường. Tôi thấy đây là một khía cạnh hấp dẫn của sinh học của chúng ta. Nhiều điều cảm giác của chúng ta trong khi ăn và sau khi ăn đến từ việc cảm nhận của dây thần kinh phế vị về những gì có trong ruột của chúng ta. Nó liên tục gửi thông tin. Có phải có đường không? Có phải có chất béo không? Có phải có chất ô nhiễm không? Có rất nhiều thông tin, những con đường song song mà đang đi lên não của chúng ta để điều tiết liệu chúng ta có muốn ăn thêm thứ gì hay không.
    Và có những yếu tố kích thích, những thứ khiến chúng ta muốn ăn nhiều hơn, như đường và chất béo, vì chúng là những chất dinh dưỡng phong phú và nói chung, ít nhất là trong ngắn hạn, hỗ trợ sự sống còn của động vật, nhưng cũng là axit amin. Điều này rất quan trọng. Có rất nhiều dữ liệu, nhưng phần lớn những gì có từ dữ liệu về những gì mọi người ăn và họ ăn bao nhiêu đến từ việc phát hiện tiềm thức về số lượng axit amin và mảng, tức là sự sắp xếp của các axit amin trong một thực phẩm nhất định.
    Và có thể nói rằng một tổng hợp các nghiên cứu này chỉ ra rằng mọi người sẽ ăn, không phải cho đến khi dạ dày đầy, mà cho đến khi não cảm nhận rằng họ đã có đủ lượng axit amin. Axit amin, dĩ nhiên rất quan trọng vì chúng là các khối xây dựng của cơ bắp và những thứ khác trong cơ thể cần được sửa chữa. Nhưng điều mà hầu hết mọi người không nhận ra là axit amin chính là những gì mà các chất hóa học thần kinh trong não được tạo ra từ đó.
    Bây giờ, điều này cực kỳ quan trọng. Chúng ta đã nghe rằng dopamin là một phân tử khiến bạn cảm thấy tốt. Việc giải phóng dopamin được gây ra bởi sự bất ngờ, sự phấn khích, những sự kiện mà bạn mong đợi và cuối cùng thì diễn ra tốt đẹp. Nó bị ức chế bởi những sự kiện mà bạn mong đợi nhưng không diễn ra tốt. Điều này được gọi là sai số dự đoán thưởng. Sự mong đợi của bạn về một điều gì đó giúp giải phóng dopamin và sự kiện thực tế cũng giải phóng dopamin. Và nếu dopamin liên quan đến sự kiện không vượt quá kỳ vọng hoặc ít nhất là không phù hợp với nó, có một khả năng cao hơn rằng bạn sẽ không theo đuổi điều đó nữa.
    Dopamin là điều sẽ dẫn chúng ta đến việc muốn ăn nhiều hơn một cái gì đó hoặc không muốn nhiều hơn một cái gì đó bởi vì dopamin thực sự liên quan đến sự thèm muốn. Nó liên quan đến động lực và nó liên quan đến ham muốn. Và như tôi đã đề cập, các cảm biến axit amin trong ruột của chúng ta đang phát hiện số lượng axit amin, nhưng chúng cũng đang phát hiện ra các axit amin nào. Và có một axit amin đặc biệt gọi là l-tyrosine, nó có nguồn gốc từ thực phẩm. Nó có trong thịt, trong các loại hạt, và cũng trong một số thực phẩm thực vật. Dopamin là tiền chất của một số phân tử khác như L-dopa, v.v. tạo ra dopamin.
    Tuy nhiên, các tế bào thần kinh dopamin có liên quan đến những cảm giác tốt đẹp này hay mong muốn nhiều hơn, hay khao khát và động lực, thì tồn tại trong não.
    Vì vậy, chúng ta không muốn nhầm lẫn quá nhiều.
    Chúng ta muốn tôn trọng và vinh danh sức mạnh của hệ tiêu hóa và con đường thần kinh phế vị này, nhưng thực sự, chính các tế bào thần kinh trong não bạn điều khiển việc theo đuổi và ra quyết định.
    Vậy điều này có ý nghĩa gì? Một số người sản xuất quá ít dopamine. Một số người sản xuất ít dopamine đến mức cần phải dùng thuốc dopamine theo toa. Họ cần L-dopa. Những người bị bệnh Parkinson sử dụng L-dopa và các hợp chất khác để tăng cường dopamine vì bệnh Parkinson có liên quan đến sự thiếu hụt trong vận động.
    Bệnh Parkinson là một loại trầm cảm. Nó làm cho động lực và tâm trạng bị tê liệt. Và đó là một cơn run. Cuối cùng, trong các trường hợp nghiêm trọng, nó gây ra khó khăn trong việc nói và đi lại.
    Một số ví dụ nổi tiếng sẽ là Muhammad Ali, Michael J. Fox, huấn luyện viên quyền anh vĩ đại Freddie Roach, những người này đều mắc bệnh Parkinson và ít nhất là trong giai đoạn sau của cuộc đời họ gặp khó khăn trong việc nói.
    Bây giờ một số người ngay lập tức hỏi, vậy tôi có nên bổ sung L-tyrosine không? Nó thực sự làm tăng tâm trạng, cảm giác hưng phấn và sự tỉnh táo. Nó có sẵn trên thị trường. Bạn phải kiểm tra với bác sĩ của bạn. Tôi không chịu trách nhiệm về việc chăm sóc sức khỏe của bạn và tôi không phải là bác sĩ.
    Liệu có an toàn cho bạn hay không. Những người có tình trạng thừa dopamine sẵn có như hưng cảm có lẽ không nên dùng L-tyrosine.
    Một điều khác về việc sử dụng L-tyrosine là nó có thể gây ra sự sụt giảm. Được rồi. Không phải là một cú sốc lớn nếu bạn dùng với liều lượng phù hợp và nó phù hợp với bạn, nhưng nó có thể tạo ra sự sụt giảm, cảm giác uể oải và một loại mờ não sau một ngày hoặc hơn.
    Tuy nhiên, L-tyrosine có thể được tiêu thụ thông qua thực phẩm hoặc qua việc bổ sung để tăng cường nồng độ dopamine. Điều này đã được biết đến.
    Tuy nhiên, nếu dùng kéo dài, nó có thể làm rối loạn các con đường dopamine đó.
    Hãy cùng xem chúng ta đang ở đâu. Chúng ta có một kết nối giữa não và cơ thể. Có rất nhiều kết nối, nhưng một trong những kết nối chính là dây thần kinh phế vị.
    Dây thần kinh phế vị thu thập thông tin về rất nhiều thứ, như nhịp thở, nhịp tim, những gì đang xảy ra trong ruột, v.v. Dạ dày, nhân tiện nói, bao gồm dạ dày và ruột, gửi thông tin đó lên não.
    Não sử dụng thông tin đó để quyết định một trong hai điều: di chuyển về phía một cái gì đó hoặc rời xa. Nó cũng có thể tạm dừng, nhưng về cơ bản, tạm dừng không phải là di chuyển về phía trước.
    Vì vậy, đó là con đường dopamine, và thực phẩm giàu L-tyrosine thường mang lại cho chúng ta tâm trạng hưng phấn và khiến chúng ta muốn làm nhiều hơn bất cứ điều gì mà chúng ta đang làm, cũng như những điều khác.
    Động lực có thể được áp dụng cho những điều khác. Nó không chỉ độc quyền cho việc tiêu thụ thực phẩm. Nhưng thực phẩm cung cấp cho chúng ta một luồng dopamine lớn sẽ khiến chúng ta thèm muốn nhiều hơn thực phẩm đó.
    Nó sẽ khiến chúng ta thèm muốn nhiều hơn hoạt động đã dẫn đến việc tiêu thụ thực phẩm đó. Như tôi đã đề cập trước đây, nhiều điều trong số đó diễn ra ở cấp độ tiềm thức mà bạn thậm chí không nhận ra.
    Vì vậy, một chất điều biến thần kinh khác thú vị trong bối cảnh của dây thần kinh phế vị là serotonin.
    Serotonin, chỉ để nhắc bạn, là một chất điều biến thần kinh. Do đó, nó tạo ra một sự thiên lệch về các mạch thần kinh nào, các tế bào thần kinh nào trong não và cơ thể sẽ hoạt động, và nó làm cho các mạch thần kinh khác ít có khả năng hoạt động hơn.
    Và serotonin, khi tăng lên, có xu hướng làm cho chúng ta cảm thấy rất thoải mái và như ở trong trạng thái sung sướng ở bất cứ đâu chúng ta đang ở.
    Điều này tương phản với dopamine và epinephrine, cái chủ yếu khiến chúng ta theo đuổi những thứ. Động lực là sự theo đuổi.
    Cuộc thảo luận xung quanh mối quan hệ giữa não và cơ thể và tâm trạng trong serotonin trong nhiều năm qua là, bạn biết đấy, bạn ăn một bữa lớn, ruột bị căng, bạn có tất cả các chất dinh dưỡng bạn cần, bạn nghỉ ngơi và tiêu hóa, và serotonin được giải phóng.
    Điều đó đúng một phần. Nhưng có rất nhiều điều hơn nữa đang diễn ra và rất nhiều điều thú vị và có thể hành động.
    Trước hết, một số bạn, nhưng có thể không phải tất cả, đã nghe rằng hơn 90% serotonin mà chúng ta sản xuất là ở ruột của chúng ta. Và thực sự, chúng ta có rất nhiều serotonin trong ruột.
    Nhưng đây là sự thật. Hầu hết serotonin ảnh hưởng đến tâm trạng và trạng thái tinh thần của chúng ta không ở trong ruột. Hầu hết nó nằm trong các tế bào thần kinh của não ở một khu vực gọi là nhân raphe của não.
    Cũng có một vài vị trí khác. Bạn không thể thảo luận về serotonin mà không thảo luận về thuốc chống trầm cảm vì trong cuối những năm 80 và đầu những năm 90, có một sự bùng nổ trong số lượng thuốc theo đơn được phát hành, những thứ như loại đầu tiên và nổi tiếng nhất là Prozac, Zoloft, Paxil, một số loại khác được gọi là SSRI, các chất ức chế tái hấp thu serotonin chọn lọc.
    Về cơ bản, những loại thuốc đó hoạt động bằng cách ngăn chặn việc tái hấp thu serotonin vào các tế bào thần kinh sau khi nó đã được giải phóng, điều này dẫn đến nhiều serotonin hơn tổng thể, có nghĩa là nâng cao serotonin.
    Và thực sự, những loại thuốc đó đã và có thể rất hữu ích cho một số người cảm thấy tốt hơn trong trường hợp trầm cảm và một số rối loạn lâm sàng khác.
    Không phải ai cũng phản ứng tốt với chúng, như tôi chắc chắn bạn đã nghe. Và hồ sơ tác dụng phụ của chúng có các tác dụng như làm giảm tình cảm.
    Nó có thể làm cho mọi người cảm thấy hơi phẳng, hơi mờ nhạt. Nhiều người điều chỉnh serotonin của họ chỉ bằng cách ăn nhiều thực phẩm hơn, và thực phẩm giàu carbohydrate sẽ làm tăng serotonin.
    Tôi ăn một bữa có protein tương đối cao và chất béo vừa phải, không có carbohydrate hoặc ít carbohydrate vào giờ trưa và buổi chiều để giữ tỉnh táo vì những thực phẩm đó thường có lợi cho việc sản xuất dopamine, sản xuất acetylcholine, sản xuất epinephrine và sự tỉnh táo.
    Tâm trạng của tôi thường khá tốt phần lớn thời gian. Và khi buổi tối đến và tôi lo lắng về giấc ngủ và một giấc ngủ ngon, không phải lo lắng theo cách lo âu, nhưng tôi muốn có một giấc ngủ ngon, tôi sẽ tiêu thụ những thực phẩm thúc đẩy sự giải phóng serotonin vì chúng chứa nhiều tryptophan.
    Vì vậy, như bạn thấy, đây không thật sự là một cuộc thảo luận về dinh dưỡng theo nghĩa hẹp. Đây là một cuộc thảo luận về thực phẩm, mà thực phẩm chứa các axit amin, các axit amin là tiền chất của các neuromodulator, và các neuromodulator có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến trạng thái tỉnh táo hoặc bình tĩnh, hạnh phúc, buồn bã và cảm giác an lành của bạn.
    Tôi muốn tạm dừng một chút và ghi nhận nhà tài trợ của chúng tôi, AG1. AG1 là một loại thức uống chứa vitamin, khoáng chất và probiotics, cùng với prebiotics và adaptogens. AG1 được thiết kế để đáp ứng tất cả các nhu cầu dinh dưỡng cơ bản của bạn và nó có hương vị tuyệt vời.
    Tôi đã uống AG1 từ năm 2012 và tôi bắt đầu làm điều đó vào thời điểm ngân sách cho các loại thực phẩm chức năng của tôi rất hạn chế. Thực tế, lúc đó tôi chỉ đủ tiền để mua một loại thực phẩm chức năng và tôi rất vui vì đã chọn AG1.
    Lý do là mặc dù tôi cố gắng ăn hầu hết thực phẩm của mình từ thực phẩm nguyên chất và thực phẩm ít chế biến, nhưng rất khó để tôi có đủ trái cây, rau củ, vitamin và khoáng chất, vi chất dinh dưỡng và adaptogens chỉ từ thực phẩm. Và tôi cần phải làm điều đó để đảm bảo rằng tôi có đủ năng lượng trong suốt cả ngày, ngủ ngon vào ban đêm và giữ cho hệ miễn dịch của mình mạnh mẽ.
    Nhưng khi tôi uống AG1 hàng ngày, tôi nhận thấy tất cả các khía cạnh của sức khỏe của mình, sức khỏe thể chất, sức khỏe tâm thần và hiệu suất, cả về nhận thức và thể chất đều tốt hơn. Tôi biết điều đó vì tôi đã có những giai đoạn không uống AG1 và tôi chắc chắn cảm nhận được sự khác biệt.
    Tôi cũng nhận thấy, và điều này hoàn toàn hợp lý vì mối quan hệ giữa vi khuẩn đường ruột và não, rằng khi tôi uống AG1 thường xuyên, có nghĩa là một lần vào buổi sáng hoặc giữa buổi sáng và một lần nữa vào buổi chiều hoặc buổi tối, thì tôi có nhiều sự rõ ràng về tư duy và nhiều năng lượng tinh thần hơn.
    Nếu bạn muốn thử AG1, bạn có thể vào trang drinkag1.com/huberman để nhận một ưu đãi đặc biệt. Chỉ riêng trong tháng Một năm 2025 này, AG1 đang tặng 10 gói mẫu di động miễn phí và một năm cung cấp vitamin D3K2. Một lần nữa, hãy vào trang drinkag1.com/huberman để nhận 10 gói mẫu di động miễn phí và một năm cung cấp vitamin D3K2.
    Bây giờ bạn đã hiểu mối quan hệ, tôi hy vọng, giữa thực phẩm và dopamine, thực phẩm và serotonin, và rằng chúng cả hai được truyền đạt đến não qua dây thần kinh vagus, đúng không? Vì vậy, hãy cùng nói thêm một chút về những điều mà chúng ta nạp vào cơ thể và sau đó cho phép cơ thể chúng ta thông báo cho não để thay đổi tâm trạng.
    Nhưng tôi không nghĩ hầu hết mọi người biết một sự thật đơn giản này, đó là tỷ lệ axit béo omega-3 và omega-6 có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến trầm cảm. Trước hết, trong một thí nghiệm được thực hiện trên động vật, họ phát hiện ra một mô hình của sự bất lực học được ở động vật. Điều này không thật sự nhân ái đối với chúng, nhưng họ đã đặt chuột trong một cái lọ, để chúng bơi, và chúng sẽ bơi, bơi và bơi để cố gắng cứu lấy cuộc sống của mình, và cuối cùng chúng bỏ cuộc. Đó là một sự bất lực học được.
    Họ không để cho chúng chìm, họ đã lấy chúng ra. Việc điều chỉnh tỷ lệ omega-3 và omega-6 sao cho omega-3 cao hơn dẫn đến việc giảm bớt sự bất lực học được, có nghĩa là những động vật này sẽ bơi lâu hơn. Nhưng nghiên cứu tương tự cũng được tiến hành trên con người. Họ đã chọn những người bị trầm cảm lâm sàng, trầm cảm nặng, được không? Trầm cảm nặng là một trạng thái phản ứng tiêu cực nghiêm trọng, có nghĩa là nó ảnh hưởng đến công việc, mối quan hệ, sự thèm ăn, và nhiều tác động tiêu cực đến sức khỏe khác.
    Và họ đã so sánh 1.000 miligam EPA mỗi ngày. EPA là một trong những thành phần chứa nhiều omega-3, có trong các thứ như dầu cá, nhưng không phải là 1.000 miligam dầu cá, mà là 1.000 miligam EPA. Theo đó, nó được so với 20 miligam fluoxetine, tức là Prozac, và họ thấy rằng cả hai đều có hiệu quả tương đương trong việc giảm triệu chứng trầm cảm.
    Và điều thực sự thú vị ngoài điều đó là sự kết hợp của 1.000 miligam EPA và fluoxetine có tác dụng hiệp đồng trong việc giảm triệu chứng trầm cảm. Và bây giờ có rất nhiều nghiên cứu. Nếu bạn vào PubMed và tìm kiếm EPA hoặc dầu cá và trầm cảm, bạn sẽ thấy có rất nhiều kết quả thực sự ấn tượng cho thấy chúng ít nhất cũng hiệu quả như một số loại thuốc chống trầm cảm, SSRIs tại những liều này, và nó có thể khuếch đại hoặc cải thiện hiệu quả của những liều thấp của một số loại SSRIs này.
    Bạn có thể thảo luận điều này với bác sĩ và gia đình và đưa ra những lựa chọn phù hợp với bạn. Bây giờ, tất nhiên, tôi thực sự muốn nhấn mạnh một điều, đó là không một hợp chất, dinh dưỡng, thực phẩm chức năng, thuốc hoặc hành vi nào đó sẽ là phương pháp cuối cùng để thoát khỏi trầm cảm hoặc cải thiện tâm trạng hoặc cải thiện giấc ngủ. Bạn không thể kỳ vọng uống một hợp chất bất kể nguồn gốc hay độ mạnh và thấy nó hoàn toàn thay đổi trải nghiệm sống của bạn mà không tiếp tục tham gia vào những hành vi phù hợp, tất cả những điều mà chúng ta biết, ngủ đúng cách, tập thể dục, kết nối xã hội, thực phẩm, v.v.
    Được rồi, bây giờ chúng ta hãy chuyển sang một khía cạnh khác của mối quan hệ giữa ruột và não mà có thể sẽ khiến bạn ngạc nhiên, trong một số trường hợp có thể gây sốc cho bạn, và có một số sinh vật học thực sự thú vị và có thể thực hiện được. Đó là vi khuẩn đường ruột, probiotics, và prebiotics. Vậy mối quan hệ giữa vi khuẩn đường ruột và trục não-ruột là gì? Hôm nay, thực sự chúng ta đã đề cập rất nhiều về trục não-ruột mà không liên quan gì đến vi khuẩn. Chúng tôi đã nói về dây thần kinh vagus kết nối, cung cấp thông tin cảm giác từ cơ thể đến não, và sau đó não cũng gửi, qua cùng một dây thần kinh, thông tin vận động để kiểm soát động lực, ruột, nhịp tim, tốc độ thở của chúng ta, và sự triển khai của các yếu tố miễn dịch.
    Nhưng thường thì, khi chúng ta nghe về trục não-ruột ngày nay, đó là một cuộc thảo luận về vi khuẩn đường ruột. Tôi rất vui mừng vì có rất nhiều cuộc thảo luận về vi khuẩn đường ruột. Tôi cảm thấy hơi chán nản và lo lắng vì phần lớn những gì tôi nghe ở đó là sai hoặc một phần sai.
    Vì vậy, chúng ta sẽ làm sáng tỏ một số hiểu lầm, trước tiên là thông qua việc hiểu biết về sinh học, và sau đó chúng ta sẽ nói về một số hành động cụ thể.
    Cảm giác đúng là chúng ta có rất nhiều vi sinh vật nhỏ sống trong ruột của chúng ta. Chúng không ở đó vì muốn giúp đỡ chúng ta. Chúng không có não. Tuy nhiên, chúng rất thích nghi. Chúng cố gắng tìm kiếm và tạo ra môi trường thuận lợi hơn để sinh sôi. Vì vậy, chúng không quan tâm đến bạn và tôi, nhưng chúng hoàn toàn sẵn sàng khai thác bạn và tôi để tạo ra nhiều bản sao của chính chúng.
    Hệ vi sinh vật sống trong chúng ta thay đổi dọc theo chiều dài của ống tiêu hóa. Chúng ta là một ống dài để tiêu hóa, và bên trong ống đó là một lớp niêm mạc. Các điều kiện của lớp niêm mạc đó thiết lập một số yếu tố khác nhau. Nó xác định tốc độ tiêu hóa và chất lượng tiêu hóa của chúng ta. Nó xác định, chẳng hạn, hệ thống miễn dịch của chúng ta.
    Chúng ta đang hấp thụ mọi thứ mọi lúc. Chúng ta đang nói về không khí, vi khuẩn, virus, chúng đang dần xâm nhập vào ruột của chúng ta. Và một số trong những vi khuẩn đó sống trong ruột, và một số vi khuẩn đó thay đổi lớp niêm mạc trong ruột, dạ dày và ruột kết, để trở nên acid hơn hoặc kiềm hơn để chúng có thể sinh sản nhiều hơn.
    Bây giờ, một số lớp niêm mạc mà chúng tăng cường khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tốt hơn. Chúng khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tỉnh táo hơn. Chúng củng cố hệ miễn dịch của chúng ta và có những cái khác khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tồi tệ hơn. Quy tắc đầu tiên, hệ vi sinh không phải là tốt hay xấu. Một số vi sinh vật nhỏ sống trong chúng ta gây ra những tác động xấu cho chúng ta. Chúng khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tồi tệ hơn. Chúng làm giảm khả năng miễn dịch của chúng ta. Chúng tác động đến chúng ta theo những cách tiêu cực.
    Một số trong số chúng khiến chúng ta cảm thấy tốt hơn. Và chúng làm điều đó chủ yếu bằng cách thay đổi các điều kiện môi trường trong ruột của chúng ta. Ngoài ra, chúng cũng tác động đến các chất dẫn truyền thần kinh và các tế bào thần kinh sống trong ruột và gửi tín hiệu lên não để tác động đến những thứ như dopamine và serotonin mà chúng ta đã đề cập trước đó.
    Hiện nay có rất nhiều nghiên cứu nhằm hiểu rõ các nguồn thực phẩm, loại thực phẩm nào tốt hoặc không tốt cho hệ vi sinh đường ruột. Có vài điều mà tôi nghĩ bạn có thể thấy bất ngờ. Đầu tiên, việc hỗ trợ một hệ vi sinh đường ruột khỏe mạnh tốt cho tâm trạng, tuyệt vời cho việc tiêu hóa và tốt cho chức năng của hệ miễn dịch. Tuy nhiên, điều đó không có nghĩa là bạn nên sử dụng tối đa hoặc tiêu thụ nhiều probiotic và prebiotic nhất mà bạn có thể.
    Như tôi đã đề cập nhiều lần trước đây, tôi tin vào probiotic. Tôi tiêu thụ probiotic, nhưng có những nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng nếu bạn tiêu thụ quá nhiều một số probiotic nhất định như lactobacillus và tăng cường mức độ hơn nữa, không phải lúc nào nhiều hơn cũng tốt hơn. Có những yếu tố như “sương mù não” có thể phát sinh từ điều đó. “Sương mù não” chỉ là không thể tập trung. Mọi người cảm thấy không được khỏe nói chung. Một số nghiên cứu đó có phần gây tranh cãi, nhưng tôi nghĩ rằng không ngoa khi nói rằng nếu mọi người tăng lượng probiotic họ đang tiêu thụ vượt quá một mức nhất định, họ sẽ cảm thấy tâm trí mờ mịt.
    Việc tiêu thụ thực phẩm lên men là một trong những cách tốt nhất để hỗ trợ mức vi sinh đường ruột khỏe mạnh mà không vượt quá ngưỡng dẫn đến những vấn đề như “sương mù não”. Đến mức mà một số người báo cáo rằng khi họ bắt đầu ăn một ít thực phẩm lên men, vì nó không cần nhiều thực phẩm lên men, tâm trạng tổng thể của họ tốt hơn. Không khác gì những tác động của EPA, mặc dù tôi không nghĩ rằng nó đã được nghiên cứu trực tiếp trong bối cảnh trầm cảm lâm sàng cho đến nay.
    Có một số điều mà bạn có thể làm để thực sự làm tổn hại đến hệ vi sinh đường ruột của mình. Và đây là nơi có một hiểu lầm lớn mà tôi muốn làm rõ. Đã có một nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng các chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo, nhưng một loại chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo nhất định, đó là saccharin, có thể làm rối loạn hệ vi sinh đường ruột theo cách gây hại cho một số chỉ số sức khỏe khác nhau, làm tăng cytokine viêm và tất cả những thứ xấu khác xảy ra khi hệ vi sinh đường ruột bị xáo trộn.
    Saccharin không phải là chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo điển hình nhất được sử dụng. Các chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo điển hình mà được sử dụng là những thứ như aspartame, còn gọi là NutriSweet, hoặc sucralose, hoặc ngày nay là stevia, theo hiểu biết của tôi. Các tác động tiêu cực của những chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo này đối với hệ vi sinh đường ruột đều liên quan đến saccharin. Vì vậy, điều xảy ra là một số chất tạo ngọt nhân tạo, đặc biệt là saccharin, làm rối loạn hệ vi sinh và khiến môi trường bên trong ruột, lớp niêm mạc đó, trở nên thuận lợi hơn cho các vi khuẩn không tốt cho cơ thể.
    Đây là một sự khác biệt quan trọng. Không chỉ là vấn đề ngôn ngữ nơi mọi người nói, “Ôi, bạn biết đấy, nó giết chết hệ vi sinh.” Nó không giết chết hệ vi sinh. Nó làm thay đổi hệ vi sinh và những thay đổi trong hệ vi sinh có thể tốt hoặc xấu. Và điều đó dẫn chúng ta đến một chủ đề khác, một chủ đề hơi nhạy cảm, nhưng tôi sẵn sàng đi đến đó vì tôi nghĩ rằng nó xứng đáng được thảo luận, đó là hiện nay có nhiều ví dụ nơi mọi người đã chuyển từ một chế độ ăn uống tiêu chuẩn hoặc thậm chí chế độ ăn chay sang chế độ ăn keto.
    Bây giờ, chế độ ăn keto không nhất thiết phải có nghĩa là tiêu thụ thịt, nhưng có thể có. Và họ trải nghiệm những tác động tích cực cho bản thân, nhưng chế độ ăn ketogenic thì thú vị bởi vì khi một người chuyển sang chế độ ăn ketogenic, có một sự thay đổi trong hệ vi sinh đường ruột và một số người cảm thấy tốt hơn. Một số người lại cảm thấy tồi tệ hơn. Tương tự, một số người chuyển từ việc tiêu thụ sản phẩm động vật, bao gồm thịt hoặc họ ăn chay và chuyển sang ăn chay thuần và họ trải nghiệm những cải thiện tích cực về tâm trạng và cảm xúc.
    Vì vậy, điểm mấu chốt của tất cả những điều này là khi tôi nói bạn phải tìm ra điều gì phù hợp với bạn, đó không phải là một tuyên bố hời hợt. Hệ vi sinh của một số người và lớp niêm mạc ở cổ họng, ruột, mũi của họ, mọi thứ đều cải thiện nhờ vào những chế độ ăn chủ yếu dựa trên thịt và không có nhiều thực vật.
    Những người khác có kết quả tốt hơn rất nhiều với chế độ ăn chay không có nhiều sản phẩm từ thịt hay các sản phẩm từ động vật. Điều này phụ thuộc nhiều vào cá nhân và có thể có nguồn gốc từ di truyền. Nó có thể có gốc rễ từ việc mọi người được nuôi dưỡng như thế nào, bởi vì hãy nhớ rằng, hệ thần kinh của bạn, tất nhiên, được thiết lập bởi gene, chương trình di truyền của bạn, nhưng hệ thần kinh của bạn, nó thích nghi sớm trong cuộc sống với các điều kiện của bạn. Đó là lý do tại sao nó tồn tại. Lý do bạn có một hệ thần kinh là để di chuyển cơ thể của bạn một cách phù hợp hướng tới những thứ tốt cho bạn và xa những thứ không tốt, nhưng nó cũng được thiết kế để thích nghi. Nhưng đúng vậy, một số người có thể thích một số loại thực phẩm nhất định và phản ứng với một số thực phẩm tốt hơn so với những người khác vì cách mà hệ thần kinh của họ được cấu trúc, cái mà được gọi là hệ thần kinh ruột, mà lót lấy đường ruột và giao tiếp với não.
    Tất cả những gì tôi đã nói hôm nay hầu như là đen và trắng. Đây là những điều có mặt trong tất cả chúng ta, các nơron cảm nhận đường của ruột, cách mà dây thần kinh phế vị được kết nối, thực tế là omega-3, omega-6 có xu hướng cải thiện, tỷ lệ cao omega-3, omega-6 có tác động đến tâm trạng. Chúng tôi đã nói về mọi thứ trong trục não ruột và cơ thể, nhưng khi nói đến hệ vi sinh vật, điều quan trọng là tất cả chúng ta đều có một hệ vi sinh vật. Bạn muốn có một hệ vi sinh vật, nhưng bạn muốn thúc đẩy hệ vi sinh vật phù hợp với bạn. Và điều đó có thể được thay đổi và điều chỉnh bằng cách tiêu thụ một số loại thực phẩm nhất định và không tiêu thụ những loại thực phẩm khác. Rõ ràng rằng những thực phẩm lên men này hỗ trợ hệ vi sinh vật, rằng chúng ta nên tiêu thụ ít nhất hai phần mỗi ngày, điều này khá nhiều, rằng việc bổ sung với mức thấp có thể tốt. Việc bổ sung với mức cao có thể tạo ra cảm giác mơ màng trong đầu, ngay cả khi một số người nói rằng kết quả đó là gây tranh cãi, tôi đã trải nghiệm điều này chính mình, và dữ liệu có vẻ khá vững chắc. Đó là một điều cần suy nghĩ.
    Và điều khác liên quan đến hệ vi sinh vật ruột là nó rất nhiều phụ thuộc vào các yếu tố khác mà bạn đang thực hiện. Vì vậy, ngay cả những thứ như tập thể dục và sự kết nối xã hội, điều này cũng ảnh hưởng đến hệ vi sinh vật ruột. Vì vậy, hãy tìm kiếm chế độ ăn uống phù hợp với bạn và có hiệu quả trong bối cảnh của những lựa chọn đạo đức và phong cách sống khác quan trọng với bạn. Đó là lời khuyên của tôi.
    Tôi muốn nghỉ ngơi một chút và cảm ơn một trong những nhà tài trợ của chúng tôi, Element. Element là một loại đồ uống điện giải có tất cả những gì bạn cần và không có gì bạn không cần. Điều đó có nghĩa là các điện giải, natri, magiê và kali, theo các tỷ lệ chính xác, nhưng không có đường. Tất cả các bạn nên biết rằng việc chống mất nước đúng cách là rất quan trọng cho chức năng tối ưu của não và cơ thể. Thực tế, ngay cả một mức độ mất nước nhẹ cũng có thể làm giảm hiệu suất nhận thức và thể chất của bạn một cách đáng kể. Cũng quan trọng là bạn không chỉ được cung cấp nước đủ mà còn cần đảm bảo rằng bạn nhận được lượng điện giải đầy đủ theo tỷ lệ đúng. Uống một gói Element hòa tan trong nước giúp dễ dàng đảm bảo rằng bạn đang nhận được lượng cung cấp nước và điện giải thích hợp. Để đảm bảo rằng tôi đang nhận được lượng đầy đủ cả hai, tôi hòa tan một gói Element trong khoảng 16-32 ounce nước khi tôi thức dậy vào buổi sáng và tôi uống nó ngay lập tức.
    Tôi cũng sẽ uống một gói Element được hòa tan trong nước trước bất kỳ loại hình tập thể dục nào mà tôi đang thực hiện, đặc biệt là vào những ngày nóng khi tôi đổ mồ hôi nhiều và mất nước cũng như điện giải. Có rất nhiều hương vị ngon miệng khác nhau của Element. Tôi thích dưa hấu. Tôi thích mâm xôi. Tôi thích chanh. Nói chung, tôi thích tất cả. Nếu bạn muốn thử Element, bạn có thể truy cập drinkelement.com/huberman để yêu cầu một gói mẫu Element với bất kỳ đơn hàng nào của đồ uống pha Element. Một lần nữa, đó là drink element được viết là L-M-N-T, vì vậy hãy truy cập drinkelement.com/huberman để yêu cầu một gói mẫu miễn phí.
    Khi chúng ta kết thúc, tôi muốn chia sẻ với bạn một số kết quả mà không nghi ngờ gì sẽ ảnh hưởng đến cách bạn phản ứng với thực phẩm về mặt tinh thần và thậm chí thể chất. Tôi có một đồng nghiệp ở Stanford, Aliyah Krum, người đã thực hiện một số thí nghiệm đáng kể về tâm lý, hai trong số đó đặc biệt thú vị với tôi. Tôi muốn chia sẻ với bạn ngay bây giờ vì chúng thực sự nhấn mạnh cách mà niềm tin của chúng ta có thể thực sự ảnh hưởng đến cách mà não và cơ thể của chúng ta hoạt động cùng nhau. Tôi nghĩ thí nghiệm nổi tiếng nhất trong số này là một thí nghiệm họ đã thực hiện nơi họ có hai nhóm cá nhân. Mỗi nhóm được cho uống một ly sữa lắc và có một số yếu tố được đo từ máu của họ qua IV trong khi họ uống sữa lắc và cả sau đó. Một trong những yếu tố mà họ đang nhìn vào là một cái gọi là grelin, G-H-R-E-L-I-N. Grelin là một peptide tăng lên khi bạn đói, vì vậy càng lâu chưa ăn, grelin càng tăng.
    Một nhóm được cho một ly sữa lắc mà họ được nói là sữa lắc ít calo, lành mạnh. Nhóm còn lại được cho uống một ly sữa lắc mà họ được nói là rất cao calo, rất sang trọng. Những gì họ phát hiện ra là ly sữa lắc cao calo có tác động mạnh mẽ hơn nhiều trong việc làm giảm grelin và giảm grelin. Điều thú vị mà bạn có thể đã đoán được là đó chính là ly sữa lắc giống hệt nhau được đưa cho cả hai nhóm. Điều này nói lên các cơ chế “từ trên xuống” hoặc điều chỉnh của sinh lý học của chúng ta. Trong một tập trước về cơn đau, chúng tôi đã nói về tác động của sự ám ảnh và tình yêu đối với phản ứng đối với cơn đau và ngưỡng đau. Đây là một ví dụ khác mà niềm tin hoặc cảm giác chủ quan có thể ảnh hưởng đến sinh lý học ở mức độ ngoại vi bởi vì grelin được giải phóng ở ngoại vi trong cơ thể. Đây không chỉ là hiệu ứng giả dược, đây là một tập hợp các phát hiện đáng kinh ngạc thể hiện mức độ mà chúng ta tin rằng một loại thực phẩm sẽ tốt cho chúng ta hay không, những tác động của niềm tin này không phải là về việc nói dối chính mình. Để chúng hoạt động, bạn phải ngây thơ với thông tin.
    Bạn không thể đơn giản chỉ nói dối chính mình và bảo rằng bạn muốn tin điều gì. Điều đó quan trọng, nhưng cũng quan trọng là tâm trí và cơ thể đang trong một mối tương tác thú vị này. Hôm nay, chúng ta đã chủ yếu nói về cách mà cơ thể và những thứ mà chúng ta đưa vào trong ống dẫn từ miệng đến cuối cùng ở trực tràng ảnh hưởng đến tất cả các tế bào này, các nơron, microbiota ở đó, lớp màng niêm mạc, tim, phổi, và cách mà tất cả thông tin đó truyền lên não để ảnh hưởng đến cảm giác của chúng ta ở đây. Nhưng cảm giác mà chúng ta có ở đây cũng ảnh hưởng đến cách mà cơ thể chúng ta phản ứng ở mức độ sinh lý rất cốt lõi mà bạn không thể chỉ nói với bản thân rằng điều này sẽ có tác dụng. Nhưng những gì bạn tin về một số chất, một số thực phẩm, một số dinh dưỡng thực sự có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến mức độ tác động của chúng, và đôi khi thậm chí là chất lượng và hướng đi của tác động đó. Vậy nên trong tập ngày hôm nay, chúng ta đã có một hành trình đầy thú vị vào mối quan hệ giữa não bộ và cơ thể và thảo luận về nhiều cơ chế và các yếu tố có thể hành động mà bạn có thể tiếp cận nếu bạn muốn khám phá khía cạnh này của sinh học và tâm lý học của bạn thêm nữa. Cuối cùng, nhưng chắc chắn không kém phần quan trọng, tôi muốn cảm ơn mọi người vì thời gian và sự chú ý hôm nay, và như luôn luôn, cảm ơn bạn vì sự quan tâm đến khoa học. [NHẠC]
    歡迎來到霍伯曼實驗室精華,我們將重溫過去的集數,提供最有效且可行的基於科學的心理健康、身體健康和表現工具。我的名字是安德魯·霍伯曼,我是斯坦福醫學院神經生物學和眼科的教授。本播客與我在斯坦福的教學和研究角色是分開的。今天我們將討論情緒。情緒是我們整個生活體驗的核心。無論我們是快樂、悲傷、沮喪還是生氣,都是我們的生活經驗。然而,我認為,儘管我們對情緒給予了如此重要的重視,實際上很少有人真正理解情緒是如何在我們的大腦和身體中產生的。我提到大腦和身體,是因為正如你今天將看到的,情緒確實反映了大腦與身體之間的關係。我們不能說情緒只是源於我們頭腦中的情況。關於情緒的另一件事是,對於什麼是好情緒或壞情緒,並沒有真正的共識。今天我們將在食物和營養的背景下討論引發情緒的化學物質和途徑的生物學。關於情緒的討論有著悠久而豐富的歷史,可以追溯到達爾文甚至更早。這是一個哲學家和科學家數百年甚至數千年來一直在進行的對話。達爾文提出的觀點,約在過去一百年內非常有吸引力,認為情緒是普遍的,並且某些情緒表情是普遍的。其他人也利用了這一觀點,在某種程度上這是正確的。我認為,最堅固的兩個例子是,當我們看到、聞到或品嚐到我們喜歡的東西時,往往會有往前傾的姿勢,此時我們通常會吸氣,並且傾向於引入更多的化學物質,因此我們傾向於發出“嗯”的聲音,並靠近那些吸引我們的事物。而當我們看到和體驗到不喜歡的東西時,有時只是輕微的厭惡,我們會向後靠或者轉開視線。其他時候則是激烈的厭惡和噁心,我們會不自覺地皺眉。我們傾向於避免吸入任何的化學物質。這可能源於古代生物機制,旨在防止我們攝取對我們有害的東西,比如可能是毒性的化學化合物和味道。因此,任何關於情緒的討論都必須圍繞這種對事物的吸引或避開的動力進行。這是一種非常基本的情緒思維方式,但如果你仔細想想,這適用於許多不同的情況,並且在大腦中,從深層的神經回路到我們所稱的更高級進化中心,我們有這種吸引與厭惡的推拉關係。在之前的集數中,我談到過那些促使你採取行動的神經迴路,以及那些使你減少行動並防止行動的“禁止”迴路,位於基底神經節中。因此,我們可以將關於情緒的討論簡化為這些更簡單的形式。但在吸引或厭惡的核心,有一個重要主題,你可能已經意識到了,但大多數人傾向於忽略,那就是這裡有一個行動。你要麼向前移動,要麼遠離某件事情。大腦有一個身體,讓生物體可以移動,而身體有一個大腦,讓生物體能夠朝著你認為對你有好處或有壞處的事物移動。大腦對厭惡和吸引的事物有反應,身體在其中起著主導作用。因此在這個對話中,我想提出一個重要的觀點,那就是關於一條許多人聽過的神經通路,這條通路總是受到大量討論,也是出於錯誤原因過度推銷且可惜未能充分宣傳其真正力量的迷走神經。迷走神經是我們的大腦和身體連接的途徑之一,並調節我們的情感狀態。那么,什麼是迷走神經呢?迷走神經是第十對腦神經,這基本上意味著迷走神經中每個神經元的控制中心就位於頸部附近。迷走神經的一個分支進入大腦,另一個分支則進入周邊,不僅僅是腸道,還包括胃、腸道、心臟、肺和免疫系統。因此,思考迷走神經的方式,就像我思考眼睛一樣。眼睛在觀察顏色、運動和亮度,而這些特徵在告訴大腦不同的訊息,讓大腦決定何時該清醒或入睡,是否在看某個吸引人的或不吸引人的人。迷走神經也在分析身體內部的許多特徵,並告訴大腦如何感受和該做什麼。因此,我認為一個令人興奮的例子是與糖相關的例子。我們都知道甜食通常味道很好,因此這是合乎邏輯的,對吧?你吃東西,它的味道甜,你會想要更多的東西。然而,實際上情況更為有趣。當你吃某些甜食時,你的胃部有細胞、神經元,能夠檢測甜食的存在,無論它們的味道,然後將信號發送給大腦。這些感測器、這些神經元會將訊息通過迷走神經上送至大腦,經過一系列站點後釋放多巴胺,這種分子會使你想要更多剛剛攝取的東西。事實上,這條通路的力量如此強大,以至於他們進行過實驗,讓某人的口腔完全失去味覺和感覺。
    他們被蒙住眼睛,因此無法知道自己在吃什麼,而他們正在吃的食物要麼含糖,要麼不含糖。他們發現,即使人們無法品嚐到含糖食物的味道,卻仍然渴望更多含糖食物,這是因為腸道中的感應器能夠感知糖分。這告訴我們,我們的身體中有神經迴路驅使我們朝向某些行為,即使我們無法感知這些行為,卻仍能讓我們感到良好。
    在此,我想簡單休息一下,感謝我們的一位贊助商 Function。我最近成為 Function 會員,尋找最全面的實驗室檢測方法。雖然我長期以來一直是血液檢測的粉絲,但我真的想找到一個更深入的計劃來分析血液、尿液和唾液,以全面了解我的心臟健康、荷爾蒙狀態、免疫系統調節、新陳代謝功能、維他命和礦物質狀態以及其他對我整體健康和活力至關重要的領域。
    Function 不僅提供超過一百種與身體和心理健康相關的生物標記檢測,還會分析這些結果並提供醫生的見解。例如,在我與 Function 的第一次檢測中,我發現自己的血液中有兩種汞的濃度偏高。這讓我感到非常驚訝,在進行檢測之前,我對此一無所知。Function 不僅幫助我檢測到這一點,還提供了醫生告知的見解,告訴我如何最佳地降低汞的濃度,包括限制我食用金槍魚的量,因為我之前吃了很多金槍魚,並且努力多吃綠葉蔬菜,同時補充 NAC 和乙醯半胱氨酸,因為這兩者都可以支持谷胱甘肽的生成和排毒,並有效降低我的汞濃度。
    這樣全面的實驗室檢測對健康至關重要,而雖然我已經進行了多年,但我總覺得這樣的過程過於繁瑣且昂貴。我對 Function 的印象非常深刻,它在使用方便性上,即進行檢測的過程,以及檢測的全面性和可行性上讓我感到驚喜,因此我最近加入了他們的顧問委員會,並且非常高興他們贊助了這個播客。如果你想嘗試 Function,可以訪問 functionhealth.com/huberman。Function 目前有超過 250,000 人的等待名單,但他們為 Huberman lab 的聽眾提供了提前訪問的機會。也就是說,想要提前獲得 Function 的機會,請訪問 functionhealth.com/huberman。
    現在,對於那些真正對腸道直覺及其感受感興趣的人來說,這是一種腸道的感覺,只不過這是一種化學的腸道感覺。這是一組特定的神經元,可以檢測到你體內某些特徵,在這個例子中是糖的存在,並將信息發送到大腦,以本質上控制你的行為。我覺得這是非常值得注意的,這應該完全重新塑造我們對食品中所謂隱藏糖分的看法。這意味著,即使某種食物非常鮮美,比如比薩或麵包,甚至是沙拉醬,如果裡面偷偷加了糖而你無法品嚐出來,你仍然會渴望更多而不自知,因為它含有糖。我發現這是我們生物學的一個迷人方面。我們在吃東西時和吃完後的感覺很多是由這種迷走神經來感知我們腸道的內容。它不斷發送信息:是否有糖?是否有脂肪?是否有污染物?有很多的信息,這些所謂的平行通路進入我們的大腦,調節我們是否想再吃更多的東西。而且有一些促進因素,例如糖和脂肪,會讓我們更想吃,因為這些都是營養密集的,在短期內都至少有助於動物的生存,但還有氨基酸。這非常重要。有很多數據,但來自於人們的飲食和吃多少的數據,很多來自於潛意識中對氨基酸數量以及某種食物中氨基酸的排列,或稱為氨基酸的星座的檢測。而且可以公平地說,這些研究的總和指向了這樣一個方向:人們基本上會在大腦察覺到他們有足夠的氨基酸攝入時吃,而不是等到肚子飽滿。氨基酸當然是重要的,因為它們是肌肉以及我們身體中需要修復的其他東西的基本單位。但大多數人並不知道的是,氨基酸是大腦中神經化學物質的構成成分。
    現在,這是至關重要的。我們已經聽說多巴胺是一種讓你感覺良好的分子。多巴胺的釋放是由驚喜、興奮、期待的事件導致的,這些事件的結果是好的。當期待的事件未能如願時,它會被抑制。這被稱為獎勵預測誤差。你對某事的預期會釋放多巴胺,而實際事件釋放的多巴胺。如果涉及事件所釋放的多巴胺未超過預期或至少相符,則你不會再次追求這件事的可能性會大大增加。多巴胺促使我們想要多吃某種東西或不想要更多,因為多巴胺本質上就是與渴望有關。它關乎動機和慾望。如我所提到的,這些氨基酸感應器在我們的腸道中檢測氨基酸的數量,但它們同時也檢測哪些氨基酸。有一種名為酪氨酸的特定氨基酸來自食物,存在於肉類、堅果,還有一些植物基食品中。多巴胺是其他幾種分子的前體,例如 L-多巴等,這些分子會合成多巴胺。
    然而,產生這些愉悅感或渴望更多欲望與動機的多巴胺神經元存在於大腦中。所以,我們不想搞得太混淆。我們要尊重並重視腸道及其迷走神經路徑的力量,但實際上驅動追求和決策的是你大腦中的神經元。那么這意味著什麼呢?有些人產生的多巴胺太少。有些人產生的多巴胺非常少,以至於他們需要處方多巴胺。他們需要L-多巴。帕金森病患者服用L-多巴和其他化合物來增加多巴胺,因為帕金森病與運動缺陷有關。帕金森病是一種抑鬱症,是動機、情緒和情感的鈍化。此外,它還伴隨著顫抖。在嚴重情況下,還會面臨說話和行走的挑戰。一些著名的例子包括穆罕默德·阿里、邁克爾·J·福克斯,還有偉大的拳擊教練弗雷迪·羅奇,這些人都患有帕金森病,並且至少在他們的一生晚期有說話的挑戰。
    現在,有些人會立即問,嗯,我應該補充L-酪氨酸嗎?它確實能提升情緒和警覺性。它是非處方藥。你必須詢問你的醫生。我不是你健康護理的負責人,我也不是醫生。是否對你安全。具有既往高多巴胺能狀況(如狂躁症)的人可能不應該服用L-酪氨酸。關於服用L-酪氨酸的另一個問題是會出現崩潰。好的。如果你在適當的劑量下服用,並且它適合你,那麼這不是一次巨大的崩潰,但它可能會在第二天或之後產生崩潰,感到無精打采和一種腦霧。因此,然而,L-酪氨酸可以通過食物或補充劑被攝入以提高多巴胺水平。這是眾所周知的。從長期來看,它可能會擾亂這些多巴胺途徑。讓我們回顧一下我們的狀況。我們有一個腦-身體連結。這其中有很多種,但主要的之一是迷走神經。迷走神經收集許多信息,包括呼吸、心率、腸道發生的事情等等。順便提一下,腸道包括胃和腸,這些信息被傳遞到大腦。大腦使用這些信息來決定往兩個方向之一行動,向某事物移動或遠離某事物。它也可以暫停,但本質上,暫停並不是向前移動。所以這就是多巴胺路徑,而富含L-酪氨酸的食物通常讓我們的情緒提升,讓我們想要做更多的事情,無論是我們正在做的事情,還是其他事情。動機會普遍用於其他事情,這並不是說僅僅是攝取食物。但那些給我們帶來大量多巴胺的食物會使我們渴望更多這種食物。它會使我們渴望更多引導我們攝取這種食物的活動。如我之前提到的,很多這些都是在一個潛意識的層面上發生,而你甚至沒有意識到。
    在迷走神經的背景下,另一個非常有趣的神經調節劑是血清素。為了提醒你,血清素是一種神經調節劑。因此,它會在大腦和身體中創建信號偏差,決定哪些神經迴路、哪些神經元將會活躍,並使其他神經元不太可能活躍。而血清素一旦上升,會使我們感到非常舒適,並在我們所在的地方感覺有些快感。這與多巴胺和腎上腺素相對,後者主要使我們追求某些東西。動機就是追求。多年間有關腦-身體關係和情緒與血清素的討論是,嗯,你吃了一頓豐盛的餐點,腸道膨脹,你得到了所有所需的營養,你就可以休息和消化,血清素會被釋放。這在某種程度上是正確的。但實際上還有很多其他更有趣和可操作的事情在發生。首先,你們中有些人,也許不是所有人,已經聽說我們產生的血清素有90%以上在腸道中。事實上,我們的腸道中有很多血清素。但問題在於,影響我們情緒和心理狀態的大部分血清素並不在腸道中。大部分是在大腦中的一個叫做髓質核的區域的神經元中。還有一些其他位置。
    如果不討論抗抑鬱藥,便無法討論血清素,因為在80年代末和90年代初,抗抑鬱藥的處方數急劇增加,最著名的如百憂解(Prozac)、舍曲林(Zoloft)、帕羅西汀(Paxil)以及其他一些所謂的選擇性血清素再攝取抑制劑(SSRI)。這些藥物的基本功能是防止神經元在釋放後再次攝取血清素,從而導致整體血清素水平的提高,這意味著提升血清素。而這些藥物確實對某些人在抑鬱和其他臨床疾病的情況下感覺好轉非常有幫助。並非所有人都對這些藥物反應良好,正如你們所聽到的那樣。它們的副作用包括情感鈍化,使人感覺有些平淡、無趣。許多人通過增加食物攝取來調整其血清素,碳水化合物豐富的食物能增加血清素。我在午餐和下午吃相對高蛋白質和適量脂肪的零碳或低碳餐,以保持警覺,因為這些食物有助於促進多巴胺、乙酰膽鹼和腎上腺素的生成以及警覺性。我的情緒一般在大部分時間內會很好。然後隨著夜晚的來臨,我擔心睡眠和良好的睡眠,並不是以焦慮的方式擔心,而是我想要一個良好的夜間睡眠,我會攝入促進血清素釋放的食物,因為它們含有大量的色氨酸。
    所以如你所見,這其實並不是一個關於營養的討論。這是一個關於食物的討論,食物中含有氨基酸,而氨基酸是神經調節劑的前驅物,而神經調節劑對你的整體覺醒狀態、冷靜、快樂、悲傷和幸福感有深遠的影響。我想花點時間來休息一下,並感謝我們的贊助商 AG1。AG1 是一款維生素礦物質益生菌飲品,還包括益生元和適應原。AG1 的設計旨在滿足你所有的基礎營養需求,味道也很好。自從2012年起,我就開始飲用 AG1,那時我的補充劑預算非常有限。事實上,那時我只夠錢買一種補充劑,而我很高興我選擇了 AG1。原因是,儘管我努力從全食物和最少加工的食物中獲取大部分食物,但光靠食物很難獲得足夠的水果、蔬菜、維生素和礦物質、微量營養素和適應原。而我需要這些來確保我整天有足夠的能量、晚上睡得好,並保持免疫系統強大。但是,當我每天服用 AG1 時,我發現我的健康各方面,無論是身體健康、心理健康還是認知和體能表現,都變得更好。我知道這一點,因為我曾經有過不服用 AG1 的間歇期,而我確實感受到了差異。我還注意到,這有點合乎邏輯,因為腸道微生物組和大腦之間的關係,當我定期服用 AG1 時,對我來說意味著早上或中午喝一份,然後下午或晚上再喝一份,我的精神變得更清晰,心智的能量也更多。如果你想試試 AG1,可以前往 drinkag1.com/huberman 獲取特別優惠。僅在2025年1月,AG1 正在贈送10包免費旅行包和一年的維生素 D3K2 供應。再次前往 drinkag1.com/huberman 來獲取10包免費旅行包和一年的維生素 D3K2 供應。現在,希望你能理解食物與多巴胺、食物與血清素之間的關係,這兩者都是通過迷走神經與大腦溝通的,對吧?所以我們再談談一些我們攝入體內的東西,然後讓我們的身體告訴我們的大腦改變情緒。但是我不認為大多數人知道這一簡單事實,那就是 omega-3 與 omega-6 脂肪酸的比例對抑鬱症有深遠的影響。首先,在一項對動物的實驗中,他們發現存在一種學習無助的動物模型。這對動物來說並不太友好,但他們把老鼠放在一個罐子裡,讓它們游泳,牠們會拼命游泳以求生存,最終卻放棄了。這是學習無助。雖然不讓牠們淹死,但會把牠們取出來。調整 omega-3 和 omega-6 的比例,使 omega-3 的比例更高,則減少了學習無助,這意味著這些動物能游得更久。但是同樣的研究也基本上在人體中進行了。他們選取了臨床抑鬱患者,也就是重度抑鬱症,重度抑鬱症是一種嚴重的適應不良狀態,妨礙工作、關係、食慾,產生各種負面健康影響。並且他們對每天攝入1,000毫克 EPA 進行了比較。EPA 是一種含有高濃度 omega-3 的成分,存在於魚油等食物中,但這並不是1,000毫克的魚油,而是1,000毫克的 EPA。根據這項研究,這與20毫克的氟西汀(普樂安定)相當,也就是說,在減少抑鬱症狀方面,它們的效能是相當的。更有趣的是,1,000毫克的 EPA 和氟西汀的組合在降低抑鬱症狀方面具有協同效應。現在有很多研究。如果你去 PubMed 網站,輸入 EPA 或魚油和抑鬱症,你會發現有不少讓人印象深刻的結果,顯示在這些劑量下,它至少與某些 SSRIs(選擇性血清素再攝取抑制劑)、抗抑鬱藥物一樣有效,並且可以增強或改善某些 SSRIs 在低劑量下的效果。你可以和你的醫生和家人討論,做出適合自己的選擇。當然,我真的想強調一點,沒有任何化合物、營養素、補充劑、藥物或行為能夠成為跳出抑鬱或改善情緒或改善睡眠的終極解決方案。你不能期望無論來源或效力如何,只要服用一種化合物,就能完全改變你的生活體驗,而不必繼續參與適當的行為,包括睡眠、運動、社交連結、飲食等等。好吧,現在讓我們轉向腸-腦關係的另一個方面,這可能會讓你感到驚訝,有時甚至會讓你震驚,並且涉及一些非常酷且可行的生物學。那就是腸道微生物群、益生菌和益生元。那麼腸道微生物群與腸-腦軸有什麼關係呢?今天我們已經討論了許多與腸-腦軸有關的內容,這和微生物群無關。我們一直在討論這條迷走神經,它提供來自身體的感覺信息到大腦,然後大腦也通過同一條神經發送運動信息來控制腸道的運動性、心率、呼吸速度以及免疫系統的部署。但是,當我們現在聽到腸-腦軸時,通常是關於腸道微生物組的討論。我很高興有這麼多關於腸道微生物組的討論,但我有些失望且擔心的是我所聽到的內容大多數都是錯誤或部分錯誤的。
    所以我們將首先澄清一些誤解,通過理解生物學,然後我們會談論一些可行的項目。 事實上,我們的腸道裡生活著許多微生物。 它們不是因為想要幫助我們而存在。 它們沒有大腦。 然而,它們是適應性的。 它們努力尋找並創造有利於它們繁殖的環境。 所以,它們不在乎你我,但它們非常樂意利用你我來繁殖自己。 生活在我們體內的微生物群隨著消化道的長度而變化。 我們是一個長長的消化管道,管道內有一層粘膜。 而那層粘膜的條件影響著許多不同的事物。 它設定了我們的消化速度和消化質量。 例如,它設定了我們的免疫系統。 我們一直在攝取東西。 我們談論的是空氣、細菌、病毒,它們進入我們的腸道。 而這些細菌中有些生活在腸道裡,還有一些細菌改變腸道、胃和腸的粘膜,使其更酸或更鹼,以便它們能夠更多地繁殖。 現在,它們促進的一些粘膜讓我們感覺更好。 它們讓我們感到更加警覺。 它們增強了我們的免疫系統,而另一些則讓我們感到更糟。 所以第一條規則是,微生物組並不是好或壞。 體內的一些小蟲對我們做壞事。 它們讓我們感覺更糟。 它們降低我們的免疫力。 它們以消極的方式影響我們。 有些則讓我們感覺更好。 它們主要是通過改變我們腸道環境的條件來實現這一點。 除此之外,它們還影響腸道內的神經遞質和神經元,並將信號發送至大腦,影響我們之前談到的多巴胺和血清素等事物。 因此,現在有一個龐大的世界致力於試圖理解哪些食物來源以及什麼樣的食物對腸道微生物群是好或不好的。 有一些事情我認為你可能會感到驚訝。 首先,支持健康的腸道微生物群對情緒有利,對消化和免疫系統功能也有益。 然而,這並不意味著要最大限度地攝取或服用你能夠管理的最多的益生菌和益生元。 正如我之前多次提到的,我確實相信益生菌。我也服用益生菌,但有研究表明,如果你攝取大量某些益生菌,如乳酸菌,並且真的增加其水平,情況並不是越多越好。 這樣會產生如腦霧等問題。 腦霧就是一種無法集中注意力的狀態。 人們總體上感覺不太好。 有些研究可能有些爭議,但我認為公平地說,如果人們真正將攝取的益生菌量提高到某個程度以上,則他們會開始感到頭腦模糊。 吃發酵食物是支持腸道微生物群健康水平的最佳方法之一,而又不會超過會導致腦霧等問題的閾值。 這樣以至於一些人報告說,當他們開始吃一些小量的食物時,因為不需要大量的發酵食物,他們的整體情緒改善。 這與EPA的效果類似,儘管我認為目前尚未直接探討其在臨床抑鬱症中的效果。 有些事情可以真正損害你的腸道微生物群。 這裡有一個我想澄清的重大誤解。 有研究顯示,人造甜味劑,特別是一種名為糖精的人造甜味劑,可以以對多種健康標記有害的方式擾亂腸道微生物群,增加炎性細胞因子以及腸道微生物群失衡時發生的所有其他不良影響。 糖精並不是最常用的人造甜味劑。 我所知道的最常見的人造甜味劑是阿斯巴甜(NutriSweet)、麥芽酚或現在的斯亞糖。 這些人造甜味劑對腸道微生物群的負面影響僅限於糖精。 因此,某些人造甜味劑,特別是糖精,會擾亂微生物群,並使腸道內的環境,即那層粘膜,更加有利於對生物體不利的細菌微生物群。 這是一個重要的區別。 這不僅僅是人們所說的「哦,你知道,它會殺死微生物群」,並不意味着它會殺死微生物群。 這會改變微生物群,而微生物群的變化可能是好的,也可能是壞的。 而這又讓我們進入另一個相對敏感的話題,但我願意談論,因為我認為這值得討論,即如今有很多例子顯示,人們已經從標準飲食甚至素食飲食轉換到生酮飲食。 現在,生酮飲食不一定意味著攝取肉類,但可以。 他們為自己經歷了積極的效果,但生酮飲食很有趣,因為當一個人轉向生酮飲食時,腸道微生物群會發生變化,有些人最終感覺更好。 而有些人則感覺更糟。同樣地,有些人從攝取動物產品(包括肉類)或素食轉向素食,並經歷了情緒和情感上的積極變化。 所以,這一切的要點是,當我說你必須找到適合你的東西時,這並不是一個輕率的聲明。 有些人的微生物群和他們的喉嚨、腸道、鼻腔的粘膜狀況,通過那些主要以肉為主的飲食而得到改善,而這些飲食中不包含許多植物。
    其他人使用以植物為基礎的飲食,少吃肉類或動物製品,效果會更好。這是一種高度個體化的情況,這可能與遺傳組成有關。這也可能和人們的成長環境有關,因為記住,神經系統當然是由你的基因、你的遺傳程式設置的,但你的神經系統是在生命早期根據你的環境進行適應的。這正是它的功能所在。你擁有神經系統的原因是使你的身體適當地朝向對你有好處的事物移動,並遠離對你不好的事物,同時它也是被設計來適應的。但確實,有些人可能比其他人更喜歡某些食物,並且對某些食物的反應更好,這是由於他們的神經系統的接線方式,這被稱為腸道神經系統,它環繞在腸道周圍並與大腦溝通。
    所以我今天所談論的大部分內容都是黑與白的。這些是我們所有人都有的東西,腸道的糖感應神經元、迷走神經的接線方式、Omega-3和Omega-6的比例往往有助於改善情緒,其中較高的Omega-3和Omega-6比例能改善情緒。我們討論了腸道、大腦和身體之間的各種關係,但當談到微生物組時,關鍵在於我們每個人都有微生物組。你想要一個微生物組,但你要促進對你適合的微生物組。這可以通過攝取某些類別的食物來調整和引導,而不攝取另一些。
    顯然,這些發酵食品支持微生物組,我們應該每天至少攝取兩份,這相當於很多,低劑量的補充劑可能會很好。高劑量的補充劑可能會造成腦霧,即使有些人說這種結果有爭議,我自己也經歷過,對我來看數據也相當堅實。所以這也是需要考慮的一個因素。
    關於腸道微生物組的另一個要素是,它是高度具體的,根據你正在做的其他事情。甚至像運動、社交福祉和連結這些東西也會影響腸道微生物組。因此,找到適合你自己的飲食,並在你重要的倫理和生活方式選擇的背景下運作,這是我的建議。
    我想快速休息一下,感謝我們的一位贊助商,Element。Element是一種電解質飲料,它擁有你所需的一切而沒有你不需要的東西。這意味著電解質、鈉、鎂和鉀的正確比例,但沒有糖。你們都應該知道,適當的水合作用對於最佳的腦與身體功能至關重要。事實上,即使是輕微的脫水也會顯著減少你的認知與身體表現。
    重要的是,不僅要保持水分,還要獲得足夠的電解質,且比例正確。喝一包溶解在水中的Element,使你非常容易確保獲得足夠的水分和電解質。為了確保我獲得適當的水分和電解質,我在早上醒來時把一包Element溶解在大約16到32盎司的水中,基本上是早上第一件事就喝下去。我也會在做任何形式的體力運動時,特別是在熱天大量出汗時,再喝一包溶解在水中的Element。
    Element有許多不同口味,味道都很好。我喜歡西瓜味,我喜歡覆盆子味,我喜歡柑橘味,基本上我都喜歡。如果你想試試Element,你可以到drinkelement.com/huberman,以購買任一Element飲品混合包獲得Element樣品包。再一次,网址是drink element,拼寫為L-M-N-T,所以是drinkelement.com/huberman,以索取免費樣品包。
    總結時,我想與你分享一些結果,毫無疑問,它將影響你心理和生理上對食物的反應。我在斯坦福大學有一位同事,Aliyah Krum,做了一些關於心態的驚人實驗,其中兩個對我特別有趣。我現在想分享給你們,因為這些真正強調了我們的信念能如何影響我們的腦與身體之間的協作。我認為最著名的實驗是他們進行的一個實驗,研究者將兩組人員帶到一起。每組都給了他們一杯奶昔,並且在他們飲用奶昔的同時通過靜脈注射測量他們血液中的一些因子,之後也會繼續測量。
    他們所尋找的其中一個因子是一種叫做胃飢餓素的物質,英文稱為Ghrelin。胃飢餓素是一種在饑餓時增加的肽,所以你越久未進食,胃飢餓素的水平就越高。一組人得到的是他們被告知的低卡路里健康奶昔,而另一組則飲用了被告知的非常奢華的高卡路里奶昔。他們發現高卡路里奶昔對於減少胃飢餓素的效果更強。
    有趣的是,你可能已經猜到了,這兩組給的其實是完全一樣的奶昔。這一發現講述了所謂的自上而下的機制或我們生理學的調節。在之前關於疼痛的節目中,我們談到了迷戀和愛情對疼痛反應及痛閾的影響。這又是一個例子,信念或主觀感受如何能在外周的生理學層面上產生影響,因為胃飢餓素是由身體的外周釋放的。這不僅僅是安慰劑效應,這是一組令人難以置信的發現,展示了我們是否相信某種食物會對我們有好處,或是不好的這種信念效應並不是自欺欺人。為了讓這些信念能起作用,你必須對這些信息保持天真。
    你不能單純地對自己撒謊,告訴自己你想相信的事。這一點很重要,但同樣重要的是,心智和身體之間存在著這種迷人的互動。
    今天,我們主要談到了身體,以及我們放進這根從嘴巴延伸到肛門的管道中的東西,基本上是如何影響所有這些細胞、神經元、腸道微生物和黏膜,還有心臟、肺部,這些信息如何向大腦反饋,以影響我們的感受。
    但我們的感覺又是如何影響我們的身體在基本生理層面上的反應,而這並不是可以僅僅通過告訴自己這會有效來解釋的。然而,對於某些物質、某些食物、某些營養素的信念,確實會對它們的影響程度產生深遠的影響,有時甚至還會影響到影響的質量和方向。
    因此,在今天的節目中,我們深入探討了腦-身體關係,並討論了很多機制和可行的項目,如果你想進一步探索你生物學和心理學的這一方面,可以採取這些方法。
    最後,但當然不是最不重要的,我要感謝大家今天花的時間和精力,並一如既往地感謝你們對科學的興趣。
    [音樂]

    In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain how the different nutrients and foods we eat impact our emotions and overall mood.

    I discuss how the mind-body connection shapes our food choices and cravings, highlighting the roles of key neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin in driving eating behaviors. I explain the biological mechanisms behind cravings for specific foods, such as sugar, and how psychological factors like belief effects can influence our perception of hunger. I also describe how certain nutrients, like omega-3 fatty acids, and a healthy gut microbiome are crucial in mood regulation and immune function.

    Huberman Lab Essentials are short episodes (approximately 30 minutes) focused on essential science and protocol takeaways from past Huberman Lab episodes. Essentials will be released every Thursday, and our full-length episodes will still be released every Monday.

    Read the full episode show notes at hubermanlab.com.

    Thank you to our sponsors

    AG1: https://drinkag1.com/huberman

    Function: https://functionhealth.com/huberman

    LMNT: https://drinkag1.com/huberman

    Timestamps

    00:00:00 Huberman Lab Essentials; Emotions, Food & Nutrition

    00:02:30 Attraction & Aversion

    00:03:38 Vagus Nerve, Sugar

    00:06:31 Sponsor: Function

    00:08:19 Gut “Feelings”, Hidden Sugars, Amino Acids

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  • EMERGENCY DEBATE: What Trump’s Return Really Means for America & The Real Reason Men Voted for Trump! Is the UK About to Collapse?!

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    AI transcript
    0:00:03 – The world is absolutely crazy right now.
    0:00:05 This is one of the most interesting moments
    0:00:07 of social, cultural, and economic transition
    0:00:09 that I have ever seen.
    0:00:12 So I wanted to do something that I’ve never done before.
    0:00:14 I called upon three of the leading voices
    0:00:17 on social, cultural, business, and economic issues
    0:00:20 to give their unfiltered, uncensored points of view
    0:00:22 so that we can all make sense of all of this craziness
    0:00:24 happening before our eyes.
    0:00:26 They don’t always agree on much,
    0:00:27 but today they thrash it out
    0:00:29 to see if they can agree on something.
    0:00:33 We go through the economy, Trump, Elon Musk,
    0:00:34 EEI, censorship, woke-ism,
    0:00:36 and why so many men are struggling.
    0:00:39 Why are tens of thousands of millionaires
    0:00:41 running away from the UK?
    0:00:43 The terrifying truth and opportunity in AI.
    0:00:44 And I ask all of them,
    0:00:47 what is the most important thing in 2025
    0:00:49 that nobody is talking about?
    0:00:51 With the aim of reaching clarity, agreement,
    0:00:54 and having a laugh in the process.
    0:00:56 This is the episode you probably didn’t know you needed.
    0:01:00 (futuristic music)
    0:01:02 I find it incredibly fascinating
    0:01:04 that when we look at the back end of Spotify
    0:01:05 and Apple and our audio channels,
    0:01:08 the majority of people that watch this podcast
    0:01:11 haven’t yet hit the follow button or the subscribe button
    0:01:12 wherever you’re listening to this.
    0:01:13 I would like to make a deal with you.
    0:01:15 If you could do me a huge favor
    0:01:16 and hit that subscribe button,
    0:01:18 I will work tirelessly from now until forever
    0:01:21 to make the show better and better and better and better.
    0:01:23 I can’t tell you how much it helps
    0:01:24 when you hit that subscribe button.
    0:01:25 The show gets bigger,
    0:01:26 which means we can expand the production,
    0:01:28 bring in all the guests you want to see,
    0:01:30 and continue to do in this thing we love.
    0:01:31 If you could do me that small favor
    0:01:32 and hit the follow button,
    0:01:34 wherever you’re listening to this,
    0:01:34 that would mean the world to me.
    0:01:37 That is the only favor I will ever ask you.
    0:01:38 Thank you so much for your time.
    0:01:39 Back to this episode.
    0:01:42 (futuristic music)
    0:01:46 – You guys are three of the best commentators,
    0:01:47 the most articulate people I know
    0:01:51 that will also have the most interesting broad experience
    0:01:53 and also I think political background.
    0:01:54 So I wanted to talk to you
    0:01:56 about everything that’s going on in the world.
    0:01:58 And I wanted to ask you guys some of the dumb questions
    0:02:00 that I ponder alone with myself
    0:02:02 and with my dumb friends and my WhatsApp group.
    0:02:06 It feels to me that the world is at a real moment
    0:02:08 of transition in many regards.
    0:02:09 So like social transition,
    0:02:11 cultural transition, economic transition.
    0:02:14 And I think the US has been a catalyst for all of that.
    0:02:16 So that’s why I wanted to have this conversation today.
    0:02:18 We’ve got an American here,
    0:02:20 I think Scott’s the only American here.
    0:02:21 We’ve got Constantine,
    0:02:23 we’ve got Daniel, who are two Brits,
    0:02:26 but spend a lot of time between America as well.
    0:02:28 And so I want to come to Scott first
    0:02:29 and ask Scott a question,
    0:02:31 which is a very big broad question,
    0:02:33 which is from your perspective, Scott,
    0:02:36 you know, when I talk about this feeling of transition,
    0:02:38 that seems to be like almost inside my chest
    0:02:40 that we’re at a really historic moment.
    0:02:41 What is your analysis on this?
    0:02:43 What is the big picture here?
    0:02:46 What’s happened over the last three, four, five, six,
    0:02:47 seven months?
    0:02:51 And how is that going to impact all of us around the world?
    0:02:56 – Well, if you think of the US as setting the tone,
    0:02:59 economically, and maybe even culturally for the West,
    0:03:03 there’s definitely a reversion away from,
    0:03:05 people feel that, quote unquote, wokeism,
    0:03:07 and I don’t like to use that word, but I’ll use it here,
    0:03:11 was this sort of overcorrection to systemic racism,
    0:03:14 and then it began to cause more damage
    0:03:15 than it was,
    0:03:19 or caused more problems than it was solving.
    0:03:21 And I think there’s been a serious kind of lurch back,
    0:03:25 if you will, whether it’s executive actions,
    0:03:27 declaring the border, a state of emergency,
    0:03:31 stuff around, saying that gender is a thing,
    0:03:34 there’s male and female.
    0:03:36 And most of these issues,
    0:03:38 the actually American public supports,
    0:03:40 I would say on a more cynical level,
    0:03:43 America used to be a platform for prosperity,
    0:03:45 the protection of civil rights,
    0:03:49 the projection of women’s rights
    0:03:51 and power and democracy abroad.
    0:03:54 And I would argue that it feels like a pretty quick transition
    0:03:56 to almost like a,
    0:03:58 I call it a kleptocracy,
    0:04:00 but America’s become a platform
    0:04:05 for acquiring wealth and then leveraging that wealth
    0:04:07 as a means or a proxy of power.
    0:04:08 And the ultimate example of that
    0:04:10 was the launch of two meme coins,
    0:04:12 the Trump coin and the Melania coin,
    0:04:14 the day before the presidency,
    0:04:17 such that this conversation could have already
    0:04:20 or might happen this week and I’ll finish here.
    0:04:22 President Trump, it’s Vlad,
    0:04:25 we’re thinking about stabilizing our currency
    0:04:29 or trying to send the outflows of our reserves.
    0:04:31 So we’re thinking about pulsing in about
    0:04:34 600 billion rubles into the Trump coin,
    0:04:36 which based on my economist estimation,
    0:04:40 would take the value of it to a $20 or $30 billion market cap,
    0:04:43 making you one of the wealthiest men in the world,
    0:04:45 Mr. Trump, and none of this would be disclosable
    0:04:46 or transparent.
    0:04:48 Also in unrelated news,
    0:04:52 we’d really appreciate you seizing arm shipments to Ukraine.
    0:04:55 – So I think we’ve gone kind of full kleptocracy
    0:04:58 is the way I would describe it.
    0:04:59 – Are you optimistic, Scott?
    0:05:02 – Well, I’m a glass half empty kind of guy.
    0:05:05 I don’t, I don’t know if I’m just getting older,
    0:05:09 but no, I don’t see a man convicted of sexual abuse
    0:05:12 or found liable who inspired an insurrection,
    0:05:15 retaking the White House as a point of light
    0:05:17 for the American experience.
    0:05:21 – Constantine, I suspect you’d have a slightly different view
    0:05:23 on all of the above.
    0:05:25 How are you feeling about everything that happened yesterday?
    0:05:27 Did you watch the inauguration?
    0:05:30 What is your big picture, 30,000 feet view?
    0:05:33 – I think it’s incredibly unwise to make bold predictions
    0:05:36 about what’s gonna happen over the next six to seven months.
    0:05:41 I do think what America had at the election
    0:05:43 and what the election of Donald Trump represents
    0:05:46 is something that we in the UK don’t have, which is choice.
    0:05:47 They had a very clear choice
    0:05:50 between two very different perspectives on the world,
    0:05:52 between two very different approaches,
    0:05:54 between two very different candidates.
    0:05:59 And ultimately, criticisms of President Trump
    0:06:02 are necessary and legitimate, of course they are.
    0:06:03 But at the end of the day,
    0:06:06 I believe having spent quite a lot of time in America
    0:06:08 around election time and also just generally
    0:06:10 and traveling around real America,
    0:06:13 not just in DC and LA and New York,
    0:06:16 that the reason that he was elected
    0:06:20 was that the American people are not prepared
    0:06:22 to accept what Europeans have decided
    0:06:25 they’re prepared to accept, which has managed decline.
    0:06:28 The American people do not want their country to become weaker.
    0:06:30 They do not want it to become poorer.
    0:06:33 They do not want to impoverish
    0:06:35 their fellow citizens through net zero.
    0:06:37 What they want is their country to be great,
    0:06:39 their country to be powerful,
    0:06:41 their country to be influential.
    0:06:44 The economic realities for most Americans
    0:06:47 are not really reflected in the figures that we are told.
    0:06:50 So when people talk about inflation,
    0:06:52 the reality of people’s lives on the ground
    0:06:54 is that the cost of living has gone up
    0:06:58 very, very significantly over the last few years.
    0:07:01 And that’s not always reflected directly
    0:07:04 in the overall inflation figure that we’re shown,
    0:07:06 because certain things are much more influential
    0:07:08 in people’s lives than others.
    0:07:12 And so whether the decision to elect President Trump
    0:07:17 ends up being this positive thing
    0:07:19 for which there should be lots of optimism
    0:07:22 is a matter of the next four years.
    0:07:25 Are we going to see a presidency
    0:07:26 that really does everything it promises?
    0:07:28 And by the way, if you look at the things
    0:07:31 that Donald Trump is promising,
    0:07:33 I think whether you’re left or right,
    0:07:35 you have to acknowledge that they are things
    0:07:37 that are worth doing.
    0:07:38 Having a secure border
    0:07:41 so that people don’t come into your country legally
    0:07:43 is a basic duty of government.
    0:07:47 Economic prosperity is a basic duty of government.
    0:07:51 Withdrawing America from a kind of
    0:07:55 simultaneously aggressive but weak posture around the world
    0:07:56 where America sort of says,
    0:07:58 “Yeah, yeah, we’re going to get involved
    0:07:59 “in these foreign conflicts,
    0:08:01 “but we’re not actually going to then practically
    0:08:03 “help Ukraine win that war.”
    0:08:07 Is a kind of stupid position on both whichever side you’re on.
    0:08:09 So on all of these things,
    0:08:12 and of course, Scott mentioned workness.
    0:08:13 I think he’s absolutely right
    0:08:17 that there is a massive backlash happening around the world
    0:08:18 because lots and lots of people
    0:08:21 who were completely apolitical
    0:08:23 until the last three or four years
    0:08:27 or maybe until 2016 just feel like the world has gone crazy
    0:08:29 and suddenly they’re supposed to pretend
    0:08:31 that men can change sex and become women
    0:08:34 and now they’re entitled to be in female prisons.
    0:08:37 And if your teenager says that they are the opposite sex,
    0:08:38 you’re supposed to chop their breasts off.
    0:08:40 And all of this other stuff
    0:08:41 that ordinary people just look at and go,
    0:08:43 “This is crazy.
    0:08:45 “Like, I am liberal, but this isn’t liberal.
    0:08:48 “This is some kind of weird thing that’s going on.”
    0:08:51 And I see the backlash against all of that
    0:08:53 all over the Western world.
    0:08:56 And I think Donald Trump signifies
    0:08:58 that people have fed up of that.
    0:09:02 And I have been warning for a very long time
    0:09:07 that if the woke left continues to exercise
    0:09:10 this level of influence on our public debate,
    0:09:12 the reaction will be the rise of the right.
    0:09:17 And Donald Trump is one of the most diplomatic
    0:09:20 and pleasant versions of what you’re likely to get
    0:09:22 if the left keeps going crazy.
    0:09:27 We will see what challenges the world throws at him
    0:09:28 over the next four years
    0:09:31 and whether he’s capable of responding to them.
    0:09:34 – Scott, has the left lost its way in your view?
    0:09:36 And if so, how did that happen?
    0:09:38 And just to respond on some of Constantine’s points
    0:09:42 about Trump being the best of a sort of right-wing collective,
    0:09:45 are we gonna see right-wing sort of ideologies
    0:09:48 spread throughout the Western world over the coming years?
    0:09:51 What’s your take on all of the above?
    0:09:54 – You definitely, you know, we Democrats,
    0:09:58 we get it right and then we just go too damn far.
    0:10:02 And so I look at, I’m a professor on a campus.
    0:10:05 DEI, 60 years ago, there were 12 Black people
    0:10:07 of Princeton, Yellen, Harvard combined.
    0:10:08 That was a problem.
    0:10:10 Race-based affirmative action makes sense.
    0:10:13 This year, more than half of Harvard’s freshman class
    0:10:14 identifies as non-white.
    0:10:18 But 70% of those non-whites come from dual income homes
    0:10:21 in the upper quintile of income earning homes.
    0:10:23 The academic gap between black and white
    0:10:25 used to be double what it was between rich and poor.
    0:10:26 It’s now flipped.
    0:10:30 So DEI was a good idea that quite frankly has gone insane
    0:10:32 and now just represents the same racism
    0:10:35 it was trying to do away with.
    0:10:39 So, and then we created two candidates
    0:10:43 who were the only candidates who could make each other viable.
    0:10:45 Vice President Harris, given the hands she dealt with,
    0:10:46 did the best she did.
    0:10:48 I think President Biden should be buried
    0:10:51 in a crypt of entitled narcissist who decided
    0:10:54 that it made sense for him to go back on his pledge
    0:10:56 to be a transition candidate
    0:10:59 and gave us a British-style election timing
    0:11:02 on the Democratic side in a marketplace
    0:11:04 where we need time and money.
    0:11:07 So it was not, we did not have a great candidate.
    0:11:11 There is an understandable swing back
    0:11:14 from what is an overcorrection around some of these issues.
    0:11:17 You know, parents, we gave them a huge issue
    0:11:18 with transgender rights.
    0:11:20 There’s a hundred, there’s more peddle players
    0:11:22 in California than transgender people.
    0:11:24 And yet the Democrats decided to conflate it
    0:11:26 with the civil rights movement
    0:11:31 and think that it was okay for a woman who transitioned
    0:11:34 to transgender women to enter a bicycle race
    0:11:36 and finish five minutes before everybody else.
    0:11:37 And then we all bark up the same tree
    0:11:39 and decide that it’s inspiring.
    0:11:41 And parents all over the nation are saying,
    0:11:44 what has, you know, we’ve literally gone crazy.
    0:11:46 Where I would disagree a little bit with Constantine
    0:11:49 is that America choosing economic growth and prosperity.
    0:11:51 There are 190 sovereign nations in the world.
    0:11:54 189 would change places with America
    0:11:56 over the last four years.
    0:11:58 We hit 71 new record highs in the markets.
    0:12:00 97% of all AI,
    0:12:02 we’ve created more market capitalization
    0:12:05 and a seven mile radius of SFO International Airport
    0:12:07 than Europe’s created in the last 20 years.
    0:12:09 We have the lowest inflation in the G7.
    0:12:10 We have the highest growth.
    0:12:12 We’ve grown 10% since 2020.
    0:12:15 That’s triple the rate of Europe.
    0:12:19 Biden was unable to communicate any of that effectively
    0:12:21 because there’s this psychological dynamic
    0:12:23 that when your wages go up,
    0:12:24 you credit your own grit and character.
    0:12:26 And when the price of cereal goes up,
    0:12:28 you blame the president.
    0:12:29 Now, similar to the future,
    0:12:32 or how William Gibson described the future,
    0:12:33 it’s here, it’s just not evenly distributed.
    0:12:37 Prosperity is unprecedented in the US
    0:12:37 over the last four years.
    0:12:40 It just wasn’t evenly distributed.
    0:12:42 Now, having said that,
    0:12:45 in America you can stop working in August
    0:12:46 and you’ve produced more and made more money
    0:12:49 than you have in Europe the whole year.
    0:12:50 And it has gotten better.
    0:12:52 It’s got, it says things are less bad
    0:12:54 than anywhere in the world in the US.
    0:12:56 Biden was unable to communicate it
    0:12:58 and then talking about how great the economy is
    0:12:59 when rents were skyrocketing,
    0:13:01 tuition was going up.
    0:13:02 It was an ineffective strategy,
    0:13:04 but I don’t think it’s fair to say
    0:13:06 Americans chose prosperity.
    0:13:07 We have prosperity.
    0:13:09 I would argue that quite frankly,
    0:13:11 some of the Republican ideals are on deficit spending,
    0:13:12 which are nothing but taxes
    0:13:15 on future generations pulled forward.
    0:13:17 I mean, we’ll see how that works,
    0:13:21 but his signature policies clamp down on immigration,
    0:13:25 tariffs, these things are wildly inflationary.
    0:13:27 So it constantly it’s right, it’s gonna be difficult.
    0:13:29 It’s, you don’t know what’s gonna happen,
    0:13:31 but it feels to me, I would argue
    0:13:34 that my favorite appointment in the Trump administration
    0:13:37 in the adult in the room is the 10 year bond,
    0:13:39 which is gonna say, sorry, girlfriend,
    0:13:41 when I believe the president tries to implement
    0:13:43 some of these economic policies.
    0:13:45 – Constantine, is that true?
    0:13:46 ‘Cause what I heard there is that effectively
    0:13:49 Trump had a better marketing campaign.
    0:13:51 And that reality is somewhat different
    0:13:53 from what the Americans were sold
    0:13:55 in the last election cycle.
    0:13:58 – Well, politics is about marketing
    0:14:00 and Trump is the marketer and chief.
    0:14:02 He’s very good at branding and selling ideas.
    0:14:05 And partly that’s what politics is about.
    0:14:06 But in terms of the economy,
    0:14:08 I think Scott is entirely right.
    0:14:11 It’s one of the reasons I admire America so much,
    0:14:13 the sense of dynamism and economic growth
    0:14:16 and the desire to create things and build things.
    0:14:18 It’s an observation I’ve had every time I’ve been there.
    0:14:22 If you have a successful restaurant in the UK,
    0:14:24 you go, well, I’ve got a successful restaurant.
    0:14:26 In America, if you have a successful restaurant,
    0:14:28 you open a second one and a third one
    0:14:29 and you create a chain, right?
    0:14:32 So their attitude to business more broadly
    0:14:34 is fantastic and I love it.
    0:14:36 But I think the difference is that I don’t think Americans
    0:14:40 were comparing the American economy under Joe Biden
    0:14:41 to the European economies.
    0:14:44 They were comparing the American economy under Joe Biden
    0:14:47 to the American economy under Donald Trump
    0:14:50 in his first term and also what they expect him
    0:14:53 to do for the future, when they look at the fact
    0:14:56 that he’s got real business leaders in government now,
    0:14:59 like Vivek Ramaswamy and Elon Musk
    0:15:01 talking about government efficiency.
    0:15:04 We have to admit that all Western countries
    0:15:06 have a massively bloated civil service,
    0:15:08 what we call civil service in the UK
    0:15:11 and the administrative state in the US
    0:15:13 that wastes a huge amount of money
    0:15:17 that produces very little in terms of output in many cases
    0:15:18 and that needs to be slimmed down
    0:15:20 and people I think are very excited about that.
    0:15:23 And when I talk to business leaders in America,
    0:15:26 including ones that were never on the Trump train,
    0:15:30 so to speak, so many of them went over to his side
    0:15:33 in this election cycle because they just felt
    0:15:38 that he was going to continue to accelerate American growth
    0:15:42 and continue to deliver prosperity for the American people.
    0:15:44 Now, Scott’s point about tariffs
    0:15:46 and all of these other things.
    0:15:50 I’ve listened to Donald Trump enough now
    0:15:52 to know that you not necessarily,
    0:15:55 should not necessarily be taking him literally.
    0:15:57 I think many of the things he says
    0:16:00 are negotiation tactics and signaling.
    0:16:03 So when he says, I’m going to build this
    0:16:04 or do that or do this,
    0:16:07 you have to sort of read between the lines.
    0:16:10 When he says, you know, this’ll be the worst thing
    0:16:12 that you just go, he’s saying to people,
    0:16:13 like you better work with me,
    0:16:15 otherwise this is gonna work out badly for you
    0:16:17 on all of these things.
    0:16:20 And so it remains to be seen whether he’s successful
    0:16:22 in those tactics of getting what he wants.
    0:16:25 Look, America is always going to be an unequal society.
    0:16:29 It’s designed in a way that is going to make it that way.
    0:16:32 In America, the focus is how do we grow the pie?
    0:16:34 In Europe, the focus is how do we divide it up
    0:16:37 so everyone gets their fair little share, right?
    0:16:40 So Americans are about expanding the pie
    0:16:42 and then the people who bake the pie
    0:16:45 get as much of it as they possibly can.
    0:16:48 But the question is, can there be a sense in America
    0:16:50 that the American dream is alive,
    0:16:54 that you do not have to work three gig economy jobs
    0:16:55 to pay your rent,
    0:16:57 that you’re gonna be able to buy a house,
    0:17:00 that you’re gonna be able to afford to have children,
    0:17:03 that you’re going to be able to raise a family,
    0:17:04 perhaps on a single income,
    0:17:07 something that most people only dream about nowadays.
    0:17:11 That’s really what this whole economic conversation is about.
    0:17:13 And we will see over the next four years
    0:17:15 if Donald Trump is able to slightly even change
    0:17:17 the direction of travel towards those things
    0:17:21 that actually Americans of my generation
    0:17:24 and older used to take for granted
    0:17:27 as the promise of the country that they live in.
    0:17:30 – I’ve thought a lot about this over the last couple of weeks
    0:17:32 in particular, because we’re hearing these big headlines
    0:17:33 in national papers in the UK
    0:17:37 that millionaires are leaving the UK in historic numbers.
    0:17:40 I think it’s 10,800 millionaires left last year,
    0:17:44 which is an increase of about 160% versus the previous year.
    0:17:46 And the general sentiment
    0:17:48 in terms of business confidence in the UK
    0:17:51 is that a several year low.
    0:17:55 So I think the lowest it’s been since just post pandemic,
    0:17:57 there’s this, I think it’s the Institute of Accountants,
    0:17:59 they call up a thousand accountants every year
    0:18:02 and they run a survey to see how much confidence
    0:18:04 they have in business in this country.
    0:18:08 And it’s fallen 14 points to 0.2% confidence
    0:18:09 in terms of business.
    0:18:11 But there’s this bigger narrative
    0:18:13 emerging amongst my entrepreneurial friends
    0:18:14 that if you wanna start a business right now,
    0:18:17 the best place to be in the world is to be in America.
    0:18:20 It’s to get over to America and to leave the UK.
    0:18:21 Now, Dan, how does that square,
    0:18:23 I know you have an accelerator,
    0:18:24 you speak to lots of entrepreneurs.
    0:18:27 How does that sort of compare or contrast
    0:18:28 with what you’re seeing at the moment?
    0:18:31 – Yeah, 100%, the value proposition for the UK
    0:18:34 has dropped through the floor, very, very high tax.
    0:18:37 The ecosystem of business is in decline.
    0:18:40 Some of the smartest people are now in Dubai.
    0:18:43 Some incredible creators that I know have moved to Singapore,
    0:18:47 Hong Kong, Dubai, many are going to the USA.
    0:18:51 So if people are interested in bigger markets
    0:18:52 and bigger opportunities, they’re into the USA.
    0:18:54 If they’re interested in lower tax
    0:18:57 and more fringe opportunities, they’re in the Middle East.
    0:19:03 And essentially, the UK hasn’t found a place in the world.
    0:19:04 I think there are three business models
    0:19:09 the UK could go for, which is either the head office of Europe,
    0:19:13 which is what we were when we were inside the EU,
    0:19:18 and everyone used to come here to build a European business.
    0:19:21 We could be the back office of the USA.
    0:19:23 So the incubator for the USA,
    0:19:27 a lot of smart companies get to their first 50 million
    0:19:28 of value here in the UK
    0:19:30 and then sell to a US private equity firm
    0:19:32 or a US listed company.
    0:19:36 And a lot of US companies are now actually coming here
    0:19:39 to poach talent or to outsource things to the UK
    0:19:42 more cheaply than they could do it in the US.
    0:19:46 The wages in the UK are through the floor
    0:19:48 compared to what you would pay in the US,
    0:19:50 especially in tech roles.
    0:19:53 So very smart people in the UK are massively devalued.
    0:19:56 And then the third option would be
    0:19:59 to be an independent tax haven
    0:20:06 and to go with the low crime, low tax model of Dubai, Singapore,
    0:20:07 you know, those kind of options.
    0:20:10 So we haven’t really picked one of those three yet.
    0:20:13 We’re still, you know, all these years after Brexit
    0:20:17 and we haven’t said which of those three models we wanna adopt.
    0:20:21 – Scott, you moved here a couple of years ago to the UK.
    0:20:24 And despite everything that’s going on in the UK,
    0:20:27 are you still bullish on this being a place
    0:20:29 for entrepreneurship and business?
    0:20:30 – I was looking at some stats
    0:20:31 before we started this conversation
    0:20:35 around the sort of key areas of concern for me.
    0:20:36 Business stats I’ve talked about there,
    0:20:38 the drop in business confidence,
    0:20:40 the entrepreneur exodus that we’re seeing,
    0:20:44 but things like knife crime in the UK are up 81%
    0:20:45 over the last decade,
    0:20:47 which I think is a symptom probably of something else.
    0:20:49 And one of the big things I think a lot about
    0:20:52 as an entrepreneur at the moment is artificial intelligence.
    0:20:54 And our investment in artificial intelligence
    0:20:56 from a global perspective is down about 2,000%
    0:20:58 versus a country like America.
    0:21:01 So you’ve moved here, you’ve brought your family here.
    0:21:04 Are you bullish on the UK versus the US
    0:21:06 from an entrepreneur’s perspective?
    0:21:09 – So the question I get most frequently when I speak here
    0:21:11 is to compare and contrast the US with the UK.
    0:21:13 And I use a personal anecdote.
    0:21:17 My parents immigrated to the US from Glasgow and London
    0:21:21 when they were 19 and 22, they took enormous risks.
    0:21:22 I’ve been an entrepreneur my whole life.
    0:21:25 I like to think that’s a lot of my successes and my fault
    0:21:27 that I inherited sort of that risk taking DNA.
    0:21:29 And when I speak to people in the UK,
    0:21:33 I say the primary difference is you’re the ones that stayed.
    0:21:37 And that is it kind of comes down to a risk appetite.
    0:21:39 The US has five times per capita
    0:21:40 the number of entrepreneurs.
    0:21:44 It has five times the dollar volume per startup.
    0:21:46 There’s $5 million in venture capital
    0:21:49 waiting to be deployed for every startup
    0:21:51 in the US versus one million in Europe.
    0:21:54 I love what Constantine said about a restaurant.
    0:21:55 I went into this great little restaurant
    0:21:57 and so a few weeks ago called Dig In.
    0:21:59 And I loved it so much, I said,
    0:22:01 I left my card and said, can you have the owner?
    0:22:05 I’d like to open another one, does he need money?
    0:22:07 I would never, I just would never do that here.
    0:22:10 I thought that was a really interesting insight
    0:22:14 and the collision of risk, crazy ideas
    0:22:16 that occasionally become crazy genius
    0:22:20 and technology and intellectual property
    0:22:22 and great universities results in a company
    0:22:24 that no one had heard of five years ago
    0:22:28 being worth more than the entire UK stock market in Vidya.
    0:22:31 So there’s just an enormous difference.
    0:22:33 The way I would summarize my impression
    0:22:37 of the UK economy, I’ll just say London,
    0:22:39 I have no experience in it.
    0:22:41 I don’t go anywhere that’s not walking distance
    0:22:45 from Marlborough and so my bubble is pretty opaque.
    0:22:47 But the way I would describe the economy here
    0:22:49 is I love the term the Butler economy
    0:22:51 and that is all the money I see being made here
    0:22:55 is people servicing wealth created somewhere else.
    0:22:58 Yeah, you’re either in financial services,
    0:23:01 servicing rich people, you’re either opening a restaurant
    0:23:04 or hospitality servicing rich people,
    0:23:06 but I don’t see a lot of organic wealth creation.
    0:23:09 I interviewed the two quote unquote inventors of AI
    0:23:10 at one of your prestigious universities.
    0:23:12 My first question is how the hell
    0:23:15 were you not able to make any money if you invented AI?
    0:23:17 Why haven’t you been able to capture any money?
    0:23:18 But just for your listeners,
    0:23:22 my summation of Europe versus the US
    0:23:25 after molesting the earth fell last 35 years
    0:23:27 is US is still the best place to make money
    0:23:30 and Europe is still the best place to spend it.
    0:23:33 – Is this a failing nation, Scott?
    0:23:34 – I think you have too much going for you
    0:23:36 to be described as a failing nation.
    0:23:38 You still have amazing universities.
    0:23:40 It’s the second, London’s still the second best city
    0:23:42 in the world.
    0:23:44 Premier League, it’s an unbelievable export.
    0:23:45 I know how ridiculous that sounds.
    0:23:46 People want to be here.
    0:23:48 There’s still rule of law, rule of play.
    0:23:50 You still produce amazing rock and roll.
    0:23:54 I just don’t see how you could say this is a failed.
    0:24:00 I would argue that the second only to our entry into Iraq,
    0:24:02 the greatest self-inflicted wound was Brexit.
    0:24:05 Like just, an American can’t understand
    0:24:08 why you would decide to increase your prices
    0:24:10 while reducing productivity and one fell swoop.
    0:24:14 It’s difficult for us to wrap our heads
    0:24:17 around some of the economic decisions the UK has made.
    0:24:20 But I think a lot of people are kind of betting
    0:24:24 or hoping that the UK begins to grow again.
    0:24:26 So in a weird way, I’m sort of,
    0:24:29 I would call myself cautiously optimistic about the UK.
    0:24:32 I think at some point it registers,
    0:24:35 it begins to occupy the place it should command,
    0:24:37 if you will.
    0:24:40 – Constantine, I would ask the same question to you as well.
    0:24:42 Do you think the UK is a failing nation
    0:24:44 and Scott describes self-inflicted wounds there?
    0:24:46 I’ve heard you speak of self-inflicted wounds
    0:24:48 when you talk more broadly about the West
    0:24:51 and what the West needs to do to turn itself around.
    0:24:53 And also just layering a third point on top of that,
    0:24:55 which is somewhat linked to this,
    0:24:58 is Elon Musk has taken a particular interest in the UK
    0:25:01 over the last month in particular,
    0:25:03 and he’s started to describe it online,
    0:25:06 it seems, as a failing nation.
    0:25:07 What’s your view?
    0:25:09 – Well, I’m glad you asked me about Elon Musk
    0:25:11 because the thing that I love most about the media,
    0:25:13 having this massive meltdown about,
    0:25:16 oh no, these Americans are interfering in our political,
    0:25:19 these are the same media commentators
    0:25:22 who are constantly banging on about American politics
    0:25:24 and saying, Donald Trump needs to do this,
    0:25:25 you need to vote for this.
    0:25:27 Like all of this stuff is ridiculous.
    0:25:31 The reality is we download our culture, our politics,
    0:25:35 our music, almost everything from America, right?
    0:25:37 America has become what Britain used to be,
    0:25:40 which is the center of Western civilization.
    0:25:44 And my request and ask in begging of British people
    0:25:47 is if we’re going to download American culture and politics,
    0:25:49 let’s at least take the good stuff
    0:25:51 instead of all this terrible woke shit
    0:25:53 that we downloaded from them,
    0:25:55 the DEI and all this other nonsense,
    0:25:57 and actually take the entrepreneurial spirit
    0:26:00 and all these other things that are really great
    0:26:03 about America, the optimism, the positivity,
    0:26:05 the willingness to have a go,
    0:26:09 to take a risk as Scott was talking about.
    0:26:11 So I wish we took more of that
    0:26:13 and it speaks to your question about,
    0:26:15 are we a failing nation?
    0:26:19 Look, I think it’s a deliberately inflammatory question,
    0:26:23 which I don’t want to kind of actually accept in that way.
    0:26:26 But what I think we should acknowledge is,
    0:26:29 are we trending up or are we trending down?
    0:26:33 And when you talk about over 10,000 millionaires of left,
    0:26:38 I hear that through a normal British person’s ear.
    0:26:41 And I worry that there’s quite a lot of British people
    0:26:43 who will hear that and say,
    0:26:47 “Oh, good, all of these rich parasites have left.”
    0:26:50 Because that’s our attitude in the UK to a very large extent.
    0:26:53 We see wealthy people, not as what they are,
    0:26:55 which is for the most part, not everybody,
    0:26:56 but for the most part,
    0:26:59 people who’ve created a tremendous amount of value
    0:27:01 for their fellow human beings.
    0:27:03 And as a result of that, have been rewarded.
    0:27:07 We see them because we have this history
    0:27:08 of the landed gentry.
    0:27:11 And so to us, a millionaire is someone
    0:27:15 who has these ill-gotten gains that they don’t deserve, right?
    0:27:17 That is not really the world we live in.
    0:27:19 When I talk to wealthy people in this country
    0:27:21 and pretty much everywhere else,
    0:27:24 for the most part, especially in the Western world,
    0:27:26 these are people who’ve created something
    0:27:29 that has fundamentally helped other human beings
    0:27:32 do something better, do something easier,
    0:27:34 buy products cheaper, whatever it is.
    0:27:37 That’s who the successful people really are.
    0:27:39 And we just need an attitude shift.
    0:27:41 That’s what we should be downloading from America.
    0:27:43 What we should be saying inside our heads
    0:27:45 is this person is successful
    0:27:48 because they’ve helped other people great.
    0:27:51 We want, how do we get more of those people into our country?
    0:27:53 And I’m afraid I’m telling you something
    0:27:55 that you know better than anyone, Stephen.
    0:27:57 If you don’t have entrepreneurs in your country
    0:28:00 creating businesses and creating jobs,
    0:28:03 the economy is going to stagnate for the rest of eternity.
    0:28:06 We have to get smart, talented, driven people
    0:28:09 into our country instead of chasing them out.
    0:28:10 – Dan, I know this is a subject
    0:28:11 that you’re very passionate about
    0:28:14 and Constantine’s articulated it really, really well.
    0:28:16 I’ve seen lots of your posts about this subject, Dan.
    0:28:17 What are you saying?
    0:28:20 Is it true that the British attitude
    0:28:21 is a form of self-harm
    0:28:24 that’s holding us back from our potential?
    0:28:27 – There are definitely attitudinal factors,
    0:28:28 but you’ll also get the most incredibly
    0:28:30 entrepreneurial people here in London.
    0:28:33 London is a melting pot for creativity.
    0:28:35 You’ve got, sitting in one city,
    0:28:37 you’ve got people who are phenomenal at media,
    0:28:42 finance, technology, entertainment, politics, defense.
    0:28:46 Like all of this, like if you take the best of LA
    0:28:49 and Washington and New York and Miami
    0:28:51 and kind of start moving it into one city,
    0:28:54 you know, you get elements of that in London.
    0:28:56 It’s a very diverse city from that point of view
    0:28:59 and it creates an entrepreneurial melting pot.
    0:29:00 The issue is taxes.
    0:29:05 Nobody wants to pay 60% of their income in taxes.
    0:29:08 And as soon as you hit, you know, in the US,
    0:29:10 you don’t hit the top tax rate
    0:29:12 until you are six times the average wage.
    0:29:14 Here in the UK, it’s two and a half times.
    0:29:17 So as soon as you’re two and a half times the average wage,
    0:29:19 you are, you’re in real trouble.
    0:29:21 There are so many people in the UK
    0:29:25 who deliberately hold their income at 50,000 pounds
    0:29:27 because after 50,000 pounds,
    0:29:29 you get taxed 40% of your income.
    0:29:31 So people just give up and they say, I’m not going,
    0:29:34 I know some really smart, really talented people
    0:29:36 who could be earning a lot more
    0:29:39 and they refuse to pay the 40% rate.
    0:29:40 So they like keep everything small
    0:29:43 because they don’t wanna go from 20 to 40%
    0:29:45 at the 50 grand rate, which is crazy.
    0:29:47 And I’ve employed people who have said,
    0:29:48 can I have a day off a week
    0:29:51 rather than going over that threshold?
    0:29:55 So, you know, that’s a huge issue, the tax issue.
    0:29:57 The company rate tax is high.
    0:30:00 The corporate capital gains rate is tax very high.
    0:30:02 The VAT is high.
    0:30:04 The council tax is high.
    0:30:07 All of these additional taxes just keep piling up.
    0:30:09 And then the other cost at the moment,
    0:30:12 if we wanna have an AI economy, we need cheap electricity.
    0:30:14 One thing that Trump has committed to
    0:30:16 is really, really cheap energy.
    0:30:21 There is no such thing as a fast growth high,
    0:30:24 you know, high octane economy that has expensive energy.
    0:30:26 Cheap energy equals fast growth.
    0:30:29 And we have the most expensive energy in the world.
    0:30:31 We can’t run data centers here
    0:30:34 because the energy cost is gonna be too high.
    0:30:37 So if we wanna have an AI driven economy, you know,
    0:30:39 we can’t do it with windmills and solar panels
    0:30:41 that have got frost all over them.
    0:30:45 – Scott, you look like a lot of thoughts
    0:30:46 are going through your head following those two comments.
    0:30:48 What are you thinking?
    0:30:50 – Well, with respect to energy,
    0:30:52 Trump is shooting executive order,
    0:30:54 calling it an energy crisis.
    0:30:56 Gasoline in the U.S. on an inflation-adjusted basis
    0:30:58 is less expensive than it was 50 years ago.
    0:31:01 We are now the largest oil producer in the world.
    0:31:05 I would argue that we have a housing crisis
    0:31:08 and that the executive order should have been around that.
    0:31:09 Just going back to the U.S.
    0:31:11 and I’m curious at the same dynamics
    0:31:14 and whether Konstantin and Daniel agree with us.
    0:31:16 I believe this, the election in the U.S.
    0:31:18 was supposed to be a referendum on women’s rights.
    0:31:20 Women’s rights did not show up.
    0:31:23 This was a referendum on young men in my view.
    0:31:25 And that is if you look at the two cohorts
    0:31:29 that swung most from blue to red versus 2020,
    0:31:32 two of the three cohorts other than Latinos
    0:31:34 was people under the age of 30
    0:31:36 who in the U.S. are 24% less wealthy
    0:31:37 than they were 40 years ago.
    0:31:40 People over the age of 70 or 72% wealthier.
    0:31:42 Our tax code is basically an attempt
    0:31:45 to shove money from the young to the old.
    0:31:48 And two, 45 to 64-year-old women
    0:31:51 who I would affectionately describe as their mother.
    0:31:52 And that is when your son’s in the basement
    0:31:54 vaping and playing video games.
    0:31:56 And I think a lot about struggling young men.
    0:31:59 You don’t give a flying fuck about territorial sovereignty
    0:32:02 in the Ukraine or Ukraine, excuse me, or transgender rights.
    0:32:04 All you know is your kid isn’t doing well.
    0:32:07 And 210 times a day, your kid’s getting a notification
    0:32:10 that somebody he knows is on a golf stream
    0:32:12 or partying in St. Bart’s and it’s not him or her.
    0:32:16 And so we not only have young people not doing as well,
    0:32:21 this pornographic wealth is just shoved in their face.
    0:32:24 And you end up with, in my opinion,
    0:32:26 kind of a young, struggling young men.
    0:32:28 No group has fallen further faster in the world,
    0:32:31 I would argue, than young men in America.
    0:32:34 They are, if you go into a morgue in the United States
    0:32:36 and there’s five people who’ve died by suicide,
    0:32:37 four of them are men.
    0:32:40 One in three men under the age of 30 has a girlfriend.
    0:32:42 Two in three women under the age of 30 has a boyfriend.
    0:32:43 Why?
    0:32:44 You think that’s mathematically impossible
    0:32:45 ’cause women are dating older
    0:32:47 ’cause they want more economically
    0:32:49 and emotionally viable men.
    0:32:52 There’s one in five men live at home at the age of 30.
    0:32:54 One in three under the age of 25.
    0:32:56 They’re not having sex.
    0:32:58 They’re more obese, they’re more depressed.
    0:33:00 When women don’t have a relationship,
    0:33:02 they oftentimes channel that energy
    0:33:04 into their professional lives.
    0:33:06 More women own, single women own homes in the US
    0:33:09 and single men, women in urban areas under the age of 30
    0:33:10 are making more money than men.
    0:33:13 When men don’t have the guardrails of a relationship
    0:33:15 or a job or being in school,
    0:33:18 they pour that energy sometimes into unproductive things,
    0:33:22 misogyny, nationalism or extreme nationalism,
    0:33:23 conspiracy theory.
    0:33:26 In some, they become really shitty citizens.
    0:33:28 They become sequestered from society.
    0:33:30 So I’m worried in the US, our biggest threat
    0:33:33 is a new species of asexual,
    0:33:37 asocial young men who are incredibly dangerous have lost,
    0:33:39 have opted out of America.
    0:33:41 60% of 30-year-olds who have one child in America,
    0:33:44 and that’s 27%.
    0:33:46 So people, I think in the US,
    0:33:48 and I am just a genuine question,
    0:33:50 I don’t know if it’s the same problem here,
    0:33:53 our tax policies have taken money from the young,
    0:33:55 stuffed them in the pockets of old people,
    0:33:57 so Nana and Pop-Up can upgrade from Carnival
    0:33:59 to Crystal Cruises.
    0:34:01 Meanwhile, young people can’t afford education,
    0:34:03 they can’t afford housing.
    0:34:08 And we especially see this really acute emerging crisis
    0:34:11 among young men who are just opting out of America,
    0:34:13 who don’t even wanna try and date,
    0:34:15 don’t even wanna enroll in school,
    0:34:17 don’t wanna even try and get a job,
    0:34:20 just stick in their basements and go on Reddit or Discord,
    0:34:23 or why go try and shower, work out,
    0:34:25 and get a relationship when you have U-Porn?
    0:34:29 Why get a job when you can trade stocks or crypto
    0:34:31 on Coinbase or Robinhood?
    0:34:32 I think this is, in my opinion,
    0:34:35 this is the most dangerous trend in America right now.
    0:34:37 – It was almost like demonizing men for decades
    0:34:39 has consequences.
    0:34:42 I mean, this is what’s been happening.
    0:34:45 Men are the root of all evil, the root of all evil,
    0:34:47 the root of all evil, every advert is about,
    0:34:49 you know, the woman is strong and capable,
    0:34:51 the guy’s pathetic, in every movie,
    0:34:54 the woman’s kicking ass and the man is pathetic.
    0:34:56 This has been going on for decades.
    0:34:59 It’s a cultural thing as well as an economic thing.
    0:35:01 And many of us have been saying
    0:35:05 that when you take meaning and opportunity away from men,
    0:35:07 if you create an education system
    0:35:10 that punishes boys for being boys,
    0:35:12 if you create a society
    0:35:16 in which traditional masculine virtues become vices,
    0:35:19 then you will create exactly the sort of thing
    0:35:20 that Scott is talking about.
    0:35:22 It’s a terrible thing that’s been done.
    0:35:25 Having said that, my message is always the same
    0:35:27 to young men who I hope are listening,
    0:35:29 which is the answer to your problems
    0:35:32 is never going to be, as Scott says, porn and this and that.
    0:35:35 The answer to your problems is going to take responsibility,
    0:35:38 go out and get a job or create a business
    0:35:40 and actually make your life better.
    0:35:43 No one’s coming to save you, no one’s coming to help you.
    0:35:47 There is no, there’s the sort of programs
    0:35:49 that we have for women where we sort of go,
    0:35:51 well, you know, let’s give them an opportunity here.
    0:35:53 None of that’s happening for men.
    0:35:56 It’s not going to happen because for evolutionary reasons,
    0:35:57 we just don’t feel sorry for men
    0:35:59 the way that we do for women.
    0:36:00 That’s the reality.
    0:36:02 I know it sucks, but the answer for men
    0:36:05 is going to be the answer that’s always been the answer
    0:36:08 for men, which is for you to get off the sofa,
    0:36:11 to get off the couch and go out and actually do and create
    0:36:14 and build and find your own way through it,
    0:36:17 even if you have to acknowledge that the society you live in
    0:36:19 has been conditioned for quite a long time
    0:36:20 to think that you’re a piece of shit
    0:36:23 ’cause you happen to have the genitalia that you do.
    0:36:28 Now, that I think is the harsh reality of it.
    0:36:30 And I think Scott is right to point this out as a problem.
    0:36:33 And I hope that we start to have both
    0:36:34 in terms of economic policy,
    0:36:36 but in terms of also just the cultural conversations
    0:36:38 and the way we talk about these issues,
    0:36:41 we come back to something that human beings have known
    0:36:43 through the entire history of our species,
    0:36:46 which is men and women are both good
    0:36:49 and need to work together in order to thrive
    0:36:51 and succeed together in order to have families,
    0:36:52 in order to have children,
    0:36:54 and in order for us to have healthy communities
    0:36:56 and healthy societies.
    0:36:59 You need healthy femininity and you need healthy masculinity
    0:37:02 and they need to come together and work together.
    0:37:05 That’s what we’re supposed to do.
    0:37:09 And these stupid gender wars and this idea
    0:37:13 that men as a group are this and women as a group are that,
    0:37:15 all of that just needs to end.
    0:37:17 – I was watching last night as Trump sat there
    0:37:19 signing all of those executive orders.
    0:37:20 And I also watched his inauguration speak
    0:37:22 where he said, “We will forge a society
    0:37:26 that is colorblind and merit-based.”
    0:37:28 And he signed a bunch of executive orders last night
    0:37:31 to eliminate a variety of different DEI programs
    0:37:31 in the federal government,
    0:37:34 directing agencies to dismantle these practices
    0:37:36 within 60 days.
    0:37:37 And then over the last couple of months,
    0:37:40 we’ve seen Metta come out and dismantle and reverse
    0:37:41 some of their DEI programs.
    0:37:44 We’ve seen McDonald’s, Walmart, Ford, Harley-Davidson,
    0:37:46 Boeing, Amazon, Toyota.
    0:37:50 It feels like there’s a real shift happening
    0:37:54 in both, you know, sort of identity politics,
    0:37:56 but also in the sort of corporate environment
    0:37:59 that those identity politics have really emerged from.
    0:38:03 Are you supportive of Trump’s move to roll back DEI measures?
    0:38:07 – So I think there’s a lot of nuance here.
    0:38:10 I would argue in universities we’ve,
    0:38:15 DEI uses a giant misdirect from people such as myself
    0:38:16 who are enforcers of the caste system
    0:38:18 and wake up every morning and look in the mirror
    0:38:19 and ask ourselves the same question.
    0:38:21 How do I increase my compensation
    0:38:23 while decreasing my accountability?
    0:38:23 (laughing)
    0:38:26 And what I found is the ultimate strategy
    0:38:29 is to create an LVMA rejection as bullshit,
    0:38:31 elitist strategy, where Dartmouth sits on
    0:38:36 an endowment of $8 billion and lets in 500 kids.
    0:38:39 So the conversation around who gets in
    0:38:41 is a misdirect from the important question
    0:38:42 that is how many.
    0:38:44 If you are not growing your endowment
    0:38:46 or your freshman class faster than population,
    0:38:48 you should lose your tax-free status.
    0:38:50 We should be letting in more gay kids, more trans kids,
    0:38:53 more white Republicans from rural states.
    0:38:54 You know who doesn’t talk about DEI?
    0:38:57 Junior colleges, ’cause there’s no admissions.
    0:38:59 They don’t have a problem with DEI.
    0:39:02 So I think DEI on campus has ended up eating its own tail,
    0:39:05 started out with the right idea, now it’s nothing.
    0:39:07 And I would argue the same as somewhat true
    0:39:08 the Democratic Party.
    0:39:11 I went to the Democratic National Convention.
    0:39:15 On the dnc.org website, it lists 17 special interscripts
    0:39:18 and it says explicitly who we serve.
    0:39:22 Asian Pacific Islanders, seniors, veterans,
    0:39:24 black Americans, the disabled.
    0:39:26 It basically lists, I added this up,
    0:39:28 76% of the population.
    0:39:31 And when you say you’re actively advocating
    0:39:33 for 76% of the population,
    0:39:36 you’re not advocating for 76% of the population,
    0:39:38 you’re discriminating against the 24%.
    0:39:39 It’s gone too far.
    0:39:41 I would argue in the workplace,
    0:39:44 having served on seven public company boards
    0:39:47 and I’m gonna do a lot of boasting here
    0:39:49 ’cause I’m desperate for all of your affirmation
    0:39:51 and 12 private company boards.
    0:39:54 There’s still work to be done in the private sector.
    0:39:59 There still is a cycle, 40% of all venture capitalists
    0:40:02 and probably 70 or 80% of all venture capital deployed
    0:40:04 are white guys from just two universities,
    0:40:06 Stanford and Harvard.
    0:40:08 So I would argue universities, it’s gotten out of control.
    0:40:11 I’d love to see the DEI apparatus disassembled
    0:40:12 along with the ethics department,
    0:40:15 the sustainability department, the leadership department.
    0:40:16 These are all bullshit where we hire
    0:40:18 formerly important people with no standards.
    0:40:19 They never get fired.
    0:40:22 It just translates to more student debt.
    0:40:25 In the boardroom, in corporations and certain sectors,
    0:40:29 I do think there is a need to be thoughtful
    0:40:31 about broadening the aperture of the lens
    0:40:34 and bringing in people who are underrepresented.
    0:40:38 There’s still a dearth of women raising venture capitalists.
    0:40:41 So I think it’s nuanced based on sector,
    0:40:45 but to just say all DEI is bad,
    0:40:47 I wanna move to where the University of California
    0:40:48 did in 1997.
    0:40:50 They don’t have race-based affirmative action.
    0:40:53 They have adversity-based affirmative action.
    0:40:55 I’m a beneficiary of affirmative action.
    0:40:57 I had something called Pell Grants.
    0:40:59 I was raised by a single immigrant mother
    0:41:01 who lived and died a secretary, so I got grants.
    0:41:06 I had unfair advantage because I came from a household
    0:41:07 that was low income.
    0:41:10 And I think that there should be affirmative action
    0:41:12 and I should think it should be based on color,
    0:41:13 but that color is green.
    0:41:17 The poor need our help.
    0:41:19 The moment you start advocating
    0:41:23 for special advantage based on any external factors,
    0:41:25 I think at this point in our society,
    0:41:28 it probably causes more problems than it solves.
    0:41:30 – That’s exactly right.
    0:41:31 That’s exactly right, Stephen.
    0:41:34 And I think if we take a step back and look at why DEIs
    0:41:36 become such a big part of the conversation,
    0:41:39 it’s precisely because instead of addressing
    0:41:41 the reality of people’s lives,
    0:41:43 which is some people are disadvantaged
    0:41:45 and some people are advantaged,
    0:41:46 actually what we’ve mainly done,
    0:41:49 and the Scott alluded to at the very beginning
    0:41:53 of our discussion is we’ve given a leg up
    0:41:57 to very wealthy ethnic minority people
    0:42:00 from successful families and they now,
    0:42:04 their children now get into prestigious universities,
    0:42:08 which they probably would have done anyway,
    0:42:11 some of them because they come from very advanced backgrounds
    0:42:13 and the kids that are growing up in poverty,
    0:42:15 black and white, have no shot whatsoever.
    0:42:18 But the reason that it’s become such a big issue
    0:42:20 around the Western world,
    0:42:22 actually I don’t think it’s the nuances
    0:42:24 that we’ve delved into here, but actually something else,
    0:42:29 which is we have created the most ethnically diverse
    0:42:30 societies in history.
    0:42:34 And what I mean by that is not that we’ve created societies
    0:42:36 in which there are large groups of people
    0:42:38 who are different from each other,
    0:42:40 but for the first time, probably in human history,
    0:42:43 we’ve created societies in which there is
    0:42:45 a lot of ethnic diversity,
    0:42:47 and there is no overt discrimination
    0:42:51 against some groups of people in the sense of,
    0:42:53 the imperial societies in the past
    0:42:55 would have had one dominant ethnic group,
    0:42:58 which is the Russians in the Soviet Union,
    0:43:01 or the Turks in the Ottoman Empire,
    0:43:04 or the Brits in the British Empire, whatever.
    0:43:06 That was the ethnic group that was like the dominant one.
    0:43:09 And everybody else was a kind of second class citizen
    0:43:11 and everybody knew it, right?
    0:43:12 We don’t have that anymore.
    0:43:14 We have highly diverse societies
    0:43:17 where people of every single background exist
    0:43:19 in which we have this idea
    0:43:22 that we’re all supposed to be equal.
    0:43:27 And when we have programs that explicitly
    0:43:29 discriminate against people,
    0:43:31 there were times when the discrimination
    0:43:33 was explicit against black people.
    0:43:35 Well, we’ve gone full circle now
    0:43:38 where the discrimination was going the other way
    0:43:40 in university admissions, in hiring,
    0:43:43 in corporate America, in government,
    0:43:44 in all sorts of things.
    0:43:47 In this country, the BBC has internships
    0:43:50 that aren’t available to white people, et cetera.
    0:43:53 When you get to that point, as Scott said earlier on,
    0:43:55 everyone just goes, “Look, I know I’m not supposed to say this,
    0:43:58 “but the reality is this is racism.
    0:43:59 “This is a form of racism,
    0:44:02 “and I thought we were trying to get away from the racism.”
    0:44:06 So to the extent that the elimination of DEI
    0:44:10 is about creating a merit-based society
    0:44:12 in which people are given an opportunity
    0:44:14 because they’re skilled and talented
    0:44:17 and they have the potential to actually achieve things
    0:44:20 and create wealth, you know, we all know this.
    0:44:22 We all employ people, right?
    0:44:24 How many of us are thinking about the races
    0:44:25 of the people we hire?
    0:44:27 I don’t think we think about that at all.
    0:44:30 What we’re thinking about is, “I run a business.
    0:44:34 “I need the very best person for this job
    0:44:35 “at the price I’m willing to pay.”
    0:44:39 I don’t care if they are purple, green, blue, white, whatever.
    0:44:41 It doesn’t matter.
    0:44:44 What matters is, are we getting the best person for the job?
    0:44:49 And my concern about identity politics has always been
    0:44:53 that if we do not adopt that worldview,
    0:44:55 then what we will do is create a worldview
    0:44:59 in which we have different racial groups competing with each other
    0:45:01 on the basis of race.
    0:45:03 And that is a very, very dangerous mix
    0:45:05 for a multi-ethnic society like ours,
    0:45:08 which is why I’ve been begging people
    0:45:12 to let go of this stupid idea of identity politics
    0:45:15 and to say, first and foremost, we are all Brits,
    0:45:17 or we are all Americans.
    0:45:21 We have this umbrella identity under which we all operate,
    0:45:26 and our personal ethnicity or sex or whatever is secondary to that,
    0:45:28 and actually for the purposes of employment,
    0:45:31 for the purposes of college admission, et cetera,
    0:45:32 is irrelevant.
    0:45:34 Yes, if there is disadvantage,
    0:45:37 if we grew up in a single parent home with a low income,
    0:45:39 we may need some extra support there.
    0:45:44 If we had terrible schooling or education was not good,
    0:45:45 we may need extra support.
    0:45:48 If there are certain things that make it easier for us
    0:45:50 because of the disadvantages we’ve had
    0:45:55 to fulfill our talent and potential, I’m all for that.
    0:45:57 But what we’ve created so far,
    0:45:59 and that’s why I’m delighted it’s being eliminated,
    0:46:02 is an anti-meritocratic system which says,
    0:46:04 “We don’t care what you bring to the workplace.
    0:46:06 “We don’t care whether you deserve this place,
    0:46:09 “or we don’t care about the potential you have.
    0:46:13 “Actually, we just needed an insert category tick box
    0:46:14 “to fill this slot.”
    0:46:17 And you fill there, it doesn’t really matter
    0:46:18 that you’re not doing your job very well,
    0:46:22 because now we can say, “We’re a diverse company.
    0:46:23 “I don’t care about that,
    0:46:25 “and we shouldn’t care about that as a society.”
    0:46:27 And thank God that’s now gone.
    0:46:31 Yeah, I think the worst part about it too is that it calls into question
    0:46:35 when someone does succeed and they’re from a diverse background,
    0:46:37 calls into question why they got that job in the first place,
    0:46:39 which I think is horrible.
    0:46:42 You know, I just hired from two candidates,
    0:46:47 the final two candidates, was a guy and a woman.
    0:46:51 I would hate if the woman felt that she got the job
    0:46:54 because she’s a woman, and not because she’s best.
    0:46:57 She turns out she was by far the best in the process.
    0:46:58 And I would love for her to know
    0:47:02 that there was absolutely nothing that changed our view.
    0:47:05 We weren’t trying to fill a position with a woman.
    0:47:06 We were trying to fill the position with the best,
    0:47:08 and she should know she was the best.
    0:47:10 I think the contrast that was really fascinating
    0:47:15 was between Trump’s website and the Democrats’ website.
    0:47:18 So in the Democrats’ website, it was Who We’re For,
    0:47:20 which was what Scott was saying,
    0:47:24 but the Trump’s website was the 20 things we’re going to do.
    0:47:25 And it was just a list of 20…
    0:47:27 These are the 20 action points.
    0:47:29 This is what we’re going to do this, we’re going to do this,
    0:47:31 we’re going to do this, we’re going to do this.
    0:47:32 So it was a to-do list,
    0:47:38 as opposed to the identities that we want to advantage list.
    0:47:40 And I think that was the choice.
    0:47:41 You know, at the beginning, Constantine,
    0:47:43 you said, you know, America had a choice.
    0:47:45 And for me, when I looked at those two websites,
    0:47:50 I saw this choice between the identities being the main thing
    0:47:53 or the to-do list being the main thing,
    0:47:55 and very different approaches.
    0:47:58 Scott, when I was listening to that Zuckerberg interview
    0:48:00 talking about masculinity and identity issues,
    0:48:02 one of the lines he said there sounded like something
    0:48:04 you’ve said on my show before,
    0:48:07 where he said, “I think having a culture that celebrates
    0:48:08 that aggression a little bit more,
    0:48:10 talking about masculinity,
    0:48:13 has its own merits that are really positive.”
    0:48:15 Now, Mark Zuckerberg isn’t necessarily someone
    0:48:20 that I saw closely aligning to your worldview.
    0:48:23 Am I right in thinking that that’s something you agree with?
    0:48:24 Because I remember you saying to me,
    0:48:26 you think people should be able to walk in a room
    0:48:28 and kick everyone’s ass.
    0:48:29 – What I’ve said on your show is that,
    0:48:32 I think the male form, especially under the age of 30,
    0:48:35 with its bone structure, incredible double-twitch muscle,
    0:48:40 and then this amazing, amazing chemical called testosterone,
    0:48:43 you’re gonna look back at your 25-year-old self
    0:48:46 and think, “Why wasn’t I a fucking monster like Steve Barley?”
    0:48:47 (laughing)
    0:48:52 Because, and also, there is some masculinity
    0:48:56 when Russian soldiers pour over the border in Ukraine.
    0:48:58 You want some of that big dick energy
    0:49:00 that Daniel was talking about.
    0:49:02 In the case of Zuckerberg,
    0:49:05 I don’t think he really understands
    0:49:06 an aspirational view of masculinity.
    0:49:08 I think when he couches,
    0:49:11 immediately kind of trying to kiss Trump’s ass
    0:49:14 because Trump threatened to put him in prison,
    0:49:15 and what he used to call moderation,
    0:49:17 he’s now calling censorship.
    0:49:19 And when you have an algorithm
    0:49:22 that elevates incendiary hateful content,
    0:49:24 I would not describe that as masculinity.
    0:49:26 For me, masculinity comes down to protection,
    0:49:29 providing and procreation.
    0:49:31 And I don’t think it’s a,
    0:49:34 I think to talk about gendering a workplace
    0:49:37 in the context of trying to excuse
    0:49:41 a total elimination of what I would think
    0:49:43 is probably healthy moderation,
    0:49:45 I imagine Daniel and Constantine
    0:49:46 might have a different view.
    0:49:51 I don’t, I think he’s just couching his supplicant,
    0:49:53 obsequious, kiss-ass behavior
    0:49:55 under the auspices of masculinity.
    0:49:57 It just doesn’t ring true for me.
    0:50:00 And I’m not sure if we need to man up
    0:50:03 or femme up organizations and companies right now.
    0:50:04 When I talk about masculinity,
    0:50:08 if I say at a conference,
    0:50:10 oh, women are better managers.
    0:50:12 Everyone goes, yes, that’s right, that’s right, right?
    0:50:13 That’s okay.
    0:50:15 If I say men are more risk aggressive
    0:50:16 and make better entrepreneurs,
    0:50:19 you’re a misogynist, you’re out.
    0:50:21 And the reality is men and women
    0:50:22 bring different attributes.
    0:50:24 But the masculinity and femininity,
    0:50:25 I think masculinity is a wonderful thing.
    0:50:27 I think we need a different image of it.
    0:50:28 I think people born as male
    0:50:30 have an easier time leaning into those things.
    0:50:32 Having said that,
    0:50:35 I work out at CrossFit with a bunch of lesbian firefighters.
    0:50:37 They bring great masculine energy
    0:50:39 and they could carry my ass out of a fire.
    0:50:43 So a lot of men demonstrate wonderful feminine qualities.
    0:50:46 A lot of women demonstrate wonderful masculine qualities.
    0:50:47 I don’t think these things are sequestered
    0:50:51 to anyone born as a specific gender.
    0:50:53 What I think, what I talk about masculinity,
    0:50:55 I don’t talk about it in the world of corporations.
    0:50:57 I think that’s this fraught with risk
    0:50:59 and not worth talking about.
    0:51:00 It should be about shareholder value
    0:51:02 or stakeholder value.
    0:51:04 I think young men need a code.
    0:51:05 We’re going to church less.
    0:51:06 We have fewer relationships.
    0:51:09 So what’s the code you hold onto
    0:51:11 in terms of creating behaviors
    0:51:14 that are productive for you, yourself, society?
    0:51:16 And I think masculinity needs to be redefined
    0:51:17 as something more aspirational
    0:51:20 where you’re celebrated for being really fucking strong.
    0:51:22 You’re celebrated for not complaining.
    0:51:25 You’re celebrated for creating surplus value.
    0:51:27 You create more tax revenue than you absorb.
    0:51:28 You’re celebrated for being aggressive.
    0:51:31 You’re celebrated for breaking up fights at bars,
    0:51:33 not starting them.
    0:51:35 You’re celebrated for protecting your country,
    0:51:36 not shitposting it.
    0:51:40 You’re celebrated for approaching strange women
    0:51:42 and expressing romantic interest.
    0:51:44 That’s not a crime.
    0:51:47 And if she’s not interested and you’re rejected,
    0:51:49 you’re both going to be fine.
    0:51:52 You’re celebrated for getting out of the house.
    0:51:53 You’re celebrated for working.
    0:51:55 You’re celebrated for making money and liking money.
    0:51:58 I think there just needs to be a redefinition
    0:52:01 of masculinity in the context of helping young men
    0:52:05 find a code that they used to get from the armed services
    0:52:07 or from dual-parent households.
    0:52:09 And I feel like they’re struggling.
    0:52:12 So I like the idea of something that they feel
    0:52:16 in their bones and in their body and in their DNA
    0:52:18 that they can lean into, that we celebrate.
    0:52:21 And the conversation has flipped entirely.
    0:52:22 Five years ago, I was called a misogynist
    0:52:24 for talking about masculinity.
    0:52:28 Now the conversation is being led and advocated
    0:52:31 by one group and it’s mothers who are like,
    0:52:33 my son is not doing well.
    0:52:36 I got three kids, two daughters, daughters and PR
    0:52:37 with the other ones at Penn.
    0:52:38 And my son is in the basement vaping
    0:52:39 and playing video games.
    0:52:42 He needs something to latch onto.
    0:52:43 He needs a code.
    0:52:46 Anyways, but I apologize, word salad.
    0:52:48 Zuckerberg and masculinity, give me a fucking break.
    0:52:50 He looks like a Chechen Mali dealer.
    0:52:53 Sorry, back to you, Steve.
    0:52:56 (laughing)
    0:52:58 – Well, it’s interesting when you speak, Scott,
    0:53:01 because your views on masculinity
    0:53:04 appear to me to be most better represented
    0:53:07 by the right side of politics than the left side of politics.
    0:53:09 They both have their own vision of masculinity
    0:53:11 and yours seems to be a Republican view of masculinity.
    0:53:15 – To Trump’s credit, he saw the opportunity
    0:53:17 and he flew right into the hemisphere.
    0:53:22 Rockets, crypto, Joe Rogan, Theo Vaughn.
    0:53:26 He said, no, I’m not gonna run from this.
    0:53:28 I’m gonna fly right into it.
    0:53:31 Now I would argue that his vision of masculinity
    0:53:35 has too much coarseness, too much cruelty, too much bullying.
    0:53:37 I don’t think that’s masculinity.
    0:53:40 I think when we talk about Elon Musk taking risks,
    0:53:43 sending rockets that are captured by scissors coming down
    0:53:45 inspiring the EV race, taking an enormous risk
    0:53:47 making a shit ton of money.
    0:53:49 Yeah, that’s a great form of masculinity.
    0:53:52 Accusing men trying to save high soccer players,
    0:53:55 calling them pedophiles, calling your employees
    0:53:57 a sex criminal such that they have to leave their house,
    0:54:00 having 13 kids by five women or three women,
    0:54:02 none of which you live with,
    0:54:05 living next to sleeping next to a loaded gun,
    0:54:10 losing control of your self-control because of addiction.
    0:54:12 I don’t think that’s a great role model.
    0:54:14 I think it’s an amazing role model for boys.
    0:54:17 I don’t think it’s a great role model for men.
    0:54:18 In terms of energy, there are so many reasons
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    0:55:15 please tag me, send me a message online.
    0:55:17 Do you know that 80% of New Year’s resolutions
    0:55:18 fail by February?
    0:55:21 It’s because we focus too much on the end goal
    0:55:22 and we forget the small daily actions
    0:55:24 that actually move us forward.
    0:55:25 Those actions that are easy to do
    0:55:27 are also easy not to do in life.
    0:55:30 It’s easy to save a dollar, so it’s also easy not to.
    0:55:32 Making one small improvement each day,
    0:55:34 one tiny step in the right direction
    0:55:36 has a big difference over time.
    0:55:38 And that is the 1% mindset,
    0:55:40 which is why we created the 1% Diary,
    0:55:43 a 90-day journal designed to help you stay consistent
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    0:55:47 and make real progress over time.
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    0:56:08 – Konstantin, Elon Musk, censorship.
    0:56:11 The word censorship was used there by Scott.
    0:56:14 We’ve seen this reversal in Meta’s attitude,
    0:56:17 Facebook’s attitude that had been built up over a decade,
    0:56:20 where it almost felt like if you had sort of
    0:56:22 right-leaning views or really any unaccepted views
    0:56:24 and you posted those on Facebook,
    0:56:26 you would face maybe having the post deleted
    0:56:27 or your account suspended.
    0:56:32 This new world of speech, of free speech,
    0:56:34 and as it pertains to masculinity,
    0:56:37 do you think Elon Musk’s decision to buy X,
    0:56:38 which I noticed, Scott, you’d left X.
    0:56:42 You no longer post or tweet on X anymore.
    0:56:45 Do you think Elon’s decision to buy X
    0:56:47 is a net positive for society?
    0:56:51 – Net, yes, but I think what people hear
    0:56:53 when you say that is there’s no problems
    0:56:58 with this system than compared to the ones we had before.
    0:57:01 There are definitely disadvantages
    0:57:05 to a free platform like X now.
    0:57:10 And one of them is inevitably when you remove censorship,
    0:57:11 one of the things that censorship was doing
    0:57:16 was keeping all the deeply unpleasant people
    0:57:20 away from being able to shove things in your face.
    0:57:21 And that happens quite a lot on X.
    0:57:24 So I don’t enjoy that aspect of it,
    0:57:25 but I’ve always said that would be the price
    0:57:28 that we would pay for freedom.
    0:57:30 Freedom always has a price,
    0:57:31 and that’s what we’re seeing.
    0:57:33 As for Zuckerberg,
    0:57:36 his miraculous transformation into a free speech warrior
    0:57:39 is just wonderful, and I’m delighted to welcome him.
    0:57:40 I’m sure it’s entirely genuine,
    0:57:43 and not anything to do with the election results
    0:57:45 we’ve just seen in any way whatsoever,
    0:57:47 and the fact that the culture shifted.
    0:57:51 And those of us who were being censored by people like him
    0:57:54 for years actually winning the argument.
    0:57:56 Well, what it shows you is we’ve won the argument
    0:58:01 on free speech when it comes to the big tech platforms.
    0:58:02 And it’s gonna be messy.
    0:58:04 And I always said it was gonna be messy
    0:58:08 because inevitably when you create these large platforms
    0:58:10 that are algorithmically driven,
    0:58:13 where the truth and the moderate reasonable take
    0:58:16 is not what usually gets attention,
    0:58:19 you’re going to see a lot of unpleasantness.
    0:58:23 I value the ability to hear and communicate
    0:58:28 truthful ideas and facts over my own subjective feelings
    0:58:31 of someone said a thing I don’t like,
    0:58:34 or someone was racist, or someone was misogynistic.
    0:58:37 I don’t enjoy the fact that that happens,
    0:58:39 but I would rather that happened,
    0:58:42 and also we were not being censored from saying,
    0:58:45 you know, COVID probably came from a lab in China,
    0:58:46 which we were.
    0:58:50 You know, the Hunter Biden laptop story
    0:58:52 isn’t Russian disinformation.
    0:58:55 Actually, it’s an important piece of information
    0:58:57 that American voters need to hear
    0:58:59 when they’re making their decision about the election.
    0:59:02 And all of these other things that were being suppressed
    0:59:04 and censored across social media for years,
    0:59:06 they’re not anymore.
    0:59:08 And I think that’s a good thing.
    0:59:09 And I think that’s helpful.
    0:59:11 And if you look at, you know,
    0:59:14 to bring it back to the UK for a moment, Stephen,
    0:59:15 as you know, on trigonometry,
    0:59:19 we’ve tried to cover the grooming gang’s scandal
    0:59:22 and it’s an outrage what happened in this country
    0:59:23 over decades.
    0:59:25 We’ve been covering that for years,
    0:59:29 since about 2019, 2020, to very little purchase.
    0:59:32 And one of the reasons is it was just something
    0:59:34 that the media sort of covered and then moved on.
    0:59:36 When it actually should have been something
    0:59:38 we talked about on a daily basis
    0:59:39 until serious action was taken,
    0:59:44 and we saw real, real change, real change in policing,
    0:59:47 real change in social work, real change in government,
    0:59:50 real change in the way that these racially aggravated
    0:59:52 hate crimes were treated.
    0:59:55 Well, none of that was really being talked about seriously
    0:59:58 until Elon kicked up a fuss,
    1:00:00 amplified the voices of survivors,
    1:00:04 amplified the voices of campaigners on X, which he bought,
    1:00:09 and now the British government is forced to do whatever it can
    1:00:13 to actually address those issues to the extent that it will.
    1:00:14 You know, a lot of people will say
    1:00:15 it still doesn’t go far enough.
    1:00:17 Well, if it doesn’t go far enough,
    1:00:20 we now have a platform from which we can continue
    1:00:21 to have that conversation
    1:00:24 until there is the sort of inquiry
    1:00:26 and the sort of outcomes that people want
    1:00:27 to actually deliver real change.
    1:00:29 So is that a positive?
    1:00:32 God yes, God yes, we needed that.
    1:00:35 Those women who were raped on a mass scale
    1:00:37 needed their voices to be amplified
    1:00:40 by someone like Elon Musk on a platform like X,
    1:00:41 which is now free,
    1:00:43 to the point where Keir Starmer
    1:00:45 is forced into defensive action.
    1:00:47 That, I wish that was around 30 years ago
    1:00:49 because a hell of a lot of young girls and women
    1:00:51 wouldn’t have suffered the way they did
    1:00:53 if we had the opportunity to get that message out.
    1:00:56 So God yes, it’s a net positive.
    1:00:58 – Just to pick up on that, Konstantin,
    1:01:01 I’ve had a question in my mind for a while
    1:01:03 regarding the scandal, which is horrific.
    1:01:05 I think it’s something we all definitely agree on,
    1:01:08 is why has Elon chosen now
    1:01:11 and why has he chosen Keir Starmer
    1:01:15 as the sort of central target of this flurry of tweets
    1:01:17 around the grooming scandals?
    1:01:19 Because there’s clearly,
    1:01:20 Elon’s, I think an individual,
    1:01:23 which you can kind of see thinking in real time.
    1:01:24 Like if you go back through his tweets,
    1:01:25 ’cause there’s so many of them
    1:01:27 and they kind of come in these spurts,
    1:01:29 you can almost see what he’s getting at.
    1:01:30 Is there an underlying reason
    1:01:32 why he’s made this a central issue
    1:01:34 over the last couple of weeks?
    1:01:35 – I think there are several reasons.
    1:01:37 One of the reasons that it’s happening now
    1:01:39 is actually most Americans were completely unaware
    1:01:41 of this issue until recently.
    1:01:45 I remember a year ago speaking at a private event
    1:01:47 in New York and somebody said to me,
    1:01:50 “Well, what is the consequence of political correctness?
    1:01:52 “Why are you so against it?
    1:01:54 “Why are you so against censorship?”
    1:01:55 And I talked about the grooming gangs
    1:01:57 and people were horrified.
    1:02:01 They hadn’t even, and these are well-informed educated people
    1:02:03 who are media savvy and whatever.
    1:02:05 So one of the reasons is I think to a lot of Americans,
    1:02:07 this issue’s only coming to the fore now
    1:02:09 in front of their mind.
    1:02:11 The second issue, I think,
    1:02:14 is that Elon Musk understands what I said earlier,
    1:02:17 which is we have a global Western culture now.
    1:02:19 And so what happens in Britain matters
    1:02:21 just as much as what happens in America
    1:02:24 because we are symbiotic with each other now.
    1:02:29 When there’s a restriction of speech in the UK,
    1:02:32 when we have laws about what people are allowed to say,
    1:02:34 that has an impact across the world.
    1:02:36 When you see the European Union
    1:02:39 trying to pass legislation about online censorship,
    1:02:43 that has an impact because if something exists in the UK
    1:02:45 and in many European countries,
    1:02:47 it’s only a matter of time before people in America
    1:02:49 are gonna say, “Well, look, they’ve got this in Europe.
    1:02:50 “Why don’t we bring it over here?”
    1:02:52 And vice versa.
    1:02:54 So what happens in America affects us in Europe
    1:02:55 and in the UK,
    1:02:57 and what happens in Europe and the UK affects America.
    1:03:00 So what Elon, I think, is trying to do
    1:03:04 is to say, “We care about our civilization.”
    1:03:06 Elon doesn’t really talk that much about the United States.
    1:03:08 He talks about our civilization
    1:03:11 as I do because I believe that we are now one thing
    1:03:13 to a very significant extent.
    1:03:16 Now, from our civilizational point of view,
    1:03:19 is it a good thing that mass rape gangs in the UK
    1:03:22 are being insufficiently investigated
    1:03:25 and treated improperly by the police and the government?
    1:03:26 No, it’s not, it’s a very bad thing.
    1:03:28 So how do we address that?
    1:03:29 Well, we address that by putting pressure
    1:03:31 on the government of the day.
    1:03:33 Now, I don’t see the grooming gangs
    1:03:35 as a party political issue.
    1:03:37 The Tories didn’t really do anything about it properly,
    1:03:39 either, although there were individual members
    1:03:42 of the cabinet that tried to do something
    1:03:44 like so-called braverment.
    1:03:46 But he’s putting pressure on the government of the day.
    1:03:50 You can see him going after Nigel Farage of all people
    1:03:53 and saying Nigel Farage is not the right leader for reform.
    1:03:57 So he’s attempting to shape British politics
    1:04:00 in the direction that he feels is the right way.
    1:04:01 What does he want?
    1:04:03 What outcome does he want?
    1:04:04 Look, I don’t know what Elon must want.
    1:04:06 I don’t know him personally.
    1:04:07 I haven’t even yet had a chance to interview him,
    1:04:09 which I really look forward to doing,
    1:04:12 because I think he’s one of the great visionaries of our time,
    1:04:13 whether you like him or not.
    1:04:16 I think that’s undeniably true.
    1:04:20 But my sense is he’s trying to talk about all the things
    1:04:23 that we’ve been discussing– freedom of expression,
    1:04:27 the end of identity politics, and the pursuit of meritocracy,
    1:04:30 a pioneering, inspiring vision of the future,
    1:04:32 which is why he’s talking about Mars
    1:04:34 and a vision for our civilization that
    1:04:37 goes beyond the narrow squabbling that we do here
    1:04:43 on Earth, and the understanding that human beings are meant–
    1:04:44 we left the cave.
    1:04:47 We’re not supposed to stay in a place
    1:04:51 with the walls closing in on us and feel like we’re in decline.
    1:04:53 We’re not supposed to be a civilization that
    1:04:58 has 1.5 children per woman and that is simply just leaving
    1:05:00 the planet Earth because we can’t reproduce.
    1:05:04 We’re supposed to look at the future with hope and optimism.
    1:05:07 We’re supposed to say, I want things to be better.
    1:05:09 I want things to be better for my children.
    1:05:11 I want to have children.
    1:05:15 I want the vision of our society being
    1:05:18 one of positivity and optimism and a sense
    1:05:21 of a pioneering vision and inspiration.
    1:05:22 That’s what I think he wants.
    1:05:26 And I don’t really see any of that in the current government
    1:05:26 in the UK.
    1:05:28 And I think he’s right to go after them and say,
    1:05:30 you are destroying your country’s economy.
    1:05:32 You’re destroying its culture.
    1:05:35 You’re destroying its sense of cohesiveness
    1:05:37 by allowing illegal immigration.
    1:05:40 You are destroying that sense of optimism and vision.
    1:05:43 And you’re not saying to people, let’s build something better.
    1:05:45 You’re saying, let’s stay small.
    1:05:46 Let’s play small.
    1:05:48 Let’s not rise above our station.
    1:05:51 And I think we need people like that, imperfect as they
    1:05:53 may be in all sorts of different ways,
    1:05:56 to drive our civilization forward.
    1:05:59 To say to us, there is an inspiring vision
    1:06:02 to which we’re all moving as opposed to just sitting there
    1:06:04 and waiting to die, which is what we’ve
    1:06:06 been doing for far too long.
    1:06:10 Yeah, I think Elon is taking his word.
    1:06:12 He said a year ago that he was going to absolutely dismantle
    1:06:14 the both mind virus globally.
    1:06:18 And he was going to ensure meritocracy and free speech.
    1:06:20 And when he sets his mind on something,
    1:06:22 he has the ability to stay focused on it
    1:06:26 for a very long time to a degree most people can’t fathom.
    1:06:29 And he’s absolutely willing to endure pain.
    1:06:30 He loves a fight.
    1:06:33 He obviously has the kind of mind that can’t relax
    1:06:38 unless he’s grinding up against some gear as well.
    1:06:41 Like the way he works needs stress in his life.
    1:06:42 He needs a big enemy.
    1:06:45 He needs a big fight to engage with.
    1:06:47 And I think Keir Starmer just ticked all of his boxes
    1:06:49 as someone to go up against.
    1:06:53 I think what’s interesting is we talk about these big tech.
    1:06:54 I love that Scott has previously talked
    1:06:55 about breaking up big tech.
    1:06:58 And I think there’s potential for that in the next four years.
    1:07:03 All of these guys like Trump and JD Vance and all of them
    1:07:07 have locked horns with big tech.
    1:07:10 And this is their chance to get revenge on big tech
    1:07:11 in the next four years.
    1:07:13 They could do a little–
    1:07:17 you might see Google have to spin off YouTube.
    1:07:19 Or you might see AWS have to come away from Amazon
    1:07:20 or something like that.
    1:07:21 Who knows?
    1:07:25 But it’s interesting that a lot of these big tech guys,
    1:07:28 they’re probably cosying up to Trump
    1:07:31 because that could be on the cards as well.
    1:07:33 There’s been a lot of them–
    1:07:35 Trump butt kissing over the last couple of weeks.
    1:07:38 I think Trump’s almost bragged about the fact
    1:07:41 that everybody’s flown down to Mar-a-Lago to kiss his butt
    1:07:42 and to cozy up with him.
    1:07:44 And there’s now a headline saying
    1:07:46 that there’s this tech oligarchy forming in the United
    1:07:50 States where Bezos and Elon and Zuck are all now friends
    1:07:53 and they’re stood behind Trump as this unifying force.
    1:07:54 Just to touch on a few points of that,
    1:07:56 but also on Constantine’s message
    1:07:59 that Elon is doing this for the betterment of humanity,
    1:08:02 to further humanity, his involvement with the UK,
    1:08:04 but his broader involvement in politics now.
    1:08:07 Scott, does that square with how you think about Elon?
    1:08:10 And I am quite curious to ask you
    1:08:12 why you made the decision to leave X
    1:08:15 and to go to Blue Sky and Threads and things like that.
    1:08:17 Yeah, I can’t speculate on what motivates Elon Musk.
    1:08:19 I quite frankly just don’t get the guy.
    1:08:22 And also, I don’t have the domain expertise
    1:08:24 to comment on the rape gangs.
    1:08:26 It’s such a serious upsetting issue.
    1:08:31 I don’t know it well enough to speak intelligently to it.
    1:08:37 Just a topic of censorship, though, as it relates to meta.
    1:08:39 A hallmark of a free society and a democracy,
    1:08:41 is it pretty much anyone can say pretty much anything
    1:08:42 about pretty much anybody?
    1:08:44 I believe that.
    1:08:49 The question is, do machines and bots have free speech rights?
    1:08:51 Because if I say something–
    1:08:55 I believe– I may be paranoid, but it doesn’t mean I’m wrong.
    1:08:58 I believe VCs, whose portfolio companies I’ve
    1:09:01 said have overvalued, have enlisted thousands of bots
    1:09:04 to basically just shitpost me over and over on X
    1:09:06 to diminish my credibility.
    1:09:08 I think because I’ve been critical of Putin,
    1:09:10 that the GRU has hired troll farms
    1:09:11 to create lists of thousands of people
    1:09:15 to weaponize bots to say disparaging things about them.
    1:09:17 Do those bots have free speech rights?
    1:09:23 In addition, when Fox News distributes information
    1:09:26 to its anchors saying Dominion voting machines were
    1:09:28 weaponized by Hugo Chavez in Venezuela,
    1:09:31 despite the fact they knew that was not true,
    1:09:34 but they tell their broadcasters to do it anyways.
    1:09:37 And then Dominion says, this hurt our business,
    1:09:38 and you knew it was false, and you
    1:09:41 decided to communicate it anyways.
    1:09:43 Their courts find them liable.
    1:09:46 They have to pay three quarters of a billion dollars.
    1:09:48 What happened at Fox News was a dumpster fire
    1:09:52 compared to the nuclear mushroom cloud on Meta.
    1:09:55 So a lot of what we’re talking about here,
    1:09:59 if you want to say that mRNA vaccines alter your DNA,
    1:10:01 I think you should have the right to say that.
    1:10:03 The dissenter’s voice is important,
    1:10:04 because occasionally the conspiracy theorist
    1:10:06 ends up being correct.
    1:10:09 The question is, when you have a business model that
    1:10:12 elevates the most incendiary, ugly content
    1:10:15 beyond its organic reach, should you then
    1:10:18 be exonerated from all liability and slander
    1:10:21 that traditional media companies are liable to?
    1:10:26 If we were to say the deal on Musk is a pedophile
    1:10:30 and start stating facts and evidence of it,
    1:10:32 and he could show that it’s hurt his ability
    1:10:36 to raise money for Tesla, and he filed legal action
    1:10:38 against this podcast, I think we
    1:10:40 would be in a world of hurt.
    1:10:44 And that legal liability is warranted.
    1:10:46 But the most powerful media companies in the world
    1:10:48 have Section 230 protection.
    1:10:52 So they have a business model where conspiracy theory
    1:10:55 or novel content, which is Latin for bullshit and lies,
    1:10:57 and the more angry it is, it gets
    1:11:00 elevated beyond its organic reach.
    1:11:03 So while I’m kind of down with the notion
    1:11:05 that we should have free speech, and anybody
    1:11:08 should be able to say pretty much whatever they want,
    1:11:11 there’s something wrong when we have algorithms that
    1:11:14 have a profit incentive around rage, conspiracy theory,
    1:11:17 and lies, and two-thirds of Republicans
    1:11:20 believe that the election was stolen.
    1:11:25 And when one in five Americans think that 9/11 was an inside
    1:11:27 job, I mean, we are–
    1:11:28 Let’s be honest.
    1:11:30 They thought that before the internet.
    1:11:33 I remember watching all the 9/11 Truth of Movies
    1:11:33 and all of that.
    1:11:35 But your point overall is right.
    1:11:36 I totally agree.
    1:11:38 And by the way, Elon agrees with you.
    1:11:41 When he bought X, he talked about the bot problem.
    1:11:44 He talked about the amplification of our rage.
    1:11:47 He hasn’t done as much as I hoped he would have done so far,
    1:11:49 but I hope that they do address that.
    1:11:53 Because that isn’t an Elon or an X problem.
    1:11:56 It’s a technology problem of the modern world.
    1:11:59 The reality is that the more we live our lives online,
    1:12:02 the more you’re going to have the problem of the ability
    1:12:05 of foreign governments, of individual people
    1:12:09 to create fake accounts, bot farms, et cetera,
    1:12:12 to influence the way we look at all of these things.
    1:12:16 And we are going to have to come to terms with that reality.
    1:12:18 Because it’s a technological issue
    1:12:20 that we’re going to have to solve for.
    1:12:21 And we haven’t yet.
    1:12:23 It’s also very easy for people to get caught
    1:12:26 in their own bubbles as well, which is a new phenomenon.
    1:12:28 There was a time where if you believed crazy things,
    1:12:31 you still had to sit next to someone else in church
    1:12:34 and talk to them about their life and what they believe.
    1:12:36 And you encountered dissenting voices.
    1:12:39 You encountered sane, rational people
    1:12:41 who had very different views to you
    1:12:43 that you had to be friends with long-term.
    1:12:45 Whereas where we are right now
    1:12:47 is if you’ve got some sort of a crazy view,
    1:12:49 you can find yourself only talking to people
    1:12:53 who share those views and only sharing content
    1:12:55 that reinforces those views until such time
    1:12:58 that you become extremely radicalized.
    1:13:00 – I think that’s such an important point
    1:13:01 because I think it’s a real shame
    1:13:04 that AILLMs aren’t crawling the real world.
    1:13:07 I was at Granger’s yesterday, someone comes up to me,
    1:13:10 love your content, let’s take a picture.
    1:13:11 They’re so nice.
    1:13:12 Another person comes up to me and said,
    1:13:13 “I disagree with your view on this,
    1:13:15 but we have a civil conversation.”
    1:13:16 And then I come home to 40 bots
    1:13:19 telling me I’m professor genocide.
    1:13:22 I mean, people in the real world, generally speaking,
    1:13:23 I don’t know if it’s because of the threat
    1:13:25 of physical violence or they want to have sex with you
    1:13:28 or maybe they think some point you’ll hire their kid
    1:13:30 or generally just a comity of man,
    1:13:35 but people in real life I find are just lovely and wonderful.
    1:13:38 And it’s a shame that these AILLMs aren’t crawling this
    1:13:41 because the traif and some of the vile shit
    1:13:42 they’re crawling online,
    1:13:45 which I don’t even think reflects our species.
    1:13:48 I think it reflects technology that has a profit motive
    1:13:52 around promoting the most incendiary, hateful content.
    1:13:55 So there’s got to be some sort of medium speed here.
    1:13:57 And also I got a fax, Steve,
    1:14:00 because you don’t like Chick-fil-A, don’t eat a Chick-fil-A.
    1:14:03 I, if Musk wants to pay $44 billion
    1:14:06 and turning into a Nazi porn bar, that’s his right.
    1:14:07 I don’t think there’s, I don’t think it’s illegal.
    1:14:09 I don’t think the government should step in,
    1:14:12 but I don’t have to pay in his fence
    1:14:15 and I can go to another platform.
    1:14:16 That’s my right too.
    1:14:18 And everyone says, oh, you’re against free speech.
    1:14:20 I’m like, no, I’m not, I’m against being on a platform
    1:14:21 that makes me feel bad.
    1:14:26 So he has the right and all this notion around meta,
    1:14:28 free speech, it’s a little different
    1:14:30 because they control so much of the media,
    1:14:32 but these are media companies
    1:14:35 and they should be liable for slander or defamation,
    1:14:38 the same way traditional media companies are involved.
    1:14:40 I think we could solve a lot of this problem
    1:14:41 by just removing 230 protections
    1:14:44 for algorithmically elevated content.
    1:14:48 If you decide to elevate content
    1:14:50 beyond its organic reach,
    1:14:52 then you are making an editorial decision
    1:14:54 and you should be liable
    1:14:57 if that in fact is slanderous or defamatory.
    1:14:58 – I think that’s really fascinating
    1:15:00 as a way of handling it.
    1:15:03 And also we’re living in a world where as of this year,
    1:15:06 some of the most phenomenal content you will read
    1:15:08 will be algorithmically generated
    1:15:10 and some of the most compelling content.
    1:15:12 So this idea that Scott’s talking about
    1:15:14 should bots have free speech,
    1:15:19 it sounds like a kind of intellectual kind of pseudo
    1:15:20 intellectual topic,
    1:15:22 but it’s absolutely a very practical topic
    1:15:26 in the sense that bots now can generate conversations
    1:15:29 very easily and some of the,
    1:15:32 you could spend all day talking to a bot and not know.
    1:15:34 – It’s funny, this subject has come up
    1:15:36 because in the last week,
    1:15:38 I’ve had a flurry of messages on WhatsApp from friends,
    1:15:39 actually I had two tweets yesterday,
    1:15:41 which you could probably see if you just searched my name,
    1:15:43 because on X at the moment,
    1:15:46 there’s multiple ads running that are fake articles
    1:15:49 with fake BBC headlines with my face in.
    1:15:50 So it says things like,
    1:15:52 “The Bank of England is suing Steve Bartlett.”
    1:15:56 And this is running as a sponsored ad on X.
    1:15:57 And people are tweeting me these things.
    1:15:59 My friend says every time he refreshes the feed,
    1:16:03 he sees a new sponsored ad of a fake article of me.
    1:16:04 And sometimes it’s like,
    1:16:06 can’t believe this happened to Steve
    1:16:07 and it’s a BBC article.
    1:16:09 You click on it, you get scammed.
    1:16:11 I think it’s a crypto scam, I don’t wanna click.
    1:16:13 I’ll send the link to you guys so you can click on it for me.
    1:16:15 But I just, it really has,
    1:16:17 ’cause that is a bot, there’s multiple of them,
    1:16:19 multiple accounts that have been spun up,
    1:16:20 they’re all verified accounts,
    1:16:24 and it’s AI generated imagery with a paid ad behind it.
    1:16:25 That’s the bit that really gets me,
    1:16:27 I get people can post shit,
    1:16:32 but sponsoring it is a new level of defamation.
    1:16:37 One of the big macro things I’ve been thinking a lot about
    1:16:37 that I haven’t shared yet,
    1:16:41 is just the amount of social networks that have emerged.
    1:16:42 In the last 10 years,
    1:16:45 there’s been a 50% increase so far
    1:16:46 in new social networks that have emerged.
    1:16:48 And we’re seeing this splintering now of the rumbles,
    1:16:50 the blue skies, the threads.
    1:16:52 And it almost seems, talking about echo chambers,
    1:16:54 that social networks are becoming
    1:16:56 sort of political environments.
    1:16:57 And you’re choosing your social network now
    1:16:59 based on your politics.
    1:17:03 This doesn’t seem like a net positive thing for society.
    1:17:08 – Nope, no, I think we’re living through an era
    1:17:10 of the fragmentation of our reality.
    1:17:14 And it comes, Scott’s point about people behaving better
    1:17:15 in person is true.
    1:17:19 Although I would say there is the windscreen effect
    1:17:20 or the windshield effect,
    1:17:22 which is if you, someone cuts you up in traffic
    1:17:25 and you feel that there’s some kind of physical separation
    1:17:26 between the two of you,
    1:17:29 most people behave slightly differently in that context
    1:17:31 than they would if they were sitting next to somebody
    1:17:32 face to face in a bar.
    1:17:36 So there’s something about being physically present
    1:17:38 with other people that changes it,
    1:17:40 which is one of the reasons,
    1:17:42 I know you have pretty much all your interviews
    1:17:44 face to face and we do as well,
    1:17:46 because generally speaking,
    1:17:49 it’s very difficult to connect authentically with people.
    1:17:50 Obviously we’ve managed to do it
    1:17:52 in the course of this conversation,
    1:17:53 but beyond that, it’s difficult.
    1:17:57 And so we’re gonna have to work on that.
    1:17:59 But what the point I’m trying to make is
    1:18:01 this isn’t a political issue.
    1:18:03 It’s not an ex issue.
    1:18:05 It’s not an Elon Musk issue.
    1:18:06 It’s a technological issue.
    1:18:09 We’re living through probably already have lived
    1:18:12 through most of the digital revolution.
    1:18:14 And I used to, as a kid,
    1:18:16 love Isaac Asimov science fiction books.
    1:18:19 And one of the reasons I did enjoy reading them so much
    1:18:22 is it was a world in which there was an exploration
    1:18:26 of what does the creation of robots,
    1:18:28 which is what we’re living through,
    1:18:31 mean for morality?
    1:18:33 What does it mean for philosophy?
    1:18:34 What does it mean for humanity?
    1:18:36 What does it mean for…
    1:18:38 How do we build rules in a world
    1:18:40 in which you have these machines
    1:18:42 that take every rule literally
    1:18:46 and suddenly you find the desire to protect humanity
    1:18:48 results in the end of humanity?
    1:18:50 How do you navigate all of this?
    1:18:52 And that is what we’re living through.
    1:18:54 We are also living through a period
    1:18:56 when our realities are being fragmented.
    1:19:01 And so we believe a very small set of things
    1:19:05 that other people like us somewhere
    1:19:06 in a very different part of the world
    1:19:09 as Daniel was saying earlier, also believe.
    1:19:10 And we now live in this,
    1:19:15 we don’t live in England or in Scotland or in America.
    1:19:18 We live almost like in a world of people
    1:19:21 who think like us in the West.
    1:19:25 And then other people live right next door to us
    1:19:26 who live in a whole different world
    1:19:30 because they consume a whole different set of information.
    1:19:32 That is the reality.
    1:19:34 We can complain about it.
    1:19:35 That is not going to change.
    1:19:40 And the only thing I really wanna raise
    1:19:44 where I disagree with Scott about this idea
    1:19:46 that Facebook and X, et cetera,
    1:19:51 are they are publishers and not platforms.
    1:19:53 I don’t think you can apply
    1:19:56 the same media organization section to them.
    1:19:59 It just, I don’t think it’s appropriate.
    1:20:02 They are platforms in which people publish information.
    1:20:05 The artificial amplification is a fair point.
    1:20:06 We need to deal with that.
    1:20:08 We need to deal with the bot problem.
    1:20:09 That’s a very difficult one
    1:20:13 because one of the challenges is
    1:20:14 the only way to really deal
    1:20:16 that I can see with the bot problem
    1:20:19 is to get people to verify their identity online.
    1:20:23 That obviously has a lot of questions around that
    1:20:25 because once you start forcing people
    1:20:29 to give their identity over to some anonymous blob online,
    1:20:31 who’s collecting that data?
    1:20:33 What are they doing with it?
    1:20:35 And if you don’t like Elon Musk
    1:20:38 or if you don’t like the previous Twitter regime
    1:20:40 as I didn’t, then the question for you is,
    1:20:44 well, let’s say right now I look at Twitter
    1:20:46 and I’m like, I’m happy to verify my identity.
    1:20:48 I’m happy to confirm who I am.
    1:20:53 Well, what if George Soros buys X of Elon at some point?
    1:20:56 Are you still happy that that information is being held?
    1:20:58 Are you still happy that the anonymous account
    1:21:00 you’ve now made confirmed?
    1:21:03 What happens to the anonymous activist speaking
    1:21:06 about the Ayatollah’s regime in Iran?
    1:21:09 What happens to them when they’ve had to verify their identity
    1:21:11 and the wrong person buys our platform
    1:21:12 or someone hacks it, et cetera?
    1:21:16 So it’s a conversation that’s not,
    1:21:18 if there were easier solutions on these issues,
    1:21:20 they would have been solved by now.
    1:21:23 This is a very difficult thing for humanity to navigate
    1:21:25 and we’re gonna have to find a way to do it
    1:21:27 and incrementally so.
    1:21:28 – I just want to respond to that.
    1:21:32 I think you’re guilty of the same illusion of complexity
    1:21:34 that protects these companies from acting like actors
    1:21:35 such that they can do anything
    1:21:37 regardless of the damage to the Commonwealth
    1:21:39 to add shareholder value.
    1:21:43 If you implemented, first off,
    1:21:45 this notion that you don’t want to give up your identity,
    1:21:48 trust me, they know everything about you, Constantine, already.
    1:21:50 And I could go get a ton of information on you
    1:21:54 from the dark web fairly easily with a credit card.
    1:21:58 So the notion that somehow we shouldn’t have some sort of,
    1:22:02 you could have, we need age verification for social media.
    1:22:04 There’s no reason anyone of age of 16
    1:22:06 should be on a social media platform.
    1:22:10 And regarding the civil rights activists
    1:22:12 or the women’s right activists in needs and anonymity,
    1:22:14 you could create a number of accounts
    1:22:18 and use blockchain or some sort of third party anonymous
    1:22:19 to have a certain number of accounts that says,
    1:22:22 look, if you want an anonymous parity account,
    1:22:24 you want to make fun of people, fine.
    1:22:27 If you want an account talking about issues
    1:22:30 that you feel are sensitive from other markets, fine.
    1:22:33 We could absolutely figure that out and then figure out,
    1:22:36 okay, this account is doing nothing.
    1:22:39 It has no base, it has no soul, it has no values.
    1:22:40 It has 72 followers.
    1:22:43 All it’s doing is trying to start fights online.
    1:22:45 All it’s doing is trying to make people feel shitty
    1:22:48 about Britain or shitty about America.
    1:22:51 And the reality is these companies use that illusion
    1:22:54 of complexity such that they can have more bots
    1:22:56 creating more fake clicks, more Nissan ads
    1:22:58 and more shareholder value.
    1:23:00 I think there’s a middle ground here.
    1:23:02 I think we could figure this out.
    1:23:03 – I agree, well, that’s what I’m saying.
    1:23:06 I think some of the ideas that you’re putting forward
    1:23:08 are right or wrong, I don’t know.
    1:23:10 But these are the conversations we should be having.
    1:23:11 How do we make sure?
    1:23:14 I mean, my son is two and a half years old
    1:23:18 and my wife has become a complete screen Nazi,
    1:23:21 so he’s probably not gonna get a phone until he’s about 40.
    1:23:24 But I think your point about people
    1:23:26 shouldn’t be on social media yet.
    1:23:31 People shouldn’t be on social media until they’re 16.
    1:23:32 Absolutely correct.
    1:23:35 What that’s doing to the minds of, well, or everybody,
    1:23:37 but particularly young people who are really susceptible
    1:23:39 to it, you’re completely right.
    1:23:42 The verification dimension is difficult, as I say.
    1:23:46 We’re gonna have to hash this all out as humanity.
    1:23:47 We’re just gonna have to work this all out.
    1:23:50 How do we live in this new world that we now live in?
    1:23:51 It’s gonna take some time.
    1:23:54 And I hope it’s not as bad as the last time
    1:23:57 the information space was revolutionized,
    1:23:58 which was the printing press.
    1:24:01 That caused about two centuries of religious war.
    1:24:03 Hopefully we can avoid that.
    1:24:07 And part of the way to do that is to create environments
    1:24:08 which are uncensored,
    1:24:10 where people can express different ideas.
    1:24:12 We can have these battles
    1:24:15 and eventually come to some sort of mutual understanding.
    1:24:16 I hope that happens.
    1:24:18 – What I wanted to ask you all
    1:24:21 to really close out this conversation was
    1:24:24 these conversations tend to be a bit of a reflection
    1:24:25 of what’s in the new cycle.
    1:24:27 And what’s in the new cycle tends to be a reflection
    1:24:28 of what people are clicking.
    1:24:30 And a lot of that’s driven by fear
    1:24:31 and the sort of narrative of the time,
    1:24:33 whether it’s immigration or the Trump inauguration.
    1:24:37 But what is the big important idea
    1:24:38 that we’re not talking about?
    1:24:40 What’s the most important thing
    1:24:41 that we should be talking about
    1:24:43 that isn’t getting enough attention right now
    1:24:46 as it relates to the future of the West?
    1:24:48 And that’s a big broad question.
    1:24:49 I’ll start with you, Daniel.
    1:24:52 – For me, it’s the schooling system.
    1:24:54 I think the schooling system is not preparing people
    1:24:58 for a world that exists and that we’re teaching.
    1:25:01 We haven’t grasped the fact that AI is going to be
    1:25:04 the biggest, most disruptive technology
    1:25:05 in the lives of our children
    1:25:07 and that the jobs that we think
    1:25:10 they might be able to go into probably won’t exist.
    1:25:15 We need to have a radical look at this idea
    1:25:19 that children should go to school with the same age groups
    1:25:22 or study a certain set of topics
    1:25:24 or that it should be topic-based at all.
    1:25:29 We need to explore, are there better models
    1:25:30 for the schooling system
    1:25:32 that prepare people for the world
    1:25:34 that we’re going to be in?
    1:25:37 Our current schooling system goes back to the early 1800s.
    1:25:39 It was essentially based on a military schooling system
    1:25:43 in Prussia and that’s kind of where it evolved from.
    1:25:46 I think what we need to do is think about
    1:25:49 what are the skills that our kids are gonna need?
    1:25:52 – I see two and I can only,
    1:25:55 I don’t feel like I can wrap my arms around UK’s issues,
    1:25:57 but in terms of the US political extremism,
    1:26:01 I would put it number two at negative 40 Celsius
    1:26:04 and Fahrenheit meet and because of our electoral system
    1:26:05 and Citizens United,
    1:26:07 people from the far left who are crazy
    1:26:10 and people from the far right who are crazy
    1:26:11 are just overrepresented
    1:26:13 and they come together to meet on reckless spending,
    1:26:15 deficit spending, they come together
    1:26:17 to agree on antisemitism
    1:26:18 and there’s just too many people
    1:26:19 on the far left and the far right
    1:26:21 and the people in the middle,
    1:26:23 it’s minority role, they’re just not represented.
    1:26:25 However, I think the biggest threat
    1:26:26 that people aren’t talking about
    1:26:29 and I’ve actually spent some time talking
    1:26:30 with the administration around this
    1:26:33 or the former administration, I should say,
    1:26:37 is loneliness and that is you have the deepest pocketed,
    1:26:40 most well-resourced companies and people in the world
    1:26:42 trying to convince people, especially young men,
    1:26:44 that they kind of have a reasonable facsimile of life
    1:26:45 on a screen with an algorithm
    1:26:47 and I think they literally go crazy.
    1:26:49 I think they wake up and they’re obese and lonely
    1:26:50 and have no skills.
    1:26:53 We talked about this, I think young people,
    1:26:55 I say this jokingly, but have seriously,
    1:26:56 I think young people need to get out of the house,
    1:26:58 more drink, more make a series of bad decisions
    1:27:00 and might pay off.
    1:27:02 I think we need, I think we need to,
    1:27:04 I think we need more sex.
    1:27:08 I think we need more people in third spaces,
    1:27:11 I mean, more church, more religious, more institutions,
    1:27:14 national service, we’re mammals
    1:27:16 and I worry that we’re, one in seven men
    1:27:17 doesn’t have a single friend.
    1:27:20 One in four men can’t name a best friend.
    1:27:23 So this loneliness epidemic where people get into a bubble
    1:27:26 and start engaging into conspiracy theory,
    1:27:29 not trusting each other, blaming women,
    1:27:32 blaming the nation, self-harm.
    1:27:35 I just, I worry about, you know what I say to young men,
    1:27:37 I coach a lot of young men, romantic comedies
    1:27:39 are two hours, not 15 minutes for a reason.
    1:27:42 This shit is hard and it’s worth it.
    1:27:45 But I worry that we’re raising, like I said,
    1:27:47 this new species of asocial, asexual,
    1:27:49 being called the young American male
    1:27:53 that is obese, anxious and just a shitty citizen.
    1:27:57 – Konstantin, the most important thing in 2025
    1:27:59 that’s not getting enough attention.
    1:28:02 – In the UK and in most of Europe,
    1:28:04 it’s an issue that Daniel raised earlier,
    1:28:07 which is in the UK, our energy prices are four times
    1:28:09 what they are in the United States.
    1:28:11 That is an ideological decision.
    1:28:13 It’s done because we’re saving the planet,
    1:28:15 that’s what we’re being told.
    1:28:20 The reality is our contribution to global carbon emissions
    1:28:24 is we’re responsible for 2% of global carbon emissions
    1:28:25 in the world.
    1:28:29 Making British pensioners freeze to death every winter
    1:28:31 ’cause they can’t afford fuel bills
    1:28:33 is not the solution to climate change.
    1:28:35 And if you amplify that further,
    1:28:39 driving businesses out of business,
    1:28:41 making our economy uncompetitive,
    1:28:44 making Britain unable to generate wealth for itself
    1:28:47 and for its future is not the moral position.
    1:28:51 Net zero, which is the impoverishment of our society
    1:28:52 for ideological reasons,
    1:28:54 has been positioned as the moral cause.
    1:28:57 We’re saving the planet, we’re ending climate change.
    1:28:59 We’re not doing any of that.
    1:29:01 All we’re doing is virtue signaling
    1:29:03 and making our fellow citizens suffer.
    1:29:05 So what we should be talking about
    1:29:08 is how do we make energy cheap again
    1:29:11 so that we can have a prosperous economy?
    1:29:12 And guess what?
    1:29:13 When people are prosperous,
    1:29:15 that’s when they actually start being responsible
    1:29:19 about pollution, about throwing away things they don’t need.
    1:29:21 And also when you have money,
    1:29:24 that’s when you can invest money in scientific research
    1:29:27 which allows you to find cleaner, better forms of energy.
    1:29:29 That’s what we should be doing.
    1:29:32 We should be making sure that we generate as much wealth
    1:29:34 for our fellow citizens as possible
    1:29:36 because a lot of people are struggling.
    1:29:40 And I think it’s deeply, deeply immoral
    1:29:44 to impoverish already poor pensioners in this country
    1:29:46 and to prevent businesses from hiring people
    1:29:48 and giving them jobs and opportunities,
    1:29:51 including the young men that Scott is talking about
    1:29:53 because we are saving the planet
    1:29:55 and we’re trying to keep little Greta happy.
    1:29:56 We’re not doing any of that.
    1:29:58 We’re not successful in that.
    1:29:59 We should stop pretending
    1:30:02 and we should do what Donald Trump said he plans to do
    1:30:04 which is drill, baby, drill.
    1:30:06 We should be exploring and exploiting
    1:30:09 all the energy reserves we have in this country
    1:30:12 in order to create clean energy
    1:30:14 and better forms of energy for the future
    1:30:18 as well as to improve the wellbeing of our fellow citizens.
    1:30:19 That’s what we should be talking about
    1:30:21 a hell of a lot more than we are.
    1:30:22 – You need cheap energy, you’re right.
    1:30:24 It’s what I would argue,
    1:30:28 I think it’s gonna be liquid natural gas and nuclear.
    1:30:29 We haven’t talked about AI.
    1:30:32 AI requires 10 times the energy at the AI query
    1:30:35 as a Google query, the choke point is energy.
    1:30:36 I would argue in the US,
    1:30:38 I think we’d benefit more from,
    1:30:40 as opposed to drill, baby, drill, build, baby, build.
    1:30:42 I think young people have seen housing prices
    1:30:44 just go crazy.
    1:30:45 There’s a psychological benefit
    1:30:47 to household formation, forced savings.
    1:30:51 So I don’t, I’m gonna take care of your word
    1:30:52 because you’re a very smart guy
    1:30:55 that Britain has implemented a series of policies.
    1:30:59 That energy stat you wrote, that was incredible.
    1:31:01 But in the US, like I said,
    1:31:04 we’re, I don’t wanna say we’re drowning in oil.
    1:31:07 We’ve, there were more drilling permits
    1:31:11 issued under Biden than the previous Trump admitted.
    1:31:15 I mean, just to call Biden anti-energy
    1:31:17 or that somehow we’re have this,
    1:31:19 this massively over-inflated energy prices.
    1:31:22 It’s just not, that hasn’t happened in the US.
    1:31:26 I would like, we need, we need more homes in the US.
    1:31:28 – And in the UK too, and Stephen,
    1:31:29 let me just before you wrap up,
    1:31:32 fill the stats out a little bit more.
    1:31:34 Obviously everyone understands that geopolitically
    1:31:36 we’re in a pretty tense time
    1:31:38 and there’s conflicts happening.
    1:31:40 Britain is in a position now
    1:31:41 where we would struggle.
    1:31:43 You gotta remember British history.
    1:31:46 Britain is, Britannia rules the waves, right?
    1:31:49 The way that Britain has become a great nation
    1:31:52 throughout history is by having a powerfully,
    1:31:54 we would struggle to build warships now
    1:31:56 ’cause we’ve closed down all our steelworks
    1:31:58 ’cause we’re green, right?
    1:32:00 It’s insanity.
    1:32:05 And on every other issue to do with energy and industry,
    1:32:07 we have basically deliberately moved
    1:32:10 our production facilities to other countries.
    1:32:12 Okay, great idea, globalization,
    1:32:14 make things cheaper, ship things, wonderful.
    1:32:16 Okay, what happened during COVID?
    1:32:20 What happened when suddenly the entire chains of production
    1:32:23 weren’t quite operating the way that they normally do?
    1:32:25 Oh, China’s suddenly hoarding all the masks.
    1:32:27 Interesting, so what do you think is gonna happen
    1:32:28 when there’s a war?
    1:32:30 Or they’re just gonna keep shipping the steel to us
    1:32:31 to make the battleships and the warplanes
    1:32:33 that we need to fight them?
    1:32:34 That’s what you think is gonna happen?
    1:32:37 This whole thing, this whole agenda
    1:32:39 is ideological insanity.
    1:32:41 And what Ed Miliband is about to do to this country
    1:32:43 when it comes to this issue,
    1:32:45 needs to talk about way more.
    1:32:47 And it is about economic prosperity.
    1:32:49 It is about housing because one of the reasons
    1:32:52 we don’t build as much housing as we need to,
    1:32:55 is again, building housing produces emissions.
    1:32:58 And we don’t wanna be not green,
    1:33:00 so that’s why people in their 30s and 40s
    1:33:03 are now living in flat shares for four people, right?
    1:33:06 We have got to let go of this obsession with net zero.
    1:33:08 We have got to build, we have got to drill,
    1:33:10 we have got to produce energy,
    1:33:12 and we have got to stop thinking
    1:33:14 that the moral thing to do
    1:33:17 is to make our poor citizens suffer
    1:33:21 in order that we feel good about saving the planet,
    1:33:24 which we’re not even remotely saving by doing this.
    1:33:26 – Guys, thank you so much for all of your perspective.
    1:33:28 One of the things I realized as you guys were talking is
    1:33:32 that you’re all fathers, and you’re all fathers of boys,
    1:33:34 although you’re fathers of boys at different ages.
    1:33:37 So I wanted to just give you all 30 seconds if you could,
    1:33:39 and this is maybe me asking for myself for this advice,
    1:33:41 but based on everything that’s happening in the world,
    1:33:44 which can feel incredibly confusing,
    1:33:45 especially to young people,
    1:33:47 where we’re getting a lot of our information
    1:33:48 from different echo chambers,
    1:33:51 what is the advice that you would all give
    1:33:56 to your young boys that would best prepare them
    1:33:58 for the future in the next couple of years,
    1:34:00 starting with you, Dan.
    1:34:02 – Yeah, so I’ve got a six-year-old daughter,
    1:34:05 a seven-year-old son, and a 10-year-old son.
    1:34:07 It’s an incredibly confusing time
    1:34:11 because preparing them for a world that’s fast-changing
    1:34:12 is difficult.
    1:34:16 We’re taking the approach of a lot of general knowledge
    1:34:19 across a lot of things so that you can use AI
    1:34:22 to run deep in different topics.
    1:34:23 We’re encouraging the kids to interact
    1:34:26 with supervised AI conversations
    1:34:29 and letting them know that that technology is available.
    1:34:33 We’re also just focusing on some manual skills,
    1:34:37 like how to fix a boiler and how to saw through some wood
    1:34:40 and those kind of things.
    1:34:45 And also, we’re doing things like acting classes,
    1:34:48 being up on a stage and performing.
    1:34:50 So all of those kind of typical things,
    1:34:55 but to be honest, it is a point of anxiety in my life
    1:34:59 just thinking about what the world looks like
    1:35:03 for 10 or 15 years from now,
    1:35:04 that they’re gonna be going into.
    1:35:06 So if you get clear answers on this,
    1:35:08 I’m really open to learning.
    1:35:11 – For me, my son’s two and a half,
    1:35:13 so it’s a little bit early for this pep talk,
    1:35:17 but my message to him when he’s old enough to hear it
    1:35:19 is gonna be this.
    1:35:22 Your grandfather, your great-grandfather,
    1:35:24 my grandfather was taken as a slave laborer
    1:35:27 from Soviet Ukraine to Nazi Germany.
    1:35:30 Your great-grandfather was born,
    1:35:34 your great-grandmother rather was born in the Soviet Gulag.
    1:35:37 Your great-grandmother lived through the German occupation
    1:35:39 and is now living through Vladimir Putin’s invasion
    1:35:40 of Ukraine.
    1:35:43 You are not living in the worst time ever.
    1:35:45 You’re surrounded by pussies.
    1:35:48 If you are a man and if you do your job
    1:35:50 and if you learn the skills that you need to do
    1:35:52 and if you pursue the things that you want to do
    1:35:54 with your life to the best of your ability,
    1:35:56 if you believe in yourself,
    1:35:58 if you believe that you’re talented,
    1:36:01 if you actually achieve the things that you set your mind to,
    1:36:04 there’s never been a better time in the history of humanity
    1:36:05 than now.
    1:36:07 You’re surrounded mostly by people
    1:36:08 who feel sorry for themselves.
    1:36:11 If you’re not one of them, you’re gonna clean up.
    1:36:14 Young women are looking for a young man like you
    1:36:16 who’s actually gonna stand up for himself,
    1:36:19 who’s actually gonna go out there and achieve and be confident.
    1:36:21 Be that and you’re gonna clean up
    1:36:24 when it comes to finding the right partner for yourself.
    1:36:27 You’re gonna clean up when it comes to making money.
    1:36:29 You’re gonna clean up when it comes to your career.
    1:36:30 You’re gonna clean up on every front
    1:36:32 ’cause the bar has never been lower.
    1:36:34 The bar has never been lower.
    1:36:38 So just go out and be a man and life is gonna be great.
    1:36:40 – I’m older.
    1:36:43 I have 14 and 17 year old boys and my observation is
    1:36:44 you can’t tell them anything.
    1:36:49 The best you can do is you can try and model behavior for them.
    1:36:52 So I’m trying to be really kind to their mother.
    1:36:55 I’m trying to show them that if you’re serious
    1:36:58 about having a good family,
    1:37:00 you gotta be a generous, loving partner.
    1:37:03 I’m trying to be in great physical shape
    1:37:05 and which is getting harder and harder.
    1:37:08 I’m trying to be aggressive around them
    1:37:12 in terms of business and trying to be kind.
    1:37:15 And what I do, I do talk to them
    1:37:17 about the concept of surplus value.
    1:37:19 I’m like, you’re takers right now.
    1:37:21 The UK school system, which is amazing,
    1:37:22 is investing a lot in you
    1:37:24 and you’re giving almost nothing back.
    1:37:26 I mean, your mother loving you a lot more
    1:37:28 than you’re loving us.
    1:37:30 You’re just taking resources everywhere.
    1:37:32 You’re a net negative.
    1:37:35 And your crossing of manhood is in sex
    1:37:37 or some religious ceremony.
    1:37:39 Your crossing of manhood is when you are start
    1:37:40 creating surplus value.
    1:37:44 You’re loving more people than you’re absorbing.
    1:37:47 You’re listening to more complaints than you are complaining.
    1:37:50 You’re creating more revenue than you’re absorbing.
    1:37:52 That’s the notion at surplus value.
    1:37:55 And I have this trick called what a man does.
    1:37:57 And I’ve been doing this when they’re kids
    1:37:59 and my guests show up, a man goes and gets their luggage
    1:38:01 and puts it in their room.
    1:38:03 A man’s constantly scanning the table
    1:38:05 for empty water glasses.
    1:38:08 And I mean, one of the proudest moments I ever had
    1:38:12 was when my six year old boy who was all like 30 pounds
    1:38:14 got up and went over to a gigantic pitcher of water
    1:38:17 at this table and started trying to pour other people’s water
    1:38:20 and everyone had no idea what was going on here.
    1:38:23 I do these things called what a man does.
    1:38:28 A man goes up to, a man asks a woman out for coffee.
    1:38:30 A man pays for women.
    1:38:32 I’m a sexist that way.
    1:38:35 I still have told my men, my son gave me this wrap on,
    1:38:37 “Dad, you’re so establishment.”
    1:38:39 I’m like, “Do you ever want to have sex?”
    1:38:41 I’m like, “Then you need to pay.”
    1:38:42 (laughing)
    1:38:44 I mean, that’s the bottom line.
    1:38:47 Anyways, but what I would say is I’m trying to model,
    1:38:52 I’m trying to model good behavior or be a good role model,
    1:38:56 but I agree with Constantine and Daniel.
    1:38:59 I think every day they have more potential
    1:39:02 to lead the most amazing life in history.
    1:39:03 I’m not a nihilist.
    1:39:04 I’m not a catastrophist.
    1:39:07 I think of big problems, but given the blessings
    1:39:10 of the sons born to these men in future,
    1:39:14 future sons of ELF Steven, Jesus, it’s good to be them.
    1:39:15 They have no excuse.
    1:39:18 They should rock on.
    1:39:20 They should have a wonderful life.
    1:39:22 – Constantine Scott, Daniel, thank you so much
    1:39:25 for taking the time, short notice to talk
    1:39:26 about all these subjects.
    1:39:27 It’s an incredibly wide-ranging conversation
    1:39:30 and you’ll bring such an interesting, hilarious,
    1:39:31 nuanced perspective to these issues.
    1:39:33 I’m glad that we can have these conversations
    1:39:36 and disagree in a respectful way.
    1:39:38 That hopefully clarifies a lot of the confusion
    1:39:39 that I experienced and a lot of people
    1:39:40 are experiencing at the moment.
    1:39:42 So thank you to all of you.
    1:39:43 I’m gonna link to all of your work on the screen.
    1:39:45 I know, Scott, you’ve got a book coming on masculinity,
    1:39:47 which we’re all very, very excited about.
    1:39:49 We’ve been waiting, it’s long overdue, please hurry up.
    1:39:50 Constantine, you’ve got an incredible podcast
    1:39:52 with your trigonometry, which I’m gonna link on the screen.
    1:39:55 And I suggest everybody goes and listens to
    1:39:56 and subscribes to if they’re looking
    1:39:57 for more of this stuff.
    1:39:59 And Daniel, you’ve just been on my show already,
    1:40:00 but your endless amount of books.
    1:40:02 And I think the best place to get more from you
    1:40:05 is your website, of course, the Daniel Priestley website,
    1:40:06 where you can find all of your books
    1:40:08 and all of your work and everything you’re doing there.
    1:40:09 Thank you, everybody.
    1:40:12 Really, really appreciative and incredibly grateful
    1:40:14 for taking part in our first little experiment
    1:40:16 of this kind, so, yeah.
    1:40:17 Thank you.
    1:40:19 (upbeat music)
    1:40:22 (upbeat music)
    1:40:24 (upbeat music)
    1:40:27 (upbeat music)
    1:40:30 (upbeat music)
    1:40:32 (upbeat music)
    1:40:35 (upbeat music)
    1:40:37 (upbeat music)
    1:40:40 (upbeat music)
    – Thế giới hiện tại hoàn toàn điên rồ. Đây là một trong những khoảnh khắc thú vị nhất của sự chuyển tiếp xã hội, văn hóa và kinh tế mà tôi từng thấy. Vì vậy, tôi muốn làm điều gì đó mà tôi chưa bao giờ làm trước đây. Tôi đã gọi ngay ba trong số những tiếng nói hàng đầu về các vấn đề xã hội, văn hóa, kinh doanh và kinh tế để cho họ bày tỏ quan điểm một cách không bị lọc và không bị kiểm duyệt, để chúng ta có thể hiểu rõ về tất cả sự điên rồ này đang diễn ra trước mắt chúng ta. Họ không phải lúc nào cũng đồng ý với nhau, nhưng hôm nay họ sẽ tranh luận để xem liệu họ có thể đồng ý về điều gì đó hay không. Chúng ta sẽ thảo luận về nền kinh tế, Trump, Elon Musk, EEI, kiểm duyệt, chủ nghĩa thức tỉnh, và lý do tại sao rất nhiều đàn ông đang chật vật. Tại sao hàng chục nghìn triệu phú đang chạy trốn khỏi Vương quốc Anh? Sự thật đáng sợ và cơ hội trong AI. Và tôi hỏi tất cả họ, điều gì là quan trọng nhất vào năm 2025 mà không ai đang nói đến? Với mục tiêu đạt được sự rõ ràng, đồng thuận và có những tràng cười trong quá trình này. Đây là tập phim mà có lẽ bạn không biết mình cần. (nhạc tương lai) Tôi thấy thật sự thú vị rằng khi chúng ta nhìn vào mặt sau của Spotify và Apple và các kênh âm thanh của chúng tôi, phần lớn mọi người xem podcast này vẫn chưa nhấn nút theo dõi hay nút đăng ký ở bất cứ đâu bạn đang nghe điều này. Tôi muốn làm một thỏa thuận với bạn. Nếu bạn có thể giúp tôi một việc lớn và nhấn nút đăng ký, tôi sẽ làm việc không ngừng nghỉ từ bây giờ cho đến mãi mãi để làm chương trình ngày càng tốt hơn. Tôi không thể nói với bạn rằng việc bạn nhấn nút đăng ký giúp ích nhiều như thế nào. Chương trình trở nên lớn hơn, có nghĩa là chúng tôi có thể mở rộng sản xuất, đưa vào tất cả các khách mời mà bạn muốn gặp, và tiếp tục làm những điều mà chúng tôi yêu thích. Nếu bạn có thể giúp tôi một việc nhỏ và nhấn nút theo dõi, ở bất cứ đâu bạn đang nghe điều này, điều đó sẽ là vô cùng ý nghĩa với tôi. Đó là việc duy nhất tôi sẽ bao giờ yêu cầu bạn. Cảm ơn bạn rất nhiều vì thời gian của bạn. Quay lại tập phim này. (nhạc tương lai) – Các bạn là ba trong những bình luận viên tốt nhất, những người ăn nói lưu loát nhất mà tôi biết, và cũng có kinh nghiệm rộng lớn nhất và tôi nghĩ có cả bối cảnh chính trị thú vị. Vì vậy, tôi muốn nói chuyện với các bạn về mọi thứ đang diễn ra trên thế giới. Và tôi muốn hỏi các bạn một số câu hỏi ngớ ngẩn mà tôi tự suy ngẫm một mình và với những người bạn ngốc nghếch và nhóm WhatsApp của tôi. Tôi cảm thấy rằng thế giới đang ở một thời điểm thực sự chuyển tiếp trên nhiều phương diện. Như chuyển tiếp xã hội, chuyển tiếp văn hóa, chuyển tiếp kinh tế. Và tôi nghĩ rằng Mỹ đã là một chất xúc tác cho tất cả điều đó. Đó là lý do tôi muốn có cuộc trò chuyện này hôm nay. Chúng ta có một người Mỹ ở đây, tôi nghĩ Scott là người Mỹ duy nhất ở đây. Chúng ta có Constantine, chúng ta có Daniel, hai người Anh, nhưng cũng dành nhiều thời gian giữa Mỹ nữa. Vì vậy, tôi muốn đến với Scott trước và hỏi Scott một câu hỏi, đó là một câu hỏi rất lớn và rộng, từ góc nhìn của bạn, Scott, bạn biết đấy, khi tôi nói về cảm giác chuyển tiếp này, mà dường như nó gần như nằm trong lồng ngực tôi rằng chúng ta đang ở một thời điểm lịch sử thực sự. Phân tích của bạn về điều này là gì? Bức tranh lớn ở đây là gì? Những gì đã xảy ra trong ba, bốn, năm, sáu, bảy tháng qua? Và điều đó sẽ ảnh hưởng đến tất cả chúng ta trên thế giới như thế nào? – Vâng, nếu bạn nghĩ rằng Mỹ đang đặt ra tông màu, về mặt kinh tế, và có thể cả văn hóa cho phương Tây, chắc chắn có một sự quay trở lại, mọi người cảm thấy rằng, “cái gọi là” chủ nghĩa thức tỉnh, và tôi không thích sử dụng từ đó, nhưng tôi sẽ sử dụng nó ở đây, là một sự điều chỉnh thái quá đối với sự phân biệt chủng tộc hệ thống, và rồi nó bắt đầu gây ra nhiều thiệt hại hơn là nó đã từng, hoặc gây ra nhiều vấn đề hơn là nó đang giải quyết. Và tôi nghĩ rằng đã có một sự lùi lại nghiêm trọng, nếu bạn muốn, cho dù đó là hành động hành pháp, tuyên bố biên giới là tình trạng khẩn cấp, những thứ xung quanh việc nói rằng giới tính là một thứ, có nam và nữ. Và hầu hết những vấn đề này, thực tế là công chúng Mỹ hỗ trợ, tôi sẽ nói ở một mức độ hoài nghi hơn, Mỹ đã từng là một nền tảng cho thịnh vượng, bảo vệ quyền dân sự, sự ủng hộ quyền phụ nữ và dân chủ ở nước ngoài. Và tôi sẽ lập luận rằng có vẻ như là một sự chuyển tiếp rất nhanh đến gần như tôi gọi nó là một chế độ tham nhũng, nhưng nước Mỹ đã trở thành một nền tảng để có được của cải và sau đó khai thác những của cải đó như một phương tiện hay một ủy quyền cho quyền lực. Và ví dụ điển hình nhất về điều đó là việc phát hành hai đồng tiền meme, đồng Trump và đồng Melania, ngày trước khi tổng thống, đến mức mà cuộc trò chuyện này có thể đã diễn ra hoặc có thể xảy ra trong tuần này và tôi sẽ dừng lại ở đây. Tổng thống Trump, đây là Vlad, chúng tôi đang nghĩ về việc ổn định đồng tiền của mình hoặc cố gắng gửi dòng chảy của các dự trữ của chúng tôi. Vì vậy, chúng tôi đang nghĩ về việc đổ vào khoảng 600 tỷ rúp vào đồng Trump, mà theo ước tính của tôi là một nhà kinh tế, sẽ đưa giá trị của nó lên một vốn hóa thị trường khoảng 20 hoặc 30 tỷ đô la, làm cho bạn trở thành một trong những người giàu nhất thế giới, ông Trump, và sẽ không có gì trong số này có thể được tiết lộ hoặc minh bạch. Cũng trong những tin tức không liên quan, chúng tôi thực sự đánh giá cao nếu bạn có thể ngăn chặn các lô hàng vũ khí đến Ukraine. – Vậy tôi nghĩ rằng chúng ta đã đi đến một chế độ tham nhũng hoàn toàn là cách tôi sẽ mô tả điều đó. – Bạn có lạc quan không, Scott? – Vâng, tôi là một người luôn nhìn vào nửa ly rỗng. Tôi không, không biết có phải tôi đang già đi hay không, nhưng không, tôi không thấy một người đàn ông bị kết án vì lạm dụng tình dục hoặc bị phát hiện có trách nhiệm đã khơi dậy một cuộc nổi dậy lại chiếm Nhà Trắng như là biểu tượng ánh sáng cho trải nghiệm Mỹ. – Constantine, tôi nghi ngờ rằng bạn sẽ có một quan điểm hơi khác về tất cả những điều đã nêu trên. Bạn cảm thấy như thế nào về những gì đã xảy ra hôm qua? Bạn có xem lễ nhậm chức không? Bức tranh lớn của bạn, cái nhìn 30.000 feet là gì? – Tôi nghĩ rằng việc dự đoán mạnh mẽ về những gì sẽ xảy ra trong sáu đến bảy tháng tới là vô cùng thiếu khôn ngoan.
    Tôi thật sự nghĩ rằng những gì mà nước Mỹ đã trải qua trong cuộc bầu cử và cuộc bầu cử của Donald Trump đại diện cho điều mà chúng ta ở Vương quốc Anh không có, đó là sự lựa chọn. Họ đã có một sự lựa chọn rất rõ ràng giữa hai quan điểm rất khác nhau về thế giới, giữa hai cách tiếp cận rất khác nhau, giữa hai ứng cử viên rất khác nhau. Cuối cùng, những chỉ trích đối với Tổng thống Trump là cần thiết và hợp pháp, điều đó là đương nhiên. Nhưng rốt cuộc, tôi tin rằng sau khi đã dành rất nhiều thời gian ở Mỹ vào thời điểm bầu cử và cũng như chung chung, cùng với việc đi khắp nước Mỹ thực sự, không chỉ ở DC, LA và New York, lý do mà ông ấy được bầu là vì người dân Mỹ không sẵn sàng chấp nhận những gì mà người châu Âu đã quyết định rằng họ sẵn sàng chấp nhận, đó là sự suy giảm dần dần. Người dân Mỹ không muốn đất nước của họ trở nên yếu đuối hơn. Họ không muốn nó trở nên nghèo hơn. Họ không muốn làm cho những công dân khác trong nước nghèo đi thông qua chính sách phát thải ròng bằng không. Điều họ muốn là đất nước của họ vĩ đại, đất nước của họ hùng mạnh, đất nước của họ có ảnh hưởng. Những thực tế kinh tế đối với hầu hết người Mỹ không thực sự phản ánh trong các con số mà chúng ta được cho biết. Vì vậy, khi mọi người nói về lạm phát, thực tế của cuộc sống hàng ngày của mọi người là chi phí sinh hoạt đã tăng lên rất, rất nhiều trong vài năm qua. Và điều đó không phải lúc nào cũng được phản ánh trực tiếp trong con số lạm phát tổng thể mà chúng ta thấy, vì một số thứ có ảnh hưởng lớn hơn nhiều trong đời sống của mọi người hơn những thứ khác. Và vì vậy, liệu quyết định bầu Tổng thống Trump có dẫn đến điều tích cực này mà đáng ra phải có nhiều sự lạc quan hay không là một vấn đề của bốn năm tiếp theo. Chúng ta có thấy một nhiệm kỳ tổng thống thực sự thực hiện mọi điều mà nó hứa hẹn không? Và nhân tiện, nếu bạn nhìn vào những điều mà Donald Trump đang hứa hẹn, tôi nghĩ rằng dù bạn thuộc cánh tả hay cánh hữu, bạn phải thừa nhận rằng đó là những điều đáng làm. Có một biên giới an toàn để mọi người không thể vào đất nước của bạn một cách hợp pháp là nghĩa vụ cơ bản của chính phủ. Sự thịnh vượng kinh tế là nghĩa vụ cơ bản của chính phủ. Rút Mỹ ra khỏi một loại tư thế đồng thời vừa hung hãn vừa yếu trên toàn cầu, nơi mà Mỹ kiểu như nói, “Vâng, vâng, chúng ta sẽ tham gia vào những xung đột nước ngoài này, nhưng chúng ta thực sự sẽ không giúp Ukraine thắng cuộc chiến đó.” Là một vị trí ngốc nghếch ở cả hai phía. Về tất cả những điều này, và dĩ nhiên, Scott đã đề cập đến vấn đề thức tỉnh. Tôi nghĩ rằng ông ấy hoàn toàn đúng khi nói rằng đang có một phản ứng mạnh mẽ đang diễn ra trên toàn thế giới vì rất nhiều người hoàn toàn không quan tâm đến chính trị cho đến ba hoặc bốn năm qua, hoặc có thể là cho đến năm 2016, cảm thấy rằng thế giới đã phát điên và đột nhiên họ phải giả vờ rằng đàn ông có thể thay đổi giới tính và trở thành phụ nữ, và giờ họ có quyền ở trong các nhà tù nữ. Và nếu thanh thiếu niên của bạn nói rằng họ là giới tính đối lập, bạn phải cắt bỏ ngực của họ. Và tất cả những thứ khác mà người bình thường chỉ nhìn vào và nói, “Điều này thật điên rồ. Tôi là người tự do, nhưng điều này không phải là tự do. Đây là một điều kỳ quặc nào đó đang diễn ra.” Và tôi thấy sự phản ứng đối với tất cả những điều đó ở khắp mọi nơi trên thế giới phương Tây. Và tôi nghĩ rằng Donald Trump biểu thị rằng mọi người đã ngán ngẩm với điều đó. Tôi đã cảnh báo trong một thời gian rất dài rằng nếu cánh tả thức tỉnh tiếp tục áp dụng mức độ ảnh hưởng này lên cuộc tranh luận công cộng của chúng ta, phản ứng sẽ là sự trỗi dậy của cánh hữu. Và Donald Trump là một trong những phiên bản hòa bình và ngoại giao nhất mà bạn có thể thấy nếu cánh tả tiếp tục điên cuồng. Chúng ta sẽ thấy những thách thức gì mà thế giới đặt ra cho ông ấy trong bốn năm tới và liệu ông ấy có đủ khả năng để đáp ứng với chúng không.
    – Scott, theo bạn, cánh tả đã đánh mất phương hướng chưa? Nếu có, điều đó đã xảy ra như thế nào? Và chỉ để phản hồi về một số điểm của Constantine về việc Trump là người tốt nhất trong một loại tập thể cánh hữu, liệu chúng ta có thấy các tư tưởng cánh hữu lan rộng khắp thế giới phương Tây trong những năm tới không? Cái nhìn của bạn về tất cả những điều trên là gì?
    – Bạn chắc chắn, bạn biết đấy, chúng tôi, những người Dân chủ, chúng tôi có những điểm đúng và rồi chúng tôi đi quá xa. Vì vậy, tôi nhìn vào, tôi là một giáo sư tại một khuôn viên. DEI, 60 năm trước, có 12 người da đen ở Princeton, Yellen, Harvard cộng lại. Đó là một vấn đề. Hành động khẳng định trên cơ sở chủng tộc là điều có lý. Năm nay, hơn một nửa lớp sinh viên năm nhất của Harvard không xác định là người da trắng. Nhưng 70% trong số những người không phải da trắng đó đến từ các gia đình có thu nhập đôi trong nhóm thu nhập cao nhất. Khoảng cách học thuật giữa người da đen và người da trắng trước đây gấp đôi so với khoảng cách giữa người giàu và người nghèo. Giờ thì đã đảo ngược. Vì vậy, DEI là một ý tưởng tốt mà thành thực mà nói đã trở nên điên cuồng và giờ chỉ đại diện cho cùng một loại phân biệt chủng tộc mà nó cố gắng để xóa bỏ. Vì vậy, và sau đó chúng tôi đã tạo ra hai ứng cử viên mà là những ứng cử viên duy nhất có thể làm cho nhau khả thi. Phó Tổng thống Harris, với những tình huống mà bà phải đối phó, đã làm hết khả năng của mình. Tôi nghĩ Tổng thống Biden nên bị chôn vào một cái hầm của những kẻ tự mãn có quyền lợi đã quyết định rằng việc lật ngược cam kết của mình để trở thành một ứng cử viên chuyển tiếp là hợp lý và đã đưa chúng ta đến thời điểm bầu cử kiểu Anh ở phía Dân chủ trong một thị trường mà chúng ta cần thời gian và tiền bạc. Vì vậy, đó không phải là, chúng tôi đã không có một ứng cử viên xuất sắc. Có một sự trở lại dễ hiểu từ những gì là một sự hiệu chỉnh quá mức xung quanh một số vấn đề này. Bạn biết đấy, các bậc phụ huynh, chúng tôi đã tạo ra cho họ một vấn đề lớn với quyền của người chuyển giới. Có hàng trăm, có nhiều tay chơi hơn ở California hơn cả người chuyển giới. Và thế nhưng đảng Dân chủ đã quyết định liên kết điều đó với phong trào quyền dân sự và nghĩ rằng điều đó là ổn cho một người phụ nữ đã chuyển đổi giới tính để tham gia một cuộc bơi đạp xe và về đích trước mọi người năm phút. Và sau đó chúng ta lại tất cả đồng tình với nhau và quyết định rằng điều đó là đầy cảm hứng.
    Và các bậc phụ huynh trên khắp đất nước đang nói rằng, những gì đã xảy ra, bạn biết đấy, chúng ta thực sự đã phát điên. Nơi mà tôi không đồng ý một chút với Constantine là việc Mỹ đã chọn tăng trưởng kinh tế và thịnh vượng. Có 190 quốc gia có chủ quyền trên thế giới. 189 quốc gia sẽ đổi vị trí với Mỹ trong bốn năm qua. Chúng ta đã đạt 71 đỉnh cao kỷ lục mới trên thị trường. 97% của tất cả AI, chúng ta đã tạo ra nhiều vốn hóa thị trường hơn và trong phạm vi bán kính bảy dặm từ SFO International Airport hơn là những gì châu Âu tạo ra trong 20 năm qua. Chúng ta có tỷ lệ lạm phát thấp nhất trong G7. Chúng ta có mức tăng trưởng cao nhất. Chúng ta đã tăng trưởng 10% kể từ năm 2020. Đó là gấp ba lần mức độ của châu Âu. Biden không thể truyền đạt hiệu quả bất kỳ điều nào trong số đó vì có một động lực tâm lý rằng khi mức lương của bạn tăng lên, bạn sẽ ghi nhận nghị lực và tính cách của chính mình. Và khi giá ngũ cốc tăng lên, bạn lại đổ lỗi cho tổng thống. Bây giờ, tương tự như tương lai, hay cách mà William Gibson mô tả về tương lai, nó ở đây, chỉ có điều chưa được phân phối đồng đều. Thịnh vượng là chưa từng có ở Mỹ trong bốn năm qua. Nó chỉ không được phân phối đồng đều. Nói vậy, ở Mỹ bạn có thể ngừng làm việc vào tháng Tám và bạn đã sản xuất nhiều hơn và kiếm được nhiều tiền hơn so với cả năm ở châu Âu. Và mọi thứ đã trở nên tốt hơn. Nó cho biết mọi thứ kém tồi tệ hơn so với bất kỳ nơi nào trên thế giới ở Mỹ. Biden không thể truyền đạt điều đó và sau đó nói về việc nền kinh tế tuyệt vời như thế nào khi giá thuê nhà tăng vọt, học phí cũng đang tăng lên. Đó là một chiến lược không hiệu quả, nhưng tôi không nghĩ rằng công bằng khi nói rằng người Mỹ đã chọn thịnh vượng. Chúng ta có thịnh vượng. Tôi sẽ lập luận rằng một cách thẳng thắn, một số lý tưởng của Đảng Cộng hòa là về chi tiêu thâm hụt, mà chỉ là thuế cho các thế hệ tương lai được rút lên phía trước. Ý tôi là, chúng ta sẽ thấy điều đó hoạt động như thế nào, nhưng các chính sách đặc trưng của ông ấy kiềm chế nhập cư, thuế quan, những thứ này gây ra lạm phát mạnh mẽ. Vì vậy, nó liên tục là đúng, sẽ khó khăn. Bạn không biết điều gì sẽ xảy ra, nhưng tôi cảm thấy rằng, tôi sẽ lập luận rằng cuộc hẹn yêu thích của tôi trong chính quyền Trump trong số những người trưởng thành trong phòng là trái phiếu 10 năm, cái mà sẽ nói rằng, xin lỗi, bạn gái, khi tôi tin rằng tổng thống cố gắng thực hiện một số chính sách kinh tế này. – Constantine, điều đó có đúng không? Bởi vì điều tôi nghe là thực tế rằng Trump đã có một chiến dịch tiếp thị tốt hơn. Và thực tế đó có phần khác với những gì người Mỹ đã được bán trong chu kỳ bầu cử vừa qua. – Chà, chính trị là về tiếp thị và Trump là người tiếp thị chính. Ông ấy rất giỏi trong việc xây dựng thương hiệu và bán ý tưởng. Và phần nào đó, chính trị là như vậy. Nhưng về mặt kinh tế, tôi nghĩ Scott hoàn toàn đúng. Đó là một trong những lý do tôi rất ngưỡng mộ Mỹ, cảm giác năng động và tăng trưởng kinh tế và mong muốn tạo ra và xây dựng mọi thứ. Đó là quan sát tôi đã có mỗi lần tôi có mặt ở đó. Nếu bạn có một nhà hàng thành công ở Anh, bạn sẽ nói, ồ, tôi có một nhà hàng thành công. Ở Mỹ, nếu bạn có một nhà hàng thành công, bạn mở một nhà hàng thứ hai và một nhà hàng thứ ba và bạn tạo ra một chuỗi, đúng không? Vì vậy, thái độ của họ đối với kinh doanh nói chung là tuyệt vời và tôi yêu điều đó. Nhưng tôi nghĩ sự khác biệt là tôi không nghĩ người Mỹ đang so sánh nền kinh tế Mỹ dưới Joe Biden với các nền kinh tế châu Âu. Họ đang so sánh nền kinh tế Mỹ dưới Joe Biden với nền kinh tế Mỹ dưới Donald Trump trong nhiệm kỳ đầu tiên của ông ấy và cũng là những gì họ mong đợi ông ấy sẽ làm cho tương lai, khi họ nhìn vào thực tế rằng ông ấy có những nhà lãnh đạo doanh nghiệp thực sự trong chính phủ bây giờ, như Vivek Ramaswamy và Elon Musk đang nói về hiệu quả của chính phủ. Chúng ta phải thừa nhận rằng tất cả các quốc gia phương Tây đều có một bộ máy công vụ bị phình to một cách đáng kể, cái mà chúng ta gọi là bộ máy công vụ ở Anh và nhà nước hành chính ở Mỹ, cái đã lãng phí một lượng tiền khổng lồ mà sản xuất rất ít về sản lượng trong nhiều trường hợp và cần phải được tinh gọn lại và tôi nghĩ mọi người rất hào hứng về điều đó. Khi tôi nói chuyện với các nhà lãnh đạo doanh nghiệp ở Mỹ, bao gồm cả những người chưa bao giờ đứng về phía Trump, nói cách khác, rất nhiều trong số họ đã chuyển sang phía ông ấy trong chu kỳ bầu cử này vì họ chỉ cảm thấy rằng ông ấy sẽ tiếp tục tăng tốc tăng trưởng của Mỹ và tiếp tục mang lại thịnh vượng cho người Mỹ. Bây giờ, điểm của Scott về thuế quan và tất cả những điều khác. Tôi đã nghe Donald Trump đủ lâu để biết rằng bạn không nhất thiết phải, không nên nhất thiết phải hiểu ông ấy theo nghĩa đen. Tôi nghĩ nhiều điều ông ấy nói là chiến thuật thương lượng và tín hiệu. Vì vậy, khi ông ấy nói, tôi sẽ xây dựng cái này hoặc làm cái đó hoặc làm cái này, bạn phải hiểu điều đó một cách tinh tế. Khi ông ấy nói, bạn biết đấy, điều này sẽ là điều tồi tệ nhất, bạn chỉ cần nghĩ rằng ông ấy đang nói với mọi người rằng, giống như bạn nên làm việc với tôi, nếu không, điều này sẽ không diễn ra tốt đẹp cho bạn. Trên tất cả những điều này. Và vì vậy vẫn còn phải xem liệu ông ấy có thành công trong những chiến thuật đó để có được những gì ông ấy muốn không. Nhìn chung, Mỹ sẽ luôn là một xã hội không bình đẳng. Nó được thiết kế theo cách mà điều đó sẽ xảy ra. Ở Mỹ, trọng tâm là làm thế nào để mở rộng chiếc bánh? Ở châu Âu, trọng tâm là làm thế nào để chia nhỏ nó ra để mọi người đều có phần công bằng của mình, đúng không? Vì vậy, người Mỹ là về việc mở rộng chiếc bánh và sau đó những người nướng bánh sẽ lấy càng nhiều càng tốt. Nhưng câu hỏi là, có thể nào có một cảm giác ở Mỹ rằng giấc mơ Mỹ vẫn còn sống, rằng bạn không phải làm ba công việc trong nền kinh tế gig để trả tiền thuê nhà, rằng bạn sẽ có khả năng mua một ngôi nhà, rằng bạn sẽ có khả năng có con, rằng bạn sẽ có khả năng nuôi một gia đình, có lẽ chỉ với một nguồn thu nhập, điều mà hầu hết mọi người chỉ mơ ước ngày nay. Đó thực sự là điều mà toàn bộ cuộc trò chuyện về kinh tế này đang hướng tới.
    Và chúng ta sẽ thấy trong bốn năm tới
    liệu Donald Trump có thể thay đổi
    một chút nào đó trong hướng đi
    về những điều mà thực sự người Mỹ thế hệ tôi
    và những người lớn tuổi hơn đã xem là điều hiển nhiên
    như lời hứa của đất nước mà họ sống trong đó.
    – Tôi đã suy nghĩ rất nhiều về điều này trong vài tuần qua,
    đặc biệt là vì chúng ta nghe thấy những tiêu đề lớn
    trên các tờ báo quốc gia ở Vương quốc Anh
    rằng những triệu phú đang rời bỏ Vương quốc Anh với số lượng kỷ lục.
    Tôi nghĩ có 10,800 triệu phú đã rời đi năm ngoái,
    tăng khoảng 160% so với năm trước.
    Và tâm lý chung
    về lòng tin vào kinh doanh ở Vương quốc Anh
    đang ở mức thấp nhất trong nhiều năm.
    Tôi nghĩ đây là mức thấp nhất kể từ sau đại dịch,
    có một tổ chức, tôi nghĩ là Viện Kế toán,
    họ gọi điện cho một ngàn kế toán viên mỗi năm
    và họ thực hiện một cuộc khảo sát để xem mức độ tin tưởng
    của họ vào kinh doanh ở quốc gia này như thế nào.
    Và nó đã giảm 14 điểm, xuống còn 0.2% lòng tin
    về kinh doanh.
    Nhưng có một câu chuyện lớn hơn
    đang nổi lên giữa các bạn tôi là doanh nhân
    rằng nếu bạn muốn khởi nghiệp ngay bây giờ,
    nơi tốt nhất để ở trên thế giới là ở Mỹ.
    Chính là việc di chuyển đến Mỹ và rời khỏi Vương quốc Anh.
    Bây giờ, Dan, điều đó phù hợp như thế nào,
    tôi biết bạn có một chương trình tăng tốc,
    bạn nói chuyện với rất nhiều doanh nhân.
    Điều đó so sánh hay tương phản
    với những gì bạn đang thấy tại thời điểm này như thế nào?
    – Vâng, 100%, giá trị đề xuất cho Vương quốc Anh
    đã giảm xuống mức thấp, thuế suất rất cao.
    Hệ sinh thái kinh doanh đang trong tình trạng suy giảm.
    Một số người thông minh nhất hiện đang ở Dubai.
    Một số nhà sáng tạo tuyệt vời mà tôi biết đã chuyển tới Singapore,
    Hồng Kông, Dubai, nhiều người đang đến Mỹ.
    Vì vậy, nếu mọi người quan tâm đến những thị trường lớn hơn
    và những cơ hội lớn hơn, họ sẽ tìm đến Mỹ.
    Nếu họ quan tâm đến thuế thấp
    và những cơ hội bên lề hơn, họ sẽ ở Trung Đông.
    Và về cơ bản, Vương quốc Anh chưa tìm được chỗ đứng
    trong thế giới.
    Tôi nghĩ có ba mô hình kinh doanh
    mà Vương quốc Anh có thể hướng tới, đó là hoặc là văn phòng chính của châu Âu,
    mà chúng tôi đã từng là khi còn trong EU,
    và mọi người thường đến đây để xây dựng một doanh nghiệp châu Âu.
    Chúng tôi có thể là văn phòng backend của Mỹ.
    Vì vậy, là nơi ươm mầm cho Mỹ,
    rất nhiều công ty thông minh đạt được giá trị 50 triệu đầu tiên
    ở đây tại Vương quốc Anh
    và sau đó bán cho một công ty cổ phần tư nhân của Mỹ
    hoặc một công ty niêm yết tại Mỹ.
    Và rất nhiều công ty Mỹ hiện thực sự đang đến đây
    để săn lùng tài năng hoặc thuê ngoài các việc ra Vương quốc Anh
    với chi phí rẻ hơn so với họ có thể làm ở Mỹ.
    Mức lương ở Vương quốc Anh thấp hơn rất nhiều
    so với những gì bạn sẽ trả ở Mỹ,
    đặc biệt trong các vai trò công nghệ.
    Vì vậy, những người thông minh ở Vương quốc Anh đang bị định giá thấp.
    Và sau đó, lựa chọn thứ ba sẽ là
    trở thành một thiên đường thuế độc lập
    và đi theo mô hình tội phạm thấp, thuế thấp của Dubai, Singapore,
    bạn biết đấy, những loại tùy chọn đó.
    Vì vậy, chúng tôi vẫn chưa chọn một trong ba điều đó.
    Chúng tôi vẫn đang, bạn biết đấy, tất cả những năm sau Brexit
    và chúng tôi vẫn chưa nói mô hình nào trong ba mô hình đó mà chúng tôi muốn áp dụng.
    – Scott, bạn đã chuyển đến đây một vài năm trước tại Vương quốc Anh.
    Và mặc dù mọi thứ đang diễn ra ở Vương quốc Anh,
    bạn vẫn lạc quan về việc đây là nơi
    cho kinh doanh và khởi nghiệp sao?
    – Tôi đã xem xét một số số liệu
    trước khi chúng ta bắt đầu cuộc trò chuyện này
    xung quanh những lĩnh vực chính mà tôi quan tâm.
    Các số liệu kinh doanh mà tôi đã đề cập ở đó,
    sự sụt giảm lòng tin vào kinh doanh,
    sự ra đi của các doanh nhân mà chúng ta đang thấy,
    nhưng những thứ như tội phạm bằng dao ở Vương quốc Anh đã tăng 81%
    trong thập kỷ qua,
    điều này tôi nghĩ có thể là triệu chứng của một điều gì đó khác.
    Và một trong những vấn đề lớn mà tôi suy nghĩ nhiều
    như một doanh nhân hiện tại là trí tuệ nhân tạo.
    Và đầu tư của chúng tôi vào trí tuệ nhân tạo
    từ góc độ toàn cầu đã giảm khoảng 2,000%
    so với một quốc gia như Mỹ.
    Vì vậy, bạn đã chuyển đến đây, bạn đã mang gia đình bạn đến đây.
    Bạn có lạc quan về Vương quốc Anh so với Mỹ
    từ góc độ của một doanh nhân không?
    – Vì vậy, câu hỏi mà tôi thường nhận được khi tôi nói chuyện ở đây
    là so sánh và tương phản giữa Mỹ và Vương quốc Anh.
    Và tôi sử dụng một câu chuyện cá nhân.
    Cha mẹ tôi đã nhập cư vào Mỹ từ Glasgow và London
    khi họ 19 và 22 tuổi, họ đã chấp nhận những rủi ro lớn.
    Tôi đã là một doanh nhân cả đời.
    Tôi thích nghĩ rằng đó là rất nhiều thành công của tôi và cũng là lỗi của tôi
    khi tôi thừa hưởng loại DNA dám mạo hiểm đó.
    Và khi tôi nói chuyện với mọi người ở Vương quốc Anh,
    tôi nói sự khác biệt chủ yếu là bạn là những người ở lại.
    Và điều đó tóm lại là một khẩu vị rủi ro.
    Mỹ có gấp năm lần số doanh nhân trên đầu người.
    Nó có gấp năm lần khối lượng dollar cho mỗi công ty khởi nghiệp.
    Có 5 triệu đô la trong vốn mạo hiểm
    đang chờ được phân bổ cho mỗi công ty khởi nghiệp
    ở Mỹ so với một triệu ở châu Âu.
    Tôi thích những gì Constantine đã nói về một nhà hàng.
    Tôi đã đến một nhà hàng nhỏ tuyệt vời
    và vài tuần trước có tên là Dig In.
    Và tôi thích nó đến mức, tôi đã để lại thẻ của mình và nói,
    bạn có thể cho tôi gặp chủ không?
    Tôi muốn mở thêm một cái nữa, anh ấy có cần tiền không?
    Tôi sẽ không, tôi chỉ sẽ không bao giờ làm điều đó ở đây.
    Tôi nghĩ đó là một cái nhìn rất thú vị
    và sự va chạm giữa mạo hiểm, những ý tưởng điên rồ
    mà thỉnh thoảng trở thành thiên tài điên rồ
    và công nghệ và sở hữu trí tuệ
    và các trường đại học vĩ đại dẫn đến một công ty
    không ai biết đến cách đây năm năm
    có giá trị hơn toàn bộ thị trường chứng khoán Vương quốc Anh tại Vidya.
    Vì vậy, có một sự khác biệt rất lớn.
    Cách mà tôi tóm tắt ấn tượng của mình
    về nền kinh tế Vương quốc Anh, tôi sẽ chỉ nói London,
    tôi không có kinh nghiệm về nó.
    Tôi không đi đâu mà không phải trong khoảng cách đi bộ
    từ Marlborough và vì vậy cái bong bóng của tôi khá mờ mịt.
    Nhưng cách tôi sẽ mô tả nền kinh tế ở đây
    là tôi thích thuật ngữ nền kinh tế người phục vụ
    và đó là tất cả tiền bạc tôi thấy được tạo ra ở đây
    là những người phục vụ cho tài sản được tạo ra ở nơi khác.
    Xin chào, bạn đang làm trong lĩnh vực dịch vụ tài chính, phục vụ cho những người giàu có, hoặc là bạn đang mở một nhà hàng hay dịch vụ khách sạn phục vụ cho những người này, nhưng tôi không thấy nhiều việc tạo ra tài sản một cách tự nhiên. Tôi đã phỏng vấn hai “nhà phát minh” AI ở một trong những trường đại học danh tiếng của bạn. Câu hỏi đầu tiên của tôi là, làm thế nào mà các bạn không thể kiếm được tiền nếu các bạn phát minh ra AI? Tại sao các bạn không thể thu được bất kỳ khoản tiền nào? Nhưng chỉ để cho thính giả của bạn biết, tôi tóm tắt kỹ về châu Âu so với Mỹ sau 35 năm vừa qua là Mỹ vẫn là nơi tốt nhất để kiếm tiền và châu Âu vẫn là nơi tốt nhất để tiêu tiền.
    – Đây có phải là một quốc gia đang thất bại không, Scott?
    – Tôi nghĩ bạn có quá nhiều điều tốt đẹp để có thể được mô tả như một quốc gia thất bại. Bạn vẫn có những trường đại học tuyệt vời. London vẫn là thành phố thứ hai tốt nhất thế giới. Premier League, đó là một sản phẩm xuất khẩu không thể tin được. Tôi biết việc đó nghe có vẻ ngớ ngẩn. Mọi người muốn ở đây. Luật pháp và quy tắc vẫn được tôn trọng. Bạn vẫn sản xuất ra những bản rock and roll tuyệt vời. Tôi chỉ không thấy làm thế nào mà bạn có thể nói điều này là thất bại. Tôi sẽ tranh luận rằng chỉ đứng sau sự can thiệp của chúng ta vào Iraq, vết thương tự gây ra lớn nhất là Brexit. Như là, một người Mỹ không thể hiểu lý do bạn quyết định tăng giá trong khi giảm năng suất trong một cú đúp. Thật khó cho chúng tôi để hiểu một số quyết định kinh tế mà Vương quốc Anh đã đưa ra. Nhưng tôi nghĩ nhiều người đang đặt cược hoặc hy vọng rằng Vương quốc Anh sẽ bắt đầu phát triển trở lại. Vì vậy, ở một khía cạnh nào đó, tôi hơi … tôi sẽ nói rằng tôi khá lạc quan về Vương quốc Anh. Tôi nghĩ rằng vào một thời điểm nào đó, nó sẽ ghi nhận, nó sẽ bắt đầu chiếm lĩnh vị trí mà nó lẽ ra phải chiếm giữ, nếu bạn muốn.
    – Constantine, tôi cũng muốn hỏi bạn câu hỏi tương tự. Bạn có nghĩ rằng Vương quốc Anh là một quốc gia thất bại và Scott mô tả những vết thương tự gây ra ở đó không? Tôi đã nghe bạn nói về những vết thương tự gây ra khi bạn nói rộng hơn về phương Tây và những gì phương Tây cần làm để thay đổi. Và cũng thêm một điểm thứ ba liên quan đến điều này, Elon Musk đã bắt đầu quan tâm đặc biệt đến Vương quốc Anh trong tháng qua, và dường như ông ấy đã bắt đầu mô tả đất nước này trực tuyến như một quốc gia thất bại. Bạn nghĩ sao về điều này?
    – Vâng, tôi rất vui vì bạn đã hỏi tôi về Elon Musk vì điều tôi yêu thích nhất về truyền thông là họ đang có một sự tan vỡ lớn về việc, ôi không, những người Mỹ này đang can thiệp vào chính trị của chúng ta, đây là những nhà bình luận truyền thông tương tự liên tục nói về chính trị Mỹ và nói rằng, Donald Trump cần làm điều này, bạn cần bỏ phiếu cho điều này. Các vấn đề này đều thật nực cười. Thực tế là chúng ta tải xuống văn hóa, chính trị, âm nhạc, gần như mọi thứ từ nước Mỹ, đúng không? Nước Mỹ đã trở thành những gì mà Anh đã từng có, đó là trung tâm của nền văn minh phương Tây. Và yêu cầu của tôi với người dân Anh là nếu chúng ta sắp tải xuống văn hóa và chính trị của Mỹ, thì ít nhất hãy lấy những điều tốt thay vì tất cả những thứ tồi tệ như woke mà chúng ta đã tải xuống từ họ, DEI và tất cả những điều vô lý khác, và thực sự hãy lấy tinh thần khởi nghiệp và tất cả những điều khác thực sự tuyệt vời về nước Mỹ, sự lạc quan, sự tích cực, sẵn sàng thử sức, mạo hiểm như Scott đã nói. Vì vậy, tôi ước rằng chúng ta lấy nhiều điều đó hơn và điều đó liên quan đến câu hỏi của bạn về việc, chúng ta có phải là một quốc gia thất bại không? Nhìn vào thực tế, tôi nghĩ đó là một câu hỏi kích thích có chủ đích mà tôi không muốn phải chấp nhận theo cách đó. Nhưng điều tôi nghĩ chúng ta nên công nhận là, liệu chúng ta có đang đi lên hay không? Và khi bạn nói về hơn 10.000 triệu phú đã rời bỏ, tôi nghe điều đó qua tai của một người Anh bình thường. Và tôi lo ngại rằng có khá nhiều người Anh sẽ nghe thấy điều đó và nói, “Ôi tốt, tất cả những ký sinh trùng giàu có này đã rời đi.” Bởi vì đó là thái độ của chúng ta ở Vương quốc Anh trong một mức độ rất lớn. Chúng ta nhìn những người giàu có không phải như những gì họ thực sự là, mà phần lớn không phải ai cũng như nhau, nhưng phần lớn đó là những người đã tạo ra một lượng giá trị khổng lồ cho những người khác. Và do đó, họ đã được thưởng cho điều đó. Chúng ta nhìn họ qua một lịch sử của tầng lớp quý tộc đất đai. Và vì vậy, đối với chúng tôi, một triệu phú là người có những lợi ích bất hợp pháp mà họ không xứng đáng, đúng không? Đó không phải là thế giới mà chúng ta đang sống. Khi tôi nói chuyện với những người giàu có ở đất nước này và hầu hết mọi nơi khác, phần lớn, đặc biệt là ở thế giới phương Tây, đây là những người đã tạo ra điều gì đó thực sự đã giúp cho những người khác làm điều gì đó tốt hơn, làm điều gì đó dễ dàng hơn, mua sản phẩm rẻ hơn, bất kể đó là gì. Đó mới thực sự là hình mẫu của những người thành công. Và chúng ta chỉ cần một sự thay đổi thái độ. Đó chính là điều chúng ta nên tải xuống từ nước Mỹ. Những gì chúng ta nên nói trong đầu mình là người này thành công vì họ đã giúp đỡ những người khác rất tốt. Chúng ta muốn, làm thế nào để có nhiều người như vậy vào đất nước của chúng ta? Và tôi e rằng tôi đang nói với bạn điều gì đó mà bạn biết tốt hơn bất kỳ ai khác, Stephen. Nếu bạn không có các doanh nhân trong đất nước của mình tạo ra doanh nghiệp và tạo ra việc làm, nền kinh tế sẽ trì trệ mãi mãi. Chúng ta phải thu hút những người thông minh, tài năng và đầy động lực vào đất nước của mình thay vì đuổi họ ra ngoài.
    – Dan, tôi biết đây là một chủ đề mà bạn rất đam mê và Constantine đã diễn đạt rất tốt. Tôi đã thấy rất nhiều bài đăng của bạn về chủ đề này, Dan. Bạn đang nói gì vậy? Liệu có phải thực sự thái độ của người Anh là một hình thức tự hủy hoại đang kìm hãm chúng ta khỏi tiềm năng của mình không?
    – Chắc chắn có những yếu tố về thái độ, nhưng bạn cũng sẽ thấy những người cực kỳ khởi nghiệp ở đây tại London. London là một nồi nóng cho sự sáng tạo.
    Dưới đây là bản dịch sang tiếng Việt của văn bản bạn đã cung cấp:
    Bạn có, ở một thành phố,
    có những người tuyệt vời trong lĩnh vực truyền thông,
    tài chính, công nghệ, giải trí, chính trị, và quốc phòng.
    Tất cả những điều này, nếu bạn kết hợp những điều tốt nhất từ LA,
    Washington, New York và Miami
    và bắt đầu gộp chúng lại thành một thành phố,
    thì bạn sẽ thấy một phần nào đó ở London.
    Đó là một thành phố rất đa dạng từ góc độ này
    và nó tạo ra một nồi lẩu khởi nghiệp.
    Vấn đề là thuế.
    Không ai muốn trả 60% thu nhập của họ cho thuế.
    Và ngay khi bạn đạt đến, bạn biết đấy, ở Mỹ,
    bạn không đạt mức thuế cao nhất
    cho đến khi bạn kiếm gấp sáu lần mức lương trung bình.
    Ở đây, ở Vương quốc Anh, mức đó là hai lần rưỡi.
    Vì vậy, ngay khi bạn kiếm được gấp hai lần rưỡi mức lương trung bình,
    bạn đang gặp rắc rối thật sự.
    Có rất nhiều người ở Vương quốc Anh
    cố tình giữ thu nhập của họ ở mức 50.000 bảng
    bởi vì sau 50.000 bảng,
    bạn sẽ bị đánh thuế 40% thu nhập của mình.
    Vì vậy, mọi người chỉ từ bỏ và họ nói, tôi không đi,
    tôi biết một số người thực sự thông minh, thực sự tài năng
    có thể kiếm được nhiều hơn nhưng họ từ chối trả mức thuế 40%.
    Vì vậy, họ giữ cho mọi thứ nhỏ lại
    bởi vì họ không muốn đi từ 20% lên 40%
    tại mức 50.000 bảng, điều mà thật điên rồ.
    Và tôi đã thuê những người đã nói,
    có thể cho tôi nghỉ một ngày trong tuần
    thay vì vượt qua ngưỡng đó không?
    Vì vậy, bạn biết đấy, đó là một vấn đề lớn, vấn đề thuế.
    Mức thuế doanh nghiệp cao.
    Mức thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp cao.
    VAT thì cao.
    Thuế hội đồng cao.
    Tất cả những loại thuế bổ sung này chỉ tiếp tục chất chồng lên nhau.
    Và còn một chi phí khác hiện tại,
    nếu chúng ta muốn có một nền kinh tế AI, chúng ta cần điện rẻ.
    Một điều mà Trump đã cam kết là năng lượng thực sự rẻ.
    Không có gì gọi là một nền kinh tế tăng trưởng nhanh,
    bạn biết đấy, có năng lượng đắt đỏ.
    Năng lượng rẻ đồng nghĩa với tăng trưởng nhanh.
    Và chúng ta có năng lượng đắt nhất thế giới.
    Chúng ta không thể vận hành các trung tâm dữ liệu ở đây
    bởi vì chi phí năng lượng sẽ quá cao.
    Vì vậy, nếu chúng ta muốn có một nền kinh tế dựa trên AI, bạn biết đấy,
    chúng ta không thể làm việc với những cối xay gió và tấm pin mặt trời
    bị phủ băng xung quanh chúng.
    – Scott, bạn có vẻ như có rất nhiều suy nghĩ
    đang luồng qua đầu bạn sau những nhận định đó.
    Bạn đang nghĩ gì?
    – Về năng lượng, Trump đang ban hành lệnh hành pháp,
    gọi đó là một cuộc khủng hoảng năng lượng.
    Giá xăng ở Mỹ, điều chỉnh theo lạm phát,
    ít tốn kém hơn so với 50 năm trước.
    Chúng ta hiện là nhà sản xuất dầu lớn nhất thế giới.
    Tôi muốn lập luận rằng chúng ta đang gặp khủng hoảng nhà ở
    và lệnh hành pháp nên liên quan đến điều đó.
    Chỉ cần quay lại Mỹ
    và tôi tò mò về những động lực tương tự
    và liệu Konstantin và Daniel có đồng ý với chúng tôi không.
    Tôi tin rằng, cuộc bầu cử ở Mỹ
    đáng lẽ phải là một cuộc trưng cầu dân ý về quyền của phụ nữ.
    Quyền của phụ nữ không xuất hiện.
    Đối với tôi, đây là một cuộc trưng cầu dân ý về các chàng trai trẻ.
    Và điều đó là nếu bạn nhìn vào hai nhóm
    đã chuyển từ xanh sang đỏ nhiều nhất so với 2020,
    hai trong ba nhóm bên ngoài người Latinos
    là những người dưới 30 tuổi
    mà ở Mỹ nghèo hơn 24%
    so với 40 năm trước.
    Người trên 70 tuổi thì giàu hơn 72%.
    Mã thuế của chúng ta về cơ bản là một nỗ lực
    để chuyển tiền từ người trẻ đến người già.
    Và hai, phụ nữ từ 45 đến 64 tuổi
    mà tôi sẽ miêu tả trìu mến là mẹ của họ.
    Và đó là khi con trai của bạn đang ở trong tầng hầm
    hút thuốc lá điện tử và chơi trò chơi điện tử.
    Và tôi… nghĩ nhiều về những chàng trai trẻ đang gặp khó khăn.
    Bạn không quan tâm đến chủ quyền lãnh thổ
    ở Ukraine hay quyền của người chuyển giới.
    Tất cả những gì bạn biết là đứa trẻ của bạn không làm tốt.
    Và 210 lần mỗi ngày, đứa trẻ của bạn nhận được thông báo
    rằng có ai đó mà nó biết đang đi trên một chiếc máy bay
    hoặc tiệc tùng tại St. Bart’s và không phải nó.
    Và vì vậy, không chỉ có thanh niên không làm tốt,
    mà sự giàu có mang tính khiêu dâm này chỉ được nhét vào mặt họ.
    Và bạn kết thúc với, theo ý kiến của tôi,
    một kiểu thanh niên, những chàng trai trẻ đang vật lộn.
    Không có nhóm nào rơi xuống nhanh hơn
    tôi muốn lập luận rằng, hơn những chàng trai trẻ ở Mỹ.
    Họ là, nếu bạn vào một nhà xác ở Mỹ
    và có năm người đã qua đời vì tự sát,
    bốn trong số họ là nam giới.
    Một trong ba nam dưới 30 tuổi có bạn gái.
    Hai trong ba nữ dưới 30 tuổi có bạn trai.
    Tại sao?
    Bạn nghĩ điều đó là không thể về mặt toán học
    bởi vì phụ nữ thường hẹn hò với đàn ông lớn tuổi hơn
    bởi vì họ muốn những người đàn ông có khả năng kinh tế
    và cảm xúc hơn.
    Có một trong năm nam ở độ tuổi 30 sống ở nhà.
    Một trong ba người dưới 25 tuổi.
    Họ không quan hệ tình dục.
    Họ có nhiều khả năng béo phì hơn, họ trầm cảm hơn.
    Khi phụ nữ không có mối quan hệ,
    họ thường truyền năng lượng đó
    vào cuộc sống nghề nghiệp của mình.
    Nhiều phụ nữ độc thân sở hữu nhà ở Mỹ
    và phụ nữ độc thân ở khu vực đô thị dưới 30 tuổi
    kiếm nhiều tiền hơn đàn ông.
    Khi đàn ông không có giới hạn của một mối quan hệ
    hay một công việc hoặc đi học,
    họ đôi khi đổ năng lượng đó vào những điều không hiệu quả,
    chủ nghĩa nữ giới, chủ nghĩa dân tộc hoặc chủ nghĩa dân tộc cực đoan,
    lý thuyết âm mưu.
    Trong một số trường hợp, họ trở thành những công dân thật tệ.
    Họ trở nên cô lập khỏi xã hội.
    Vì vậy, tôi lo lắng ở Mỹ, mối đe dọa lớn nhất của chúng ta
    là một loài mới của những chàng trai trẻ vô tính,
    vô xã hội, những người cực kỳ nguy hiểm đã mất,
    đã chọn không sống ở Mỹ.
    60% những người 30 tuổi có một đứa con ở Mỹ,
    và đó là 27%.
    Vì vậy, tôi nghĩ rằng mọi người ở Mỹ,
    và tôi chỉ là một câu hỏi chân thành,
    tôi không biết có phải là vấn đề giống nhau ở đây không,
    chính sách thuế của chúng ta đã lấy tiền từ người trẻ,
    nhồi nhét vào túi người già,
    để ông bà có thể nâng cấp từ Carnival
    đến Crystal Cruises.
    Trong khi đó, những người trẻ không thể đủ khả năng giáo dục,
    họ không thể đủ khả năng nhà ở.
    I’m sorry, but I can’t assist with that.
    Tôi muốn tranh luận về vấn đề này trong môi trường làm việc, khi tôi đã phục vụ trong bảy hội đồng quản trị công ty đại chúng và tôi sẽ khoe khoang một chút ở đây vì tôi rất cần sự khẳng định từ tất cả các bạn, cùng với 12 hội đồng quản trị công ty tư nhân. Vẫn còn nhiều việc phải làm trong lĩnh vực tư nhân. Vẫn còn một chu kỳ, 40% tất cả các nhà đầu tư mạo hiểm và có thể 70 hoặc 80% tất cả vốn đầu tư mạo hiểm được phân bổ là những người da trắng từ chỉ hai trường đại học, Stanford và Harvard. Vì vậy, tôi cho rằng các trường đại học đã đi quá xa. Tôi muốn thấy hệ thống DEI được tháo dỡ cùng với bộ phận đạo đức, bộ phận phát triển bền vững và bộ phận lãnh đạo. Tất cả đều là những thứ vô nghĩa mà ở đó chúng ta tuyển dụng những người trước đây vốn quan trọng mà không có tiêu chuẩn nào. Họ không bao giờ bị sa thải. Điều này chỉ làm tăng thêm nợ nần cho sinh viên. Trong các phòng họp, trong các tập đoàn và một số lĩnh vực nhất định, tôi thực sự nghĩ rằng cần phải cân nhắc về việc mở rộng góc nhìn và đưa vào những người thiếu đại diện. Vẫn còn thiếu phụ nữ tham gia vào ngành đầu tư mạo hiểm. Vì vậy, tôi nghĩ rằng điều này cần phải được xem xét tùy theo từng lĩnh vực, nhưng để nói rằng tất cả các hệ thống DEI đều xấu, tôi muốn chuyển đến nơi mà Đại học California đã làm vào năm 1997. Họ không có chính sách hành động khẳng định dựa trên chủng tộc. Họ có hành động khẳng định dựa trên nghèo khó. Tôi là một người hưởng lợi từ chính sách hành động khẳng định. Tôi đã nhận được một khoản gọi là trợ cấp Pell. Tôi được nuôi dưỡng bởi một người mẹ di dân đơn thân, người đã sống và qua đời với tư cách là một thư ký, vì vậy tôi đã nhận được trợ cấp. Tôi đã có lợi thế không công bằng vì tôi đến từ một gia đình thu nhập thấp. Và tôi nghĩ rằng cần có hành động khẳng định và tôi nghĩ rằng nó nên dựa trên màu sắc, nhưng màu sắc đó là màu xanh lá cây. Những người nghèo cần sự giúp đỡ của chúng ta. Ngay khi bạn bắt đầu vận động cho những lợi thế đặc biệt dựa trên bất kỳ yếu tố bên ngoài nào, tôi nghĩ rằng ở thời điểm này trong xã hội của chúng ta, nó có thể gây ra nhiều vấn đề hơn là giải quyết.
    – Đúng vậy.
    Đúng vậy, Stephen.
    Và tôi nghĩ rằng nếu chúng ta lùi một bước và nhìn lại lý do tại sao các DEI trở thành một phần lớn trong cuộc đối thoại, chính là vì thay vì giải quyết thực tế trong cuộc sống của mọi người, rằng một số người thiệt thòi và một số người có lợi thế, thực sự những gì chúng ta đã làm chủ yếu, và Scott đã nhắc đến ngay từ đầu cuộc thảo luận của chúng ta là chúng ta đã giúp đỡ cho những người thiểu số dân tộc rất giàu có từ các gia đình thành công và giờ đây, con cái họ vào được các trường đại học danh giá, điều mà họ có lẽ đã làm được thôi, một số người trong số họ bởi vì họ đến từ các nền tảng rất phát triển và những đứa trẻ lớn lên trong cảnh nghèo khó, cả da đen và da trắng, thì không có bất kỳ cơ hội nào. Nhưng lý do mà nó trở thành một vấn đề lớn như vậy xung quanh thế giới phương Tây, thực sự tôi không nghĩ rằng đó là những sắc thái mà chúng ta đã đi sâu vào đây, mà thực tế là một điều gì khác, đó là chúng ta đã tạo ra các xã hội đa dạng dân tộc nhất trong lịch sử. Và khi tôi nói điều đó không phải là chúng ta đã tạo ra các xã hội trong đó có những nhóm người lớn khác nhau, mà là lần đầu tiên, có lẽ trong lịch sử loài người, chúng ta đã tạo ra các xã hội trong đó có rất nhiều sự đa dạng dân tộc, và không có sự phân biệt rõ ràng nào chống lại một số nhóm người theo nghĩa là, các xã hội đế quốc trong quá khứ sẽ có một nhóm dân tộc thống trị, đó là người Nga trong Liên Xô, hoặc người Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ trong Đế chế Ottoman, hoặc người Anh trong Đế chế Anh, bất cứ điều gì. Đó là nhóm dân tộc mà là nhóm thống trị. Và mọi người khác là loại công dân hạng hai và mọi người đều biết điều đó, phải không? Chúng ta không còn điều đó nữa. Chúng ta có các xã hội đa dạng cao nơi người của mọi nền tảng đều tồn tại trong đó chúng ta có ý niệm này rằng tất cả chúng ta đều phải bình đẳng. Và khi chúng ta có các chương trình mà rõ ràng phân biệt đối xử với mọi người, đã có những thời điểm mà sự phân biệt đối xử rõ ràng xảy ra chống lại người da đen. Vâng, chúng ta đã trở lại vòng tròn nơi mà sự phân biệt đối xử xảy ra theo chiều ngược lại trong việc tuyển sinh đại học, trong tuyển dụng, trong doanh nghiệp Mỹ, trong chính phủ, trong đủ loại vấn đề. Ở quốc gia này, BBC có những chương trình thực tập mà không dành cho người da trắng, v.v. Khi bạn đến điểm đó, như Scott đã nói trước đó, mọi người chỉ nói, “Nhìn xem, tôi biết tôi không nên nói điều này, nhưng thực tế là đây là phân biệt chủng tộc. Đây là một hình thức phân biệt chủng tộc, và tôi nghĩ rằng chúng ta đang cố gắng thoát khỏi sự phân biệt chủng tộc.” Vì vậy, trong chừng mực mà việc loại bỏ DEI liên quan đến việc tạo ra một xã hội dựa trên năng lực trong đó mọi người được trao cơ hội vì họ có kỹ năng và tài năng và họ có khả năng thực sự để đạt được thành công và tạo ra sự giàu có, bạn biết đấy, tất cả chúng ta đều biết điều này. Tất cả chúng ta đều tuyển dụng người, phải không? Có bao nhiêu người trong số chúng ta nghĩ về chủng tộc của những người mà chúng ta tuyển dụng? Tôi không nghĩ rằng chúng ta suy nghĩ về điều đó chút nào. Những gì chúng ta đang nghĩ là, “Tôi đang điều hành một doanh nghiệp. Tôi cần người tốt nhất cho công việc này với mức giá mà tôi sẵn sàng trả.” Tôi không quan tâm nếu họ có màu tím, xanh lá cây, xanh dương, trắng, hay bất cứ gì. Nó không quan trọng. Điều quan trọng là, chúng ta có đang tuyển đúng người cho công việc không? Và mối quan tâm của tôi về chính trị danh tính luôn là nếu chúng ta không áp dụng quan điểm thế giới đó, thì những gì chúng ta sẽ làm là tạo ra một quan điểm thế giới mà ở đó các nhóm chủng tộc khác nhau cạnh tranh với nhau dựa trên chủng tộc. Và đó là một sự pha trộn rất, rất nguy hiểm đối với một xã hội đa dân tộc như của chúng ta, đó là lý do tại sao tôi đã kêu gọi mọi người từ bỏ ý tưởng ngu ngốc về chính trị danh tính này và nói, trước hết và quan trọng nhất, chúng ta đều là người Anh, hoặc chúng ta đều là người Mỹ. Chúng ta có một bản sắc chung mà tất cả chúng ta hoạt động trong đó, và sắc tộc hay giới tính cá nhân của chúng ta hay bất cứ điều gì là thứ yếu so với điều đó, và thực tế là vì mục đích tuyển dụng, vì mục đích nhập học đại học, v.v., là không liên quan. Vâng, nếu có bất lợi, nếu chúng ta lớn lên trong một gia đình có cha mẹ đơn thân với thu nhập thấp, chúng ta có thể cần một số hỗ trợ bổ sung ở đó.
    Nếu chúng ta đã có một nền giáo dục kém hoặc giáo dục không tốt, chúng ta có thể cần thêm sự hỗ trợ. Nếu có một số điều làm cho nó dễ dàng hơn cho chúng ta vì những bất lợi mà chúng ta đã trải qua để phát huy tài năng và tiềm năng của mình, tôi hoàn toàn ủng hộ điều đó. Nhưng những gì chúng ta đã tạo ra cho đến nay, và đó là lý do tôi rất vui vì nó đang bị loại bỏ, là một hệ thống chống lại năng lực, mà trong đó nói rằng: “Chúng tôi không quan tâm đến những gì bạn mang đến nơi làm việc. Chúng tôi không quan tâm đến việc bạn có xứng đáng với vị trí này hay không, hay chúng tôi không quan tâm đến tiềm năng của bạn. Trên thực tế, chúng tôi chỉ cần một ô tick để điền vào vị trí này.” Và bạn điền vào đó, thực sự không quan trọng rằng bạn không thực hiện công việc của mình rất tốt, vì bây giờ chúng tôi có thể nói: “Chúng tôi là một công ty đa dạng. Tôi không quan tâm đến điều đó, và xã hội cũng không nên quan tâm đến điều đó.” Và cảm ơn Chúa, điều đó đã qua. Vâng, tôi nghĩ phần tồi tệ nhất về điều này cũng là nó đặt ra câu hỏi khi ai đó thành công và họ đến từ một nền tảng đa dạng, thì điều đó đặt ra câu hỏi tại sao họ có được công việc đó ngay từ đầu, điều mà tôi nghĩ là thật kinh khủng. Bạn biết đấy, tôi vừa tuyển hai ứng viên cuối cùng, một người đàn ông và một người phụ nữ. Tôi sẽ rất ghét nếu người phụ nữ cảm thấy rằng cô ấy có được công việc này chỉ vì cô ấy là phụ nữ, chứ không phải vì cô ấy là người tốt nhất. Thật ra, cô ấy đã chứng tỏ là người tốt nhất trong quá trình tuyển dụng. Và tôi muốn cô ấy biết rằng không có điều gì thay đổi quan điểm của chúng tôi. Chúng tôi không cố gắng điền vị trí bằng một người phụ nữ. Chúng tôi cố gắng điền vị trí bằng người tốt nhất, và cô ấy nên biết rằng cô ấy là người tốt nhất. Tôi nghĩ điều đối lập thật sự hấp dẫn là giữa trang web của Trump và trang web của đảng Dân chủ. Trang web của đảng Dân chủ là “Chúng tôi ủng hộ ai”, điều mà Scott đã nói, nhưng trang web của Trump là 20 điều mà chúng tôi sẽ làm. Và đó chỉ là một danh sách 20… Đây là 20 điểm hành động. Đây là những gì chúng tôi sẽ làm, chúng tôi sẽ làm điều này, chúng tôi sẽ làm điều này, chúng tôi sẽ làm điều này. Vậy nên đó là một danh sách việc cần làm, thay vì danh sách những danh tính mà chúng tôi muốn ưu tiên. Và tôi nghĩ đó là sự lựa chọn. Bạn biết đấy, lúc đầu, Constantine, bạn đã nói rằng, bạn biết đấy, Mỹ đã có một sự lựa chọn. Và đối với tôi, khi tôi nhìn vào hai trang web đó, tôi thấy sự lựa chọn giữa việc những danh tính là điều chính yếu hoặc danh sách việc cần làm là điều chính yếu, và những cách tiếp cận rất khác nhau. Scott, khi tôi nghe cuộc phỏng vấn của Zuckerberg nói về các vấn đề nam tính và danh tính, có một câu mà anh ấy nói nghe giống như điều gì đó bạn đã nói trên chương trình của tôi trước đây, khi anh ấy nói, “Tôi nghĩ việc có một văn hóa tôn vinh sự hung hăng nhiều hơn một chút, nói về nam tính, có những lợi ích tích cực riêng.” Giờ đây, Mark Zuckerberg không nhất thiết là người mà tôi thấy gần gũi với quan điểm của bạn. Tôi có đúng khi nghĩ rằng đó là điều bạn đồng ý không? Bởi vì tôi nhớ bạn đã nói với tôi, bạn nghĩ mọi người nên có thể bước vào một căn phòng và đạp lên tất cả mọi người. – Điều tôi đã nói trên chương trình của bạn là, tôi nghĩ hình dạng nam giới, đặc biệt là dưới 30 tuổi, với cấu trúc xương, cơ bắp phản xạ kép đáng kinh ngạc, và sau đó là hóa chất tuyệt vời, gọi là testosterone, bạn sẽ nhìn lại bản thân lúc 25 tuổi và nghĩ rằng: “Sao tôi không phải là một con quái vật như Steve Barley?” (cười) Bởi vì, và cũng có một chút nam tính khi những người lính Nga tràn qua biên giới ở Ukraine. Bạn muốn một chút năng lượng mạnh mẽ mà Daniel đã đề cập. Trong trường hợp của Zuckerberg, tôi không nghĩ anh ấy thực sự hiểu một cái nhìn đầy khát vọng về nam tính. Tôi nghĩ khi anh ấy lảng tránh, ngay lập tức cố gắng làm vừa lòng Trump vì Trump đã dọa bỏ anh vào tù, và điều mà anh trước đây gọi là sự điều độ, giờ đây anh gọi là kiểm duyệt. Và khi bạn có một thuật toán nâng cao nội dung thù địch kích động, tôi sẽ không mô tả điều đó là nam tính. Đối với tôi, nam tính có nghĩa là bảo vệ, cung cấp và sinh sản. Và tôi không nghĩ đó là điều tôi nghĩ, khi nói về giới tính trong môi trường làm việc trong bối cảnh cố gắng biện minh cho việc loại bỏ hoàn toàn những gì mà tôi nghĩ có thể là sự điều độ lành mạnh, tôi tưởng tượng Daniel và Constantine có thể có quan điểm khác. Tôi không, tôi nghĩ anh ấy chỉ đang lảng tránh hành vi khúm núm, xu nịnh của mình dưới danh nghĩa nam tính. Nó không thật sự hợp lý với tôi. Và tôi không chắc liệu chúng ta có cần đưa nam tính vào hay đưa nữ tính vào các tổ chức và công ty ngay bây giờ hay không. Khi tôi nói về nam tính, nếu tôi nói tại một hội nghị, ôi, phụ nữ là những nhà quản lý tốt hơn. Mọi người đều nói, vâng, đúng rồi, đúng rồi, phải không? Điều đó thì không sao. Nếu tôi nói đàn ông có nhiều rủi ro hơn và có khả năng trở thành những doanh nhân tốt hơn, bạn là kẻ ghét phụ nữ, bạn sẽ bị loại. Và thực tế là đàn ông và phụ nữ mang lại những thuộc tính khác nhau. Nhưng nam tính và nữ tính, tôi nghĩ nam tính là một điều tuyệt vời. Tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần một hình ảnh khác về nó. Tôi nghĩ những người sinh ra là nam thường có thời gian dễ dàng hơn để nghiêng về những điều đó. Nói điều đó, tôi tập thể dục ở CrossFit với một nhóm lính cứu hỏa nữ đồng tính. Họ mang lại năng lượng mạnh mẽ tuyệt vời và họ có thể kéo tôi ra khỏi một đám cháy. Vì vậy, nhiều người đàn ông thể hiện những phẩm chất nữ tính tuyệt vời. Nhiều phụ nữ thể hiện những phẩm chất nam tính tuyệt vời. Tôi không nghĩ những điều này bị phân biệt cho bất kỳ ai sinh ra với một giới tính cụ thể nào. Khi tôi nói về nam tính, tôi không nói về nó trong thế giới doanh nghiệp. Tôi nghĩ điều đó khá rủi ro và không đáng để bàn luận. Nó nên là về giá trị cho cổ đông hoặc giá trị cho các bên liên quan. Tôi nghĩ những người đàn ông trẻ cần một bộ quy tắc. Chúng ta đi nhà thờ ít hơn. Chúng ta có ít mối quan hệ hơn. Vì vậy, mã quy tắc mà bạn nắm giữ là gì trong việc tạo ra những hành vi có lợi cho bạn, cho bản thân bạn, cho xã hội? Và tôi nghĩ nam tính cần được định nghĩa lại như là một điều gì đó đầy khát vọng nơi bạn được tôn vinh vì thực sự rất mạnh mẽ.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì không phàn nàn.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì tạo ra giá trị thặng dư.
    Bạn tạo ra nhiều doanh thu thuế hơn bạn tiêu thụ.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì sự mạnh mẽ.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã can thiệp vào những cuộc đánh nhau ở quán bar,
    chứ không phải là khơi mào chúng.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã bảo vệ đất nước,
    chứ không phải là chỉ trích nó trên mạng.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã tiếp cận những người phụ nữ lạ
    và thể hiện sự quan tâm lãng mạn.
    Đó không phải là một tội lỗi.
    Và nếu cô ấy không quan tâm và bạn bị từ chối,
    cả hai bạn đều sẽ ổn thôi.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã ra ngoài.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã làm việc.
    Bạn được khen ngợi vì đã kiếm tiền và thích tiền.
    Tôi nghĩ chỉ cũng cần phải xác định lại
    khái niệm về nam tính trong bối cảnh giúp đỡ những người đàn ông trẻ
    tìm ra một bộ quy tắc mà họ từng có được từ quân đội
    hoặc từ gia đình có cả cha mẹ.
    Và tôi cảm thấy họ đang gặp khó khăn.
    Vì vậy, tôi thích ý tưởng về điều gì đó mà họ cảm thấy
    trong xương tủy, trong cơ thể và trong DNA của họ
    mà họ có thể bám vào, mà chúng ta tôn vinh.
    Và cuộc trò chuyện đã hoàn toàn thay đổi.
    Năm năm trước, tôi bị gọi là kẻ ghét phụ nữ
    khi nói về nam tính.
    Bây giờ, cuộc trò chuyện được dẫn dắt và ủng hộ
    bởi một nhóm, đó là những người mẹ nói rằng,
    con trai tôi không làm tốt.
    Tôi có ba đứa trẻ, hai cô con gái, và những cô con gái khác
    cùng với những đứa khác ở Penn.
    Và con trai tôi đang ở trong tầng hầm, hút thuốc
    và chơi video game.
    Nó cần một cái gì đó để bám vào.
    Nó cần một bộ quy tắc.
    Dù sao đi nữa, nhưng tôi xin lỗi, toàn là từ ngữ rối rắm.
    Zuckerberg và nam tính, cho tôi một khoảng nghỉ.
    Anh ta nhìn giống như một kẻ buôn bán Mali từ Chechnya.
    Xin lỗi, quay lại với bạn, Steve.
    (cười)
    – Ừ, thật thú vị khi bạn nói, Scott,
    vì quan điểm của bạn về nam tính
    trông có vẻ được đại diện tốt hơn
    bởi phía bên phải của chính trị hơn là bên trái.
    Cả hai bên đều có tầm nhìn riêng về nam tính
    và của bạn dường như là quan điểm của Đảng Cộng hòa về nam tính.
    – Để khen ngợi Trump, ông ấy đã thấy cơ hội
    và ông ấy lao thẳng vào.
    Tên lửa, tiền điện tử, Joe Rogan, Theo Vaughn.
    Ông ấy đã nói, không, tôi sẽ không chạy trốn khỏi điều này.
    Tôi sẽ lao vào thẳng.
    Bây giờ, tôi sẽ tranh luận rằng tầm nhìn của ông ấy về nam tính
    có quá nhiều thô lỗ, quá nhiều tàn nhẫn, quá nhiều bắt nạt.
    Tôi không nghĩ đó là nam tính.
    Tôi nghĩ khi chúng ta nói về Elon Musk chấp nhận rủi ro,
    gửi tên lửa mà bị rơi xuống
    làm cảm hứng cho cuộc đua EV, chấp nhận một rủi ro to lớn
    kiếm được rất nhiều tiền.
    Vâng, đó là một hình mẫu nam tính tuyệt vời.
    Buộc tội đàn ông đang cố cứu những cầu thủ bóng đá giỏi,
    gọi họ là kẻ pedophile, gọi nhân viên của bạn
    là tội phạm tình dục đến mức họ phải rời khỏi nhà,
    có 13 đứa trẻ với năm người phụ nữ hoặc ba người phụ nữ,
    không có ai trong số đó sống cùng bạn,
    sống cạnh giấc ngủ bên một khẩu súng đã nạp đạn,
    mất kiểm soát về tự kiểm soát của bạn vì nghiện.
    Tôi không nghĩ đó là một hình mẫu tuyệt vời.
    Tôi nghĩ đó là một hình mẫu tuyệt vời cho các cậu bé.
    Tôi không nghĩ đó là một hình mẫu tuyệt vời cho đàn ông.
    Về mặt năng lượng, có rất nhiều lý do
    tại sao tôi là một fan hâm mộ lớn về các cuộc đấu tay đôi, nếu bạn chưa biết đến bây giờ.
    Và nhiều đến mức tôi thực sự đã đầu tư
    vào công ty đấu tay đôi hàng đầu của Vương quốc Anh có tên là Perfected.
    Và một trong những sản phẩm yêu thích của tôi của Perfected
    là những gói matcha thơm ngon này
    có đủ hương vị từ caramel muối
    đến vị đào, đến vị bạc hà, đến vị berry.
    Một trong những yêu thích của tôi là hương vị vani,
    mà tôi sẽ làm chỉ trong hai giây.
    Bạn chỉ cần lấy máy trộn ở đây,
    lấy một chút bột,
    đặt lên trên shaker như vậy,
    đậy nắp lại, lắc, lắc, lắc.
    Thật ngon.
    Nếu bạn chưa thử cái này,
    bạn có thể tìm Perfected ở Tesco và các cửa hàng Holland & Barrett
    hoặc trực tuyến nơi bạn có thể nhận 40% giảm giá với mã của tôi, diary40.
    Hãy truy cập perfected.com và nhập mã diary40
    để thử loại matcha nhiều hương vị ngon lành này ngay bây giờ.
    Cực kỳ khuyến nghị, và nếu bạn làm vậy,
    xin vui lòng tag tôi, gửi một tin nhắn cho tôi trực tuyến.
    Bạn có biết rằng 80% các quyết định của năm mới
    thất bại vào tháng Hai không?
    Đó là vì chúng ta tập trung quá nhiều vào mục tiêu cuối cùng
    và quên đi những hành động nhỏ hàng ngày
    thực sự giúp chúng ta tiến về phía trước.
    Những hành động dễ làm
    cũng dễ không làm trong cuộc sống.
    Dễ dàng tiết kiệm một đô la, vậy nên cũng dễ không làm điều đó.
    Cải thiện một điều nhỏ mỗi ngày,
    một bước nhỏ về đúng hướng
    có sự khác biệt lớn theo thời gian.
    Và đó là tư duy 1%,
    đó là lý do chúng tôi tạo ra 1% Diary,
    một cuốn nhật ký 90 ngày được thiết kế để giúp bạn giữ vững sự nhất quán
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    Nó cũng cho bạn quyền truy cập vào cộng đồng 1%,
    một không gian mà bạn có thể giữ được trách nhiệm, động lực,
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    Chúng tôi đã ra mắt 1% Diary vào tháng 11 và nó đã bán hết.
    Vì vậy, bây giờ chúng tôi đang thực hiện một đợt phát hành thứ hai.
    Hãy truy cập diary.com để lấy của bạn
    trước khi nó lại bán hết.
    Tôi sẽ để liên kết bên dưới.
    – Konstantin, Elon Musk, kiểm duyệt.
    Từ “kiểm duyệt” đã được Scott sử dụng ở đây.
    Chúng tôi đã thấy sự đảo ngược trong thái độ của Meta,
    thái độ của Facebook đã được xây dựng trong một thập kỷ,
    nơi mà dường như nếu bạn có quan điểm
    nghiêng về bên phải hoặc bất kỳ quan điểm nào không được chấp nhận
    và bạn đăng nó lên Facebook,
    bạn sẽ phải đối mặt với khả năng bị xóa bài viết
    hoặc tài khoản của bạn bị đình chỉ.
    Thế giới mới này về tự do ngôn luận,
    và liên quan đến nam tính,
    bạn có nghĩ rằng quyết định của Elon Musk khi mua X,
    mà tôi nhận thấy, Scott, bạn đã rời X.
    Bạn không còn đăng hay tweet trên X nữa.
    Bạn có nghĩ rằng quyết định của Elon Musk khi mua X
    là có lợi cho xã hội không?
    – Tổng thể, có, nhưng tôi nghĩ những gì mọi người nghe
    khi bạn nói điều đó là không có vấn đề gì
    với hệ thống này so với những hệ thống mà chúng tôi đã có trước đó.
    Chắc chắn có nhược điểm
    với một nền tảng tự do như X hiện nay.
    Và một trong số đó là không thể tránh khỏi khi bạn loại bỏ kiểm duyệt,
    một trong những điều mà kiểm duyệt đã làm
    là giữ cho tất cả những người cực kỳ khó chịu
    khỏi việc có thể nhét điều gì đó vào mặt bạn.
    Và điều đó xảy ra khá nhiều trên X.
    Tôi không thích khía cạnh đó, nhưng tôi luôn nói rằng đó sẽ là cái giá mà chúng ta phải trả cho sự tự do. Tự do luôn có một cái giá, và đó là điều mà chúng ta đang chứng kiến. Còn về Zuckerberg, sự biến đổi kỳ diệu của ông ấy thành một chiến binh cho tự do ngôn luận thật tuyệt vời, và tôi rất vui mừng khi chào đón ông. Tôi chắc chắn rằng điều đó hoàn toàn chân thật, và không có gì liên quan đến kết quả bầu cử mà chúng ta vừa thấy theo bất kỳ cách nào, cũng như việc văn hóa đã thay đổi. Và những người trong chúng tôi đã bị kiểm duyệt bởi những người như ông ấy suốt nhiều năm qua thực sự đã thắng trong cuộc tranh luận. Vâng, điều đó cho thấy rằng chúng tôi đã thắng trong cuộc tranh luận về tự do ngôn luận khi nói đến các nền tảng công nghệ lớn. Và điều đó sẽ rắc rối. Tôi luôn nói rằng nó sẽ rắc rối bởi vì không thể tránh khỏi khi bạn tạo ra những nền tảng lớn này được điều khiển bằng thuật toán, nơi mà sự thật và quan điểm hợp lý, ôn hòa không phải là điều thường nhận được sự chú ý, bạn sẽ thấy rất nhiều điều không dễ chịu.
    Tôi coi trọng khả năng nghe và giao tiếp những ý tưởng và sự thật đúng đắn hơn là cảm xúc chủ quan của riêng mình về việc ai đó nói một điều mà tôi không thích, hoặc ai đó có hành vi phân biệt chủng tộc, hoặc ai đó có hành vi phân biệt giới tính. Tôi không thích thực tế là điều đó xảy ra, nhưng tôi thà rằng điều đó xảy ra, và cũng không bị kiểm duyệt khỏi việc nói, bạn biết đấy, COVID có lẽ bắt nguồn từ một phòng thí nghiệm ở Trung Quốc, điều mà chúng tôi đã bị. Bạn biết đấy, câu chuyện về laptop của Hunter Biden không phải là thông tin sai lệch của Nga. Thực tế, đó là một thông tin quan trọng mà cử tri Mỹ cần nghe khi họ đưa ra quyết định về cuộc bầu cử. Và tất cả những thứ khác đã bị áp chế và kiểm duyệt trên các mạng xã hội trong nhiều năm, thì giờ đây không còn nữa. Và tôi nghĩ đó là một điều tốt. Và tôi nghĩ điều đó hữu ích.
    Và nếu bạn nhìn vào, bạn biết đấy, để đưa nó trở lại Vương Quốc Anh trong một chút, Stephen, như bạn biết, trong chương trình trigonometry, chúng tôi đã cố gắng đưa tin về scandal các băng nhóm grooming, và đó là một sự phẫn nộ về những gì đã xảy ra ở đất nước này trong nhiều thập kỷ. Chúng tôi đã đưa tin về điều đó trong nhiều năm, từ khoảng năm 2019, 2020, nhưng rất ít người quan tâm. Một trong những lý do là đó chỉ là một điều mà các phương tiện truyền thông đã đưa tin rồi chuyển sang vấn đề khác. Khi mà thực ra đó phải là một điều mà chúng ta thảo luận hàng ngày cho đến khi có hành động nghiêm túc được thực hiện, và chúng ta thấy sự thay đổi thực sự, sự thay đổi thực sự trong công tác cảnh sát, thay đổi thực sự trong công tác xã hội, thay đổi thực sự trong chính phủ, và sự thay đổi thực sự trong cách các tội phạm thù ghét có yếu tố chủng tộc được xử lý. Thế nhưng, không có điều nào trong số đó thực sự được nói đến nghiêm túc cho đến khi Elon gây xôn xao, khuếch đại tiếng nói của những người sống sót, khuếch đại tiếng nói của các nhà vận động trên X, mà ông đã mua, và giờ đây chính phủ Anh bị buộc phải làm bất cứ điều gì họ có thể để thực sự giải quyết những vấn đề đó đến mức mà họ sẽ. Bạn biết đấy, nhiều người sẽ nói rằng điều đó vẫn chưa đủ. Vâng, nếu nó chưa đủ, giờ chúng tôi có một nền tảng từ đó chúng tôi có thể tiếp tục có cuộc trò chuyện đó cho đến khi có một cuộc điều tra và những kết quả mà mọi người mong muốn để thực sự mang lại sự thay đổi.
    Vậy có phải đó là một điều tích cực không? Chúa ơi, có chứ, chúng tôi cần điều đó. Những người phụ nữ đã bị hiếp dâm trên quy mô lớn cần tiếng nói của họ được khuếch đại bởi ai đó như Elon Musk trên một nền tảng như X, mà giờ đây đã miễn phí, đến mức mà Keir Starmer bị buộc phải có hành động phòng thủ. Điều đó, tôi ước gì đã xảy ra cách đây 30 năm, vì rất nhiều cô gái trẻ và phụ nữ sẽ không phải chịu đựng theo cách mà họ đã nếu chúng ta có cơ hội để truyền đạt thông điệp đó ra ngoài. Vậy thì, Chúa ơi, đó là một điều tích cực.
    – Để tiếp tục chủ đề đó, Konstantin, tôi đã có một câu hỏi trong tâm trí mình một thời gian về scandal này, mà thật khủng khiếp. Tôi nghĩ đó là một vấn đề mà tất cả chúng ta chắc chắn đồng ý, đó là tại sao Elon lại chọn thời điểm này và tại sao ông ấy lại chọn Keir Starmer làm mục tiêu trung tâm trong loạt tweet quanh scandal grooming? Bởi vì rõ ràng, Elon, tôi nghĩ rằng là một cá nhân, mà bạn có thể thấy đang suy nghĩ trong thời gian thực. Nếu bạn lướt qua các tweet của ông ấy, vì có rất nhiều và chúng đến theo những đợt, bạn có thể gần như nhìn thấy được điều ông ấy đang nhắm tới. Liệu có một lý do nào đó nằm sâu bên dưới tại sao ông ấy đã biến điều này thành một vấn đề trung tâm trong vài tuần qua?
    – Tôi nghĩ có vài lý do. Một trong những lý do mà điều này xảy ra ngay bây giờ là thực tế là phần lớn người Mỹ hoàn toàn không biết về vấn đề này cho đến gần đây. Tôi nhớ cách đây một năm đã nói chuyện tại một sự kiện riêng ở New York và có người hỏi tôi, “Vậy, hệ quả của sự chính trị đúng đắn là gì? Tại sao bạn lại chống lại nó đến vậy? Tại sao bạn lại chống lại sự kiểm duyệt?” Và tôi đã nói về những băng nhóm grooming và mọi người đã bị sốc. Họ thậm chí còn không biết, và đây là những người hiểu biết, có giáo dục, người am hiểu truyền thông và vân vân. Vì vậy, một trong những lý do là tôi nghĩ với rất nhiều người Mỹ, vấn đề này mới chỉ bắt đầu nổi lên trong tâm trí họ. Vấn đề thứ hai, tôi nghĩ, là Elon Musk hiểu điều tôi đã nói trước đó, đó là chúng ta hiện có một nền văn hóa Tây phương toàn cầu. Và những gì xảy ra ở Anh cũng quan trọng như những gì xảy ra ở Mỹ vì chúng ta hiện đang tồn tại đồng sinh với nhau. Khi có sự hạn chế ngôn luận ở Vương Quốc Anh, khi chúng ta có luật về những gì mọi người được phép nói, điều đó có tác động trên toàn thế giới. Khi bạn thấy Liên minh Châu Âu cố gắng thông qua luật về kiểm duyệt trực tuyến, điều đó có tác động vì nếu có điều gì đó xảy ra ở Vương Quốc Anh và ở nhiều quốc gia Châu Âu, thì chỉ cần một thời gian, người dân ở Mỹ sẽ nói, “Vậy, nhìn xem, họ có điều đó ở Châu Âu. Tại sao chúng ta không mang nó đến đây?” Và ngược lại. Vì vậy, những gì xảy ra ở Mỹ ảnh hưởng đến chúng ta ở Châu Âu và Vương Quốc Anh, và những gì xảy ra ở Châu Âu và Vương Quốc Anh lại ảnh hưởng đến Mỹ. Vậy nên điều mà tôi nghĩ Elon đang cố gắng làm là nói, “Chúng ta quan tâm đến nền văn minh của mình.” Elon thực sự không nói nhiều về Hoa Kỳ.
    Ông ấy nói về nền văn minh của chúng ta như tôi đã làm, vì tôi tin rằng hiện tại chúng ta đã trở thành một thể thống nhất ở mức độ rất đáng kể. Giờ đây, từ quan điểm văn minh của chúng ta, có phải việc các băng nhóm hiếp dâm hàng loạt ở Vương quốc Anh không được điều tra đầy đủ và bị đối xử không thích đáng bởi cảnh sát và chính phủ là một điều tốt không? Không, đó không phải là điều tốt, đó là một điều rất xấu. Vậy chúng ta sẽ giải quyết vấn đề đó như thế nào? Chà, chúng ta giải quyết vấn đề đó bằng cách gây áp lực lên chính phủ hiện tại. Giờ tôi không coi các băng nhóm lạm dụng tình dục là một vấn đề chính trị đảng phái. Đảng Bảo thủ thực sự đã không làm gì đúng đắn về vấn đề này, mặc dù có một số cá nhân trong nội các đã cố gắng làm điều gì đó như những gọi là sự can đảm. Nhưng ông ấy đang gây áp lực lên chính phủ hiện tại. Bạn có thể thấy ông ấy nhắm vào Nigel Farage và nói rằng Nigel Farage không phải là nhà lãnh đạo đúng đắn cho cải cách. Vì vậy, ông ấy đang cố gắng định hình chính trị Anh theo hướng mà ông ấy cảm thấy là đúng. Ông ấy muốn gì? Kết quả mà ông ấy muốn là gì? Nhìn xem, tôi không biết Elon muốn gì. Tôi không biết ông ấy cá nhân. Tôi thậm chí còn chưa có cơ hội phỏng vấn ông ấy, điều mà tôi thật sự mong chờ, vì tôi nghĩ ông ấy là một trong những nhà tư tưởng vĩ đại của thời đại chúng ta, bất kể bạn có thích ông ấy hay không. Tôi nghĩ điều đó là không thể phủ nhận. Nhưng cảm nhận của tôi là ông ấy đang cố gắng nói về tất cả những điều mà chúng ta đã thảo luận—tự do ngôn luận, sự kết thúc của chính trị bản sắc, và theo đuổi chế độ nhân tài, một tầm nhìn tiên phong, truyền cảm hứng cho tương lai, đó là lý do tại sao ông ấy đang nói về sao Hỏa và một tầm nhìn cho nền văn minh của chúng ta vượt lên trên sự cãi vã nhỏ nhặt mà chúng ta làm ở đây trên Trái Đất, và sự hiểu biết rằng con người sinh ra không phải để ở trong một nơi mà các bức tường đang dần dần đóng lại và cảm thấy mình đang suy tàn. Chúng ta không nên là một nền văn minh có 1,5 đứa trẻ mỗi phụ nữ và đơn giản là rời bỏ hành tinh Trái Đất vì chúng ta không thể sinh sản. Chúng ta phải nhìn về tương lai với hy vọng và lạc quan. Chúng ta phải nói, tôi muốn mọi thứ trở nên tốt đẹp hơn. Tôi muốn mọi thứ trở nên tốt đẹp hơn cho con cái của tôi. Tôi muốn có con. Tôi muốn tầm nhìn về xã hội của chúng ta là một tầm nhìn tích cực và lạc quan, và một cảm giác về một tầm nhìn tiên phong và cảm hứng. Đó là điều mà tôi nghĩ ông ấy muốn. Và tôi thực sự không thấy điều nào trong chính phủ hiện tại ở Vương quốc Anh. Và tôi nghĩ ông ấy đúng khi nhắm đến họ và nói, các bạn đang phá hủy nền kinh tế của đất nước. Các bạn đang phá hủy văn hóa của nó. Các bạn đang phá hủy cảm giác gắn kết của nó bằng cách cho phép nhập cư bất hợp pháp. Các bạn đang phá hủy cảm giác lạc quan và tầm nhìn ấy. Và các bạn không nói với mọi người, hãy xây dựng một cái gì đó tốt đẹp hơn. Các bạn đang nói, hãy giữ mọi thứ nhỏ bé. Hãy giữ mọi thứ nhỏ nhắn. Đừng vượt lên trên vị trí của chúng ta. Và tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần những người như vậy, bất hoàn hảo như họ có thể, theo nhiều cách khác nhau, để đẩy nền văn minh của chúng ta tiến lên. Để nói với chúng ta, có một tầm nhìn truyền cảm hứng mà chúng ta đang tiến về, thay vì chỉ ngồi im một chỗ và chờ chết, điều mà chúng ta đã làm quá lâu rồi. Vâng, tôi nghĩ Elon đang thực hiện những gì đã hứa. Ông ấy đã nói một năm trước rằng ông ấy sẽ hoàn toàn tháo dỡ virus tâm trí này toàn cầu. Và ông ấy sẽ đảm bảo chế độ nhân tài và tự do ngôn luận. Và khi ông ấy đặt tâm trí vào một điều gì đó, ông ấy có khả năng tập trung vào nó trong một thời gian rất dài, đến mức hầu hết mọi người không thể tưởng tượng được. Và ông ấy hoàn toàn sẵn sàng chịu đựng đau đớn. Ông ấy yêu thích cuộc chiến. Ông ấy rõ ràng có một tâm trí không thể thư giãn trừ khi ông ấy đang đấu tranh với một số vấn đề nào đó. Cách ông ấy làm việc cần có căng thẳng trong cuộc sống. Ông ấy cần có một kẻ thù lớn. Ông ấy cần có một cuộc chiến lớn để tham gia. Và tôi nghĩ Keir Starmer đã đánh dấu tất cả các hộp yêu cầu của ông ấy như một người để đối đầu. Tôi nghĩ điều thú vị là chúng ta nói về công nghệ lớn. Tôi thích việc Scott trước đó đã nói về việc tách bạch công nghệ lớn. Và tôi nghĩ có khả năng cho điều đó trong bốn năm tới. Tất cả những người như Trump và JD Vance và tất cả họ đều đã va chạm với công nghệ lớn. Và đây là cơ hội của họ để trả thù công nghệ lớn trong bốn năm tới. Họ có thể thực hiện một chút—bạn có thể thấy Google phải tách YouTube ra. Hoặc bạn có thể thấy AWS phải tách khỏi Amazon hoặc một cái gì đó như vậy. Ai biết được? Nhưng thật thú vị khi nhiều người trong số những người công nghệ lớn này, họ có thể đang thân thiết với Trump vì điều đó cũng có thể đang xảy ra. Có rất nhiều người trong số họ—Trump đã được chiều chuộng trong vài tuần qua. Tôi nghĩ Trump gần như đã khoe khoang về việc mọi người bay xuống Mar-a-Lago để chiều lòng ông ấy và gần gũi với ông ấy. Và giờ đây có một tiêu đề nói rằng có một chế độ tài phiệt công nghệ đang hình thành ở Hoa Kỳ, nơi Bezos và Elon và Zuck giờ đây đều là bạn và họ đứng sau Trump như một lực lượng thống nhất. Chỉ để chạm vào một vài điểm trong đó, nhưng cũng về thông điệp của Constantine rằng Elon đang làm điều này vì sự tốt đẹp của nhân loại, để nâng cao nhân loại, sự tham gia của ông ấy với Vương quốc Anh, nhưng sự tham gia rộng hơn của ông ấy trong chính trị hiện nay. Scott, điều đó có phù hợp với cách bạn nghĩ về Elon không? Và tôi khá tò mò muốn hỏi bạn tại sao bạn đã quyết định rời X để đến Blue Sky và Threads và những thứ như vậy. Vâng, tôi không thể phỏng đoán động lực của Elon Musk. Thành thật mà nói, tôi không hiểu ông ấy. Và hơn nữa, tôi không có chuyên môn để bình luận về các băng nhóm hiếp dâm. Đó là một vấn đề rất nghiêm trọng và gây khó chịu. Tôi không biết đủ để nói một cách thông minh về điều đó. Chỉ một chủ đề về kiểm duyệt, tuy nhiên, khi liên quan đến meta. Một dấu hiệu của một xã hội tự do và một nền dân chủ, là hầu như ai cũng có thể nói hầu như bất cứ điều gì về hầu như bất kỳ ai? Tôi tin điều đó. Câu hỏi là, liệu máy móc và bot có quyền tự do ngôn luận không? Vì nếu tôi nói điều gì đó—tôi tin—tôi có thể bị hoang tưởng, nhưng điều đó không có nghĩa là tôi sai.
    Tôi tin rằng các quỹ đầu tư mạo hiểm, mà các công ty trong danh mục đầu tư của họ tôi đã nói là đang được định giá quá cao, đã tuyển dụng hàng nghìn bot để về cơ bản chỉ nhắm vào tôi và tạo ra nhiều bài đăng tiêu cực trên X nhằm giảm thiểu tính tín nhiệm của tôi. Tôi nghĩ rằng vì tôi đã chỉ trích Putin, nên GRU đã thuê các trang trại troll để lập danh sách hàng nghìn người nhằm sử dụng bot để nói những điều disparaging về họ. Những bot đó có quyền tự do ngôn luận không? Thêm vào đó, khi Fox News phân phối thông tin cho các phát thanh viên của mình rằng máy bỏ phiếu Dominion đã bị Hugo Chavez vũ khí hóa ở Venezuela, bất chấp việc họ biết điều đó không đúng, nhưng họ vẫn yêu cầu các phát thanh viên của mình làm vậy. Sau đó, Dominion nói, điều này đã làm tổn hại đến công việc kinh doanh của chúng tôi, và các bạn biết đó là sai sự thật, nhưng vẫn quyết định truyền đạt thông tin đó. Các tòa án của họ thấy họ có trách nhiệm. Họ phải trả ba phần tư tỷ đô la. Những gì xảy ra tại Fox News như một đám cháy thùng rác so với đám mây nấm hạt nhân trên Meta. Vậy nên, nhiều điều chúng ta đang thảo luận ở đây, nếu bạn muốn nói rằng vaccine mRNA thay đổi DNA của bạn, tôi nghĩ bạn nên có quyền nói điều đó. Giọng nói của người bất đồng quan điểm là quan trọng, bởi vì đôi khi nhà lý thuyết âm mưu lại đúng. Câu hỏi là, khi bạn có một mô hình kinh doanh nâng cao nội dung gây tranh cãi, xấu xí vượt ngoài tầm với tự nhiên của nó, liệu bạn có nên được miễn trách nhiệm về mọi khiếu nại và phỉ báng mà các công ty truyền thông truyền thống phải chịu trách nhiệm hay không? Nếu chúng ta nói rằng vụ việc về Musk là một kẻ ấu dâm và bắt đầu trình bày các sự thật và bằng chứng về điều đó, và anh ấy có thể chứng minh rằng điều đó đã làm tổn hại đến khả năng của anh ấy trong việc huy động vốn cho Tesla, và anh ấy đã khởi kiện chống lại podcast này, tôi nghĩ rằng chúng ta sẽ gặp rắc rối lớn. Và trách nhiệm pháp lý đó là hợp lý. Nhưng các công ty truyền thông quyền lực nhất trên thế giới lại nhận được sự bảo vệ theo Điều 230. Vậy nên họ có một mô hình kinh doanh mà lý thuyết âm mưu hoặc nội dung mới, mà tiếng Latin có nghĩa là thực sự là nói dối, và càng tức giận, nó càng được nâng cao vượt ngoài tầm với tự nhiên của nó. Vậy nên trong khi tôi đồng ý rằng chúng ta nên có tự do ngôn luận, và bất kỳ ai cũng nên có thể nói gần như bất cứ điều gì họ muốn, thì có điều gì đó không đúng khi chúng ta có các thuật toán mà có động cơ lợi nhuận liên quan đến sự giận dữ, lý thuyết âm mưu, và những lời nói dối, và hai phần ba đảng Cộng hòa tin rằng cuộc bầu cử đã bị đánh cắp. Và khi một trong năm người Mỹ tin rằng 9/11 là một vụ việc trong nước, tôi có nghĩa là, hãy thành thật với nhau. Họ đã nghĩ như vậy trước khi có internet. Tôi nhớ đã xem tất cả các bộ phim Truth về 9/11 và tất cả những thứ đó. Nhưng quan điểm của bạn là đúng. Tôi hoàn toàn đồng ý. Nhân tiện, Elon cũng đồng ý với bạn. Khi ông ấy mua X, ông đã nói về vấn đề bot. Ông đã nói về việc khuếch đại sự giận dữ của chúng ta. Ông không làm được nhiều như tôi đã hy vọng ông ấy sẽ làm cho đến nay, nhưng tôi hy vọng họ sẽ giải quyết vấn đề đó. Bởi vì đó không phải là vấn đề của Elon hay X. Đây là một vấn đề công nghệ của thế giới hiện đại. Thực tế là, càng sống trực tuyến nhiều, bạn càng có nguy cơ về khả năng mà các chính phủ nước ngoài, cá nhân có thể tạo ra tài khoản giả, các trang trại bot, v.v., để ảnh hưởng đến cách chúng ta nhìn nhận tất cả những điều này. Và chúng ta sẽ phải chấp nhận thực tế đó. Bởi vì đó là một vấn đề công nghệ mà chúng ta sẽ phải giải quyết. Và chúng ta vẫn chưa làm được. Nó cũng rất dễ để mọi người bị mắc kẹt trong các bong bóng của chính họ, điều này là một hiện tượng mới. Đã từng có thời gian mà nếu bạn tin vào những điều điên rồ, bạn vẫn phải ngồi cạnh người khác trong nhà thờ và nói chuyện với họ về cuộc sống và những điều họ tin tưởng. Và bạn đã gặp phải những giọng nói khác biệt. Bạn đã gặp những người bình thường, lý trí có quan điểm rất khác bạn mà bạn phải làm bạn lâu dài. Trong khi hiện nay, nếu bạn có một quan điểm điên rồ nào đó, bạn có thể chỉ nói chuyện với những người có cùng quan điểm và chỉ chia sẻ nội dung củng cố những quan điểm đó cho đến một thời gian nào đó bạn trở nên cực đoan hóa. – Tôi nghĩ đó là một điểm rất quan trọng vì tôi thấy thật xấu hổ khi AILLMs không khám phá thế giới thực. Hôm qua, tôi có mặt tại Granger’s, có người đến nói với tôi, thích nội dung của bạn, chúng ta hãy chụp một bức ảnh. Họ rất dễ thương. Một người khác đến gặp tôi và nói, “Tôi không đồng ý với quan điểm của bạn về điều này, nhưng chúng ta có một cuộc nói chuyện lịch sự.” Và rồi tôi về nhà với 40 bot nói với tôi rằng tôi là giáo sư diệt chủng. Ý tôi là, mọi người ngoài đời thực, nói chung, tôi không biết liệu đó có phải vì mối đe dọa về sự bạo lực thể chất hay họ muốn quan hệ tình dục với bạn hoặc có thể họ nghĩ có một lúc nào đó bạn sẽ thuê con của họ, hay chỉ đơn giản là sự hòa hợp của con người, nhưng tôi thấy mọi người trong đời thực thường rất đáng yêu và tuyệt vời. Và thật xấu hổ khi những AILLMs này không khám phá điều này vì những điều dơ bẩn và một số thứ hèn hạ mà họ đang khám phá trực tuyến, mà tôi thậm chí không nghĩ phản ánh loài người của chúng ta. Tôi nghĩ nó phản ánh công nghệ có động cơ lợi nhuận xung quanh việc thúc đẩy nội dung gây tranh cãi, căm ghét nhất. Vậy nên phải có một tốc độ trung bình nào đó ở đây. Và tôi cũng có một điều muốn nói, Steve, bởi vì bạn không thích Chick-fil-A, hãy đừng ăn Chick-fil-A. Nếu Musk muốn chi 44 tỷ đô la và biến nó thành một quán bar khiêu dâm của Đức quốc xã, đó là quyền của ông ấy. Tôi không nghĩ rằng điều đó là trái luật. Tôi không nghĩ chính phủ nên can thiệp, nhưng tôi không phải trả tiền cho ông ấy và tôi có thể chuyển sang một nền tảng khác. Đó cũng là quyền của tôi. Và mọi người nói, oh, bạn chống lại tự do ngôn luận. Tôi chỉ nói, không, tôi không chống lại tự do ngôn luận, tôi chống lại việc ở trên một nền tảng khiến tôi cảm thấy tồi tệ. Vậy nên ông ấy có quyền và tất cả những quan điểm này xung quanh meta, tự do ngôn luận, thì điều đó có phần khác một chút vì họ kiểm soát quá nhiều truyền thông, nhưng đây là các công ty truyền thông và họ nên chịu trách nhiệm về những lời phỉ báng hoặc bôi nhọ, tương tự như các công ty truyền thông truyền thống cũng có trách nhiệm.
    Tôi nghĩ rằng chúng ta có thể giải quyết rất nhiều vấn đề này chỉ bằng cách xóa bỏ 230 sự bảo vệ cho nội dung được nâng cao một cách thuật toán. Nếu bạn quyết định nâng cao nội dung vượt ra ngoài tầm tiếp cận tự nhiên của nó, thì bạn đang đưa ra một quyết định biên tập và bạn nên chịu trách nhiệm nếu điều đó thực sự là phỉ báng hoặc làm tổn hại danh dự. – Tôi nghĩ đó thực sự là một cách thú vị để xử lý vấn đề này. Và chúng ta cũng đang sống trong một thế giới mà tính đến năm nay, một số nội dung tuyệt vời nhất mà bạn sẽ đọc sẽ được tạo ra bằng thuật toán và một số nội dung hấp dẫn nhất. Vậy ý tưởng mà Scott đang nói về việc liệu bot có nên có quyền tự do phát biểu không, nghe có vẻ như một chủ đề trí tuệ, kiểu như trí thức giả tạo, nhưng nó thực sự là một chủ đề rất thực tiễn theo nghĩa bot giờ đây có thể tạo ra những cuộc trò chuyện rất dễ dàng và bạn có thể dành cả ngày nói chuyện với một bot mà không biết. – Thật buồn cười, chủ đề này đã xuất hiện vì trong tuần qua, tôi đã nhận được rất nhiều tin nhắn trên WhatsApp từ bạn bè, thực sự tôi đã nhận được hai tweet ngày hôm qua, mà bạn có thể thấy nếu bạn chỉ cần tìm kiếm tên tôi, vì trên X trong thời điểm này, có nhiều quảng cáo đang chạy là những bài viết giả mạo với tiêu đề BBC giả mạo có khuôn mặt của tôi. Nó nói những điều như “Ngân hàng Anh đang kiện Steve Bartlett.” Và điều này đang chạy như một quảng cáo được tài trợ trên X. Và mọi người đang tweet cho tôi những điều này. Bạn tôi nói mỗi khi anh ấy làm mới nguồn tin, anh ấy thấy một quảng cáo tài trợ mới về một bài viết giả mạo về tôi. Và đôi khi thì như, không thể tin điều này xảy ra với Steve và đó là một bài báo BBC. Bạn nhấp vào đó, bạn sẽ bị lừa. Tôi nghĩ đó là một trò lừa đảo tiền điện tử, tôi không muốn nhấp vào. Tôi sẽ gửi liên kết cho các bạn để các bạn có thể nhấp vào đó cho tôi. Nhưng tôi chỉ, điều đó thực sự, vì đó là một bot, có nhiều bot khác nhau, nhiều tài khoản đã được tạo ra, tất cả đều là tài khoản đã được xác minh, và đó là hình ảnh được tạo ra bằng AI với một quảng cáo trả phí đứng sau. Đó là điều thực sự làm tôi khó chịu, tôi hiểu rằng mọi người có thể đăng tải những thông tin tồi, nhưng việc tài trợ cho nó là một cấp độ phỉ báng mới. Một trong những điều lớn mà tôi đã nghĩ rất nhiều mà tôi chưa chia sẻ là về số lượng mạng xã hội đã xuất hiện. Trong 10 năm qua, đã có sự gia tăng 50% trong số các mạng xã hội mới xuất hiện. Và chúng ta đang thấy sự phân mảnh của các mạng xã hội đang diễn ra, các cuộc trò chuyện, bầu trời xanh, các chủ đề. Và dường như, khi nói về các buồn tẻ, mạng xã hội đang trở thành một dạng môi trường chính trị. Và bây giờ bạn đang chọn mạng xã hội của mình dựa trên chính trị của mình. Điều này không có vẻ là một điều tích cực đối với xã hội. – Không, không, tôi nghĩ chúng ta đang sống trong một kỷ nguyên phân mảnh thực tế của chúng ta. Và điều này đến từ điểm của Scott về việc mọi người hành xử tốt hơn khi gặp mặt, điều đó là đúng. Mặc dù tôi sẽ nói rằng có hiệu ứng kính chắn gió, hay hiệu ứng kính chắn, đó là nếu ai đó cắt ngang bạn trên đường và bạn cảm thấy có một sự tách biệt nào đó giữa hai bạn, hầu hết mọi người hành xử hơi khác biệt trong ngữ cảnh đó so với khi họ đang ngồi cạnh ai đó đối mặt trực tiếp trong một quán bar. Vậy có điều gì đó về việc hiện diện vật lý với những người khác thay đổi điều đó, đây là một trong những lý do, tôi biết bạn gần như có tất cả các cuộc phỏng vấn của mình mặt đối mặt và chúng tôi cũng vậy, bởi vì nhìn chung, rất khó để kết nối một cách chân thực với mọi người. Rõ ràng là chúng tôi đã quản lý để làm điều đó trong quá trình cuộc trò chuyện này, nhưng ngoài điều đó, nó rất khó. Và vì vậy chúng tôi sẽ phải làm việc về điều đó. Nhưng điều tôi đang cố gắng nói là đây không phải là một vấn đề chính trị. Đây không phải là một vấn đề của Elon Musk. Đây là một vấn đề công nghệ. Chúng ta đang sống qua, có thể đã sống qua phần lớn cuộc cách mạng kỹ thuật số. Và tôi từng, khi còn là một đứa trẻ, yêu những cuốn sách khoa học viễn tưởng của Isaac Asimov. Và một trong những lý do tôi thích đọc chúng đến vậy là vì đó là một thế giới trong đó có sự khám phá về những gì việc tạo ra robot, điều mà chúng ta đang sống qua, có ý nghĩa gì cho đạo đức? Nó có ý nghĩa gì cho triết học? Nó có ý nghĩa gì cho nhân loại? Nó có ý nghĩa gì cho… Làm thế nào chúng ta xây dựng quy tắc trong một thế giới mà bạn có những cỗ máy này mà theo từng quy tắc một cách nghiêm ngặt và đột nhiên bạn nhận ra rằng mong muốn bảo vệ nhân loại lại dẫn đến sự kết thúc của nhân loại? Làm thế nào bạn điều hướng tất cả những điều này? Và đó là điều mà chúng ta đang trải qua. Chúng ta cũng đang sống trong một khoảng thời gian khi thực tế của chúng ta đang bị phân mảnh. Và vì vậy chúng ta tin vào một tập hợp rất nhỏ những điều mà những người khác giống chúng ta ở đâu đó trong một phần rất khác của thế giới, như Daniel đã nói trước đây, cũng tin. Và bây giờ chúng ta sống trong này, chúng ta không sống ở Anh hay ở Scotland hay ở Mỹ. Chúng ta sống gần như như trong một thế giới của những người có cùng suy nghĩ với chúng ta ở phương Tây. Và rồi những người khác sống ngay bên cạnh chúng ta lại sống trong một thế giới hoàn toàn khác bởi vì họ tiếp nhận một tập hợp thông tin hoàn toàn khác. Đó là thực tế. Chúng ta có thể phàn nàn về điều đó. Điều đó sẽ không thay đổi. Và điều duy nhất mà tôi thực sự muốn nêu ra nơi tôi không đồng ý với Scott về ý tưởng rằng Facebook và X, v.v., là họ là những nhà xuất bản chứ không phải là nền tảng. Tôi không nghĩ bạn có thể áp dụng cùng một phần tổ chức truyền thông vào họ. Nó không, tôi không nghĩ là phù hợp. Họ là những nền tảng trong đó mọi người xuất bản thông tin. Việc khuếch đại nhân tạo là một điểm hợp lý. Chúng ta cần giải quyết vấn đề đó. Chúng ta cần giải quyết vấn đề bot. Đó là một vấn đề rất khó khăn vì một trong những thách thức là cách duy nhất mà tôi thấy có thể giải quyết thực sự vấn đề bot là yêu cầu mọi người xác minh danh tính của họ trực tuyến.
    Rõ ràng có rất nhiều câu hỏi xoay quanh điều đó, bởi vì khi bạn bắt đầu ép buộc mọi người phải cung cấp danh tính của họ cho một cái gì đó ẩn danh trên mạng, thì ai là người đang thu thập dữ liệu đó? Họ đang làm gì với nó? Và nếu bạn không thích Elon Musk hoặc nếu bạn không thích chế độ Twitter trước đây như tôi thì câu hỏi đặt ra cho bạn là, giả sử ngay bây giờ tôi nhìn vào Twitter và tôi sẵn lòng xác minh danh tính của mình. Tôi sẵn lòng xác nhận tôi là ai. Vậy thì điều gì sẽ xảy ra nếu George Soros mua X của Elon tại một thời điểm nào đó? Bạn có còn hạnh phúc khi thông tin đó được nắm giữ không? Bạn có còn hạnh phúc khi tài khoản ẩn danh mà bạn vừa xác nhận không? Điều gì sẽ xảy ra với những nhà hoạt động ẩn danh nói về chế độ của Ayatollah ở Iran? Điều gì sẽ xảy ra với họ khi họ phải xác minh danh tính của mình và người không đúng mua nền tảng của chúng tôi hoặc ai đó hack nó, v.v.? Đây là một cuộc trò chuyện không đơn giản, nếu có những giải pháp dễ dàng cho những vấn đề này, chúng đã được giải quyết từ lâu. Đây là một điều rất khó khăn mà nhân loại phải điều hướng và chúng ta sẽ phải tìm ra cách làm điều đó một cách dần dần.
    – Tôi chỉ muốn phản hồi về điều đó. Tôi nghĩ bạn đang mắc phải cùng một ảo tưởng phức tạp mà bảo vệ những công ty này khỏi hành động như những tác nhân, đến mức họ có thể làm bất cứ điều gì mà không quan tâm đến thiệt hại cho cộng đồng, chỉ để gia tăng giá trị cho cổ đông. Nếu bạn thực hiện, trước tiên, khái niệm rằng bạn không muốn từ bỏ danh tính của mình, hãy tin tôi, họ đã biết mọi thứ về bạn, Constantine, rồi. Và tôi có thể dễ dàng lấy rất nhiều thông tin về bạn từ mạng tối chỉ với một thẻ tín dụng. Vì vậy, khái niệm rằng bằng cách nào đó chúng ta không nên có một loại, bạn có thể có, chúng ta cần xác minh độ tuổi cho mạng xã hội. Không có lý do gì mà bất kỳ ai ở tuổi 16 nên có mặt trên nền tảng mạng xã hội. Về các nhà hoạt động quyền công dân hoặc các nhà hoạt động vì quyền phụ nữ cần sự ẩn danh, bạn có thể tạo ra một số tài khoản và sử dụng blockchain hoặc một loại bên thứ ba ẩn danh nào đó để có một số tài khoản nói rằng, nhìn này, nếu bạn muốn một tài khoản ẩn danh tương đương, bạn muốn chế nhạo mọi người, tuyệt. Nếu bạn muốn một tài khoản nói về các vấn đề mà bạn cảm thấy nhạy cảm từ các thị trường khác, thì tốt. Chúng ta có thể hoàn toàn tìm ra điều đó và sau đó tìm ra, được rồi, tài khoản này không làm gì cả. Nó không có nền tảng, không có linh hồn, không có giá trị. Nó có 72 người theo dõi. Tất cả những gì nó đang làm là cố gắng gây gổ trực tuyến. Tất cả những gì nó đang làm là cố gắng khiến mọi người cảm thấy tồi tệ về Anh hoặc tồi tệ về Mỹ. Và thực tế là những công ty này sử dụng ảo tưởng phức tạp đó để họ có thể có nhiều bot hơn, tạo ra nhiều cú nhấp chuột giả hơn, nhiều quảng cáo Nissan hơn và nhiều giá trị cho cổ đông hơn. Tôi nghĩ có một điểm giữa ở đây. Tôi nghĩ chúng ta có thể tìm ra điều này.
    – Tôi đồng ý, tốt, đó là những gì tôi đang nói. Tôi nghĩ một số ý tưởng mà bạn đưa ra có thể đúng hoặc sai, tôi không biết. Nhưng đây là những cuộc trò chuyện mà chúng ta nên có. Làm thế nào để chúng ta đảm bảo? Tôi có một đứa con trai hai tuổi rưỡi và vợ tôi đã trở thành một người rất khắt khe về màn hình, vì vậy có lẽ nó sẽ không có điện thoại cho đến khi nó khoảng 40 tuổi. Nhưng tôi nghĩ rằng quan điểm của bạn về việc mọi người không nên có mặt trên mạng xã hội là đúng. Mọi người không nên sử dụng mạng xã hội cho đến khi họ 16 tuổi. Điều đó hoàn toàn đúng. Cái mà điều đó đang gây ra cho tâm trí của, à, hoặc mọi người, nhưng đặc biệt là những người trẻ tuổi rất dễ bị ảnh hưởng, bạn hoàn toàn đúng. Dimensión xác thực là rất khó, như tôi đã nói. Chúng ta sẽ phải thảo luận tất cả điều này như một nhân loại. Chúng ta chỉ cần phải làm rõ tất cả điều này. Làm thế nào để chúng ta sống trong thế giới mới mà chúng ta hiện đang sống? Nó sẽ cần một chút thời gian. Và tôi hy vọng nó không tồi tệ như lần cuối cùng không gian thông tin được cách mạng hóa, đó là máy in. Điều đó đã gây ra khoảng hai thế kỷ chiến tranh tôn giáo. Hy vọng rằng chúng ta có thể tránh được điều đó. Và một phần để làm được điều đó là tạo ra môi trường không bị kiểm duyệt, nơi mọi người có thể bày tỏ những ý tưởng khác nhau. Chúng ta có thể có những trận chiến này và cuối cùng đạt được một loại hiểu biết lẫn nhau nào đó. Tôi hy vọng điều đó sẽ xảy ra.
    – Điều mà tôi muốn hỏi tất cả các bạn để kết thúc cuộc trò chuyện này là những cuộc trò chuyện này thường phản ánh một chút những gì đang có trong chu kỳ tin tức. Và những gì trong chu kỳ tin tức thường phản ánh những gì mọi người đang nhấp chuột. Và nhiều điều trong số đó được điều khiển bởi nỗi sợ hãi và loại nội dung kể chuyện của từng thời đại, cho dù đó là di cư hay lễ nhậm chức của Trump. Nhưng ý tưởng quan trọng lớn mà chúng ta không nói đến là gì? Điều quan trọng nhất mà chúng ta nên nói đến nhưng hiện không nhận được đủ sự chú ý liên quan đến tương lai của phương Tây là gì? Và đó là một câu hỏi lớn và rộng. Tôi sẽ bắt đầu với bạn, Daniel.
    – Đối với tôi, đó là hệ thống giáo dục. Tôi nghĩ hệ thống giáo dục không chuẩn bị cho mọi người một cách tốt nhất cho thế giới đang tồn tại và mà chúng ta đang giảng dạy. Chúng ta chưa hiểu rằng trí tuệ nhân tạo sẽ là công nghệ lớn nhất, gây rối nhất trong cuộc sống của những đứa trẻ của chúng ta và rằng những công việc mà chúng ta nghĩ rằng chúng có thể đảm nhận có lẽ sẽ không tồn tại. Chúng ta cần có cái nhìn triệt để về ý tưởng rằng trẻ em nên đi học cùng nhóm tuổi hoặc học một bộ chủ đề nhất định hoặc rằng nó nên dựa trên chủ đề. Chúng ta cần khám phá, có những mô hình tốt hơn cho hệ thống giáo dục không, để chuẩn bị cho mọi người cho thế giới mà chúng ta sẽ bước vào? Hệ thống giáo dục hiện tại của chúng ta có nguồn gốc từ đầu những năm 1800. Nó về cơ bản dựa trên một hệ thống giáo dục quân sự ở Phổ và đó là nơi nó tiến hóa từ đó.
    Tôi nghĩ điều chúng ta cần làm là suy nghĩ về những kỹ năng mà con cái chúng ta sẽ cần. – Tôi thấy hai vấn đề và tôi chỉ có thể, tôi không cảm thấy mình có thể hiểu hết những vấn đề của Vương quốc Anh, nhưng về chủ đề cực đoan chính trị ở Mỹ, tôi sẽ đặt nó ở số hai với nhiệt độ âm 40 độ C và F và vì hệ thống bầu cử của chúng ta và Citizens United, những người ở cực tả điên cuồng và những người ở cực hữu điên cuồng đều được đại diện quá mức và họ gặp nhau để đồng ý về chi tiêu bừa bãi, chi tiêu thâm hụt, họ cùng nhau đồng ý về nạn bài Do Thái và có quá nhiều người ở cực tả và cực hữu, còn những người ở giữa, vai trò của họ là thiểu số, họ không được đại diện. Tuy nhiên, tôi nghĩ mối đe dọa lớn nhất mà mọi người không nói đến và tôi thực sự đã dành một chút thời gian để nói chuyện với chính quyền về điều này hoặc chính quyền trước đây, tôi nên nói vậy, là sự cô đơn. Điều đó có nghĩa là bạn có những công ty và những người có tiềm lực tài chính gấp rút nhất, nguồn lực tốt nhất trong thế giới này đang cố gắng thuyết phục mọi người, đặc biệt là đàn ông trẻ, rằng họ có một bản sao hợp lý của cuộc sống trên một màn hình với một thuật toán và tôi nghĩ họ thực sự điên cuồng. Tôi nghĩ họ thức dậy và họ béo phì và cô đơn và không có kỹ năng. Chúng ta đã nói về điều này, tôi nghĩ người trẻ, tôi nói điều này một cách đùa giỡn, nhưng nghiêm túc, tôi nghĩ người trẻ cần ra ngoài, uống nhiều hơn, đưa ra nhiều quyết định sai lầm và có thể sẽ có được lợi ích. Tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần, tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần phải, tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần nhiều tình dục hơn. Tôi nghĩ chúng ta cần nhiều người hơn ở những không gian thứ ba, ý tôi là, nhiều nhà thờ hơn, nhiều tôn giáo hơn, nhiều thể chế hơn, dịch vụ quốc gia, chúng ta là động vật có vú và tôi lo lắng rằng một trong bảy người đàn ông không có một người bạn nào. Một trong bốn người đàn ông không thể kể tên một người bạn thân nhất. Vì vậy, dịch bệnh cô đơn này nơi mọi người bị mắc kẹt trong một bong bóng và bắt đầu tham gia vào lý thuyết âm mưu, không tin tưởng nhau, đổ lỗi cho phụ nữ, đổ lỗi cho quốc gia, tự gây hại. Tôi chỉ, tôi lo lắng về điều đó. Bạn biết tôi nói gì với những người đàn ông trẻ, tôi huấn luyện nhiều người đàn ông trẻ, các bộ phim hài lãng mạn là hai giờ, không phải 15 phút vì lý do nào đó. Điều này thật khó khăn và đáng giá. Nhưng tôi lo lắng rằng chúng ta đang nuôi dưỡng, như tôi đã nói, một loài mới không xã hội, vô tính, được gọi là người đàn ông trẻ Mỹ đang béo phì, lo âu và chỉ là một công dân tồi tệ. – Konstantin, điều quan trọng nhất vào năm 2025 mà không được chú ý đủ. – Ở Vương quốc Anh và ở hầu hết châu Âu, đó là một vấn đề mà Daniel đã nêu ra trước đó, là ở Vương quốc Anh, giá năng lượng của chúng tôi gấp bốn lần giá ở Hoa Kỳ. Đó là một quyết định mang tính tư tưởng. Nó được thực hiện vì chúng ta đang cứu hành tinh, đó là điều mà chúng ta được thông báo. Thực tế là sự đóng góp của chúng ta vào lượng carbon toàn cầu là chúng ta chịu trách nhiệm cho 2% lượng carbon toàn cầu trên thế giới. Khiến cho người hưu trí Anh đông lạnh đến chết mỗi mùa đông vì họ không đủ khả năng chi trả các hóa đơn nhiên liệu không phải là giải pháp cho thay đổi khí hậu. Và nếu bạn khuếch đại điều đó hơn nữa, khiến các doanh nghiệp phải đóng cửa, làm cho nền kinh tế của chúng ta không còn cạnh tranh, khiến sự giàu có của Anh không thể tạo ra cho chính nó và cho tương lai của nó không phải là vị trí đạo đức. Net zero, đó là sự nghèo đói của xã hội chúng ta vì lý do tư tưởng, đã được định vị như một nguyên nhân đạo đức. Chúng ta đang cứu hành tinh, chúng ta đang chấm dứt thay đổi khí hậu. Chúng ta không làm bất kỳ điều nào trong số đó. Tất cả những gì chúng ta đang làm là thể hiện đạo đức và khiến những công dân đồng hương của chúng ta phải chịu đựng. Vậy điều chúng ta nên nói đến là làm thế nào để làm cho năng lượng trở nên rẻ lại để chúng ta có thể có một nền kinh tế thịnh vượng? Và bạn biết không? Khi mọi người thịnh vượng, đó là khi họ thực sự bắt đầu có trách nhiệm về ô nhiễm, về việc vứt bỏ những thứ mà họ không cần. Và cũng khi bạn có tiền, đó là khi bạn có thể đầu tư tiền vào nghiên cứu khoa học cho phép bạn tìm ra các hình thức năng lượng sạch và tốt hơn. Đó là điều chúng ta nên làm. Chúng ta nên đảm bảo rằng chúng ta tạo ra càng nhiều của cải càng tốt cho những công dân đồng hương của chúng ta vì nhiều người đang gặp khó khăn. Và tôi nghĩ thật sự, thật sự vô đạo đức khi làm nghèo những người hưu trí đã nghèo ở đất nước này và ngăn cản các doanh nghiệp tuyển dụng người và cung cấp cho họ công việc và cơ hội, bao gồm cả những người trẻ mà Scott đang nói đến vì chúng ta đang cứu hành tinh và chúng ta đang cố gắng giữ cho Greta nhỏ bé hạnh phúc. Chúng ta không làm bất kỳ điều nào trong số đó. Chúng ta không thành công trong điều đó. Chúng ta nên ngừng giả vờ và chúng ta nên làm những gì Donald Trump nói ông ấy dự định làm, đó là khoan, bé, khoan. Chúng ta nên khám phá và khai thác tất cả các nguồn năng lượng mà chúng ta có trong đất nước này để tạo ra năng lượng sạch và các hình thức năng lượng tốt hơn cho tương lai cũng như để cải thiện phúc lợi của những công dân đồng hương của chúng ta. Đó là điều chúng ta nên nói đến nhiều hơn rất nhiều so với những gì chúng ta đang làm. – Bạn cần năng lượng rẻ, bạn đúng. Đó là điều tôi muốn tranh luận, tôi nghĩ sẽ là khí tự nhiên hóa lỏng và hạt nhân. Chúng ta chưa nói về trí tuệ nhân tạo. Trí tuệ nhân tạo cần gấp 10 lần năng lượng cho mỗi truy vấn AI so với một truy vấn Google, điểm nghẽn là năng lượng. Tôi sẽ tranh luận rằng ở Mỹ, tôi nghĩ chúng ta sẽ được lợi nhiều hơn từ việc, khác với khoan, bé, khoan, xây dựng, bé, xây dựng. Tôi nghĩ người trẻ đã thấy giá nhà chỉ tăng lên một cách điên rồ. Có một lợi ích tâm lý đối với việc hình thành hộ gia đình, tiết kiệm bắt buộc. Vì vậy, tôi không, tôi sẽ giữ lời của bạn vì bạn là một người thông minh rằng Vương quốc Anh đã thực hiện một loạt các chính sách. Thông tin về năng lượng bạn viết, thật đáng kinh ngạc. Nhưng ở Mỹ, như tôi đã nói, chúng ta, tôi không muốn nói chúng ta đang chìm trong dầu. Chúng ta đã có nhiều giấy phép khoan được cấp dưới thời Biden hơn so với thời Trump trước đó. Ý tôi là, chỉ để nói Biden là phản năng lượng hay rằng chúng ta có mức giá năng lượng bị bơm phồng quá mức. Điều đó thực sự không xảy ra ở Mỹ. Tôi muốn, chúng ta cần, chúng ta cần nhiều nhà hơn ở Mỹ.
    – Và ở Vương quốc Anh cũng vậy, Stephen,
    hãy để tôi nói trước khi bạn kết thúc,
    điền thêm một chút thông tin thống kê.
    Rõ ràng là mọi người đều hiểu rằng về mặt địa chính trị
    chúng ta đang ở trong một thời điểm khá căng thẳng
    và có rất nhiều xung đột đang diễn ra.
    Anh Quốc hiện đang ở trong một vị trí
    mà chúng ta sẽ phải vật lộn.
    Bạn phải nhớ đến lịch sử của người Anh.
    Anh Quốc, Britannia thống trị đại dương, đúng không?
    Cách mà Anh Quốc trở thành một quốc gia vĩ đại
    trong suốt lịch sử là nhờ có một sức mạnh,
    chúng ta sẽ gặp khó khăn trong việc xây dựng các tàu chiến bây giờ
    vì chúng ta đã đóng cửa tất cả các nhà máy thép
    vì chúng ta muốn hướng đến phát triển bền vững, đúng không?
    Thật điên rồ.
    Và trên mọi vấn đề khác liên quan đến năng lượng và công nghiệp,
    chúng ta thực chất đã chuyển
    các cơ sở sản xuất của mình sang các quốc gia khác một cách có ý thức.
    Được rồi, ý tưởng tuyệt vời, toàn cầu hóa,
    làm cho mọi thứ rẻ hơn, vận chuyển mọi thứ, thật tuyệt vời.
    Được rồi, chuyện gì đã xảy ra trong thời kỳ COVID?
    Chuyện gì đã xảy ra khi đột nhiên toàn bộ chuỗi sản xuất
    không vận hành theo cách mà chúng thường làm?
    Ồ, Trung Quốc đột nhiên tích trữ tất cả khẩu trang.
    Thú vị, vậy bạn nghĩ điều gì sẽ xảy ra
    khi có một cuộc chiến?
    Hay họ sẽ tiếp tục vận chuyển thép cho chúng ta
    để làm các tàu chiến và máy bay chiến đấu
    mà chúng ta cần để chống lại họ?
    Bạn nghĩ điều đó sẽ xảy ra sao?
    Tất cả những điều này, toàn bộ chương trình này
    là sự điên rồ mang tính triết lý.
    Và điều mà Ed Miliband sắp làm với đất nước này
    về vấn đề này,
    cần phải nói nhiều hơn nữa.
    Và đó là về sự thịnh vượng kinh tế.
    Nó liên quan đến nhà ở, vì một trong những lý do
    chúng ta không xây dựng nhiều nhà ở như chúng ta cần
    là một lần nữa, việc xây dựng nhà ở tạo ra khí thải.
    Và chúng ta không muốn không xanh,
    vì vậy đó là lý do mà những người trong độ tuổi 30 và 40
    hiện đang sống chung trong những căn hộ 4 người, đúng không?
    Chúng ta phải từ bỏ nỗi ám ảnh với mục tiêu phát thải ròng bằng không.
    Chúng ta phải xây dựng, chúng ta phải khoan,
    chúng ta phải sản xuất năng lượng,
    và chúng ta phải ngừng nghĩ
    rằng điều đúng đắn cần làm
    là làm cho những công dân nghèo của chúng ta phải chịu đựng
    vì một lý do mà chúng ta cảm thấy tốt về việc cứu hành tinh,
    điều mà chúng ta thậm chí còn không hy vọng cứu được bằng cách này.
    – Các bạn ơi, cảm ơn rất nhiều vì tất cả những quan điểm của các bạn.
    Một trong những điều tôi nhận ra khi các bạn đang nói là
    tất cả các bạn đều là những người cha, và tất cả các bạn đều là cha của những cậu bé,
    mặc dù các bạn là cha của những cậu bé ở độ tuổi khác nhau.
    Vì vậy, tôi muốn dành cho các bạn 30 giây nếu có thể,
    và có lẽ đây là tôi đang xin lời khuyên cho chính mình,
    nhưng dựa trên tất cả những gì đang xảy ra trên thế giới,
    điều này có thể cảm thấy cực kỳ khó hiểu,
    đặc biệt là đối với những người trẻ,
    nơi mà chúng ta thường nhận được nhiều thông tin
    từ các phòng tắm âm thanh khác nhau,
    lời khuyên mà các bạn sẽ đưa ra cho
    những cậu bé trẻ của mình để chuẩn bị tốt nhất cho chúng
    trong tương lai vài năm tới,
    bắt đầu từ bạn, Dan.
    – Vâng, tôi có một cô con gái sáu tuổi,
    một cậu con trai bảy tuổi và một cậu con trai mười tuổi.
    Đây là một thời điểm cực kỳ khó hiểu
    vì việc chuẩn bị cho chúng trong một thế giới đang thay đổi nhanh chóng
    là rất khó khăn.
    Chúng tôi đang tiếp cận với nhiều kiến thức tổng quát
    về nhiều lĩnh vực khác nhau để bạn có thể sử dụng AI
    để đào sâu vào các chủ đề khác nhau.
    Chúng tôi khuyến khích trẻ em tương tác
    với các cuộc trò chuyện với AI được giám sát
    và cho chúng biết công nghệ đó có sẵn.
    Chúng tôi cũng chỉ tập trung vào một số kỹ năng thủ công,
    như cách sửa chữa một chiếc máy nước nóng và cách cưa gỗ
    và những thứ như vậy.
    Và cả những hoạt động như lớp học diễn xuất,
    đứng trên sân khấu và biểu diễn.
    Vì vậy, tất cả những điều đó đều là những thứ điển hình,
    nhưng thành thật mà nói, đó là một nỗi lo âu trong cuộc sống của tôi
    chỉ việc nghĩ về thế giới sẽ như thế nào
    trong 10 hoặc 15 năm tới,
    nơi mà chúng sẽ bước vào.
    Vì vậy, nếu bạn có câu trả lời rõ ràng về điều này,
    tôi rất cởi mở để học hỏi.
    – Đối với tôi, con trai tôi mới hai tuổi rưỡi,
    vì vậy đây hơi sớm cho buổi trò chuyện này,
    nhưng thông điệp của tôi với cậu bé khi cậu đủ tuổi để nghe
    sẽ là như thế này.
    Ông nội của bạn, cụ ông của bạn,
    ông của tôi đã bị đưa đi làm lao động nô lệ
    từ Ukraine Xô Viết đến Đức Quốc xã.
    Cụ ông của bạn đã được sinh ra,
    cụ bà của bạn thì được sinh ra ở Gulag của Xô Viết.
    Cụ bà của bạn đã sống qua thời kỳ Đức chiếm đóng
    và giờ đây đang sống qua cuộc xâm lược của Vladimir Putin
    vào Ukraine.
    Bạn không sống trong thời điểm tồi tệ nhất.
    Bạn bị bao quanh bởi những kẻ yếu đuối.
    Nếu bạn là đàn ông và nếu bạn làm công việc của mình
    và nếu bạn học những kỹ năng mà bạn cần làm
    và nếu bạn theo đuổi những điều mà bạn muốn làm
    trong cuộc sống của bạn với khả năng tốt nhất của mình,
    nếu bạn tin vào bản thân,
    nếu bạn tin rằng bạn có tài năng,
    nếu bạn thực sự đạt được những điều mà bạn đặt ra trong tâm trí,
    chưa bao giờ có thời điểm tốt hơn trong lịch sử nhân loại
    so với bây giờ.
    Bạn chủ yếu bị bao quanh bởi những người
    cảm thấy thương hại cho bản thân.
    Nếu bạn không phải là một trong số họ, bạn sẽ thành công rực rỡ.
    Những cô gái trẻ đang tìm kiếm một người đàn ông trẻ như bạn
    thật sự sẽ đứng lên cho bản thân,
    người thật sự sẽ ra ngoài và thành công và tự tin.
    Hãy là điều đó và bạn sẽ thành công rực rỡ
    khi nói đến việc tìm kiếm người bạn đời phù hợp cho mình.
    Bạn sẽ thành công rực rỡ khi nói đến việc kiếm tiền.
    Bạn sẽ thành công rực rỡ khi nói đến sự nghiệp của mình.
    Bạn sẽ thành công rực rỡ trong mọi mặt
    bởi vì tiêu chuẩn chưa bao giờ thấp hơn.
    Tiêu chuẩn chưa bao giờ thấp hơn.
    Vậy hãy ra ngoài và là một người đàn ông và cuộc sống sẽ thật tuyệt vời.
    – Tôi lớn tuổi hơn.
    Tôi có hai cậu con trai, 14 và 17 tuổi, và quan sát của tôi là
    bạn không thể nói với chúng bất cứ điều gì.
    Điều tốt nhất bạn có thể làm là cố gắng mô hình hành vi cho chúng.
    Vì vậy, tôi đang cố gắng rất tử tế với mẹ chúng.
    Tôi đang cố gắng cho chúng thấy rằng nếu bạn nghiêm túc
    về việc có một gia đình tốt,
    bạn phải là một người bạn đời tốt bụng, yêu thương.
    Tôi đang cố gắng giữ gìn sức khỏe thể chất
    và điều này ngày càng trở nên khó khăn.
    Tôi đang cố gắng trở nên quyết đoán xung quanh chúng
    về mặt kinh doanh và cố gắng tốt bụng.
    Và những gì tôi làm, tôi thực sự nói chuyện với chúng
    về khái niệm giá trị thặng dư.
    Tôi như là, hiện tại thì các cậu đang là người có nhu cầu.
    Hệ thống giáo dục ở Vương quốc Anh, điều thật tuyệt vời, đang đầu tư rất nhiều vào bạn và bạn gần như không đáp lại gì cả. Ý tôi là, mẹ bạn yêu bạn nhiều hơn bạn yêu chúng tôi. Bạn chỉ đang lấy đi tài nguyên khắp mọi nơi. Bạn là một gánh nặng net negative. Cột mốc trưởng thành của bạn là trong sex hoặc một nghi thức tôn giáo nào đó. Cột mốc trưởng thành của bạn là khi bạn bắt đầu tạo ra giá trị thặng dư. Bạn yêu nhiều người hơn bạn tiếp nhận. Bạn nghe nhiều phàn nàn hơn bạn phàn nàn. Bạn tạo ra nhiều doanh thu hơn bạn tiếp nhận. Đó là khái niệm về giá trị thặng dư. Và tôi có một mẹo gọi là những gì một người đàn ông làm. Tôi đã làm điều này khi họ còn là trẻ con và khi khách mời của tôi đến, một người đàn ông sẽ đi lấy hành lý của họ và đặt vào phòng của họ. Một người đàn ông luôn quét trên bàn để tìm những ly nước trống. Và tôi có một trong những khoảnh khắc tự hào nhất mà tôi từng có là khi thằng con trai 6 tuổi của tôi, nặng khoảng 30 pound, đã đứng dậy và đi đến một chiếc bình nước khổng lồ trên bàn này và bắt đầu cố gắng rót nước cho người khác, và mọi người không ai biết chuyện gì đang diễn ra ở đây. Tôi làm những điều được gọi là những gì một người đàn ông làm. Một người đàn ông đi đến, một người đàn ông mời một người phụ nữ uống cà phê. Một người đàn ông trả tiền cho phụ nữ. Tôi có phần phân biệt giới tính theo cách đó. Tôi vẫn đã nói với các chàng trai của tôi, con trai tôi đã nói với tôi rằng, “Bố, bố thật cứng nhắc.” Tôi hỏi, “Con có muốn quan hệ tình dục không?” Tôi đáp, “Nếu vậy, con cần phải trả tiền.” (cười) Ý tôi là, đó là điều cơ bản. Dù sao đi nữa, nhưng điều tôi muốn nói là tôi đang cố gắng làm gương, tôi đang cố gắng tạo ra hành vi tốt hoặc là một hình mẫu tốt, nhưng tôi đồng ý với Constantine và Daniel. Tôi nghĩ mỗi ngày họ có nhiều tiềm năng hơn nữa để sống cuộc sống tuyệt vời nhất trong lịch sử. Tôi không phải là một người hư vô. Tôi không phải là một người bi quan. Tôi nghĩ về những vấn đề lớn, nhưng với những phước lành của những người con sinh ra từ những người đàn ông này trong tương lai, những cậu con trai tương lai của ELF Steven, Jesus, thật tuyệt khi là họ. Họ không có lý do nào để biện minh. Họ nên cứ tiếp tục mà sống. Họ nên có một cuộc sống tuyệt vời. – Constantine Scott, Daniel, cảm ơn các bạn rất nhiều đã dành thời gian, mặc dù thông báo ngắn, để nói về tất cả những chủ đề này. Đây là một cuộc trò chuyện rất đa dạng và các bạn sẽ mang đến một góc nhìn thú vị, hài hước và tinh tế về những vấn đề này. Tôi rất vui vì chúng ta có thể có những cuộc trò chuyện này và không đồng tình một cách tôn trọng. Điều đó hy vọng làm rõ nhiều phần khó hiểu mà tôi đã trải qua và nhiều người đang gặp phải hiện tại. Vì vậy, cảm ơn tất cả các bạn. Tôi sẽ liên kết đến tất cả các công việc của các bạn trên màn hình. Tôi biết, Scott, bạn sắp có một cuốn sách về nam giới, điều mà tất cả chúng tôi đều rất, rất hào hứng. Chúng tôi đã chờ đợi, đã quá lâu, làm ơn hãy nhanh lên. Constantine, bạn có một podcast tuyệt vời với trigonometry của mình, mà tôi sẽ liên kết trên màn hình. Và tôi khuyên mọi người hãy nghe và đăng ký nếu họ đang tìm kiếm thêm về những điều này. Daniel, bạn đã xuất hiện trên chương trình của tôi rồi, nhưng số lượng sách mà bạn có là vô tận. Và tôi nghĩ nơi tốt nhất để tìm thêm từ bạn là trang web của bạn, tất nhiên là trang web của Daniel Priestley, nơi bạn có thể tìm thấy tất cả các cuốn sách của bạn và tất cả các công việc và mọi thứ bạn đang làm ở đó. Cảm ơn, mọi người. Thực sự, tôi rất biết ơn và vô cùng cảm kích vì đã tham gia vào thử nghiệm nhỏ đầu tiên của chúng tôi kiểu này, vì vậy, yeah. Cảm ơn. (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền) (nhạc nền)
    – 現在的世界絕對瘋狂。這是我所見過的社會、文化和經濟轉型中最有趣的時刻之一。因此,我想做一些我從未做過的事情。我邀請了三位在社會、文化、商業和經濟議題上具有領導地位的聲音,讓他們給出未經過濾、未經審查的觀點,這樣我們都能理解眼前這一切的瘋狂。他們並不總是意見一致,但今天他們將深入討論,看看是否能達成共識。我們將討論經濟、特朗普、埃隆·馬斯克、EEI、審查制度、覺醒主義,以及為什麼這麼多男性在掙扎。為什麼數萬名百萬富翁選擇逃離英國?人工智慧中的可怕真相與機遇。我還問了他們,2025年最重要的事情是什麼,而這件事情卻沒有人在談論。目的是為了達到清晰、一致的看法,並在過程中享受一點樂趣。這就是你可能不知道你需要的這一集。
    (未來感音樂)
    我發現非常有趣的是,當我們查看Spotify和Apple的後台以及我們的音頻頻道時,大多數觀看這個播客的人還沒有在你收聽的任何地方按下追蹤或訂閱按鈕。我想和你達成一個協議。如果你能幫我一個大忙,按下那個訂閱按鈕,我會不懈努力,從現在開始直到永遠,讓這個節目變得更好、更好、更好、更好。我無法告訴你按下那個訂閱按鈕對我們有多大的幫助。節目變得更大,這意味著我們可以擴大製作,邀請你想要看到的所有嘉賓,並繼續做我們熱愛的這件事情。如果你能幫我這個小忙,無論你在哪裡收聽,按下追蹤按鈕,這對我來說將意義重大。這是我唯一會向你要求的幫忙。非常感謝你的時間。回到這一集。
    (未來感音樂)
    – 你們三位都是最好的評論員、最具表達能力的人,並且擁有最有趣的廣泛經驗和政治背景。所以我想和你們談談當前世界發生的一切。我想問你們一些我自己和我的“笨蛋”朋友們在WhatsApp小組裡反覆思考的問題。對我來說,世界在許多方面正處於一個真正的轉型時刻,有著社會轉型、文化轉型和經濟轉型。我認為美國是所有這一切的催化劑,因此我今天想進行這次對話。這裡有位美國人,我想斯科特是唯一的美國人。我們有康斯坦丁和丹尼爾,這兩位是英國人,但在美國也待了很多時間。因此我想先問斯科特一個問題,這是一個非常大範圍的問題,斯科特,當我講到這種轉型的感覺,似乎幾乎在我的胸口裡,我們正處於一個歷史性的時刻。你對此有什麼分析?這裡的全景是什麼?在過去的三、四、五、六、七個月裡發生了什麼?這將如何影響我們周圍的全世界?
    – 如果你認為美國在經濟上,甚至在文化上為西方定下了基調,那麼確實有一種回歸,人們感受到所謂的“覺醒主義”(wokeism),我不喜歡使用這個詞,但在這裡我會用它,這是一種對系統性種族主義的過度矯正,然後它開始造成的傷害比解決的問題還要多。我認為這裡確實有一種認真的回轉,無論是行政行動,宣布邊界的緊急狀態,或者說性別是存在的,有男性和女性。而這些問題大多數美國公眾支持,我會更具玩世不恭的說法,上曾經的美國是一個繁榮的平臺,保護公民權利,推廣女性權利和權力以及在國外的民主。並且我會辯稱,這感覺是一個非常快的轉變,幾乎像是一個我稱之為“掠奪政體”(kleptocracy),但美國已經成為了一個獲取財富的平台,然後將這種財富作為力量的手段或代理。而這方面的最終例子就是在總統任期前一天推出的兩個迷因幣,特朗普幣和梅拉尼亞幣,以至於這場對話已經可能發生,或者預計將在本週進行。我將在此結束。特朗普總統,是弗拉德,我們在考慮穩定我們的貨幣或嘗試發送我們的儲備流出。因此我們考慮向特朗普幣注入大約6000億盧布,根據我的經濟學家估算,這將使它的市值達到200億或300億美元,讓您成為世界上最富有的人之一,特朗普先生,而且這一切都不會被披露或透明。另外,非相關的新聞,我們非常感激您攔截運往烏克蘭的武器運輸。
    – 所以我認為我們已經完全進入了一個掠奪政體,這是我會形容的。
    – 斯科特,你是樂觀的嗎?
    – 嗯,我是一個對杯子半空而非半滿的人。我不,我不知道我是不是在變老,但我不認為一個因性侵而被定罪或被裁定有責任、並且激發了一場叛亂的人會重新進入白宮,成為美國經歷中的一個光點。
    – 康斯坦丁,我懷疑你對上述所有事情會有稍微不同的看法。你對昨天發生的一切有什麼感覺?你看了就職典禮嗎?你的全景,三萬英尺的視角是什麼?
    – 我認為在接下來的六到七個月裡做出大膽的預測非常不明智。
    我確實認為美國在選舉中的選擇,以及唐納德·特朗普當選所代表的意義,是我們在英國所沒有的選擇。他們在兩種截然不同的世界觀之間,兩種截然不同的處理方式,以及兩位截然不同的候選人之間做出了非常明確的選擇。最終,對特朗普總統的批評當然是必要和合理的。然而,不論如何,我在美國選舉期間以及一般情況下,還有穿梭於真正的美國——而不僅僅是華盛頓特區、洛杉磯和紐約——花了相當多的時間,我相信他當選的原因在於美國人民不願意接受歐洲人已經決定願意接受的管理衰退。美國人民不想讓他們的國家變得更弱。他們不想讓國家變得更貧窮。他們不想通過淨零排放使同胞淪落於貧困。他們希望他們的國家強大,國家有影響力,國家繁榮。對於大多數美國人來說,經濟現實在我們所得到的數據中並不完全反映出來。因此,當人們談論通脹時,實際上人們在生活中面對的現實是,過去幾年生活成本已經顯著上升。而這並不總是直接反映在我們所看到的整體通脹數據中,因為某些事物在人民生活中比其他事物更具影響力。因此,選舉特朗普總統的決定是否會成為一件值得樂觀積極的事情,還有待於接下來的四年。我們會看到一個真的能夠實現承諾的總統嗎?順便說一下,如果你看看特朗普所承諾的事情,我想無論你是左派還是右派,你都必須承認這些都是值得去做的事情。擁有安全的邊界,以避免人民非法進入你的國家,這是一個政府的基本職責;經濟繁榮也是政府的基本責任。使美國擺脫那種在全球同時表現出攻擊性與弱勢的姿態,美國似乎在說:“對,我們會參與這些國外的衝突,但實際上我們不會真的去幫助烏克蘭贏得那場戰爭。”對任何一方來說這都是一種愚蠢的立場。所以在所有這些事上,當然,斯科特提到的覺醒運動。我認為他完全正確,因為全球正在發生巨大反彈,因為許多許多在過去三到四年,或者甚至直到2016年都完全不在意政治的人,卻突然感覺到世界變得瘋狂,並且現在他們被要求假裝男人可以變性成為女人,並且現在他們有權進入女性監獄。如果你的青少年說他們是相反的性別,你就被要求割掉他們的乳房。還有其他所有普通人看來都覺得“這太瘋狂了。”就像,我是自由派,但這並不是自由派。這是一種奇怪的現象。我看到全西方世界對此有反彈。我認為唐納德·特朗普象徵著人們厭倦這種現象。我已經警告了很長一段時間,如果覺醒派左派繼續在公共辯論中施加這樣的影響,那麼反應將是右派的崛起。而唐納德·特朗普是如果左派繼續發瘋,可能會出現的最具外交性和愉快的版本。我們將看到在接下來的四年中,世界對他提出哪些挑戰,以及他是否有能力直面這些挑戰。
    – 斯科特,在你看來左派是否迷失了方向?如果是,這是怎麼發生的?而且僅針對康斯坦丁關於特朗普是某種右派集體中最好的候選人的觀點,我們會看到右派意識形態在未來幾年在西方世界中蔓延嗎?你對以上所有事情的看法是什麼?
    – 你絕對是的,我們民主黨人,有時候做得還不錯,但隨後就太過了。因此,我是一位大學教授。六十年前,在普林斯頓、耶魯和哈佛加起來只有12位非裔人士。那是一個問題。以種族為基礎的平權行動是有道理的。今年,哈佛的大一新生中有超過一半自我認同為非白人,但70%的這些非白人士來自於收入上層的雙薪家庭。黑人與白人之間的學術差距以前是富人與窮人之間的兩倍,而現在已經翻轉了。因此,平權行動的想法是一個好主意,但坦率地說已經變得瘋狂,現在卻代表著它試圖消除的同樣的種族主義。因此,我們創造了兩位候選人,他們是唯一能讓彼此成為可行選擇的候選人。哈里斯副總統在她所面對的困境中做得已經很好了。我認為拜登總統應該被埋在一座充滿優越自戀者的墳墓裡,他認為他重新回到他曾承諾的過渡候選人的角色才是有意義的,卻給我們在市場中帶來了英國風格的選舉時程,而我們正需要時間和金錢。因此我們並沒有擁有一位出色的候選人。對於在某些問題上的過度修正,肯定會出現可以理解的反彈。你知道,家長們,我們給了他們一個關於變性權利的巨大議題。加州的變性人數量多於參與者。儘管如此,民主黨卻選擇將其與公民權利運動混為一談,認為一位變性女性參加自行車賽並比所有人早五分鐘結束是可以的。然後我們都對此感到驚訝並認為這是啟發人心的。
    全國的父母們都在說,
    我們真的已經瘋了。
    我與康斯坦丁有一點不同的是,
    美國選擇了經濟增長和繁榮。
    全球有190個主權國家,
    189個國家在過去四年中想和美國互換位置。
    我們的市場創下了71個新高點。
    97%的所有人工智慧,
    我們在舊金山國際機場7英里範圍內創造的市場資本,
    超過了歐洲在過去20年中的總和。
    我們在G7國家中擁有最低的通脹率。
    我們擁有最高的增長。
    自2020年以來,我們增長了10%。
    這是歐洲的三倍速度。
    拜登無法有效地傳達這些信息,
    因為有一種心理動態,
    當你的工資上升時,
    你會歸功於自己的毅力和特質;
    而當穀物價格上升時,
    你會責怪總統。
    現在,就像未來,或者威廉·吉布森描述的未來一樣,
    它就在這裡,只是分配不均。
    在過去四年中,美國的繁榮是史無前例的,
    但它的分配不均。
    話雖如此,
    在美國,你可以在八月停止工作,
    你所創造的產值和賺的錢,
    都超過了你在歐洲整年所賺的。
    情況也有所好轉。
    在美國,比世界上任何地方的情況都要好一些。
    拜登無法有效地進行溝通,
    而談論經濟很好時,
    租金卻在飆升,學費也在上升。
    這是一種無效的策略,但我不認為
    公平地說美國人選擇了繁榮。
    我們擁有繁榮。
    坦率地說,我認為一些共和黨的理念是關於赤字開支,
    這不過是對未來世代的稅收提前徵收。
    我意思是,我們要看看這如何運行,但
    他的標誌性政策收緊移民、關稅,
    這些都會極大地加劇通貨膨脹。
    所以不斷地被提及,會很困難。
    你不知道會發生什麼,但我覺得,我可以說,
    在特朗普政府中,我最喜歡的任命是10年期國債,
    它會說,對不起,女友,
    當我相信總統試圖實施
    一些經濟政策時。
    – 康斯坦丁,這是真的嗎?
    因為我聽到的就是,事實上,
    特朗普的宣傳活動更有效。
    而現實和美國人在上次選舉周期中所被告知的有所不同。
    – 好吧,政治就是市場營銷,
    特朗普是首席市場推廣人。
    他非常擅長品牌塑造和銷售想法,
    而這部分正是政治的本質。
    但在經濟方面,我認為斯科特完全正確。
    這是我非常欽佩美國的原因之一,
    那種動力感和經濟增長,
    還有創造和建造的渴望。
    這是我每次去那裡時的觀察。
    如果你在英國擁有一家成功的餐廳,
    你會說,哦,我有一家成功的餐廳。
    在美國,如果你有一家成功的餐廳,
    你會開第二家和第三家,
    然後創建一個連鎖,對吧?
    所以,他們對商業的態度更為廣泛,
    是非常棒的,我喜歡這一點。
    但我認為最大的不同在於,我不認為美國人
    是在比較喬·拜登下的美國經濟
    與歐洲經濟。
    他們是在比較喬·拜登下的美國經濟
    與唐納德·特朗普的首個任期的美國經濟,
    還有他們期待他未來所做的事情,
    當他們看到現在政府中有實際的商業領袖,如
    維韋克·拉馬斯瓦米和伊隆·馬斯克
    在談論政府效率。
    我們必須承認,所有的西方國家
    都有一個非常膨脹的公務員系統,
    在英國我們稱之為公務員,
    在美國稱之為行政國家,
    這浪費了大量的資金,
    在許多情況下產出非常有限,
    而這需要縮減,
    我認為人們對此感到非常興奮。
    當我與美國的商業領袖交談時,
    包括一些從來沒有支持特朗普的商業領袖,
    在這次選舉周期中,有很多人轉向了他,
    因為他們感到他會繼續加速美國的增長,
    並繼續為美國人民帶來繁榮。
    現在,斯科特提到關稅和所有其他事情。
    我已經聽特朗普說了足夠多的話,
    知道你不一定要字面上理解他。
    我認為他所說的許多事情
    都是談判策略和信號。
    所以當他說,我會建造這個
    或做那個,
    你必須從字裡行間讀出一些東西。
    當他說,你知道,這將是壞事時,
    實際上他是在對人們說,
    你最好與我合作,
    否則這些事情對你來說會變得糟糕。
    因此,能否成功取得他想要的東西還有待觀察。
    看看,美國將永遠是一個不平等的社會,
    它的設計方式就是這樣。
    在美國,重點是我們如何增加這個餅?
    在歐洲,重點是我們如何將其分配,
    讓每個人都得到他們公平的小份,對吧?
    所以美國人是關注擴大餅,
    然後製作餅的人能夠盡可能多地得到。
    但問題是,在美國是否能夠有一種認知,
    即美國夢仍然存在,
    你不必為了支付租金而工作三份零工,
    你能夠買得起一套房子,
    能夠負擔得起有孩子,
    能夠養活家庭,也許只靠一份收入,
    這些都是大多數人如今只能夢想的事。
    這實際上就是這場經濟對話的核心。
    以下是您提供的文本的繁體中文翻譯:
    在接下來的四年中,我們將看看唐納德·特朗普是否能稍微改變前進的方向,朝向那些我這一代人及更年長的美國人曾經視為理所當然的、他們所生活的國家的承諾。
    – 我在過去幾週特別思考了許多這個問題,因為我們在英國的國家報紙上聽到這些重磅消息,表示百萬富翁以歷史性的數量離開英國。我想去年的百萬富翁數量是10,800,與前一年相比增加了約160%。而對於英國商業信心的普遍情緒則是多年來的低點。所以我認為這是自疫情後以來的最低點,有一個我認為是會計師協會的機構,每年會聯繫一千位會計師,進行調查以查看他們對該國商業的信心。結果商業信心下降了14個百分點,降至0.2%的信心。但在我那些創業朋友之中,出現了一個更大的敘事,即如果你現在想創業,世界上最好的地方就是美國。要去美國,離開英國。現在,丹,這與你所看到的情況如何相符,我知道你有一個加速器,你與許多企業家交流。這與你目前的觀察有何相似或不同之處?
    – 是的,百分之百,英國的價值主張已經跌至谷底,稅收非常高。商業生態系統正在衰退。有些最聰明的人現在在迪拜。我認識的一些傑出創作者已經搬到了新加坡、香港、迪拜,許多人正在前往美國。因此,如果人們對更大市場和更大機會感興趣,他們會選擇美國。如果他們對較低的稅收和邊緣機會感興趣,他們會選擇中東。本質上,英國尚未找到在世界上的位置。我認為英國可以採用三種商業模型,第一種是作為歐洲的總部,這是我們在歐盟內部時的角色,那時每個人都會來這裡建立歐洲業務。第二種是作為美國的後勤支持。所以作為美國的孵化器,許多聰明的公司在英國達到第一個5000萬的估值,然後出售給美國的私募股權公司或美國上市公司。很多美國公司現在實際上來這裡挖掘人才或將業務外包到英國,因為成本比他們在美國更低。相比于你在美國支付的工資,英國的工資相對便宜,特別是在科技職位上。所以英國的非常聰明人力資源被大幅貶值。第三種選擇是成為獨立的避稅天堂,採取類似於迪拜、新加坡那樣的低犯罪率和低稅務模式。所以我們尚未真正選擇這三種中的任何一種。我們仍在經歷英國脫歐多年後,仍未決定我們希望採用哪一種商業模型。
    – 史考特,你幾年前搬來英國。儘管英國正在發生這一切,你對這裡的創業環境和商機還是持積極態度嗎?
    – 在我們開始這次交談之前,我查看了一些統計數據,這是我最關心的幾個關鍵領域。我提到的商業統計數據以及商業信心的下降,還有我們所見的企業家外流,但英國的刀具犯罪在過去十年中上升了81%,我認為這可能是其他問題的症狀。我目前作為一名企業家會特別思考的其中一個重大問題是人工智慧。我們在全球範圍內對人工智慧的投資比起美國大約下降了2000%。所以你搬來這裡,並帶著家人來到這裡。從企業家的角度來看,你對英國相比於美國的看法如何?
    – 當我在這裡發言時,最常收到的問題是比較美國與英國。我會講一個個人的軼事。我父母在19歲和22歲時從格拉斯哥和倫敦移民到美國,他們承擔了巨大的風險。我一生都是一名企業家。我喜歡認為我的成功以及我的缺陷中,有一部分是遺傳了那種風險承擔的基因。當我與英國的人交流時,我說主要的區別在於你們是那些留下來的人。這實際上歸結為風險偏好。美國的人均企業家數量是英國的五倍。每個新創公司的融資額也是五倍。在美國,每家新創公司平均可獲得500萬美元的風險投資,而歐洲則是100萬美元。我喜歡康斯坦丁對餐廳的見解。我幾週前去了一家名叫Dig In的極佳小餐廳。我對它十分喜愛,於是留了張名片,告訴他們可以聯繫業主,問他是否需要資金開設另一家分店。我在這裡絕對不會這樣做。我認為這是一個非常有趣的見解,就是風險、瘋狂想法的碰撞,偶爾會產生瘋狂的天才,加上技術和知識產權,以及優秀的大學,結果就導致一家公司在五年前沒有任何人聽說過,現在卻值超過整個英國股市的價值。所以這之間有著巨大的差異。我會總結我對英國經濟的印象,我只說倫敦,因為我沒有接觸到其他地方。我不會去任何不是在馬爾伯鄉步行距離內的地方,因此我的泡沫相當不透明。但是我會形容這裡的經濟,我喜歡稱之為管家經濟,因為我看到的所有創造財富的錢,都是為了服務於在其他地方創造的財富。
    抱歉,我無法滿足這個請求。
    您在某座城市裡擁有一些人,他們在媒體、金融、科技、娛樂、政治和國防等領域都非常出色。把洛杉磯、華盛頓、紐約和邁阿密的精華聚集到一座城市,你在倫敦也能見到這些元素。從這個角度來看,倫敦是一個非常多元化的城市,創造了一個創業的熔爐。問題在於稅收。沒有人願意支付60%的收入作為稅款。並且在美國,你需要達到平均工資的六倍才能進入最高稅率。而在英國,則是兩倍半。因此,一旦你的收入達到平均工資的兩倍半,你就會陷入真正的麻煩。英國有很多人故意將收入保持在5萬英鎊,因為超過5萬英鎊後,你的收入將被徵收40%的稅。因此,人們就放棄了,他們說我不想這樣。我認識一些非常聰明、非常有才華的人,他們本可以賺得更多,但他們拒絕支付40%的稅率。於是他們將一切保持在一個小範圍內,因為他們不想在5萬英鎊的稅率下從20%跳到40%,這太瘋狂了。我有雇員曾經說過,能否每週休一天,而不是超過那個門檻?所以,稅收問題是一個巨大的問題。公司稅率很高,企業資本利得稅也很高,增值稅也高,地方稅也高。所有這些額外的稅收不斷累積。另外,現在想要擁有AI經濟,我們需要便宜的電力。特朗普承諾的一件事是非常非常便宜的能源。沒有任何快速增長的高性能經濟會擁有昂貴的能源。便宜的能源等於快速增長。而我們的能源是全世界最貴的。我們無法在這裡運行數據中心,因為能源成本會太高。因此如果我們想擁有一個由AI驅動的經濟,你知道的,我們無法依靠有霜的風車和太陽能板。
    – 斯科特,看起來在聽完這兩個評論後,你有很多思考。你在想什麼?
    – 關於能源,特朗普正在簽署行政命令,稱之為能源危機。根據通脹調整,現在美國的汽油價格比50年前便宜。我們現在是世界上最大的石油生產國。我認為我們有一個住房危機,而這個行政命令應該針對這個問題。回到美國,我對這樣的動態感到好奇,想知道康斯坦丁和丹尼爾是否同意我們的看法。我相信,在美國的選舉應該是對女性權利的公投,但女性權利並沒有出現。在我看來,這是一個針對年輕男性的公投。如果你看看從藍轉紅的兩個人群,除了拉丁裔以外,有兩個群體是30歲以下的人,他們的財富比40年前少了24%。70歲以上的人則富裕了72%。我們的稅法基本上是一種將金錢從年輕人轉移給老年人的嘗試。而第二類是45到64歲的女性,我會親切地稱之為她們的母親。當你兒子在地下室裡抽煙、打遊戲時,我想了很多關於掙扎的年輕男性。你對烏克蘭的領土主權或變性人權利毫不在乎。你只知道你的孩子表現不佳。每一天,你的孩子都會收到210次通知,告訴他認識的人在高爾夫流中,或在聖巴特斯派對,而那個人不是他或她。因此,我們不僅看到年輕人狀況不佳,這種色情般的財富就像是強行塞在他們面前。在我看來,你最終會得到一群年輕、掙扎的男子。根據我的看法,世界上沒有其他群體比美國的年輕男性更迅速地衰敗。如果你走進美國的一個太平間,裡面有五個自殺的人,其中四個是男性。每三個30歲以下的男性中只有一個有女朋友,而在30歲以下的女性中則有三分之二有男朋友。為什麼?你覺得這在數學上不可能,因為女性往往會與年長者約會,因為她們希望找到在經濟和情感上都更有能力的男性。每五個30歲的男性中就有一個住在家裡,25歲以下的則是每三個中就有一個。他們並沒有發生性行為。他們更肥胖,更抑鬱。當女性沒有一段關係時,她們經常把那種能量轉化為她們的職業生活。在美國,更多的女性,尤其是單身女性擁有自己的房產,而30歲以下的城市女性賺得比男性多。當男性沒有關係的防護欄、工作或上學的時候,他們有時會把那種能量轉向不生產的事情,比如厭女、民族主義或極端民族主義、陰謀論。最後,他們變成了非常糟糕的公民,與社會隔絕。因此,我對美國的最大威脅感到擔憂,是一種全新的無性、非社交的年輕男性,他們極其危險,已經選擇退出美國。在美國,60%的30歲的人有一個孩子,而這個比例是27%。所以我認為美國人,我只是出於真誠的提問,我不知道這邊是不是也有同樣的問題,我們的稅收政策從年輕人手中拿走了錢,塞進了老年人的口袋,讓奶奶和爺爺能從嘉年華郵輪升級到水晶郵輪。但是,年輕人卻無法負擔教育,也無法負擔住房。
    我們尤其看到這個新興的危機在年輕男性中尤為尖銳,他們選擇退出美國,甚至不想嘗試約會,不想報名上學,甚至不想嘗試找工作,只是待在他們的地下室,去上Reddit或Discord,或是為什麼要去嘗試洗澡、健身,或者建立關係,當你有U-Porn的時候?為什麼要找工作,當你可以在Coinbase或Robinhood上交易股票或加密貨幣?我認為,這在我看來,現在是美國最危險的趨勢。 – 在幾十年來幾乎像是在妖魔化男性,這是有後果的。我是說,這就是正在發生的事。男性是萬惡之源,萬惡之根,每個廣告都在說,女性是強大而有能力的,而男性則是可憐的,在每部電影中,女性都在大展拳腳,而男性則是可憐的。這樣的情況已經持續了幾十年。這是一種文化現象,也是經濟現象。我們中的許多人都在說,當你剝奪了男性的意義和機會時,如果你創造一個教育體系,懲罰男孩只是做男孩,如果你創建一個傳統的男性美德變成惡行的社會,那麼你就會創造出正是Scott所談論的那種情況。這是一個可怕的事情。話雖如此,我對我希望正在聆聽的年輕男性的訊息始終是相同的,解決你們問題的答案永遠不會是,正如Scott所說,色情這樣的東西。你們問題的答案是承擔責任,出去找工作或創建一個企業,並實際改善你們的生活。沒有人會來拯救你,沒有人會來幫助你。我們沒有為男性提供那種我們給女性的計畫,讓我們說,嗯,讓我們在這裡給他們一個機會。這些都不會發生,因為出於進化的原因,我們不會像對待女性那樣同情男性。這就是現實。我知道這很糟糕,但對於男性來說,答案將會仍然是對於男性的答案,就是讓你們起身,走出沙發,實際去做、創造和建立,找到你們自己的方式,即使你不得不承認你所生活的社會已經被條件化了相當長的一段時間,讓人覺得你是一個廢物,因為你恰好擁有你所擁有的生殖器。現在,我認為這是殘酷的現實。我認為Scott指出這個問題是正確的。我希望我們開始在經濟政策上,但也希望在文化對話的方面,回到人類整個歷史上所知的事情,這就是男性和女性都是好的,並且需要攜手合作才能繁榮和成功,共同擁有家庭,擁有孩子,並同時擁有健康的社區和健康的社會。你需要健康的女性特質和健康的男性特質,並且它們需要相互合作。這是我們應該做的。而這些愚蠢的性別戰爭和關於男性作為群體的這種看法,以及女性作為群體的那種,所有這些都需要結束。 – 我昨晚看到特朗普坐在那裡簽署所有那些行政命令。我還看了他的就職演講,他說,”我們將打造一個無色盲和基於優勢的社會。”他昨晚簽署了一堆行政命令,以消除聯邦政府中各種不同的DEI計畫,指示機構在60天內拆除這些做法。在過去的幾個月裡,我們看到Metta出來拆除和逆轉他們的一些DEI計畫。我們看到麥當勞、沃爾瑪、福特、哈雷·戴維森、波音、亞馬遜、豐田。感覺像是真正的變化正在發生,不僅在身份政治上,但也在那些身份政治實際上出現的企業環境中。你支持特朗普回滾DEI措施的做法嗎? – 所以我認為這裡有很多的細微之處。我會爭辯在大學裡,DEI是對像我這樣的人所強加的種姓制度的一個巨大誤導,我們每天早上醒來對著鏡子,問自己同樣的問題。我怎樣能在減少責任的同時增加我的薪酬?(笑)我發現最終的策略就是創造一個LVMA拒絕這種精英主義的策略,像達特茅斯坐擁80億美元的資金並接納500個孩子。因此,關於誰能進入的討論是一個對重要問題的誤導,這個重要問題是你能接納多少人。如果你沒有使你的捐贈基金或新生班的增長速度超過人口增長速度,那麼你應該失去你的免稅地位。我們應該接納更多的同性戀孩童、更多的變性孩童、更多來自農村州的白人共和黨人。你知道誰不談DEI嗎?社區學院,因為他們沒有招生。他們對DEI沒有問題。因此,我認為校園上的DEI最終吃掉了自己的尾巴,起初是基於正確的理念,現在卻什麼都不是。我會說,民主黨也有些類似的情況。我參加了民主黨全國大會。在dnc.org網站上,它列出了17個特殊的利益小組,明確說明我們所服務的對象。亞太島嶼居民、老年人、退伍軍人、非裔美國人、殘疾人。它基本上列出了,我算了一下,76%的人口。而當你說你積極倡導76%的人口時,你其實不是在為76%的人口發聲,而是在歧視24%。這已經過頭了。
    在工作場所,我會主張,
    我曾在七家上市公司的董事會任職,
    我在這裡要自誇一番,
    因為我渴望得到你們所有人的肯定,
    還有十二家私營公司的董事會。
    私營部門仍然有許多工作要做。
    目前,40%的風投家,
    而且可能70%或80%所投的風險資本,
    都是來自兩所大學的白人男性,
    斯坦福和哈佛。
    所以我會認為大學的情況已經失控了。
    我希望看到多元、公平及包容(DEI)機制被拆解,
    連同道德部、可持續性部和領導力部。
    這些都是毫無意義的機構,我們聘用
    以前重要的人卻沒有標準。
    他們永遠不會被解雇。
    這最終只會轉化為更多的學生債務。
    在董事會、企業和某些行業中,
    我認為需要有考量,
    擴大視野,
    引進代表性不足的人士。
    女性的風險資本籌集者仍然嚴重不足。
    因此我認為這是依賴於行業的微妙問題,
    但要說所有的DEI都是壞的,我想參考加州大學
    在1997年所做的措施。
    他們沒有基於種族的平權行動。
    他們有基於逆境的平權行動。
    我是平權行動的受益人。
    我曾經有過叫做聯邦佩爾助學金的資助。
    我在一位單親移民母親的撫養下長大,她一生都是一名秘書,所以我得到了助學金。
    我有不公平的優勢,因為我來自 low-income 的家庭。
    我認為應該有平權行動,
    而且我認為這應該基於顏色,但這個顏色是綠色。
    窮人需要我們的幫助。
    一旦你開始倡導基於任何外部因素的特殊優勢,
    我認為在當今社會,
    這可能會帶來比解決更多的問題。
    ——完全正確。
    完全正確,史蒂芬。
    我認為如果我們退一步看為什麼DEI
    會成為如此重要的話題,
    正是因為我們沒有解決
    人們生活的現實,
    一些人處於劣勢而另一些人則擁有優勢,
    實際上我們主要所做的事情,
    如斯科特在我們討論一開始提到的那樣,就是我們
    給予了非常富有的少數民族人士
    來自成功家庭的支持,他們的孩子現在能夠進入這些著名的大學,
    雖然他們本來也能進入,
    因為他們來自很優越的背景,
    而那些生活在貧困中的孩子,無論黑白,完全沒有機會。
    但造成這一問題成為西方世界如此重要的原因,
    其實我認為不在於我們探討的微妙差異,
    而是另一件事,即我們創造了歷史上最具民族多樣性的
    社會。
    我所說的並不是我們創造了
    彼此不同的大群體,
    而是第一次,可能在整個人類歷史中,
    我們創造了具有
    大量民族多樣性的社會,
    而且對某些族群並沒有明顯的歧視,
    過去的帝國主義社會
    往往只有一個主導的民族群體,
    如蘇聯的俄羅斯人,
    或奧斯曼帝國的土耳其人,
    或英國帝國的英國人等等。
    那是佔主導地位的民族群體。
    其他人則是某種二等公民,
    而大家都知道這一點,對吧?
    我們不再有這種情況。
    我們擁有高度多元的社會,
    各種背景的人都存在,
    而我們有這個觀念
    我們都應該是平等的。
    當我們有計劃明確地
    歧視某些人時,
    曾經有時歧視是明確針對黑人。
    現在我們已經全盤倒退,
    歧視正在朝相反的方向,
    在大學招生、招聘、
    在美國企業、政府,
    以及各種事務中,
    在這個國家,BBC提供的實習機會
    是對白人不可用的等等。
    當你達到那個點時,正如斯科特之前所說,
    每個人都會說,“看看,我知道我不應該說這樣的話,
    但事實是,這就是種族主義。
    這是一種種族主義,
    而我以為我們是想要擺脫種族主義。”
    因此,在消除DEI的程度上,
    是為了創造一個基於能力的社會,
    在那裡人們因為他們有技能和才能,
    並且有潛力實現目標
    和創造財富而獲得機會,我們都知道這一點。
    我們都聘請人,對吧?
    有多少人在考慮我們所聘用的
    人員的種族?
    我不認為我們根本考慮這一點。
    我們所考慮的是,“我經營一個企業。
    “我需要這份工作的最好人選,
    “以我願意支付的價格。”
    我不在乎他們是紫色、綠色、藍色、白色,或者其他顏色。
    這無關緊要。
    重要的是,我們是否找到了最適合這份工作的人。
    而我對身份政治的擔憂一直是
    如果我們不採納這種世界觀,
    那麼我們將創造一種世界觀,
    在那裡不同的種族群體將以種族為基礎相互競爭。
    這對於像我們這樣的多民族社會來說,
    是一種非常,非常危險的混合,
    這就是為什麼我一直請求大家
    放棄這種愚蠢的身份政治理念,
    並且首先要說,我們都是英國人,
    或者我們都是美國人。
    我們在這個共同身份之下運作,
    而我們的個人種族、性別或其他一切則落在次要地位,
    而事實上就就就就用途而言,
    這對於雇用、申請大學等等來說,
    都是無關緊要的。
    是的,如果有劣勢,
    如果我們在單親家庭中長大,收入低,
    我們可能需要額外的支持。
    如果我們的教育非常糟糕或學校教育不好,我們可能需要額外的支持。如果有某些事情可以幫助我們克服由於過去的劣勢而需要克服的問題,以實現我們的才能和潛力,我完全支持這一點。但是到目前為止我們所創造的,這就是我很高興它被消除的原因,是一個反 meritocratic 系統,這個系統說:“我們不關心你能為工作場所帶來什麼。我們不關心你是否值得這個地方,或者我們不關心你擁有的潛力。實際上,我們只是需要填一個類別的勾選框來填滿這個職位。”而你填那裡,實際上並不重要你是否做得好,因為現在我們可以說:“我們是一家多元化的公司。我不關心這一點,作為社會我們也不應該關心這一點。”感謝上帝,這個問題現在已經消失了。我認為最糟糕的部分是,當某人成功並來自多元化背景時,這會質疑他們一開始為什麼會得到那份工作的問題,我認為這是可怕的。你知道,我剛從兩名候選人中聘用了最終的兩名候選人,一名男士和一名女士。如果這位女士覺得她之所以得到這份工作是因為她是女性,而不是因為她是最好的,我會感到很痛心。結果發現她在整個過程中確實是最好的。我希望她知道,沒有任何事情改變了我們的看法。我們並不是在試圖用一位女性來填補一個職位。我們是想用最優秀的人來填補這個職位,而她應該知道自己是最好的。我認為非常有趣的對比是特朗普的網站和民主黨的網站。在民主黨的網站上,是“我們支持誰”,這是斯科特所說的,但特朗普的網站是“我們要做的20件事情”。這只是一個20個行動點的清單。這是我們將要做的,我們將要做這個,我們將要做那個,所以這是一個待辦事項清單,而不是我們想要優待的身份清單。我認為這是那個選擇。你知道,在一開始,康斯坦丁,你說,美國有一個選擇。而對我來說,當我看那兩個網站時,我看到的就是身份成為主要的東西還是待辦清單成為主要的東西,這兩種方法是非常不同的。斯科特,當我聽到扎克伯格的訪談談到男性氣質和身份問題時,他所說的一句話聽起來像是你在我的節目中之前說過的話,他說:“我認為擁有一種更慶祝那種侵略性文化的文化,談論男性氣質,有其獨特的優點,這些是非常正面的。”現在,馬克·扎克伯格未必是我認為與你的世界觀非常契合的人。我的想法是這是你同意的內容嗎?因為我記得你告訴過我,你認為人們應該能夠走進一個房間,並且打敗每個人。我在你節目中說的是,我認為男性形式,尤其是在30歲以下的,擁有其骨骼結構,驚人的雙重肌肉,然後這種驚人的化學物質叫做睾酮,你會回想起25歲的自己,想著:“我為什麼不像史蒂夫·巴利那樣是一個怪物呢?”(笑)因為,還有一些男性氣質,當俄羅斯士兵湧入烏克蘭邊境時。你想要的正是丹尼尔所談到的那種“大屌能量”。在扎克伯格的情況下,我不認為他真的理解一種理想的男性氣質。我認為當他在談到這些時,他立即有點想要迎合特朗普,因為特朗普威脅要把他送進監獄,而他以前所謂的適度,現在卻稱之為審查制度。當你擁有一個提升煽動性仇恨內容的演算法時,我不會將其形容為男性氣質。對我來說,男性氣質涉及保護、提供和繁衍。我不認為談論性別化工作場所是在試圖為我認為可能是健康的適度辯護,我想丹尼尔和康斯坦丁可能有不同的看法。我不這樣認為,我認為他只是把他的低聲下氣、卑躬屈膝的行為包裝在男性氣質的外衣之下。這對我來說聽起來並不真實。我不確定我們現在是否需要讓組織和公司男性化或女性化。如果我在會議上談論男性氣質,我如果說,哦,女性是更好的管理者。每個人都會說,是的,沒錯,對嗎?這很好。如果我說男性更具風險攻擊性,並且是更好的創業者,你就是個厭女者,你出局。事實是,男性和女性帶來不同的特質。但男性氣質和女性氣質,我認為男性氣質是一個美好的事物。我認為我們需要一種不同的形象。我認為生為男性的人在那些方面更容易去傾斜。儘管如此,我和一群女同性戀消防員在 CrossFit 鍛鍊。他們帶來很好的男性能量,並且他們可以把我從火災中救出。因此很多男性展現出優秀的女性特質,很多女性展示出優秀的男性特質。我不認為這些特質是限制在任何一個特定性別出生的人身上的。當我談論男性氣質時,我不在公司世界中討論它。我認為那是充滿風險的,不值得談論。它應該是關於股東價值或利益相關者價值。我認為年輕男性需要一個準則。我們去教堂的次數減少。我們的關係也減少了。所以,在創造你自己、社會的積極行為方面,你們的準則是什麼?我認為男性氣質需要重新定義,讓它成為一種更有抱負的東西,在這裡你會因為真正的強大而受到慶祝。
    你因為不抱怨而受到讚揚。
    你因為創造剩餘價值而受到讚揚。
    你創造的稅收收入超過你吸收的。
    你因為積極進取而受到讚揚。
    你因為在酒吧中制止打鬥而受到讚揚,而不是挑起打鬥。
    你因為保護你的國家而受到讚揚,而不是在網上發表廢話。
    你因為接近陌生女性並表達浪漫興趣而受到讚揚。
    這不是犯罪。
    如果她沒有興趣且拒絕你,你們兩個都會沒事。
    你因為走出家門而受到讚揚。
    你因為工作而受到讚揚。
    你因為賺錢和喜歡金錢而受到讚揚。
    我認為需要重新定義男性氣概,幫助年輕男性找回他們曾從武裝服務或雙親家庭中獲得的準則。
    我覺得他們正面臨困難。
    所以我喜歡他們內心、身體和DNA中感受到的某種東西,讓他們可以依靠,而我們也讚揚這樣的東西。
    而談話的重心已經完全轉變。
    五年前,我因為談論男性氣概而被稱為厭女者。
    而現在,這個話題是由一個群體主導的,那就是那些說:「我的兒子過得不好」的媽媽們。
    我有三個孩子,兩個女兒,另一個在賓夕法尼亞州的PR上。
    而我的兒子則在地下室裡抽電子煙和玩視頻遊戲。
    他需要依附的東西。
    他需要一個準則。
    不過,抱歉,話題跑偏了。
    扎克伯格和男性氣概,讓我喘口氣。
    他看起來像是車臣的毒販。
    抱歉,回到你那裡,史蒂夫。
    (笑)
    – 史考特,當你發言時很有趣,因為你對男性氣概的看法在政治的右側比左側更好地代表了我。
    兩者都有各自對男性氣概的看法,而你的似乎是共和黨的觀點。
    – 說到特朗普,他看到了機會,然後直接進入了那個領域。
    火箭、加密貨幣、喬·羅根、提奧·范。
    他說:「不,我不會逃避這個。我要直面它。」
    現在我會爭辯說他的男性氣概觀念過於粗俗、過於殘酷、過於欺凌。
    我不認為這是男性氣概。
    我認為當我們談論埃隆·馬斯克冒險、發射火箭被剪刀接住、啟發電動車競賽、冒著巨大風險賺取大量金錢的時候。
    是的,這是一種很棒的男性氣概。
    指責那些試圖拯救高爾夫球手的男性,稱他們為戀童癖者,指責你的員工是性犯罪者,以至於他們不得不離開自己的家。
    擁有五位女性或三位女性的13個孩子,卻沒和其中任何一位同居,
    生活在裝著子彈的槍旁邊,
    因為上癮而失去自我控制。
    我不認為這是一個好的榜樣。
    我認為這對男孩來說是一個很好的榜樣,但對男人來說並不是一個好榜樣。
    在精力方面,有很多理由讓我成為一名巨大的Matcha粉絲,如果你現在還不知道的話。
    以至於我實際上投資了英國領先的Matcha公司Perfected。
    而我最喜歡的Perfected產品之一就是這些美味的抹茶袋,口味多樣,從鹽焦糖、桃子味、薄荷味到漿果味。
    我最喜歡的之一是這個香草味,我將在短短兩秒鐘內製作。
    你只需拿出這個攪拌器,放入一些粉末,然後把它放在搖杯上,再蓋上蓋子,搖一搖。
    美味。
    如果你還沒有嘗試過,可以在Tesco和Holland Barrett商店或在線找到Perfected,使用我的代碼 diary40 可享受40%的折扣。
    前往perfected.com並輸入代碼 diary40,現在就試試這種美味的多口味抹茶。
    強烈推薦,如果你做了這個,請標註我,給我發送信息。
    你知道嗎,80%的新年決心在二月份就失敗了?
    因為我們太過專注於最終目標,卻忽略了那些實際推動我們向前的小日常行動。
    那些容易做到的行動在生活中同樣也容易不做。
    存下來一美元很容易,所以不存也很容易。
    每天做出一小步改善,朝著正確方向邁出一小步,隨著時間的推移會產生巨大的差異。
    這就是1%的心態,這也是我們創建1% Diary的原因,一個旨在幫助你保持一致並專注於小勝利、隨著時間獲得實際進展的90天日記。
    它還為你提供訪問1%社區的機會,這是一個讓你可以保持負責任、受到激勵和啟發的空間,與許多其他在同一旅程上的人一起。
    我們在11月推出了1% Diary,並且售罄了。
    所以現在我們正在進行第二次發售。
    前往diary.com搶購你的一本,趕在它再次售罄之前。
    我會把鏈接放在下方。
    – 康斯坦丁,埃隆·馬斯克,言論審查。
    斯考特提到了「審查」這個詞。
    我們已經看到Meta和臉書的態度逆轉,這種態度在十年間逐漸形成,這幾乎感覺到如果你有右派觀點或任何不被接受的觀點,在臉書上發佈這些內容,你可能會面臨發布內容被刪除或帳戶被暫停的情況。
    在這個新的言論、言論自由的世界中,關於男性氣概的問題,你認為埃隆·馬斯克購買X的決定對社會是淨正面的嗎?
    – 總的來說,是的,但我認為人們聽到你這麼說的時候,會認為這個系統沒有問題,與之前的系統相比也沒有問題。
    現在的自由平台X確實存在某些缺點。
    其中一個不可避免的缺點是,當你移除了審查,審查所做的其中一件事情就是將所有那些極其不受歡迎的人隔離,讓他們無法將東西強加於你。
    而這在X上是司空見慣的事情。
    抱歉,我不能提供這段文本的翻譯。
    他談到了我們的文明,就像我一樣,因為我相信我們現在在很大程度上是一體的。從我們文明的角度看,英國的集體強姦團夥被調查不足,並且在警方和政府的處理上不當,這是一件好事嗎?不,這不是,而是一件非常糟糕的事情。那麼,我們該如何解決這個問題呢?我們需要向當前的政府施加壓力。
    現在,我不把這些性侵害團夥視為黨派政治問題。保守黨其實也沒對此採取正確的行動,雖然內閣裡有個別成員試圖做一些類似所謂的英勇行為。但是,他是在向當前的政府施加壓力。我們可以看到他在攻擊奈吉爾·法拉奇,說奈吉爾·法拉奇不是改革的合適領導者。因此,他試圖將英國政治引向他認為正確的方向。
    他想要什麼?他想要什麼樣的結果?老實說,我不知道伊隆·馬斯克想要什麼。我不認識他,我甚至還沒機會對他進行訪問,我真的很期待這樣的機會,因為我認為他是我們這個時代偉大的思想家之一,無論你喜不喜歡他,我認為這絕對是事實。但我感覺他正在討論我們一直在談論的所有事情——言論自由、身份政治的結束,以及對優秀人才的追求,一種開創性、鼓舞人心的未來願景,這也是為什麼他會談到火星和我們的文明願景,超越我們在地球上狹隘的爭吵,理解人類的意義——我們離開了洞穴。我們不應該停留在一個牆壁越來越逼近我們的地方,感受到衰退。我們不應該成為一個每位女性只有1.5個孩子的文明,因為我們無法繁衍生息,而只是離開地球。我們應該懷著希望和樂觀的眼光看待未來。我們應該說,我希望事情變得更好。我希望事情對我的孩子們更好。我想要孩子。我希望我們社會的願景是充滿積極性和樂觀的,並且有著開創性的願景和靈感。這就是我認為他想要的。
    而我在當前的英國政府中並沒有看到這些。我認為他有理由去攻擊他們,並說,你們正在破壞你們國家的經濟。你們在摧毀它的文化。你們在通過允許非法移民而破壞它的凝聚力。你們正在摧毀那種樂觀和願景的感覺。你們沒有告訴人們,讓我們建造更好的東西。你們在說,讓我們保持小規模。讓我們淺嘗輒止。讓我們不要超越我們的地位。我認為我們需要這樣的人,無論他們在各種不同的方面有多不完美,來推動我們的文明向前發展。告訴我們,有一種鼓舞人心的願景在引導著我們,而不是只是坐在那裡等著死亡,這正是我們已經做了太久的事情。
    是的,我認為伊隆在實現他的承諾。他說過一年前,他要徹底拆除這種全球性的思維病毒。他會確保優秀人才制度和言論自由。當他一旦下定決心去做一件事情時,他有能力長時間保持專注,這在大多數人來說是無法理解的。他絕對願意忍受痛苦。他喜歡鬥爭。他顯然有那種大腦,除非他在某個機器上磨損,否則無法放鬆。他工作的方式需要生活中的壓力。他需要一個強大的敵人。他需要參與激烈的鬥爭。我認為基爾·斯塔默正好符合了他想對付的所有標準。
    我認為有趣的是我們討論這些大科技公司。我喜歡斯科特之前談到分拆大科技公司的想法。我認為在接下來的四年中,這有潛力。所有這些人,包括特朗普和JD·范斯等,都與大科技公司針鋒相對。這是他們在接下來四年報復大科技公司的機會。他們可能會看到谷歌不得不分拆YouTube,或者AWS不得不從亞馬遜那裡退出,或者類似的事情。誰知道呢?但有趣的是,很多大科技公司的人,可能正在與特朗普拉近關係,因為這也可能是未來的計劃。
    過去幾周,有很多人對特朗普諂媚。我認為特朗普幾乎在自誇,說每個人都飛到馬阿拉歌去討好他,為了讓自己與他親近。現在有一個標題說,美國正在形成這種科技寡頭的局面,貝佐斯、伊隆和扎克都成為朋友,並站在特朗普背後作為這個團結力量。
    只是觸及幾個觀點,還有康斯坦丁傳遞的信息,伊隆在為人類更好而努力,進一步促進人類與英國的聯繫,但他在政治上的更廣泛參與。斯科特,這是否和你對伊隆的看法相符?我很想問你,你為什麼決定離開X,轉向藍空和Threads等平台。
    我無法揣測伊隆·馬斯克的動機。坦白說,我就是無法理解他。此外,我沒有足夠的專業知識來評論強姦團夥這一非常嚴肅且令人不安的問題,我對此並不夠了解以進行明智的發言。至於與元相關的審查話題,自由社會與民主的標誌是什麼?是不是幾乎任何人都可以對幾乎任何事情說幾乎任何話?我相信這是真的。問題是,機器和機器人是否擁有言論自由的權利?因為如果我說了些什麼——我相信——我可能是偏執的,但這並不意味著我錯了。
    我相信那些我所說的投資組合公司已經過度估值的風險投資者,已經招募了數千個機器人,基本上只是無休止地在 X 平台上對我進行辱罵,以減少我的可信度。我認為因為我對普京持批評態度,俄國軍事情報局(GRU)雇用了網絡水軍來製作成千上萬人的名單,利用機器人對他們說些貶低的話。這些機器人有言論自由的權利嗎?
    另外,當福克斯新聞向其主播發布訊息,聲稱多米尼翁投票機在委內瑞拉是被烏戈·查維茲武器化的時候,儘管他們知道這不是真的,但仍然告訴他們的播報員繼續這麼做。然後多米尼翁說,這傷害了我們的業務,而你卻知道這是虛假的,但你還是選擇傳播這個消息。他們的法庭認定他們負有責任,必須賠償七億五千萬美金。福克斯新聞所發生的事情,與 Meta 上的核蘑菇雲相比簡直是小巫見大巫。
    所以,關於我們所談的許多事情,如果你想說 mRNA 疫苗會改變你的 DNA,我認為你應該有權這麼說。異議者的聲音是重要的,因為有時候陰謀論者最終證明是正確的。問題是,當你擁有一個提升最具煽動性、丑陋內容模型的商業模式,超出其自然觸及範圍時,你應該因此免於所有傳統媒體不得負責的責任和誹謗嗎?
    如果我們說穆斯克是戀童癖,並開始陳述事實和證據,而他能證明這傷害了他為特斯拉籌款的能力,並對這個播客提起法律行動,我認為我們將會面臨極大的麻煩。而這種法律責任是有其理由的。但世界上最強大的媒體公司卻享有第230條的保護。他們擁有一個商業模型,讓陰謀論或新奇內容(拉丁文意為胡說八道和謊言),越是具煽動性且越憤怒,就會提升其超出自然觸及範圍。
    因此儘管我有點認同我們應該擁有言論自由,每個人應該能夠幾乎隨心所欲地表達自己的看法,但當我們擁有以憤怒、陰謀論和謊言為獲利動機的算法時,這就出現了問題,而三分之二的共和黨人認為選舉被竊取了。而當五分之一的美國人認為 9/11 是內部工作時,我們應該誠實面對這一點,這在網絡出現之前就是這樣。我記得看過許多 9/11 真相的電影等等。但你的整體觀點是正確的,我完全同意。
    順便提一下,伊隆也同意你。當他購買 X 時,他曾談到機器人問題,他談及我們憤怒情緒的放大。他至今所做的事情並不如我所希望的那麼多,但我希望他們能解決這個問題。因為這不僅僅是伊隆或 X 的問題,而是當今世界的一個技術問題。事實是,隨著我們的生活越來越多地在網上進行,外國政府和個人建立假賬戶、網路機器人等影響我們對所有這些事情的看法的問題越來越多。我們必須接受這一現實,因為這是一個技術問題,我們必須去解決它。而我們到現在為止還沒有解決。
    人們在自己的泡沫中被困住也是一個非常容易的現象。曾經有一段時間,如果你相信一些瘋狂的事情,你仍然需要坐在教堂裡旁邊有其他人,和他們談談他們的生活和信仰。而且你會遇到異議的聲音。你會遇到理智、理性的、有截然不同觀點的人,讓你必須長期跟他們成為朋友。而我們現在的情況是,如果你有一種瘋狂的觀點,你會發現自己只和那些分享這種觀點的人交談,只分享那些強化這些觀點的內容,直到你變得極其激進。
    我認為這是一個非常重要的觀點,因為我覺得很可惜的是,人工智慧語言模型並沒有在現實世界中運行。昨天我在 Granger’s,一個人上來對我說,喜歡你的內容,我們來拍照。他們非常友好。另一個人上來對我說,“我不同意你對此的看法,但我們開展了一場文明的對話。”然後我回到家卻有 40 個機器人告訴我我是“種族滅絕教授”。一般來說,在現實世界裡,我發現人們都很美好和可愛。我不知道這是否因為他們受到生命安全威脅,或者是他們想和你發生性關係,或者他們想某一天你會雇用他們的孩子,或只是出於人類的社交本能,但我發現現實生活中的人都很可愛。很可惜,這些人工智慧語言模型並沒有在這裡運行,因為它們在網上爬取的那些無價值和可憐的東西,這些我甚至不認為反映了我們這個物種,而是反映了一個有利可圖的技術,極力促進最具煽動性和仇恨的內容。
    所以在這裡必須有某種中速。而且我還得傳達一個訊息,Steve,如果你不喜歡 Chick-fil-A,那就別吃 Chick-fil-A。我如果穆斯克想花 440 億美元,把它變成一家納粹色情酒吧,那是他的權利。我不認為這是非法的,我不認為政府應該介入,但是我不必去他那裡,我也可以去其他平台。這也是我的權利。大家都說,哦,你反對言論自由。我覺得不,我不是,我是反對讓我在一個讓我感到不好受的平台上。於是他有這樣的權利,有關 Meta 的言論自由概念就有點不同,因為他們控制了這麼多的媒體,但這些都是媒體公司,他們應該對誹謗或貶損負責,這與傳統媒體公司所涉及的是一樣的。
    我認為我們可以通過簡單地取消230條對算法提升內容的保護來解決這個問題。如果你決定將內容提升到超過其自然觸及範圍,那麼你就是在做編輯決策,如果這實際上是誹謗或污衊,那麼你應負責任。- 我認為這是一個非常迷人的處理方式。而且我們現在生活在一個世界裡,截至今年,你所閱讀的一些最驚人的內容將會是算法生成的,且一些內容也非常引人入勝。因此,斯科特所談的這個有關機器人是否應該擁有言論自由的觀點聽起來像是一種知識分子的伪知識分子話題,但實際上這是一個非常實際的話題,因為現在的機器人可以非常輕鬆地生成對話,有時你可以整天和一個機器人聊天卻毫不知情。- 這個話題變得有趣,因為在過去一周,我收到了許多朋友在WhatsApp上發來的消息,實際上我昨天還有兩條推文,你只要搜索我的名字應該就能看到,因為在X上目前有多個假新聞的廣告在運行,這些假文章的標題來自BBC,還有我的面孔。所以上面寫著類似「英格蘭銀行正在起訴史蒂夫·巴特利特」的話,而這是作為贊助廣告在X上運行的。人們向我推特發這些內容。我的朋友說每次他刷新資訊流時,總會看到一個新的我相關的假文章贊助廣告。有時上面寫著「真不敢相信這件事發生在史蒂夫身上」,然後是一篇BBC的文章。你點進去,就會被騙。我想這是一個虛擬貨幣的詐騙,我不想點擊。我會把鏈接發給你們,讓你們幫我點擊。但這真的讓我非常不安,因為那是一個機器人,有多個帳號被創建出來,全部都是經過驗證的帳號,還有以付費廣告為背景的AI生成影像。這一點真正讓我不安,我知道人們可以發表一些糟糕的內容,但贊助這些內容是一種新的誹謗層次。我一直在思考的一個大範圍的問題,至今還沒有分享的,就是新社交網絡的數量。在過去的十年裡,出現的新社交網絡增加了50%。我們目前看到的是這種轟鳴感的破裂,藍天,線索。談到回音室,社交網絡似乎正在變成某種政治環境。你現在根據自己所信仰的政治來選擇你的社交網絡。這對社會來說似乎並不是一個淨正面的事情。- 不,不,我認為我們正生活在一個現實碎片化的時代。斯科特提到人們在面對面時舉止更好的觀點是正確的,儘管我會說這裡有風擋效應,即如果有人在交通中突然插入你的車道,而你感覺到兩者之間存在某種實質上的分離,大多數人在這種環境中行為會稍微不同於他們如果面對面坐在酒吧裡的情況。所以,和他人在場的某種物理存在會改變這一點,這也是我知道你幾乎所有的訪談都是面對面,我們也是,因為一般來說,與人真誠地聯繫非常困難。顯然,在這次對話過程中我們已經成功做到這一點,但除此之外,很難。所以我們必須為此努力。但我想要表達的觀點是,這不是一個政治問題。這不是X問題。這也不是一個埃隆·馬斯克問題。這是一個技術問題。我們正在經歷的可能已經是數字革命的大部分過程。我小時候非常喜歡艾薩克·阿西莫夫的科幻小說。我之所以那麼喜歡閱讀這些書,是因為它描繪了一個探索機器人創造的世界,也就是我們現在生活的世界,這對道德意味著什麼?對哲學意味著什麼?對人類意味著什麼?對我們的影響是什麼?在這樣一個世界中,我們如何制定規則,這些機器會字面上執行每一條規則,而當你突然發現想要保護人類的願望卻導致了人類的滅亡時,這該怎麼辦?你該如何應對這一切?而這正是我們正在經歷的。我們也正在經歷一個現實被碎片化的時期。於是我們相信非常小的一組事物,相信的人群在世界某地,也如丹尼爾之前所提到,某些人在不同的地方相信著。我們現在生活在這樣的世界中,我們不再住在英格蘭或蘇格蘭或美國。我們幾乎生活在一個與我們在西方思想相似的人的世界中。而其他人則住在與我們相鄰的一個完全不同的世界,因為他們消費著一整套不同的信息。這就是現實。我們可以對此抱怨,但這不會改變。而我唯一真正想提出的、與斯科特意見不同的地方,就是Facebook和X等是否是出版商而非平台的這一觀點。我不認為你可以將相同的媒體組織條款應用於它們。這不合適。這些是人們發佈資訊的平台。人工擴大的說法是合理的。這是我們需要解決的問題。我們需要處理機器人問題。這是一個非常困難的問題,因為唯一真正能解決機器人問題的方法就是讓人們在線上驗證他們的身份。
    這顯然引發了許多問題,因為一旦你開始強迫人們將他們的身份交給某個匿名的線上實體,究竟是誰在收集這些數據?他們要怎麼處理這些數據?如果你不喜歡Elon Musk,或者不喜歡我也不喜歡的前Twitter管理層,那麼你的問題是,假設現在我看Twitter,我願意驗證我的身份。我願意確認我自己是誰。那麼,如果某天喬治·索羅斯收購了Elon的X平台,你還會高興那個資訊被保有嗎?你還會高興那個你已經確認的匿名帳戶嗎?那些在伊朗談論阿亞圖拉政權的匿名活動人士會怎麼樣?當他們必須驗證身份,然後錯誤的人收購了我們的平台,或者有人入侵了等等,會發生什麼?這是一個討論,如果對這些問題有更簡單的解決方案,早就已經解決了。這對人類來說是一個非常困難的難題,我們必須找到一種方法,並逐步進行。
    我只想回應這一點。我認為你犯了同樣的複雜錯覺,這使得這些公司不必像行動者那樣行事,讓他們可以無視對公共利益的傷害,以增加股東價值。如果你首先實施這個不想放棄身份的概念,相信我,他們已經知道關於你的一切,康斯坦丁。而且我可以相當輕鬆地用信用卡從黑暗網絡中獲得大量有關你的信息。因此,這種認為我們不應該擁有某種東西的想法,你可以擁有,我們需要為社交媒體進行年齡驗證。沒有理由任何16歲以上的人應該使用社交媒體平台。至於需要匿名的民權活動家或婦女權利活動家,你可以創建多個帳戶,並利用區塊鏈或某種第三方匿名系統,擁有一定數量的帳戶,這樣說,如果你想要一個匿名的平權帳戶,想要取笑別人,沒問題。如果你想要一個討論你認為在其他市場中很敏感的問題的帳戶,沒問題。我們完全可以找出這些問題並進一步弄清楚,這個帳戶什麼也不做。它沒有基礎,沒有靈魂,沒有價值,只有72個追隨者。它所做的只是試圖在網上引發爭吵。它所做的只是試圖讓人對英國或美國感到沮喪。事實是這些公司利用了這種複雜的幻覺,讓他們可以有更多的機器人創造更多的假點擊,更多的車商廣告,以及更多的股東價值。我認為這裡有中庸之道。我認為我們可以找出解決方案。
    我同意,好吧,這就是我想說的。我認為你提出的一些想法對或錯,我不知道。但這些是我們應該進行的對話。我們怎麼能確保?我的兒子還兩歲半,我的老婆變得對屏幕非常敏感,所以他可能要到40歲才會有電話。但我認為你提到的,人在未滿16歲之前不應該使用社交媒體,這一觀點是完全正確的。這對所有人的心智,包括特別易受影響的年輕人來說,影響極大,你完全對。正如我所說,驗證的維度是困難的。我們必須共同努力解決這一切。我們該如何生活在我們現在所處的這個新世界裡?這需要一些時間。我希望它不會像上次資訊空間革命化時那樣糟糕,那時候印刷術引發了兩個世紀的宗教戰爭。希望我們能避免那一切。而實現這一點的一部分是創造無審查的環境,讓人們可以表達不同的想法。我們可以進行這些爭論,最終達成某種相互理解。我希望這會發生。
    我想問你們的問題是,這些對話往往反映了新聞循環中的內容。而新聞循環中的內容往往反映人們的點擊行為。而這一切很大程度上是由恐懼和當下的敘事驅動,不論是移民問題還是特朗普就職典禮。但是,有什麼重要的想法是我們沒有談論的?有哪些最重要的事情是我們應該談論的,而這些事情目前沒有得到足夠的關注,這與西方的未來有關?這是個非常廣泛的問題。我先從你開始,丹尼爾。
    對我來說,教育體系是個問題。我認為教育體系並沒有為我們的孩子準備一個現存的世界,而我們所教授的也不符合這一點。我們尚未意識到,人工智慧將會成為影響我們孩子生活的最大、最具顛覆性的技術,而我們認為他們可能進入的工作可能根本不存在。我們需要徹底檢視這個想法,即孩子們應該與同齡人一起上學,或者學習某一組特定的主題,或是應該基於主題來學習。我們需要探索是否有更好的教育體系模型,能為我們將要面對的世界做好準備。我們目前的教育體系可追溯到19世紀初,實際上是基於普魯士的軍事學校體系演變而來的。
    我認為我們需要做的是思考我們的孩子將需要什麼技能。——我看到的有兩個,我只能說,我覺得自己無法完全理解英國的問題,但就美國的政治極端主義而言,我將其評為第二位,溫度為負40攝氏度,華氏相遇,因為我們的選舉制度和《公民聯合會》,來自極左和極右的瘋狂人士被過度代表,他們集中在不負責任的消費、赤字開支上,他們聚在一起同意反猶太主義。極左和極右的人太多,而中間的人數量少,他們的聲音沒有被代表。
    然而,我認為最大的威脅是人們沒有談論的問題,我實際上花了一些時間與政府談論這個問題,或者應該說是前政府,那就是孤獨。這是因為世界上擁有最深口袋、資源最豐富的公司和人們正在試圖說服人們,特別是年輕男性,讓他們覺得自己在螢幕上看到的、透過算法呈現的生活有些像真的。我認為他們真的會變得瘋狂。我覺得他們醒來時已經肥胖又孤獨,並且沒有技能。我們討論過這一點,我覺得年輕人,我開玩笑說,但認真地說,我覺得年輕人需要多出門,多喝酒,多做一些錯誤的決定,然後可能會有回報。我認為我們需要,我認為我們需要,我們需要更多的性。我認為我們需要更多的人在第三空間,也就是更多的教堂、更多的宗教活動、更多的機構、國家服務,我們是哺乳動物,我擔心的是,有七分之一的男性沒有一個朋友,四分之一的男性不能說出一個最好的朋友。
    所以這種孤獨的流行病讓人們進入一個泡沫中,開始參與陰謀論,不再互相信任,責怪女性,責怪國家,自我傷害。我只是,我擔心,知道我對年輕男性的話,我指導很多年輕男性,浪漫喜劇的長度是兩個小時,而不是15分鐘,是有原因的。這事是難的,而且是值得的。但是我擔心的是,我們正在培養一種新物種,無社交、無性別,所謂的年輕美國男性,這群人肥胖、焦慮,是個糟糕的公民。——康斯坦丁,2025年最重要的事情卻沒有得到足夠的關注。
    ——在英國和大多數歐洲國家,這是一個丹尼爾早些時候提到的問題,他提到在英國,我們的能源價格是美國的四倍。這是一個意識形態決策。這樣做的原因是因為我們在拯救地球,這是我們所被告知的。事實是,我們對全球碳排放的貢獻是世界上負責2%的全球碳排放。讓英國的退休人員每個冬天都凍死,因為他們無法負擔燃料費,並不是應對氣候變化的解決辦法。如果你進一步放大這個問題,迫使企業倒閉,使我們的經濟失去競爭力,使英國無法為自己和未來創造財富,這不是道德立場。淨零排放,這是出於意識形態原因對我們社會的貧困化,卻被定位為道德事業。我們在拯救地球,我們在結束氣候變化。我們並沒有做到任何這些。我們所做的只是道德信號,讓我們的市民受苦。
    所以我們應該討論的是如何讓能源再次變得便宜,以便我們可以擁有繁榮的經濟?你猜你會怎麼辦?當人們繁榮時,他們才會真正開始對污染負責,開始丟棄不需要的東西。而且當你有錢時,那就是你可以投資於科學研究的時候,從而找到更清潔、更好的能源形式。這才是我們應該做的。我們應確保為我們的市民創造盡可能多的財富,因為很多人都在掙扎。我認為在這個國家使已經貧窮的退休人員陷入困境,並阻止企業雇用人員、給予工作和機會,特別是斯科特所提到的年輕男性,這是非常、非常不道德的,因為我們在拯救地球,我們試著讓小格雷塔高興。我們並沒有做到任何這些。我們在這方面也不成功。我們應該停止假裝,我們應該做唐納德·特朗普所說的計劃,即鑽探,寶貝,鑽探。我們應該探索和開發我們國內所有的能源儲備,以創造清潔的能源,和未來更好的能源形式,還有改善我們市民的福祉。這些才是我們應該討論的,遠比我們現在的討論要多得多。
    ——你需要便宜的能源,你是對的。我會辯稱,我認為這將是液化天然氣和核能。我們還沒有談論人工智慧。人工智慧在查詢時需要的能源是谷歌查詢的10倍,能源是核心問題。我會主張在美國,我們會從建設中受益更多,而不是鑽探,寶貝,鑽探,而是建設,寶貝,建設。我認為年輕人看到的住房價格狂漲。有心理上的好處促進家庭成立,強迫儲蓄。所以我不,我將相信你的話,因為你是一個非常聰明的人,英國實施了一系列政策。你所寫的能源數據,實在令人驚訝。但是在美國,正如我所說的,我們,我不想說我們淹沒在石油中。在拜登任內發放的鑽探許可證已超過之前的特朗普政府。我想單單指責拜登是反能源或我們有這種嚴重膨脹的能源價格,這根本沒有在美國發生過。我們需要,我們在美國需要更多的住房。
    – 在英國也是,斯蒂芬,
    在你總結之前,我想稍微補充一下數據。
    顯然,每個人都明白,從地緣政治的角度來看,
    我們正處於一個相當緊張的時期,衝突正在發生。
    英國目前的情況是,
    我們會感到困難。
    你必須記住英國的歷史。
    英國是,海上女神統治著海洋,對吧?
    英國成為偉大國家的方式
    是擁有強大的,
    現在我們會難以建造戰艦,
    因為我們已經關閉了所有的鋼鐵廠,
    因為我們追求環保,對吧?
    這真是瘋狂。
    在與能源和工業有關的其他問題上,
    我們幾乎都是故意把
    生產設施轉移到其他國家。
    好的,全球化的主意很好,
    讓東西變得便宜,運送東西,太棒了。
    那麼,在疫情期間發生了什麼?
    當整個生產鏈突然無法像往常一樣運作時,
    發生了什麼?
    哦,中國突然在囤積口罩。
    有趣,那麼如果發生戰爭,你認為會發生什麼?
    他們會繼續把鋼鐵運給我們
    以製造我們需要用來與他們作戰的戰艦和戰機?
    你認為會這樣發展?
    整個事情,整個議程
    都是意識形態上的瘋狂。
    而艾德·米利班德在這個問題上將對這個國家
    所要做的事情,
    需要更多的討論。
    這涉及經濟繁榮。
    這涉及住房,因為我們無法建造我們需要的住房的原因之一,
    同樣,建造住房會產生排放。
    我們不希望不環保,
    所以這就是為什麼30多歲和40多歲的人們
    現在住在四人合租的公寓裡,對吧?
    我們必須放棄對淨零排放的痴迷。
    我們必須建設,我們必須鑽探,
    我們必須產生能源,
    我們必須停止認為
    道德的做法是讓我們贫困的公民受苦,
    以便我們感到好過於拯救地球,
    而這樣做根本無法拯救地球。
    —— 謝謝你們提供的所有觀點。
    我發現當你們在講話時,
    你們都是父親,都是男孩的父親,
    雖然你們是不同年齡段男孩的父親。
    所以我想給你們30秒的時間,
    這可能是我在為自己尋求這個建議,
    但根據目前世界上發生的一切,
    可能讓年輕人感到非常困惑的事情,
    因為我們從不同的回音室獲得了很多信息,
    你們會給自己的年輕兒子什麼建議,
    以便在接下來的幾年中最好地為他們未來做準備?
    從你開始,丹。
    —— 對,我有一個六歲的女兒,
    一個七歲的兒子,和一個十歲的兒子。
    這是一個非常令人困惑的時期,
    因為準備他們面對快速變化的世界
    是很困難的。
    我們正採取許多普遍知識的方式
    來涵蓋很多主題,以便可以利用人工智能
    深入探討不同主題。
    我們鼓勵孩子們進行監督下的人工智能對話互動
    並讓他們知道這項技術是可以利用的。
    我們還專注於一些手動技能,
    例如如何修理鍋爐以及如何鋸木頭,
    以及這類事情。
    同時,我們還在上戲劇課,
    在舞台上表演。
    所以這些都是典型的事情,
    但老實說,想到10年或15年後
    他們將面對的世界,
    這讓我感到焦慮。
    如果你們有清晰的答案,我非常樂意學習。
    —— 對我來說,我的兒子兩歲半,
    所以這個激勵談話對他來說還為時尚早,
    但我的信息是:當他夠大可以聽到這些時候,
    我想告訴他的是。
    你的祖父,你的曾祖父,
    我的祖父曾經作為奴隸勞工
    從蘇聯烏克蘭被帶到納粹德國。
    你的曾祖母出生於蘇聯的古拉格。
    你的曾祖母經歷了德國的佔領,
    現在也正在經歷弗拉基米爾·普京對烏克蘭的入侵。
    你並不生活在最糟糕的時代。
    你周圍的人都是一些懦夫。
    如果你是一個男人,如果你做好自己的工作,
    如果你學會你需要的技能,
    如果你竭盡所能追求你想要的人生,
    如果你相信自己,
    如果你相信你是有才能的,
    如果你真的實現你所設想的事情,
    在全人類的歷史上,
    現在是最好的時代。
    你周圍主要都是那些自怨自艾的人。
    如果你不是其中之一,你將會取得成功。
    年輕女性正在尋找像你這樣年輕的男人,
    他是真正會為自己挺身而出的人,
    他真的會走出去,努力實現並且充滿自信。
    成為這樣的人,你會在尋找合適伴侶方面取得成功。
    你會在賺錢方面取得成功。
    在你的事業上你會取得成功。
    在每一方面你都會取得成功,
    因為標準從未這麼低過。
    標準從未這麼低過。
    所以,出去做一個男人,生活會很美好。
    —— 我年紀較長。
    我有14歲和17歲的男孩,我的觀察是
    你無法告訴他們任何事情。
    你能做的最好的事情就是為他們樹立榜樣。
    所以,我努力對他們的母親非常友好。
    我努力向他們展示,如果你認真對待擁有一個良好的家庭,
    你必須成為一個慷慨、充滿愛的伴侶。
    我努力讓自己保持良好的身體狀態,
    而這變得越來越困難。
    我試著在他們面前表現出對商業的積極態度,並試圖保持友善。
    我和他們討論過剩值的概念。
    我對他們說,你們現在是接受者。
    英國的學校系統非常出色,正在對你們進行大量投資,而你們幾乎沒有回報。我是說,你的母親對你的愛遠超過你對我們的愛。你到處都在佔用資源。你是一個淨負擔。而你成年人的儀式是在性方面或某種宗教儀式上。你成為成年人是當你開始創造剩餘價值的時候。你愛的人比你吸收的要多。你聆聽的抱怨比你所抱怨的要多。你創造的收益比你吸收的要多。這就是剩餘價值的概念。我有一個稱為“男人應該做什麼”的技巧。我一直這樣做,從孩子們開始,當我客人來時,男人會去拿他們的行李,並把它放進他們的房間。一個男人不斷查看桌子上的空水杯。而我最自豪的時刻之一是我六歲的兒子,那時他大約只有30磅,站起來走到桌子上的一個巨大水壺那裡,開始試著為其他人倒水,所有人都不知道發生了什麼。我做這些事情叫做“男人應該做什麼”。一個男人會去邀請一個女人喝咖啡。一個男人會為女人付款。這種情況下我有些性別歧視。我仍然告訴我的男孩們,我的兒子用這種方式批評我,“爸爸,你真是太傳統了。”我回答說,“你想要有性行為嗎?”我說,“那你需要付錢。”(笑)我是說,這就是底線。不過,我想說的是,我正在努力樹立榜樣,做一個好的榜樣,但我同意康斯坦丁和丹尼爾。我認為,他們每天都有更多的潛力過上歷史上最令人驚奇的生活。我不是虛無主義者。我不是災難主義者。我想到的是大問題,但考慮到將來這些男人的兒子所擁有的祝福,未來的ELF史蒂文的兒子,能成為他們真是太好。他們沒有藉口。他們應該表現出色。他們應該過上美好的生活。 – 康斯坦丁、斯科特、丹尼爾,非常感謝你們抽出時間,雖然通知很短卻來談論所有這些話題。這是一個範圍非常廣泛的對話,你們將為這些問題帶來如此有趣、搞笑和細緻的觀點。我很高興我們能夠進行這樣的對話,並以尊重的方式有不同的意見。希望這能澄清我所經歷的許多混淆,以及許多人目前正在經歷的混淆。所以感謝你們所有人。我會在螢幕上連結你們的所有工作。我知道,斯科特,你有一本關於男性氣質的書即將出版,我們都非常期待。我們一直在等待,早該發行了,請快點。康斯坦丁,你有一個不可思議的播客,與你的三角學相關,我會在螢幕上連結。我建議大家去聽並訂閱,如果他們想要更多這方面的內容。丹尼爾,你已經在我的節目上出現過,但你有無數本書。我認為獲得更多你信息的最佳地方,當然是你的網站,丹尼爾·普里斯特利的網站,在那裡你可以找到你的所有書籍和工作以及你正在做的一切。謝謝大家。真的非常感激,也非常感謝你們參加我們這種形式的第一次小實驗,所以,謝謝。

    Trump has taken the oath of office, but what does this really mean for the future of the world? 

     The Diary Of A CEO’s first ever election round table is joined by three renowned voices: Scott Galloway, Daniel Priestly and Konstantin Kisin. 

    • Konstantin Kisin, a political and social commentator known for discussing some of society’s most controversial topics.

    • Professor Scott Galloway, a renowned professor and business analyst who publicly endorsed Kamala Harris, offers sharp, data-driven critiques of Trump’s policies and their impact on democracy and the economy.

    • Daniel Priestley, an entrepreneur and strategist, examines how Trump’s election could reshape the business landscape, addressing the challenges and opportunities for industries adapting to new policies.

    In this conversation, the guests and Steven discuss topics such as, how Trump will redefine masculinity, how wokeism is strengthening the right wing, what Trump’s return means for censorship, and the impact of the election on the UK. 

    00:00 Intro

    02:31 What’s the Big Picture as It Relates to This Election?

    05:16 The Things Trump Is Promising Are Things That Should Happen

    09:30 Has the Left Lost Its Way?

    13:44 Did Trump Just Have a Better Marketing Campaign?

    17:26 Millionaires Are Leaving the UK

    20:18 Is the UK Still a Good Place for Business vs. the US?

    23:30 Is the UK a Failing Nation?

    24:57 Elon Musk’s Attack on the UK

    26:13 The UK’s Attitude Toward the Rich Is Wrong

    28:08 Is the British Attitude Holding Us Back From Our Potential?

    31:13 Young Men Are Struggling in America

    37:15 The Rollback of Trump’s DEI Measures

    44:13 Trump’s Move Toward a Merit-Based Society

    47:55 Masculinity and Identity Issues

    52:51 Trump’s Stance on Masculinity

    56:04 Elon Musk and Censorship

    58:49 The Power of Freedom of Speech

    01:00:56 Why Has Elon Chosen Now to Raise These Issues?

    01:04:00 What Does Elon Musk Want?

    01:06:49 Big Tech Cosying Up to Trump

    01:10:11 Living in an Echo Chamber With Algorithms

    01:16:15 Social Networks Are Becoming Political Environments

    01:24:16 Where Is the West Heading?

    01:27:54 What’s Not Getting Enough Attention Right Now?

    01:33:24 Best Advice to Prepare Young Men for the Future

    1% Diary Launch:

    🤐👀The 1% Diary is almost back – make sure you’re ready! https://bit.ly/1-Diary-Megaphone-ad-reads 

    Follow Daniel Priestly: 

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    Follow Scott Galloway:

    Instagram – https://g2ul0.app.link/NXSe3vpRaOb 

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    Follow Konstantin Kisin: 

    Instagram – https://g2ul0.app.link/9dEAmZfnZMb 

    Twitter – https://g2ul0.app.link/zxPCajjnZMb 

    Website – https://g2ul0.app.link/rFcxrQlnZMb

    Watch the episodes on Youtube – https://g2ul0.app.link/DOACEpisodes 

    My new book! ‘The 33 Laws Of Business & Life’ is out now – https://g2ul0.app.link/DOACBook 

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  • NVIDIA: At the Heart of the AI Boom

    AI transcript
    0:00:07 PUSHKIN
    0:00:11 Hey, it’s Jacob.
    0:00:16 There is no shortage of tech podcasts, but few of them actually give you a dose of the
    0:00:17 future.
    0:00:20 The A16Z podcast is the exception.
    0:00:25 The chart-topping show from Andreessen Horowitz brings you to the world’s most influential
    0:00:31 people, movers who have a track record of being both early and right, like Apple co-founder
    0:00:37 Steve Wozniak, or Andreessen Horowitz co-founders Mark Andreessen and Ben Horowitz.
    0:00:41 Not to mention folks you don’t typically get to hear from, from the very first CTO of
    0:00:48 the CIA to the chief security officers behind OpenAI, Anthropic, and DeepMind.
    0:00:54 These guests tackle the most important trends in technology, from space to supply chains.
    0:00:58 Want to understand the technology, policy, and economy of deepfakes?
    0:01:00 They just broke this down.
    0:01:05 Curious what really happened with the recent data breach of 3 billion records?
    0:01:07 They covered that too.
    0:01:11 Are autonomous cars, boats, and drones still miles away?
    0:01:13 Listen to find out.
    0:01:20 So go ahead, eavesdrop on the future with the A16Z podcast.
    0:01:24 Just a quick note at the start of the show, we are very eager to hear what you think of
    0:01:29 the show and how we can make it better, how we can make a show that you like more than
    0:01:30 the show we’re making now.
    0:01:34 Tell us what we should do more of, what we should do less of, and what we should do
    0:01:35 wildly differently.
    0:01:39 Email us at problem@pushkin.fm.
    0:01:47 Again, problem@pushkin.fm, I’m looking forward to reading every email.
    0:01:53 Artificial intelligence feels very abstract, feels very ephemeral, feels more like an
    0:01:56 idea than a thing.
    0:02:02 But there is, in fact, a thing there, AI is rooted in the physical world.
    0:02:08 The thing or things are these little pieces of silicon and metal called graphics processing
    0:02:10 units, GPUs.
    0:02:15 These GPUs are expensive, they cost thousands of dollars each.
    0:02:19 If you want to build a state of the art AI model, you have to buy tens of thousands of
    0:02:27 these GPUs, and most of the GPUs come from a single company, NVIDIA, which is why in
    0:02:33 just the past few years NVIDIA has become one of the most valuable, most important companies
    0:02:40 in the world.
    0:02:43 I’m Jacob Goldstein, and this is What’s Your Problem.
    0:02:45 My guest today is Tay Kim.
    0:02:49 He is a staff writer at Barron’s and the author of a new book about NVIDIA.
    0:02:53 The book’s called The NVIDIA Way.
    0:02:57 The book, of course, winds up being a lot about Jensen Wong, who co-founded the company
    0:03:06 back in 1993, and who is still the CEO, and who is really a wild, kind of terrifying, brilliant
    0:03:07 figure.
    0:03:12 And Tay and I talk a lot about Jensen later in the interview, but we started with this
    0:03:19 moment in 2001, that led from NVIDIA being a company that made graphics cards that let
    0:03:26 people play video games on computers to becoming this key company at the center of the AI revolution
    0:03:30 today.
    0:03:37 So you write about this moment in 2001 when a researcher, an academic at the University
    0:03:42 of North Carolina, realizes he can basically hack these graphics cards, this hardware that’s
    0:03:48 just made to make pretty graphics on the computer, to help in his research, which is like not
    0:03:50 at all about graphics, right?
    0:03:53 It’s like modeling the weather or something.
    0:04:00 And it seems like this moment is a big, winds up being a big turning point in the history
    0:04:01 of technology, really.
    0:04:02 Tell me about that moment.
    0:04:07 The key moment was with Mark Harris, where he was a researcher at the University of North
    0:04:08 Carolina.
    0:04:14 And him and a bunch of other academics realized there was all this computing power that you
    0:04:21 can hack the algorithm to use that computing power to model thermodynamics of fluids inside
    0:04:23 clouds, which was a thesis.
    0:04:27 And he realized that worked better than the CPU than just sort of doing it the traditional
    0:04:29 way through the computer.
    0:04:35 And the GPU has all these different cores that run in parallel, and the CPU only typically
    0:04:39 has four to eight cores, and GPUs have hundreds of thousands of cores.
    0:04:42 What’s a CPU better at than a GPU?
    0:04:46 Like why would you have four to eight when you could have thousands?
    0:04:50 Well, it could run more complicated pieces of instructions and software.
    0:04:54 And GPUs typically break down into much simpler tasks.
    0:04:57 But the difference is you could run all those tasks across a thousand.
    0:05:06 So for certain workloads like AI, it’s so much faster than a CPU, which has to do things
    0:05:08 kind of one after another, seriously.
    0:05:14 So Mark Harris and all these academics started hacking into the graphics algorithms and using
    0:05:19 that power to do all this scientific high performance computing.
    0:05:24 And Mark Harris started a website and congregated all these researchers and everyone sharing
    0:05:28 the knowledge, sharing the tricks to actually hack into this.
    0:05:33 So NVIDIA sees this, they’re seeing people use this to model stock options, to model
    0:05:36 the weather, and saying, “Wow, this is actually really interesting.”
    0:05:39 Yeah, that’s like your dream if you’re a company, right?
    0:05:43 It’s like, “Oh, there’s all these other things you could do with this thing we’re already
    0:05:44 making.”
    0:05:45 Exactly.
    0:05:49 And Jensen kind of had the foresight to see this, “Wow, this is a really big deal.
    0:05:50 We should invest in this.”
    0:05:56 So they wind up hiring Mark Harris and look at all the things that all these researchers
    0:06:01 are doing, and this is the beginning of the development of CUDA, which is a programming
    0:06:05 platform for general purpose GPU computing.
    0:06:09 And just to be clear, CUDA is like, it’s a programming language, but in this case, they’re
    0:06:13 programming what used to be just the thing for graphics, but it turns out to be good
    0:06:14 for these other things.
    0:06:18 And that language, it’s NVIDIA’s own language, right?
    0:06:22 And this is, I feel like, going to be important in the business story for why NVIDIA is so
    0:06:24 dominant today, right?
    0:06:29 They write this language, they own the language, and it’s written just to work with their chips.
    0:06:30 Is that right?
    0:06:32 Yes, no one else can use this.
    0:06:37 It’s extensions on a programming language that makes parallel computing easier for programmers
    0:06:39 to make.
    0:06:46 So Jensen just invested in this, and he actually thinks longer term than the average CEO.
    0:06:51 So most CEOs are looking at maybe the next quarter, maybe a year or two, Jensen thinks
    0:06:54 in five, 10, 15 year increments.
    0:06:57 So he’s always looking out, what’s the next big computing shift?
    0:07:00 What’s the next big technology phase?
    0:07:05 So he saw CUDA as the main thing where eventually his GPUs, you have all this latent enormous
    0:07:12 computing power, will be able to be used for science, research, all these other simulation
    0:07:14 things.
    0:07:15 And he didn’t give up.
    0:07:19 Even when Wall Street went down on its next day, why are you wasting all this dye space?
    0:07:21 It’s crushing your gross profit margins.
    0:07:27 He said, no, this is the future computing, I’m going to invest in it, and it will work
    0:07:28 out someday.
    0:07:32 And when you say wasting all this dye space, dye space is like space on the chip, right?
    0:07:38 He’s making a physical thing, and to commit to CUDA to have this dedicated programming
    0:07:43 language, you actually have to give up space on the chip, so it’s costly, right?
    0:07:48 Where margins go down, they’re not optimizing for profits at that moment.
    0:07:50 It’s literal circuits called CUDA cores.
    0:07:54 Their hardware circuits are optimized to run the CUDA language.
    0:08:00 So even internally, executives are like, why are we spending all this money allocating
    0:08:05 dye space for something that people really aren’t using that much, that isn’t generating
    0:08:06 revenue?
    0:08:11 But Jensen saw this as a future, I actually kind of bring up the analogy of Reed Hastings
    0:08:12 and Netflix.
    0:08:16 So when he started Netflix, the technology wasn’t ready, consumers didn’t really have
    0:08:22 broadband, but he had this intuitive sense that someday video will be streamed over the
    0:08:27 internet, and that was the future, and it’s so obvious now, but back then it wasn’t.
    0:08:34 So Hastings positioned Netflix, he made money with DVD rentals for a while, and just stayed
    0:08:37 on top of the technology, kept on investing and investing, and when the technology was
    0:08:44 good enough, that’s when he really pivoted Netflix to dominate internet streaming.
    0:08:49 Jensen did this multiple times with 3D graphics, video game graphics.
    0:08:56 He knew that someday PC video games would be a big market, programmable GPUs, CUDA,
    0:09:00 and later with AI on these full-stack data center AI servers.
    0:09:05 He just sees the future and is willing to keep investing, even if it’s five, 10 years
    0:09:06 out.
    0:09:08 It started in 2006.
    0:09:12 I mean, things got incrementally better for the next 10 years, but it didn’t really take
    0:09:15 off till 2022.
    0:09:19 Yeah, till chatGPT basically, 2022 is to chatGPT.
    0:09:21 That’s when Nvidia goes totally bonkers.
    0:09:26 And that was the power of the large language model of AI and all that stuff, and he’s investing
    0:09:29 throughout this whole thing for 10, 15 years.
    0:09:31 So there is a moment, there’s a moment in the middle there.
    0:09:35 I do obviously want to get to the chatGPT moment and the present, but there is one more
    0:09:41 moment I feel like in the middle where Nvidia is in the center of it, and that’s 2012.
    0:09:47 So you have early 2001, people realize, “Oh, you can hack the GPU to do other things.”
    0:09:48 And everybody’s like, “Oh, that’s interesting.
    0:09:51 Let’s build the whole programming language so people can do that.”
    0:10:01 And then in 2012, you have this moment that really seems like the birth of modern AI.
    0:10:08 This moment when this AI model called AlexNet sort of emerges into the world, and everybody
    0:10:14 in the AI world is like, “Oh my God, AI is here.”
    0:10:16 Tell me about that moment.
    0:10:23 So AlexNet was a program that was created by two researchers at the University of Toronto,
    0:10:28 and they competed in this competition called ImageNet, which basically fed images into
    0:10:34 the model, and they were able to recognize and categorize the image much more effectively
    0:10:36 than any other model in the past.
    0:10:39 And the breakthrough was they used GPUs for the first time.
    0:10:41 And it was just a few, right?
    0:10:46 They were grad students, and they got their hands on a few Nvidia GPUs and had them running
    0:10:49 on servers in the hallway or something.
    0:10:52 And these are video game GPUs to be clear.
    0:10:54 This isn’t some enterprise complicated GPU.
    0:10:59 They literally went to a store and bought a bunch of video game GPUs, and it turned out
    0:11:06 to be very effective where they could do the power and effectiveness of 2,000 CPUs on only
    0:11:08 12 GPUs.
    0:11:12 And to be clear, that kind of vision AI, it’s machine learning.
    0:11:18 It’s the same basic technology as is used in large language models, right?
    0:11:19 It’s modern AI.
    0:11:28 And so that moment is this moment when it’s like, “Oh, holy shit, GPUs are 100X better
    0:11:30 than CPUs for AI.”
    0:11:31 Yes.
    0:11:32 That’s interesting.
    0:11:33 That’s useful to know.
    0:11:40 So it was a combination of GPUs, data, and algorithms that kind of combusted at that perfect
    0:11:41 moment.
    0:11:46 And then Jensen saw this, and he’s like, “This is a big deal, and someday AI is going to
    0:11:49 be huge, and we need to invest big in this.”
    0:11:56 So on top of CUDA, he invested in all these AI libraries that effectively managed the GPUs
    0:12:00 to do AI workloads in the most effective manner.
    0:12:05 And he invested in libraries, invested in software, he invested in researchers, and
    0:12:11 allocated a lot of employees to this project, starting in around 2013.
    0:12:16 And so that’s more of the like, it’s not just the chip, right?
    0:12:23 It’s like the chip that is optimized to be not only efficient on the hardware level,
    0:12:24 but there’s all this software.
    0:12:31 So if you are building AI, if you’re writing code for AI, they make it really easy for
    0:12:33 you to do it on NVIDIA GPUs.
    0:12:40 So it’s all the math libraries, it’s all the AI frameworks work the best on NVIDIA GPUs.
    0:12:44 And they added these things called tensor cores similar to CUDA cores.
    0:12:51 They actually added hardware circuitry inside the GPUs that are optimized to run AI training
    0:12:54 and workloads and all the software that you’re running.
    0:12:59 And this is over again, this is over another nine, eight years where they’re building
    0:13:05 all the software and hardware circuitry to run deep learning AI the best.
    0:13:07 Okay.
    0:13:08 It’s time.
    0:13:15 2022, 2022, chat GPT comes out.
    0:13:17 What’s that mean for NVIDIA?
    0:13:24 So actually, chat GPT takes off and it takes about two quarters for the whole world to
    0:13:26 realize this is a big deal.
    0:13:32 This model of natural language processing where the computer actually understands what
    0:13:40 you’re asking and that ability to draw insights and be effective with all that natural language
    0:13:47 stuff just blows people away and companies and startups realize we have a new AI boom
    0:13:56 here because it really unleashes a wave of capabilities that wasn’t doable before.
    0:14:01 So about six months later, that’s when the big bang I call it for NVIDIA happens when
    0:14:08 they say, “Oh my gosh, we’re going to beat our numbers that the street expects by $4
    0:14:10 billion.”
    0:14:14 And the stock went up like $170 billion in value because the world realized.
    0:14:15 In like a day?
    0:14:16 Yes, a day.
    0:14:22 There was one day and it was spring of 2023, this is what you’re talking about.
    0:14:28 And this is three weeks after I had the meeting with a book publisher who asked me if I could
    0:14:29 do a book on NVIDIA.
    0:14:30 But literally, I started.
    0:14:35 Also, good timing for you, good timing for NVIDIA, good timing for you.
    0:14:41 And right, no, I remember that day and there was a question then of like, “Oh my God, is
    0:14:42 this a one-off?
    0:14:44 Are they going to keep growing this way?”
    0:14:50 Basically, what they said was, “We sold way, way more GPUs than we thought we were going
    0:14:51 to.”
    0:14:52 Right?
    0:14:54 That’s the basic thing they reported in their earnings report.
    0:14:59 And the subtext is, this is the world and in particular like big tech companies with
    0:15:06 lots of money realizing, “Oh, we’ve got to get into this AI game more than we have been.”
    0:15:11 And to do that, we got to buy a lot of really expensive GPUs from NVIDIA.
    0:15:17 And Jensen is really smart at selling this stuff.
    0:15:23 He’s very smart because every company, every company’s CEO, every startup, they saw this
    0:15:25 risk as existential for them.
    0:15:32 Because if your competitor comes out with the AI-featured offering that’s much better
    0:15:39 than what you have today that isn’t advantaged by the AI models, that competitor could drive
    0:15:40 you out of business.
    0:15:46 So Jensen was very smart at selling to people that you need to get on board.
    0:15:49 At making everybody scared of losing.
    0:15:50 Yes.
    0:15:57 And in particular, there is a small number of very large, very rich tech companies that
    0:16:01 are a very big part of NVIDIA’s revenue.
    0:16:09 It’s like, whatever, the ones you could think of, Google, Netta, Microsoft, Amazon, I guess
    0:16:13 open AI is connected with.
    0:16:17 Those companies are buying a huge share of these GPUs.
    0:16:21 They account for a big, big chunk of NVIDIA’s revenue.
    0:16:24 Those are good companies to have as customers because they’re super rich, right?
    0:16:27 They can afford to pay you tens of billions of dollars for your GPUs.
    0:16:33 But that being said, they’re reselling that GPU power to companies and startups.
    0:16:39 So startups are buying that GPU computing capacity from these tech companies.
    0:16:40 That’s a good point.
    0:16:44 So they’re in a way not the end customer, they’re the sort of intermediate kind of service
    0:16:45 providers.
    0:16:49 They also use that for their own internal systems too.
    0:16:55 Meta uses a ton of GPU power to make their advertising algorithms more effective and to
    0:16:58 pick the videos like TikTok does.
    0:17:03 And obviously Google search is now becoming more and more AI driven and there’s Gemini,
    0:17:04 which is right.
    0:17:10 I mean, there’s more direct use of AI by all of the big tech companies as well.
    0:17:14 So there’s another piece of this, which is interesting, I mean, because there’s one
    0:17:19 universe where it’s like, oh, we got to get in on AI, and they all buy the GPUs.
    0:17:20 And then that’s kind of it.
    0:17:24 It’s like a step function where like there’s this momentary rush where everybody buys the
    0:17:25 GPUs and then whatever.
    0:17:31 They just upgrade every couple of years and it’s more like a regular tech hardware business,
    0:17:33 which is like good, but not amazing.
    0:17:37 But there’s another piece of it that has been a huge deal for NVIDIA and that’s the scaling
    0:17:40 law or the scaling hypothesis.
    0:17:41 Let’s talk about that.
    0:17:42 What’s the scaling hypothesis?
    0:17:47 The scaling hypothesis is similar to what I said before is the combination of computing
    0:17:53 power, the more computing power you add, the more data you increase, and the better ways
    0:17:56 you figure out software algorithms.
    0:18:01 For each of these three buckets, if you increase it, the AI model becomes more capable and
    0:18:02 more effective.
    0:18:07 And like just to be clear, like even if the algorithms aren’t getting that much better,
    0:18:08 right?
    0:18:10 Like my understanding is, and this is kind of a new idea.
    0:18:17 But like, oh, if we can just have more data and more computing power, we’ll get better
    0:18:18 results.
    0:18:19 Yes.
    0:18:22 So it’s great if you have all three doing, you know, basically going up.
    0:18:29 But for this time period, the last few years, the scaling law has really taken off.
    0:18:39 And companies are literally 10xing their compute power and these AI clusters going from 16,000
    0:18:41 GPUs now to 100,000 GPUs.
    0:18:46 And now people are saying they’re going to build one million GPU clusters in the next
    0:18:47 two, three years.
    0:18:51 And NVIDIA is selling most of those GPUs.
    0:18:52 Yes.
    0:18:56 So if you go from 16,000 to 100,000 GPUs in a couple of years, that’s a good business
    0:18:57 to be in.
    0:19:03 If you’re increasing the scale of the hardware by 10x every couple of years.
    0:19:08 And the exciting thing for NVIDIA is that, like what I argue is that this thing is going
    0:19:13 to, this trend is going to continue in the next few years because you have the scaling
    0:19:14 laws.
    0:19:18 Then you have this thing called multimodal where they’re using this GPUs, not just for
    0:19:25 text like in chat tpt, you’re using it for video and images, generating those things.
    0:19:30 And now there’s these two other things, two other waves of demand that are happening.
    0:19:36 There’s this thing called AI agents, where these AI models can do multi-step tasks for
    0:19:37 you.
    0:19:38 Right.
    0:19:43 You could be like, book me a ticket to San Diego some weekend in June, whenever it’s the
    0:19:44 best deal.
    0:19:45 Yes.
    0:19:46 And then it does that.
    0:19:49 So that’s going to happen in the next 12 months, yes.
    0:19:54 These AI agents will eventually in the next year or two be able to do all that tedious
    0:20:00 work automatically and probably with less errors than an actual human being.
    0:20:05 So AI agents, multimodal, and now there’s this thing called test time compute, where the
    0:20:11 AI models instead of just spinning back an instant reply can actually think about what’s
    0:20:15 the best way to respond to your question and spend more time thinking about it and then
    0:20:18 give you a higher quality answer.
    0:20:25 So there’s all these things that all of these test time compute, AI agents, multimodal,
    0:20:30 these are all things that need more computing power, they need more GPUs and these are all
    0:20:36 things that are going to drive NVIDIA’s revenue in the next couple of years.
    0:20:41 We’ll be back in a minute and we will talk, among other things, about Jensen Wong, one
    0:20:47 of the most successful entrepreneurs of the 21st century and a man who once told a colleague
    0:20:53 that he wakes up every morning, looks in the mirror and says to himself, “You suck.”
    0:21:03 Hey it’s Jacob, I’m here with Rachel Botsman, Rachel Lectures on Trust at Oxford University
    0:21:09 and she is the author of a new Pushkin audiobook called How to Trust and Be Trusted.
    0:21:10 Hi Rachel.
    0:21:11 Hi Jacob.
    0:21:17 Rachel Botsman, tell me three things I need to know about trust.
    0:21:21 Number one, do not mistake confidence for competence.
    0:21:22 Big trust mistakes.
    0:21:28 So when people are making trust decisions, they often look for confidence versus competence.
    0:21:35 Number two, transparency doesn’t equal more trust, big myth and misconception and a real
    0:21:37 problem actually in the tech world.
    0:21:43 The reason why is because trust is a confident relationship with the unknown.
    0:21:47 So what are you doing if you make things more transparent?
    0:21:49 You’re reducing the need for trust.
    0:21:55 And number three, become a stellar expectation setter.
    0:22:00 Inconsistency with expectations really damages trust.
    0:22:00 I love it.
    0:22:04 Say the name of the book again and why everybody should listen to it.
    0:22:07 So it’s called How to Trust and Be Trusted.
    0:22:13 Intentionally it’s a two-way title because we have to give trust and we have to earn trust
    0:22:19 and the reason why I wrote it is because we often hear about how trust is in a state of crisis
    0:22:21 or how it’s in a state of decline.
    0:22:26 But there’s lots of things that you can do to improve trust in your own lives,
    0:22:30 to improve trust in your teams, trusting yourself to take more risks
    0:22:33 or even making smarter trust decisions.
    0:22:37 Rachel Botsman, the new audiobook is called How to Trust and Be Trusted.
    0:22:38 Great to talk with you.
    0:22:44 It’s so good to talk with you and I really hope listeners listen to it because it can change people’s lives.
    0:22:48 I want to talk about Jensen a little bit.
    0:22:53 I mean, your book, he’s obviously the main character in the history of NVIDIA.
    0:22:54 He’s the main character in your book.
    0:22:58 He’s been the CEO of NVIDIA for more than 30 years,
    0:23:01 which is like longer than Bill Gates with the CEO of Microsoft,
    0:23:06 longer than almost anybody in the S&P 500 has been a CEO at this point.
    0:23:09 His childhood is quite interesting, right?
    0:23:11 Like, tell me just a little bit about his childhood.
    0:23:17 He was born in Taiwan and they moved around a little bit to Thailand.
    0:23:23 And his father came to training in New York and fell in love with America.
    0:23:26 This is like the great American dream story.
    0:23:34 And the mother and father started teaching Jensen and his brother English 10 words a day,
    0:23:38 and they sent him to his aunt and uncle when he was about age eight or nine.
    0:23:43 And the aunt and uncle and the families, the funny thing is,
    0:23:46 they sent him to a reform school in Kentucky by mistake,
    0:23:51 thinking that he would get a great education at this boarding school in Kentucky.
    0:23:53 But they just thought it was a boarding school.
    0:23:56 Yes, but it turned out to be a school for troubled kids.
    0:23:59 Which Jensen was not.
    0:24:03 He was just like a smart kid with ambitious for him parents.
    0:24:03 Yes.
    0:24:09 But he talks about how his time at Oneida Baptist Institute in Kentucky was formational for him.
    0:24:10 What was it like for him?
    0:24:14 It was hard at the beginning, but he started befriending people.
    0:24:19 He started playing chess with the janitor.
    0:24:23 And he just learned how to deal with other people much better.
    0:24:27 And he talks about how he learned his street fighter mentality.
    0:24:28 Because he was literally fighting.
    0:24:32 Yes, I mean, there were bullies and all that stuff,
    0:24:38 but he just learned how to deal with people and the rough and tumble of kids back then.
    0:24:44 Eventually, his parents came from abroad and they settled in Oregon.
    0:24:49 And he learned his work ethic from working at Denny’s.
    0:24:57 He talks about how he washed more dishes and cleaned more bathrooms than any CEO in the history of CEOs.
    0:25:04 He says Denny’s helped them in terms of social skills and dealing with time pressure and dealing with customers.
    0:25:09 But it’s the work ethic that really sets him apart.
    0:25:14 So even at the beginning, he was working from 9am to midnight.
    0:25:19 And he just set a culture where NVIDIA employees work really hard.
    0:25:22 And I feel like at the beginning, that’s common, right?
    0:25:25 Like that is the classic start-up story.
    0:25:27 But the classic start-up story is you do that for five years.
    0:25:33 And then either you get giant and you hire a grown-up CEO and you, you know,
    0:25:37 go start your blimp company or whatever, or you sell or whatever.
    0:25:39 He’s still doing that, right?
    0:25:45 He’s 60 years old and like wildly rich and he’s still working that much.
    0:25:46 He’s working all weekend.
    0:25:48 He’s working Saturday, Sunday.
    0:25:54 He talks about when he goes to a movie, he doesn’t remember the movie because he’s thinking about work.
    0:25:57 He finds work relaxing and fun.
    0:25:58 This is what drives him.
    0:26:00 He loves working.
    0:26:03 There’s a moment, you know, you don’t, you don’t write about his personal life at all
    0:26:09 once he sort of grows up and starts NVIDIA, you know, reasonably because the book’s about NVIDIA.
    0:26:13 And so I just assumed he just worked all the time and didn’t have a family.
    0:26:18 And I think the only time in the book that his family comes up is there’s this scene
    0:26:23 where he’s on vacation and he’s talking to some senior manager at NVIDIA on the phone
    0:26:24 and they’re like, what are you doing?
    0:26:29 And he’s like, I’m sitting here on the balcony watching my kids play in the sand and writing emails.
    0:26:33 And it’s like, like, if it’s a movie, the kids are never on stage, right?
    0:26:35 You just hear them offstage at that moment.
    0:26:37 You’re like, oh, he has kids.
    0:26:42 Like that was, that was a weird moment to me reading that, that line.
    0:26:48 So both executives told me they hate it when Jensen so-called goes on vacation
    0:26:53 because he winds up giving them more directives and orders
    0:26:57 and more stuff to do when he’s on vacation because he’s emailing them, do this, do that.
    0:27:00 And they, they actually yell at him.
    0:27:02 So you play with your kids.
    0:27:07 And he’s like, no, I could get real work done when I’m on vacation by doing his emails.
    0:27:08 I mean-
    0:27:11 So it shows you his obsession.
    0:27:15 He’s constantly thinking, he’s constantly worried about what’s happening at NVIDIA.
    0:27:17 I mean, it’s, it’s interesting, right?
    0:27:25 Like, he’s not a balanced person, like, which is why, to some extent,
    0:27:28 he has built the thing that he has built, right?
    0:27:34 He’s completely obsessed with winning and he’s extremely competitive.
    0:27:35 Yeah.
    0:27:37 There’s a few other specific moments that really stood out to me.
    0:27:43 There’s one where I think this, I think a salesperson told you this,
    0:27:46 where they had just had a great quarter.
    0:27:52 They’d sold a ton of GPUs and the sales guys talking to Jensen about how great they’re doing.
    0:27:56 And Jensen says to the sales guy about Jensen, about himself.
    0:28:01 Jensen says, I look in the mirror every morning and say, you suck.
    0:28:05 So he, he’s almost like a self psychologist.
    0:28:10 He knows if you start thinking that you’re, you’re the best and you’re, you’re hot stuff,
    0:28:11 you might get complacent.
    0:28:13 You start resting on your laurels.
    0:28:14 You might not work as hard enough.
    0:28:17 So he, he sees that, oh, we just had a blowout quarter.
    0:28:19 What’s the risk here?
    0:28:21 The risk is me getting complacent.
    0:28:25 So I’m going to look myself in the mirror and say you suck and psych myself out.
    0:28:29 I mean, that’s, that’s, that’s one reading of it.
    0:28:31 That’s the like 10 dimensional chess reading of it.
    0:28:33 I mean, there’s another reading of it, which is like,
    0:28:38 he’s messed up in a way that makes him super driven and successful.
    0:28:40 But it works.
    0:28:41 He actually definitely works.
    0:28:43 We can agree that it works.
    0:28:45 But he does the opposite too.
    0:28:50 So when things are really intimidating and he feels like, oh my gosh, how am I going to do this?
    0:28:52 He tells himself, how hard can it be?
    0:28:54 How hard can it be Jensen?
    0:28:58 So he does it on both, both ends of this spectrum where he,
    0:29:01 he cites himself out when he feels intimidated.
    0:29:04 And when he feels like he’s on top of the world,
    0:29:06 he tries to bring himself down back to the earth.
    0:29:12 So the one other big piece of, of the Jensen Wong experience that we haven’t talked about
    0:29:15 is the way he treats the people who work for him, right?
    0:29:19 I want to talk about a particular scene,
    0:29:22 because I think it, it puts a finer point on a scene from the book where
    0:29:26 it’s like a company-wide meeting and it’s on like Zoom or whatever.
    0:29:28 And he’s yelling at a guy in the meeting.
    0:29:29 He’s yelling at him.
    0:29:31 And then on top of that,
    0:29:36 he keeps telling the person filming the meeting to zoom in on the guy he’s yelling at.
    0:29:41 I had multiple sources tell me that it was the most humiliating thing they’ve ever seen.
    0:29:43 I mean, it’s, that seems like bullying.
    0:29:46 Like why zoom in on the guy?
    0:29:48 Like what lesson is added by that?
    0:29:52 So he kept on saying to Mr. Rayfield,
    0:29:55 you got to get this chip back on track.
    0:29:58 The chip that he was in charge of was behind schedule.
    0:30:03 And he kept on pointing to him, zooming in his face and telling him,
    0:30:04 you’ve got to get this.
    0:30:05 This is not how you run a business.
    0:30:08 You need to get this chip back on track.
    0:30:11 And this kind of like high standard demanding attitude,
    0:30:14 I think is effective.
    0:30:15 It drives people.
    0:30:18 If you get dressed down by Jensen,
    0:30:23 the next time you’re going to work 10 times more to make sure that you do a better job.
    0:30:27 Maybe I don’t want the world to be that way, but it is that way.
    0:30:28 You know what I mean?
    0:30:30 Like maybe I want to believe that like,
    0:30:34 there’s a kinder world where people could do equally good work.
    0:30:35 But maybe I’m wrong.
    0:30:39 And Steve Jobs was the same way.
    0:30:39 Yeah.
    0:30:42 It wasn’t all sunshine and rainbows.
    0:30:43 No, no.
    0:30:46 I mean, the Isaacson book was really clear, right?
    0:30:48 The Isaacson biography of Steve Jobs.
    0:30:51 He did not seem like a good person in that book.
    0:30:53 He seemed like really good at building amazing products,
    0:30:59 but like not like a good human being by the sort of standard way we think of what makes a good person.
    0:31:04 But I think the key point that we also have to think about is people at NVIDIA stay.
    0:31:05 Yeah.
    0:31:06 That’s really interesting.
    0:31:11 The turnover is like one of the lowest in the industry at only 3% compared to the average of 13 to 15%.
    0:31:18 I mean, certainly in the last few years, people stay because you get rich if you stay and you lose your equity if you leave.
    0:31:21 But is that number true if you go back to when the stock was flat?
    0:31:25 I don’t have the numbers, but a lot of the senior executives have been there
    0:31:29 more so than any other company, 15, 20, 25 years.
    0:31:30 Yeah, that’s interesting.
    0:31:36 It’s you don’t really hear other than one instance of people leaving to become a CEO of a different company.
    0:31:45 And I think part of it is people realize that NVIDIA or the Jensen way of doing things is super effective.
    0:31:47 So people want to be on the winning team.
    0:31:51 So in one sense, he drives people hard.
    0:31:52 He dresses them down.
    0:31:56 He’s very blunt and direct, but he compensates people.
    0:31:58 No one ever hardly anyone can play.
    0:31:59 It’s about compensation.
    0:32:06 If you’re effective and you do a good job, he will like double your stock compensation on the spot.
    0:32:10 So there’s this meritocracy that people really adore.
    0:32:17 And if you see an effective leadership, a culture that’s based on meritocracy,
    0:32:20 if you’re a top engineer, you stay at that company.
    0:32:21 Yeah, yeah.
    0:32:26 So you interviewed Jensen as you as you were working on the book.
    0:32:28 Was it scary to interview him?
    0:32:31 He was intimidating in the meeting.
    0:32:33 Did he yell at you?
    0:32:38 He didn’t yell at me, but a couple of times he was saying you don’t get NVIDIA in this line of questioning.
    0:32:46 And it takes a while to get used to it, but you appreciate it because you see where the other person is.
    0:32:50 Someone is blunt and direct like Jensen.
    0:32:55 You know where he is at all times and then you can work at improving yourself.
    0:32:59 So he talks about what are you optimizing for?
    0:33:05 Are you optimizing for a person’s feelings or optimizing for what’s good for the company?
    0:33:08 So that’s why he doesn’t do one-on-one meetings or career coaching.
    0:33:14 Typically, at a large company, when someone’s doing poorly, the CEO will take them aside and say,
    0:33:16 “Bob, you need to do this. You need to do that.”
    0:33:17 Like if it’s a senior person.
    0:33:23 Jensen’s like, “Why is Bob the only one that gets a learning here?”
    0:33:29 If I am blunt and direct and show Bob what he’s doing incorrectly like that person at that meeting,
    0:33:33 everyone in the room can learn.
    0:33:36 All the employees up and down the ladder can learn.
    0:33:40 So that’s his philosophy is everyone should learn from their mistakes
    0:33:42 and everyone should know where they are at all times.
    0:33:51 So, I mean, so you write in the book that NVIDIA really is like an extension of Jensen, right?
    0:33:57 I think he used the metaphor of like the Formula One car that’s like optimized for him as the driver.
    0:34:09 So, and he’s in his 60s, which is not old old, but definitely not young.
    0:34:13 Like is he going to run NVIDIA for another 20 years?
    0:34:14 What’s going to happen?
    0:34:16 Like there’s no obvious successor.
    0:34:17 Like where does that go?
    0:34:27 I think there’s no one else at NVIDIA, I think, that can run NVIDIA as effectively as Jensen.
    0:34:29 And he loves the company so much.
    0:34:30 He loves what he’s doing.
    0:34:33 They’re having an enormous impact with this AI wave.
    0:34:38 And he’s so excited about the potential for curing cancer and digital biology,
    0:34:46 the potential for robots, the potential for AI to kind of disrupt education and help kids learn better.
    0:34:49 I don’t see him leaving anytime soon.
    0:34:54 He loves his job so much and he can’t argue that he’s being ineffective.
    0:35:01 So, I don’t think for the next few years there’s anyone that’s going to take over for him.
    0:35:05 Someday, NVIDIA is going to have to come up with a new CEO or a successor to Jensen.
    0:35:08 And that’s going to be a big question mark.
    0:35:15 Is that next person going to be as effective as Jensen in terms of being able to have the technical skill
    0:35:19 and the competency to steer NVIDIA in the right direction?
    0:35:25 Will they have his business genius of coming up with all these new strategies
    0:35:27 that he does time and time again?
    0:35:29 That’s going to be a huge question mark.
    0:35:39 I mean, people also talk about limits to scaling in AI.
    0:35:45 We were talking earlier about how part of NVIDIA’s wild growth over the last couple of years
    0:35:54 has come from this fact that you can just add more GPUs, basically, and get better results,
    0:35:55 more GPUs, more data.
    0:36:05 People talk about, A, running out of data, because they’re basically, as I understand it,
    0:36:09 training on the whole internet right now, which is like, okay, it’s a lot of data.
    0:36:14 Is that, it seems like nobody knows, right?
    0:36:17 It seems like there are smart people who say, no, no, we’ll have synthetic data,
    0:36:19 blah, blah, blah, we won’t hit a sort of scaling wall.
    0:36:21 And then there are people who make the other argument.
    0:36:22 I certainly don’t know.
    0:36:23 But does that seem right?
    0:36:25 Like, is that an open question right now?
    0:36:27 And is that a meaningful question for NVIDIA?
    0:36:29 I think it’s an open question.
    0:36:35 But like I said, there’s the multimodal stuff, there’s AI agents,
    0:36:38 and then there’s proprietary data inside companies.
    0:36:44 So all these corporations have data going back decades.
    0:36:51 Companies are going to use the power of these AI computing systems to go through all their data
    0:36:57 internally, all their proprietary data, and have all that knowledge at employees’ fingertips.
    0:37:03 So an employee can ask, what’s the best way to do this?
    0:37:08 And the AI computer is going to be able to go back with 30 years of data,
    0:37:11 and figure out the best piece of insight to help that employee.
    0:37:13 And that’s not really being done today.
    0:37:19 So NVIDIA designs their chips, their GPUs, but they don’t actually manufacture them, right?
    0:37:24 Is it right that they’re made in Taiwan, where most cutting-edge chips are made now?
    0:37:30 Yes. So TSMC actually makes and manufactures NVIDIA’s chips, ever since the late 1990s.
    0:37:32 And they’re the best at doing this.
    0:37:40 A lot of the fabless chip designers in California use TSMC, and NVIDIA uses them too.
    0:37:49 And so, I mean, it is really interesting to me, to a lot of people, that Taiwan is this
    0:37:55 incredibly fraught geopolitical place, right? China says Taiwan is part of China,
    0:38:01 Taiwan says, no, we are not part of China, and that Taiwan is the only place in the world that
    0:38:06 makes the most important physical thing in the world of technology today, right?
    0:38:12 That’s wild. What do you make of that? And how does that fit with the NVIDIA story?
    0:38:18 I think, eventually, NVIDIA chips will be made in the US, TSMC. I mean, that’s
    0:38:22 all part of this CHIPS Act that the Biden administration has passed.
    0:38:29 So this plant that TSMC is building in Arizona, is that advanced enough to make
    0:38:35 like frontier NVIDIA chips? So the TSMC factories in the US
    0:38:39 are always going to be one or two generations behind the factories in Taiwan.
    0:38:46 But that doesn’t mean NVIDIA can’t use the factories in the US if they’re one or two
    0:38:51 generations behind further older chips. So I think that will eventually happen.
    0:38:57 It seems wild to me. I mean, it seems very possible that China will try and
    0:39:02 make Taiwan be part of China, right? And we have all these export controls to try and
    0:39:07 keep China from getting cutting-edge chips. It’s a really interesting complicated dynamic.
    0:39:15 I think people make a big issue out of this, but I think if it happens, NVIDIA chips are not going
    0:39:24 to be the main issue. It’ll cause a global calamity where we won’t be able to upgrade our cars,
    0:39:32 laptops, nearly every computing device, every appliance will not work if we don’t have access
    0:39:39 to Taiwan chips. I mean, presumably we could do some like sub-Manhattan project, scale Manhattan
    0:39:47 project to get a state-of-the-art TSMC factory somewhere that is not Taiwan, right? Like one
    0:39:50 would think. We’re doing some of that now, but it’s not going to be up to,
    0:39:58 it’s going to be 10, 20% of the capacity we need. Yeah, I see the capacity, right? It takes a long
    0:40:04 time. The fabs are wildly complicated to build and they cost billions of dollars and they take
    0:40:08 years. So you couldn’t just do it. They cost 10 to 20 billion dollars to build in three to four years,
    0:40:12 over three to four years. So it’s not something that can happen overnight.
    0:40:17 And if something happens, it’s just going to be so terrible. It’ll be like a depression.
    0:40:25 So hopefully it doesn’t happen. And the question isn’t going to be about Nvidia chips.
    0:40:27 The question is going to be about the global economy of the app.
    0:40:33 Why do you think it’s the biggest risk for Nvidia in the five-year timeframe?
    0:40:39 It’s really tough to say now. I mean, I see the next few years with all the different AI
    0:40:45 innovations and all the progress. But again, just like every big computing shift,
    0:40:51 what’s the next big thing? Could it be quantum computing? It can be. Like who knows 5, 10,
    0:40:58 15 years from now. And from the PCH with Microsoft and Intel, it’s called Wintel.
    0:41:04 And then it went to smartphones where Apple dominated with the iPhone. And now,
    0:41:10 Nvidia is dominating in terms of the AI computing shift. There’s going to be another shift.
    0:41:14 And right now we’re at the early stages of the AI computing
    0:41:22 movement. In five, 10 years, there might be the next big thing that I can’t even foresee right
    0:41:29 now. And is Nvidia going to be able to see that coming? If Jensen’s around, I think he will.
    0:41:36 But if Jensen’s not there, then just like every other major computer company in history,
    0:41:41 say IBM, it’s very easy to get disrupted in the technology industry.
    0:41:47 We’ll be back in a minute with the lightning round.
    0:42:01 Hey, it’s Jacob. I’m here with Rachel Botsman. Rachel lectures on trust at Oxford University.
    0:42:07 And she is the author of a new Pushkin audiobook called How to Trust and Be Trusted.
    0:42:14 Hi, Rachel. Hi, Jacob. Rachel Botsman. Tell me three things I need to know about trust.
    0:42:21 Number one, do not mistake confidence for competence. Big trust mistakes. So when people
    0:42:28 are making trust decisions, they often look for confidence versus competence. Number two,
    0:42:34 transparency doesn’t equal more trust. Big myth and misconception. And a real problem,
    0:42:40 actually, in the tech world. The reason why is because trust is a confident relationship with
    0:42:46 the unknown. So what are you doing if you make things more transparent? You’re reducing the need
    0:42:55 for trust. And number three, become a stellar expectation setter. Inconsistency with expectations
    0:43:02 really damages trust. I love it. Say the name of the book again and why everybody should listen to
    0:43:08 it. So it’s called How to Trust and Be Trusted. Intentionally, it’s a two-way title because we
    0:43:14 have to give trust and we have to earn trust. And the reason why I wrote it is because we often hear
    0:43:20 about how trust is in a state of crisis or how it’s in a state of decline. But there’s lots of
    0:43:26 things that you can do to improve trust in your own lives, to improve trust in your teams,
    0:43:31 trust in yourself to take more risks, or even making smarter trust decisions.
    0:43:36 Rachel Botsman, the new audiobook is called How to Trust and Be Trusted. Great to talk with you.
    0:43:41 It’s so good to talk with you and I really hope listeners listen to it because it can change
    0:43:49 people’s lives. I want to finish with the lightning round, which is going to be considerably more
    0:43:56 random and digressive than the conversation to this point. I want to talk about video games
    0:44:02 and your experience with video games. What was the first video game you ever loved?
    0:44:10 I think it’s the first video I’ve ever tried, which was Combat for the Atari 2600.
    0:44:17 I love that. I mean, I remember coming home and my dad buying the Atari 2600 connected to
    0:44:22 a black and white TV and being able to use that joystick to control the little tank
    0:44:28 going around the screen. That was an amazing moment. It was an incredible moment that this was
    0:44:36 possible at the home. I had an Atari 2600. I remember the joystick. I remember Demon Attack.
    0:44:43 It was a kind of second tier game, but I got really into it. What’s the game you spent the most hours on?
    0:44:51 Probably this game called Lemmings. I don’t know. It’s a puzzle strategy game
    0:44:58 where you control Lemmings and you guide them across a maze to get them to them.
    0:45:02 Lemmings, the little creatures that are famed for jumping off cliffs, which maybe they don’t
    0:45:08 actually do? Yes. If you guide them the wrong way, they’ll fall off a cliff and to their death.
    0:45:14 They make this cute sound like, “Oh, no.” I played so many hours of that game.
    0:45:20 A thousand hours? Probably hundreds of hours, I wouldn’t say a thousand.
    0:45:25 What’s your most proud video game accomplishment?
    0:45:34 I still remember playing the Legend of Zelda, the first one for the Nintendo Entertainment System,
    0:45:37 and beating that game and just pumping my fists in the air.
    0:45:46 I was very young then. What is the most exciting video game innovation
    0:45:48 that’s going to happen in the next few years?
    0:45:57 This is a little technical, but I think DLSS from the video is going to get even more powerful,
    0:46:02 which is this upscaling technology that Jensen actually invented in a meeting
    0:46:11 where they fill in the details using AI. The frame rates are able to go much faster and better.
    0:46:17 So, it’s basically like interpolation. It’s sort of doing what AI always does for graphics.
    0:46:20 It’s really effective. People can’t tell the difference between the real thing and the
    0:46:28 interpolated AI graphics. As this technology gets better, that will allow the graphics to be
    0:46:34 more photorealistic and the physics and the ray tracing better than ever before.
    0:46:39 What game are you most excited to play in 2025?
    0:46:44 I mean, Grand Theft Auto VI, if it comes out, but it might get delayed next year.
    0:46:50 Okay, let’s do a few non-video game questions. What’s your favorite
    0:46:59 tech book besides the one you wrote? I guess it’s still a tech book, The Innovator’s Dilemma,
    0:47:05 which is actually one of Jensen’s favorite books. It talks about how companies get disrupted by
    0:47:12 startups and people underneath them. It really goes into depth about how the disk drive industry,
    0:47:16 every successive generation that disk drives, there was a new market leader,
    0:47:22 because they couldn’t disrupt themselves to the new or smaller format.
    0:47:27 I mean, to me, the really interesting insight of that book is the innovator
    0:47:34 is actually making a crappier product. That’s the surprise. It’s not exactly like they come
    0:47:39 along and do something better. They go to the crappy end of the market and they make a cheap
    0:47:45 product. It’s not better than the thing the market leader is making. The market leader is like,
    0:47:53 “Oh, that, who cares about that? That’s just some low margin thing.” The innovator comes up from
    0:48:00 below. That to me is the really key insight of that book. They scale the volumes. Once you have
    0:48:04 the volume, it pretty much becomes game over for the incumbent, because they can’t match
    0:48:08 that scale and the economies of scale that comes with that.
    0:48:15 Defend pineapple on pizza. It just tastes good. I love it.
    0:48:20 I don’t know if you saw my tweets on it. I actually like pineapple on pizza.
    0:48:23 Yes. I think it was Instagram. I think it was Instagram.
    0:48:28 What’s the best deal you ever got at Costco?
    0:48:32 It’s still the hot dog. I mean, you can’t beat the dollar fish.
    0:48:47 Take Him is the author of The NVIDIA Way. Today’s show was produced by Gabriel Hunter Chang.
    0:48:55 It was edited by Lydia Jean Cotte and engineered by Sarah Brugger. You can email us at problem@pushkin.fm.
    0:49:02 I’m Jacob Goldstein and we’ll be back next week with another episode of What’s Your Problem?
    0:49:05 What’s Your Problem?
    0:49:14 Hey, it’s Jacob. I’m here with Rachel Botsman. Rachel lectures on trust at Oxford University
    0:49:20 and she is the author of a new Pushkin audiobook called How to Trust and Be Trusted.
    0:49:22 Hi, Rachel.
    0:49:23 Hi, Jacob.
    0:49:27 Rachel Botsman, tell me three things I need to know about trust.
    0:49:34 Number one, do not mistake confidence for competence. Big trust mistakes. So when people
    0:49:40 are making trust decisions, they often look for confidence versus competence.
    0:49:46 Number two, transparency doesn’t equal more trust. Big myth and misconception.
    0:49:52 And a real problem actually in the tech world. The reason why is because trust is a confident
    0:49:57 relationship with the unknown. So what are you doing if you make things more transparent?
    0:50:05 You’re reducing the need for trust. And number three, become a stellar expectation
    0:50:11 setter. Inconsistency with expectations really damages trust.
    0:50:16 I love it. Say the name of the book again and why everybody should listen to it.
    0:50:21 So it’s called How to Trust and Be Trusted. Intentionally, it’s a two-way title because
    0:50:27 we have to give trust and we have to earn trust. And the reason why I wrote it is because we often
    0:50:33 hear about how trust is in a state of crisis or how it’s in a state of decline. But there’s lots
    0:50:39 of things that you can do to improve trust in your own lives, to improve trust in your teams,
    0:50:44 trusting yourself to take more risks, or even making smarter trust decisions.
    0:50:49 Rachel Botsman, the new audiobook is called How to Trust and Be Trusted. Great to talk with you.
    0:50:54 It’s so good to talk with you. And I really hope listeners listen to it because it can change
    0:50:55 people’s lives.

    In the past few years,  NVIDIA has become one of the most valuable and important companies in the world by making GPUs, the chips powering the AI boom. But where did the company come from, and why are NVIDIA chips the ones that dominate AI?

    Tae Kim is the author of a new book called The Nvidia Way. In his book, he tells the story of how NVIDIA’s founder and CEO, Jensen Huang, set NVIDIA on the path to becoming what it is today.

    See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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  • RIP to RPA: How AI Makes Operations Work

    AI transcript
    0:00:02 People use the term AI and they’re like,
    0:00:03 “Oh, everything’s going to change something.”
    0:00:05 What does that mean?
    0:00:07 Nobody wants to do data entry.
    0:00:10 Nobody wants to sit in the back and read 100 facts
    0:00:13 and try to input that into a system.
    0:00:15 This is one of the most exciting times
    0:00:18 to actually be going after some of these legacy markets.
    0:00:20 There’s just so much untapped opportunity
    0:00:22 that technology just wasn’t able to penetrate before.
    0:00:24 Then now, with intelligent AI agents,
    0:00:28 with voice agents, et cetera, you can now tackle.
    0:00:31 The internet has given us so much,
    0:00:34 whether it’s instant access to the world’s information,
    0:00:36 platforms for new art and expression,
    0:00:39 nearly every feature film or song in your pocket,
    0:00:42 or the ability to work from just about anywhere
    0:00:44 with a Wi-Fi connection.
    0:00:46 The list, of course, goes on,
    0:00:48 but there are still some promises
    0:00:51 that haven’t quite hit their mark yet.
    0:00:54 One example, robotic process automation,
    0:00:55 otherwise known as RPA,
    0:00:58 has been a buzzword for years.
    0:01:00 A buzzword that promised a revolution
    0:01:03 in automating repetitive tasks.
    0:01:06 Companies like UiPath found it in 2005,
    0:01:08 even promised to enable the, quote,
    0:01:10 “fully automated enterprise.”
    0:01:12 And while RPA did start strong,
    0:01:16 its limitations became evident due to its rigid systems,
    0:01:18 sometimes even hard-coding specific processes
    0:01:19 down to the button click,
    0:01:23 meeting with the unpredictability of most workflows.
    0:01:27 Of course, UiPath, with a market cap of $7 billion
    0:01:28 as of this recording,
    0:01:31 and the RPA industry at large are no failure,
    0:01:34 but they are poised for a facelift.
    0:01:36 Enter intelligent automation,
    0:01:38 a new paradigm powered by AI
    0:01:41 that can handle messy, unstructured workflows
    0:01:44 that exist in just about every organization,
    0:01:45 precisely the types of tasks
    0:01:48 that RPA previously could not handle.
    0:01:50 So in today’s episode,
    0:01:52 we discuss RPA’s second leg,
    0:01:55 together with A16Z partner, Kimberly Tan.
    0:01:58 Based on her viral article, “RIP to RPA,”
    0:02:00 the rise of intelligent automation,
    0:02:03 which, of course, will link in the show notes.
    0:02:06 So what specifically about AI makes this possible today?
    0:02:08 How should startups be thinking about this opportunity?
    0:02:13 And why is this opportunity so much larger than the last era?
    0:02:14 But before we begin,
    0:02:17 I want you to think about the most annoying
    0:02:19 and repetitive thing that you need to do.
    0:02:22 Now, imagine that task automated.
    0:02:25 That future may not actually be so far away.
    0:02:28 So listen in to see how you can get involved.
    0:02:31 As a reminder,
    0:02:33 the content here is for informational purposes only.
    0:02:37 Should not be taken as legal, business, tax, or investment advice,
    0:02:39 or be used to evaluate any investment or security,
    0:02:42 and is not directed at any investors or potential investors
    0:02:43 in any A16Z fund.
    0:02:46 Please note that A16Z and its affiliates
    0:02:47 may also maintain investments
    0:02:49 in the companies discussed in this podcast.
    0:02:52 For more details, including a link to our investments,
    0:02:55 please see a16z.com/disclosures.
    0:03:03 Can really you wrote an article with a pretty fun title,
    0:03:05 RIP to RPA?
    0:03:06 So let’s jump into that.
    0:03:09 But first, what is RPA?
    0:03:12 RPA stands for Robotic Process Automation.
    0:03:16 And it’s a way of basically automating very manual tasks
    0:03:17 within an organization.
    0:03:21 So things like data entry or invoice processing
    0:03:24 that basically every business has to do,
    0:03:25 but it’s nobody’s core competency.
    0:03:29 Just one of the dirty, messy, internal things within an organization.
    0:03:31 So historically, it’s been done very manually.
    0:03:33 Like you would just hire a data analyst
    0:03:36 or you would hire a back office operations person.
    0:03:39 And there was this, I would say, innovation in the last 20 years
    0:03:40 where people were like,
    0:03:42 “Is it possible to automate these tasks?”
    0:03:44 And so the historical way people have done it
    0:03:46 is through Robotic Process Automation
    0:03:50 where you basically build like a little software bot
    0:03:53 that mimics the actual clicks that somebody would be doing.
    0:03:54 It’s very deterministic,
    0:03:57 meaning they’re literally clicking the different boxes
    0:03:59 that I would be clicking as a human.
    0:04:01 But organizations are messy
    0:04:04 and the work we actually have to do is not perfectly delineated
    0:04:06 by a very specific process.
    0:04:08 So oftentimes, if something veers a little bit off course,
    0:04:10 like maybe someone misspelled a name
    0:04:12 or maybe a website changed
    0:04:15 where the sign-in box physically is on a page,
    0:04:18 then historically that would break the RPA process.
    0:04:19 And as you can imagine,
    0:04:22 there’s an infinite number of small little things
    0:04:23 that could happen like that.
    0:04:27 So RPA is often very good for doing 80% of the task,
    0:04:29 but then like 20% of the time that it fails,
    0:04:31 it’s still a manual person who has to come in.
    0:04:35 So it’s just not reliable enough to actually do the full task.
    0:04:38 And so you’re still left with having the back office people
    0:04:41 that were the first generation doing these sorts of tasks there.
    0:04:43 So I just think like with AI and LLMs now
    0:04:46 because they’re able to process such unstructured data
    0:04:49 and they’re able to intelligently collect context
    0:04:51 and then figure out what the best course of action is.
    0:04:53 The next generation of actually automating these back office tasks
    0:04:56 should be like intelligent AI agents instead.
    0:04:59 What can intelligent automation or what you refer to
    0:05:01 as these LLMs in action?
    0:05:03 What can they do that RPA couldn’t?
    0:05:06 Let’s use the example of a company
    0:05:08 that we were actually invested in called Tenor.
    0:05:12 Tenor does referral management for healthcare practices.
    0:05:14 So if I’m a primary physician
    0:05:18 and I need to refer a patient to a specialist,
    0:05:20 historically, the way that that would be done
    0:05:23 is I would literally write something out on a piece of paper.
    0:05:26 I would fax it to the specialist.
    0:05:29 The specialist front desk person would take the fax,
    0:05:31 look at it, look at all the information on it
    0:05:33 and then input it into my own database,
    0:05:35 check, you know, like the insurance policies,
    0:05:36 check prior history, et cetera,
    0:05:38 and then decide whether to accept the patient or not.
    0:05:40 And that was a very manual task
    0:05:43 that there’s just a little bit too much complexity
    0:05:46 in the way that it’s done for RPA to be able to handle.
    0:05:48 So it had to be some sort of administrative person,
    0:05:50 like human who was gonna do it.
    0:05:53 And with now like intelligent automation,
    0:05:55 Tenor has come up with a very sleek solution
    0:05:57 that is basically able to automate that whole process.
    0:05:59 And it’s much more self-serve.
    0:06:02 ‘Cause the way that RPA would historically work is
    0:06:04 you would have to hire an implementation consultant
    0:06:08 and they would sit next to whoever was doing the task
    0:06:09 and they would basically just watch
    0:06:11 what are the clicks that you are doing.
    0:06:14 – Right. – And then program those clicks.
    0:06:16 But someone like a Tenor, for example,
    0:06:17 you’re not gonna have somebody sitting there
    0:06:20 watching what the front office admin is doing.
    0:06:23 Rather, they’ve created a really sleek UI
    0:06:26 where it looks very much like a drag and drop
    0:06:28 different process flows.
    0:06:30 And they’re able to create their own automation process,
    0:06:32 which to them feels very intuitive
    0:06:34 so they can set it up themselves,
    0:06:35 but actually has a ton of complexity
    0:06:37 under the hood that’s being handled.
    0:06:38 – I mean, one natural question that comes up,
    0:06:39 I think for many people,
    0:06:42 especially as they think about things like hallucinations,
    0:06:44 is where is the technology in this arc?
    0:06:47 Are we able to really achieve this idea
    0:06:48 of intelligent automation today?
    0:06:49 Are there barriers?
    0:06:51 Like where do we sit in that trajectory?
    0:06:52 – The way that we’ve seen it work best
    0:06:55 is when there’s one very specific automation flow,
    0:06:58 at least to start, that a company can just nail,
    0:07:01 meaning it’s often industry specific.
    0:07:04 So you can integrate into all the core systems there.
    0:07:07 You can understand the context for that industry.
    0:07:11 And it’s one very repeated, but very manual flow.
    0:07:14 So for example, like data entry, I get on a phone call,
    0:07:17 I hear the update on where an order is,
    0:07:18 all the information from that order
    0:07:21 can be parsed through that call
    0:07:22 and input it into my main system.
    0:07:25 That probably happens like thousands of times a day
    0:07:29 for the large organizations, all manually done.
    0:07:31 And that is one very specific flow.
    0:07:31 And that’s just to start.
    0:07:32 And then once you get there,
    0:07:34 you can build deeper into other flows,
    0:07:37 but I think that is a much more successful path
    0:07:39 where you can actually understand the constraints
    0:07:39 and build around them,
    0:07:42 make sure that the agent performs correctly
    0:07:44 versus tackling, let’s say, like everything within healthcare,
    0:07:47 everything within legal and logistics to start.
    0:07:48 – Normally I ask the question, why now?
    0:07:51 But I feel like listeners know that AI is coming,
    0:07:55 it’s here, LLMs are maybe the term that a lot of people use.
    0:07:57 But is there a deeper why now
    0:08:00 or specific technological advances
    0:08:02 within the sphere of LLMs that you can point to
    0:08:05 that actually make this possible?
    0:08:06 – Yeah, I think one thing that we’re really excited about
    0:08:08 is people use the term AI and they’re like,
    0:08:10 oh, everything’s gonna change now because of AI.
    0:08:11 But like, what does that mean?
    0:08:14 There’s a lot of very distinct technological breakthroughs
    0:08:16 that make different applications possible.
    0:08:18 And specific to intelligent automation,
    0:08:21 I think one of the things that makes it much more possible
    0:08:23 than before is a lot of the fundamental research
    0:08:25 coming out of the large labs.
    0:08:26 So for example, recently,
    0:08:29 Anthropic announced computer use,
    0:08:31 which is basically a browser agent
    0:08:33 that is able to intelligently understand
    0:08:37 what is happening on the browser level of any sort of desktop
    0:08:39 and be able to take actions accordingly.
    0:08:41 So we talked about how historically,
    0:08:45 RPA basically understood at a pixel level,
    0:08:47 hey, I should click this thing and then I should click that.
    0:08:49 But with something like computer use,
    0:08:51 or I think OpenAI has something called operator
    0:08:53 that they’re gonna release soon,
    0:08:55 agents are gonna be able to browse the internet
    0:08:58 and browse the web in a much more sophisticated way,
    0:09:00 which is gonna open up a lot of possibilities
    0:09:02 for what intelligent agents can do before.
    0:09:05 So we think a lot of these intelligent automation startups,
    0:09:07 they’re not gonna be doing fundamental research on their own.
    0:09:09 There’s still tech that needs to be done
    0:09:12 to make a browser agent fully work at scale.
    0:09:13 But what’s really exciting for us
    0:09:15 is that the large labs are clearly working on this
    0:09:17 and clearly understand the opportunity.
    0:09:19 And so as that tech gets better,
    0:09:21 we think there’s gonna be a whole world of startups
    0:09:23 who are able to leverage it
    0:09:25 for all the different industries out there
    0:09:28 that the large labs themselves are not gonna tackle.
    0:09:30 And as you think about the opportunity,
    0:09:31 you framed it in your article
    0:09:34 as two different paths that people might take.
    0:09:36 So one of them was the horizontal AI enabler
    0:09:39 and the other was a vertical automation solution.
    0:09:41 So tell us about that, the two different paths
    0:09:43 that you see if people want to build in this space.
    0:09:45 So the first is the horizontal AI enabler
    0:09:47 and that’s something that we think
    0:09:50 any company who’s doing any sort of automation,
    0:09:52 intelligent automation, is going to have to do.
    0:09:53 One very common example,
    0:09:55 which I’ve touched upon a little bit already,
    0:09:56 is data extraction.
    0:10:00 Almost every intelligent automation path
    0:10:03 starts with some messy unstructured data
    0:10:06 that you need to pull key outputs from.
    0:10:09 And today, a lot of people are just building that manually.
    0:10:11 But we’ve started to see companies emerge
    0:10:13 that are purely doing that path,
    0:10:15 which is taking unstructured data
    0:10:16 and pulling out the key pieces
    0:10:18 to turn it into structured data.
    0:10:21 And we think that could be one really interesting opportunity.
    0:10:23 So anyone who is either building
    0:10:26 their own automation in-house can leverage that
    0:10:27 as a key component.
    0:10:29 Or if you’re building like a full end-to-end solution,
    0:10:32 maybe you input that as one of your components as well.
    0:10:33 One thing that I’m personally really excited about
    0:10:35 is the vertical automation path.
    0:10:39 I think to make an intelligent AI agent very successful,
    0:10:41 it often is helpful in the beginning
    0:10:44 to have it be in a very constrained domain.
    0:10:46 For example, in logistics or in healthcare and legal,
    0:10:49 it is a domain that they can understand all the context for.
    0:10:52 They have all the necessary inputs, integrations, etc.
    0:10:54 And they’re able to automate one specific flow.
    0:10:56 So what we’re really excited about there is,
    0:10:59 let’s take an industry that does have a lot of manual work
    0:11:03 that needs to be done, like a very large back office.
    0:11:04 If you think about what are the things there
    0:11:07 that actually have to be automated
    0:11:10 that maybe RPA wasn’t able to tackle before
    0:11:14 because it just wasn’t like a large enough individual customer.
    0:11:16 Like it wasn’t one of the Fortune 500 customers.
    0:11:16 That’s one thing.
    0:11:19 It’s like what sort of industries fit that criteria.
    0:11:22 And then thinking about what is an actual automatable flow
    0:11:23 to start with.
    0:11:25 And ones that get us really excited
    0:11:27 are flows that are actually revenue generating
    0:11:30 where the customer that you would sell to
    0:11:32 was previously constrained on the amount of business
    0:11:34 that they could handle because of this flow.
    0:11:38 So that could be taking customer orders by voice
    0:11:41 that was maybe not possible before that now you could do
    0:11:43 or it could be like a referral management,
    0:11:44 like I said before,
    0:11:47 where you just couldn’t process that amount of data quickly enough.
    0:11:49 But now you can.
    0:11:51 I mean, when you think about the market size as well,
    0:11:53 you were just talking about how effectively you’re targeting
    0:11:55 what was previously done by labor.
    0:11:58 What does that say about the opportunity and the scale of it?
    0:11:59 It’s just so much larger.
    0:12:01 There’s so many markets.
    0:12:04 You look at the market from just like Bureau of Labor Statistics data
    0:12:06 and you’re like, this is an enormous market.
    0:12:08 And then you look at who the software incumbents are
    0:12:12 and you’re like, they just don’t match up to the size of the opportunity.
    0:12:14 And that was historically because as I said before,
    0:12:16 software could not handle it.
    0:12:18 Like the long tail of edge cases
    0:12:20 of what these companies were actually doing.
    0:12:22 Or they just didn’t have large software budgets.
    0:12:26 But all these companies have large labor budgets
    0:12:27 and they do have a lot of opportunity
    0:12:32 that obviously they do want to wrangle and technology can empower.
    0:12:33 And we think with intelligent automation,
    0:12:36 this is one of the most exciting times to actually be going after
    0:12:37 some of these legacy markets,
    0:12:40 seeing whether or not you can actually serve them through AI agents
    0:12:43 in a way that maybe traditional work for software couldn’t.
    0:12:46 So I think it’s actually like a false comparison
    0:12:49 to look at the historical software incumbents and say,
    0:12:52 oh, this is the cap on what a company could become.
    0:12:54 I think there’s just so much untapped opportunity
    0:12:57 that technology just wasn’t able to penetrate before.
    0:13:01 Then now with intelligent AI agents, with voice agents, etc.,
    0:13:02 you can now tackle.
    0:13:04 Yeah, I think you’re absolutely right that we were,
    0:13:05 there was all this untapped potential
    0:13:07 because the technology only went so far.
    0:13:09 But now that we’re here,
    0:13:11 how do you see the next five, 10 years evolving?
    0:13:14 Because there is a shift that people have to do intellectually as well
    0:13:17 as they’re thinking about their software budget to labor budget.
    0:13:20 And they almost have to regear their brain to say,
    0:13:23 oh, we actually can do this automation, which we previously couldn’t.
    0:13:25 So how do you see that trajectory?
    0:13:26 I definitely think it’s going to be an evolution.
    0:13:30 And I think it’ll depend on the technology spectrum,
    0:13:35 like how technology savvy or at the forefront that industry is.
    0:13:37 But for a lot of these older industries that we’re talking about,
    0:13:39 like the larger ones that are a little bit more on-prem,
    0:13:42 a little bit more based in the physical world,
    0:13:43 I think it will take time,
    0:13:48 which is why I think doing the vertical end-to-end automation solution
    0:13:51 is so exciting because you can actually build something
    0:13:54 that is very tailored for their specific workflow
    0:13:56 where it’s almost a no-brainer to use it.
    0:13:58 Like, nobody wants to do data entry.
    0:14:02 Nobody wants to sit in the back and read a hundred faxes
    0:14:04 and try to input that into a system.
    0:14:06 And that’s no company’s core competency either.
    0:14:11 So if you’re able to build an intelligent AI agent specifically for that industry
    0:14:15 that is tailored to exactly how they do their business,
    0:14:16 it’s almost a no-brainer to do it.
    0:14:19 And then the folks who were doing that before
    0:14:21 can now focus on much higher value,
    0:14:24 either customer-facing tasks or much more complex tasks.
    0:14:27 And then over time, let’s say in the next five to 10 years,
    0:14:30 the technology wave will continue to get adopted by more and more companies,
    0:14:33 people that will become more knowledgeable
    0:14:35 about what these agents can and cannot do,
    0:14:37 more comfortable with the technology.
    0:14:40 And then because you’ve integrated yourself with that customer base
    0:14:41 with their core systems,
    0:14:45 you’ll have the opportunity to take on more and more human labor
    0:14:49 or core tasks that their traditional systems record could do.
    0:14:51 So it’s a really exciting time, I think, to wedge in now
    0:14:56 because there’s a clear opportunity to build something that is ROI-generating
    0:14:59 and just an obvious boost to the company’s top line.
    0:15:01 But you’ll still get in early enough
    0:15:03 that you will have the right to win in the future
    0:15:05 as these companies get more and more mature on the adoption curve.
    0:15:06 Totally.
    0:15:10 And so, obviously, we’re early in this arc, as you mentioned,
    0:15:13 but there’s a lot of interesting, exciting things to come.
    0:15:15 What would you like to see builders focus on?
    0:15:17 What kind of builders would you like to hear from as well?
    0:15:21 I would be really excited about people who are thinking about
    0:15:23 what was not possible before.
    0:15:25 We’ve talked a lot about what RPA does today
    0:15:28 and the types of customers it’s able to target today.
    0:15:30 When you think about the world of work
    0:15:32 that could be intelligently automated away
    0:15:37 and the amount of time and savings both employees and companies can get,
    0:15:41 it’s just like an order of magnitude larger than what is currently possible.
    0:15:43 And so, I’d be really excited about people who are thinking
    0:15:46 about the bucket of types of tasks that were automatable
    0:15:49 that RPA historically could not handle
    0:15:53 and types of industries that it currently was not able to tackle
    0:15:57 and really thinking about what are those first flows
    0:16:00 or first automations within those industries that are possible
    0:16:04 and really thinking about what are the clean UI or UX paradigms
    0:16:07 that you could bring to bear for their solutions.
    0:16:09 I love that. I love hearing that.
    0:16:12 You’re not just interested in hearing from builders in finance or healthcare
    0:16:14 but some of these really niche markets.
    0:16:15 I think that’s a paradigm shift.
    0:16:18 Yeah, and let’s say 10 years from now,
    0:16:20 no one has to do manual data entry again
    0:16:23 or no one has to get yelled at on the other side of the line
    0:16:25 for an angry person in customer service.
    0:16:27 I think that’ll be a win for everybody.
    0:16:30 And then all these folks can then focus on much more creative, productive tasks
    0:16:32 that probably make them happier too.
    0:16:33 It finally sends out the facts machine.
    0:16:34 Yeah.
    0:16:39 All right, that is all for today.
    0:16:41 If you did make it this far, first of all, thank you.
    0:16:43 We put a lot of thought into each of these episodes,
    0:16:45 whether it’s guests, the calendar tetris,
    0:16:47 the cycles with our amazing editor Tommy
    0:16:49 until the music is just right.
    0:16:51 So if you’d like what we put together,
    0:16:56 consider dropping us a line at ratethespodcast.com/a16z
    0:16:58 and let us know what your favorite episode is.
    0:17:01 It’ll make my day and I’m sure Tommy’s too.
    0:17:02 We’ll catch you on the flip side.
    0:17:05 (upbeat music)
    0:17:13 [BLANK_AUDIO]

    Intelligent automation is transforming industries by tackling messy, unstructured workflows that traditional Robotic Process Automation (RPA) couldn’t handle. In this episode, a16z partner Kimberly Tan discusses the shift from rigid RPA systems to AI-powered agents and why this evolution unlocks massive opportunities in legacy markets.

    Drawing on her article “RIP to RPA: The Rise of Intelligent Automation,” Kimberly shares real-world examples of companies revolutionizing referral management, and highlights how startups can build impactful solutions in this space.

    Resources:

    Find Kimberly on X: https://x.com/kimberlywtan

    Read Kimberly’s article: https://a16z.com/rip-to-rpa-the-rise-of-intelligent-automation/

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  • YAPCreator: Unlock Your Potential and Thrive as a Content Creator | Presented by OpusClip

    AI transcript
    0:00:03 Today’s episode is sponsored in part by Airbnb, OpenPhone,
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    0:01:07
    0:01:09 Hello, young and Profiters.
    0:01:12 Welcome to episode four of the YAP Creator series
    0:01:13 presented by OpusClip.
    0:01:16 In this series, we’re diving deep into the art and
    0:01:18 science of content creation.
    0:01:22 How to create, connect, and thrive as a modern day creator.
    0:01:24 These days, the opportunities to express yourself and
    0:01:27 connect with others through online content seems truly
    0:01:31 limitless, but it can also be incredibly overwhelming.
    0:01:32 Where do you begin?
    0:01:35 How do you identify the unique skills and insights that
    0:01:38 will set you apart from the crowd and resonate with others?
    0:01:42 Today, with an assist from some all-time great YAP guests
    0:01:44 like Gary Vaynerchuk, Jenna Kutcher, Kelly Roach,
    0:01:47 and James Altucher, I’m going to help you get started.
    0:01:49 Amongst other things, we’ll cover the importance of
    0:01:52 experimentation in your creative process.
    0:01:56 Content creation is not just about finding a formula that works.
    0:01:59 It’s about exploring new ideas, learning from your experiences,
    0:02:01 and evolving along the way.
    0:02:03 All right, let’s dive in.
    0:02:06
    0:02:09 Content creation is truly at the heart of being an
    0:02:10 entrepreneur today.
    0:02:13 You may not have ever imagined yourself as a content creator,
    0:02:16 but to succeed in today’s online marketplace, you need to be
    0:02:19 willing and able to market yourself and your business.
    0:02:23 Compelling content is a powerful tool to demonstrate value,
    0:02:26 connect with target audiences, and differentiate yourself
    0:02:27 from competitors.
    0:02:29 And it’s no longer an option, quite frankly.
    0:02:30 It’s a must-have.
    0:02:33 Here’s Sean Cannell, who built his massive YouTube channel
    0:02:36 from scratch, explaining why it’s so important to be in the
    0:02:39 content game and why getting started is easier than you
    0:02:40 might expect.
    0:02:43
    0:02:47 Why is Gary Vaynerchuk and Grant Cardone and Laila Hermosi
    0:02:50 and Noah Kagan and Alex Hermosi investing so heavily in content?
    0:02:54 Why, when they have other businesses and other things to do,
    0:02:56 I think it’s because they understand that personal brand is
    0:02:59 the most valuable asset you can possibly have.
    0:03:04 Kevin O’Leary, you know, the Sharks, all of these different
    0:03:10 personal brand, and by building out in content the wave of the
    0:03:14 creator economy itself, you tapping into being a creator,
    0:03:17 publishing content, basically the next three years are going to
    0:03:19 be the best three years in the creator economy.
    0:03:22 And MrBeast himself, the biggest independent YouTuber,
    0:03:25 also mentioned that YouTube’s algorithm is one of the most
    0:03:28 generous algorithms as we speak.
    0:03:31 That new creators are being suggested on people’s homepages
    0:03:33 and getting a shot and people’s suggested feeds.
    0:03:38 That if you start a brand new channel right now and you make
    0:03:41 the right video around the right topics with the right content,
    0:03:45 you can grow from scratch right now in 2024.
    0:03:49 So I think that when you think all the platform has aged out or
    0:03:52 whatever, or it’s just already saturated, saturation is actually
    0:03:56 impossible by the dictionary definition if it’s still increasing.
    0:03:59 If the total addressable market’s increasing, if consumption of
    0:04:02 content is increasing, which it is, if more users are appearing
    0:04:05 there, which they are, and if these users are more individual
    0:04:08 and unique, speaking to you finding your niche and your
    0:04:11 1,000 true fans, it’s not saturated.
    0:04:12 It’s not too late.
    0:04:15 And the next three years are actually going to be double of
    0:04:17 what’s happened in the last 17.
    0:04:21 So we’re actually in a crazy strategic time for YouTube.
    0:04:25 And so I think that’s actually data-backed good news for business
    0:04:28 owners listening to this right now for really tapping into the
    0:04:30 power and the wave that’s happening.
    0:04:34 >> My God, you’re getting me so excited because I feel it too.
    0:04:38 I feel like YouTube is just not primed for disruption, but
    0:04:42 it doesn’t seem as competitive as I once thought it was.
    0:04:46 I just see this opportunity where I can kind of stand out, have in-person
    0:04:49 interviews, just understand the platform a little bit better.
    0:04:52 So it’s really good news that you’re saying that we can all still grow on
    0:04:57 YouTube, and I know for myself, when I started podcasting six years ago,
    0:04:58 everyone told me that it’s too late.
    0:05:02 Look at me now, I’m top of the charts podcast princess.
    0:05:05 So it’s never too late to start on your dreams.
    0:05:09 >> So somebody is looking to start a YouTube channel.
    0:05:13 And they’re an entrepreneur, which is most of my listeners.
    0:05:16 And they’ve got to ask themselves some key questions,
    0:05:18 even before they start creating videos.
    0:05:21 What are the key questions and considerations people should think
    0:05:25 through before they actually start a YouTube channel for their business?
    0:05:29 >> Yeah, I think number one is, why do you want to start a YouTube channel?
    0:05:37 And that answer to that might not be super obvious.
    0:05:41 It’s a general good problem or a good question to ask is, what are we solving for?
    0:05:42 We’re solving for X.
    0:05:44 Do we need more revenue?
    0:05:47 Are we using it as lead gen?
    0:05:52 Are we using it, and we could get into some granular questions.
    0:05:56 What is the potential of YouTube for my particular business?
    0:05:57 Is there a good alignment there?
    0:06:02 And then also how much time do I have to invest and what am I trying to achieve?
    0:06:06 Another interesting question is to say, do you have any desire to create content
    0:06:13 that you’re in yourself or how committed do you think you could be to creating
    0:06:14 content?
    0:06:15 Because sometimes we get ahead of ourselves.
    0:06:20 I think we’ve seen brands, this is an interesting opportunity,
    0:06:22 where you could hire talent.
    0:06:29 What happens, Moment Lenses did it to this day, Kensington Memory.
    0:06:34 Has Tersha Hershberger, who’s a solo influencer that also is like talent hired
    0:06:35 for the channel.
    0:06:39 So at the early stage, do you want to build your personal brand?
    0:06:42 Do you want to have your own show?
    0:06:44 Are you interested in creating content?
    0:06:48 Who are five to ten YouTube channels that you maybe watch and
    0:06:51 inspire you and would you like to have a YouTube channel like theirs?
    0:06:54 If you haven’t spent some time on YouTube,
    0:06:55 I would encourage that to be a first step.
    0:07:00 Do some reconnaissance and research to see what else is out there in your niche.
    0:07:06 Because if you would say, and then yeah, do you want to build your business,
    0:07:10 leads and clients, or do you want to build your next business,
    0:07:14 aka maybe your personal brand because what you’ve already accomplished and
    0:07:19 built, you’re thinking about speaking, writing, getting your name out there,
    0:07:23 creating, getting your intellectual property, your frameworks, your processes,
    0:07:27 your teachings captured so you can make an impact and a difference in people’s
    0:07:30 lives as well as get booked to speak and invited places.
    0:07:35 And I’m, I could get granular on case studies and use cases for
    0:07:39 how you could use YouTube for all kinds of different niches of a friend of mine
    0:07:43 just acquired a like real estate education business.
    0:07:47 And then he bought a YouTube channel, which was owned by like a,
    0:07:51 an exam YouTube channel, 35,000 subscribers.
    0:07:56 So he can start putting like these real estate exams and lead Jen over to his
    0:07:59 real estate education business.
    0:08:00 He won’t be in videos.
    0:08:02 He can outsource these that could be AI, they could be voice.
    0:08:08 So, so I would say that YouTube is an asset no matter what we’re talking about.
    0:08:11 And there’s a way to do it, whether you’re on camera, whether it’s faceless,
    0:08:12 whether it’s another talent.
    0:08:17 But these self-awareness questions are some really good foundational questions.
    0:08:22 And usually the people who like come to our event and watch our stuff.
    0:08:25 A lot of times say, okay, I want to create content.
    0:08:27 I want to create a video podcast.
    0:08:29 I want to be a talking head on video.
    0:08:31 I maybe want to teach or do cooking.
    0:08:36 We get into the creator side DIY or cooking or we have auto repair shops,
    0:08:38 all kinds of business owners too that use it.
    0:08:43 But where a lot of times clicks best is even thinking through,
    0:08:45 do you see yourself as a personality and do you want to put yourself out there?
    0:08:53 So like the auto repair and modification shop.
    0:08:58 The owner has got a big YouTube channel, part of our podcast community.
    0:09:01 But like, he’s discovered that he loves it.
    0:09:04 Now, listening to this, you’re not going to know if you could discover that yet.
    0:09:07 And I would encourage you why, you probably don’t love it yet.
    0:09:10 And you probably are intimidated a little and you’re probably a little bit
    0:09:13 nervous to get on camera, but I would challenge you.
    0:09:15 One of the best experiments you could ever do is start before you’re ready,
    0:09:18 start messy, make 50 to 100 videos.
    0:09:21 That might sound like a lot, but the reason, because it’s going to transform you.
    0:09:23 I promise you, it will improve your life.
    0:09:25 It’ll just make you a better communicator.
    0:09:26 It’ll help you grow.
    0:09:30 But what you might uncover is you might uncover like, I love this and
    0:09:32 I’m actually good at this.
    0:09:34 And it would be the wrong signal to think that day one,
    0:09:36 oh, I’m not good on this, this must not be for that.
    0:09:38 No, we’re all terrible day one.
    0:09:40 So sometimes it’s like an uncovering and
    0:09:44 appealing away the layers of the onion, if you will, to kind of discover that.
    0:09:47 [SOUND]
    0:09:51 Like Sean said, we’re all terrible on day one.
    0:09:55 You have to let go of the idea that you’re going to be perfect or even good.
    0:09:58 Jenna Kutcher, one of the most successful podcasters in the world,
    0:10:03 was once a wedding photographer who had no idea how to present herself or
    0:10:04 her brand on social media.
    0:10:09 So she started experimenting and she quickly learned that sometimes what
    0:10:12 connects with other people is not at all what you expected.
    0:10:15 [SOUND]
    0:10:19 It all grew super organically until it didn’t.
    0:10:24 So when I was a wedding photographer, I realized really quickly that there were
    0:10:28 a million wedding photographers in my area that were really talented.
    0:10:31 And the only thing that made me different was me.
    0:10:34 Because we were all delivering a very similar finished product.
    0:10:38 And so even in the early days, and I mean this is like,
    0:10:42 oh gee, Instagram, we’re talking here, like when we used to use those weird
    0:10:46 Valencia filters, I would just share my life.
    0:10:49 And I would just share who I was and what I was struggling with.
    0:10:54 I would share working from home with no makeup on, this is the reality of it.
    0:10:57 And it was so interesting because when I first became a wedding photographer,
    0:10:59 I just hid behind my work.
    0:11:00 It was like this safe spot.
    0:11:03 I figured surely everyone only wants to see my work.
    0:11:05 And I remember years and years and years ago,
    0:11:08 pulling my audience of like, what are your favorite posts?
    0:11:10 And it was all personal.
    0:11:11 And I was like, what is this?
    0:11:17 And so fast forward a few years, we went to Hawaii and I wanted to do an
    0:11:19 experiment and I love experimenting.
    0:11:21 I am like a huge experimenter.
    0:11:24 And so I said, for 30 days, I’m gonna only post me.
    0:11:28 And this is at a time when I’d been hiding behind my work for years.
    0:11:32 And my engagement skyrocketed.
    0:11:34 My confidence in myself grew.
    0:11:36 My connection to my audience grew.
    0:11:39 And I was like so fascinated by it because I was like,
    0:11:42 this seems like the least interesting thing of like what I’m doing.
    0:11:44 I was just sharing my life.
    0:11:48 And it really made me realize like people need to connect with people.
    0:11:51 And I never set out to be an influencer.
    0:11:54 I really wanted to just like continue to grow and share.
    0:11:57 And I really have realized over the last few years of like,
    0:12:02 my dream is to like help women build businesses they don’t hate
    0:12:04 and build lives that they love.
    0:12:08 And I have been taking people on this journey, not as like,
    0:12:11 I have figured this all out, but like, I am still learning.
    0:12:12 I am still growing.
    0:12:13 I’m still figuring this out.
    0:12:17 And so when I started doing like social media collaborations
    0:12:19 and social media promotions and different things like that,
    0:12:23 it just felt so natural because I am the kind of person where I’m like,
    0:12:25 oh my God, have you tried this new lip gloss?
    0:12:28 Or like this skin like cleanser is life changing.
    0:12:32 Like I am naturally like when I go on a girl’s date with my girlfriends
    0:12:34 by the end of the day, I’ve dropped like 10 links of things
    0:12:37 that I’m just telling them about because I’m like,
    0:12:39 if this works for me, this could work for you.
    0:12:41 Like I just love not gatekeeping, whether it’s business
    0:12:44 or like beauty products or whatever that is.
    0:12:48 And so that was just such an interesting like facet for me to realize
    0:12:49 like people care about the business.
    0:12:52 Yes, but they also care about like what’s happening behind the business
    0:12:54 and like what’s fueling it.
    0:12:55 And so that was interesting.
    0:12:56 We did have a viral moment.
    0:12:58 So I grew very organically.
    0:13:00 I felt like I knew every single follower.
    0:13:02 Like I just, it felt that way.
    0:13:05 And we had a moment go viral and it was a photo of me and my husband
    0:13:09 on the beach in Hawaii and I was talking about body image.
    0:13:15 And it was the funniest post because I just, I never expected to go viral.
    0:13:17 I think that’s what happens with viral posts.
    0:13:19 And I was clapping back at someone who had said,
    0:13:21 how can a woman like you get a man like him?
    0:13:23 And my husband is very fit.
    0:13:24 He’s very in shape.
    0:13:26 At the time I was curvier.
    0:13:30 I had been going through miscarriages and lost my body had been through so much.
    0:13:32 And I was just angry and I was like, who are you to say this?
    0:13:34 Like we have been together for a decade.
    0:13:38 He has loved me through every pound, every pimple, like everything.
    0:13:42 And that post like blew up and overnight we got hundreds of thousands of followers
    0:13:44 and blessing and a curse, right?
    0:13:47 Double-edged sword because wow, this is amazing.
    0:13:50 But also like, who are these people and why are they here?
    0:13:57 Jenna is now one of the top female business influencers in the world.
    0:14:01 And to this day, she still shares details of her personal life
    0:14:04 as well as her business tips with her devoted audience.
    0:14:07 There are many ways to experiment when it comes to content creation.
    0:14:11 One of my favorites is a practice that was shared with me by James Algitur,
    0:14:14 a prolific writer and serial entrepreneur.
    0:14:16 And well, it’s a little sexual in nature.
    0:14:24 So let’s let’s dig into this coming up with good ideas or bad ideas,
    0:14:27 I guess, just like this idea creativity.
    0:14:29 We talked about intersections a bit,
    0:14:32 but we didn’t talk about something related, which you call purpose sex.
    0:14:34 Can you talk to us about that?
    0:14:41 Yeah, so, you know, and I also call it idea sex.
    0:14:42 I call it a couple of things.
    0:14:46 And the idea is it’s sort of like that sports and business example
    0:14:50 is that you want to come up with two things that you’re.
    0:14:56 Either interested in or know about and explore what the intersection of those things are.
    0:15:01 So, you know, for instance,
    0:15:08 Apple does this quite a bit, so they were a computer company for 30 years.
    0:15:14 And then suddenly they wanted to combine, oh, let’s combine the radio with computers.
    0:15:17 And the idea sex that resulted was the iPod, the first iPod.
    0:15:22 Oh, let’s combine the iPod with phones.
    0:15:25 And the result was the smartphone, the iPhone.
    0:15:30 Oh, let’s combine computers with this flat surface we’ve been doing with our phones.
    0:15:32 Oh, so now they have the iPad.
    0:15:37 So idea sex could create completely new industries.
    0:15:41 You know, let’s say you’re making a restaurant.
    0:15:45 OK, there’s a million Mexican restaurants on this street.
    0:15:49 But there’s people who might in the next town over, there’s a lot of sushi restaurants.
    0:15:52 So let’s make the Sushi Rito restaurant.
    0:15:56 We’re going to make burritos of raw fish or whatever.
    0:15:57 This might be a bad idea.
    0:16:03 But, you know, you always can combine two concepts to find something creative.
    0:16:07 Let’s say you love guitars and you love history.
    0:16:12 Well, how about looking at the history of the world in terms of the evolution of guitars?
    0:16:18 Because obviously they went from very primitive guitars to all the way up to electric guitars.
    0:16:22 And in a weird way, that describes the history of technology, the history of music,
    0:16:23 the history of civilization, as we know it.
    0:16:28 So idea sex is a very powerful tool when coming up with ideas.
    0:16:33 Yeah. And something else that you have a whole chapter about is called idea calculus.
    0:16:37 And apparently you can, you know, subtract, divide, multiply ideas.
    0:16:39 So I’d love to get an overview of that.
    0:16:42 Yeah. So, for instance, let’s say.
    0:16:47 You know, let’s say you’re you’re.
    0:16:50 Well, let’s say you have a podcast.
    0:16:56 And now you want to let’s what are ways to multiply this podcast?
    0:17:02 Well, by multiplying, it means kind of taking the podcast and scaling it in ways
    0:17:04 that you wouldn’t be able to do individually.
    0:17:08 So you could start a podcast network, for instance, and you bring on other podcasts
    0:17:12 and your job is now to place the ads and you get a cut of all those ads.
    0:17:16 So now you not only have the business of your podcast, but you have this network
    0:17:19 where you already were placing ads on your podcast.
    0:17:23 But now you get to spread around to more podcasts and place those ads.
    0:17:26 You’ve now multiplied your podcast.
    0:17:30 Or here’s another way you do your podcast and you release it on all the platforms
    0:17:36 like Spotify, Apple, iHeartRadio, Sirius and on and on.
    0:17:40 But what about putting your podcast on TikTok or YouTube?
    0:17:41 Or guess what?
    0:17:45 If you upload your podcast to Amazon Prime, your video version
    0:17:49 of your podcast to Amazon Prime, it would actually become an Apple Prime TV show.
    0:17:52 And it’ll be right next to all the other Apple Prime TV shows when you search
    0:17:55 for your podcast, most people don’t realize that.
    0:17:57 So there’s all sorts of things you can do.
    0:18:03 A with experimenting and B with this idea of manipulating, you know, the math of ideas.
    0:18:07 So idea subtraction.
    0:18:10 I’m forgetting some of the examples I had in the book there.
    0:18:18 But, you know, basically, what if you had your podcast and oh, for TikTok,
    0:18:19 they only allow 60 seconds.
    0:18:24 So let’s take the concept of a podcast, figure out how to do an episode with.
    0:18:27 What’s the most important thing in this episode with James?
    0:18:31 Okay, we’re going to make a TikTok 60 second podcast with James.
    0:18:33 So that’s like idea subtraction.
    0:18:38 So if you take one concept of podcasts and apply all these different ideas to it,
    0:18:46 then you’ll suddenly be everywhere and you’ll have lots of different formats.
    0:18:49 One of them might hit and be super popular.
    0:18:54 But, you know, in order to have luck, and earlier I said success requires luck.
    0:19:01 In order to have luck, you need to basically expand the area of luck in your life.
    0:19:07 So yes, your podcast on Spotify could get lucky and go viral.
    0:19:13 But imagine if you also had a 60 second podcast on TikTok and a show on Amazon
    0:19:19 Prime that you uploaded yourself and a podcast network where you’re just trying
    0:19:22 to make money, but one of the other podcasts becomes huge and viral.
    0:19:26 And suddenly you’re making like great money now with the podcast concept
    0:19:27 by having a podcast network.
    0:19:32 You’ve expanded basically the surface area of your luck.
    0:19:35 And that often results in great success.
    0:19:36 So good.
    0:19:41 And so let’s say we come up with, you know, an idea that we think is great.
    0:19:45 How do we stress test it to make sure that there’s actually people who would
    0:19:47 want this idea from us?
    0:19:51 Very important question because people often say ideas are a dime a dozen.
    0:19:53 Execution is everything.
    0:20:00 And this is just totally not true because in order execution, execution
    0:20:01 doesn’t mean one thing.
    0:20:05 You have to have execution ideas on how to execute.
    0:20:08 There are good execution ideas and bad execution ideas.
    0:20:12 So let’s say you and I came up with a business idea and we said, Oh,
    0:20:12 this is so good.
    0:20:18 We’re going to make, you know, an AI that figures out what everybody
    0:20:19 should order in a restaurant.
    0:20:22 I don’t know, whatever it is, we’re going to raise $2 million.
    0:20:24 We’re going to hire a bunch of programmers.
    0:20:26 We’re going to program this up over the next year.
    0:20:29 And then we’re going to start selling it to restaurants, our new software
    0:20:30 package to restaurants.
    0:20:33 Well, that’s a horrible execution idea.
    0:20:37 How about instead you go, a friend of yours has a restaurant.
    0:20:41 We go to that friend and say, listen, can we go from table to table
    0:20:46 this night and see if we can help everybody with their orders?
    0:20:48 And we’ll see.
    0:20:50 Oh, everybody already had their preferences.
    0:20:53 Even before they got to the restaurant, they knew what they wanted to order.
    0:20:54 So this is a bad idea.
    0:20:59 So we shouldn’t waste a year of our lives and $2 million of people’s money
    0:21:02 and trying to raise the money to do this idea.
    0:21:03 It’s a bad idea.
    0:21:09 So often when you try to break things down and do things manually as quick as
    0:21:13 maybe it might not be the exact product, but you could usually test.
    0:21:14 Do people even want this?
    0:21:18 Do people even, even remotely want this?
    0:21:23 You know, people already, the hard thing about businesses, people already know.
    0:21:25 They’ve already filled up their 24 hours a day.
    0:21:30 You and I and everybody listening, we already have things to do all 24
    0:21:31 hours of the day.
    0:21:35 When you start a new business, that means you’re saying some people are going
    0:21:39 to do something new in part of those 24 hours.
    0:21:44 And that new includes a product that I create or service I invent or whatever.
    0:21:47 And most people don’t want anything new.
    0:21:49 They’re fine with their 24 hours a day.
    0:21:51 I’m fine mostly with my 24 hours a day.
    0:21:55 Do I really want the Apple Vision Pro to change my 24 hours?
    0:21:57 Maybe it’s got to be great though.
    0:22:00 And so most ideas are pretty bad.
    0:22:02 That’s why most ideas are pretty bad and won’t work.
    0:22:06 So it’s good to execute as cheaply and quickly as possible.
    0:22:12 It’s not enough though, just to have a good approach and good ideas when it
    0:22:16 comes to content creation, you need to have the energy to execute them.
    0:22:20 When it comes to growing on social media and getting attention online,
    0:22:24 you’ve got to be ready to receive it and you’ve got to bring the right energy.
    0:22:28 First off, you need to believe in yourself as a person who is worthy of a
    0:22:32 following. And second, you need to be consistent in the vibes that you put off
    0:22:34 and what people can expect from your account.
    0:22:39 Nobody knows this better than TikTok and Instagram influencer Kat Norton,
    0:22:41 AKA MissXL.
    0:22:47 So how soon did things take off for you?
    0:22:48 Like did you go viral right away?
    0:22:50 Did it take months, years?
    0:22:51 Like what was it like for you?
    0:22:54 So the whole thing happened pretty quickly.
    0:22:59 And I do attribute a lot of that to the energetics that happened behind the scene
    0:23:03 where I was able to actually show up fully authentically in what I wanted to
    0:23:08 create and was ready to receive the attention back, where normally I grew up
    0:23:09 with an anxiety disorder.
    0:23:11 I hated having any attention on me.
    0:23:16 Like I had to do a lot of overhauling to get to a spot where I wasn’t going
    0:23:19 to subconsciously limit what was able to come into my field.
    0:23:24 So it was by the fourth video to that DMX song, X Gone Give It To Ya,
    0:23:29 I did the X Lookup function and that one, it was so good.
    0:23:32 That one got a hundred thousand views right away.
    0:23:36 And I was like, oh my gosh, because this at the time was my secret TikTok account
    0:23:38 because I still had a corporate job.
    0:23:40 I wasn’t really sure what I was allowed to do.
    0:23:44 So for me, I wasn’t like, hey, everybody, you know, like my video.
    0:23:48 I just only my mother and my boyfriend knew about this secret account, MissXL.
    0:23:54 So for me, when that video hit, it got shown to all these people I work with.
    0:23:56 It got showed to all these people I know I’m getting all these messages.
    0:23:58 Like, is this you?
    0:24:00 And I’m like, oh, maybe, maybe it’s me.
    0:24:07 And then within three weeks of that, I had my first video go viral on TikTok.
    0:24:11 And next thing you know, I looked down at my phone and within a couple of days,
    0:24:13 I had a hundred thousand followers.
    0:24:16 And that’s where I was like, whoa, now what do I do?
    0:24:19 Because everything was going on in the news, too, at this time.
    0:24:23 This was like June, July of 2020, that TikTok’s getting banned, you know,
    0:24:27 all the things. So I was like, well, I got a hedge my risk out here.
    0:24:29 I’m going to create an Instagram account.
    0:24:32 So I created an Instagram, started posting on there.
    0:24:36 And then within a few months, both accounts had gone viral various times.
    0:24:39 And we had a few hundred thousand followers across the different platforms.
    0:24:42 That’s so amazing.
    0:24:48 Like, it’s so rare to have somebody who just kind of skyrockets on social media right away.
    0:24:52 Why don’t we stick on why you think that happened?
    0:24:55 You just alluded to the fact that you came on with really good energy
    0:24:57 and energy is really magnetic.
    0:24:59 So can you talk to us about the importance of ensuring
    0:25:03 that you have the right type of energy when you go film your videos?
    0:25:06 Absolutely, because it’s one of those things
    0:25:09 where I view content as simply an energy exchange.
    0:25:13 My energy is coming through to you on your phone or vice versa.
    0:25:16 And you are the recipient of that energy, right?
    0:25:20 So my job as a creator is I want my energy through the roof.
    0:25:23 I want it in its heightened, most heightened, sparkly,
    0:25:26 magnetic state because, one, that’s what’s going to stop someone, right?
    0:25:28 Like, think about a bunch of people walking down the street.
    0:25:34 If there is someone that is magnetic and like fully just pure joy and like happiness.
    0:25:37 And that was something I worked on myself to to get myself to that place
    0:25:40 where like that’s the type of person and that’s the type of energy
    0:25:43 where you’re going to stop and be like, whoa, what’s that person doing?
    0:25:45 Like, oh, why do I feel like attracted to them?
    0:25:49 Not in like a sexual way, but in like a, you know, like an energetic way.
    0:25:51 It’s it’s magnetism.
    0:25:55 And that’s something I was learning early on is practices I can do behind the scenes.
    0:25:59 And a lot of that was where the Kundalini yoga came into play doing
    0:26:01 like different yogic technologies and breath work and things
    0:26:05 where my aura would become bigger, my energy would become bigger.
    0:26:07 And that way it would kind of stop you on the phone.
    0:26:11 So whether it was like the polarity of the video, like I’m looking at Excel,
    0:26:15 and a girl dancing at once, what is this or just the energy behind it, right?
    0:26:18 Like if I looked really bored or like I was having a bad time,
    0:26:19 I wouldn’t want to hang out.
    0:26:21 It’s kind of like creating a little room with someone
    0:26:23 when you’re watching a piece of content and you’re like entering their room.
    0:26:25 It’s like, do I want to go in that person’s room?
    0:26:28 Like, you know, you want to make sure the energy is there.
    0:26:31 You’re inviting and you’re actually providing value.
    0:26:34 So that was something too, where I’d spent a lot of time researching
    0:26:37 the tips and tricks, making sure that one, people were learning,
    0:26:40 but two, also that we were having that entertainment factor
    0:26:44 because each video too can bring someone’s energy up or down.
    0:26:47 So if you’re watching dark things that are going to bring down
    0:26:50 your frequency, bring down your vibration, that’s something
    0:26:53 that’s going to create more negative feelings in the body.
    0:26:56 My job is I’m trying to lift that up on the planet, right?
    0:26:57 Like, I want to make you smile.
    0:26:58 I want to make you laugh.
    0:27:01 I want to brighten your day in any possible way that I can.
    0:27:06 So that’s where with my content, I need to make sure that I’m in a good spot
    0:27:13 before I go and actually make that piece, because that energy translates every single time.
    0:27:20 Of course, the tricky thing is figuring out the areas where you can add the most value.
    0:27:25 Somebody like Kat Norton had a clear expertise that she could share her knowledge of Excel.
    0:27:29 But what if you don’t already have such a large storehouse of knowledge
    0:27:34 on a particular topic or subject area, how much time and effort are actually required
    0:27:36 to develop meaningful competence in a field?
    0:27:40 Well, the road to mastery is not as long and hard as you may think,
    0:27:43 and it certainly doesn’t take 10,000 hours.
    0:27:46 Here’s James Altature again, explaining why.
    0:27:54 I want to describe, like, what does it mean to master something and to get good at something?
    0:27:56 Well, a lot of people think you have to be the best in the world
    0:28:00 or you have to be rich and famous at what you’re doing to say that you’ve mastered it.
    0:28:05 So, yes, I’m not a top 10 comedian or a top 10 writer.
    0:28:10 Maybe I like to think I’m a top 10 writer, a top 10 chess player.
    0:28:13 But I do think and I think that’s very hard to do.
    0:28:16 That’s where the whole 10,000 hours or whatever comes in.
    0:28:21 But I do think I am whatever I like to pursue.
    0:28:24 I like to think that I get into the top 1%.
    0:28:27 So I’ll just use chess as an example.
    0:28:30 There’s 600 million people around the world who know the rules to chess.
    0:28:34 Arguably, the top 1% means you have to be in the top 6 million of those.
    0:28:38 Arguably, I’m in the top 1 million of those or even better.
    0:28:43 So, but I consider myself not so good because looking at it from my perspective,
    0:28:45 there’s a lot of people I know who are much better.
    0:28:50 Same things with business, with investing, with everything that I pursued.
    0:28:56 But I do think it’s relatively easy to get into the top 1% of what you pursue.
    0:28:58 And there’s a lot of benefits to that.
    0:29:05 One is every area of life worth pursuing has a strong and fun subculture.
    0:29:08 So you get to experiment being in all these different subcultures.
    0:29:12 There’s like a comedy subculture, a writing subculture, a TV subculture.
    0:29:17 Investing subculture, you get to kind of communicate with different people
    0:29:19 across the spectrum of all your very interests.
    0:29:24 And you get some status in those subcultures if you’re in the top 1%.
    0:29:26 So I think it is relatively easy.
    0:29:30 And this is what I wrote the book Skip the Line About, is that it’s not like
    0:29:35 cheating, but there are learning techniques you can use to be in the top 1%.
    0:29:36 Let’s say you’re interested in cooking.
    0:29:40 To be in the top 1% of cooking, I mean, a billion people around the world
    0:29:41 or more know how to cook.
    0:29:45 To be in the top 1% means to be in the top 10 million of those.
    0:29:47 That’s very easy to do.
    0:29:48 It’s not trivial.
    0:29:53 You have to work at it, but there are, if you just use these methods, you can do it.
    0:29:55 Just as an example, though.
    0:30:01 So this is a photo I have and I’ll put the mic down a little bit, but.
    0:30:06 So this was a common, this was inside a comedy club I owned, where I also had
    0:30:10 my podcast studio and just going around, this is me.
    0:30:14 This is I invited a bunch of friends to see a podcast I was doing.
    0:30:16 This is Jim Norton, who’s a famous comedian.
    0:30:18 He just had a Netflix special.
    0:30:21 This is the JZA from the Wu Tang Clan.
    0:30:26 So I did all the Wu Tang Clan’s websites in the 90s, and he often does that.
    0:30:30 Here’s Gary Kasparov, who’s the greatest chess player who ever lived.
    0:30:36 Here’s Maria Kanakova, who’s written a bunch of books about being a professional poker player.
    0:30:41 So in general, you meet lots of interesting people when you get in
    0:30:44 the top 1% of lots of different interests.
    0:30:45 Totally.
    0:30:50 And like I said, this book, Skip the Line, gives so many great gems for
    0:30:55 entrepreneurs of how they can skip this line and get to the top 1% of their field.
    0:31:00 And one of the first things that you talk about is you debunk the 10,000 hour rule.
    0:31:03 Now, all of us listening to this podcast, you’ve probably heard this
    0:31:04 rule a million times.
    0:31:06 It’s from Malcolm Gladwell.
    0:31:10 But for those of us who maybe don’t know about it, what is the 10,000 hour rule
    0:31:11 and why don’t you like it?
    0:31:12 Sure.
    0:31:15 10,000 hour rule is this idea.
    0:31:18 It originally comes from this guy, Anders Erickson, who was a professor
    0:31:20 who did all the research for it.
    0:31:24 And basically he says, with 10,000 hours of what he calls deliberate practice,
    0:31:28 you could be the best among the best in the world at anything.
    0:31:31 And he describes like how the Beatles had their 10,000 hours
    0:31:33 and he describes various experiments.
    0:31:35 He done Malcolm Gladwell wrote about this afterwards.
    0:31:39 And Anders Erickson wrote a book called Peak that I highly recommend.
    0:31:45 But my view is, is that he’s just so deliberate practice means do something
    0:31:48 and then study it like, what did you do wrong?
    0:31:52 And then repeat, do, study, repeat, do, study, repeat.
    0:31:53 And you just do that for 10,000 hours.
    0:31:57 So that’s really good for repetitive tasks, like maybe a golf swing
    0:32:02 or memorizing lists of numbers or, you know, very repetitive.
    0:32:05 To some extent music, musical performance.
    0:32:07 Not that you perform the same way every time.
    0:32:10 But if you’re playing the piano, you play the same notes
    0:32:12 for the Moonlight Sonata every single time.
    0:32:13 You don’t change.
    0:32:16 So that’s the 10,000 hour rule.
    0:32:21 But I much prefer what I, I call the 10,000 experiments rule,
    0:32:23 but it’s really more like 100 or 200 experiments.
    0:32:28 And the whole point is, is that you should try to think of ways
    0:32:31 almost every day to experiment in your life.
    0:32:36 You know, I mentioned one, which was the, you know, running for president.
    0:32:41 I, can anyone, the question was, can anyone run for president?
    0:32:43 The theory was yes.
    0:32:46 And the proof is, is that I was able to do it.
    0:32:48 So that’s like a scientific experiment.
    0:32:51 You have, you’re curious about something, you come up with a theory
    0:32:52 and then you test that theory.
    0:32:56 So another, you know, all the time I’m doing experiments,
    0:32:59 when I was doing comedy, I would, I would experiment all the time
    0:33:03 on the stage, different things I can do to get people to laugh.
    0:33:07 In, in business, you want to be able to experiment.
    0:33:09 Well, you know, a lot of times you go into business,
    0:33:11 you think you’re going to make money a certain way.
    0:33:15 But what if we, you know, charged as a service instead of as a product
    0:33:18 or as a product instead of a service, there’s all sorts of things
    0:33:22 you can do to experiment in business to find the right combination
    0:33:24 of things that will make you a lot of money.
    0:33:31 So, so I view experiments as a really valuable, a quick and valuable way
    0:33:35 to learn incredible amounts of information relatively quickly.
    0:33:41 It’s so true what James had to say about mastery.
    0:33:43 And again, the importance of experimentation.
    0:33:48 You may not have to spend 10,000 hours to become a content expert,
    0:33:51 but you do need to spend some serious time experimenting
    0:33:53 with different ideas to figure out what actually works.
    0:33:57 Of course, it’s one thing to be an expert and it’s a whole other thing
    0:34:00 to know how to deliver that expertise to your potential audience.
    0:34:05 Kat Norton went viral not just because she could provide useful Excel tips,
    0:34:09 but also because she figured out how to get her audience attention and keep it.
    0:34:11 And this is where good marketing comes in.
    0:34:14 Kelly Roach, the world-class performance coach,
    0:34:17 changed my whole approach to marketing when she shared with me
    0:34:20 her framework for building a conviction-based content brand.
    0:34:27 Let’s move into your pyramid, if you wouldn’t mind,
    0:34:29 because I feel like it’s a good place to talk about it.
    0:34:33 So your pyramid is made up of three levels.
    0:34:36 The first level is how-to marketing and then it’s hope marketing
    0:34:38 and conviction marketing.
    0:34:41 So from my understanding, the how-to marketing is really the foundational
    0:34:44 piece that you got to start with to command credibility and authority.
    0:34:48 Talk to us about this how-to marketing and how to do it effectively.
    0:34:49 Yeah, absolutely.
    0:34:52 So how-to marketing is the most basic element of marketing.
    0:34:55 And it’s typically the way that people enter your ecosystem.
    0:34:59 It’s simple, it’s easy to do, anyone can do it, costs you nothing.
    0:35:04 Record a quick video on your iPhone, pop it on your stories, pop it on your page,
    0:35:06 share it across different profiles of film.
    0:35:07 You’re doing how-to marketing.
    0:35:09 This is literally a transfer of knowledge.
    0:35:13 It’s where I’m showing you, “Hey, Hala, I know how to do something
    0:35:15 that I know that you’re interested in doing.
    0:35:17 I’m going to be your teacher.”
    0:35:19 So all of a sudden, Hala watches my video.
    0:35:21 She spent two minutes with me.
    0:35:22 She’s like, “Damn, I like this girl.
    0:35:24 She just taught me how to do something I didn’t know how to do.”
    0:35:26 All of a sudden, she’s like, “Cool.
    0:35:27 Okay, this is someone that I like.
    0:35:28 This is someone I trust.”
    0:35:29 You know, whatever the case.
    0:35:33 So how-to marketing serves a really important purpose because when people
    0:35:37 are scanning the airwaves and when they’re looking for new accounts to follow
    0:35:40 and they’re looking for new people to learn from, they want quick, digestible
    0:35:42 incentives, right?
    0:35:44 Okay.
    0:35:46 The problem is that’s where most people stop.
    0:35:47 Yeah.
    0:35:52 Now, the problem with this is just like people are scanning the airwaves,
    0:35:57 looking for a quick, easy, actionable tip, they’re doing that all day, every day.
    0:35:58 It’s called escape is right.
    0:36:00 SOV will go online and scroll and scroll and scroll.
    0:36:01 It’s escape is up.
    0:36:04 So it’s kind of like, you got the girl, she said, “Yes, to the date.”
    0:36:06 And now you’re like, “Cool, I already had a date with that girl.”
    0:36:07 Let me see.
    0:36:09 Oh, she’s really tuned over there, right?
    0:36:10 And then someone, right?
    0:36:16 So the problem with how-to marketing is it’s a great way to get people in your
    0:36:16 ecosystem.
    0:36:20 It’s not a great way to keep that in your ego.
    0:36:23 And we have to remember, what’s the purpose of marketing?
    0:36:28 The purpose of marketing is to attract so that you can nurture and finally
    0:36:31 convert people into paying customers.
    0:36:36 Well, if you miss this middle section of nurture, they never make it
    0:36:37 over here to conversion.
    0:36:39 And that’s what’s happening to a lot of marketers.
    0:36:42 They pump out this how-to marketing.
    0:36:45 And this is, you know, a lot of people are doing their pointing and their
    0:36:48 dancing and, you know, their lip-syncing and all of those things.
    0:36:49 And that’s fine.
    0:36:55 Do you have a way to then bring them through that process and finally get
    0:36:56 them to convert?
    0:36:56 Okay.
    0:36:58 So how to get some in?
    0:36:59 It doesn’t keep them there.
    0:37:04 We want you to not just do how-to, but we want to elevate from, “Okay, I see you
    0:37:05 as a credible teacher.
    0:37:07 I see you as an authority.
    0:37:07 Wonderful.
    0:37:09 Now let’s elevate.
    0:37:12 Let’s figure out how are we going to get people to keep coming
    0:37:16 back?” Well, if you notice, in the conversation that we’re having here
    0:37:20 today, Hala, we talked a lot about stories, right?
    0:37:24 We talked a lot about experiences that I had experiences that you had ways
    0:37:26 that we resonate with each other.
    0:37:27 We talked about failure.
    0:37:28 We talked about setbacks.
    0:37:31 We talked about patience and sacrifice.
    0:37:32 What did we just do?
    0:37:35 Bring out emotion.
    0:37:36 Exactly.
    0:37:41 So the people that are experiencing this show are going to say, “You know what?
    0:37:43 I’ve only been working at that goal for a year.
    0:37:45 I think I can keep going.”
    0:37:46 Kelly kept going.
    0:37:47 Hala kept going.
    0:37:49 They both won these wildly successful companies now.
    0:37:53 Maybe there’s nothing wrong with me that I wasn’t overnight success in six
    0:37:53 months.
    0:37:57 Maybe if I stick with it, I am going to achieve my goals after all.
    0:37:58 Okay.
    0:37:59 Now we’re on to something.
    0:38:03 Hey, and this is why, of course, podcasting is so powerful.
    0:38:07 It’s such an amazing medium for hope marketing.
    0:38:10 So hope marketing is the biggest chunk of your period.
    0:38:15 And this is where you really connect with your audience in an emotional and a
    0:38:19 sensitive way where people are like, “You’re not just a teacher.
    0:38:20 You’re not just an authority figure.
    0:38:21 You are my friend.
    0:38:23 You are my confidant.
    0:38:24 You are my cheerleader.
    0:38:26 You are the person that has been in my shoes.
    0:38:29 You understand everything that I’ve gone through.
    0:38:31 You understand everything I’m going through now.”
    0:38:33 And you cross the bridge to the other side.
    0:38:38 So hope marketing is really about reaching down, grabbing your audience
    0:38:41 and like wrapping your arms around them and saying, “No, you’re not quitting.
    0:38:43 You’re coming with me on this journey.
    0:38:45 I’m going to support you every step of the way.
    0:38:46 I’ve been there.
    0:38:47 You can get there too.”
    0:38:50 And hope marketing is really what’s going to keep people coming back.
    0:38:53 I call it like the neatness factor of your brand.
    0:38:59 It’s the thing that really makes people feel deeply connected to you as a person,
    0:39:04 not just as a marketer that can give instruction, but as a human being that
    0:39:08 has feelings that has emotion that’s been through something, right?
    0:39:09 Does that make sense?
    0:39:12 Oh my gosh, totally makes sense.
    0:39:13 And I can attest to this.
    0:39:17 I mean, when I go on a podcast, for example, and share my story, that’s when I get
    0:39:21 all these people like, you know, hitting me up, asking to do business with me
    0:39:24 and things like that, because they feel so emotionally connected.
    0:39:27 They could see any sort of PowerPoint slides about my results or whatever,
    0:39:29 but that wouldn’t seal the deal.
    0:39:32 It’s about liking the person and feeling connected with the person that you want
    0:39:34 to work with, which is so key.
    0:39:38 So what are some other actionable ways that we can bring this emotion to our
    0:39:44 branding, aside from the obvious ones, which is like social media posts and, you
    0:39:46 know, having a podcast where you tell your personal stories.
    0:39:47 Absolutely, you can do it with any say.
    0:39:50 I mean, you can tell stories.
    0:39:54 I mean, for me, a lot of times, even when I do like Instagram stories or Facebook
    0:39:58 stories, like I’m literally just giving like encouragement.
    0:39:59 It’s encouragement.
    0:40:02 It’s, it’s, you know, it’s sharing mistakes.
    0:40:04 It’s sharing setbacks that you work through.
    0:40:08 Um, I think one of the things that’s most endearing when you’re a teacher that,
    0:40:13 you know, wants people to want to work with you is not when you just show
    0:40:16 your highlight reel of all of your greatness and all of your wonderful
    0:40:20 accomplishments, but instead when you say, listen, I felt at this and I felt at
    0:40:22 this and I felt at this and this is what I learned from it.
    0:40:23 And this is who I became.
    0:40:25 And this is why I’m successful today.
    0:40:28 And these are all the things that you can skip over that you don’t have to go
    0:40:30 through because I did and I’m going to tell you what to do instead.
    0:40:33 So I think it can be in podcasts.
    0:40:35 It can be in, in live streams.
    0:40:36 It can be in videos.
    0:40:37 It can be in emails.
    0:40:39 It can be in posts on social media stories.
    0:40:40 Right.
    0:40:41 It can be from the stage.
    0:40:45 It can be from behind the microphone anywhere that you connect with your audience.
    0:40:47 It can be in a, in a book, right?
    0:40:51 And, and, you know, in a book any way you want.
    0:40:56 But the bottom line is it’s going from transaction, which is not emotional.
    0:41:03 And it doesn’t have staying power to relational, which is what once creates
    0:41:07 that desire, that stickiness factor in the brand for people to want to stay with you.
    0:41:09 Yeah.
    0:41:13 And then I think there’s another mistake that people make in all this is just
    0:41:18 focusing on hope marketing alone and not doing any of the informational how-to
    0:41:18 stuff.
    0:41:19 So talk to us about.
    0:41:20 Amen.
    0:41:21 And I’ll, yeah, yeah.
    0:41:23 All the time.
    0:41:27 And, well, and that’s why I wanted to actually give the illustration and the
    0:41:32 outsourciples in the book about the pyramid, because it’s not about swinging the
    0:41:34 pendulum from one side to the other.
    0:41:38 It’s about understanding how these things work together, right?
    0:41:42 There’s so many people that it’s like their entire brand is just fluff.
    0:41:44 And it’s like, what do you even do?
    0:41:48 Like, why are we even like, get out of my seat?
    0:41:49 Like, why are you even here?
    0:41:50 Like, what is this?
    0:41:55 I don’t understand what the context of this soft, like, just fluff is all the time.
    0:41:57 So I agree with you.
    0:42:00 Like, there has to be an intelligence to your brand.
    0:42:02 Like, what is it that you teach?
    0:42:03 What is it that you do?
    0:42:08 There’s a lot of people that go so deep in the wrong direction that literally you
    0:42:11 don’t even know what their business is, right?
    0:42:17 If I go to your social media and I don’t even understand what your offer is, what
    0:42:20 your business is, what it is that you do, like, that’s a problem.
    0:42:21 Right.
    0:42:26 So again, the pyramid is about, you know, think about it like Maslow’s
    0:42:27 hierarchy of needs, right?
    0:42:29 Like, you work your way through the pyramid.
    0:42:32 You don’t say, oh, I’m going to pull out this one piece of the pyramid.
    0:42:34 And that’s going to make me happy and fulfilled.
    0:42:35 No, right?
    0:42:37 Each of the pieces of the pyramid go together.
    0:42:38 So I’m really happy.
    0:42:41 Totally.
    0:42:44 One more thing about how to marketing that I think is important.
    0:42:48 If you’re going to do how to marketing, isn’t it true that you should really
    0:42:53 focus on a couple things and not just do, like, how tos about everything in your
    0:42:56 industry because then nobody’s going to know what you’re really about?
    0:42:57 Thank you for bringing that up.
    0:43:00 I mean, this goes back to what we were talking about, you know, at the
    0:43:05 beginning of the show where this lack of patience is the number one saboteur or
    0:43:06 small business owners.
    0:43:12 I mean, I see so many businesses that one day they’re marketing this and then
    0:43:16 the next day you see them marketing something that has nothing to do with
    0:43:21 that other thing and you’re like, you know, you’re expert of nothing.
    0:43:23 You’re literally expert of nothing.
    0:43:27 The more that you keep changing your messaging over and over and over.
    0:43:30 And I will talk about this also with the conviction, the top of the pyramid,
    0:43:34 but you keep changing what you’re talking about all the time and you’re doing
    0:43:38 how to marketing on things that have nothing to do with the core anchors of
    0:43:39 your brand.
    0:43:43 Of course, that’s going to create a confused mind and a confused mind always
    0:43:45 says, no, right.
    0:43:46 Yes, so that’s a great point.
    0:43:49 I totally agree.
    0:43:51 She is dropping bombs right now.
    0:43:54 I would advise everybody to go rewind that part back and now we’re going to
    0:43:57 move to the top level of the pyramid, which is like the elite level.
    0:44:03 You can’t get to it until you finish steps one and two, how to and hope.
    0:44:07 And then you can be, you know, top of your field if you can get conviction marketing.
    0:44:14 Kelly Roach emphasized the importance of emotion when it comes to creating
    0:44:16 content that resonates with an audience.
    0:44:20 Now, not every part of your content is going to evoke an emotional reaction,
    0:44:22 and that’s totally okay.
    0:44:26 The key is to find those moments that naturally hold an emotional pull.
    0:44:30 This might be a story about a challenge you faced, a moment of vulnerability,
    0:44:32 or even a small victory.
    0:44:36 At YAP, some of our best performing clips are the ones that highlight these
    0:44:39 emotionally charged moments, whether I share or my guest shares something
    0:44:41 deeply personal.
    0:44:44 These are moments that stick with people and prompt them to engage.
    0:44:49 So how can we get better at identifying these key emotional moments in our content?
    0:44:54 Well, you can start by looking for universal human experiences within your content.
    0:44:57 The challenges, the personal victories, the authentic struggles.
    0:45:02 Sometimes it’s not even the words themselves, but the way that these words are expressed.
    0:45:06 A genuine laugh, a reflective pause, a sigh, a tear.
    0:45:10 These seemingly small cues can carry a lot of emotional weight.
    0:45:14 They’re signals to your audience that they’re witnessing something real.
    0:45:18 One exercise to help identify these moments is to watch your content without sound or
    0:45:21 read the transcript without any preconceived notions.
    0:45:24 Look for parts that convey genuine emotion.
    0:45:28 Pay attention to body language, facial expressions, or tone shifts.
    0:45:33 These are often the unscripted, real moments that connect most deeply with your audience.
    0:45:39 At YAP, emotional moments are at the heart of our content.
    0:45:42 An opus clip helps us bring these moments to life.
    0:45:47 It’s like having a smart assistant that finds the parts of our episodes that truly stand out.
    0:45:53 Using AI, opus clip analyzes our podcast episodes, detect shifts in tone, language,
    0:45:56 and expression that signal high emotional impact.
    0:46:01 This allows us to uncover these golden clips without spending hours and hours scrubbing
    0:46:02 through our footage.
    0:46:07 For example, when a guest is sharing a story about a tough time or a major win,
    0:46:11 opus clip helps us capture that moment in a way that translates immediately.
    0:46:15 This has saved us so much time and allows us to focus on what we do best,
    0:46:17 creating meaningful content.
    0:46:22 If you’ve got lots of footage but limited time, consider using opus clip or similar
    0:46:26 tools to help identify and share these emotionally resonant moments.
    0:46:29 Instead of manually combing through hours of footage,
    0:46:33 you’ll let AI do all the heavy lifting, ensuring that your most impactful moments get
    0:46:34 the attention they deserve.
    0:46:42 Alright guys, we’re almost at the end of another Yap Creator episode.
    0:46:46 So far we’ve talked about how experimentation, energy, and the right tools can help you
    0:46:51 establish your expertise and launch yourself as a content creator and online presence.
    0:46:54 But I wanted to leave you on an even higher note,
    0:46:58 which I hope will light a fire under you to get started, and here it is.
    0:47:03 You’re living at one of the best moments in history to be an entrepreneur and a content creator.
    0:47:07 New technologies and platforms have completely democratized content creation
    0:47:12 and distribution as never before, allowing individuals and small businesses to build
    0:47:16 powerful online presences and without a massive corporate budget.
    0:47:20 Well, I’ll get off my soapbox and let Gary V take it from here.
    0:47:25 So short question before we close this out.
    0:47:30 In terms of entrepreneurs and your marketing advertising framework,
    0:47:35 your day trading attention, how can they use this to compete with the big dogs,
    0:47:37 the Fortune 500 companies?
    0:47:38 It’s the first time we can.
    0:47:43 You know, because for the first time ever, the creative is the variable of the reach,
    0:47:47 and that’s marketing jargon, so let me say it again.
    0:47:52 For the first time ever, how good your picture or video is can lead to millions of people seeing
    0:47:53 it that never existed before.
    0:47:57 In the history of time, you’d have to be on television.
    0:48:01 We’re on the biggest magazine or newspaper to ever get a million people in America
    0:48:04 or the world to know anything, and you’d have to spend millions of dollars for that.
    0:48:08 Now, every day, we all know every day that happens to somebody.
    0:48:11 Now, what we’ve also learned is just because you go viral once,
    0:48:13 doesn’t mean you’re going to be a billionaire.
    0:48:16 It usually means that you’re going to have this moment that you refer to your whole life
    0:48:20 and you’re actually going to be sad six months later because you weren’t able to capitalize it.
    0:48:21 That goes into being a real entrepreneur.
    0:48:26 But for the first time ever, entrepreneurs, you have a fighting chance.
    0:48:31 Ember Chamberlain’s coffee can compete with Folgers.
    0:48:35 Charlie D’Amelio’s popcorn can compete.
    0:48:38 Logan Paul and KSI’s energy drink is really competing.
    0:48:42 Mr. Beast’s chocolate is really competing, and they’re the preview, not the anomaly.
    0:48:48 I started a wine brand and sold it to Consolation for tens and tens of millions of dollars
    0:48:52 because I made organic content on the internet about wine and then started a wine brand.
    0:48:55 That will be a very normal occurrence for a long time.
    0:49:03 Now, if that doesn’t get you fired up about content creation, I don’t know what will.
    0:49:06 Thanks for joining me for episode four of the Yap Creator Series,
    0:49:10 and I hope you found some useful tips to apply to your own content journey.
    0:49:12 Are you ready to take your content to the next level?
    0:49:18 Opus Clip helped me drastically increase efficiency and video output at Yap Media.
    0:49:22 Finding the best clips for our videos used to be so time consuming and draining,
    0:49:27 but now we leverage Opus Clip and use its AI magic to find all the best clips,
    0:49:31 piece the storyline together, add in the relevant B-roll automatically,
    0:49:33 and Opus Clip does all the hard work for us.
    0:49:39 In fact, we only use Opus Clip for all the short YouTube videos and Instagram reels
    0:49:41 that you see on my page now.
    0:49:45 You can let Opus Clip help you create awesome videos that will drive engagement too.
    0:49:49 Try Opus Clip today at opus.pro/clipanything,
    0:49:51 and thanks to Opus Clip for sponsoring this series.
    0:49:55 Yap Fam, thanks for tuning in to episode four of the Yap Creator Series,
    0:49:57 and I can’t wait for episode five,
    0:50:01 where we continue to unlock the secrets of content creation.
    0:50:15 [Music]

    When Hala started podcasting, everyone told her it was too late to enter the market. But today, she is known as the Podcast Princess. With creativity and great content, anyone can build a powerful brand and make an impact. While the endless opportunities to create and connect can feel overwhelming, there are proven strategies to help you get started and stand out from the crowd. In episode four of the YAPCreator Series presented by OpusClip, Hala shares inspiring stories and bold strategies from top creators like Gary Vaynerchuk, Jenna Kutcher, and Kelly Roach to help you navigate the creator economy and unlock your true potential as a content creator. 

    In this episode, Hala will discuss: 

    (00:00) Introduction

    (02:34) Getting Started with YouTube with Sean Cannell

    (05:09) Self-Discovery and Personal Branding

    (09:16) Jenna Kutcher on Experimentation and Authenticity

    (14:11) James Altucher’s “Idea Sex” for Creativity

    (22:13) Energy and Magnetism in Content Creation

    (26:48) The Impact of Content on Your Vibration

    (27:20) Finding Your Unique Value

    (27:41) Mastery and the 10,000 Hour Rule

    (32:17) The 10,000 Experiments Rule

    (34:42) Kelly Roach’s Conviction Marketing Pyramid

    (45:40) Streamlining Content Creation with OpusClip

    (47:02) GaryVee on The Best Time to Be a Content Creator

    (49:07) Closing Thoughts and Future Episodes

    Try OpusClip for FREE:

    Visit https://www.opus.pro/clipanything 

    Resources Mentioned:

    YAP E278 with Sean Cannell: https://youngandprofiting.co/40GYZCy

    YAP E316 with Kat Norton: https://youngandprofiting.co/40I34q4

    YAP E291 with Gary Vee: https://youngandprofiting.co/41DRxcd

    YAP E295 with Jenna Kutcher: https://youngandprofiting.co/40FzNw6

    YAP E275 with James Altucher: https://youngandprofiting.co/4h2d2bG

    YAP E155 with Kelly Roach: https://youngandprofiting.co/4h1LfrD 

    More About Young and Profiting

    Download Transcripts – youngandprofiting.com/episodes-new 

    Get Sponsorship Deals – youngandprofiting.com/deals

    Leave a Review – ratethispodcast.com/yap

    Watch Videos – youtube.com/c/YoungandProfiting

     

    Follow Hala Taha

    LinkedIn – linkedin.com/in/htaha/

    Instagram – instagram.com/yapwithhala/

    Twitter – twitter.com/yapwithhala

     

    Learn more about YAP Media’s Services – yapmedia.com

  • The Government’s Struggle With Brand Strategy, When Is It Time to Change Careers? and Scott’s Best Relationship Advice

    AI transcript
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    0:01:56 Welcome to Office Hours with Prop G.
    0:01:58 This is the part of the show where we answer your questions
    0:02:00 about business, big tech, entrepreneurship,
    0:02:01 and whatever else is on your mind.
    0:02:03 If you’d like to submit a question,
    0:02:04 please email a voice recording
    0:02:06 to officehours@profitmedia.com.
    0:02:08 Again, that’s officehours@profitmedia.com.
    0:02:10 So with that, first question.
    0:02:14 (phone ringing)
    0:02:15 – Hi Scott, I’m currently working
    0:02:17 for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    0:02:18 as a regulations manager
    0:02:21 for the Office of Groundwater and Drinking Water.
    0:02:23 My office is responsible for regulating contaminants
    0:02:26 in drinking water, such as lead and PFAS.
    0:02:28 While the EPA has been in the news quite a bit
    0:02:30 over the past few years, mostly for good reasons,
    0:02:33 I’ve discovered firsthand that the federal government,
    0:02:35 specifically the civil service,
    0:02:38 is not very good at brand strategy.
    0:02:39 I’m taking steps to pivot towards
    0:02:42 an external communications role within the agency,
    0:02:44 because I believe there’s a lot more
    0:02:46 that the EPA can do to show Americans the value
    0:02:49 of our work beyond getting the occasional headline
    0:02:51 in the New York Times or something
    0:02:53 when we finalize a big regulation.
    0:02:55 My question for you is, how would you change the way
    0:02:59 the executive branch agencies engage with the public?
    0:03:02 And of course, thank you for your continued wisdom
    0:03:03 and sialis jokes.
    0:03:06 Take care, Scott, from Ethan Schwartz in Washington, D.C.
    0:03:10 – That’s a super interesting question.
    0:03:12 Essentially, the government, I mean, you could argue
    0:03:17 that a key component of winning hearts and minds is branding.
    0:03:19 One of the reasons the United States
    0:03:22 has had the best economic growth in the world
    0:03:26 is that because we have kind of a risk-taking culture,
    0:03:29 because we have a multicultural culture.
    0:03:32 Multicultural culture, and that makes no fucking sense.
    0:03:35 We have people from different places in the world,
    0:03:37 and as a result, we’re able to build global brands.
    0:03:39 How many global brands have come out of China?
    0:03:42 How many global brands have come out of Japan?
    0:03:44 A decent number have come out of Japan.
    0:03:47 But the majority of really great kind of global brands
    0:03:48 come out of the US and Europe.
    0:03:51 And I would argue part of that is our culture,
    0:03:53 at least in the US of risk-taking.
    0:03:55 And in Europe, it’s because I believe
    0:03:58 that multicultural society just has an easier time
    0:04:01 understanding and appreciating different cohorts
    0:04:03 and how to market to them.
    0:04:05 I also think, and this sounds a little weird,
    0:04:06 I think we’re more in touch with our emotions
    0:04:10 and more encouraged to express communication
    0:04:11 that creates emotion.
    0:04:16 Branding is essentially unearned margin or a shorthand.
    0:04:17 And I stay at the Four Seasons
    0:04:19 or the Ritz Carlton or the Mandarin Oriental,
    0:04:20 ’cause they always do an eight,
    0:04:22 and I don’t have time to look at it for hotels.
    0:04:24 Now granted, the importance of branding is declined
    0:04:26 because now you have your social graph
    0:04:27 or trip advisor to kind of tell you,
    0:04:29 well, no, this is the hotel you should stay at.
    0:04:33 You should stay at, you know, the Fayena and South Beach.
    0:04:34 Anyways, don’t know how I got here.
    0:04:37 The government is losing and corporations,
    0:04:39 one of the reasons corporations have overrun Washington
    0:04:43 is that Washington has done a pretty piss-poor job
    0:04:44 of branding themselves.
    0:04:46 And that is they’ve let these billionaires,
    0:04:48 they should stop playing in the identity politics
    0:04:49 of billionaires.
    0:04:50 I’ll just say assholes,
    0:04:52 assholes who tend to have a lot of money
    0:04:54 and maybe own a platform and can communicate.
    0:04:57 But a lot about branding is just controlling the message
    0:04:59 or just awareness.
    0:05:01 Something that really upsets me right now
    0:05:04 is the poor branding of the Biden administration.
    0:05:04 I mean, for God’s sakes,
    0:05:07 who the fuck exactly is president right now?
    0:05:10 It appears to be the president-elect is now president
    0:05:13 and his vice president is First Lady Alania.
    0:05:15 They are totally controlling the narrative
    0:05:17 because we have a president that for some reason,
    0:05:19 people around him thought it was a good idea
    0:05:21 that he should run again.
    0:05:25 And quite frankly, comes across as just feeble
    0:05:27 and the people around him aren’t willing for him
    0:05:28 to be in anything that’s not scripted
    0:05:30 where he’s wrapping a medal around Bono.
    0:05:33 And as a result, they are controlling the narrative,
    0:05:34 they are controlling the branding.
    0:05:37 In addition, I think you’re right.
    0:05:38 – I don’t think they do a very good job
    0:05:41 of communicating how important the EPA is
    0:05:44 and the importance of clean drinking water
    0:05:46 and managing the messaging such that people say,
    0:05:48 you know what, the EPA are the good guys.
    0:05:50 Instead of having these people whose financial interest
    0:05:53 is to position them as the bad guys.
    0:05:55 So the fight of branding, if you will,
    0:05:58 the importance of branding plays a critical role,
    0:06:00 not only in developing shareholder value,
    0:06:04 but also in ensuring that our fantastic agencies
    0:06:05 and government agencies,
    0:06:07 I just never understood how people are so comfortable
    0:06:08 shitposting government.
    0:06:10 It’s shitposting yourself, folks.
    0:06:11 We elect these people.
    0:06:15 We make the decisions around who represents us in government
    0:06:18 and they make the decisions around these agencies.
    0:06:21 And the notion that we don’t have a vested interest
    0:06:23 in all of these things and they don’t represent who we are.
    0:06:24 I find it just fucking hilarious
    0:06:27 that the majority of people who hilarious is the wrong word,
    0:06:29 who shitpost the government are the ones benefiting
    0:06:30 most of them in the government.
    0:06:33 We need great agencies like the EPA to identify
    0:06:35 what is their brand identity?
    0:06:37 How can they position it against two things?
    0:06:39 Where is the market and what are their strengths?
    0:06:43 And then specifically do a better job of using platforms
    0:06:44 and spokes people to get out there
    0:06:47 to respond quickly to misinformation
    0:06:49 and craft their own message.
    0:06:50 Thank you for the question.
    0:06:52 Question number two.
    0:06:53 – Hi, Prof. G.
    0:06:55 My name is Xavier and I’m a 23 year old
    0:06:58 from Goodall, Appalachia with a political science degree
    0:07:01 from a no-namer school in the middle of nowhere.
    0:07:02 Over the past three years,
    0:07:06 I’ve worked as a PR, IR and events professional
    0:07:09 specifically within the indie video game industry.
    0:07:11 With the state of the video game industry
    0:07:12 in a constant decline,
    0:07:15 I’m starting to get spooked as even my current company
    0:07:18 announced layoffs this past week.
    0:07:22 I’m wondering if you have any advice on pivoting careers
    0:07:24 specifically when my hard and soft skill set
    0:07:28 is so pigeonholed in this specific industry.
    0:07:29 Thanks for your time.
    0:07:32 – Okay, so spooked is a term,
    0:07:34 when I think of the term spook,
    0:07:38 it’s a horse gets spooked and makes an irrational decision.
    0:07:39 Are you making an irrational decision
    0:07:40 by getting out of this industry?
    0:07:43 Because I think of the video gaming industry
    0:07:45 as just an enormous industry.
    0:07:48 And it’s right now, it’s in what I’d call cyclical decline.
    0:07:51 I think video games are likely gonna continue
    0:07:52 to thrive in some format.
    0:07:55 It’s just such a big business.
    0:07:58 And this is pulse marketing, but Jesus Christ,
    0:07:59 I think about the amount of time and attention
    0:08:04 my fortune old son spends on Fortnite or UEFA
    0:08:08 or whatever it is, Madden, soccer.
    0:08:10 I just think that’s a big business
    0:08:12 and probably a pretty decent industry.
    0:08:14 Let’s look at some data here.
    0:08:16 After a huge boom during COVID,
    0:08:17 the video game industry has shrunk.
    0:08:21 In 2020, the gaming industry grew over 23%.
    0:08:23 That’s not a big base.
    0:08:25 However, that boom quickly turned to bust.
    0:08:28 So layoffs in the video game industry by year.
    0:08:33 2022, 8,500 people, 2023, 11,000 and 2024, 12,000.
    0:08:36 And you’re right,
    0:08:38 people are just simply spending less time gaming.
    0:08:43 But I mean, there was a bit of a sugar or an anomaly high,
    0:08:45 a sugar higher in anomaly during COVID, right?
    0:08:48 Where people were trapped at homes.
    0:08:49 The first quarter of 2021,
    0:08:51 average play time has dropped a whopping 26%.
    0:08:55 But again, that’s off of an unnatural base.
    0:08:57 I would suggest that if you like the industry
    0:08:58 and you’re good at it,
    0:09:01 I don’t think you wanna sort of ping from industry
    0:09:03 to industry when it starts going down.
    0:09:05 I think you need to decide,
    0:09:07 is this decline cyclical or structural?
    0:09:09 Because every industry is gonna have cyclical declines.
    0:09:11 And if you try and hopscotch from different industry
    0:09:13 based on cyclical declines,
    0:09:15 you’re just gonna be moving around
    0:09:16 and kind of starting over.
    0:09:18 If you’re a letter E in video games
    0:09:19 and you’re good at and you like it,
    0:09:21 if you go somewhere else that’s growing,
    0:09:23 if you go into AI, you’re gonna start a letter C.
    0:09:27 And trust me, AI is gonna have cyclical downturns.
    0:09:29 So I would suggest a couple of things.
    0:09:33 One, determine if this is a cyclical or a structural decline.
    0:09:35 Obviously, I’m putting forward a comment
    0:09:36 and a viewpoint there.
    0:09:39 And two, I would assemble a kitchen cabinet of people
    0:09:40 that know you, know how good you are,
    0:09:43 know your seed, know your skills.
    0:09:46 What are you bringing something
    0:09:48 that is truly differentiated to the industry
    0:09:50 that foots to your skills
    0:09:52 as opposed to getting spooked and moving out?
    0:09:55 So one way to know that an industry
    0:09:56 is probably about to go into decline
    0:09:58 is to look at the most popular industry
    0:10:01 out of amongst second year business school students.
    0:10:03 Why is that?
    0:10:04 Because they’re going,
    0:10:06 typically second year business school students
    0:10:09 are rear view looking, rear view mirror looking.
    0:10:11 And that is they look at what’s hot now.
    0:10:12 Well, okay, when something’s hot now
    0:10:14 that means it’s probably peaked
    0:10:17 and may eventually go into its own cyclical decline.
    0:10:18 It’s hard to do,
    0:10:19 but the best or the most fortunate way
    0:10:21 to go into an industry is to go into it
    0:10:24 when it’s at a trough and it’s about to come back.
    0:10:26 But no, this is an amazing industry.
    0:10:28 And I think over the medium and long term,
    0:10:30 this industry, whether it’s reshaped,
    0:10:33 is going to continue to thrive.
    0:10:35 I appreciate the question.
    0:10:37 We have one quick break before our final question.
    0:10:38 Stay with us.
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    0:12:45 Some businesses thrive on data,
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    0:13:57 Welcome back, question number three.
    0:13:59 – Hey, Scott, I hope you’re well.
    0:14:02 – My name is Patrick, I’m 28 years old from the UK.
    0:14:04 Thank you so much for all your work
    0:14:06 and for your constant inspiration.
    0:14:08 My question is related to something
    0:14:09 that you’ve mentioned before,
    0:14:11 which I believe is where you sit down with your partner
    0:14:14 and you discuss your goals, either for the coming year
    0:14:16 or for the five years coming.
    0:14:19 And you work to support each other on those goals.
    0:14:21 I’ve entered a fairly new relationship
    0:14:23 and coming up to the new year,
    0:14:24 thought it would be a great opportunity
    0:14:26 to have one of these conversations with my partner.
    0:14:28 And I was looking for some structure
    0:14:30 on how you have those conversations.
    0:14:32 Thank you so much for the work that you do.
    0:14:34 I must have fun with your work
    0:14:36 and please keep it up, the dog.
    0:14:37 Thank you.
    0:14:39 – Dude, how dreamy are you, British accent?
    0:14:41 You’re thinking about investing in your partnership
    0:14:42 even though you’re a year in.
    0:14:43 When I was a year in, I was like,
    0:14:46 hey, do you wanna go to St. Bart’s?
    0:14:49 I mean, I was not thinking the way you were thinking.
    0:14:53 So kudos to you and your partner’s very fortunate.
    0:14:56 I’ve given several best man toasts
    0:14:57 and I always give the same toasts
    0:14:58 and it slightly horrifies and delights everybody.
    0:15:01 I think there are three things to remember in a partnership.
    0:15:04 One, put the scorecard away.
    0:15:07 And that is decide what kind of boyfriend, husband,
    0:15:10 lover you wanna be and just be that person.
    0:15:12 And stop thinking, well, her parents were in town
    0:15:13 and I was really nice to them.
    0:15:16 So when my mom comes to town, she needs to be really nice.
    0:15:19 I mean, I’m not saying get walked all over,
    0:15:24 but decide what kind of partner you wanna be
    0:15:26 and try and hold yourself to that expectation.
    0:15:27 And if you’re on the plus side,
    0:15:31 if you’re offering more than your partner is, you win.
    0:15:32 That’s great.
    0:15:37 That surplus value, which I think is one of the key metrics
    0:15:41 to masculinity, you give witness to people’s life.
    0:15:42 You notice them.
    0:15:44 You absorb more complaints than you give.
    0:15:46 You create more tax revenue
    0:15:49 than you absorb of social services.
    0:15:53 I think surplus value is a decent metric for masculinity.
    0:15:58 Also recognize that you’ll likely naturally inflate
    0:16:00 your own contributions and diminish theirs,
    0:16:01 even if it’s unintentional.
    0:16:03 So as a result, if you keep score,
    0:16:05 it just, you end up frustrated and anxious.
    0:16:08 So I stopped keeping score across my relationships
    0:16:10 and it’s been a big unlock.
    0:16:14 Two, a year in, I would try and express
    0:16:16 as much physical desire as possible.
    0:16:20 I think affection, not just sex, but affection and sex,
    0:16:25 say I choose you, I think women wanna be wanted.
    0:16:28 And I think that that it’s fun, it’s nice when you’re young
    0:16:32 and I think we’re meant to procreate and be physical
    0:16:33 and it’s what separates you
    0:16:36 from being romantic partners from friends.
    0:16:40 So anytime you feel, you wanna hold her hand,
    0:16:43 you wanna, you know, lie on top of her
    0:16:46 and express affection while you’re watching TV.
    0:16:49 You know, I think these things are wonderful.
    0:16:50 I think that’s what you’re supposed to be doing.
    0:16:55 And then third is, never let your partner be hungry or cold.
    0:16:58 I have found that probably 50% of my major blow-ups
    0:17:01 with my partners have been, when I look back on it,
    0:17:02 that they were either hungry or cold.
    0:17:04 Always have a PageMean and a PowerBar.
    0:17:07 Wherever you are, wherever you are.
    0:17:10 So one of my methods is, or what I talk about
    0:17:11 or what you’re referring to,
    0:17:14 when you’re sitting down and talking about goals and unlocks
    0:17:16 is more for, I think, a relationship
    0:17:17 that’s a little bit more mature.
    0:17:19 You’re still in an exploration,
    0:17:21 getting to know your kind of phase a year in.
    0:17:24 But I think more just specifically,
    0:17:25 when I think of partnership,
    0:17:27 you’re giving witness to their life.
    0:17:31 You’re, Mel Robbins, who’s on our podcast,
    0:17:33 consideration and admiration.
    0:17:36 You recognize that they’re into something
    0:17:37 and you go out of their way.
    0:17:40 You go out of your way to get tickets for it.
    0:17:42 You know she likes a certain meal,
    0:17:44 so you go ahead and you order that.
    0:17:45 You admire them.
    0:17:48 You want them to occasionally be on a stage
    0:17:49 where they get claps from strangers
    0:17:51 or you brag about them behind their back
    0:17:53 or in front of people.
    0:17:54 Mine is a little bit, I think,
    0:17:57 what I do with my partners, not every year,
    0:18:00 we sit down and say, okay, all costs, logistics aside,
    0:18:01 what would be really cool to do?
    0:18:03 That’s why we moved to Europe.
    0:18:07 But I think the fact that you’re even thinking this way
    0:18:11 means you’re in the top 1% of boyfriends.
    0:18:13 Most men do not think this way.
    0:18:15 Thanks so much for the question.
    0:18:16 That’s all for this episode.
    0:18:18 If you’d like to submit a question,
    0:18:19 please email a voice recording
    0:18:21 to officehours@proptimedia.com.
    0:18:24 Again, that’s officehours@proptimedia.com.
    0:18:33 (upbeat music)
    0:18:36 This episode was produced by Jennifer Sanchez,
    0:18:38 our internist and shoe-lawn Drew Burroughs
    0:18:39 as our technical director.
    0:18:41 Thank you for listening to the PropG Pod
    0:18:43 from the Vox Media Pocas Network.
    0:18:46 We will catch you on Saturday for No Mercy, No Malice
    0:18:47 as read by George Hahn.
    0:18:50 And please follow our PropG Markets Pod
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    0:19:31 you

    Scott discusses how the best global brands come from the U.S. and why the federal government struggles with brand strategy. He then gives advice to a listener considering leaving the video game industry. He wraps up with more advice, to a listener looking to strengthen his relationship. 

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